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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Noise barriers Evaluation"

1

Wayson, Roger, John MacDonald, Ahmed EI-Assar, Win Lindeman, and Mariano Berrios. "Florida Noise Barrier Evaluation and Computer Model Validation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1859, no. 1 (January 2003): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1859-09.

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The results of a project that investigated the effectiveness of in situ noise barriers in Florida are presented. The prediction accuracy of the FHWA Traffic Noise Model (TNM) is compared with STAMINA 2.0 and 2.1 (Florida-specific). A total of 20 barrier sites were visited during a 3-year period that resulted in 844 discrete 20-min equivalent sound level (Leq) measurements behind the barriers. Barrier insertion loss was determined using the ANSI indirect barrier method. A methodology was developed to estimate shadow zone length created behind highway noise barriers. All of the barriers tested were effective (>5 dB:LAeq insertion loss at distances equivalent to the first row of homes, where LAeq is the A-weighted Leq) except one site because of marginal additional shielding from a berm–barrier combination. Only three sites had an insertion loss of less than 5 dB at distances representative of the second row of homes. Overall, measurements indicate that the barriers provide substantial sound level reduction for residents along the highway. TNM was the best prediction model when considering all test sites; however, the STAMINA models were more accurate at predicting source level. TNM predictions using the Average pavement input overpredicted the reference sound levels measured at these sites. TNM predictions using the OGAC (open-graded asphalt concrete) input were improved (under 2 dB:LAeq of error) over those using the Average pavement type input. This result is expected because Florida uses an open-graded asphalt friction mix.
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2

Marková, Petra, Vítězslav Křivánek, Blanka Hablovičová, and Jindřich Frič. "EVALUATION OF NOISE ATTENUATION OF BARRIERS WITH GREENERY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Akustika, VOLUME 40 (2021): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika2021408.

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The article is focused on the measurements of different types of “environmental” built noise barriers (semi-vegetation, green belt, barriers with vegetation) which were measured in the different places in the Czech Republic. In situ measuring was carried out in accordance with the standard ISO 1996. Short-term synchronous measurements were carried out in front of and behind the noise barrier and the effectiveness of noise barriers was determined. The measurement results show a slight increase in acute attenuation in anti-noise elements using vegetation. During the growing season, when greening occurs, a more pronounced acoustic attenuation compared to dormancy has been clearly demonstrated. This research was supported by the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic.
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3

Dasarathy, A. K., and M. Tamil selvi. "Noise Reduction Using Concrete Barriers: A Case Study." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012010.

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Abstract Noise pollution is becoming more and more acute, and hence many researchers are studying the noise attenuation effect and prevention of noise. In this study an attempt has been made to find the reduction in noise levels at National Highway 45 near peerkankaranai in Chennai. Two sensitive places were selected along NH 45 by examining attenuation of noise by providing noise barriers in the form of concrete structures. The primary goal of this project was to identify innovative design of noise barrier that has the potential to be implemented in NH 45, Chennai. Based on the research and evaluation conducted for this study, it was recommended that two innovative barrier designs be implemented in Chennai. First, a noise prediction is made at the specified location on the highway under certain traffic conditions in order to determine the noise level by measurement and decide on the barrier requirement. The installation of sound barriers is feasible enough to cause a significant decrease in noise pollution at the roads. Considerable noise attenuation is achieved by providing concrete noise barrier. The paper provides Leq at the time of traffic data recorded was 105.1 dBA at NH45 and 91.108 dBA at NH5 during the time of observation at installation of barrier the values are 70.09 dBA 79.11 dBA, respectively. Noise reduction is possible and noise reduction is predominantly reduced by providing barrier.
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4

Lacasta, A. M., A. Penaranda, I. R. Cantalapiedra, C. Auguet, S. Bures, and M. Urrestarazu. "Acoustic evaluation of modular greenery noise barriers." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 20 (December 2016): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2016.08.010.

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5

Ross, Jason C., Mark Arnoldy, and Jonathan Evans. "New Hampshire Department of Transportation Statewide Noise Barrier Study." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 24 (September 18, 2018): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118797188.

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This paper presents the results of a statewide noise barrier study for the New Hampshire Department of Transportation (NHDOT). The feasibility and reasonableness of noise barriers throughout the state has been evaluated according to NHDOT acoustical and cost-effectiveness criteria. The study has provided the DOT with an estimate of the potential noise barrier material costs associated with a newly implemented Type II noise barrier program. The study also has identified municipalities that the DOT can coordinate with for enacting noise-compatible planning regulations. The paper describes the methodology used to develop the screening-level noise barrier evaluation. Highway noise levels throughout the state and the distances from the highway where noise levels exceed the noise abatement criteria were determined. A method to predict the noise reduction of barriers (insertion loss) based on a simple geometrical relationship of receptors and potential noise barriers was established and has been shown to correlate well to detailed traffic noise models using actual roadway and terrain geometry. The simplified prediction method was used to evaluate over 300 miles of highway, 300 candidate noise barrier study areas, and over 30,000 receptors. This screening-level modeling approach is critical to the practicality of using the Traffic Noise Model across the entire state given the significant number of receptors and noise barrier study areas. The results of the study including information about all 30,000 receptors and 300 noise barrier study areas were collected in Google Earth™ data files for easy access when the DOT responds to noise complaints from the public.
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6

İLGÜREL, Nuri, Neşe YÜĞRÜK AKDAĞ, and Ali AKDAĞ. "EVALUATION OF NOISE EXPOSURE BEFORE AND AFTER NOISE BARRIERS, A SIMULATION STUDY IN ISTANBUL." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 24, no. 4 (December 16, 2016): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2016.1184671.

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İstanbul is the most prominent Turkish city in terms of the gradually worsening noise problems associated with the rapid increase in population. This study aims to investigate the noise exposure in the settlements around the link roads connecting the Bosporus Bridge to the European side of the city by the aid of simulations and noise mapping, in the frame of action planning studies performed in İstanbul. Noise maps were generated for Lden and Ln noise indicators with the help of a noise mapping software. Since a considerable part of the settlements is exposed to high noise levels, a noise barrier alongside the link road was proposed as a control measure by the aid of the acoustic simulation. Simulations with the noise barriers suggest that for the Lden time interval the noise affected area over 55 dba would reduce by 10%, the number of dwellings by 26% and the number of inhabitants by 25%, whereas for the Ln time interval the noise affected area over 45 dba would reduce by 5%, the number of dwellings by 20% and the number of inhabitants by 20%.
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7

Koh, Hyo-In, Seungho Jang, and Ji-Young Hong. "Investigation of Noise Spectrum Characteristics for an Evaluation of Railway Noise Barriers." International Journal of Railway 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7782/ijr.2013.6.3.125.

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8

Wu, Yizhou, Wentao Li, Jiacheng Yang, Siqin Wu, Heyuan You, Shenyan Wu, Xin Wu, and Xuxu Guo. "Simulation-Based Optimisation for Urban Environmental Noise Coupled with Auditory and Visual Subjective Evaluation." Complexity 2020 (August 7, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6958367.

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Environmental noise has a major negative impact, causing interference for people to communicate, rest, sleep, and general annoyance. In order to control urban environmental noise, simulation-based optimisation for urban environmental noise is conducted. On the basis of the current acoustic environment of Zhaohui Campus of Zhejiang University of Technology, three optimisation plans that include noise barrier optimisation, greenbelt optimisation, and a combination optimisation of noise barrier and greenbelt are proposed. These scenarios are simulated using NoiseSystem software to obtain their ability to reduce noise and determine auditory perception by using different control measures. To determine the visual perception of the optimisation plan, 100 people of different age groups were randomly selected, and each person scored the noise barrier and the greenbelt in the simulated scenarios. Results of the comprehensive evaluation of auditory and visual perception show that noise barriers can provide better auditory feelings, but greenbelts can provide a better auditory and visual subjective experience. Therefore, in addition to the application of noise control measures, their visual design must be fully considered. Moreover, the visual perception of plants is stronger than that of others.
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9

Laxmi, Vijaya, Chaitanya Thakre, and Ritesh Vijay. "Evaluation of noise barriers based on geometries and materials: a review." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29, no. 2 (October 27, 2021): 1729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16944-2.

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10

Daigle, G. A., Y. Gabillet, and A. L’Esperance. "Experimental and theoretical evaluation of outdoor noise barriers including propagation effects." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 4 (October 1991): 2305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.402354.

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Дисертації з теми "Noise barriers Evaluation"

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Chau, Pak-lam. "Evaluation on the effectiveness of noise barriers for road traffic noise mitigation /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20038173.

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2

Chau, Pak-lam, and 周栢林. "Evaluation on the effectiveness of noise barriers for road traffic noise mitigation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253970.

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3

Monazzam, Esmaeil Poor M. R. "Application of diffuser surfaces on single profile environmental noise barriers: evaluation, theory and optimization." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491800.

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Profile structures were previously introduced to improve the performance of noise barriers. Subsequent researches on reactive surfaces have shown that these surfaces improve the performance of the profile barriers at certain frequency ranges. This thesis details an investigation into prediction, measurement and the reduction mechanism of profile Schroeder diffuser barriers.
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4

Koussa, Faouzi. "Evaluation de la performance acoustique des protections antibruit innovantes utilisant des moyens naturels : application aux transports terrestres." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776758.

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Le bruit dû aux infrastructures de transports terrestres fait partie des premières préoccupations environnementales de ce début de 21e siècle. Un moyen utilisé pour réduire ce bruit est de placer des protections acoustiques le long des grands axes routiers et ferroviaires. Actuellement, les choix de ces protections antibruit se portent généralement sur des solutions traditionnelles : écran droit, merlon, écran incliné, écran avec un couronnement. Le but de ce travail est de proposer des protections acoustiques innovantes utilisant des moyens naturels et d'en étudier la performance acoustique en utilisant des approches numériques et expérimentales. L'approche numérique peut être couplée en outre à un outil d'optimisation, développé dans cette thèse, pour chercher des formes améliorées de tels dispositifs antibruit novateurs. Après une présentation des principaux phénomènes mis en jeu dans la propagation des ondes acoustiques en milieu extérieur complexe, un état de l'art des principaux écrans acoustiques dédiés aux transports terrestres a été établi, permettant de choisir trois protections antibruit innovantes pour en étudier la performance acoustique. Une analyse des principales méthodes de simulation numérique, de mesure et d'optimisation des protections antibruit a permis de choisir les méthodes adaptées à notre problématique des écrans acoustiques utilisant des moyens naturels. Les méthodes choisies ont été utilisées dans ce travail pour évaluer la performance acoustique de ces écrans innovants. Pour le premier écran choisi, dit écran en gabions, nous avons effectué des mesures in-situ et sur modèles réduits, ainsi que des simulations numériques montrant une efficacité satisfaisante. Pour le deuxième écran, utilisant des cristaux soniques, et pour le troisième écran, de type merlon acoustique de forme complexe, nous avons réalisé une étude numérique paramétrique suivie d'une étude d'optimisation. Les résultats des calculs ont montré l'intérêt de tels dispositifs antibruit pour réduire le bruit de circulation routière et ferroviaire en milieu urbain et ils ont abouti à des formes améliorées des protections acoustiques utilisant des moyens naturels.
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5

Pourbaghi, Masouleh Milad. "Development of lipid nanocapsules for antiangiogenic treatment of glioblastoma and evaluation of their potential for nose-to-brain drug delivery." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0037.

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Le glioblastome (GB), tumeur primitive du cerveau, la plus agressive, et la plus fréquente chez l’adulte, présente une prolifération vasculaire importante. Des agents thérapeutiques innovants ciblant à la fois l'angiogenèse et les cellules tumorales sont recherchés, ainsi que des systèmes pour augmenter leur délivrance dans la tumeur cérébrale. Un de ces agents est le sorafénib (SFN), un inhibiteur de tyrosine kinase. Sa mauvaise solubilité aqueuse et ses effets secondaires indésirables limitent son utilisation. Le premier objectif de cette thèse était d'encapsuler cet agent dans des nanocapsules lipidiques (NCL) pour contrer ces inconvénients. Nous avons développé des NCL avec une haute efficacité d'encapsulation du SFN qui inhibaient in vitro l'angiogenèse et la viabilité de la lignée de GB humain U87MG. La délivrance intratumorale de SFN-NCL chez des souris porteuses d’une tumeur intracérébrale U87MG induit une normalisation vasculaire tumorale précoce qui pourrait améliorer l'efficacité de la chimiothérapie et de la radiothérapie. Le second objectif était de définir si la délivrance intranasale de NCL pouvait constituer une voie non-invasive alternative. Nous avons étudié via le transfert d'énergie par résonance de type Förster, le devenir des NCL chargées d’un fluorochrome à travers des monocouches de cellules Calu-3, un modèle de l'épithélium nasal. L'utilisation de NCL augmente le passage du fluorochrome à travers les cellules Calu-3, mais les particules sont rapidement dégradées après leur capture. Ces données mettent en évidence que les NCL sont appropriées pour la délivrance locale du SFN mais doivent être modifiées pour une délivrance intranasale
Glioblastoma (GB), the most aggressive, and the most frequent primary tumor of the brain in adults, present a prominent vascular proliferation. Innovative therapeutic agents targeting both angiogenesis and tumor cells are urgently required, along with competent systems for their delivery to the brain tumor. One such agent is sorafenib (SFN), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. However, poor aqueoussolubility and undesirable side effects limit its clinical application. The first objective of this thesis was to encapsulate this drug inside lipid nanocapsules(LNCs) to overcome these drawbacks. We developed LNCs with a high SFN encapsulation efficiency (>90%) that inhibited in vitro angiogenesis and the viability of the human U87MG GB cell line. Intratumoral delivery of SFN-LNCs in mice bearing intracerebral U87MG tumors induced early tumor vascular normalization which could be used to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of GB. The second objective was to define whether intranasal delivery of LNCs could be an alternative non-invasive route. In this regard, we investigated through Förster resonance energy transfer, the fate of dye-loaded LNCs across Calu-3 cell monolayers, a model of the nasal mucosa. We showed that employment of LNCs dramatically increased the delivery of the dye acrossCalu-3 cell monolayer but they were rapidly degraded after their uptake. These data highlight that LNCs are suitable nanocarriers for the local delivery of SFN but must be redesigned for enhancing their nose-to-brain delivery
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Книги з теми "Noise barriers Evaluation"

1

Cohn, Louis F. Special noise barrier applications, Phase III: Final report. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1996.

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2

Cohn, Louis F. Special noise barrier applications, Phase III: Technical report. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1996.

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3

Kay, Dianne H. Evaluation of service life of noise barrier walls in Illinois. Edwardsville, IL: Illinois Transportation Research Center, 1999.

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4

Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (U.S.). An evaluation of laboratory test results for the U.S. gypsum sight and sound screen system. Washington, DC: HITEC, 1997.

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5

Bowlby, William, Rennie Williamson, Darlene Reiter, Kenneth Kaliski, Karl Washburn, Judy Rochat, Jack Meighan, et al. Field Evaluation of Reflected Noise from a Single Noise Barrier. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/25297.

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6

Donavan, Paul R., Linda M. Pierce, Dana M. Lodico, Judith L. Rochat, and Harvey S. Knauer. Evaluating Pavement Strategies and Barriers for Noise Mitigation. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/22541.

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7

Bowlby, William, Rennie Williamson, Darlene Reiter, Clay Patton, Geoffrey Pratt, Ken Kaliski, Karl Washburn, et al. Field Evaluation of Reflected Noise from a Single Noise Barrier�"Phase 1. Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/23457.

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8

Foundation, Civil Engineering Research, and Highway Innovative Technology Evalution Center (U.S.), eds. Guidelines for evaluating the performance of highway sound barriers. Washington, D.C: Civil Engineering Research Foundation, 1996.

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9

K, Romick-Allen Richard, Illinois Transportation Research Center, and Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville. School of Engineering., eds. Acoustics of sound transmission over noise barrier walls. Edwardsville, IL: Illinois Transportation Research Center, Illinois Dept. of Transportation, 1999.

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10

Foundation, Civil Engineering Research, ed. An evaluation of laboratory test results for the U.S. gypsum sight and sound screen system. Washington, D.C: Civil Engineering Research Foundation, 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "Noise barriers Evaluation"

1

Khan, Abid Hossain, Muhammed Mahbubur Razzaque, and Md Shafiqul Islam. "Performance Evaluation of Multi-layer Barriers for Machine-Induced Low-Frequency Noise Attenuation." In Intelligent Manufacturing and Energy Sustainability, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1616-0_1.

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2

Barba, Antonio, and Juan M. Martinez-Orozco. "Approaches for Noise Barrier Effectiveness Evaluation based on In Situ “Insertion Loss” Determination." In Noise Control [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104397.

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In situ evaluation of the effectiveness of noise barriers may be based on the assessment of their intrinsic or extrinsic characteristics. The evaluation of intrinsic characteristics is based on acoustic properties, such as noise barrier absorption or insulation. The evaluation of the extrinsic characteristics is based on the calculation of the barrier Insertion Loss, which is defined as the difference in the noise level before and after the installation of the barrier. Insertion Loss is calculated using two different approaches: the direct and indirect methods. The direct method is used when the barrier has not been installed yet or can be removed, while the indirect method is used when the barrier is already installed and cannot be easily removed. This chapter describes the different approaches used in the scientific literature for in situ evaluation of the effectiveness of noise barriers and discusses the noise attenuation levels obtained with each approach.
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Barba, Antonio, and Juan M. Martinez-Orozco. "Approaches for Noise Barrier Effectiveness Evaluation based on In Situ “Insertion Loss” Determination." In Noise Control [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104397.

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Анотація:
In situ evaluation of the effectiveness of noise barriers may be based on the assessment of their intrinsic or extrinsic characteristics. The evaluation of intrinsic characteristics is based on acoustic properties, such as noise barrier absorption or insulation. The evaluation of the extrinsic characteristics is based on the calculation of the barrier Insertion Loss, which is defined as the difference in the noise level before and after the installation of the barrier. Insertion Loss is calculated using two different approaches: the direct and indirect methods. The direct method is used when the barrier has not been installed yet or can be removed, while the indirect method is used when the barrier is already installed and cannot be easily removed. This chapter describes the different approaches used in the scientific literature for in situ evaluation of the effectiveness of noise barriers and discusses the noise attenuation levels obtained with each approach.
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4

Cobo Dorado, Martha, Gissell Rodríguez Milan, and Alice Elizabeth González. "Evaluation of Industrial Noise Reduction Achieved with a Green Barrier: Case Study." In The Acoustics of Materials - New Approaches [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108835.

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In this chapter, a case study is presented on the evaluation of acoustic performance of a tree barrier. It is a eucalyptus barrier that was planted as a visual barrier to block an industrial plant. First, the depletion law of sound pressure levels (SPL) of the source was analyzed; a linear divergence was found. A calculation scheme similar to that of ISO 9613-2 was applied. When comparing the SPL measured at a specific receiver with the results of propagating the SPL from the source without considering the existence of the barrier, an extra attenuation of 12 dB appeared, reinforcing the idea that the plantation behaves as an acoustic barrier. Four different calculations were used to obtain its insertion loss (IL), including general equations and expressions developed for green barriers. The best fit was obtained using equations for solid barriers, although it was not the expected result. This finding could be explained by the great distance between the source and the receiver. It opens the possibility of successfully using IL prediction equations for solid acoustic barriers (both thin and thick) to estimate the acoustic performance of green barriers, at least under conditions similar to those of this case study.
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5

Lachinger, S., M. Kwapisz, M. Ralbovsky, and H. Kari. "Example of a fatigue life evaluation of noise barriers along a high speed railway line." In Life-Cycle of Engineering Systems, 1608–14. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315375175-208.

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6

Astolfi, Arianna, Paola Orecchia, Elena Bo, Louena Shtrepi, Cristina Calleri, and Francesco Aletta. "Influence of Soundscapes on Perception of Safety and Social Presence in an Open Public Space." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 126–49. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3637-6.ch006.

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This chapter addresses the effect of different soundscapes on the perception of safety and the feeling of social presence in an urban open space. The investigation was conducted through the virtual reproduction of different scenarios submitted to participants' evaluation through a laboratory test. A subjective assessment test with a three-level factorial design was implemented in which participants had to rate 18 different audio-visual scenarios with respect to their safety and social presence perception. The scenarios presented three different views of a pedestrian passage in which different acoustic conditions were tested, namely the presence of traffic noise barrier and of classical or jazz music background. The results of statistical analyses showed that background music improved the perception of safety and the social presence feeling. In detail, jazz music was the stimulus that reported higher scores in these evaluations, with respect to classical music. Finally, music influence on social presence resulted to be significantly higher for female participants than for male ones.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Noise barriers Evaluation"

1

Chintakunta, Satish R., and Shane D. Boone. "Non-destructive inspection protocol for reinforced concrete barriers and bridge railings." In 40TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: Incorporating the 10th International Conference on Barkhausen Noise and Micromagnetic Testing. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4864910.

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2

Saw, Li Juan, Hanalim Linda, and Tolioe Amelio William. "Noise Logging Application for Well Integrity Evaluation: A Case Study in Peninsular Malaysia." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31401-ms.

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Abstract Objectives/Scope Field-X was first discovered in 1979, comprising of saturated oil reservoirs with several shallower non-associated gas reservoirs. Field-X is currently producing from several oil producers. X8 well was recently drilled, completed, and produce from A and B reservoirs. However, 5 months later, the oil rate has been reduced by half with gas oil ratio (GOR) increased up to 5 times. Consequently, the well had to be shut-in due to reservoir management plan (RMP) violation. X9 well was drilled and completed, but 5 years later the well started experiencing the sustained production casing pressure (PCP) and was forced to shut-in in the following year with the locked-in potential of both A and B reservoirs. To diagnose the root cause of high GOR (HGOR) in X8 well and sustained PCP in X9 well, the Spectral Noise Log (SNL) was deployed. The main advantage of utilizing SNL is its capability of detecting fluid movement behind tubing and casing. High differential pressure creates lots of fluid movement, which generates higher noise amplitude. Meanwhile, smaller pores or leaks generate higher frequency noise that can be easily picked up by SNL. SNL tool was run in flowing condition for X8 well and the results indicated the HGOR zones were mainly contributed by the shallower B05 sand which was flowing through the leaked 4-1/2″ liner packer. Temperature deflections also indicated that the liner packer seal was leaking and B05 reservoir was contributing to the production. The liner packer leak and B05 reservoir flow would not have been detected by conventional production logging tools as the flow was happening beyond the tubing and casing. For X9 well, SNL was run in the wellbore whilst pumping water via annulus, through the leaks and flowing back up the tubing. Three tubing leaks were successfully detected from the SNL run, whereas previous conventional noise log only managed to detect 2 leaks. It is possible that the third small leak was very small, hence the conventional tool was unable to detect it. X8 well successfully back online with 8.4% rate increase than last production with GOR reduced back to initial GOR and X9 well successfully back online as per last production rate. The liner packers which are not permanent barriers for reservoir isolation and allocation can be validated, moreover, verifying that tubing leakage is mainly contributed by tubing joints, which can be used as the main input in tubing materials selection in the future. Well integrity issues can cause significant loss of production, oil spill or worst case, even loss of lives. Proper selection in data acquisition tools helps to accurately diagnose well integrity issues that can be swiftly addressed. In the low oil price environment, skimming down on data acquisition costs may not uncover the true underlying well issues or reservoir issues, but might jeopardize future projects to be undertaken in years to come.
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Matar, Saad, Shiv Jalan, Yousef Ali, Ahmad Alshammari, Eiman Al-Ajmi, Ciro Aparicio, Mahmoud Gobran, Arafat Saleh, Sergey Prosvirkin, and Raveen Vishnu. "A Success Story of Detecting the Source of Gas Leak in Annulus-B Using Total Well Integrity Tools and the Remedial Action in an Oil Well of Kuwait Oil Company." In SPE Thermal Well Integrity and Production Symposium. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212142-ms.

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Abstract Objectives/Scope Well integrity monitoring is one of the critical processes in oil and gas wells to prevent unintended fluid movement or loss of containment to the environment. In this case study, there was continuous gas leakage to surface at high pressure through annulus "B" of an oil well in East Kuwait area. The detection and securing of the gas leak in this well was essential not only for securing the well and restoring production, but also for environmental considerations due to the sensitive geographical location. This paper presents an innovative logging combination for total well integrity assessment, including spectral noise, high-resolution temperature, multi-barrier corrosion evaluation, and fluid type identification for downhole gas leak detection. The paper also presents remedial actions taken to secure well integrity after assessing and evaluating diagnostic logs at each stage with a workover rig. Methods, Procedures, Process Innovative combination of different measurements for total well integrity assessment including spectral noise, high-resolution temperature, multi-barrier corrosion evaluation, and fluid type identification logs have been used to detect the downhole source(s) of this gas leak. Multiple cement squeezing across single and multiple casings were designed and performed based on the logging results to stop the leak and secure the well. After completing each cement squeezing job, surface pressure in annulus "B" was being monitored and downhole logging surveys were being performed to check if there was still downhole gas flow. Results, Observations, Conclusions The different logging results showed strong indications for multiple sources of this gas flow in annulus "B" across different formations around the well. The poor primary cementing job allowed formation fluids (e.g. gas, oil and water) to migrate to shallow reservoirs and surface. The remedial cement squeezing jobs have been successfully performed and achieved a solid hydraulic vertical barrier to stop the gas flow activity. The gas flow stopped, surface pressure in annulus "B" disappeared and restored production of 700 bopd from the well. It is a case story of a successful well integrity workover in a very challenging well that ended by fixing the gas leak, restoring the well production, protecting the surrounding wells and environment, and saving the cost of either sidetracking the well or P&A (plug and abandonment). Novel/Additive Information The innovative well integrity logs in combination with conventional cementing remedial jobs, allowed us to achieve complete well integrity. The use of advanced well integrity logs (e.g. spectral noise, high-resolution temperature, multi-barrier corrosion evaluation, and fluid type identification) were beneficial to determine the exact depths of the leak points and determine the exact location of the remedial jobs (e.g. remedial cement jobs) to stop the migration of gas from the formation to shallow reservoirs and surface.
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Ito, Kaita, Hitoshi Kuriki, Hiroshi Araki, Seiji Kuroda, and Manabu Enoki. "Estimation of thermal cracking stress during spraying of thermal barrier coatings by laser AE method." In 40TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: Incorporating the 10th International Conference on Barkhausen Noise and Micromagnetic Testing. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4864858.

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Anagnostopoulos, Eleftherios, and Yann Kernin. "Application of Artificial Intelligence for Automated Detection of Defects in Nuclear Energy Domain." In 2021 48th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/qnde2021-74889.

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Abstract Ensuring the integrity of the primary circuit in nuclear power plants is crucial considering the extreme pressures and temperatures while operating Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR). Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) on such harsh environments is a challenging and complex scenario. Automated assistance on acquisition and analysis systems can importantly contribute as supplementary safety barrier by providing real-time alarms for potential existence of defects. In this paper we present the application of Artificial Intelligence in Visual Testing (VT) of Bottom Mounted Nozzles (BMN) of the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV). The method that we apply is based on Object Detection using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) combined with the Transfer Learning technique in order to limit the necessary training time of the model and the use of Data Augmentation methods for reducing the size of the learning data set. The proposed CNN demonstrates great performances for automatic surface defect detection (cracks) in highly noisy environments with variating illumination conditions. These performances combined with accurate localization and characterization of the defects confirms the interest of advanced CNNs against traditional imaging processing methods for NDT applications. In this study, the results of a comparative blind-test between Human VT analysts are also presented.
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Elyas, Mohamed, Sherif Aly, Uche Achinanya, Sergey Prosvirkin, Shayma AlSaffar, Muthafar Mohammad, Mohammad Siddiqui, and Awrad Fahad. "Well Integrity Catastrophe Avoided Through Advanced Well Integrity and Reservoir Monitoring Analysis, a Case Study." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208055-ms.

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Abstract Well integrity is one of the main challenges that are facing operators, finding the source of the well problem and isolating it before a catastrophic event occurs. This study demonstrates the power of integrating different reservoir monitoring and well integrity logs to evaluate well integrity, identify the underlying cause of the potential failure, and providing a potential corrective solution. Recently, some Injector/producer wells reported migration of injection fluids/gas into shallower sections, charging these formations and increasing the risk of compromised well integrity. Characterization of the well issues required integration of multi-detector pulsed-neutron, well integrity (multi finger caliper, multi-barrier corrosion, cement evaluation, and casing thickness measurements), high precision temperature logs and spectral noise logs. After data integration, detailed analysis was performed to specifically find the unique issues in each well and assess possible corrective actions. The integrated well integrity logs clearly showed different 9.625-inch and 13.375-inch casings leak points. The reservoir monitoring logs showed lateral and vertical gas and water movements across Wara, Tayarat, Rus, and Radhuma formations. Cement evaluation loges showed no primary cement behind the first barrier casing which was the root cause of the problem. Therefore, the proposed solution, was a cement squeeze. Post squeeze, re-logging occurred, validating zonal isolation and a return of a standard geothermal gradient across the Tayarat formation. Most importantly, the cement evaluation identified good bond from the squeeze point clear to surface, isolating all formations. All these wells were returned to service (injector/producer), daily annular pressure monitoring confirmed that no further pressure build up was seen. Kuwait Oil Company managed to avoid a catastrophic well integrity event on these wells and utilized the approach presented to take the proper corrective actions, and validate that the action taken resolved the initial well integrity issues. Consequently, the wells were returned to service, and the company avoided a costly high probability blowout.
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Mandal, Batakrishna, Xiang Wu, Sadig Huseynov, Adesoji Adedamola, Teles Huanga, Tahmina Mirzayeva, Fuad Rahimov, and Ofeliya Novruzaliyeva. "Case Study in Well Integrity Assurance with Enhanced Ultrasonic Technology for a Highly Attenuative Environment." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207012-ms.

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Abstract While applying acoustics is not a new science, inherent uncertainties with these techniques are still not addressing challenges that limit confidence in well integrity programs. The Caspian region's significant challenges for cement evaluations include heavy mud and thick casing, as well as the high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) nature of gas condensate wells, which reduces the contrast in acoustic impedance. Accordingly, difficulties have remained in the interpretation of conventional cement bond logs, which has led many operators to be suspicious of well integrity technologies. This paper focuses on the application of ultrasonic cement evaluation technology in the Caspian Sea, and compares results between advanced ultrasonic applications and traditional cement bond logs in heavy mud. The workflow is presented to integrate the advancement of this technology and to eliminate the uncertainties in well integrity analysis. Increasing confidence for further drilling of a high-pressure gas reservoir has been achieved by combining these various measurements that enable a definitive analysis of zonal isolation. The main objective of this well assurance program was to ensure zonal isolation and shoe integrity in order to drill ahead to perform formation integrity tests (FITs). However, obtaining high-resolution cement data in heavy, 2.16-sg, oil-based mud (OBM) was the biggest concern due to the limitations of standard ultrasonic technology. The wide disparity in acoustic impedance, combined with the low contrast between heavy mud and the cemented section, makes evaluation of cement quality and zonal isolation doubtful. Although well conditions challenged the standard measurements, the cement evaluation objective was achieved with the new technology by ensuring 360° azimuthal coverage in permeable sand zones capable of unwanted hydrocarbon production – i.e., preventing sustained casing pressure (SCP). Moreover, a strong and continuous 40-m cement bond prevented crossflow from charging zones through the wellbore and also acted as a barrier against corrosion. Enhancement of pulse-echo technology has proved that it can be applied in a highly attenuative environment to achieve high-fidelity data. Highly acoustic attenuative mud is a major challenge for acoustic ultrasonic technology to achieve a quality answer product for well integrity. To mitigate this problem, a new tool was developed with a highly sensitive low-noise transducer, and with special programmable (both voltage and frequency) firing circuitry, to enhance the transducer signal at the resonance frequency of the casing. The various features of the processing algorithm are also improved, based on the numerous laboratory and field measurements.
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Mandal, Batakrishna, Xiang Wu, Sadig Huseynov, Adesoji Adedamola, Teles Huanga, Tahmina Mirzayeva, Fuad Rahimov, and Ofeliya Novruzaliyeva. "Case Study in Well Integrity Assurance with Enhanced Ultrasonic Technology for a Highly Attenuative Environment." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207012-ms.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Abstract While applying acoustics is not a new science, inherent uncertainties with these techniques are still not addressing challenges that limit confidence in well integrity programs. The Caspian region's significant challenges for cement evaluations include heavy mud and thick casing, as well as the high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) nature of gas condensate wells, which reduces the contrast in acoustic impedance. Accordingly, difficulties have remained in the interpretation of conventional cement bond logs, which has led many operators to be suspicious of well integrity technologies. This paper focuses on the application of ultrasonic cement evaluation technology in the Caspian Sea, and compares results between advanced ultrasonic applications and traditional cement bond logs in heavy mud. The workflow is presented to integrate the advancement of this technology and to eliminate the uncertainties in well integrity analysis. Increasing confidence for further drilling of a high-pressure gas reservoir has been achieved by combining these various measurements that enable a definitive analysis of zonal isolation. The main objective of this well assurance program was to ensure zonal isolation and shoe integrity in order to drill ahead to perform formation integrity tests (FITs). However, obtaining high-resolution cement data in heavy, 2.16-sg, oil-based mud (OBM) was the biggest concern due to the limitations of standard ultrasonic technology. The wide disparity in acoustic impedance, combined with the low contrast between heavy mud and the cemented section, makes evaluation of cement quality and zonal isolation doubtful. Although well conditions challenged the standard measurements, the cement evaluation objective was achieved with the new technology by ensuring 360° azimuthal coverage in permeable sand zones capable of unwanted hydrocarbon production – i.e., preventing sustained casing pressure (SCP). Moreover, a strong and continuous 40-m cement bond prevented crossflow from charging zones through the wellbore and also acted as a barrier against corrosion. Enhancement of pulse-echo technology has proved that it can be applied in a highly attenuative environment to achieve high-fidelity data. Highly acoustic attenuative mud is a major challenge for acoustic ultrasonic technology to achieve a quality answer product for well integrity. To mitigate this problem, a new tool was developed with a highly sensitive low-noise transducer, and with special programmable (both voltage and frequency) firing circuitry, to enhance the transducer signal at the resonance frequency of the casing. The various features of the processing algorithm are also improved, based on the numerous laboratory and field measurements.
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Khobaib, Mohammad, Jochen Hoffmann, Shamachary Sathish, and Michael S. Donley. "Study of Corrosion Damage Under Protective Coatings." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/nde-25818.

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Abstract Polymer coatings provide an excellent corrosion barrier for Al-skinned military aircraft. However, the degradation and damage of the coatings in their service life over time leads to the initiation of corrosion damage at the substrate level. Early detection and negation of such activity can provide extensive cost savings. Several Electrochemical techniques and Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE) show promise in detecting the onset of corrosion under such coatings. Current accelerated testing of aircraft coating systems for corrosion protection relies heavily on salt spray methods. Electrochemical techniques such as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Electrochemical Noise Methods (ENM) provide insight into the global properties of a coating system, and both techniques are being used on a limited basis. However, there is a need to investigate corrosion events with greater spatial resolution under coatings at the metal/coating interface. Such corrosion activity may be related to coating defects and variations in the surface chemistry of the underlying metal. The Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET) has been developed to allow the investigation of localized corrosion activity with high spatial resolution. Such activity may be associated with coating defects or galvanic coupled regions of the metal surface. Electrochemical and NDE techniques were used to investigate the early stage of corrosion activity under protective coatings. Coatings in this investigation ranged from a simple epoxy amine to commercially used military aircraft polyurethane coatings. SVET testing of panels with intact high-resistance barrier coatings could not reveal corrosion damage under normal testing conditions because of little or no corrosion activity within the limited exposure time. Chemical, mechanical, and electrochemical means of accelerating the corrosion damage were utilized to obtain results in a reasonable time frame. Corrosion initiation and its progress under the coating were studied in detail and the results are discussed here. Complimentary high-resolution NDE techniques, such as Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) and Fan Thermography measurements were used to identify the corrosion sites. The overall objective of this investigation is to establish a correlation between the electrochemical and NDE techniques.
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Elendu, Chidi, Nnaemeka Nwamara, Chidubem Alinnor, Henry Enekhai, Ihechi Ojukwu, James Ayoo, and Olugbenga Abolarin. "The Diagnostics and Recompletion Strategy of a Well with Sustained Casing Pressure." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211908-ms.

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Abstract Well sustained casing pressure signifies failure in the barrier envelop of any well and results in situations where pressure is observed or recorded in the annuli of a well and this pressure usually rebounds after bleed down. This phenomenon is a precursor to environmental and safety risk to the global oil and gas industry and presents a challenging situation that requires monitoring to understand the severity and management strategy. It is assessed to be a well integrity issue due to noncompliance to well barrier concept. It has become increasingly critical to address wells with sustained casing pressure (SCP) in view of the regulations guiding the industry and the operating environment which is experiencing an escalation of third-party activities. A bridge of well safety portends serious safety, health, environmental, operational, and integrity risks. Well PO-21 was completed as a single string, horizontal completion in the Q-10/PO-20 reservoir in 2004. Although, the well exceeded the production targets, it was subsequently shut-in in 2007 due to SCP. The initial well work attempts were carried out but were ineffective in resolving the SCP concerns: the well works carried out to isolate the casing pressure include tubing hole finding and setting of pack-off to isolate the holes. These activities could not resolve the sustained casing pressure issues with the well until a comprehensive analysis of the well, using a production logging tool comprising of noise and temperature log was deployed which gave a better understanding of the challenges of the well. A Major Rig Work Over (MRWO) was subsequently carried out on well and production was restored. The well has continued to produce. This paper sets out to explore the holistic study of well PO-21: the initial well construction – drilling (casing, cementing, etc.,) and completion (lower and upper) design and operations. It will also showcase the production and nature of the problem observed during the production, the evaluations, and diagnostics carried out to isolate the source of SCP. The step-by-step solution approach in eliminating possible sources will be discussed based on the identified issues with the well using acquired data. The paper will also focus on the MRWO operations, and the several challenging situations encountered which necessitated a management of change from the planned recompletion strategy in response to the observed well condition. The well was successfully recompleted with no loss of containment and several lessons were learnt.
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