Готові списки джерел за темами / Noble liquid detector

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Noble liquid detector"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Noble liquid detector"

Breskin, A. "Novel electron and photon recording concepts in noble-liquid detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 08 (August 1, 2022): P08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/08/p08002.

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Abstract We present several novel ionization-electron and scintillation-photon recording concepts in noble-liquid detectors, for future applications in particle and astroparticle physics and in other fields. These involve both single- and dual-phase detector configurations with combined electroluminescence and small charge multiplication in gas and liquid media.

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Palestini, Sandro. "Space Charge Effects in Noble-Liquid Calorimeters and Time Projection Chambers." Instruments 5, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments5010009.

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The subject of space charge in ionization detectors is reviewed, showing how the observations and the formalism used to describe the effects have evolved, starting with applications to calorimeters and reaching recent, large time-projection chambers. General scaling laws, and different ways to present and model the effects are presented. The relations between space-charge effects and the boundary conditions imposed on the side faces of the detector are discussed, together with a design solution that mitigates some of the effects. The implications of the relative size of drift length and transverse detector size are illustrated. Calibration methods are briefly discussed.

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Rooks, M., S. Abbaszadeh, J. Asaadi, M. Febbraro, R. W. Gladen, E. Gramellini, K. Hellier, F. Maria Blaszczyk, and A. D. McDonald. "Development of a novel, windowless, amorphous selenium based photodetector for use in liquid noble detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 01 (January 1, 2023): P01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/01/p01029.

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Abstract Detection of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) scintillation light produced by liquid noble elements is a central challenge in order to fully exploit the available timing, topological, and calorimetric information in detectors leveraging these media. In this paper, we characterize a novel, windowless amorphous selenium based photodetector with direct sensitivity to VUV light. We present here the manufacturing and experimental setup used to operate this detector at low transport electric fields (2.7–5.2 V/μm) and across a wide range of temperatures (77 K–290 K). This work shows that the first proof-of-principle windowless amorphous selenium device is robust under cryogenic conditions, responsive to VUV light at cryogenic temperatures, and preserves argon purity. These findings motivate a continued exploration of amorphous selenium devices for simultaneous detection of scintillation light and ionization charge in noble element detectors.

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Teymourian, A., D. Aharoni, L. Baudis, P. Beltrame, E. Brown, D. Cline, A. D. Ferella, et al. "Characterization of the QUartz Photon Intensifying Detector (QUPID) for noble liquid detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 654, no. 1 (October 2011): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.07.015.

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Zani, Andrea. "The WArP Experiment: A Double-Phase Argon Detector for Dark Matter Searches." Advances in High Energy Physics 2014 (2014): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/205107.

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Cryogenic noble liquids emerged in the previous decade as one of the best media to perform WIMP dark matter searches, in particular due to the possibility to scale detector volumes to multiton sizes. The WArP experiment was then developed as one of the first to implement the idea of coupling Argon in liquid and gas phase, in order to discriminateβ/γ-interactions from nuclear recoils and then achieve reliable background rejection. Since its construction, other projects spawned, employing Argon and Xenon and following its steps. The WArP 100l detector was assembled in 2008 at the Gran Sasso National Laboratories (LNGS), as the final step of a years-long R&D programme, aimed at characterising the technology of Argon in double phase for dark matter detection. Though it never actually performed a physics run, a technical run was taken in 2011, to characterise the detector response.

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Benziger, Jay. "The Borexino purification system." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 16 (June 17, 2014): 1442002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14420020.

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Purification of 278 tons of liquid scintillator and 889 tons of buffer shielding for the Borexino solar neutrino detector is performed with a system of combined distillation, water extraction, gas stripping and filtration. The purification system removed K , U and Th by distillation of the pseudocumene solvent and the PPO fluor. Noble gases, Rn , Kr and Ar were removed by gas stripping. Distillation was also employed to remove optical impurities and reduce the attenuation of scintillation light. The success of the purification system has facilitated the first time real time detection of low energy solar neutrinos.

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Knöpfle, K. T., and B. Schwingenheuer. "Design and performance of the GERDA low-background cryostat for operation in water." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 02 (February 1, 2022): P02038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/02/p02038.

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Abstract In searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76Ge the GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment at the Infn Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso has achieved an unprecedented low background of well below 10-3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) in the region of interest. It has taken advantage of the first realization of a novel shielding concept based on a large cryostat filled with a liquid noble gas that is immersed in a water tank. The germanium detectors are operated without encapsulation in liquid argon. Argon and water shield the environmental background from the laboratory and the cryostat construction materials to a negligible level. The same approach has been adopted in the meantime by various experiments. This paper provides an overview of the design and the operation experience of the 64 m3 liquid argon cryostat and its associated infrastructure. The discussion inludes the challenging safety issues associated with the operation of a large cryostat in a water tank.

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Berner, Roman, Yifan Chen, Antonio Ereditato, Patrick P. Koller, Igor Kreslo, David Lorca, Thomas Mettler, et al. "First Operation of a Resistive Shell Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber: A New Approach to Electric-Field Shaping." Instruments 3, no. 2 (May 9, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments3020028.

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We present a new technology for the shaping of the electric field in Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) using a carbon-loaded polyimide foil. This technology allows for the minimisation of passive material near the active volume of the TPC and, thus, is capable to reduce background events originating from radioactive decays or scattering on the material itself. Furthermore, the high and continuous electric resistivity of the foil limits the power dissipation per unit area and minimizes the risks of damages in the case of an electric field breakdown. Replacing the conventional field cage with a resistive plastic film structure called “shell” decreases the number of components within the TPC and, therefore, reduces the potential points of failure when operating the detector. A prototype liquid argon (LAr) TPC with such a resistive shell and with a cathode made of the same material was successfully tested for long-term operation with electric field values up to 1.6 k V cm − 1 . The experiment shows that it is feasible to successfully produce and shape the electric field in liquefied noble-gas detectors with this new technology.

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Zykova, Marina, Mikhail Grishechkin, Andrew Khomyakov, Elena Mozhevitina, Roman Avetisov, Nadezda Surikova, Maxim Gromov, Alexander Chepurnov, Ivan Nikulin, and Igor Avetissov. "Hybrid Ultra-Low-Radioactive Material for Protecting Dark Matter Detector from Background Neutrons." Materials 14, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 3757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133757.

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A laboratory technology for a new ultra-low background hybrid material (HM) which meets the requirements for neutron absorption with simultaneous neutron detection has been developed. The technology and hybrid material can be useful for future low background underground detectors designed to directly search for dark matter with liquid noble gases. The HM is based on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer matrix in which gadolinium nuclei are homogeneously distributed up to 1.5 wt% concentration in polymer slabs of 5 cm thickness. To determine the 65 impurity elements by the inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique in the Gd-based preparations in 100–0.01 ppb range, the corresponding method has been developed. Limits of determination (LD) of 0.011 ppb for uranium, and 0.016 ppb for thorium were achieved. An analysis of Gd raw materials showed that the lowest contents of U and Th (1.2–0.2 ppb) were detected in commercial Gd-based preparations. They were manufactured either from secondary raw materials (extraction phosphoric acid) or from mineral raw materials formed in sedimentary rocks (phosphogypsum). To produce the Gd-doped HM the commercial GdCl3 was purified and used for synthesis of low-background coordination compound, namely, acetylacetonate gadolinium (Gd(acac)3) with U/Th contents less than LD. When dissolving Gd(acac)3 in methylmethacrylate, the true solution was obtained and its further thermal polymerization allowed fabrication of the Gd-doped PMMA with ultra-low background.

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Han, Ah-Reum, Hyo Young Kim, Yangkang So, Bomi Nam, Ik-Soo Lee, Joo-Won Nam, Yeong Deuk Jo, et al. "Quantification of Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds in a New Chrysanthemum Cultivar by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1254721.

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The flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. have been used as an herbal tea and in traditional medicine, and the plant has been developed to produce horticultural cultivars of various colors and shapes. In this study, a new chrysanthemum cultivar with dark purple petals (C. morifolium cv. ARTI-Dark Chocolate; ADC) was developed by radiation-induced mutation breeding of its original cultivar with purple striped white petals (C. morifolium cv. Noble Wine, NW). The phenolic profile and antioxidant property of ADC were investigated and compared with NW and the commercially available medicinal herb, C. morifolium with yellow petals (CM), in order to find a scientific support to produce a new source of natural antioxidant. Flavonoid and phenolic acid profiles of the ethanol extracts of the three flowers were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESIMS), while antioxidant properties were evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. Among the tested flowers, ADC possessed the strongest antioxidant capacity and the highest phenolic contents. Flavonoids (acacetin, apigenin, luteolin, acacetin-7-O-β-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside, and linarin) and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid and mixture of 1,4-, 1,5-, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acids) were identified and quantified.

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Дисертації з теми "Noble liquid detector"

Lopez, Paredes Brais. "ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter performance measurements, search for the Higgs boson in the H→Zγ channel and detector development for position reconstruction of noble liquid scintillation". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9421/.

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In this thesis, a method for the recovery of QED Final State Radiation photons emitted from muons at small (collinear, dR < 0.15) angles is extended to include photons emitted at larger angles (dR ≥ 0.15) from both electrons and muons. The method is used in the search for Higgs boson decays to 4-leptons, H→ZZ*→4l, in ATLAS, correcting 3 out of 60 candidate events. It is also applied in the search for Higgs decays to a Z boson and a photon, H→Zγ, introducing a 2% improvement in the upper limit set by the analysis, yielding 11xSM at m(H) = 125.5 GeV (95% CL). The method is also used in the measurement of the photon electromagnetic scale to provide a precision better than 0.5%, reducing the measured Higgs mass systematic uncertainty obtained from the H→γγ analysis. Data-Monte Carlo comparisons are performed to ascertain the validity of the procedure before its application to the different measurements. The collinear photon selection has an efficiency of 70% and a purity of 85%, and a collinear photon is found in 4% of Z→μμ events. The non-collinear selection has an efficiency of 60% and a purity >95%, and a photon is found in ~1% of events. The second part of the thesis presents new results from a developed prototype Gaseous Photomultiplier detector based on a cascade of Thick GEM structures intended for gamma-ray position reconstruction in liquid argon. The detector has a MgF2 window, transparent to VUV light, and a CsI photocathode deposited on the first THGEM. A 10 cm2 area is instrumented with four readout channels. A gain of 8·10E5 per photoelectron and ~100% photoelectron collection efficiency are measured at stable operation settings. A ~100 μm position resolution at 100 kHz readout rate is demonstrated at room temperature. Structural integrity tests of the detector and seals are successfully performed at cryogenic temperatures by immersing the detector in liquid Nitrogen, laying a good foundation for future operation tests in noble liquids. This new type of device provides a low cost solution for large-area real-time gamma-ray imaging.

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Balan, Cătălin. "Contribution to the scintillation detection optimization in double phase detectors for direct detection of dark matter." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/27325.

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Tese de doutoramento em Engenharia Física, ramo de Instrumentação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
Na última década, foram feitos grandes progressos no desenvolvimento dos detetores de deteção direta das partículas que constituem a matéria negra. Com estratégias do aumento gradual do volume do alvo e, simultaneamente, de redução dos níveis de fundo, a experiência XENON obteve resultados muito bons e perspetivas promissoras para a deteção de matéria negra. Tarefas relativas à análise de dados experimentais adquiridos com o detetor de dupla fase em uso, assim como as simulações do campo elétrico, desenvolvimento, montagem e testes para o próximo detetor XENON1T, assim como a participação regular na manutenção geral e monitorização do protótipo atual XENON100 no LNGS, constituiram o plano de trabalhos para as atividades de investigação do presente doutoramento e a minha contribuição para a otimização da deteção de cintilação nos detetores da experiência XENON. A necessidade de alcançar níveis elevados de sensibilidade, requer inovação em todos os aspetos físicos do detetor, assim como a redução de todas as fontes de radioatividade que contribuem para o fundo. O modo mais indicado de operação para os detetores com enchimento a Xe no estado líquido e gasoso envolve a medição da cintilação primária e da secundária provenientes da interação das partículas no Xe líquido. A razão entre estes dois sinais permite diferenciar claramente a maior parte dos eventos correspondentes as fundo dos eventos correspondentes a WIMPs. Deste modo, a leitura dos sinais correspondentes à cintilação é de extrema importância. A amplitude do sinal de cintilação antes dos fotossensores é maximizada através da otimização de vários parâmetros, tais como a geometria do alvo do detetor, a transparência das grelhas dos elétrodos, a uniformidade do ganho em cintilação secundária e a utilização de material reflectivo para cobrir as superfícies que não são fotossensíveis.
In the past decade, tremendous advances have been made in the development of detectors to be used for direct interaction of dark matter particles. With the gradual increase of target fiducial mass and simultaneous reduction of background levels strategies, XENON experiment achieved very good results and promising perspectives for direct Dark Matter detection. Tasks regarding analysis of experimental data acquired with the actual double-phase detector, as well as electric field simulations, development, assembly and tests of the next XENON1T detector and the regular participation in general maintenance and monitoring of the actual XENON100 prototype at LNGS, constituted the work plan of this PhD research activity and my contribution for optimizing the scintillation detection in XENON detectors. The need to achieve extremely low sensitivities demands for innovation in all aspects of detector physics, such as reducing all sources of radioactivity background. The favored mode of operation for the liquid/gas Xe-based detector involves measuring both primary and secondary scintillation from particle interaction in the liquid. The ratio of these signals allows to clearly differentiate the majority of the background and WIMP events. The scintillation readout is, then, of utmost importance. The scintillation signal amplitude before the photo-sensors is maximized also by the optimization of several parameters such as the detector target geometry, electrode meshes transparency, secondary scintillation gain uniformity and reflective material used to cover the non-photosensitive surfaces.

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Cabrita, Ricardo de Abreu Silvério. "Diffuse Reflectance Studies in a Liquid Interface — with application to Noble Liquid Detectors." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/94311.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Física apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia
Os detectores de xénon e argon líquidos são utilizados em física de partículas e astropartículas, nomeadamente em experiências de detecção directa de matéria escura e física de neutrinos. Normalmente, politetrafluoretileno (PTFE) é utilizado como reflector nestes detectores de forma a melhorar a colecção de luz e, consequentemente, a sensibilidade da experiência em questão. Desta forma, descrever a reflectância das superfícies que envolvem o detector é fundamental. Para o comprimento de onda de cintilação do xénon (175 nm), sabe-se que o PTFE tem uma reflectância entre 50-80%. No entanto, em xénon líquido, a reflectância observada é acima de 95%. A razão para um aumento tão demarcado da reflectância não é clara.Adicionalmente, regra geral, as simulações de óptica de detectores de líquidos nobres simulam a reflectância do PTFE de acordo com a lei difusa de Lambert. No entanto, observações indicam que difusores como o PTFE e, outros, têm um comportamento diferente do Lambertiano. Na verdade, está sempre presente uma componente de refracção especular devido à alteração do índice de refracção no interface. A rugosidade da superfície também contribui para esta diferença devido a efeitos de obscurecimento, sombreamento e inter-reflexões. Finalmente, há que também ter em conta o fenómeno de reflexão interna total no interface óptico.Neste trabalho, é reportado um estudo experimental da reflectância no interface líquido-PTFE. Para o efeito, foi concebido e desenvolvido um set-up experimental dedicado para medir a alteração na reflectância quando o interface muda de ar para líquido. Uma esfera integradora de Spectralon, (á base de PTFE) foi adaptada para uso com líquidos. O set-up também incluí uma matriz de 7 LEDs nos comprimentos de onda 255-490, um fotomltiplicador para detector os fotões reflectidos e um sistema de aquisição de dados resolvido no tempo. Medidas da reflectância da superfície interna da esfera foram feitas, à vez, com a esfera cheia de ar e àgua pura. Os dados experimentais foram comparados com os resultados da simulação de colecção de luz para a geometria da experiência com o programa de simulação ANTS2. Nessas simulações diferentes modelos de reflexão difusa foram testados, nomeadamente o modelo Lambertiano e uma versão modificada do modelo de Wolff, que inclui reflexão de Fresnel no interface.A análise com o modelo de Lambert indica um claro aumento da reflectância bi-hemisférica no interface de àgua pura, +2.94±0.03% a 255 nm e +1.09±0.08% a 490 nm. O aumento no albedo de espalhamento multíplo com o modelo modificado de Wolff, que é independente do interface óptico, sugere que o aumento da reflectância no interface líquido se poderá dever a outros parâmetros para além do índice de refracção. Com base nos desenvolvimentos deste trabalho um conjunto de melhoramentos ao set-u} foram planeados, após os quais mais medidas com vários líquidos e amostras de vários materias se seguirão.
Noble liquid xenon and argon detectors are being used in particle and astroparticle physics, including dark matter direct detection experiments and neutrino physics. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is commonly used in these detectors as a reflector to improve the light collection and, consequently, the experiment sensitivity. As such, describing the reflectance from the surfaces encasing a detector is paramount. For the xenon scintillation wavelength (175 nm), PTFE is known to have a reflectance of 50-80% in gaseous xenon. In liquid xenon, however, it has been observed to be >95%. The reason for such an increase in reflectance is still unclear. Additionally, optical simulations of noble liquid detectors generally model the reflectance of PTFE according to the Lambert diffuse law. Observations indicate, however, that reflection from diffusers like PTFE and others most often deviates significantly from Lambertian behaviour. In truth, a fraction of specular reflection is always present due to the change in refractive index at the interface. Surface roughness also contributes to this deviation, due to masking, shadowing and interreflection effects. Finally, there is also total internal reflection at the optical interface to take into account. In this work, we report on an experimental study of reflectance in a liquid-PTFE interface. A dedicated experimental set-up was designed, from inception to completion, to measure the change in the reflectance when the medium interfacing PTFE changes from air to liquid. To that end, a Spectralon (PTFE-based) total integrating sphere was adapted for use with liquid. The set-up also includes an array of 7 LEDs covering the wavelength range 255--490~nm, a photomultiplier to detect the reflected photons, and a time resolved data acquisition system. Experimental data for the reflectance of the sphere walls was taken with the sphere filled in turn with air and pure water. The experimental data was compared with the results of simulations of light collection in the geometry of the experimental set-up with the help of the ANTS2 software package. In those simulations, different models of diffuse reflection were tested, namely the Lambertian model and a modified version of the Wolff model, which includes the Fresnel reflection at the interface. Analysis with the Lambertian model indicates a clear increase in the bi-hemispherical reflectance in the pure water interface, +2.94$±0.03% at 255 nm and +1.09±0.08% at 490 nm. The increase in the multiple scattering albedo in the modified Wolff, which is independent of the optical interface, suggests that the enhancement of reflection in the liquid interface may be due to other parameters besides the changing refractive index. Based on the developments made in the course of this work, the upgrade of the set-up is planned, after which it will be used to take more measurements with various liquids and material samples, following up on the initial results of this work.

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Частини книг з теми "Noble liquid detector"

"Electron Drift in and Emission from Noble Liquids." In Two-Phase Emission Detectors, 85–126. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811231094_0003.

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"Particle Interactions and Energy Transfer Mechanisms in Noble Liquids." In Two-Phase Emission Detectors, 15–83. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811231094_0002.

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Lacourse, William R. "Chapter 25 Pulsed electrochemical detection of carbohydrates at noble metal electrodes following liquid chromatographic and electrophoretic separation." In Journal of Chromatography Library, 905–46. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80050-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Noble liquid detector"

Tsang, T. "SiPMs for direct scintillation light detection in noble liquids." In 2019 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic42101.2019.9059804.

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Tsang, Thomas. "Performance of Black Silicon Photodiodes for VUV Detection in Noble Liquids." In 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic44867.2021.9875618.

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Sekiya, Hiroyuki. "Quest for dark matter by direct detection experiments with noble liquids." In KMI International Symposium 2013 on “Quest for the Origin of Particles and the Universe. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.208.0018.

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Gupta, Aseem, Aldo Pena-Perez, Bojan Markovic, Dionisio Doering, Benjamin Reese, Camillo Tamma, Hussein Ali, et al. "Read-Out Architecture of CRYO System-on-Chip ASIC for Noble Liquid TPC Detectors." In 2020 IEEE 63rd International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas48704.2020.9184452.

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Koikegami, Hajime, Shigeyoshi Yasunaga, Toshiaki Kakihara, Arisa Yanagihara, Hiroki Kawai, Hiroaki Hatanaka, and Tadashi Maruyama. "Ultrasonic Examination of Noble Metal Precipitate Detection in Glass Melter." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16816.

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This paper describes the results of ultrasonic examination of the build-up of noble metal precipitates in the glass melter using a wave guide rod. The glass melter is used for the vitrification process of high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW). A high density isotropic graphite T-6 (Ibiden Co., Ltd.) and a nickel-based corrosion and heat resistant alloy 690 were selected as candidate materials of wave guide rod. Ultrasonic propagation experiment with the frequency 0.5, 1.0 and 2.25 MHz was performed using the wave guide rods. The T-6 graphite wave guide rod in the simulant fluid (glycerin) showed a good capability of ultrasonic propagation and signal detection. However, the propagation of ultrasonic wave into molten glass was not possible due to the poor wetting of molten glass with the graphite. On the other hand, it was possible to propagate the ultrasonic wave into molten glass with the wave guide rod made of the nickel-based alloy 690. However, the intensity of reflecting echo signal was very small due to the large ultrasonic attenuation in the nickel-based alloy. The simulation study on the ultrasonic wave propagation using the three dimensional finite element method code ComWave showed good agreement with the experimental results.

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Uchiyama, Midori, Arisa Yanagihara, Hajime Koikegami, Hiroaki Hatanaka, and Tadashi Maruyama. "Application of Ultrasonic Technique for Precipitate Detection and Viscosity Measurement of Molten Glass at Elevated Temperature." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30360.

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Анотація:

This paper describes the results of ultrasonic examination of molten glass in the glass melter for the vitrification process of high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLW). The propagation and the attenuation of ultrasound in the molten glass were measured to study feasibility of detecting noble metal precipitates and the viscosity measurement of glass melter. The ultrasonic propagation experiment at 2.25MHz were carried out in a simulant fluid (glycerin) at room temperature and the molten glass at 1000°C using ultrasonic wave guide rods. The wave guide rod materials used in this research are a nickel-based heat resistant alloy 690 and a high density isotropic graphite T-6 (Ibiden Co., Ltd.) with a corrosion resistant coating. Although the nickel-based alloy 690 has a favorable property such as superior structural integrity or corrosion resistant against molten glass at high temperatures, the ultrasonic attenuation was quite large thereby not suited for the wave guide rod. On the other hand, the wave guide rod made of high density isotropic graphite showed good capabilities of ultrasonic propagation both in glycerin and the molten glass at 1000°C. The changes in ultrasonic intensity of reflecting echoes vs. distance were measured both in glycerin and the molten glass to obtain attenuation coefficient of ultrasound. Then, the viscosity of glycerin and molten glass was calculated from the result of ultrasonic attenuation measurement. The viscosity of glycerin and molten glass thus obtained showed good agreement with those obtained by ordinary viscous test.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Noble liquid detector"

Fleming, Bonnie. Next Generation Noble Liquid Detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1595990.

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Buckley, James H. Development of High-QE GaN Photodectors for Liquid Noble Particle Detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1600625.

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