Дисертації з теми "Nutritional stre"
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CARRIERI, BARBARA. "The role of nutritional factors in cognitive aging of older adults." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/287761.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last century, due to progresses made by medicine, public health and social-economic conditions, life expectancy at birth increased in high income countries, including Italy, from 45 years to more than 80 years. Aging is a risk factor for chronic diseases which are mistakenly considered an unavoidable stage of aging. The increase in the prevalence of these diseases at a young age means that they are also related to an inadequate lifestyle. In this regard, the reduction of risk factors for certain chronic diseases can lead to a significant reduction in the risk of developing them. The prevalence of cognitive impairment increases with age, and in one third of the cases, it worsens to dementia which is a highly disabling condition associated with high healthcare and society costs. From a public health perspective, it is of primary importance to try to prevent or postpone the onset of cognitive decline and to try to slow its progression to dementia. Given that no pharmacologic treatment can prevent or delay cognitive impairment and dementia, it is mandatory try to intervene on modifiable risk factors, such as nutrition. Oxidative stress appears to play a key role in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline and dementia. The aim of the work carried out during the PhD was to investigate the role of nutritional factors in the cognitive decline associated with aging. Particular interest was addressed to nutrients with antioxidant action such as vitamin E and polyphenolic compounds. Vitamin E, in particular α-tocopherol, is a vitamin introduced with the diet with high antioxidant potential. However, there are conflicting evidences in the literature regarding its association with cognitive decline and dementia. The PhD activity was therefore aimed at verifying the presence of an association between plasma levels of vitamin E and cognitive impairment, in the older adult population, not demented at baseline, participating in the InCHIANTI study (Aging In CHIANTI area), followed for up to 17 years. Our results confirmed the presence of an association between plasma vitamin E level and cognitive status: the increase of 10 µmol / L of vitamin E was associated with a reduced HR of cognitive impairment by 20%. In addition, the research activity carried out was aimed at investigating the role of polyphenol introduced with the diet on chronic diseases that can be risk factors for cognitive impairment. This activity led to the publication of a systematic review entitled “Systematic Review on Polyphenol Intake and Health Outcomes: Is there Sufficient Evidence to Define a Health-Promoting Polyphenol-Rich Dietary Pattern?” which focuses on another important antioxidant, polyphenols, and chronic diseases which can be risk factors for cognitive impairment. In this review we reported the inverse association between polyphenols intake, and several outcomes of health and diseases risk. Because to the high heterogeneity of the studies, it was not possible to define a recommended range of daily polyphenol intake. In conclusion, the results obtained confirmed the role of diet as a risk factor for cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is possible to recommend a diet rich in antioxidants (vitamin E and polyphenols) as a preventive strategy to promote healthy cognitive aging.
CAVALLARO, VIVIANA. "SULFUR NUTRITION AND PARTITIONING IN RICE UNDER DIFFERENT STRESS CONDITIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/881847.
Повний текст джерелаTieman, Bradley. "Grocery Store Interventions Addressing Components of Food Literacy to Improve Diet Quality: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1583998522281172.
Повний текст джерелаCARROZZINI, TATIANA. "Nutrition interventions in aging: study of coffee-derived compounds antioxidant properties in an in vitro model of ischemia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/309808.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, the people get older and older thanks to a better life-style, but consequently, carrying on pathologies typical of the old age, included aging. The aging is a complex physiological process and age-related changes are evident anatomically and physiologically in the BBB. The accumulation of oxidative damage to macromolecules by RONS and ROS in BBB can be crucial in the development and progression of different CNS pathologies. In this situation, cerebral ischemia could further alter the oxidant/antioxidant balance in favour of oxidants. In this scenario, nutrition can counteract the oxidative impacts, polyphenol-enriched diets can provide beneficial effects, preventing cognitive decline and degenerative disorders. More recently, coffee has been described as a very important source of antioxidant compounds (Ricci A. et al., 2018) but its production generates large amount of waste. According to these guidelines, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of several coffee-related compounds alone and combined together in an in vitro model of ischemia. The compounds used were: phytoextracts deriving from the waste of coffee production and enriched in specific polyphenolic components; and coffee metabolites found in plasma of people drinking coffee. The moment after reoxygenation causes a considerable increase in ROS, reaching a maximum peak within 1 hour of the restoration of normal culture conditions (Adibhatla RM et al., 2001). Therefore, for the evaluation of the antioxidant properties after OGD, the time span 0-1h immediately following recovery was chosen as the condition of greatest stress. Therefore, in order to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the coffee compound under OGD, the antioxidant pathway Nrf2 was analyzed within 0-1h, immediately following recovery. Evaluations were performed on the state of phosphorylation of Erk and Akt kinases, which if active promote Nrf2 migration in the nucleus, on the levels of the Nrf2 protein and on its intracellular distribution, and finally on the protein levels of HO-1, as one of its genes target. Furthermore, the protein Hsp70, which is involved in the control of protein folding, was also evaluated. Finally, malondialdehyde (MDA) production was measured as a marker of lipid peroxidation 24 hours after recovery. The results suggested the ability of coffee-related compounds to activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway differently and only the pre-treatment with metabolites modulated positively Hsp70. MDA results suggested that the presence of the antioxidant compounds, tested alone or combined, had a positive effect on its modulation. The results showed the antioxidant properties of phytoextracts and specific coffee metabolites, suggesting that the substances stimulate the antioxidant response by activating different pathways, which combined together in the mix, could enhance antioxidant defense. The antioxidant effect of coffee metabolites could indicate that the moderate intake of coffee every day in elderly subjects exposed to aging and greater risk of ischemic insult, could contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress by limiting reperfusion damage in the case of ischemic attacks. These defenses could be increased through the phytoextracts derived from coffee ingested as food supplements. The reuse of this waste biomass, would have a positive impact on both the economy and the ecosystem, as it would significantly reduce pollution.
Watowicz, Rosanna P. "Integrating Components of the Patient-Centered Medical Neighborhood into Nutrition Counseling for Hypertension within a Grocery Store: an Instrumental Case Study." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469053300.
Повний текст джерелаGolis, Kara L. "Corner Stores Offer Few Ingredients Needed to Prepare Healthy Recipes Promoted at Point-of-Purchase." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu152353876865209.
Повний текст джерелаHall, Elizabeth. "The Effects of a Supermarket Tour on Improvement of Nutrition Knowledge and Eating Behavior." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3333.
Повний текст джерелаLINX, MICHAEL EDMUND. "AN URBAN SUPERMARKET." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148071099.
Повний текст джерелаHoughtaling, Bailey Elizabeth. "Prioritizing Food Retailer Perspectives for Environmental Change in Food Stores to Encourage Healthy Dietary Purchases Among Low-Income Consumers in the United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/100729.
Повний текст джерелаDoctor of Philosophy
Anderson, Anjenique. "Food Store Audits: Examining Food Price, Availability, and Quailty, Before and After Relocation of Public Housing Residents." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/nutrition_theses/21.
Повний текст джерелаDejan, Prvulović. "Aluminosilikati u ishrani pilića: biohemijski parametri iantitoksični efekti." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2012. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=83265&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Повний текст джерелаThis study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with hydrated aluminosilicate (Antitoxic Nutrient-ATN), based on zeolitic ore (clinoptilolite), clay bentonite (montmorillonite),and small amounts of activated charcoal, on performance, hematological, serum, and liver biochemical parameters, as well as organ weights and meat quality in broiler chickens. The dietary addition of ATN has no adverse effects on serum and liver biochemical parameters and does not affect the normal physiological homeostasis of animals. However, the results of this study demonstrate that supplementation with 5 g/kg of ATN influenced organ weights, and chemical composition of broiler chicken meat.This study also evaluated the effectiveness of ATN to protect broilers from adverse effects of five different toxic substances (mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, and ochratoxin A, herbicide paraquat, heavy metal ions supplied as lead-acetate, and microcystis, toxin of cyanobacteria). Toxic substances induced oxidative stress and disturb normal biochemical and physiological homeostasis of different tissues and organs in poultry. The results from this study demonstrate that the biochemical variables of serum, liver, kidney, lung and other organs were negatively affected by all five toxic substances. The additionof 5 g/kg of ATN was protective against aflatoxin B1, lead-acetate, paraquat and microcystis, but not against ochratoxin A.
Strom, Alyssa. "The relationship between grocery store tours and fruit and vegetable consumption among undergraduate nutrition students." 2017. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/nutrition_theses/90.
Повний текст джерелаPodgórska, Anna. "Changes in oxidative metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana in response to ammonium nutrition." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/1098.
Повний текст джерелаHodowla roślin na podłożu zawierającym jony amonowe (NH4+) jako jedyne źródło azotu powoduje zaburzenia wzrostu większości roślin, miedzy innymi rzodkiewnika (Arabidopsis thaliana), określane jako „syndrom amonowy”. Żywienie amonowe może powodować zmiany w równowadze oksydoredukcyjnej prowadzące do zwiększonego wytwarzania reaktywnych form tlenu (ROS). Przedmiotem rozprawy doktorskiej była analiza zmian w metabolizmie oksydacyjnym rzodkiewnika podczas żywienia amonowego. Badania skupiały się na oznaczeniach zmian w wytwarzaniu i poziomie reaktywnych form tlenu, obronie antyoksydacyjnej oraz uszkodzeniach spowodowanych stresem oksydacyjnym. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono roli mitochondriów w utrzymaniu równowagi oksydoredukcyjnej. Długotrwała hodowla roślin, gdy jedynym źródłem azotu są jony amonowe, powoduje w liściach rzodkiewnika zwiększoną zwartość H2O2 i aktywuje systemy obrony antyoksydacyjnej. Stwierdzony, podwyższony poziom peroksydacji lipidów i białek utlenionych oraz aktywacja ekspresji genu UPOX (up-regulated by oxidative stress) wskazują na obecność stresu oksydacyjnego w tkankach rzodkiewnika. Może to stanowić jedną z przyczyn zahamowania wzrostu w odpowiedzi na żywienie amonowe. Zwiększone wytwarzanie ROS podczas żywienia amonowego zlokalizowano głównie na terenie mitochondriów. Wydaje się zatem, że podwyższone wytwarzanie ROS przez mitochondrialny łańcuch transportu elektronów (mtETC) może być źródłem stresu oksydacyjnego w liściach rzodkiewnika. Alternatywne szlaki mtETC, takie jak oksydaza alternatywna (AOX) oraz wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne dehydrogenazy typu II (NDin i NDex), mogą mieć znaczenie w obniżeniu wytwarzania ROS w mitochondriach roślin rosnących na pożywce z NH4+. Hodowla roślin transgenicznych Arabidopsis z wyciszoną ekspresją NDin (NDA1.2) oraz AOX1a (AS-12) na pożywce z NH4+ powodowała istotne zwiększenie stopnia utlenienie niskocząsteczkowych antyoksydantów. U roślin z nadekspresją AOX1a (XX-2) nie zaobserwowano tego efektu. Brak kompleksu I w łańcuchu oddechowym u mutanta frostbite1 (fro1) był kompensowany wzrostem ekspresji genów dehydrogenaz wewnętrznych i zewnętrznych, umożliwiając przeżycie roślin. Rośliny fro1 charakteryzowały sie niższą zawartością ROS w komórkach liści oraz silnie zahamowanym wzrostem, natomiast nie wykazywały syndromu amonowego. Wydaje się, że zmiany w apoplastowym metabolizmie ROS (niższa aktywność peroksydaz ścian komórkowych oraz obniżona zawartość dehydroaskorbinianu) mogą odpowiadać za szybszy wzrost roślin fro1 hodowanych na pożywce z jonami amonowymi w porównaniu do mutanta fro1 rosnącego na pożywce z jonami azotanowymi. Krótkotrwale żywienie amonowe (30 - 60 min) prowadziło do zmian w metabolizmie ROS u rzodkiewnika. Jednak szybka aktywacja obrony antyoksydacyjnej oraz indukcja alternatywnych szlaków mtETC stabilizowały poziom ROS i przeciwdziałały występowaniu stresu oksydacyjnego w liściach rzodkiewnika. Wykazano również, że rośliny dobrze aklimatyzowały się do zmiennej dostępności źródła azotu (NH4+ lub NO3-). Wydaje się zatem, że tylko długotrwała hodowla na pożywce zawierającej jony amonowe prowadzi do zachwiania homeostazy redoks, zwiększonego wytwarzania ROS i w konsekwencji do zahamowania wzrostu roślin.
McCreary, Tarrah Emily. "Effectiveness of a virtual grocery store tour on the confidence and ability of parents to understand and use the nutrition facts panel." 2013. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1728250.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Family and Consumer Sciences
"Food Purchasing Behavior: Choice, Change, Challenge." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.16456.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
M.S. Nutrition 2013
BÍLÁ, Veronika. "Vliv psychické zátěže a výživy na vývoj obezity u vysokoškoláků." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-138023.
Повний текст джерелаNOVÁKOVÁ, Hana. "Odpověď fotosyntetického aparátu smrku ztepilého a buku lesního na vybrané stresové podmínky - srovnávací studie." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-112118.
Повний текст джерелаHYNKOVÁ, Jana. "Životní styl diabetika." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-53700.
Повний текст джерелаSTARÁ, Zuzana. "Problematika životního stylu všeobecných sester v nepřetržitém provozu." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-364782.
Повний текст джерелаTRNOVSKÁ, Šárka. "Životní styl učitelů na druhém stupni ZŠ v Příbrami." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-375899.
Повний текст джерелаRudolf, David. "Zdravý životní styl a výživa jako prevence vzniku civilizačních nemocí." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-398204.
Повний текст джерелаPRŮCHOVÁ, Štěpánka. "Životní styl a péče o vlastní zdraví zdravotnických pracovníků." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-252923.
Повний текст джерела