Дисертації з теми "Nucleoid Organization"
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Floc'h, Kevin. "Etude de l'organisation et de la dynamique du nucléoïde de Deinococcus radiodurans par microscopie de fluorescence avancée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV007/document.
Повний текст джерелаDuring this PhD work, we have studied on D. radiodurans, a coccus, known for its intriguing outstanding resistance to different stress factors. Studies on D. radiodurans have been mainly focusing on its tremendous radioresistance. 52 years after its discovery, its nucleoid organization/segregation as well as its cell morphology during its cell cycle still remain elusive. Most of our knowledge on the bacteria shape during division and on the nucleoid organization/segregation arises from the study of a small number of “model bacteria”, that are mainly rod-shaped or ovoid. In contrast, little is known on the nucleoid organization/segregation of cocci. Moreover, the small relative size of bacteria and of their nucleoids (<1µm3) has limited their studies by conventional microscopy.Thus, one of the aims of this PhD project is to contribute to a better understanding of the cell morphology and the nucleoid organization/segregation in cocci. For that matter, we explored the 4D organization and the dynamics of D. radiodurans nucleoids, as a function of the cell cycle progression and growth phase. In order to achieve the objective of this PhD, several strategies were undertaken: (i) timelapse 3D stacks by spinning confocal microscopy (ii) dynamics studies with FRAP analysis and SptPALM acquisitions, and (iii) cartographies of nucleoid associated proteins using super-resolution microscopy (PALM)
Rigoni, Giovanni. "ATAD3 protein family: Molecular dissection of the ATAD3A dual role on the maintenance of mitochondrial ultrastructure and mtDNA-Nucleoid organization." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423185.
Повний текст джерелаO'Brien, Brendan John. "The architecture, connectivity and organization of Macaca inferior pulvinar /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10655.
Повний текст джерелаBerger, Imre. "Supramolecular organization of DNA and proteins in eukaryotic nuclei." Zürich : ETH - Department of Biology, 2005. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=habil&nr=21.
Повний текст джерелаHöger, Geralin. "Self-Organization of β-Peptide Nucleic Acid Helices for Membrane Scaffolding". Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0003-C187-A.
Повний текст джерелаJuha, Mikael Lintuluoto. "Self-organization and Dynamic Molecular Recognition of Nucleoside Derivatives through Hydrogen Bonding." Kyoto University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202325.
Повний текст джерелаAnderson, Shirley Victoria. "The nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of the potato mop-top virus RNA-2 molecule." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334531.
Повний текст джерелаNiranjan, Shalini S. "Potential mismatches in structural and functional organization in the gracile nucleus." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1223921577.
Повний текст джерелаPuig, Giribets Marta. "Evolution of the hsp70 gene family at the nucleotide, genome organization and gene expression levels in Drosophila subobscura." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663952.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous studies have confirmed the adaptive value of the rich chromosomal inversion polymorphism in the drosophilid D. subobscura. However, until recently very little was known about the molecular basis behind its maintenance in natural populations. In search of candidate loci, a previous heat shock experiment quantified Hsp70 protein levels in homokaryotypic strains for the OST, O3+4+8 and O3+4 arrangements. Unexpectedly, individuals of the warm climate-associated O3+4 arrangement showed increased levels in absence of thermal stress that did not boost after the heat shock. Unfortunately, by the time this experiment was performed there was very little data available on the molecular organization of the Hsp70IR locus in D. subobscura. The previously mentioned results led to the present thesis work, whose objectives are to locate the Hsp70IR locus in the karyotype and to know the genomic organization, molecular characteristics and gene expression patterns in several representative chromosomal arrangements that comprise the genomic region where the hsp70 gene family is located: O3+4+16+2, O3+4+8, O3+4 and OST. Using the sequence of a clone from an OST line genomic library and contigs from the unassembled genome of D. subobscura, we designed a probe from the hsp70 coding region that enabled us to determine the location of the locus by in situ (ISH) hybridization. Concomitantly, we completed the sequencing of a 9-10 kb region in the Hsp70IR locus in 12 lines isogenic for the aforementioned arrangements and in D. madeirensis and D. guanche to shed light on the evolution of this locus in the last 1.8 - 2.8 million years (myr). ISH results showed a single hybridization site in the 94A band in the distal segment (SI) of the O chromosome coincident in the 4 studied karyotypes: O3+4+16+2, O3+4+8, O3+4 and OST. The sequences corresponding to the 12 isogenic lines and to D. madeirensis and D. guanche indicated that in these three species of the subobscura cluster, the Hsp70IR locus consists of two 2.5 - 3.0 kb long paralogous copies in divergent orientation separated by a 0.5 - 1.4 kb nonduplicated central spacer region. The two copies show a high degree of conservation between the different gene arrangements and species analyzed, while the central spacer region is highly polymorphic. Among the most relevant aspects of polymorphism analyses, we highlight the high degree of conservation in the coding regions (CDSs) and the cis-regulatory elements (CREs) in the proximal promoter of all the analyzed hsp70 genes, which might indicate that these are functional in all studied lines, and that their regulation might be similar. Curiously, at the sequence level, the paralogous 5'-UTR and CDS regions tend to be significantly more similar within the same arrangement and, in some cases, within the same line, probably as a result of ectopic gene conversion. Lastly, we carried out the quantification of basal hsp70 mRNA and protein levels in adult males and females of six lines isogenic for the cold climate-associated OST and six for the warm climate-associated O3+4 arrangements. Basal mRNA quantification results indicate that the two arrangements exhibit similar levels, yet significant differences are observed between males and females of the warm O3+4 arrangement. Regarding the quantification of basal Hsp70 protein levels, these suggest that there are no differences between sexes nor between the two arrangements, but instead we observe a significant interaction between sex and arrangement. Overall, the results for both, mRNA and protein data, indicate that hsp70 expression might be influenced by sex.
Highett, Martin I. "The organization of ribosomal DNA and transcripts in Pisum sativum nucleoli : a study using 3-D confocal microscopy." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332081.
Повний текст джерелаHöger, Geralin [Verfasser], Ulf [Akademischer Betreuer] Diederichsen, Ulf [Gutachter] Diederichsen та Claudia [Gutachter] Steinem. "Self-Organization of β-Peptide Nucleic Acid Helices for Membrane Scaffolding / Geralin Höger ; Gutachter: Ulf Diederichsen, Claudia Steinem ; Betreuer: Ulf Diederichsen". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192512081/34.
Повний текст джерелаQaisar, Rizwan. "Myonuclear Organization and Regulation of Muscle Contraction in Single Muscle Fibres : Effects of Ageing, Gender, Species, Endocrine Factors and Muscle Size." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Klinisk neurofysiologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167723.
Повний текст джерелаBassell, Gary J. "Development and Application of Ultrastructural in Situ Hybridization to Visualize the Spatial Organization of mRNA: a Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 1992. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/153.
Повний текст джерелаGarnier, Thierry. "Etudes moleculaires, organisation genetique et replication du plasmide bacteriocinogene pip404 de clostridium perfringens." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077058.
Повний текст джерелаBracchi, Valérie. "Identification et caractérisation moléculaire d'une nouvelle protéine kinase de Plasmodium falciparum (pfKIN) exprimée préférentiellement au stade gamétocyte." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10191.
Повний текст джерелаBlanchetot, Alain. "Organisation, structure et comparaison du gène de la myoglobine (mb) chez les mammifères." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066602.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Hsu-Ching. "Etude des genes de trna mitochondriaux d'arabidopsis thaliana." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13131.
Повний текст джерелаChaubet, Nicole. "Structure, organisation et expression des genes d'histones h3 et h4 chez le mais." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13056.
Повний текст джерелаChabouté, Marie-Edith. "Structure, organisation et expression des genes d'histones h3 et h4 chez arabidopsis (heyhn)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13095.
Повний текст джерелаMaschat, Florence. "Analyse de la structure et des sequences de regulation d'un gene induit par l'ecdysone chez drosophila melanogaster." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077054.
Повний текст джерелаMorch, Marie-Dominique. "Organisation et expression genetiques du virus de la mosaique jaune du navet : contribution a l'etude des strategies d'expression des virus a arn, a la discussion de leur variabilite et a l'elaboration de strategies de protection." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077124.
Повний текст джерелаNAM, THAM TO. "Organisation des transcrits et sequence nucleotidique de la region sali-f du genome du fv 3 (frog virus 3)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13060.
Повний текст джерелаDelmas, Véronique. "Structure et proprietes biologiques du papovavirus de hamster." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066550.
Повний текст джерелаAlbrecht, Huguette. "Les produits des genes i et iv du virus de la mosaique du chou-fleur (camv)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13178.
Повний текст джерелаMishra, Anup. "Targeting RAD51C Pathological Mutants by Synthetic Lethality and Extended Functions of RAD51C/XRCC3 in Mitochondrial Genome Maintenance." Thesis, 2017. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4155.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Bo-Hong, and 黃伯弘. "COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE AND GENE ORGANIZATION OF THE COLE7-K317 PLASMID." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90938498002685129595.
Повний текст джерелаStimpson, Woodlief Kaitlin Marie. "Epigenomic Mechanisms of Centromere Function and Chromosome Rearrangements." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/5776.
Повний текст джерелаThe centromere is essential for chromosome segregation and genome stability. It is the site of kinetochore assembly and chromosome attachment to the spindle microtubules, and it is important for chromosome movement during mitosis and meiosis. Normal human chromosomes have one centromere, but genome rearrangements that occur with instability, aging, and disease often result in chromosomes with two centromeres, called dicentrics. Nearly seventy-five years ago, Barbara McClintock demonstrated that dicentric chromosomes in plants are associated with instability through mitotic "breakage-fusion-bridge" cycles. However, human dicentrics are unusually stable due to the poorly understood phenomenon of centromere inactivation. Centromere inactivation has been primarily studied in patient-derived dicentrics, limiting the derivation of a molecular pathway. Key centromere and kinetochore proteins are not present at inactive centromeres, but beyond these observations, the process of centromere inactivation is unclear. Epigenetic and sequence-dependent factors are known to contribute to centromere specification, but requirements for centromere assembly, maintenance, and suppression remain obscure. The aims of this research were to (1) determine the mechanism(s) by which de novo dicentric chromosomes are stabilized, (2) ascertain the factors influencing the involvement of specific chromosomes in de novo fusions, and (3) establish the epigenomic, temporal, and mechanistic basis of centromere inactivation. To uncover the mechanistic foundations of these processes, we developed in vitro cell culture systems to study the formation and stabilization of de novo dicentrics. We demonstrate that transient disruption of human telomere structure non-randomly produces dicentric fusions involving acrocentric chromosomes. This finding is notable since the most prevalent rearrangement in humans involves the acrocentrics and is called Robertsonian translocation (ROB). In some cases, centromere inactivation occurs by an apparently epigenetic mechanism. In other dicentrics, the size of the centromeric DNA array is reduced compared to the same array before dicentric formation. Many functional dicentrics persist for months after formation. Our results indicate that dicentric human chromosomes undergo alternative fates after formation across a broad temporal window. During transient telomere disruption, we observed a dramatic change in nucleolar appearance. Nucleolar proteins did not coalesce into condensed structures, but appeared dispersed throughout the nucleus. This surprising alteration in nucleolar organization and nuclear architecture suggests remodeling of the nucleolus and subsequent effects on nucleolar-associated chromosomes, such as the acrocentrics, could contribute to the high incidence of ROB formation. Further studies and development of additional cell culture systems will allow us to evaluate current models of centromere assembly and disassembly and the importance of chromatin organization to centromere function and genome architecture.
Dissertation
Pareek, Gautam. "Understanding the Dynamic Organization of the Presequence-Translocase in Translocation of Preproteins Across Mitochondrial Inner Membrane." Thesis, 2014. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3486.
Повний текст джерелаPareek, Gautam. "Understanding the Dynamic Organization of the Presequence-Translocase in Translocation of Preproteins Across Mitochondrial Inner Membrane." Thesis, 2014. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3486.
Повний текст джерелаChetal, Kashish. "OperomeDB: database of condition specific transcription in prokaryotic genomes and genomic insights of convergent transcription in bacterial genomes." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/6228.
Повний текст джерелаMy thesis comprises of two individual projects: 1) we have developed a database for operon prediction using high-throughput sequencing datasets for bacterial genomes. 2) Genomics and mechanistic insights of convergent transcription in bacterial genomes. In the first project we developed a database for the prediction of operons for bacterial genomes using RNA-seq datasets, we predicted operons for bacterial genomes. RNA-seq datasets with different condition for each bacterial genome were taken into account and predicted operons using Rockhopper. We took RNA-seq datasets from NCBI with distinct experimental conditions for each bacterial genome into account and analyzed using tool for operon prediction. Currently our database contains 9 bacterial organisms for which we predicted operons. User interface is simple and easy to use, in terms of visualization, downloading and querying of data. In our database user can browse through reference genome, genes present in that genome and operons predicted from different RNA-seq datasets. Further in the second project, we studied the genomic and mechanistic insights of convergent transcription in bacterial genomes. We know that convergent gene pairs with overlapping head-to-head configuration are widely spread across both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes. They are believed to contribute to the regulation of genes at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, although factors contributing to their abundance across genomes and mechanistic basis for their prevalence are poorly understood. In this study, we explore the role of various factors contributing to convergent overlapping transcription in bacterial genomes. Our analysis shows that the proportion of convergent overlapping gene pairs (COGPs) in a genome is affected due to endospore formation, bacterial habitat, oxygen requirement, GC content and the temperature range. In particular, we show that bacterial genomes thriving in specialized habitats, such as thermophiles, exhibit a high proportion of COGPs. Our results also conclude that the density distribution of COGPs across the genomes is high for shorter overlaps with increased conservation of distances for decreasing overlaps. Our study further reveals that COGPs frequently contain stop codon overlaps with the middle base position exhibiting mismatches between complementary strands. Further, for the functional analysis using cluster of orthologous groups (COGs) annotations suggested that cell motility, cell metabolism, storage and cell signaling are enriched among COGPs, suggesting their role in processes beyond regulation. Our analysis provides genomic insights into this unappreciated regulatory phenomenon, allowing a refined understanding of their contribution to bacterial phenotypes.
Knoch, Tobias A. [Verfasser]. "Approaching the three-dimensional organization of the human genome : structural, scaling and dynamic properties in the simulation of interphase chromosomes and cell nuclei ; long range correlations in complete genomes ; in vivo analysis of the chromatin distribution ; construct conversions in simultaneous co-transfections / presented by Tobias A. Knoch." 2003. http://d-nb.info/966208587/34.
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