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Статті в журналах з теми "Normal open points"
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Kushwaha, S. K. P., K. R. Dayal, A. Singh, and K. Jain. "BUILDING FACADE AND ROOFTOP SEGMENTATION BY NORMAL ESTIMATION FROM UAV DERIVED RGB POINT CLOUD." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W17 (November 29, 2019): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w17-173-2019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. Point cloud segmentation is a significant process to organise an unstructured point cloud. In this study, RGB point cloud was generated with the help of images acquired from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). A dense urban area was considered with varying planar features in the built-up environment along with buildings with different floors. Initially, using Cloth Simulation Filter (CSF) filter, the ground and the non-ground features in the Point Cloud Data (PCD) were segmented, with non-ground features comprising trees and buildings and ground features comprising roads, ground vegetation, and open land. Subsequently, using CANUPO classifier the trees and building points were classified. Noise filtering removed the points which have less density in clusters. Point cloud normals were generated for the building points. For segmentation building elements, normal vector components in different directions (X component, Y component and Z component) were used to segment out the facade, and the roof points of the buildings as the surface normals corresponding to the roof will have a higher contribution in the z component of the normal vector. The validation of the segmentation is done by comparing the results with manually identified roof points and façade points in the point cloud. Overall accuracies obtained for building roof and building facade segmentation are 90.86 % and 84.83 % respectively.
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Devia, N. Durga, Raja Rajeswari, and P. Thangavelu. "New forms of separation spaces in bitopology." Journal of Advanced Studies in Topology 7, no. 3 (August 11, 2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.20454/jast.2016.1104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this paper is to study how distinct points and a point and a closed set not containing that points are separated by non overlapping open neighborhoods, in a bitopological space. The separation is studied with respect to a new type of \((1,2)\alpha\)-open set together with a continuous function. We named the new axioms as star-ultra \(T_{1}\), star-ultra \(T_{2}\), star-ultra regular and normal. The star-ultra regular spaces is studied in two different ways and are called as A-star-ultra regular and B-star-ultra regular spaces.
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Shrivastava, Samir, Karan Sonpar, and Federica Pazzaglia. "Normal Accident Theory versus High Reliability Theory: A resolution and call for an open systems view of accidents." Human Relations 62, no. 9 (August 13, 2009): 1357–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726709339117.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We resolve the longstanding debate between Normal Accident Theory (NAT) and High-Reliability Theory (HRT) by introducing a temporal dimension. Specifically, we explain that the two theories appear to diverge because they look at the accident phenomenon at different points of time. We, however, note that the debate’s resolution does not address the non-falsifiability problem that both NAT and HRT suffer from. Applying insights from the open systems perspective, we reframe NAT in a manner that helps the theory to address its non-falsifiability problem and factor in the role of humans in accidents. Finally, arguing that open systems theory can account for the conclusions reached by NAT and HRT, we proceed to offer pointers for future research to theoretically and empirically develop an open systems view of accidents.
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Zhang, Shenman, Pengjie Tao, Lei Wang, Yaolin Hou, and Zhihua Hu. "Improving Details of Building Façades in Open LiDAR Data Using Ground Images." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4 (February 18, 2019): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11040420.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent open data initiatives allow free access to a vast amount of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data in many cities. However, most open LiDAR data of cities are acquired by airborne scanning, where points on building façades are sparse or even completely missing due to occlusions in the urban environment, leading to the absence of façade details. This paper presents an approach for improving the LiDAR data coverage on building façades by using point cloud generated from ground images. A coarse-to-fine strategy is proposed to fuse these two-point clouds of different sources with very limited overlaps. First, the façade point cloud generated from ground images is leveled by adjusting the facade normal to perpendicular to the upright direction. Then leveling façade point cloud is geolocated by alignment between images GPS data and their structure from motion (SfM) coordinates. Next, a modified coherent point drift algorithm with (surface) normal consistency is proposed to accurately align the façade point cloud to the LiDAR data. The significance of this work resides in the use of 2D overlapping points on the building outlines instead of the limited 3D overlap between the two-point clouds. This way we can still achieve reliable and precise registration under incomplete coverage and ambiguous correspondence. Experiments show that the proposed approach can significantly improve the façade details in open LiDAR data, and achieve 2 to 10 times higher registration accuracy, when compared to classic registration methods.
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Diaaeldin, Ibrahim Mohamed, Shady H. E. Abdel Aleem, Ahmed El-Rafei, Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz, and Ahmed F. Zobaa. "Enhancement of Hosting Capacity with Soft Open Points and Distribution System Reconfiguration: Multi-Objective Bilevel Stochastic Optimization." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 19, 2020): 5446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205446.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soft open points (SOPs) are power electronic devices that replace the normal open points in active distribution systems. They provide resiliency in terms of transferring electrical power between adjacent feeders and delivering the benefits of meshed networks. In this work, a multi-objective bilevel optimization problem is formulated to maximize the hosting capacity (HC) of a real 59-node distribution system in Egypt and an 83-node distribution system in Taiwan, using distribution system reconfiguration (DSR) and SOP placement. Furthermore, the uncertainty in the load is considered to step on the real benefits of allocating SOPs along with DSR. The obtained results validate the effectiveness of DSR and SOP allocation in maximizing the HC of the studied distribution systems with low cost.
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White, Homer S. "Algorithmic complexity of points in dynamical systems." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 13, no. 4 (December 1993): 807–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385700007653.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThis work is based on the author's dissertation. We examine the algorithmic complexity (in the sense of Kolmogorov and Chaitin) of the orbits of points in dynamical systems. Extending a theorem of A. A. Brudno, we note that for any ergodic invariant probability measure on a compact dynamical system, almost every trajectory has a limiting complexity equal to the entropy of the system. We use these results to show that for minimal dynamical systems, and for systems with the tracking property (a weaker version of specification), the set of points whose trajectories have upper complexity equal to the topological entropy is residual. We give an example of a topologically transitive system with positive entropy for which an uncountable open set of points has upper complexity equal to zero. We use techniques from universal data compression to prove a recurrence theorem: if a compact dynamical system has a unique measure of maximal entropy, then any point whose lower complexity is equal to the topological entropy is generic for that unique measure. Finally, we discuss algorithmic versions of the theorem of Kamae on preservation of the class of normal sequences under selection by sequences of zero Kamae-entropy.
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Bayramov, Sadi, and Cigdem Gunduz. "Mappings on intuitionistic fuzzy topology of soft sets." Filomat 35, no. 13 (2021): 4341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil2113341b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study is devoted to describe the concepts of continuous mapping, open mapping and closed mapping by using soft points on intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces. Along, continuous mapping, open mapping and closed mapping on intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces and their characterizations are also introduced. At the end, some of the crucial properties of the proposed concepts are investigated. Taking advantage of intuitionistic fuzzy topology, we obtain the family of soft topologies and normal topologies. It is clear that the category of intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces is an extension both the category of soft topological spaces and the category of topological spaces.
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Prizov, Aleksey P., Nikolai V. Zagorodnii, Artem A. Nikitin, Fedor L. Lazko, Evgeniy A. Belyak, Alexander A. Akhpashev, and Maxim F. Lazko. "Excessive hypercorrection after an open wedge high tibial osteotomy: a clinical case." Journal of Clinical Practice 13, no. 1 (April 15, 2022): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract84475.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Currently, there is a tendency to increasing the proportion of knee joint organ-preserving surgeries. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) has proven itself a good method for the treatment of the knee joint varus deformity in extra-articular deformity cases. The question of the perfect angle of correction, which will not significantly impair the biomechanics of the knee and adjacent joints, remains controversial, as well as the issue of preventing excessive hypercorrection as an osteotomy complication.
Clinical case description: A clinical case of a 59-year-old patient who underwent primary and revision HTOs is analyzed in this article. The patient had a varus deformity of the left lower limb with isolated medial knee osteoarthritis. The patients body mass index (BMI) was 28 kg/m2. The patient complained only of pain and a limited range of motion in the knee joint. According to the arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, there was a cartilage damage classified as Outerbridge 4 stage of the medial compartment. There were no signs of a lateral compartment cartilage damage and patellofemoral joint arthritis. The varus deformity of the knee joint was 10. The patient underwent a medial high tibial open wedge osteotomy. During the preoperative planning, topograms of the lower limb with weight bearing were used. The clinical status before the operation, according to the used scales, was as follows: Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) 46 points, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 7 cm, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) 92 points. 6 months after the initial surgery, the clinical status was as follows: knee joint VAS 1 cm, ankle joint VAS 5 cm, KOOS 88 points, AOFAS 63 points. During the clinical examination and according to the instrumental studies, excessive valgus hypercorrection of 11.2 was noted. Also, the tibial plafond inclination (TPI) and the talar inclination (TI) were significantly increased. 1.5 years after the primary osteotomy, a revision closed wedge osteotomy was performed. The valgus deformity of the knee joint became 3, the axis of the ankle joint changed to the normal values. The clinical and functional results 6 months after the revision osteotomy were the following: KOOS 92 points, AOFAS 99 points, pain in the knee and ankle joint 1 cm by the VAS scale.
Conclusions: The case showed that the careful preoperative planning and the use of additional methods for monitoring the intraoperative correction were important. Excessive valgus hypercorrection promotes good regeneration of the medial compartment cartilage; however, it overloads a lateral compartment and adversely affects the ankle joint and foot.
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Song, Fu Hua, Peng Hui Li, and Jian Ran Deng. "A New Algorithm of Image Registration Based on Contour Feature." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 1092–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.1092.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Image registration is an important task in image processing. In this paper, a new and fast contour-based image registration algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, we fetch contour points and calculate the normal angles firstly, then figure out the histogram of the contour-feature points. By computing circular correlation of the histogram, the rotation angle can be gained. As the rotation angle is obtained, it vastly simplifies the complexity of estimating other registration parameters and reduces the calculated amount, thus achieving a fast image registration algorithm. This algorithm has the invariance of rotation, translation and scale, and it has high robustness for either open contour or closed contour.
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Kandasamy, Selvakumar, and Anand V. Singh. "Transient Vibration Analysis of Open Circular Cylindrical Shells." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 128, no. 3 (November 28, 2005): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2172264.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A numerical method based on the Rayleigh-Ritz method has been presented for the forced vibration of open cylindrical shells. The equations are derived from the three-dimensional strain-displacement relations in the cylindrical coordinate system. The middle surface of the shell represents the geometry, which is defined by an angle that subtends the curved edges, the length, and the thickness. The displacement fields are generated with a predefined set of grid points on the middle surface using considerably high-order polynomials. Each grid point has five degrees of freedom, viz., three translational components along the cylindrical coordinates and two rotational components of the normal to the middle surface. Then the strain and kinetic energy expressions are obtained in terms of these displacement fields. The differential equation governing the vibration characteristics of the shell is expressed in terms of the mass, stiffness, and the load consistent with the prescribed displacement fields. The transient response of the shell with and without damping is sought by transforming the equation of motion to the state-space model and then the state-space differential equations are solved using the Runge-Kutta algorithm.
Дисертації з теми "Normal open points"
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Яценко, Олексій Валерійович. "Оптимізація процесів розподілу енергії в системах з локальними джерелами генерування та акумулювання". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/40797.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Магістерська дисертація присвячена розробці алгоритму, згідно якого,з метою зниження втрат активної потужності буде здійснюватися у реальному часі реконфігурація розподільної мережі, в складі якої є джерела розподіленої генерації. Для прийняття рішень по зміні топології мережі розроблено модель адаптивного прогнозування, яка на кожному кроці прогнозування обирає модель, що показала найкращу точність на попередньому кроці і яка враховує наявної інформації відносно електричного навантаження.
Методика вибору оптимальної конфігурації мережі була розроблена на основі класичної задачі вибору місць розмикання, але окрім мети керування режимом в режимі реального часу було враховано наявність в мережі джерел розподіленої генерації. В якості моделей прогнозування було обрано методи машинного навчання (для випадку достатньої інформаційної забезпеченості) і метод нечітких часових рядів (для випадку недостатньої інформаційної забезпеченості).
В результаті досліджено було визначено, що застосування алгоритму реконфігурації позитивно впливає на зниження втрат потужності і електричної енергії в мережі і він може використовуватисяоперативним персоналоменергетичних компаній.
Очікується, що результати досліджень суттєво сприятимуть подальшому розвитку задачі управління режимами розподільних мереж в реальному часі.The master's thesis is devoted to the development of an algorithm according to which the real-time distribution network will be reconfigured, which includes distributed generation sources in order to reduce active power losses. To make decisions on changing the network topology, an adaptive forecasting model has been developed, which at each step of forecasting selects the model that showed the best accuracy and which takes into account the degree of information security according to the electrical load. The method of selecting the optimal network configuration was developed on the basis of the classical problem of selecting break points, but for the real-time control problem, the availability of distributed generation sources was taken into account. Machine learning methods (for the case of sufficient information security) and the method of fuzzy time series (for the case of insufficient information security) were chosen as forecasting models. As a result, it was investigated that the application of the reconfiguration algorithm has a positive effect on reducing power losses in the network and can be used for control personnel of substations. It is expected that the results of the research will significantly contribute to the further development of the task of managing the modes of distribution networks in real time.
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Thompson, Scotty L. "Comparing Topological Spaces Using New Approaches to Cleavability." View abstract, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3372574.
Повний текст джерелаКниги з теми "Normal open points"
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Sogge, Christopher D. Geodesics and the Hadamard parametrix. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691160757.003.0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter studies the spectrum of Laplace–Beltrami operators on compact manifolds. It begins by defining a metric on an open subset Ω ⊂ Rn, in order to lift their results to corresponding ones on compact manifolds. The chapter then details some elliptic regularity estimates, before embarking on a brief review of geodesics and normal coordinates. The purpose of this review is to show that, with given a particular Laplace–Beltrami operator and any point y0 in Ω, one can choose a natural local coordinate system y = κ(x) vanishing at y0 so that the quadratic form associated with the metric takes a special form. To conclude, the chapter turns to the Hadamard parametrix.
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Tulloch, John, and Belinda Middleweek. Intimate Pleasures and the Madness of Love. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190244606.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chapter 7 analyzes the real sex films Ken Park and Irréversible in the context of different sexual/social aesthetics in sexually explicit films by drawing on “old” and “new” forms of narrative theory as a “bridging synthesis” of disciplinary approaches. The different generations of narrative theory alluded to in this chapter concern Will Wright’s old critical realist analysis of the Western genre and Tanya Krzywinska’s new, postmodernist “narrative formula” approach. This chapter opens with narrative comparison of one European and one US real sex film to point to their similar narrative reversals and contradictions in the context of the “normal chaos of love,” with a major focus on Ken Park’s narrative. Wright’s and Krzywinska’s theoretically and generationally different versions of narrative theory are thus drawn together in terms of current risk sociological history and distinguished from each other epistemologically for further consideration in later chapters.
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Lechtermann, Christina, and Markus Stock, eds. Practices of Commentary. Klostermann, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783465144168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This issue of "Zeitsprünge" collects a variety of theoretical approaches to and exemplary readings of medieval and early modern practices of commentary from the point of view of Arabic, Latin, Jewish, English, German, and Romance Studies. Since antiquity, commentaries have accompanied sacred, cultural, and literary texts, serving to justify their relevance and canonicity. They have been instruments for the transmission of legal and religious norms and values, as well as purveyors of ancient knowledge which has to be preserved verbatim, and yet be kept open for future communication. At times, the commentary even attains a sovereignty of interpretation that can supersede or push aside any original intentions of the text. Thus, the study of commentary is key to describing aspects of authority, institutionality, creativity, and textual empowerment from a comparative perspective. The articles in this issue highlight the role that the study of commentary can play in a historical understanding of premodern and early modern textuality, epistemology, and mediality.
Частини книг з теми "Normal open points"
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Perkušić, Trpimir. "Possibility of Resolving Individual Labor Disputes in Croatian Law by Arbitration." In Cofola International 2021, 456–81. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8639-2021-18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Given the specificity of labor relations, and thus disputes that may arise from these relations, there are several ways to resolve them. Besides the regular procedure before the competent national court, i.e., court proceeding, there is also a possibility of out-of-court or an alternative dispute resolution. The paper analyzes arbitration as one of the alternative ways of resolving individual labor disputes and, given the different points of view of case law and legal doctrine, especially the arbitrability of these labor disputes. As the norms that regulate the possibility of resolving individual labor disputes are in-conclusive and inconsistent in relation to the general rules on arbitration, they do not explicitly answer the question whether the disputes are arbitrable, nor do they clearly define the preconditions for in-terpreting the arbitrability of these disputes according to general arbitration rules. In this sense, the paper analyzes the answers to these open questions, and offers solutions de lege ferenda in terms of arbitrability of individual labor disputes in Croatian law.
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Crisp, Nigel. "Priority setting in developed and developing countries." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 58–60. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.020403.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Priority setting is a normal and important task in any health system. The starting point is current knowledge and evidence, but priority setting is also about judgement, which goes beyond what can be based on evidence. Wherever possible, judgement needs to be based on transparent and systematic methods that are open to question and debate by others....
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Gamble, Alexander, and Harold Rekate. "Hydrocephalus and normal CSF dynamics." In Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery, edited by Ramez W. Kirollos, Adel Helmy, Simon Thomson, and Peter J. A. Hutchinson, 1057–70. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746706.003.0092.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by a dynamic imbalance between the formation (production) and absorption of spinal fluid resulting in an increase in the size of the ventricular spaces. New techniques used to study the chemistry and physics of cerebrospinal fluid production, flow and absorption have led to new insights into the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus and other abnormalities of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. The importance of research into the role of aquaporins, other channel types and absorption of CSF into the systemic circulation via the lymphatics and intraparenchymal veins opens alternative explanations for enigmatic disorders of CSF. A contemporary classification of hydrocephalus based on the point of restriction of CSF flow has been shown to explain all problems related to clinical disorders of CSF and intracranial pressure. The distinct differences between hydrocephalus which develops in babies with growing heads and those that become symptomatic later in life.
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Katz, Nicholas M. "The Situation over ℤ: Questions." In Convolution and Equidistribution. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691153308.003.0030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter considers that there is another sense in which we might ask about “situations over ℤ,” namely we might try to mimic the setting of a theorem of Pink [Ka-ESDE, 8.18.2] about how “usual” (geometric) monodromy groups vary in a family. For each geometric point s in a normal noetherian connected scheme S, we have the closed subgroup Γ(s) ⊂ GL(n,ℚℓ¯) which is the image of π₁(Xₛ; xₛ) in the representation corresponding to Ƒₛ. The assertion is that these groups Γ(s) are, up to GL(n)-conjugacy, constant on a dense open set of S, and that they decrease under specialization. This chapter treats the following question: suppose a normal noetherian connected scheme S which is of finite type over ℤ [1/𝓁], an object N in the derived category Dcb((𝔾ₘ)ₛ;ℚℓ¯), and an integer n ≤ 1.
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Hebous, Shafik, and Alexander Klemm. "Options for Origin- and Destination-Based Rent Taxes in the Netherlands." In Tax by Design for the Netherlands, 204–19. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192855244.003.0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The chapter considers different rent taxes and the relative pros and cons for their adoption, as well as their optimal design, from the point of view of a small open economy such as the Netherlands. Origin-based rent taxes in the form of allowances for normal profits or cash-flow taxes are efficient at the firm level, but subject to tax competition pressures. Recent proposals for destination-based rent taxes, if universally adopted, address tax competition and profit shifting, but would result in revenue losses for some countries, including the Netherlands. A unilaterally adopted destination-based tax would create major spill-over effects on the rest of the world and might cause retaliation.
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Kamugisha, Proscovia Paschal, and Sebastian Faustin Mhanga. "Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 382–408. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0198-6.ch016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Resilient economic urbanisation growth in Tanzania signifies national increasing trend of solid waste generation that necessitates proper management. About 50% of Tanzanians suffer from intestinal schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths resulting from haphazard solid waste disposal. Various efforts to address solid waste management in Tanzania include establishment of public private partnership and major reforms in policy and regulatory frameworks. Despite these efforts, 60% of waste generated is mismanaged and normally disposed in illegal places along roadsides, sewage canals, and reserved open spaces. Cornerstone of proper solid waste management lies on separation of the waste at source. It is recommended that ‘the smart garbage collection bin' be adopted at community collection points and charging higher prices for generators who do not separate the waste.
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Minett, Mark. "Conclusion." In Robert Altman and the Elaboration of Hollywood Storytelling, 339–46. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197523827.003.0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Calling into question authorship criticism’s tendency to treat undersupported claims about formal design as starting points for the deployment of an interpretive hermeneutics aimed at revealing political and expressive significance, the conclusion instead considers how a historically precise rethinking of Altman’s innovations broadens the field of questions we might ask about the possibilities of Hollywood authorship. In its recognition of elaborative authorship as a position within Hollywood filmmaking practice, the account presented here suggests a reconsideration of the nature of Hollywood norms. The conclusion argues that Altman’s novelty is best understood not as rejection or assimilation but in the context of a Hollywood cinema whose norms have always been a work in progress on multiple levels. It is not only Hollywood’s conventions and techniques that are constantly in play, contingently open to a range of modifications and renegotiations, but also its underlying principles and aims.
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Blumenberg, Hans. "The Concept of Reality and the Possibility of the Novel." In History, Metaphors, Fables, 499–524. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501732829.003.0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter describes Hans Blumenberg's theorization of the novel as a genuinely modern genre in “The Concept of Reality and the Possibility of the Novel” (1964). Art claims as its subject matter the formal proof of reality and not the material content that presents itself with this proof. Without doubt, the nonpossible would represent the fulfillment of this claim — namely, the infinite context, which alone could be counted as the normal equivalent to the open-endedness of physical experience. This is the starting point from which modern literature — and the aesthetics appropriate to it — proceeded toward the novel as the most comprehensively “realistic” genre, representing a context which, though finite in itself, presumes and indicates infinity. The potential infinity of the novel represents its ideality, arising out of the concept of reality, as well as the aesthetic irritation inevitable in view of the fact that its task of representing an infinite context can be fulfilled only by aesthetically binding principles of form.
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Chapin, F. Stuart. "Dialogues for Solutions." In Grassroots Stewardship, 106–21. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190081195.003.0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dialogues that respectfully communicate stewardship goals can build trust and shape the social norms and behavior of others. Communicating effectively, as described in this chapter, is the second element in this book’s four-tiered stewardship strategy. Trust and effective dialogue occur most easily when people share worldviews or are open to the opinions of others. Many attitudes and behaviors are, however, socially constructed and may not be responsive to new information. When information campaigns and hazard warnings conflict with the opinions and worldviews of others, they are likely to elicit negative responses or denial, as in many climate-information campaigns. Even in this situation, progress can be made by looking for points of agreement, such as concern for the future of children or care for Creation. In general, positive conversations that focus on common ground and opportunities for solutions rather than blame for problems are most likely to elicit action.
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Albers, Michael J. "Information Rich Systems and User's Goals and Information Needs." In Encyclopedia of Human Computer Interaction, 338–43. IGI Global, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-562-7.ch052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, most of the Web is designed from the viewpoint of helping people who know what they want but need help accomplishing it. User goals may range from buying a new computer to making vacation plans. Yet, these are simple tasks that can be accomplished with a linear sequence of events. With information-rich sites, the linear sequence breaks down, and a straightforward process to provide users with information in a useful format does not exist. Users come to information-rich sites with complex problems they want to solve. Reaching a solution requires meeting goals and subgoals by finding the proper information. Complex problems are often ill-structured; realistically, the complete sequence can’t even be defined because of users’ tendencies to jump around within the data and to abandon the sequence at varying points (Klein, 1999). To reach the answer, people need the information properly positioned within the situation context (Albers, 2003; Mirel, 2003a). System support for such problems requires users to be given properly integrated information that will assist in problem solving and decision making. Complex problems normally involve high-level reasoning and open-ended problem solving. Consequently, designer expectations of stable requirements and the ability to perform an exhaustive task analysis fall short of reality (Rouse & Valusek, 1993). While conventional task analysis works for well-defined domains, it fails for the ill-structured domains of information-rich sites (Albers, 2004). Instead of exhaustive task analysis, the designer must shift to an analysis focused on providing a clear understanding of the situation from the user’s point of view and the user’s goals and information needs.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Normal open points"
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Mukhlynin, N. D., and M. Yu Komlev. "Method of direct coordinatewise discrete optimization in choosing the optimal normal open points in distribution grids." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icieam.2016.7911435.
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Balasubramanian, Karthik, Mark G. Turner, and Kiran Siddappaji. "Novel Curvature-Based Airfoil Parameterization for Wind Turbine Application and Optimization." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-65153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The direct proportionality of streamline curvature to the pressure gradient normal to it causes the dependence of surface pressure loading on geometry curvature. This allows for the use of geometry curvature as a direct and aerodynamically meaningful interface to modify and improve performance of wind turbine sections. A novel blade parameterization technique driven by specification of meanline second derivative and a thickness distribution is presented. This technique is implemented as T-Blade3 which is an already existing in-house open-executable. The second derivative which is indicative of curvature, is used, enabling exploration of a large design space with minimal number of parameters due to the use of B-spline control points, capable of producing smooth curves with only a few points. New thickness and curvature control capabilities have been added to TBlade3 for isolated and wind turbine airfoils. The parameterization ensures curvature and slope of curvature continuity on the airfoil surface which are critical to smooth surface pressure distribution. Consequently, losses due to unintentional pressure spikes are minimized and likelihood of separation reduced. As a demonstration of the parameterization capability, Multi-Objective optimization is carried out to maximize wind turbine efficiency. This is achieved through an optimization tool-chain that minimizes a weighted sum of the drag-to-lift ratios over a range of angles of attack and sectional Reynolds numbers using a Genetic Algorithm. This allows for radial Reynolds number variation and ensures efficiency of wind turbine blade with twist incorporated. The tool-chain uses XFOIL to evaluate drag polars. This is implemented in MATLAB and Python in serial and in parallel with the US Department of Energy optimization system, DAKOTA. The Python and DAKOTA versions of the code are fully open-source. The NREL S809 horizontal axis wind turbine laminar-flow airfoil which is 21% thick has been used as a benchmark for comparison. Hence, the optimization is carried out with the same thickness-to-chord ratio. Drag coefficient improvement ranging from 17% to 55% for Cl between 0.3 and 1 was achieved.
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Cozijn, J. L., and R. Hallmann. "The Wake Flow Behind Azimuthing Thrusters: Measurements in Open Water, Under a Plate and Under a Barge." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-83621.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The wake flow behind a ducted azimuthing thruster was investigated. The thruster wake is an important factor in thruster interaction effects. Model tests were carried out for 3 different configurations; a thruster in open water conditions, a thruster under a flat plate and a thruster built into a barge. Two different thrusters were considered, a ‘normal’ thruster with a horizontal propeller axis and a ‘tilted’ thruster with a propeller axis and nozzle oriented 7 deg down-wards. In the tests the propeller thrust and torque were recorded, as well as the nozzle thrust and unit thrust. The velocities in the wake of the thruster were measured using a PIV (particle image velocimetry) system, for down-stream locations up to x/D = 19. The influence of the thruster tilt, the plate above the thruster and bilge radius on the thruster wake flow were investigated. Detailed PIV measurements were carried out on the wake flow behind the thruster in open water conditions. The PIV system used can measure 3D velocities in large set of points in a 2D plane, which is illuminated by a laser light beam. The flow velocities were measured in a large number of cross sections at different distances from the thruster. The PIV measurements provide a detailed image of the flow velocities in the thruster wake, showing the axial velocities, as well as the rotation and divergence of the wake. Subsequently, PIV measurements were carried out for the thruster under a flat plate and the thruster under a barge. The measurement results show a thruster wake that is deformed by the presence of the plate and the barge. The plate and the bottom of the barge form a flat plane above the thruster, clearly flattening the cross section of the thruster wake. Furthermore, the wake flow at the side of the barge, near the bilge radius, results in a low pressure region, causing the wake flow to diverge up as it flows from under the barge into the open water. This phenomenon is known as the Coanda effect and is strongly dependent on the bilge radius and the distance between the thruster and the side of the barge. The effect of both these parameters was confirmed in the model test results presented. The typical flow patterns observed as a result of the Coanda effect are illustrated in Figure 1 below. The results of the present model test research are used to further improve the understanding of the physics of thruster interaction effects. Furthermore, the results will serve as validation material for CFD calculations.
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Bloemink, Jeffrey M., and Timothy C. Green. "Increasing distributed generation penetration using soft normally-open points." In Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2010.5589629.
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Kong, Xiangfei, Huixiong Li, Changjiang Liao, Xianliang Lei, and Qian Zhang. "A New Correlation for Heat Transfer Coefficient Prediction of Supercritical Pressure Water Flowing in Vertical Upward Tubes." In ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2016-7304.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Supercritical pressure water has been widely used in many industrial fields, such as fossil-fired power plants and nuclear reactors because mainly of its high thermal efficiencies. Although many empirical correlations for heat transfer coefficients of supercritical pressure water have been proposed by different authors based on different experimental data base, there exist remarkable discrepancies between the predicted heat transfer coefficients of different correlations under even the same condition. Heat transfer correlations with good prediction performance are of considerable significance for developing supercritical (ultra-supercritical) pressure boilers and SCWRs. In this paper, the experimental data (about 7389 experimental data points) and 30 existing empirical correlations for heat transfer of supercritical pressure water (SCW) flowing in vertical upward tubes are collected from the open literatures. Evaluations of the prediction performance of the existing correlations are conducted based on the collected experimental data, and a detailed multi-collinearity analysis has been made on different correction factors involved in the existing correlations, and then based on the collected experimental data, a new heat transfer correlation is developed for the supercritical pressure water flowing in vertical upward tubes under normal and enhanced heat transfer mode. Compared with the existing correlations, the new correlation exhibits good prediction accuracy, with a mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 9.63%.
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Gra¨sel, J., J. Demolis, H. Mohr, and H. P. Schiffer. "Multi-Objective Design Optimisation of a Diffuser-Ejector Exhaust Duct for Helicopter Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22588.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper demonstrates the successful application of an optimisation methodology for the design of a diffuser-ejector exhaust duct. Maximising simultaneously pressure recovery and the entrainment ratio are diverging objectives which could hardly be achieved by a conventional manual trial-and-error approach relying on the designer’s experience. This multi-objective design problem has been solved for the axis-symmetric exhaust duct with a given characteristic length, inlet section and minimal standoff distance by coupling a parametric method with 2D CFD analysis. Open cubic B-splines have been employed to generate the contoured duct shape, for which the control-point vertices have been defined by a total of 17 engineering parameters. A bell mouth inlet has been chosen for the ejector inlet. The parameter constraints result from weight and integration requirements. Three characteristic engine operating points have been chosen for the multi-point and multi-objective shape optimisation. The entire process of model building, meshing, performing the 2D CFD calculation and post-processing to extract the required metrics has been fully automated. A commercial process integration software package is used to link the different tools together in a unified environment. The design space exploration is carried out via a latin-hypercube sampling technique. This random space filling method has been chosen because of its considerable lower number of experiments compared to factorial sampling techniques. Parameter ranking is obtained by a weighted average of the correlation coefficients for each objective. The parameter hierarchy is slightly different for the engine operating points. However, there exists a clear threshold separating the influential parameters from the insignificant ones. A subsequent DOE is performed for the reduced parameter set for which the minimum number of experiments has been chosen as twice the number of experiments to generate a quadratic response surface. The Normal-Boundary Intersection method is applied to find the Pareto front based on the response surface model as surrogate model. The results show that a gain of 20% for the pressure recovery for a given entrainment ratio could be achieved compared to a configuration defined by a manual trial-and-error approach. The great benefit of the present method is its capability to handle easily geometrical constraints and the weight of the different design objectives which may change even during the detailed design phase.
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Baumer, Timothy, Mark A. Rapo, Jessica M. Wong, Brian J. Powell, Brett D. Juhas, Philemon C. Chan, and James F. MacKiewicz. "Blast Overpressure Measured on a Bare vs. Helmeted Rigid Headform." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63260.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is significant concern that blast overpressure can cause mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). An accurate understanding of the blast flow and overpressure event as well as it’s interaction with the head and helmet system is a necessary first step in establishing loading conditions to the head. It also provides a means for model validation and other predictive capabilities. A custom-designed Blast Overpressure Bust (BOB) containing 22 surface pressure sensors was rigidly mounted in a live-fire blast event. The blast field tests were conducted in an open field using 4 lbs. of cylindrical C4 charges suspended 48″ above the pad. The BOB was mounted to a torso surrogate and positioned 92″ from the hanging charge. The BOB was oriented at blast impact angles of 0 (front-facing), 45, 90, and 180 degrees. The BOB was tested in both bare and helmeted configurations. Data recorded across a bare headform at each angle established a baseline for the pressure trace at each sensor location. Two helmeted cases were investigated: Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) with the sling suspension system and ACH with Team Wendy pads. Results showed peak pressures on exposed surfaces normal to the blast were ∼1200kPa with side-on pressures of ∼400kPa. The addition of a helmet did not alter the peak normal pressures, but showed slight to moderate increases in pressure beneath the helmet based on the amount of cushioning present. The sling suspension, which leaves an open gap between the head and helmet, resulted in several recorded amplification points beneath the helmet with the peaks reaching ∼800kPa. The Team Wendy pads trials, which effectively fill the gap between the head and helmet, showed amplifications with peaks of ∼500kPa. An additional set of tests was conducted using an ingress barrier positioned between the head and helmet at the brim. Results showed pressures under the helmet that were lower than the bare headform trials. While it was shown that adding a helmet did in fact increase pressures relative to the bare headform case, these amplifications were still far less than the peak pressure exerted on the exposed surfaces of the headform. The data presented herein is the most robust data set to date for pressures exerted on a helmeted headform and is considered applicable to the first 3–5ms of an unconstrained system, during which time motion is minimal.
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Rehman, A. U., J. A. Rongong, and K. Worden. "Detection of Damage in Repeating Structures." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23351.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Repeating structures in the form of multiple-bladed rotors are used widely in turbomachinery. Damage to blades can have significant consequences but can be difficult to identify in normal operation. This paper introduces an approach for identifying small defects such as cracks in a repeating structure that may be applicable to the limited data obtainable from developing techniques such as blade tip-timing. In order to understand the key issues involved, this initial work involves a numerical study of a simple comb-like repeating structure rather than a bladed rotor. Changes to the system modeshapes and mode order arising from damage are related to the location and severity of damage. Damage, in the form of small, open cracks, is modelled using different techniques such as material removal, periodic reduction in modulus of elasticity of selected elements at the required location and mass modification. Damage indices based on differences in the Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) that give a measure of the change in the modeshapes are introduced. MAC matrices are obtained using a reduced number of data points. The damage index is obtained from the Frobenius norm of MAC matrix subtracted from (1) the AutoMAC of reference model without crack and (2) the identity matrix. A clear correlation between the damage indices and crack depth / location is shown. In order to account for mistuning in real repeating structures, the performance when the assembly is subjected to inhomogeneous temperature distributions is also considered.
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Bloemink, Jeffrey M., and Timothy C. Green. "Increasing photovoltaic penetration with local energy storage and soft normally-open points." In 2011 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2011.6039561.
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Cao, Wanyu, Jianzhong Wu, and Nick Jenkins. "Feeder load balancing in MV distribution networks using soft normally-open points." In 2014 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2014.7028874.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Normal open points"
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Warrick, Arthur W., Gideon Oron, Mary M. Poulton, Rony Wallach, and Alex Furman. Multi-Dimensional Infiltration and Distribution of Water of Different Qualities and Solutes Related Through Artificial Neural Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7695865.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The project exploits the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to describe infiltration, water, and solute distribution in the soil during irrigation. It provides a method of simulating water and solute movement in the subsurface which, in principle, is different and has some advantages over the more common approach of numerical modeling of flow and transport equations. The five objectives were (i) Numerically develop a database for the prediction of water and solute distribution for irrigation; (ii) Develop predictive models using ANN; (iii) Develop an experimental (laboratory) database of water distribution with time; within a transparent flow cell by high resolution CCD video camera; (iv) Conduct field studies to provide basic data for developing and testing the ANN; and (v) Investigate the inclusion of water quality [salinity and organic matter (OM)] in an ANN model used for predicting infiltration and subsurface water distribution. A major accomplishment was the successful use of Moment Analysis (MA) to characterize “plumes of water” applied by various types of irrigation (including drip and gravity sources). The general idea is to describe the subsurface water patterns statistically in terms of only a few (often 3) parameters which can then be predicted by the ANN. It was shown that ellipses (in two dimensions) or ellipsoids (in three dimensions) can be depicted about the center of the plume. Any fraction of water added can be related to a ‘‘probability’’ curve relating the size of the ellipse (or ellipsoid) that contains that amount of water. The initial test of an ANN to predict the moments (and hence the water plume) was with numerically generated data for infiltration from surface and subsurface drip line and point sources in three contrasting soils. The underlying dataset consisted of 1,684,500 vectors (5 soils×5 discharge rates×3 initial conditions×1,123 nodes×20 print times) where each vector had eleven elements consisting of initial water content, hydraulic properties of the soil, flow rate, time and space coordinates. The output is an estimate of subsurface water distribution for essentially any soil property, initial condition or flow rate from a drip source. Following the formal development of the ANN, we have prepared a “user-friendly” version in a spreadsheet environment (in “Excel”). The input data are selected from appropriate values and the output is instantaneous resulting in a picture of the resulting water plume. The MA has also proven valuable, on its own merit, in the description of the flow in soil under laboratory conditions for both wettable and repellant soils. This includes non-Darcian flow examples and redistribution and well as infiltration. Field experiments were conducted in different agricultural fields and various water qualities in Israel. The obtained results will be the basis for the further ANN models development. Regions of high repellence were identified primarily under the canopy of various orchard crops, including citrus and persimmons. Also, increasing OM in the applied water lead to greater repellency. Major scientific implications are that the ANN offers an alternative to conventional flow and transport modeling and that MA is a powerful technique for describing the subsurface water distributions for normal (wettable) and repellant soil. Implications of the field measurements point to the special role of OM in affecting wettability, both from the irrigation water and from soil accumulation below canopies. Implications for agriculture are that a modified approach for drip system design should be adopted for open area crops and orchards, and taking into account the OM components both in the soil and in the applied waters.