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Статті в журналах з теми "Normatively-value system"
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Hall, Matthew E. K. "Judicial Review as a Limit on Government Domination: Reframing, Resolving, and Replacing the (Counter)Majoritarian Difficulty." Perspectives on Politics 14, no. 2 (June 2016): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592716000086.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For centuries, politicians, activists, and academics have criticized the American system of judicial review as democratically illegitimate. In response, dozens of scholars have striven to justify the institution’s place in a democratic political system. A compelling justification for judicial review must provide a realistic description of its function and a normatively attractive understanding of that function. Unfortunately, the most prominent justifications suffer from empirical or theoretical problems. However, recent empirical evidence suggests an “acquittal theory” that meets both criteria. On this view, courts armed with judicial review can thwart majority will by relieving individuals from government sanctions, but they lack the power to independently impose sanctions. This asymmetry suggests a resolution to the countermajoritarian difficulty that does not rely on judicial wisdom or behavior: the nature of judicial power ensures that judicial review reliably promotes a core democratic value—freedom from government domination—without seriously threatening other democratic values.
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Tennent, Kevin D. "Profit or utility maximizing? Strategy, tactics and the Municipal Tramways of York, c. 1918-1935." Journal of Management History 23, no. 4 (September 11, 2017): 401–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-05-2017-0026.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose This paper aims to contest Mees’ (2010) theory that publicly owned public transport operators normatively target their resources to maximize service rather than profit. Mees argues that neoliberal governments in the Anglosphere were mistaken to privatize their undertakings, yet it is shown that the British ethos of municipal trading meant that municipalities always saw public transport as more of a business than a service. Design/methodology/approach The author uses an archival microstudy of the municipal tramway undertaking of the English city of York, using municipal archives triangulated with local and industry media sources. Findings The paper proposes the refination of the Mees spectrum of public transport from public to private (2010, pp. 73-75) to note that public undertakings can be operated within a profit-maximizing framework. Originality/value This paper provides a rare historical explication of an individual municipal trading enterprise and tramway system placed in its economic context together with its wider theoretical implications.
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Maksymjuk, S. O., and O. M. Karpash. "The gas-pipelines technical state diagnostics methods diversification in conditions of the natural gas quality estimation system development using the principles of EU." METHODS AND DEVICES OF QUALITY CONTROL, no. 2(45) (December 28, 2020): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9981-2020-2(45)-82-89.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The simulation of the gas supply network in the environment of the graphical interface Matlab - Simulink is carried out in the work, which takes into account the change of parameters of this network at change of qualitative characteristics of energy resource, namely - calorific value of natural gas. The created model showed reduced volumes of natural gas consumption by network consumers in case of improvement of energy quality. The transition of payments for natural gas from volumetric to energy units is normatively supported by international and state legislative documents, the comprehensive coverage of which is given in the paper. This transition of calculations should be accompanied by the development of a system of tools for determining the specific heat of combustion of energy in the flow mode. In the paper it is offered to use this metrological system of means of an estimation of qualitative indicators of an energy resource for the purposes of an additional diagnostic sign of a technical condition of the gas pipeline. Tracking the ranges of changes in the calorific value of natural gas can serve as a basis for assessing changes in the technical condition of the pipeline itself. A diagram of this connection between the technical condition of the pipeline and the quality of the gas flowing through it is given in this paper. Also, to confirm the correlation between the quality of natural gas and the technical condition of the pipeline, the paper presents the results of an experimental study of the possibility of determining the defects of the pipeline by measuring changes in energy quality. The results of this study show that a gas pipeline with corrosion damage is characterized by a significant change in the calorific value of natural gas flowing through it (for the study area "Tustan - Diliyevo" it was 10%).
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Kosyak, A. "ORGANIZATION AND REGISTRATION-ANALYTICAL PROVIDING OF CALCULATIONS FROM SALARY IN SYSTEM MANAGEMENT BY COMMUNAL ENTERPRISES." Series: Economic scienceue/view/124 2, no. 155 (April 3, 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-2-155-41-47.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of the use of labour resources and remuneration of labour is actual enough for today. The ques-tion of economic essence and value of "salary" and "remuneration of labour" is investigational in the article, the legislative adjusting and normatively-legal providing is considered in Ukraine of remuneration of labour, registration-analytical providing of calculations with workers from a salary in control system of communal enterprises, organization of account of calculations is investigational from a salary, forms and systems of remuneration of labour are reasonable, directions of improvement offer. On results undertaken a study it is set that a salary is a money term of cost and cost of commodity, she serves as payment of services of labour of workers, represents socio-economic position in a national economy and stand-ard of living in society. Theoretical and practical consideration of questions about calculations from the remuneration of labour has an actual value, as a remuneration of labour is the important enough link of the system of sociallabour relations and most thorny in a decision socio-economic problem. The questions of salary are regulated by the wide enough circle of legislative and normative documents, that every workplace of accountant, accountable for a certain area account of calculations must be provided from a salary. The major constituents of organization of remuneration of labour are setting of norms of labour, tariff setting of norms of salary, development of forms and systems of remuneration of labour. Order of extra charge and payment of salary on communal enterprises envisaged by the Collective agreement and Statutes about the remuneration of labour. A salary depends on complication and terms of implementation of work, quality of her implementation workers, results of financially-economic activity of communal enterprises and select leaders (by proprietors) principles of the system of material stimulation of workers. For the increase of wage level in Ukraine, to our opinion, it is necessary: to decrease the shadow sector of na-tional economy, decrease the rate of inflation, increase production (works, services) volumes, increase prices on labour force, to perfect a legislatively-normative base in Ukraine. Keywords: a salary, remuneration of labour, organization of account, record-keeping, forms and systems of remuneration of labour, fund of remuneration of labour, is registration-analytical providing, communal enterprise
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DOLOTIN, R. R. "STUDY OF THE PROCEDURAL FORM OF SIMPLIFIED PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF PROCEDURAL ECONOMY." Herald of Civil Procedure 11, no. 3 (August 30, 2021): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24031/2226-0781-2021-11-3-212-223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The search for an optimal balance between the result of legal proceedings and the way to achieve it is currently one of the most important areas of development of procedural legislation. In this regard, there is a need to use not only the general procedure for the consideration and resolution of cases, but also a special one, which contributes to the rational simplification and acceleration of procedures. In this sense, the study of the procedural form used in the claim and simplified proceedings is of particular value. The author comes to the conclusion that in simplified proceedings, a truncated procedural form is used, which is characterized by such manifestations of procedural economy as the absence of a preliminary meeting, summoning the parties to a court session, the prohibition of the court’s examination of evidence provided in violation of deadlines, making a decision without a reasoned part, etc. It is noted that the effectiveness of arbitration proceedings should not be achieved by violating the fundamental principles of civil proceedings. In conclusion, the author concludes that the procedural form should be defined as a system of scientifically grounded, normatively defined conditions of effective and correct resolution of civil cases, determined by legal relations to be protected.
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Hungwe, Joseph Pardon, and Amasa P. Ndofirepi. "Centering Ukama Ethic (Relatedness) in the Covid-19 Pandemic ‘New Normal’ in African Higher Education." International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 5 (May 6, 2021): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n5p112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This conceptual article examines the ukama ethic concerning the Covid-19 pandemic-induced ‘new normal’ in African higher education. In so doing, we endeavor to appropriate ukama which is a communally oriented value system to militate against socially isolated individualism in Remote Learning and an Ethic of Care that combats social prejudices occasioned by the Covid-19 pandemic in African higher education. Our central argument is that Ukama ethic is contextually appropriate in the Covid-19 pandemic-induced ‘new normal in African higher education. This article does two important things. Firstly, in light of the demands for local thought traditions in African higher education, it advances the social values of relatedness that constitute Ukama ethic to normatively underline the Remote Learning and Ethics of Care. In this regard, a question that is important to us is; if not now in the ‘new normal, then when can local thought traditions be fully incorporated into African higher education? Secondly, in the attempt to appropriate local thought traditions into African higher education, the article offers a critical reflection of Ukama. Despite its limitations, we conclude that the Ukama ethic is important in the Covid-19 pandemic induced ‘new normal’ in African higher education.
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Tak, Minhyeok, Michael P. Sam, and Steven J. Jackson. "The problems and causes of match-fixing: are legal sports betting regimes to blame?" Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 4, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-01-2018-0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Sport match-fixing has emerged as a complex global problem. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it critically reviews how match-fixing is typified as a policy problem. Second, it advances an analysis of the legal framework and regulatory system for sports betting as a causal source for “routinized” match-fixing. Design/methodology/approach This study extracts and synthesises (cross-national) materials from policies, media releases and scholarly works on the subject of match-fixing and sports betting. The analysis is framed by the contrasts between rational choice and sociological institutionalist approaches. Findings Match-fixing is typically attributed to: criminal organisations and illegal sports betting; vulnerable individuals; and failure of governance on the part of sports organisations. Each cause holds assumptions of utility-maximising actors and it is argued that due consideration be given to the fundamental risks inherent in legal sports betting regimes. Research limitations/implications Match-fixing in sport is a recurrent social problem, transcending national boundaries and involving a wide range of actors and, sporting disciplines and levels of competition. Within such an environment, it may matter little how strong the incentive structures and education programmes are, when betting on human beings is both normatively and cognitively advanced as a value and institutionally permitted as a practice. Originality/value This paper argues that legal betting regimes paradoxically contribute to routinised match-fixing because: for betting customers there is no qualitative, ethical difference between legal and illegal operators; and legalisation serves to normalise and legitimate the view of athletes as objects for betting (like cards or dice).
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Vlkovský, Martin, Jiří Neubauer, Jiří Malíšek, and Jaroslav Michálek. "Improvement of Road Safety through Appropriate Cargo Securing Using Outliers." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 2, 2021): 2688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052688.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article focuses on evaluating a transportation experiment that intends to improve road safety by analyzing transport shocks that significantly affect the system of securing the load, vehicle, driver, and other aspects. Within Europe, improper or insufficient securing of loads causes up to 25% of all cargo vehicle accidents. Our transport experiment consists of eight rides of a Tatra truck. The measured values of shocks (acceleration coefficients) are statistically evaluated. Three hypotheses are established for these purposes. First, it is proven that the probability distributions of the shocks values differ statistically significantly among individual rides, namely in their shape and median value. Thus further statistical analyses are performed separately for the individual rides, axes, and the accelerometer locations. These analyses prove significant exceedances of the normatively set limits given by the EN 12195-1:2010 standard, which is potentially risky. Especially for the z axis and y axis, the set 20% limit was exceeded in 75.0% and 56.3% of cases, respectively. In the case of the x axis, the established 20% limit was practically not exceeded at all. The analysis of exceeding the permitted limits (the statistical evaluation of the second and third established hypothesis) is based on boxplots that graphically describe the individual rides, as well as on the found contaminated log-normal distribution of the values of the acceleration coefficients in the individual rides. The last hypothesis regarding exceeding the double value of the permitted limit is rejected. Methods of statistical comparison are used during data analysis. The probability distribution of acceleration coefficients is modeled using a contaminated log-normal distribution.
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Oliinyk, O. S. "Sources Of Corporate Law Of Ukraine : Features Of Systematization." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 51 (August 6, 2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.51.49-58.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the article research is carried out and such fundamental legal category as «source of right» is analysed. A concept «source of right» is today multidimensional, can be examined as in wide so in a narrow value. On the specific of sources of right can influence him branch belonging. In the presented article the «source of right» is examined in a formal aspect and answers formal definiteness.
On the basis of the general theoretic going near a concept «source of right» a concept «source of corporate law» is certain in the article. Drawn conclusion, that source corporate it is an external form of expression of norms of corporate law. It is marked that legal nature of sources of corporate law is related to the concept of corporate law and concept of corporate legal relationships.
The concept of the system of sources of corporate law is offered in the article. Signs over of the system of sources of corporate law are brought. Criteria are marked for classification of sources of corporate law, that are in basis of the system. Drawn conclusion, that basic structural parts of the system of sources of corporate law are normatively-legal acts, corporate acts, normative agreement, corporate customs, judicial practice.
In the article the author supported the position that corporate law is an integral part of civil law. Therefore, the sources of corporate law are an integral part of civil law sources. The author divides the sources of corporate law for their legal force, under the subjects of rulorcreativity, by means of acceptance, for the purpose of adoption. The article emphasizes the importance of corporate acts in the regulation of corporate legal relations. Corporate acts in the article are considered as actions aimed at emergence or realization of corporate legal personality of participants of corporate education. It is concluded that corporate acts have a contractual, and not a lawful nature. It is stated that when creating corporate acts both public and private interests of interested participants are taken into account.
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Pomaza-Ponomarenko, A., O. Nazarov, M. Udyanskyi, S. Moroz, I. Khmyrov, and O. Akhmedova. "METHODICAL APPROACHES TO STATE POLICY FORECASTING OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S REGIONS." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (February 17, 2021): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227738.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The model of long-term planning of sustainable regional development in the context of providing a effective state regional policy is developed in the article. The received model is simulated and it’s involves the coordination of macro and micro indicators of sustainable development. The GRP value is calculated with the forecasted values of these indicators, and then their equilibrium is estimated which is possible, as was noted above, on the basis of the Gini coefficient. This allows to receive an agreed forecast for all indicators.
To ensure the effectiveness of the state policy influence on sustainable development is possible by systematizing the activity and formalization of the state regional policy and improving its organizational, legal and methodological support, in particular, correction of the defining and adjusting parameters of the sustainable development in the scale of separate regions and the state. Since the normatively fixed criteria for evaluating such a development differ significantly among themselves (applied for the quarterly and annual evaluation).
The main stages of planning of regional development processes in the social and economic directions are specified. In view of them, information and analytical technology is built. The forecasting technology should provide a refinement of the system of indicators of the sustainable development of regions and expansion of those indicators that are necessary to describe the conditions of this development in relation to the state as a whole. In our view, the realization of this task should take place provided that the correlation analysis of the indicators is applied.
The choice of a method of research of development of regional processes is proved. The adequacy of the model of long-term planning of sustainable regional development in Ukraine is estimated.
The results received are the basis for working out of a complex of actions for indicative plans and monitoring of the development of the state regional policy.