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1
Aavitsland, P., and S. Andresen. "Communicable disease epidemiology training in Northern Europe." Eurosurveillance 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.06.03.00221-en.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) have a long tradition of collaboration in communicable disease epidemiology and control. The state epidemiologists and the immunisation programme managers have met regularly to discuss common challenges and exchange experiences in surveillance and control of communicable diseases. After the three Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) regained independence in 1991 and the Soviet Union dissolved, contacts were made across the old iron curtain in several areas, such as culture, education, business, military and medicine. Each of the Nordic communicable disease surveillance institutes started projects with partners in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania or the Russian Federation. The projects were in such diverse areas as HIV surveillance and prevention (1), vaccination programmes and antibiotic resistance. In the mid 1990s the Nordic state epidemiologists noted that there was duplication of efforts and only slow progress towards controlling communicable diseases in the region. Thus, to use the resources more efficiently and to improve the relationships with the Baltic partners, the state epidemiologists set out to co-ordinate their bilateral efforts. They felt that the Nordic network, which had worked so well, could easily be extended eastwards.
2
Simoulin, Vincent. "La dynamique de coopération nordique : Norden, Baltikum, Barents." Revue française d'administration publique 79, no. 1 (1996): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1996.3070.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Dynamics of Nordic Co-operation : Norden, Baltikum Barents. The countries of Northern Europe have not remained unaffected by the profound changes which have occurred in Europe over the last ten years. The policy of Nordic co-operation, conducted amongst the Nordic countries, has suffered the repercussions of the acceleration of West European integration and the upsets of Eastern Europe. Hence the Nordic countries have been obliged to reformulate their policy of co-operation. This process has involved a redefinition of the position of these countries vis-à-vis the European Union, but also necessitated taking into account the Baltic question, which has led to a new expression of closeness amongst the countries of Northern Europe, notably with the creation of a counsel of the Baltic States.
3
Voronov, K. "Security Modus Operandi of the Northern Europe." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 1 (2021): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-1-82-89.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyses the complex influence of dangerous changes, which took place after 2014 in the international political environment in Europe, on the ongoing transformations, suggests essential revision of national policies of the five Nordic countries (Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland) in the field of their security and defenсe. The degree of military and political tension in the North of Europe has increased significantly after 2014. The conflict is escalating due to additional deployment within the so-called reinforcement of the “eastern flank” of the Alliance with three allied battalions, and NATO weapons in the Baltic States and Poland. However, great strategic stability in the zone of direct contact between NATO and Russia is still possible to maintain. The international political situation in the subregion has also deteriorated markedly as a result of the U.S., NATO and EU sanctions policy against Russia, strengthening of transatlantic relations of the Nordic countries, and reinforcement of allied ties within the framework of the Western bloc policy as a whole. It noted signified not only a revision in favor of further strengthening of transatlantic ties in the policy of bloc allegiance of the Nordic countries – members of NATO (Denmark, Norway, Iceland), but also an obvious intensification of practical cooperation between formally non-aligned states (Sweden and Finland) with the Alliance structures. The Nordic Defenсe Cooperation (NORDEFCO) has also started to acquire a risky pro-Atlantic style, losing its previous autonomous subregional nature. Apparently, in the present complex situation, the Nordic Five is disposed to solve security and defence problems by: 1) having a greater many-sided cooperation with NATO; 2) giving a real, limited meaning to the European Union in the military-political sphere; 3) continuing to bear pressure upon Russia for the purpose of limiting Russian influence in the subregion, especially in the Baltic region. In the near future, the problem of NATO accession for Sweden and Finland may remain in the same precarious condition unless some dangerous force majeure circumstances occur in the Baltic region.
4
Voronov, K. "Peacekeeping of Northern Europe Countries: Responses to Challenges." World Economy and International Relations, no. 12 (2011): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2011-12-57-68.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The author explores the post-bipolar period in the Nordic countries and their relation to peacekeeping operations, as well as their practical participation. The sub-region’s heads of states are forced to admit that their missions abroad turned into a necessary condition of strengthening their national security. Despite the discrepancies between their bloc and integration policies, as well as a number of other factors, through the peacekeeping activities each Nordic country attempted to reach strategic objectives while achieving its own specific objectives and special advantages.
5
Steinbock, Dan. "NATO and Northern Europe: From Nordic Balance to Northern Balance." American Foreign Policy Interests 30, no. 4 (August 15, 2008): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803920802313939.
Повний текст джерела
6
Wæver, Ole. "Nordic nostalgia: Northern Europe after the Cold War." International Affairs 68, no. 1 (January 1992): 77–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2620462.
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7
Allardt, Erik. "A political sociology of the Nordic countries." European Review 8, no. 1 (February 2000): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700004634.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Nordic countries of Europe have many common traits. They are small countries in Northern Europe, they have been Lutheran since the Reformation, and they had, for centuries, a strong landholding peasantry but a weak aristocracy. They developed a comprehensive welfare state after the Second World War, and they are more sceptical about European integration than people from other countries in Western Europe. Despite attempts to create a Nordic union and the existence of a Nordic Council, their joint Nordic orientation has been subordinated to the national interests of the individual Nordic countries. They are clear-cut nation states with a nationalism that is not fierce, but represents a kind of official, controlled and uniform national spirit. With respect to parliamentary politics and social policy the main features of the countries have been called the Nordic Model. The model still exists, but rests on shakier ground than before.
8
ØSTERGÅRD, UFFE. "The history of Europe seen from the North." European Review 14, no. 2 (April 12, 2006): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798706000263.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Nordic or Scandinavian countries represent variations on general European patterns of state and nation-building and political culture. Denmark and Sweden rank among the oldest and most typical of nation-states together with France, Britain and Spain and should be studied with the same questions in mind. Today, however, a sort of trans-state common Nordic identity coexists with independent national identifications among the Scandinavians. Nordic unity is regarded as a viable alternative to European culture and integration by large numbers of the populations. There has never existed a ‘Scandinavian model’ worthy of the name ‘model’. Because of a series of changes in great power politics in the 18th and 19th centuries, the major conflicts in Europe were relocated away from Northern Europe. This resulted in a virtual ‘neutralization’ of the Scandinavian countries north of the Baltic Sea. Today, the much promoted ‘Nordic identity’ reveals itself only through the nation-states. The ‘Association for Nordic Unity’ (Foreningerne Norden) was set up in 1919 only after all five Nordic countries had achieved independent nationhood: Norway in 1905, Finland in 1917, and Iceland in 1918 (the latter only as home rule to be followed by independence in 1944). The very different roads to independent nationhood among the Nordic countries and the idea of a common Nordic identity can be traced back to its beginnings in the 19th century
9
Bai, Suyoun, and Byung Soo Kim. "A Study on the Correlation Between Bang&Olufsen Audio Product Design and Product Design Characteristics of the Nordic Region." Korea Institute of Design Research Society 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2024): 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46248/kidrs.2024.3.305.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At some point in modern daily life, Nordic design began to rapidly increase as a home design preferred by people. Northern Europe has developed a unique culture due to its geographical conditions, such as adapting to nature or being friendly, focusing on indoor life, and practicality through simplicity. In this study, the characteristics of Northern European Design were derived into four types through analysis of design cases of representative Northern European countries. Nordic countries are traditionally based on practicality, and are characterized by nature-friendly purity, aesthetics of cultural background, and sustainable simplicity. Bang & Olufsen was selected as the target to examine specifically how these Nordic design characteristics were applied to actual product design and how they changed over time. Bang & Olufsen is a world-renowned audio company in Northern Europe with a 99-year history. In this study, a case study of 66 representative Bang & Olufsen products from 1926 to 2023 was conducted, and the results showed that Bang & Olufsen's audio design generally maintains the characteristics of Nordic design over time. Among the characteristics of Nordic design, simplicity and aesthetics still remain strong over time, and purity is relatively low but appears to be increasing slowly as technology advances. Despite the lack of samples of target products for case analysis and some limitations in the expert survey, this study is significant in that it presents a method for analyzing design characteristics by examining the geographical characteristics and temporal changes in product design.
10
Bezhina, Yuliya Viktorovna. "Nordic Defence Cooperation in the Post-Bipolar World." Мировая политика, no. 2 (February 2023): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8671.2023.2.40066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The author examines the specific features of defense cooperation in Northern Europe and considers its future prospects amid the transformation of the global political landscape. The author regards the Nordic sub-region as a regional security complex (RSC) and scrutinizes historical similarities and dissimilarities in the Nordic approaches to security issues; distinctive features of the Nordic integration in general and sub-regional defence cooperation in particular; structure and possible prospects of the NORDEFCO. The author concludes that defenсe cooperation deepened the integration model in Northern Europe significantly, thus highlighting the ability of the Nordic states to cooperate in matters of security. Nevertheless, the aspirations of Finland and Sweden for NATO membership overshadow the NORDEFCO as a local security mechanism. The author contributes to the study of the issue by suggesting possible scenarios of the Nordic defence cooperation development. It is highly likely that NORDEFCO will be marginalized within the framework of Nordic cooperation, since NATO will meet almost all needs of the Nordic states in the field of defense and security. The scientific novelty of the research results from the revision of the Nordic domestic and foreign policy priorities in the field of security after 2014 and 2022, the impact of the deteriorating relations between Russia and Western countries on defence cooperation in the sub-region and the political and military relevance of the issue for the future of Russia.
11
Miloiu, Silviu-Marian. "Editorial Foreword." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2013): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v5i2_1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A large part of the articles published in the current issue of Revista Română de Studii Baltice şi Nordice / The Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies have been initially presented at the Fourth International Conference on Baltic and Nordic Studies in Romania: Empire-Building and Region-Building in the Baltic, North and Black Sea areas held at Ovidius University Of Constanța in May 2013. The conference approached the North in the wider perspective of regional cooperation intra- and extra-Nordic muros. The North is regarded as a springboard of regional cooperation which has a strong though faltering historical and cultural background and an obvious European dimension. The downfall of the Communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the process of European integration (whether some of the Nordic countries belong to the EU or not, they are all part and parcel of the process and deeply affected by it) have encouraged the development of regional cooperation in Northern Europe. Belonging to the Northern dimension of the EU meant not only maintaining a regional identity with deep roots in history and culture and making the others acknowledge it, but also strengthening the influence of Nordic countries within and outside the EU and fostering other regional cooperation initiatives in the Baltic Sea area and outside it. Patterned on the Nordic regional cooperation, the Baltic States of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia strengthened their regional cooperation and envisaged deepening their ties to surrounding areas, especially with the Nordic countries. Alongside the Nordic countries, they also gradually turned into a model for the Danubian and Black Sea countries. In this respect, the conference addressed themes such as: the empire building, region-building, national/nationalist, cultural construction discourses present in these regions; the historic development of these regional initiatives and/or organizations and the relations between them; political, cultural and diplomatic relations between Baltic and/or Nordic states, on the one hand, and the Black Sea countries, on the other hand; the relations between the EU integration and different Baltic, North and Black Sea regional structures; education and leadership in the context of regionalization in the Baltic Sea and Black Sea areas; linguistic unity and diversity in Scandinavia and the Baltic states; Nordic and Baltic identity through cultural diversity; water protection in the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea Region and the role of agriculture; inter- and intra-regional comparisons.
12
Roswall, Nina, Anja Olsen, Katja Boll, Jane Christensen, Jytte Halkjær, Thorkild IA Sørensen, Christina C. Dahm, et al. "Consumption of predefined ‘Nordic’ dietary items in ten European countries – an investigation in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 12 (March 3, 2014): 2650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014000159.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractObjectiveHealth-beneficial effects of adhering to a healthy Nordic diet index have been suggested. However, it has not been examined to what extent the included dietary components are exclusively related to the Nordic countries or if they are part of other European diets as well, suggesting a broader preventive potential. The present study describes the intake of seven a priori defined healthy food items (apples/pears, berries, cabbages, dark bread, shellfish, fish and root vegetables) across ten countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and examines their consumption across Europe.DesignCross-sectional study. A 24 h dietary recall was administered through a software program containing country-specific recipes. Sex-specific mean food intake was calculated for each centre/country, as well as percentage of overall food groups consumed as healthy Nordic food items. All analyses were weighted by day and season of data collection.SettingMulti-centre, European study.SubjectsPersons (n 36 970) aged 35–74 years, constituting a random sample of 519 978 EPIC participants.ResultsThe highest intakes of the included diet components were: cabbages and berries in Central Europe; apples/pears in Southern Europe; dark bread in Norway, Denmark and Greece; fish in Southern and Northern countries; shellfish in Spain; and root vegetables in Northern and Central Europe. Large inter-centre variation, however, existed in some countries.ConclusionsDark bread, root vegetables and fish are strongly related to a Nordic dietary tradition. Apples/pears, berries, cabbages, fish, shellfish and root vegetables are broadly consumed in Europe, and may thus be included in regional public health campaigns.
13
Ilyina, О. G. "The «Nordic Model» of the Welfare State." Diplomaticheskaja sluzhba (Diplomatic Service), no. 3 (May 28, 2024): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2403-04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The «Nordic model» which formed in the second half of the 20th century has itself no less influence than globalization on evolving Northern Europe collaboration. The originality of the model forms the novelty. The model pattern is order (dominated egalitarianism) with the state participation; freedom and the market (with tendencies of liberalism); plan (with integrated economic and political stabilizer); distribution. The «Nordic economic model» is basis with the spirit of universalism, equality and statehood in social welfare. Superstructures are social-democratic parties, consolidating political compromises, with cohesive Nordic confessional space and anthropological ideology.
14
Belukhin, N. E. "Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO) – 10 Years’ Anniversary." Journal of International Analytics, no. 4 (December 28, 2019): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2019-0-4-28-39.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
NORDEFCO which emerged as the new format of defence and militarypolitical cooperation between the countries of the Northern Europe is considered to be the logical result of the previous security initiatives of Nordic countries, but at the same time the emergence of this format has taken the cooperation to a whole new level. NORDEFCO has in ten years evolved from the structure aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of defence expenditures to the forum on security issues of the Northern Europe. Nordic countries did not manage, however, to achieve significant progress on most proposals laid out in the Stoltenberg Report of 2009. Nevertheless, as foreign policies of Nordic countries continue to converge, NORDEFCO continues to retain its value and significance, even if it is taken into account that the multilateral cooperation within the framework has not proved as effective as the bilateral cooperation as in the case of Sweden and Finland. At the same time different relations of Nordic countries with the EU and NATO hinders further progress in the sphere of defence integration. NORDEFCO along with other subregional initiatives such as NG12, NB8 and e-PINE (NB8+USA) has the potential to serve as the groundwork for a full-fledged security forum in the Baltic Sea region.
15
Bakke, Sigrid J., Monica Ionita, and Lena M. Tallaksen. "The 2018 northern European hydrological drought and its drivers in a historical perspective." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 11 (November 26, 2020): 5621–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5621-2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. In 2018, large parts of northern Europe were affected by an extreme drought. A better understanding of the characteristics and the large-scale atmospheric circulation driving such events is of high importance to enhance drought forecasting and mitigation. This paper examines the historical extremeness of the May–August 2018 meteorological situation and the accompanying meteorological and hydrological (streamflow and groundwater) drought. Further, it investigates the relation between the large-scale atmospheric circulation and summer streamflow in the Nordic region. In May and July 2018, record-breaking temperatures were observed in large parts of northern Europe associated with blocking systems centred over Fennoscandia and sea surface temperature anomalies of more than 3 ∘C in the Baltic Sea. Extreme meteorological drought, as indicated by the 3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI3) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI3), was observed in May and covered large parts of northern Europe by July. Streamflow drought in the Nordic region started to develop in June, and in July 68 % of the stations had record-low or near-record-low streamflow. Extreme streamflow conditions persisted in the southeastern part of the region throughout 2018. Many groundwater wells had record-low or near-record-low levels in July and August. However, extremeness in groundwater levels and (to a lesser degree) streamflow showed a diverse spatial pattern. This points to the role of local terrestrial processes in controlling the hydrological response to meteorological conditions. Composite analysis of low summer streamflow and 500 mbar geopotential height anomalies revealed two distinct patterns of summer streamflow variability: one in western and northern Norway and one in the rest of the region. Low summer streamflow in western and northern Norway was related to high-pressure systems centred over the Norwegian Sea. In the rest of the Nordic region, low summer streamflow was associated with a high-pressure system over the North Sea and a low-pressure system over Greenland and Russia, resembling the pattern of 2018. This study provides new insight into hydrometeorological aspects of the 2018 northern European drought and identifies large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns associated with summer streamflow drought in the Nordic region.
16
Voronov, K. "Nordic Countries in Transatlantic Partnership: a Severe Challenge." World Economy and International Relations 60, no. 3 (2016): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2016-60-3-27-35.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the Euro-Atlantic relations system (USA, NATO, EU), small Nordic countries are forced, in a conformist way, to adapt themselves to unsteady parameters of global and regional conditions. Irrespective of the Ukrainian crisis duration, they will drift together with their EU partners to a greater autonomy from the USA, not interrupting tight links with their transatlantic supervisor. It seems that the geopolitical pressure on Russia, the creation of threat to its North-West by the growing military potential is not seen very clearly. A deep transformation of relations between the USA, Europe and Russia indirectly affected the Nordic Europe. The mobilization of elites and inhabitants on the basis of defensive discourse is taking place in the Northern subregion. NATO and EU are trying to react accordingly, but still do not justify the expectations of Nordic Europeans. The new strategy accomplishing to deter Moscow’s “revisionist behavior”, but at the same time, to secure Russia's involvement in international affairs for a long-term perspective is, from viewpoint of the Nordic community, one of the priority tasks of transatlantic partners for a more balanced, stable, complex world order. The transatlantic policy of Nordic countries is changeable in a very short range of variants. In this subregion, one may see the interaction/competition between two segments of the Euro-Atlantic security: NATO (art. 5 of the Washington Treaty) and EU (Lisbon Treaty – an additional option) as an independent “power center”. The activation, especially the institutionalization of the subregional Northern defense cooperation (the report made by T. Stoltenberg on February 9, 2009; NORDEFCO; the initiative of the Ministers of Defense on April 9, 2015) may become a new strategic macro factor under conditions of the complicated interaction/ competition between two segments (NATO and EU) for the Euro-Atlantic security in the future Europe.
17
Keinänen, Nely, and Per Sivefors. "Introduction." Critical Survey 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cs.2023.350401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The story of Shakespeare's Nordic play is also, inevitably, one of cultural exchanges before, during and after the early modern period. From its origins in Nordic tradition to its re-introduction in the Nordic countries through Shakespeare's play, the story of Hamlet from the Middle Ages to the present is inextricably bound up with Nordic history and culture. In tracing some of these links, this special issue develops our recent work on the early dissemination of Shakespeare in the Nordic countries, focusing here on that most Nordic of plays, Hamlet. Although there is already a great deal of criticism on Hamlet in various national or regional contexts, very little of this has focused on the Nordic countries.1 It is therefore fitting, we believe, to provide a necessarily brief outline of the rich and varied history that Shakespeare's play has had in Northern Europe.
18
Henderson, George. "Nordic Landscapes: Region and Belonging on the Northern Edge of Europe." Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography 63, no. 3 (September 2009): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00291950903239238.
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19
Armstrong, Helen. "Nordic Landscapes: Region and Belonging on the Northern Edge of Europe." Landscape Research 36, no. 3 (June 2011): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2011.568692.
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20
Miloiu, Silviu-Marian. "Editorial Foreword." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 12, no. 1 (August 15, 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/10.53604/rjbns.v12i1_1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On 28-29 May 2020 in full Coronavirus pandemic upsurge and lockdown conditions the Eleventh Conference on Baltic and Nordic Studies gathered on Zoom instead of The Palace of Culture and The Middle Age Citadel of Târgu Mureș as initially planned. The meeting was summoned in partnership with Rethinking Europe in order to reflect, from the perspective of the Baltic Sea Region, upon the Old Continent in the context of Brexit and the pandemic. Questions on the impact of the recent evolutions on Baltic and Scandinavian states have been raised, but the perspective was much wider looking on how the countries of this region responded to structural changes or alterations of the international environment over time. The two plenary sessions on the EU after Brexit: Perspectives on the Future of Europe and Constructions of Christian Identity and the Idea of the Holy Land in the Northern Periphery: The Sawley World Map in Twelfth-Century England appropriately mirrored the sequential diversity of the conference. Panels have been devoted to Encounters, fantasies and perceptions in shaping Europe, Rethinking Europe in Nordic and Baltic cultures, Rethinking the Baltic Sea Region in Europe during the interwar period, Rethinking Scandinavia and the Baltic Sea Region in Europe during the two world wars, Intercultural relations in the Nordic and Baltic countries, Reception of Nordic literature, New perspectives on Norwegian literature, Teaching and use of Nordic languages. The main theories, concepts and ideas presented are resumed in the Book of Abstracts published before the conference, while the full papers are assembled in volume 12, issues 1 and 2 of our biannual peer review journal. The Honorary Chair of the Conference, Her Excellency Dr. Violeta Motulaitė, Ambassador of the Republic of Lithuania in Romania and Bulgaria, Honorary President of the Romanian Association for Baltic and Nordic Studies, has focused in her lecture, published in this issue, on the Lithuanian perspective of the current European Brexit and Covid crisis, professing that:
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Guðmundsdóttir, Aðalheiður. "Om hringbrot og våbendanse i islandsk tradition." Kulturstudier 1, no. 1 (November 30, 2010): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ks.v1i1.3886.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
By using those sources traditionally referred to, as well as introducing a number of new ones, the article seeks to shed light on weapon dances within the Nordic countries, placing them in a European context, the intention being to strengthen<br />the basis for further research into this area within the field of Nordic dance studies and history. Until now, the shortage of material has made it difficult for scholars to place potential Nordic weapon dances within the context of comparable<br />traditions known elsewhere in Europe. The purpose of this article is to attempt to fill this gap to some degree by presenting relevant material of a different kind.<br />In order to demonstrate that weapon dances belong to a deep-rooted tradition of dances and games in Northern Europe, some ancient pictorial sources are exhibited<br />and explained. Furthermore, Icelandic sources that shed new light on the coherence of medieval weapon dances are revealed. The Icelandic material, in other words sources which indicate that people in Iceland knew or knew of<br />weapon dances, are of two different kinds: they indicate first of all that Icelanders used to take part in a dance called hringbrot, a dance which appears to be very similar to descriptions of weapon dances of other nations. Secondly, it seems that<br />they created and preserved in their manuscripts drawings that indicate that they knew about weapon dances as early as in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.<br />The additional material presented here, which is substantial, is now being analyzed and has a valuable contribution to make to the debate concerning Nordic weapon dances. By putting the Icelandic material in connection with more traditional sources from Northern Europe, and in the broader context of Mid and<br />Western Europe, we should be able to increase our understanding of the context and development of weapon dances.
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Morozova, Natalia M., Elena S. Yakovleva, and Arina G. Alymova. "Immigration and Migration Policy in the Nordic Countries." DEMIS. Demographic research 1, no. 1 (2021): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/demis.2021.1.1.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the features of the modern system of international relations in terms of increasing globalization is the intensification of migration processes, the complication of the structure of migration flows. Compared to the migration crisis in Central Europe, the situation in Northern Europe looks more optimistic. Nevertheless, as the data of official statistics show, the number of arriving migrants is increasing every year, which creates an additional burden on the social institutions of society and increases tension in the societies. Another problem is the formation of ethnical enclaves on the territory of the recipient countries. For the research the Nordic region countries were selected: Denmark, Sweden, Iceland, Norway, Finland. These states are included in the ranking of the “happiest” countries in the world and attract migrants with high standards of living. But the geographic location makes the Nordic countries a little less attractive for the migrants than the Central European countries. The analysis of the measures implemented within the framework of the migration policy shows that the Northern European states have different approaches to solving the migration issue. The strictest model of migration policy is demonstrated by Denmark and Norway, the softest by Sweden and Finland. Iceland, due to its geographical location, is less exposed to migration problems and demonstrates a very loyal policy towards migrants. Scandinavian countries have long been facing a choice: on the one hand, there has been and still is a need for workforce, and on the other hand, the influx of huge numbers of migrants is a threat to the stability of the state. The migration crisis in Europe, which reached its peak in 2015, forced countries with “soft” migration laws to take measures towards tighter control over migration flows.
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Bailes, Alyson J. K., and Kristmundur Th Ólafsson. "Northern Europe and the Arctic Agenda: Roles of Nordic and Other Sub-Regional Organizations." Yearbook of Polar Law Online 5, no. 1 (2013): 45–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116427-91000118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Aside from the Arctic Council itself, a number of inter-governmental neighbourhood groupings – here defined as ‘sub-regional’ – have mandates covering at least part of the European High North. This paper asks how far the issues on the emerging Arctic agenda are addressed, in practical and/or policy terms, by such multilateral entities as the Nordic Council, Nordic Council of Ministers, Barents Euro-Arctic Council, Northern Dimension of the European Union, and Council of Baltic Sea States. Do these groups play conscious and helpful roles in tackling specific Arctic challenges, supporting a cooperative approach, and/or building joint Arctic policy platforms for their members? If not, do the explanations lie in the nature and limited competences of ‘sub-regional’ governance; in a lack of coordination, divisions and discrepancies between the bodies in question; or in an absence of political will? The need and scope for improvements are finally addressed against the wider political and institutional backdrop of the Arctic.
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Shayan, Fatemeh. "Islam in the Nordic and Baltic Countries (Islamic Studies Series)." American Journal of Islam and Society 28, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v28i2.1260.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Until recently, scholarly writing on Islam in the Nordic and Baltic regionshas proved to be a woefully scant enterprise. Most works that have emergedon the topic of Islam in Europe focus on the United Kingdom and France,leaving northern and eastern European regions largely underanalyzed. It isin this respect that Göran Larssonʼs edited volume is to be welcomed as animportant and long overdue contribution to the topic ...
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Hill, Christopher. "The Nordic and Baltic Churches." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 3, no. 17 (July 1995): 420–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x00000429.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In October 1992 representatives of the British and Irish Anglican Churches, together with their counterparts from the Nordic and Baltic Lutheran Churches signed an historic agreement near Porvoo in Finland which, if accepted by all these churches, will bring about their closer communion. The Porvoo Common Statement and a supporting dossier of Essays on Church and Ministry in Northern Europe were published in 1993 (Together in Mission and Ministry, Church House Publishing, London). The Porvoo Common Statement is now being considered by the General Synod which will be asked to accept a core Joint Declaration. This begins by a mutual acknowledgement of each other's churches as part of the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church. A second acknowledgement follows concerning the mutual presence of the Word of God and the Sacraments of baptism and the eucharist;then acknowledgements of the common confession of the apostolic faith and the ministry as both an instrument of grace and as having Christ's commission.
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Bengtsson, Daniel, Thord Fransson, and Jan Erik Røer. "Occurrence of Continental Blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla in northern Europe." Ornis Svecica 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v19.22660.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A recent increase of wintering Blackcaps in Scandinavia is suspected to derive from migration from central Europe. We used ringing recoveries to determine their origin. Because Blackcaps breeding in Scandinavia have longer wings than more southern Blackcaps, we also analysed wing length data from seven Nordic bird observatories to see whether there was an influx of short-winged, probably continental Blackcaps. The results showed that Scandinavia is now a part of the Blackcap’s regular wintering range. As many as 17% of Blackcaps ringed in Sweden and found again during the same autumn were recovered north of an E–W axis. This is an outstandingly high figure compared to 0–7% in some other species. A strong significant difference in dates of ringing was discovered between “long-winged” (>73 mm) and “short-winged” (<74 mm) Blackcaps. An influx of short-winged Blackcaps started in late September and this was more pronounced in Norway than in Sweden and Finland. It is probably these birds, not Scandinavian breeders forestalling migration, that are observed at bird tables during the winter.
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Sippola, Eeva. "From Nordic to Hispanic - Shift in a Family’s Given Names." Onomástica desde América Latina 4, no. 1 (September 26, 2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.48075/odal.v4i1.31600.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article examines historical changes in naming practices through first names in a region of Argentina with a history of migration from Northern Europe. First names in a migrant family are used as a case study and different periods compared. The data show the use of Nordic names in the first generations, with a drastic change towards Hispanic first names from the third generation onwards. Also hybrid naming practices that combine both Nordic, Hispanic and other names are noted. The results show how first names in Misiones have shifted over time due to changes in the community and Argentinian policies, and how these practices reflect political and ideological stances.
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Keaton, Trica Danielle. "Afro-Nordic Landscapes: Equality and Race in Northern Europe, edited by Michael McEachrane." Black Scholar 46, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00064246.2016.1119628.
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Jansik, Csaba, and Xavier Irz. "Competitiveness of Dairy Farms In Northern Europe: A Cross-Country analysis." Agricultural and Food Science 24, no. 3 (October 31, 2015): 206–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.50881.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The milk sector has received much attention in Europe due to the abolition of milk quotas in 2015 and its potential effect on the geographical distribution of milk production across countries. As a way of assessing the competitive advantage of Nordic EU countries, we investigated the productivity level and productivity growth of milk farms across eight countries of the Baltic Sea region from 1995 to 2010. We found considerable discrepancy in the productivity performance of dairy farms across countries. TFP growth rates indicate that, at farm level, the competitive positions of the older EU members are stable, and that there is no catching up from the newer EU entrants. We offer explanations for this evolution based on the different patterns of structural change followed by the studied countries.
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ARUP, Ulf. "The Caloplaca holocarpa group in the Nordic countries, except Iceland." Lichenologist 41, no. 2 (March 2009): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282909008135.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe Caloplaca holocarpa group in the Nordic countries, except Iceland, is defined genetically using the nrlTS DNA gene. The members are analysed with regard to morphology, anatomy, ecology, and chemistry. The results show that C. holocarpa seems to be a very small group, but there are many morphologically similar species outside the group. Within the group several species have been confused, but it is shown that C. holocarpa, C. pyracea, and C. vitellinula are separate taxa. Caloplaca cerinella also belongs to the group whereas C. cerinelloides does not, but is included in the treatment because of its similarity to the former species. Caloplaca lithophila H. Magn. is a synonym of either C. holocarpa or C. vitellinula, most probably of the latter. Many specimens determined to C. holocarpa belong to Caloplaca oasis, but this species is shown to have much more variable morphology and wider ecology and distribution than previously understood. Caloplaca oasis has also been confused with C. polycarpa, which is similar, but morphologically and genetically distinct, even though related. Neither of the two species belong to the C. holocarpa group, but are related to the C. citrina group, not to the C. velana group as usually believed. Other species from northern and central Europe similar to C. holocarpa belong in other groups. The treated species are described and illustrated in colour. Distribution maps are given for the study area. A key to species in northern Europe similar to C. holocarpa is also provided.
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Yanglyaeva, Marina Mikhaylovna. "Political mediageography: consumption of feminism in Northern Europe." Contemporary Europe, no. 3 (June 15, 2023): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0201708323030117.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents the results of a multidisciplinary analysis of such political constant (political sense) as “feminism”. New aspects of the reaction of societies to the practice of exercising political power in different regions and countries are revealed. The analysis was carried out on the basis of political media geography - a new discipline in political science. The author considers feminism as a political sense that fits well into the framework of “big” ideologies: communism, socialism, capitalism. The author uses the concept of a mental landscape, which can be considered as a way of thinking, attitude to any socially significant phenomena and processes of residents of a certain area, territory. The research is based on big data obtained from Google for the period 2010-2023 - the dynamics of Internet users’ requests in Nordic countries, according to topics that mark the meaning of “feminism”. The study concentrates on a new understanding of Internet bibliometrics, which takes into account the massive interest of users in various topics, expressed in the number of requests for certain keywords or phrases in a certain period of time. The author focuses on the phenomenon of anisotropy of mental landscapes especially in Sweden and Finland. Despite the fact that feminism still remains politically attractive, available empirical data indicate an increasing anisotropy of the mental landscapes of all countries in the region. Popularity of feminism fell below its peak. It is possible to predict the degradation of the ideology, the decline of its role as a factor and instrument of political struggle.
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Johannesen, Edvin W., and Per Vetlesen. "New and rare myxomycetes (Mycetozoa, Myxogastria) in Norway, including a complete checklist of Norwegian myxomycete species." AGARICA 40 (March 14, 2020): 3–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/agarica.11172.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we report 130 myxomycete species and 8 varieties as new to Norway. Several of these have not previously beenreported from the Nordic and/or Baltic region, or even in Northern Europe. Furthermore, new records of an additional 43 species arereported. These have been reported from Norway before, but are considered rare in the region. A complete checklist of Norwegian myxomycete species (363) and varieties (30) is provided as an appendix.
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Parts, Priit-Kalev. "Akadeemilised puusepad tervitasid algavat ehitushooaega Loodi puutöömõisas ja Eesti Vabaõhumuuseumis Põhjala palgipäevaga / Academic carpenters ring in the start of the construction season at Loodi Woodworking Manor and Nordic Log Day." Studia Vernacula 5 (November 5, 2014): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2014.5.157-160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Viljandi Culture Academy of the University of Tartu organized the international Nordic log construction days on 9 & 10 April 2014, the goal of which was to take a look at the multi-layered nature of log culture in Northern Europe and to discuss the current state and future outlook of log construction skills, a common part of the region’s heritage. Practical workshops, advice sessions and discussion seminars with Estonian, Latvian, Finnish and Swedish experts were included in the programme.
The results of cooperation in the international PROLOG project were summarized. The project was seeking to remove development constraints of hand-crafted log construction industry by creating a comprehensive survey and integral vision for future development of log building education in the Nordic-Baltic region. As the project summary, it is planned to take steps to have Nordic log construction heritage added to the UNESCO list of intangible heritage.
Keywords: hand-crafted log building education, intangible heritage
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Parts, Priit-Kalev. "Akadeemilised puusepad tervitasid algavat ehitushooaega Loodi puutöömõisas ja Eesti Vabaõhumuuseumis Põhjala palgipäevaga / Academic carpenters ring in the start of the construction season at Loodi Woodworking Manor and Nordic Log Day." Studia Vernacula 5 (November 5, 2014): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2014.5.157-160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Viljandi Culture Academy of the University of Tartu organized the international Nordic log construction days on 9 & 10 April 2014, the goal of which was to take a look at the multi-layered nature of log culture in Northern Europe and to discuss the current state and future outlook of log construction skills, a common part of the region’s heritage. Practical workshops, advice sessions and discussion seminars with Estonian, Latvian, Finnish and Swedish experts were included in the programme.
The results of cooperation in the international PROLOG project were summarized. The project was seeking to remove development constraints of hand-crafted log construction industry by creating a comprehensive survey and integral vision for future development of log building education in the Nordic-Baltic region. As the project summary, it is planned to take steps to have Nordic log construction heritage added to the UNESCO list of intangible heritage.
Keywords: hand-crafted log building education, intangible heritage
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Parts, Priit-Kalev. "Akadeemilised puusepad tervitasid algavat ehitushooaega Loodi puutöömõisas ja Eesti Vabaõhumuuseumis Põhjala palgipäevaga / Academic carpenters ring in the start of the construction season at Loodi Woodworking Manor and Nordic Log Day." Studia Vernacula 5 (November 5, 2014): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sv.2014.5.157-160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Viljandi Culture Academy of the University of Tartu organized the international Nordic log construction days on 9 & 10 April 2014, the goal of which was to take a look at the multi-layered nature of log culture in Northern Europe and to discuss the current state and future outlook of log construction skills, a common part of the region’s heritage. Practical workshops, advice sessions and discussion seminars with Estonian, Latvian, Finnish and Swedish experts were included in the programme.
The results of cooperation in the international PROLOG project were summarized. The project was seeking to remove development constraints of hand-crafted log construction industry by creating a comprehensive survey and integral vision for future development of log building education in the Nordic-Baltic region. As the project summary, it is planned to take steps to have Nordic log construction heritage added to the UNESCO list of intangible heritage.
Keywords: hand-crafted log building education, intangible heritage
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Tonković, Željka, Dražen Cepić, and Ivan Puzek. "Loneliness and Social Networks in Europe." Revija za sociologiju 51, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 381–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5613/rzs.51.3.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper analyses social causes of loneliness in Europe using cross-national data from the 2017 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) module “Social Networks and Social Resources” from 13 countries categorised as Northern Europe, Continental Europe, and Central and Eastern Europe. The paper aims to examine loneliness with regard to three specific groups of predictors, related to network, sociocultural and sociostructural aspects. The results suggest that sociability patterns and personal networks are the most important predictors of loneliness. While the frequency of contacts with family members and close friends and the overall number of contacts showed significance, loneliness was primarily related to the quality of personal relationships. Considering sociocultural factors, the obtained findings showed that social trust is consistently associated with lower levels of loneliness. Furthermore, people from Continental Europe were, in general, less lonely than North and East Europeans. Age was an important factor here as respondents from younger age groups were lonelier in Nordic countries than in the other two blocs of countries, while older respondents were lonelier in Central and East European countries. Finally, sociostructural indicators in general showed less predictive value compared to sociability patterns and sociocultural variables. However, when it came to socioeconomic exclusion, this aspect showed a stronger connection with loneliness for the individuals from the Nordic group of countries. The findings of this paper contribute to the vibrant field of contemporary scholarship on loneliness with a fresh perspective based on comparing three large blocs of European countries and an integrated approach to various predictors of loneliness.
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Johnson, Corey. "A Review of “Nordic Landscapes: Region and Belonging on the Northern Edge of Europe”." Professional Geographer 62, no. 1 (February 2010): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00330120903446463.
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Mäkelä, Antti, Sven-Erik Enno, and Jussi Haapalainen. "Nordic Lightning Information System: Thunderstorm climate of Northern Europe for the period 2002–2011." Atmospheric Research 139 (March 2014): 46–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.01.008.
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Johnsen, Rosemary Erickson. "Geopolitics, Northern Europe, and Nordic Noir: What Television Series Tell Us about World Politics." Scandinavian Studies 94, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 546–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.07.
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Bezrukov, Andrey V., Ilya S. Iksanov, Anastasia A. Isaeva, and Alina P. Fedorova. "Protecting migrants' right to family life in the Nordic countries." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 476 (2022): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/476/25.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, the authors refer to the migration policy of the Nordic countries and the consolidation in them at the legislative level of the right of foreign citizens to protect and respect family life. The issue under consideration is extremely relevant in this period of time, since there are problems generated by the Scandinavian juvenile justice that are directly related to the systematic violation of the rights of foreign citizens. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that it analyzes judicial practice, as well as decisions of international bodies, in particular the European Court of Human Rights, that reflect the specifics of juvenile justice in the states under consideration. The aim of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the legislation of Northern Europe and the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights in specific cases in the field of protection of the rights of foreign citizens. The study is based on the theoretical material of the works of Russian authors (M.A. Mogunova, E.A. Orlova, N.S. Plevako, O.V. Chernysheva, et al.), the national legislation and international legal acts and decisions. The article analyzes the law enforcement practice of the European Court of Human Rights, which reflects the main principles that make up the objective opinion of this body, taking into account the main provisions of international legal documents, including the norms of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalization of Foreign Public Documents. The methodological basis of the research was the dialectical, comparative legal and formal legal methods. In particular, the use of the dialectical method contributed to the study of legislation that enshrines the rights of foreign citizens to protect and respect family life in the states of Northern Europe. The use of comparative legal and formal legal methods helped to identify trends in the development of legislation on citizenship and the legal status of foreign citizens in the states of Northern Europe. As a result, the authors note a tendency for the authorities of some Scandinavian states to revise their attitude towards children from foreign and mixed families, which is happening under, among other reasons, the “pressure” of international bodies specializing in the protection of individual rights and freedoms. Special instructions are being introduced that explain to guardianship officials the need to cooperate with the immigration authorities if the officials are considering children's documents, and the need to react to requests from foreign authorities (in particular, embassies). Employees of the Scandinavian guardianship services should facilitate the establishment of contact between the family and the embassy of the state with which they have expressed a desire to contact for one reason or another.
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Dølvik, Jon Erik, and Paul Marginson. "Cross-sectoral coordination and regulation of wage determination in northern Europe: Divergent responses to multiple external pressures." European Journal of Industrial Relations 24, no. 4 (August 21, 2018): 409–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680118790820.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We examine changes in collective wage regulation in five northern European countries since 2000, with a focus on coordination across sectors, articulation between levels and determination of wage floors. Earlier change in the functioning of wage bargaining arrangements in Germany placed pressure on other northern countries. In Finland, employers recently instigated a shift from tripartite incomes policy to manufacturing-led pattern bargaining, with increased scope for decentralized negotiations. This made Finnish arrangements more similar to their Nordic counterparts, which have been marked by modest adaptations. Divergence continues in wage floor regulation. Increased statutory generalization of collectively agreed minimum wages has moved Germany and Norway closer to Finland, while Denmark and Sweden still rely solely on collective bargaining. The multi-faceted employer and state approaches to wage regulation are not consistent with recent claims of a neoliberal transformation across the northern coordinated economies.
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Hermann, Pernille. "En ny verden set fra udkanten: Europa-forestillinger hos Snorri Sturluson." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 37, no. 108 (August 22, 2009): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v37i108.21994.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A New World Seen from the Edge: Snorri Sturluson and Images of Europe:In the beginning of the 13th century, the Icelander Snorri Sturluson wrote the Prose Edda. The prologue to this text describes how the linguistic, political and religious preconditions for Northern Europe were to be found in Asia. Snorri’s perspective was determined by his position in the Christian world, and his work articulates both Christianity’s universality and history’s teleological character. Like other learned people in Medieval Europe, Snorri was guided by his knowledge of the high cultures, Antiquity’s and Christianity’s, and these were decisive for the description he gives of the North. This essay shows how the Nordic countries, positioned on the periphery of the Christian world, through the assimilation of Trojan emigrants and pre-historical Nordic people, were in the Edda assigned a status equivalent to those of the high cultures. Through a cultural translatio, Snorri modified the prevailing centre-periphery division of the world and the view that the North was subordinate to the high cultures.
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Vandkilde, Helle. "Breakthrough of the Nordic Bronze Age: Transcultural Warriorhood and a Carpathian Crossroad in the Sixteenth Century BC." European Journal of Archaeology 17, no. 4 (2014): 602–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1461957114y.0000000064.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The breakthrough of the Nordic Bronze Age (NBA) c. 1600 BC as a koiné within Bronze Age Europe can be historically linked to the Carpathian Basin. Nordic distinctiveness entailed an entanglement of cosmology and warriorhood, albeit represented through different media in the hotspot zone (bronze) and in the northern zone (rock). In a Carpathian crossroad between the Eurasian Steppes, the Aegean world and temperate Europe during this time, a transcultural assemblage coalesced, fusing both tangible and intangible innovations from various different places. Superior warriorhood was coupled to beliefs in a tripartite cosmology, including a watery access to the netherworld while also exhibiting new fighting technologies and modes of social conduct. This transculture became creatively translated in a range of hot societies at the onset of the Middle Bronze Age. In southern Scandinavia, weaponry radiated momentous creativity that drew upon Carpathian originals, contacts and a pool of Carpathian ideas, but ultimately drawing on emergent Mycenaean hegemonies in the Aegean. This provided the incentive for a cosmology-rooted resource from which the NBA could take its starting point.
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Gecht, A. B., T. V. Molchanova, A. V. Nerovny, and I. A. Tsverianashvili. "Cooperation of northern European states in the area of culture and education." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 11 (October 7, 2020): 71 (88)—78 (93). http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2011-08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is aimed at studying the interaction of the states of Northern Europe in the field of culture and education — one of the fundamentally important areas of northern European integration. Cooperation in these areas is actively developing not only due to common cultural and historical values and roots of the northern countries, but also has clear pragmatic goals. So, it carries out an important utilitarian function — the development of a common labor market in the Northern Europe region, which is largely possible thanks to the joint actions of the integration member countries aimed at the evolution of a common space in the field of culture, language and education. The effectiveness of the existing forms and mechanisms of interaction in the above areas depends on the effectiveness of training highly skilled labor and facilitating the adaptation of migrants from one state to another, both of which are part of the region. The tools include: interstate, state, regional programs, projects and forums aimed at the development of cooperation and mobility, etc. English version of the article is available on pp. 88-93 at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/cooperation-of-the-nordic-countries-in-culture-and-education/66416.html
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Belukhin, N. E., and V. V. Vorotnikov. "The Lessons of Nordic States’ Foreign Policy in the Baltic Region 1989-2004: Relevant Analogies." Comparative Politics Russia 15, no. 3 (December 5, 2024): 46–71. https://doi.org/10.46272/2221-3279-2024-3-15-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the comparative case-study of the relations between the Nordic and Baltic countries in 1989-2004 and with Ukraine from 2014 to the present day. The aim of the article is to identify change and continuity trends in Nordic states foreign policies and their tasks towards the post-Soviet space. The research is based on the published sources of the Gorbachev Foundation, documents of the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation and the memoirs of Brigadier General Michael H. Klemmesen, who was in charge of the military cooperation between Denmark and the Baltic countries in the 1990s. During the ending stage of the Cold War and in the context of growing contacts between Northern European states and the newly independent Baltic states, the Nordic balance and the constant interaction of the Nordic countries with the EU and NATO remained highly important. In both cases regarding the support for the Baltic countries during the collapse of the USSR and the weakening of Russia, and with the start of a Special military operation of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, the countries of Northern Europe despite the fundamentally different security situations took similar steps to abandon previous prudence, to revise foreign policy and defense concepts and expand cooperation with the EU and NATO as pillars of the Euro-Atlantic community. The main driving force behind providing military assistance to the Ukraine and contemporary Baltic-Scandinavian cooperation remains the same as in 1989-2004 that is to counter Russia and limit its sphere of influence.
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Scott Sørensen, Anne. ""Something is at Stake": Northern European Cultural Studies Where, How, and Why?" Culture Unbound 5, no. 1 (June 12, 2013): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.13589.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, I address the current state of cultural studies in Northern Europe and more specifically in the Nordic countries, especially in Denmark. I take my point of departure in offering an answer to the question, what is cultural studies anyhow? and raise some questions about its future directions. From that, I then discuss how we can reason about regional cultural studies since in so doing we are caught in a dilemma: on the one hand, it provides a way to nuance hegemonic his-tories and ways of mapping the international field but, on the other hand, it also inevitably leads to new generalizations and new inclusions and exclusions. I go on to examine first the (im)possibility of scaling (regional, national, etc.) and, next, the challenge it raises at different levels of setting, i.e., Northern Europe, the Nor-dic countries, and Denmark. Finally, I focus on national, i.e., Danish cultural stud-ies and return to the question of the future of the discipline.
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Heier, Tormod. "Avoiding War: How Should Northern Europe Respond to the US-Russian Rivalry?" Arctic Review on Law and Politics 9 (2018): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/arctic.v9.1218.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, Northern Europe has increasingly aligned its national defence arrangements with the United States and NATO. This contrasts with the Cold War period, when Sweden and Finland were neutral, and Norway and Denmark put self-imposed restraints on their NATO memberships. Providing Northern Europe with a stable “buffer” between East and West, this so-called Nordic balance kept the United States and Soviet Union at an arm’s length. Since 2014 however, Northern Europe has de facto slid from “buffer” to “springboard” for US forces. This slide may counter Russian assertiveness, but there is also reason to argue that it may increase regional tension and unpredictability. If so, this may leave the entire region with less rather than more security. Using the case of Norway, it is argued that too close an alignment with NATO may have accelerated Norway’s role as a “springboard” for US forces. This is because cost-intensive reforms needed to accommodate US expectations abroad have also exacerbated critical vulnerabilities at home. Increased dependency on US forces thereby makes difficult the balance between deterrence and restraint vis-à-vis Russia. Responsible Editor: Øyvind Ravna, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Kyrpychnyk, R. "THE ROLE OF NORDISM AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES." National Technical University of Ukraine Journal. Political science. Sociology. Law, no. 1(57) (May 31, 2023): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2308-5053.2023.1(57).280798.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article examines and analyzes the main conceptual foundations of the development of political Nordism and its influence on the formation of the political culture of the Scandinavian countries. The categorical-conceptual apparatus of the study of the problems of the formation of political Nordism is concretized, in particular, the dialectic of development in the modern political process is clarified and the existing approaches of foreign and domestic researchers to the assessment of this phenomenon and its influence on modern political processes in the Scandinavian countries are summarized. Paying comprehensive attention to the analysis of the phenomenon that preceded Nordism, namely the term Scandinavism, which refers to the implementation of regional cooperation projects at the civil, administrative, and cultural levels in the countries of Northern Europe. Analyzing this aspect of the history of regional relations between these countries, we identify the special factors that distinguish the phenomenon of "Scandinavism" and "Nordism" from other forms of regional cooperation in Europe in the second half of the 20th century. All this is traced in the firmly formed and functioning practice of "Nordic cooperation" in the political life of the population of the Northern of Europe. Along with this, the disclosure of the theme of "Nordism" contributes to the refutation of the idea that northern cooperation did not exist or was extremely insignificant before the appearance of the Northern Council. One of the main factors in the formation and effective development of political Nordicism is the absence of certain essential factors that strongly oppose the formation of this phenomenon, which makes it interesting in the global context. Our analysis leads us to believe that all these features are the result that distinguish the Nordic model of cooperation from the global trend of the relationship between political culture and national identity. The model of cooperation envisaged by Nordism went far beyond the scope of simple Scandinavism, in fact it was a modernization and revision of all previously formed postulates of cooperation, which in turn brought considerable progress and gains in the development of the political culture of the Scandinavian region. Let's look at this assumption in more detail and give it great validity.
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Slusher, Jeffrey L. "Runic Wisdom inNjal's Sagaand Nordic Mythology—Roots of an Oral Legal Tradition in Northern Europe." Law & Literature 3, no. 1 (March 1991): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1535685x.1991.11015691.
Повний текст джерела
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Gregersen, Frans, and Unn Røyneland. "Introduction: Sociolinguistics." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 32, no. 2 (October 23, 2009): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586509990023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
First of all we want to thank the general editors of the Nordic Journal of Linguistics for this opportunity to present to the readers of one of the most important linguistics journals in Northern Europe some specimens of sociolinguistic research. When we were approached by the general editors, we wholeheartedly agreed that this would be a good idea, although – or rather, precisely for this reason – sociolinguists in general have not been keen on publishing in NJL in the past. We have a modest hope that the present issue will change this.