Книги: "Nutrient losses"

1

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat to live: The amazing nutrient-rich program for fast and sustained weight loss. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2012.

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2

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat to live: The amazing nutrient-rich program for fast and sustained weight loss. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011.

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3

Eat to live: The amazing nutrient-rich program for fast and sustained weight loss. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011.

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4

Anti-fat nutrients: How fat-burning vitamins can help you lose weight and cholesterol too. San Francisco: Pax Pub., 1993.

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5

Stimson, Nina, ed. Herbal, Alternative and Complementary Medicines. Connecting to New Realities. Southend-On-Sea, United Kingdom: Nicholas Hall & Co, Southend-On-Sea, United Kingdom, 2007.

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6

Engelstad, Orvis P. Nutrient Mobility in Soils: Accumulation and Losses. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2015.

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7

Archer, John, and M. J. Marks. Control of Nutrient Losses to Water from Agriculture in Europe (Proceedings of the Fertiliser Society). International Fertiliser Society, 1997.

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8

Staff, International Fertiliser Society, and Karin Rather. Reduction of Nutrient Losses from Vegetable Cropping in Water Protection Zones in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. International Fertiliser Society, 2020.

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9

Nutrient Losses from Agriculture in the Nordic and Baltic Countries: Measurements in Small Agricultural Catchments and National Agro-Environmental Statistics. Nordic Council of Ministers, 2002.

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10

Schetz, Miet, and Andrew Davenport. Continuous renal replacement therapy. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0234.

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After its introduction, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has found widespread acceptance amongst physicians taking care of critically ill patients. Various modalities (haemofiltration, haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration) are used. As for all types of renal replacement therapy, a good functioning vascular access is an absolute requirement. Whether CRRT is to be preferred over intermittent haemodialysis remains a matter of debate, but haemodynamic instability and risk of cerebral oedema are generally considered indications for CRRT. Whereas under-dosing should certainly be avoided, increasing the dose over an actually delivered effluent flow of 20–25 mL/kg/hour does not appear to improve outcome.One of the major drawbacks of CRRT is the requirement for continuous anticoagulation. Citrate anticoagulation is gaining popularity and represents a valuable alternative, especially in patients with bleeding risk. Other potential complications of CRRT include thermal, nutrient, and drug losses, and acid–base and electrolyte disturbances.

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11

Losses of organic matter and nutrients by water erosion in cassava-based cropping systems. Experimental Agriculture, 1997.

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12

Losses of organic matter and nutrients by water erosion in cassava-based cropping systems. Experimental Agriculture, 1997.

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13

Kirchman, David L. Dead Zones. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197520376.001.0001.

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This book explores the many rivers, lakes, and oceans that are losing oxygen. Aquatic habitats with little dissolved oxygen are called dead zones because nothing can live there except some microbes. The number and size of dead zones are increasing worldwide. The book shows that oxygen loss causes fish kills, devastates bottom-dwelling biota, reduces biological diversity, and rearranges aquatic food webs. In the 19th century in rich countries and in poor regions today, dead zones are accompanied by waterborne diseases that kill thousands of people. The open oceans are losing oxygen because of climate change, whereas dead zones in coastal waters and seas are caused by excessive nutrients, which promote excessive growth of algae and eventually oxygen depletion. Work by Gene Turner and Nancy Rabalais demonstrated that nutrients in the Gulf of Mexico come from fertilizers used in the US Midwest, home to the most productive cropland in the world. Agriculture is also the biggest source of nutrients fuelling dead zones in the Baltic Sea and other coastal waters. Today, fertilizers contaminate drinking water and kick-start harmful algal blooms in local lakes and reservoirs. Nutrient pollution in some regions has declined because of buffer zones, cover crops, and precision agriculture, but more needs to be done. The book concludes by arguing that each of us can do our part by changing our diet; eating less, especially eating less red meat, would improve our health and the health of the environment. A better diet could reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emitted by agriculture and shrink dead zones worldwide.

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14

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat to Live: The Amazing Nutrient-Rich Program for Fast and Sustained Weight Loss. Little Brown & Company, 2011.

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15

Egreteau, Pierre-Yves, and Jean-Michel Boles. Assessing nutritional status in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0204.

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Decreased nutrient intake, increased body requirements, and/or altered nutrient utilization are frequently combined in critically-ill patients. The initial nutritional status and the extent of the disease-related catabolism are the main risk factors for nutrition- related complications. Many complications are related to protein energy malnutrition, which is frequent in the ICU setting. Assessing nutritional status pursues several different goals. Nutritional assessment is required for patients presenting with clinical evidence of malnutrition, with chronic diseases, with acute conditions accompanied by a high catabolic rate, and elderly patients. Recording the patient’s history, nutrient intake, and physical examination, and subjective global assessment allows classification of nutritional status. All the traditional markers of malnutrition, anthropometric measurements and plasma proteins, lose their specificity in the sick adult as each may be affected by a number of non-nutritional factors. Muscle function evaluated by hand-grip strength in cooperative patients and serum albumin provide an objective risk assessment. Several nutritional indices have been validated in specific groups of patients to identify patients at risk of nutritionally-mediated complications and, therefore, the need for nutritional support. A strong suspicion remains the best way of uncovering potentially harmful nutritional deficiencies.

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16

Caston, Sean. The complete guide to anti-fat nutrients: A biochemical approach to weight loss. Pax Pub, 1986.

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17

Ludwig, J., D. Tongway, K. Hodgkinson, D. Freudenberger, and J. Noble. Landscape Ecology, Function and Management. CSIRO Publishing, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643101159.

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This book encapsulates the extensive knowledge developed by CSIRO's National Rangelands Program on how rangeland landscapes function and the implications for management. It looks at the ecology of rangeland landscape processes and deals with what happens when things go wrong, when a landscape loses its ability to efficiently capture and store water and nutrients - a state the authors call dysfunctional.Ways of managing rangelands in response to understanding landscape function are also considered. The concluding Section looks to the future providing some scenarios for the way rangeland landscapes may be used in 2020.

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18

Edwards, Martin. Plankton and Global Change. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199233267.003.0007.

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Global change caused by human activities has had large consequences for the Earth's biosphere through such effects as climate warming, pollution, loss of biodiversity, unsustainable exploitation of resources, loss of habitats, and alterations to nutrient cycles. These changes have accelerated over the last 50 years as human populations have sharply grown, coupled with unsustainable economic practices. The marine pelagic realm, the habitat for planktonic organisms, is the largest ecological habitat on the planet, occupying 71% of the planetary surface. This chapter focuses on the effects of global changes caused by human activities on marine plankton. It introduces some key concepts of plankton ecology such as the ecological niche concept, plankton succession, and the use of planktonic indicators to monitor these changes.

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19

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat for Life: The Breakthrough Nutrient-Rich Program for Longevity, Disease Reversal, and Sustained Weight Loss. HarperCollins Publishers, 2020.

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20

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat for Life: The Breakthrough Nutrient-Rich Program for Longevity, Disease Reversal, and Sustained Weight Loss. Harpercollins, 2020.

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21

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat for Life: The Breakthrough Nutrient-Rich Program for Longevity, Disease Reversal, and Sustained Weight Loss. HarperCollins B and Blackstone Publishing, 2020.

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22

Esler, Karen J., Anna L. Jacobsen, and R. Brandon Pratt. Transformation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739135.003.0008.

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Extensive habitat loss and habitat conversion has occurred across all mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions, driven by increasing human populations who have converted large tracts of land to production, transport, and residential use (land-use, land-cover change) while simultaneously introducing novel forms of disturbance to natural landscapes. Remaining habitat, often fragmented and in isolated or remote (mountainous) areas, is threatened and degraded by altered fire regimes, introduction of invasive species, nutrient enrichment, and climate change. The types and impacts of these threats vary across MTC regions, but overall these drivers of change show little signs of abatement and many have the potential to interact with MTC region natural systems in complex ways.

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23

Eat to Live Cookbook: 200 Delicious Nutrient-Rich Recipes for Fast and Sustained Weight Loss, Reversing Disease, and Lifelong Health. HarperCollins Publishers, 2013.

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24

Anti-Fat Nutrients: Safe and Effective Strategies for Increasing Metabolism, Controlling Appetite, and Losing Fat in 15 Days. 4th ed. Basic Health Publications, 2004.

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25

Karneges, William, and Dallas Clouatre. Anti-Fat Nutrients: Safe and Effective Strategies for Increasing Metabolism, Controlling Appetite, and Losing Fat in 15 Days. Turner Publishing Company, 2004.

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26

Scott-Smith, Tom. On an Empty Stomach. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748653.001.0001.

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This book examines the practical techniques humanitarians have used to manage and measure starvation, from Victorian “scientific” soup kitchens to space-age, high-protein foods. Tracing the evolution of these techniques since the start of the nineteenth century, the book argues that humanitarianism is not a simple story of progress and improvement, but rather is profoundly shaped by sociopolitical conditions. Aid is often presented as an apolitical and technical project, but the way humanitarians conceive and tackle human needs has always been deeply influenced by culture, politics, and society. These influences extend down to the most detailed mechanisms for measuring malnutrition and providing sustenance. As the book shows, over the past century, the humanitarian approach to hunger has redefined food as nutrients and hunger as a medical condition. Aid has become more individualized, medicalized, and rationalized, shaped by modernism in bureaucracy, commerce, and food technology. The book focuses on the gains and losses that result, examining the complex compromises that arise between efficiency of distribution and quality of care. It concludes that humanitarian groups have developed an approach to the empty stomach that is dependent on compact, commercially produced devices and is often paternalistic and culturally insensitive.

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27

Fuhrman, Joel. Eat to Live Cookbook: 200 Delicious Nutrient-Rich Recipes for Fast and Sustained Weight Loss, Reversing Disease, and Lifelong Health. HarperCollins Publishers, 2013.

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28

Eat to live cookbook: 200 delicious nutrient-rich recipes for fast and sustained weight loss, reversing disease, and lifelong health. 2013.

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29

Espinosa, Geovanni, and Ralph Esposito. Midlife and Beyond (DRAFT). Edited by Madeleine M. Castellanos. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190225889.003.0005.

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Androgen deficiency, low testosterone, or, its newest name, andropause, is becoming a common issue among men, with estimates suggesting 6% to 12% of men experiencing this syndrome. Aside from low androgen levels, men may present with significant symptoms including sexual dysfunction, low libido, infertility, muscle loss, and overall malaise. The causes of andropause are multifactorial, ranging from physiological dysfunction to lifestyle, nutritional, environmental, and emotional influences. Given that the conventional treatment for andropause is exogenous testosterone replacement, the underlying causes may not fully be addressed. This chapter exposes the underlying causes of andropause, identifying not only the biochemical and biophysiological aspects but also the various insufficiencies and functional imbalances that may contribute. Further, precise therapeutic botanicals, nutrients, exercise, and dietary modifications are discussed specific to improving male hormone status and its effect on sexual health.

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30

Mason, John. Sustainable Agriculture. CSIRO Publishing, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643091054.

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The technological revolution in farming practices has allowed us to clear and cultivate more land, grow plants and animals faster, and kill a greater variety of pests and diseases than ever before. Unfortunately, these efficiencies are proving to be unsustainable in the long term and have created problems such as soil structural decline, erosion, salinity, soil acidification, loss of fertility, nutrient loading of waterways, dams and a build up of chemical residues. This book is about foreseeing and understanding such problems and addressing them before it is too late. John Mason examines all these problems and explains the concepts and long-term benefits of sustainable farming systems such as permaculture, biodynamics, organic farming, agroforestry, conservation tillage, and integrated hydroculture. Sustainable Agriculture 2nd Edition also looks at important issues such as monoculture versus polyculture, the use of hybrids, selection criteria for plants and stock, integrated pest management and preparing a farm for droughts and floods. Other areas examined include diversifying into farm tourism and value adding before selling produce.

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31

Brönmark, Christer, and Lars-Anders Hansson. The Biology of Lakes and Ponds. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198713593.001.0001.

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The Biology of Lakes and Ponds focuses on the interactions between the abiotic frame, such as turbulence, temperature, pH and nutrients, and the organisms, including interactions with and among organisms at the individual, population and community level. The book fills this niche between traditional limnology and evolutionary ecology by focusing on physiological, morphological and behavioural adaptations among organisms to abiotic and biotic factors and how interactions between biotic processes and abiotic constraints determine the structure and dynamics of lake and pond systems. In addition, the book describes and analyses the causes and consequences of human activities on freshwater organisms and ecosystems and covers longstanding environmental threats, such as eutrophication and acidification, as well as novel threats, such as biodiversity loss, use of everyday chemicals and global climate change. However, also signs of improvement and the possibilities to restore degraded ecosystems are discussed and provide hope for future generations.

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32

Gluckman, Sir Peter, Mark Hanson, Chong Yap Seng, and Anne Bardsley. Effects of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722700.003.0034.

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Maternal age on both ends of the reproductive spectrum (teenage and 35+) is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, as compared with the age range from 20–34 years old. Some of the increase in pregnancy complications in older mothers is caused by underlying age-related health issues such as hypertension and diabetes, the prevalence of which increases linearly with age. The risks associated with young maternal age are more related to nutritional deficits and the fact that pregnant adolescents may still be growing themselves. Poor fetal growth often seen in adolescent pregnancies possibly results from competition for nutrients. Maternal bone loss is also a concern, as adolescent diets are commonly low in calcium and vitamin D. Pregnant adolescents may benefit from calcium supplementation to compensate for the increased need for their own bone growth and should at minimum receive vitamin D supplements, as recommended for all pregnant women.

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33

Heyland, Daren K., and Marina Mourtzakis. Malnutrition in Critical Illness: Implications, Causes, and Therapeutic Approaches. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0036.

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Malnutrition is generally defined as an inadequate intake of nutrients or calories for appropriate physiological functioning. Undernourishment specifically refers to hypocaloric intake as well as reduced macro- and micronutrient intakes relative to the calculated recommendation for a patient. This chapter discusses the undernourishment of the critically ill patient and its attendant physiological and clinical consequences. Achieving 80–90% of prescribed protein and calories is both achievable and is associated with the beneficial physiological and clinical outcomes in a significant proportion of patients. Strategies to maximize these benefits as well as minimizing the risk of enteral nutrition are essential. These should include early initiation of enteral nutrition (within 24–48 hours), adoption of second-generation feeding protocols, use of motility agents, small bowel feeding tubes, and elevation of the head of the bed. Given the encouraging results of early mobilization, it could be hypothesized that combining early mobilization and nutrition interventions would limit muscle mass loss and maintain muscle integrity and function in critically ill patients.

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34

Randall, Nicola, and Barbara Smith. The Biology of Agroecosystems. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198737520.001.0001.

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The Biology of Agroecosystems provides an introduction to the biological and ecological attributes of ecosystems and the biological impacts of agriculture on the wider environment. Global human populations are rising and diets are becoming ever more complicated, leading to requirements for increased levels of food production. Natural biotopes are becoming increasingly fragmented as agricultural activities expand around them. Agroecosystems occur from the tropics to subarctic environments and comprise systems as varied as annual crops, perennial grasslands, orchards, and agroforestry systems. They presently cover almost 40 per cent of the terrestrial land surface and significantly shape landscapes at a global scale. The book outlines the origin and development of agriculture and summarizes the characteristics of different types of agroecosystems. The conflicts between management of land for productivity and conservation of natural resources are discussed, and some of the key biological issues (loss of biodiversity, instability, susceptibility to pests, for example) are explored. Individual chapters introduce the role of functional groups such as pollinators, nutrient cycling organisms, and pest regulators; the importance of soils and soil organisms for agriculture; and the biological impacts of water use in agroecosystems. Globalization of agriculture is explored, and includes drivers of change, such as shifting diets, and biological challenges, such as the spread of pest species. The final chapters outline different management methods for sustainable management of agroecosystems, and consider the future challenges and opportunities for agriculture and the biology of agroecosystems.

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35

Casaer, Michael P., and Greet Van den Berghe. Nutrition support in acute cardiac care. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0032.

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Malnutrition in cardiac and critical illness is associated with a compromised clinical outcome. The aim of nutrition therapy is to prevent these complications and particularly to attenuate lean tissue wasting and the loss of muscle force and of physical function. During the last decade, several well-powered randomized controlled nutrition trials have been performed. Their results challenge the existing nutrition practices in critically ill patients. Enhancing the nutritional intake and the administration of specialized formulations failed to evoke clinical benefit. Some interventions even provoked an increased mortality or a delayed recovery. These unexpected new findings might be, in part, caused by an important leap forward in the methodological quality in the recent trials. Perhaps reversing early catabolism in the critically ill patient by nutrition or anabolic interventions is impossible or even inappropriate. Nutrients effectively suppress the catabolic intracellular autophagy pathway. But autophagy is crucial for cellular integrity and function during metabolic stress, and consequently its inhibition early in critical illness might be deleterious. Evidence from large nutrition trials, particularly in acute cardiac illness, is scarce. Nutrition therapy is therefore focused on avoiding iatrogenic harm. Some enteral nutrition is administered if possible and eventually temporary hypocaloric feeding is tolerated. Above all, the refeeding syndrome and other nutrition-related complications should be prevented. There is no indication for early parenteral nutrition, increased protein doses, specific amino acids, or modified lipids in critical illness.

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36

Casaer, Michael P., and Greet Van den Berghe. Nutrition support in acute cardiac care. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0032_update_001.

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Malnutrition in cardiac and critical illness is associated with a compromised clinical outcome. The aim of nutrition therapy is to prevent these complications and particularly to attenuate lean tissue wasting and the loss of muscle force and of physical function. During the last decade, several well-powered randomized controlled nutrition trials have been performed. Their results challenge the existing nutrition practices in critically ill patients. Enhancing the nutritional intake and the administration of specialized formulations failed to evoke clinical benefit. Some interventions even provoked an increased mortality or a delayed recovery. These unexpected new findings might be, in part, caused by an important leap forward in the methodological quality in the recent trials. Perhaps reversing early catabolism in the critically ill patient by nutrition or anabolic interventions is impossible or even inappropriate. Nutrients effectively suppress the catabolic intracellular autophagy pathway. But autophagy is crucial for cellular integrity and function during metabolic stress, and consequently its inhibition early in critical illness might be deleterious. Evidence from large nutrition trials, particularly in acute cardiac illness, is scarce. Nutrition therapy is therefore focused on avoiding iatrogenic harm. Some enteral nutrition is administered if possible and eventually temporary hypocaloric feeding is tolerated. Above all, the refeeding syndrome and other nutrition-related complications should be prevented. There is no indication for early parenteral nutrition, increased protein doses, specific amino acids, or modified lipids in critical illness.

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37

Casaer, Michael P., and Greet Van den Berghe. Nutrition support in acute cardiac care. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0032_update_002.

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Анотація:

Malnutrition in cardiac and critical illness is associated with a compromised clinical outcome. The aim of nutrition therapy is to prevent these complications and particularly to attenuate lean tissue wasting and the loss of muscle force and of physical function. During the last decade, several well-powered randomized controlled nutrition trials have been performed. Their results challenge the existing nutrition practices in critically ill patients. Enhancing the nutritional intake and the administration of specialized formulations failed to evoke clinical benefit. Some interventions even provoked an increased mortality or a delayed recovery. These unexpected new findings might be, in part, caused by an important leap forward in the methodological quality in the recent trials. Perhaps reversing early catabolism in the critically ill patient by nutrition or anabolic interventions is impossible or even inappropriate. Nutrients effectively suppress the catabolic intracellular autophagy pathway. But autophagy is crucial for cellular integrity and function during metabolic stress, and consequently its inhibition early in critical illness might be deleterious. Evidence from large nutrition trials, particularly in acute cardiac illness, is scarce. Nutrition therapy is therefore focused on avoiding iatrogenic harm. Some enteral nutrition is administered if possible and eventually temporary hypocaloric feeding is tolerated. Above all, the refeeding syndrome and other nutrition-related complications should be prevented. There is no indication for early parenteral nutrition, increased protein doses, specific amino acids, or modified lipids in critical illness.

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38

Ellison, Aaron, and Lubomír Adamec, eds. Carnivorous Plants. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.001.0001.

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Carnivorous plants have fascinated botanists, evolutionary biologists, ecologists, physiologists, developmental biologists, anatomists, horticulturalists, and the general public for centuries. Charles Darwin was the first scientist to demonstrate experimentally that some plants could actually attract, kill, digest, and absorb nutrients from insect prey; his book Insectivorous Plants (1875) remains a widely cited classic. Subsequent monographs by Lloyd (1942) and Juniper et al. (1989) summarized and synthesized available scientific data on these remarkable plants. Scientific investigations and understanding of carnivorous plants has evolved and changed dramatically in the nearly 30 years since Juniper et al’s Carnivorous Plants was published, and thousands of scientific papers on carnivorous plants have appeared in the academic literature. In putting together this fourth major work on the biology of carnivorous plants, Ellison and Adamec have assembled the world’s leading experts to provide a truly modern synthesis. The contributing authors examine every aspect of systematics, physiology, biochemistry, genomics, ecology, and evolution of what Darwin called ‘the most wonderful plants in the world,’ and describe the serious threats they now face from over-collection, poaching, habitat loss, and climatic change, which directly threaten their habitats and continued persistence in them. This accessible text is suitable for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers in plant biology, ecology, and evolutionary biology. It will also be of relevance and use to horticulturalists and carnivorous plant enthusiasts.

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39

Levy, Sharon. The Marsh Builders. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190246402.001.0001.

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Swamps and marshes once covered vast stretches of the North American landscape. The destruction of these habitats, long seen as wastelands that harbored deadly disease, accelerated in the twentieth century. Today, the majority of the original wetlands in the US have vanished, transformed into farm fields or buried under city streets. In The Marsh Builders, Sharon Levy delves into the intertwined histories of wetlands loss and water pollution. The book's springboard is the tale of a years-long citizen uprising in Humboldt County, California, which led to the creation of one of the first U.S. wetlands designed to treat city sewage. The book explores the global roots of this local story: the cholera epidemics that plagued nineteenth-century Europe; the researchers who invented modern sewage treatment after bumbling across the insight that microbes break down pollutants in water; the discovery that wetlands act as efficient filters for the pollutants unleashed by modern humanity. More than forty years after the passage of the Clean Water Act launched a nation-wide effort to rescue lakes, rivers and estuaries fouled with human and industrial waste, the need for revived wetlands is more urgent than ever. Waters from Lake Erie and Chesapeake Bay to China's Lake Taihu are tainted with an overload of nutrients carried in runoff from farms and cities, creating underwater dead zones and triggering algal blooms that release toxins into drinking water sources used by millions of people. As the planet warms, scientists are beginning to design wetlands that can shield coastal cities from rising seas. Revived wetlands hold great promise for healing the world's waters.

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