Дисертації з теми "Observer studies"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Observer studies".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Lopetegui, Lazo Marcelo A. "Inter-Observer Reliability Assessments in Continuous Observation Time Motion Studies." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397236246.
Повний текст джерелаWarren, Lucy M. "Simulation of calcification clusters in observer performance studies for optimisation of digital mammography." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616916.
Повний текст джерелаCassigneul, Adèle. "Voir, observer, penser : Virginia Woolf et la photo-cinématographie." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20048.
Повний текст джерелаThis study contends that Virginia Woolf's writing draws its inspiration from Julia Margaret Cameron's Victorian photographs, the 1920s avant-garde photography and cinema, and Woolf's own Monk's House Albums, making her work at once photographic and cinematographic, or photo-cinematographic. Exploring the Woolfian text as a complex representation device, I examine the plasticity of its prose and narrative strategies to show how photography and cinema help to shape its aesthetic, but also ethical and political contents. This thesis first places Woolf's works in their modernist context and underlines the part played by the Hogarth Press, enabling Woolf to include images in her texts. I then shed light on the kinematic aspect of her work by analysing the photo-filmic exploration of the London scene and the montage of stream of consciousness. The third part probes into the anachronic rhythm of fluctuating time, emphasising the haunting aspects of memory through surviving images that condense their temporality in the instant (snapshot) or unroll it (streaming images) ; thus time achieves a personal and intimate, but also collective and historical dimension. Finally, I look at the Woolfian text as a subversive place of negotiation inhabited by eccentric characters with elusive identities and in which images help the author to make a "poethical" stand
Nelson, Jennifer Clark. "A graphical methodology for describing interrater variability in ordinal assessments among many raters /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9560.
Повний текст джерелаShea, Kerry A. "Evaluation of a Computer-Based Observer-Effect Training on Mothers' Vocal Imitation of Their Infant." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7694.
Повний текст джерелаSchonwetter, Sara Wendi. "An Evaluation of Reactivity to Observer Presence While Self-Monitoring to Improve Swimming Performance." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4221.
Повний текст джерелаKim, Jae-Seung. "Objective image quality assessment for positron emission tomography : planar (2D) and volumetric (3D) human and model observer studies /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5836.
Повний текст джерелаWilliams, Gethin. "Corporate planning in a turbulent environment : a participant observer longitudinal study of the introduction and operation of corporate planning in a college of higher education, 1974-84." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364060.
Повний текст джерелаRashid, Mahbub. "On the configurational studies of building plans from the viewpoint of a situated observer : a partial theory of configuration for plans not involving curves." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23373.
Повний текст джерелаSahu, Amit K. "Objective assessment of image quality (OAIQ) in fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1068.
Повний текст джерелаStroud, Cynthia. "Stage Hypnosis in the Shadow of Svengali: Historical Influences, Public Perceptions, and Contemporary Practices." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1363090445.
Повний текст джерелаRakov, Artem. "Unfolding the Assemblage : Towards an Archaeology of 3D Systems." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filmvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182425.
Повний текст джерелаMachado, Karina Scurupa. "Anthropogenic and climate changes observed by biomarkers in paleogeochemical studies." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/36785.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Hídricos e Ambiental. Defesa: Curitiba, 06/10/2014
Inclui referências
Resumo: Este estudo apresenta uma avaliação do potencial de biomarcadores na construção de cenários passados. Registros de mudanças ambientais ocorridas em duas áreas de estudo distintas foram obtidos a partir do uso de biomarcadores de mudanças antropogênicas e climáticas em sedimentos datados.Mudanças ambientais ocorridas a mil anos atrás foram estudadas na bacia do Lago Ohrid (Sudoeste da Macedônia), enquanto alterações mais recentes, nos últimos 400 anos, foram avaliadas na região norte de Curitiba e Almirante Tamandaré (Sul do Brasil). O ultimo milênio corresponde ao final do Holoceno, no qual ocorreram importantes eventos climáticos da história do planeta, tais como a Era Negra, Período Medieval Quente (PMQ), Pequena Idade do Gelo (PIG) e a Idade Moderna. No Lago Ohrid, alterações na quantidade e composição da matéria orgânica no sedimento foram observadas. A distribuição de lipídios mostrou uma substituição de fontes de matéria orgânica de plantas por solo e consequente aumento da produtividade no lago. Esta alteração se deve ao aumento do desmatamento na área devido a eventos históricos tais como a fundação do Monastério Saint Naum e a elevação da cidade de Ohrid a capital do Império Búlgaro. Associado a influência humana na região está o aumento das chuvas, característico da transição da Era Negra (frio e seco) para o PMQ (quente e úmido). Outro cenário foi observado no sul do Brasil, com mudanças mais recentes, referentes a transição da PIG para a Idade Moderna. Evidências de alterações na vegetação, clima e composição atmosférica foram discutidas e de maneira geral, três estágios foram observados: 1600-1730, mais quente e seco, predomínio de plantas herbáceas sobre lenhosas, 1730-1800, mais frio e seco, predomínio de plantas lenhosas e 1800- presente, final da PIG, mais quente e úmido. Do ponto de vista atmosférico, alterações nos níveis de CO2 parecem ter ocorrido nos últimos 400 anos. Com base na razão isotópica de plantas, dois aumentos significativos foram observados entre 1600-1880 e 1930-2012. Fontes de CO2 com influência global seriam as principais responsáveis pelo primeiro aumento, enquanto fontes regionais parecem ser predominantes no segundo. Dentre as fontes em nível global, o vulcanismo pode ter contribuído para a mudança na composição atmosférica, principalmente entre 1600 e 1880, uma vez que alterações no pH do solo são evidentes. No período mais recente, o aumento do CO2 atmosférico foi atribuído a fontes antropogênicas, tais como queima de biomassa e combustíveis fosseis. O impacto antrópico na região foi avaliado através da distribuição de hidrocarbonetos poliaromáticos, cujas fontes indicaram a evolução das atividades humanas na região nos últimos 150 anos, de forma a complementar o entendimento da mudança na composição atmosférica. De maneira geral, o presente estudo contribui para a elucidação das alterações ambientais ocorridas em períodos significativos da história, em regiões onde informações desta natureza são escassas. Em tempos de discussão sobre mudanças climáticas, o entendimento de eventos do passado, que podem vir a se repetir em um ciclo, e dos reais efeitos da ação do homem no planeta, contribuem para a construção de cenários e previsões futuras. Palavras-chave: Variações Climáticas, Impacto Antrópico, Biomarcadores, Holoceno
Abstract: This study presents an assessment of the potential of biomarkers in the construction of past scenarios. Records of environmental changes in two distinct areas of study were obtained from the use of biomarkers from anthropogenic and climate changes in dated sediment cores. Changes that occurred between 840 to 1330 were studied in Lake Ohrid watershed (Southwest Macedonia), while more recent changes, in the last 400 years, were evaluated in the northern region of Curitiba and Almirante Tamandaré (Southern Brazil). The last millennium corresponds to the late Holocene climate in which important events in the history of the planet, such as the Dark Age, Medieval Warm Period-MWP, Little Ice Age-LIA, and the Modern Age occurred. In Lake Ohrid, changes in the amount and composition of organic matter inputted in the sediment were observed. The distribution of lipids showed a replacing of organic matter sources from plants by soil and a consequent increase in productivity in the lake. This change is related to increased deforestation in the area due to historical events, such as the foundation of the Saint Naum monastery and the elevation of Ohrid City to the capital of the Bulgarian Empire. Associated with human influence in the region is increased rainfall, characteristic of the transition from the Dark Age (colder and dry) for the MWP (warmer and humid). Another scenario was observed in southern Brazil, with more recent changes regarding the transition from LIA to the Modern Time. Evidence of changes in vegetation, climate and atmospheric composition were discussed, and in general, three periods were observed: 1600-1730, warmer and dry, predominance of herbaceous over woody plants; 1730-1800, colder and dry, predominance of woody plants and 1800-nowadays, the end of LIA, warmer and more humid. From the atmospheric compartment, changes in CO2 levels appear to have occurred in the last 400 years. Based on the isotopic ratios from plant sources, two significant increases were observed between 1600-1880 and 1930-2012. Sources of CO2 with global influence would be primarily responsible for the initial increase, while regional sources seem to be predominant in the second. Among the global sources, volcanism may have contributed to the change in atmospheric composition, especially between 1600 and 1880, since changes in soil pH were evident. More recently, the rise of atmospheric CO2 has been attributed to anthropogenic sources such as biomass and fossil fuels burning. The anthropogenic impact on the region was assessed through the distribution of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, whose sources have indicated the evolution of human activities in the region over the past 150 years, complementing the understanding of changes in atmospheric composition. Overall, this study contributes to the elucidation of environmental changes in significant periods of history, in regions where information of this approach are scarce. In times of strong discussion about climate change, the understanding of past events that may be repeated in a cycle and the real effects of human actions on the planet contribute to the construction of future scenarios and forecasts. Keywords: Climate Changes, Anthropogenic Impact, Biomarkers, Holocene
Keil, Ralf. "X-ray studies of ultraluminous infrared galaxies observed with XMM-Newton." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979447313.
Повний текст джерелаChu, Eric (Eric Kwok-Wai). "Urban adaptations observed : the politics of governing climate resilience in Indian cities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99081.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 199-223).
An increasing number of international policymakers and funders have strongly advocated for programs that integrate and support both climate change adaptation and urban development, arguing that combining these two objectives will help ensure the long-term resilience of cities. This dissertation delves into the cases of Bhubaneswar, Indore, and Surat in India and looks at how urban local governments plan, implement, and advocate for locally grounded, contextually relevant adaptation and development priorities within their jurisdictions given such external mandates and incentives. My findings highlight two interrelated ways to theorize changing institutional relationships between climate adaptation, development planning, and urban political economy. First, through a process that I call street-level resilience making, I find that adaptation planning, implementation, and governance relies on the experimentation and co-creation of adaptation options between urban sectors and actors. Secondly, I show that urban adaptation is governed through power in translation, where different urban actors, groups, and communities contest intervening authorities through their ability to translate climate information, adaptation needs, and resilience-building options. In this context, cities are not in fact unidirectional recipients of external aid and support; rather, cities are taking ownership over how external funds get implemented, which urban actors participate in the process, and why certain sectors and populations receive more support than others. However, as cities gain authority over how external adaptation mandates get translated into concrete programs and interventions, this simultaneously creates more opportunities for local authorities to exclude certain populations in the process. The pursuit of urban resilience can therefore become a moniker for further co-optation of political power and for entrenching existing urban socioeconomic injustices. In response to rising urban inequalities attributed to current and pipeline adaptation interventions, I present a framework for evaluating climate justice from below. This concept takes into account how adaptation is mainstreamed into urban development and its relationship to broader socioeconomic transformations at a global scale. I conclude that the ability to mitigate existing power imbalances rests on the restructuring of governance arrangements available to marginalized communities to advocate for their own interests in the street-level resilience-making process.
by Eric Chu.
Ph. D. in Environmental Policy and Planning
Ton, That Long. "Nonlinear control studies for circadian models in system biology." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/nonlinear-control-studies-for-circadian-models-in-system-biology(f616f360-99e4-4314-ba51-be7a49e9ff0e).html.
Повний текст джерелаYasui, Miwa. "Observed ethnic-racial socialization and early adolescent adjustment." Thesis, Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8303.
Повний текст джерелаTypescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-150). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
Ishii, Mamoru. "Studies of the Small-Scale Magnetic and Electric Field Perturbations Observed in the Polar Ionosphere." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/86253.
Повний текст джерелаTeramoto, Mariko. "Studies on Pi2 Pulsations in the Inner Magnetosphere Observed by Polar and Equatorial Orbiting Satellites." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120667.
Повний текст джерелаWilling, Josephine. "Användning av perspektiv i svenskt teckenspråk hos hörande andraspråksinlärare." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-174636.
Повний текст джерелаIn this study, I investigate how hearing adult second language (L2) learners use and develop perspective in the three different categories – character, observerand mixed perspective– in Swedish Sign Language over the course of one year. The results of the target group are compared to those of a control group consisting of deaf first language (L1) users. The results show that the target group, between the second and fourth recording session, has developed multiple perspectives in all categories. Furthermore, linguistic similarities and differences between target and control groups are investigated, one similarity being that all informants express imitating gestures in the same way. The results show that several informants in the target group use double referents in signing space. This may be a consequence of their preference for observer perspective, since they have difficulties with mixed perspectives. Conversely, the control group has a considerably higher percentage of mixed perspectives than the target group.
Zargar, Cameron. "The Hanbali and Wahhabi Schools of Thought as Observed Through the Case of Ziyarah." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1398829915.
Повний текст джерелаBjälkenfalk, Katrin, and Sofi Peters. "Stimulerad & observerad : En studie kring sensorisk stimuli och dess påverkan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20202.
Повний текст джерелаDamian, Camilla, Zehra Eksi-Altay, and Rüdiger Frey. "EM algorithm for Markov chains observed via Gaussian noise and point process information: Theory and case studies." De Gruyter, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/strm-2017-0021.
Повний текст джерелаWong, Marina Wai-yee. "Elementary teachers' expressed beliefs and observed practices of music education in Vancouver and Hong Kong, a descriptive, exploratory study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0017/NQ46451.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаFrisk, Anders. "Danslärarkroppen som resonanslåda : en hermeneutisk fenomenologisk studie om danslärares upplevelser av att observera (sin) dansundervisning." Thesis, Stockholms konstnärliga högskola, Institutionen för danspedagogik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uniarts:diva-543.
Повний текст джерелаBelova, Alla. "Studies of planetary waves in ozone and temperature fields as observed by the Odin satellite in 2002-2007." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Physics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1819.
Повний текст джерелаThe results presented in this PhD thesis are mainly based on measurements collected by the advanced sub-mm radiometer (SMR) aboard the Odin satellite in 2002-2007. The primary data are series of temperature and ozone profiles in the middle atmosphere up to 68 km. These data are used to estimate global properties of planetary wave propagation in both horizontal and vertical directions. As good-quality retrievals from Odin are not available above 68 km, additional data sources have been considered in order to extend coverage of planetary wave properties to higher levels. These sources are temperature observations at 85-90 km obtained by the ground-based meteor radars located in the polar region in the Northern Hemisphere in Scandinavia at Esrange and at Andenes, and in Canada at Resolute Bay and at Yellowknife. Also, the series of ozone profiles from the ground-based Kiruna mm-wave radiometer, KIMRA, are used in order to compare the wave properties in ozone fields measured globally by Odin and locally by KIMRA.
The main task of this PhD thesis is to study the 5-day planetary wave characteristics in the Earth’s atmosphere. The influence of waves on the atmospheric circulation causes, for example, substantial local departures from radiative equilibrium, observed in the winter stratosphere and close to the summer mesopause. Seasonal variations of the 5-day planetary wave properties and physical phenomena related to these variations are also studied in this thesis.
During winter, planetary waves propagate freely in the vertical direction, and maximal wave amplitudes are found in the extratropical stratosphere. The Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter periods of 2002-2003 and 2005 have been examined and a comparison has been carried out between the planetary wave properties in temperature and ozone variations. In general, the results show an expected in-phase behavior between the temperature and ozone fields in the lower stratosphere (due to dynamic effects) and an out-of-phase pattern in the upper stratosphere (which is expected as a result of photochemical effects).
Earlier theoretical and experimental studies have shown that, despite unfavourable summertime wind conditions, 5-day planetary waves can be registered not only in the stratosphere but also at higher altitudes in the mesosphere. The NH summers of 2003-2005 and 2007 have been considered and results have confirmed the existence of 5-day planetary waves up to the mesopause level (85-90 km). The results demonstrate that, for different periods, the possible source of the observed waves could be located at lower altitudes in both hemispheres with successive propagation into the summer mesosphere, or the waves could be generated in-situ as a result of the baroclinic instability of summer easterly jet.
Jackson, Clive Andrew. "Combined channel sounding and direction finding studies of HF radio propagation effects observed over high latitude communication paths." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30208.
Повний текст джерелаKnutsen, Arijana. "Att observera och sortera i närmiljön : en variationsteoretisk studie av systematiskaundersökningar av närmiljön i F-3." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Pedagogik, språk och Ämnesdidaktik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-82016.
Повний текст джерелаWiman, Jacob. "Observing the Observers : A critical approach of problem representations in Policy of the EU EOM Final Reports." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-429515.
Повний текст джерелаBeckius, Göran. "Företagsetik : En studie av etiskt organiserande i några svenska företag." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-986.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough research in business ethics has of late received increased attention from researchers and practitioners, little has been written on the practical effects of its implementation.
The aim of the present study is, therefore, to explore the meaning and implications of business ethics from a practical perspective. To these ends, a qualitative study, mainly based on a grounded theory approach, has been carried out. The target of analysis is a corpus material derived from informants from 9 companies ranging from different sectors: 2 from the manufacturing sector, 1 company from the pharmaceutical sector and 6 companies from the financial sector.
The results show that almost all the companies under consideration have set up some ethical structures for implementing their ethical practices, and lived up to the embraced ethical values in their business conduct. The results also indicate that the companies have actually responded favorably to the requirements and demands of various stakeholders.
Furthermore, the emerging structures constitute the basis of a fully operative concept for organizing and implementing an ethical business conduct in organizations. This concept mainly consists of the following categories: ethics, rules, institutionalization, observing and abiding. These can all be applied separately or as a whole and as such be an instrument for measuring an organizations ethical level.
Pachulia, Gocha, and Laura Henderson. "The relationship betweenEmotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Orientation : Observed within owner-managers who lead small, high-tech firms in Sweden." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-10297.
Повний текст джерелаProblem: Is there a statistically significant relationship between the EI of an ownermanager and the EO within a small firm?
Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to perform an exploratory study of the research by addressing the first hypothesis. The secondary purpose of this study was to characterize the nature of this relationship by exploring micro-connections between EI and EO factors, by addressing the second hypothesis.
Hypotheses: 1) An owner-manager’s EI can be used to predict EO within small firms. 2) An owner-managers’ EI dimensions are positively correlated to the EO dimensions in small firms.
Method: A questionnaire including the EISDI (Emotional Intelligence) instrument and the Covin & Slevin (1989) Entrepreneurial Orientation (entrepreneurial/strategic posture) instrument were sent by email to respondents. Responses were collected from a sample of 35 respondents, who were identified as owner-managers of small, young firms within the Swedish high-tech industry. An empirical analysis examined correlations between global EI and global EO, as well as EI and EO factors.
Main findings: Both hypotheses were rejected. It was concluded that an owner-manager’s EI cannot be used to predict EO within small firms. Moreover, it was found that no part of an owner-manager’s EI is significantly nor strongly correlated to EO dimensions within small firms.
Dick, Eric Timothy. "A survey of CT phantom considerations for the study of blooming artifacts as observed in CT coronary angiography studies a preliminary study /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1205313085.
Повний текст джерелаAdvisor: Lisa Lemen PhD. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed May 12, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: blooming; computed tomography; artifact; CT; beam hardening; partial volume averaging;cone beam. Includes bibliographical references.
Biteau, Jonathan. "A window on stochastic processes and gamma-ray cosmology through spectral and temporal studies of AGN observed with H. E. S. S." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00822242.
Повний текст джерелаFifty years after the discovery that quasars are extragalactic sources, their bright cores (AGN) and the jets that some of them exhibit still have plenty of secrets to share, particularly through observations in the gamma-ray band. Above 100 GeV, Cherenkov telescopes such as H. E. S. S. Have detected 50 AGN, mostly blazars, objects whose jets are pointed toward the observer. The detection of two faint ones, 1ES 1312-423 and SHBL J001355. 9-185406, is described in this thesis. Their multiwavelength spectra are reproduced with a synchrotron self-Compton model. The γ rays emitted by blazars are partly absorbed by the extragalactic background light (EBL), the second most intense cosmological background, which carries the integrated history of star formation. The first detection of this absorption above 100 GeV is performed, enabling the measurement of the EBL peak-amplitude in the optical band at the 20% level. In addition to these spectral studies, the fast flux-variations of blazars are investigated using the outbursts of PKS 2155-304 seen by H. E. S. S. . The observation of a skewed flux distribution and of an R. M. S. -flux correlation are interpreted within a kinematic model, where the emission is a realization of a stochastic process
DICK, ERIC TIMOTHY. "A Survey of CT Phantom Considerations for the Study of Blooming Artifacts as Observed in CT Coronary Angiography Studies: A Preliminary Study." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1205313085.
Повний текст джерелаArntzen, Kamilla, and Jennie Hallberg. ""Den vuxnes roll är att lyfta leken en dimension eller bara observera" : En fenomenografisk studie om förskollärares erfarande av deltagande i leken." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9380.
Повний текст джерелаArntzen, Kamilla, and Jennie Hallberg. ""Den vuxnes roll är att lyfta leken en dimension eller bara observera" : En fenomenorgafisk studie om förskollärares erfarande av deltagande i leken." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9588.
Повний текст джерелаGuarnieri, Gabriele. "High dynamic range images: processing, display and perceptual quality assessment." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3121.
Повний текст джерелаThe intensity of natural light can span over 10 orders of magnitude from starlight to direct sunlight. Even in a single scene, the luminance of the bright areas can be thousands or millions of times greater than the luminance in the dark areas; the ratio between the maximum and the minimum luminance values is commonly known as dynamic range or contrast. The human visual system is able to operate in an extremely wide range of luminance conditions without saturation and at the same time it can perceive fine details which involve small luminance differences. Our eyes achieve this ability by modulating their response as a function of the local mean luminance with a process known as local adaptation. In particular, the visual sensation is not linked to the absolute luminance, but rather to its spatial and temporal variation. One consequence of the local adaptation capability of the eye is that the objects in a scene maintain their appearance even if the light source illuminating the scene changes significantly. On the other hand, the technologies used for the acquisition and reproduction of digital images are able to handle correctly a significantly smaller luminance range of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude at most. Therefore, a high dynamic range (HDR) image poses several challenges and requires the use of appropriate techniques. These elementary observations define the context in which the entire research work described in this Thesis has been performed. As indicated below, different fields have been considered; they range from the acquisition of HDR images to their display, from visual quality evaluation to medical applications, and include some developments on a recently proposed class of display equipment. An HDR image can be captured by taking multiple photographs with different exposure times or by using high dynamic range sensors; moreover, synthetic HDR images can be generated with computer graphics by means of physically-based algorithms which often involve advanced lighting simulations. An HDR image, although acquired correctly, can not be displayed on a conventional monitor. The white level of most devices is limited to a few hundred cd/m² by technological constraints, primarily linked to the power consumption and heat dissipation; the black level also has a non negligible luminance, in particular for devices based on the liquid crystal technology. However, thanks to the aforementioned properties of the human visual system, an exact reproduction of the luminance in the original scene is not strictly necessary in order to produce a similar sensation in the observer. For this purpose, dynamic range reduction algorithms have been developed which attenuate the large luminance variations in an image while preserving as far as possible the fine details. The most simple dynamic range reduction algorithms map each pixel individually with the same nonlinear function commonly known as tone mapping curve. One operator we propose, based on a modified logarithmic function, has a low computational cost and contains one single user-adjustable parameter. However, the methods belonging to this category can reduce the visibility of the details in some portions of the image. More advanced methods also take into account the pixel neighborhood. This approach can achieve a better preservation of the details, but the loss of one-to-one mapping from input luminances to display values can lead to the formation of gradient reversal effects, which typically appear as halos around the object boundaries. Different solutions to this problem have been attempted. One method we introduce is able to avoid the formation of halos and intrinsically prevents any clipping of the output display values. The method is formulated as a constrained optimization problem, which is solved efficiently by means of appropriate numerical methods. In specific applications, such as the medical one, the use of dynamic range reduction algorithms is discouraged because any artifacts introduced by the processing can lead to an incorrect diagnosis. In particular, a one-to-one mapping from the physical data (for instance, a tissue density in radiographic techniques) to the display value is often an essential requirement. For this purpose, high dynamic range displays, capable of reproducing images with a wide luminance range and possibly a higher bit depth, are under active development. Dual layer LCD displays, for instance, use two liquid crystal panels stacked one on top of the other over an enhanced backlight unit in order to achieve a dynamic range of 4 ÷ 5 orders of magnitude. The grayscale reproduction accuracy is also increased, although a “bit depth” can not be defined unambiguously because the luminance levels obtained by the combination of the two panels are partially overlapped and unevenly spaced. A dual layer LCD display, however, requires the use of complex splitting algorithms in order to generate the two images which drive the two liquid crystal panels. A splitting algorithm should compensate multiple sources of error, including the parallax introduced by the viewing angle, the gray-level clipping introduced by the limited dynamic range of the panels, the visibility of the reconstruction error, and glare effects introduced by an unwanted light scattering between the two panels. For these reasons, complex constrained optimization techniques are necessary. We propose an objective function which incorporates all the desired constraints and requirements and can be minimized efficiently by means of appropriate techniques based on multigrid methods. The quality assessment of high dynamic range images requires the development of appropriate techniques. By their own nature, dynamic range reduction algorithms change the luminance values of an image significantly and make most image fidelity metrics inapplicable. Some particular aspects of the methods can be quantified by means of appropriate operators; for instance, we introduce an expression which describes the detail attenuation introduced by a tone mapping curve. In general, a subjective quality assessment is preferably performed by means of appropriate psychophysical experiments. We conducted a set of experiments, targeted specifically at measuring the level of agreement between different users when adjusting the parameter of the modified logarithmic mapping method we propose. The experimental results show a strong correlation between the user-adjusted parameter and the image statistics, and suggest a simple technique for the automatic adjustment of this parameter. On the other hand, the quality assessment in the medical field is preferably performed by means of objective methods. In particular, task-based quality measures evaluate by means of appropriate observer studies the clinical validity of the image used to perform a specific diagnostic task. We conducted a set of observer studies following this approach, targeted specifically at measuring the clinical benefit introduced by a high dynamic range display based on the dual layer LCD technology over a conventional display with a low dynamic range and 8-bit quantization. Observer studies are often time consuming and difficult to organize; in order to increase the number of tests, the human observers can be partially replaced by appropriate software applications, known as model observers or computational observers, which simulate the diagnostic task by means of statistical classification techniques. This thesis is structured as follows. Chapter 1 contains a brief background of concepts related to the physiology of human vision and to the electronic reproduction of images. The description we make is by no means complete and is only intended to introduce some concepts which will be extensively used in the following. Chapter 2 describes the technique of high dynamic range image acquisition by means of multiple exposures. In Chapter 3 we introduce the dynamic range reduction algorithms, providing an overview of the state of the art and proposing some improvements and novel techniques. In Chapter 4 we address the topic of quality assessment in dynamic range reduction algorithms; in particular, we introduce an operator which describes the detail attenuation introduced by tone mapping curves and describe a set of psychophysical experiments we conducted for the adjustment of the parameter in the modified logarithmic mapping method we propose. In Chapter 5 we move to the topic of medical images and describe the techniques used to map the density data of radiographic images to display luminances. We point out some limitations of the current technical recommendation and propose an improvement. In Chapter 6 we describe in detail the dual layer LCD prototype and propose different splitting algorithms for the generation of the two images which drive the two liquid crystal panels. In Chapter 7 we propose one possible technique for the estimation of the equivalent bit depth of a dual layer LCD display, based on a statistical analysis of the quantization noise. Finally, in Chapter 8 we address the topic of objective quality assessment in medical images and describe a set of observer studies we conducted in order to quantify the clinical benefit introduced by a high dynamic range display. No general conclusions are offered; the breadth of the subjects has suggested to draw more focused comments at the end of the individual chapters.
XXI Ciclo
1982
Englund, Carolina, and Anna Frenell. "Service recovery på social media och dess effekt på e-observatörers köpintentioner : En kvalitativ studie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27106.
Повний текст джерелаAim: The aim of the study is to increase the understanding of how a company’s service recovery in social media, affects e-observers’ purchase intentions. Method: The aim of the study is to increase understanding, hence a qualitative method has been used. The empirical data was collected by semi-structured interviews with ten respondents. To support the interviews two scenarios has been used, including different service recovery strategies. The empirical data was further processed through thematic analysis. Result & Conclusions: The study shows that a company’s service recovery in social media, affects e-observers’ purchase intentions. Excuse, compensation and explanation are seen as the most important service recovery strategies in social media. This because all of these strategies have shown to positively affect e-observers’ purchase intentions, while a lack of these strategies has an opposite effect. Contribution of the thesis: Our study shows that a company’s service recovery in social media affects e-observers. In what way a company answers a complaining customer can have a crucial effect on the observing customers’ perception of the company, which in turn affects the e- observers’ purchase intentions. Excuse, compensation and explanation are seen as important factors when handling customer complaints. Suggestions for future research: Our suggestions for future studies is to investigate other social media than Facebook to see how e-observers are affected by a service-recovery-situation. Further, we suggest examining the impact of other service recovery strategies, besides excuse and compensation, on e-observers. It could be of interest to examine if opinions and intentions differ between different countries, i.e. a cross-cultural study. Finally, we have examined a specific subgroup (business students) and age group (16-35 years), hence we suggest examining different types of groups.
Hopkins, Alan John. "Computer simulation studies of dense suspension rheology : computational studies of model sheared fluids : elucidation, interpretation and description of the observed rheological behaviour of simple colloidal suspensions in the granulo-viscous domain by non-equilibrium particulate dynamics." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4408.
Повний текст джерелаZilic, Ada. "Signifikanta skillnader i spirometrivariabler observerad mellan en Jaeger MasterScreen och en Vyntus spirometer : En jämförelse studie mellan två olika lungfunktionsutrustningar." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84606.
Повний текст джерелаIntroduction: One of the most common measurements for assessment of pulmonary function is spirometry. It is a method that measures lung volumes and changes in lung volume over time. A complete lung function test consists of static and dynamic spirometry as well as measurement of diffusion capacity. The purpose of the study was to compare two different equipment, an older (Jaeger MasterScreen Body and PFT) and the contemporary (Vyntus Body and One) if there was any significant difference in the measurement result between the two equipment. Method and materials: The study consisted of 24 test subjects, 16 women and 8 men, all examinations were performed at the Physiological Clinic at Västerås Hospital between February and April 2020. The variables investigated and processed were vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume expression as a percentage with vital capacity (FEV%VC), total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), diffusion capacity measurement (DLCO) and alveolar ventilation (VA). Result: The results of the study showed that there was a statistical significant difference between the two equipments Jaeger and Vyntus. The lung function equipment Vyntus showed a lower measurement result on all variables. This statistical significant difference may be due to the fact that the equipment uses different measurement methods. Jaeger has a pneumotach while Vyntus has an ultrasonic sensor. Conclusion: The conclusion is that there is a systematic difference in the new Vyntus equipment. Vyntus showed lower values for all variables.
Silva, Lais Mara Caetano da. "Elaboração e validação de um instrumento de avaliação da transferência do Tratamento Diretamente Observado da tuberculose segundo a perspectiva de profissionais de saúde de nível médio e superior (ATP-IINFOC-TB)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-05052016-211603/.
Повний текст джерелаUnderstanding tuberculosis as a public health problem since the mid-1990s, the World Health Organization recommended disease control actions, among them the Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) that, together with other recommendations, is transferred and executed in different scenarios, being this transfer worthy of attention and deepening, what should be made using valid and reliable methods. This is a methodological study, which aims to develop and validate a tool, which aims to assess the transfer of the Directly Observed Treatment policy, from the perspective of health professionals, through the dimensions \"Information\", \"Knowledge\" and \"Innovation \". The study was conducted in three stages, namely: semantic validation, the first phase of the field study and the second stage of the field study. The semantic validation was attended by 24 professionals; the first phase of the field study by 101 professionals; and the second phase of the field study by 401 professionals. In the semantic validation, the instrument was adjusted according to respondent\'s suggestions, having also been removed two of the 49 items initially proposed. In the first phase of the field study, the tool had no effect floor and ceiling, and were removed 8 items with factor loadings <0.30 in Exploratory Factor Analysis. The tool showed a good Cronbach\'s alpha (?=0.872), and the dimension \"Knowledge\" presented low alpha (?=0.645). In the second phase of the field study, the effect of floor and ceiling remained absent with a low Pearson\'s coefficient of linear correlation (r), a low fit (55%) and low Cronbach\'s alpha (?=0.61) for the dimension \"Knowledge\", having the dimensions \"Information\" and \"Innovation\" reached acceptable values, and the tool showed a good Cronhbach\'s Alpha (?=0,89). The KMO and Bartlett\'s sphericity test were satisfactory, allowing the Confirmatory Factor Analysis. However, it identified a low value of model\'s fit in CFI and RMSEA (0.576 and 0.088, respectively), with a low correlation between the proposed dimensions. It was concluded that the elaborated tool is able to assess the transfer of the Directly Observed Therapy from the perspective of mid and high-level health professionals in the unidimensional form, without the use of the three dimensions originally proposed
Engel, Roxane. "The nuclear export of DNA topoisomerase iialpha in hematological myeloma cell lines as a function of drug sensitivity : clinical implications and a theoretical approach for overcoming the observed drug resistance /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001358.
Повний текст джерелаOschlisniok, Janusz [Verfasser], Martin [Gutachter] Pätzold, and Andreas [Gutachter] Eckart. "Transport of sulfuric acid in the atmosphere of Venus studied on the basis of radio signal attenuation effects observed in the Venus Express Radio Science Experiment VeRa / Janusz Oschlisniok ; Gutachter: Martin Pätzold, Andreas Eckart." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122171841X/34.
Повний текст джерелаPaula, Adriana Pereira de. "Aderência à terapêutica com antimicrobianos administrados por via oral em adultos com osteomielite." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-09102013-163716/.
Повний текст джерелаOsteomyelitis is a highly prevalent disease and a major cause of morbidity. Clinical treatment is based on appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Adherence of patients with osteomyelitis to the prescribed treatment, although critical for successful treatment, has been little studied. The aim of the study was: to measure the adherence to oral antimicrobial therapy in adult patients with osteomyelitis; to identify whether some of the factors listed in health literature were associated with non-adherence; to establish the predictive values associated with non-adherence to antimicrobial therapy in patients with osteomyelitis. We conducted a cross-sectional study, based on evaluation through indirect methods of adherence for 83 patients. We included patients receiving at least 30 days of antimicrobial use. Patients were interviewed and classified as adherent according to the Morisky questionnaire, that consists of 4 questions with dichotomous responses to assess adherence. Patients with 3 points, with high adherence. This study identified a prevalence of high adherence of 83.1% (n = 63). The multivariate logistic regression analysis did not result in multiple variables influencing adherence to treatment. Gender was the only variable with an suggested association with low adherence, male gender was more associated with low adherence than female (p = 0,053). Regarding age, data analysis showed that patients aged between 31 and 59 years had low adherence probability 68% lower than patients aged between 18 and 30 years. The high adherence observed in this study was similar than previous reported in the literature. Social and demographic factors may interfere in the adherence with patients using oral antibiotics for the treatment of osteomyelitis
Moreira, Ana Sofia Pereira. "Study of modifications induced by thermal and oxidative treatment in oligo and polysaccharides of coffee by mass spectrometry." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17074.
Повний текст джерелаOs polissacarídeos são os componentes maioritários dos grãos de café verde e torrado e da bebida de café. Os mais abundantes são as galactomananas, seguindo-se as arabinogalactanas. Durante o processo de torra, as galactomananas e arabinogalactanas sofrem modificações estruturais, as quais estão longe de estar completamente elucidadas devido à sua diversidade e à complexidade estrutural dos compostos formados. Durante o processo de torra, as galactomananas e arabinogalactanas reagem com proteínas, ácidos clorogénicos e sacarose, originando compostos castanhos de alto peso molecular contendo nitrogénio, designados de melanoidinas. As melanoidinas do café apresentam diversas atividades biológicas e efeitos benéficos para a saúde. No entanto, a sua estrutura exata e os mecanismos envolvidos na sua formação permanecem desconhecidos, bem como a relação estrutura-atividade biológica. A utilização de sistemas modelo e a análise por espectrometria de massa permitem obter uma visão global e, simultaneamente, detalhada das modificações estruturais nos polissacarídeos do café promovidas pela torra, contribuindo para a elucidação das estruturas e mecanismos de formação das melanoidinas. Com base nesta tese, oligossacarídeos estruturalmente relacionados com a cadeia principal das galactomananas, (β1→4)-Dmanotriose (Man3), e as cadeias laterais das arabinogalactanas, (α1→5)-Larabinotriose (Ara3), isoladamente ou em misturas com ácido 5-Ocafeoilquínico (5-CQA), o ácido clorogénico mais abundante nos grãos de café verde, e péptidos compostos por tirosina e leucina, usados como modelos das proteínas, foram sujeitos a tratamento térmico a seco, mimetizando o processo de torra. A oxidação induzida por radicais hidroxilo (HO•) foi também estudada, uma vez que estes radicais parecem estar envolvidos na modificação dos polissacarídeos durante a torra. A identificação das modificações estruturais induzidas por tratamento térmico e oxidativo dos compostos modelo foi feita por estratégias analíticas baseadas principalmente em espectrometria de massa, mas também em cromatografia líquida. A cromatografia de gás foi usada na análise de açúcares neutros e ligações glicosídicas. Para validar as conclusões obtidas com os compostos modelo, foram também analisadas amostras de polissacarídeos do café obtidas a partir de resíduo de café e café instantâneo. Os resultados obtidos a partir dos oligossacarídeos modelo quando submetidos a tratamento térmico (seco), assim como à oxidação induzida por HO• (em solução), indicam a ocorrência de despolimerização, o que está de acordo com estudos anteriores que reportam a despolimerização das galactomananas e arabinogalactanas do café durante a torra. Foram ainda identificados outros compostos resultantes da quebra do anel de açúcares formados durante o tratamento térmico e oxidativo da Ara3. Por outro lado, o tratamento térmico a seco dos oligossacarídeos modelo (individualmente ou quando misturados) promoveu a formação de oligossacarídeos com um maior grau de polimerização, e também polissacarídeos com novos tipos de ligações glicosídicas, evidenciando a ocorrência de polimerização através reações de transglicosilação não enzimática induzidas por tratamento térmico a seco. As reações de transglicosilação induzidas por tratamento térmico a seco podem ocorrer entre resíduos de açúcares provenientes da mesma origem, mas também de origens diferentes com formação de estruturas híbridas, contendo arabinose e manose como observado nos casos dos compostos modelo usados. Os resultados obtidos a partir de amostras do resíduo de café e de café instantâneo sugerem a presença de polissacarídeos híbridos nestas amostras de café processado, corroborando a ocorrência de transglicosilação durante o processo de torra. Além disso, o estudo de misturas contendo diferentes proporções de cada oligossacarídeo modelo, mimetizando regiões do grão de café com composição distinta em polissacarídeos, sujeitos a diferentes períodos de tratamento térmico, permitiu inferir que diferentes estruturas híbridas e não híbridas podem ser formadas a partir das arabinogalactanas e galactomananas, dependendo da sua distribuição nas paredes celulares do grão e das condições de torra. Estes resultados podem explicar a heterogeneidade de estruturas de melanoidinas formadas durante a torra do café. Os resultados obtidos a partir de misturas modelo contendo um oligossacarídeo (Ara3 ou Man3) e 5-CQA sujeitas a tratamento térmico a seco, assim como de amostras provenientes do resíduo de café, mostraram a formação de compostos híbridos compostos por moléculas de CQA ligadas covalentemente a um número variável de resíduos de açúcar. Além disso, os resultados obtidos a partir da mistura contendo Man3 e 5-CQA mostraram que o CQA atua como catalisador das reações de transglicosilação. Por outro lado, nas misturas modelo contendo um péptido, mesmo contendo também 5-CQA e sujeitas ao mesmo tratamento, observou-se uma diminuição na extensão das reações transglicosilação. Este resultado pode explicar a baixa extensão das reações de transglicosilação não enzimáticas durante a torra nas regiões do grão de café mais ricas em proteínas, apesar dos polissacarídeos serem os componentes maioritários dos grãos de café. A diminuição das reações de transglicosilação na presença de péptidos/proteínas pode dever-se ao facto de os resíduos de açúcares redutores reagirem preferencialmente com os grupos amina de péptidos/proteínas por reação de Maillard, diminuindo o número de resíduos de açúcares redutores disponíveis para as reações de transglicosilação. Além dos compostos já descritos, uma diversidade de outros compostos foram formados a partir dos sistemas modelo, nomeadamente derivados de desidratação formados durante o tratamento térmico a seco. Em conclusão, a tipificação das modificações estruturais promovidas pela torra nos polissacarídeos do café abre o caminho para a compreensão dos mecanismos de formação das melanoidinas e da relação estrutura-atividade destes compostos.
Polysaccharides are the major components of green and roasted coffee beans, and coffee brew. The most abundant ones are galactomannans, followed by arabinogalactans. During the roasting process, galactomannans and arabinogalactans undergo structural modifications that are far to be completely elucidated due to their diversity and complexity of the compounds formed. During the roasting process, galactomannans and arabinogalactans react with proteins, chlorogenic acids, and sucrose, originating high molecular weight brown compounds containing nitrogen, known as melanoidins. Several biological activities and beneficial health effects have been attributed to coffee melanoidins. However, their exact structures and the mechanisms involved in their formation remain unknown, as well as the structure-biological activity relationship. The use of model systems and mass spectrometry analysis allow to obtain an overall view and, simultaneously, detailed, of the structural modifications in coffee polysaccharides promoted by roasting, contributing to the elucidation of the structures and formation mechanisms of melanoidins. Based on this thesis, oligosaccharides structurally related to the backbone of galactomannans, (β1→4)-D-mannotriose, and the side chains of arabinogalactans, (α1→5)-Larabinotriose, alone or in mixtures with 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, the most abundant chlorogenic acid in green coffee beans, and dipeptides composed by tyrosine and leucine, used as models of proteins, were submitted to dry thermal treatments, mimicking the coffee roasting process. The oxidation induced by hydroxyl radicals (HO•) was also studied, since these radicals seem to be involved in the modification of the polysaccharides during roasting. The identification of the structural modifications induced by thermal and oxidative treatment of the model compounds was performed mostly by mass spectrometry-based analytical strategies, but also using liquid chromatography. Gas chromatography was used in the analysis of neutral sugars and glycosidic linkages. To validate the conclusions achieved with the model compounds, coffee polysaccharide samples obtained from spent coffee grounds and instant coffee were also analysed. The results obtained from the model oligosaccharides when submitted to thermal treatment (dry) or oxidation induced by HO• (in solution) indicate the occurrence of depolymerization, which is in line with previous studies reporting the depolymerization of coffee galactomannans and arabinogalactans during roasting. Compounds resulting from sugar ring cleavage were also formed during thermal treatment and oxidative treatment of Ara3. On the other hand, the dry thermal treatment of the model oligosaccharides (alone or when mixed) promoted the formation of oligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerization, and also polysaccharides with new type of glycosidic linkages, evidencing the occurrence of polymerization via non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions induced by dry thermal treatment. The transglycosylation reactions induced by dry thermal treatment can occur between sugar residues from the same origin, but also of different origins, with formation of hybrid structures, containing arabinose and mannose in the case of the model compounds used. The results obtained from spent coffee grounds and instant coffee samples suggest the presence of hybrid polysaccharides in these processed coffee samples, corroborating the occurrence of transglycosylation during the roasting process. Furthermore, the study of mixtures containing different proportions of each model oligosaccharide, mimicking coffee bean regions with distinct polysaccharide composition, subjected to different periods of thermal treatment, allowed to infer that different hybrid and non-hybrid structures may be formed from arabinogalactans and galactomannans, depending on their distribution in the bean cell walls and on roasting conditions. These results may explain the heterogeneity of melanoidins structures formed during coffee roasting. The results obtained from model mixtures containing an oligosaccharide (Ara3 or Man3) and 5-CQA and subjected to dry thermal treatment, as well as samples derived from spent coffee grounds, showed the formation of hybrid compounds composed by CQA molecules covalently linked to a variable number of sugar residues. Moreover, the results obtained from the mixture containing Man3 and 5-CQA showed that CQA acts as catalyst of transglycosylation reactions. On the other hand, in the model mixtures containing a peptide, even if containing 5-CQA and subjected to the same treatment, it was observed a decrease in the extent of transglycosylation reactions. This outcome can explain the low extent of non-enzymatic transglycosylation reactions during roasting in coffee bean regions enriched in proteins, although polysaccharides are the major components of the coffee beans. The decrease of transglycosylation reactions in the presence of peptides/proteins can be related with the preferential reactivity of reducing residues with the amino groups of peptides/proteins by Maillard reaction, decreasing the number of reducing residues available to be directly involved in the transglycosylation reactions. In addition to the compounds already described, a diversity of other compounds were formed from model systems, namely dehydrated derivatives formed during dry thermal treatment. In conclusion, the identification of the structural modifications in coffee polysaccharides promoted by roasting pave the way to the understanding of the mechanisms of formation of melanoidins and structure-activity relationship of these compounds.
Lorsakul, Auranuch. "Objective Assessment of Image Quality: Extension of Numerical Observer Models to Multidimensional Medical Imaging Studies." Thesis, 2015. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8Z60NB4.
Повний текст джерелаLeydesdorff, Loet. "The Biological Metaphor of a Second-Order Observer and the Sociological Discourse. Kybernetes 35 (3/4) (2006), 531-546." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106240.
Повний текст джерелаPurpose: In the tradition of Spencer Brown’s (1969) Laws of Form, observation was defined in Luhmann’s (1984) social systems theory as the designation of a distinction. In the sociological design, however, the designation specifies only a category for the observation. The distinction between observation and expectation enables the sociologist to appreciate the processing of meaning in social systems. Design: The specification of “the observer” in the tradition of systems theory is analyzed in historical detail. Inconsistencies and differences in perspectives are explicated, and the specificity of human language is further specified. The processing of meaning in social systems adds another layer to the communication. Findings: Reflexivity about the different perspectives of participant observers and an external observer is fundamental to the sociological discourse. The ranges of possible observations from different perspectives can be considered as second-order observations or equivalently as the specification of an uncertainty in the observations. This specification of an uncertainty provides us with an expectation. The expectation can be provided with (one or more) values by observations. The significance of observations can be tested when the expectations are properly specified. Value: The expectations (second-order observations) are structured and therefore systemic attributes to the discourse. However, the metaphor of a (meta-)biological observer has disturbed the translation of social systems theory into sociological discourse. Different discourses specify other expectations about possible observations. By specifying second-order observations as expectations, social systems theory.
Guo, Lei active 21st century. "The political economy of U.S. alternative press : case studies of The nation and The Texas observer." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-05-1277.
Повний текст джерелаtext
Min, InCheol. "The alternative press and its readers producers' perceptions of their readers and the readership survey of the Texas Observer /." 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3099498.
Повний текст джерела"Shifts in Attitude Towards Disability Observed Through Seven German Films." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.8722.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
M.A. German 2010