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Статті в журналах з теми "Nitrogen-limited"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Unkovich, Murray, Nicola Jamieson, Ross Monaghan, and Declan Barraclough. "Nitrogen mineralisation and plant nitrogen acquisition in a nitrogen-limited calcareous grassland." Environmental and Experimental Botany 40, no. 3 (December 1998): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0098-8472(98)00038-0.

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2

Knight, K. "Nitrogen-limited spiny dogfish scavenge ammonia." Journal of Experimental Biology 218, no. 2 (January 15, 2015): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.118547.

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3

Elrifi, IR, and DH Turpin. "Transient photosynthetic responses of nitrogen limited macroalgae to nitrogen addition." Marine Ecology Progress Series 20 (1985): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps020253.

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4

Ishii, Ken-Ichiro, Wen Liu, and Shigeki Sawayama. "Lipid formation and morphological changes in Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae) species under nitrogen-limited conditions." Nova Hedwigia, Beihefte 148 (February 27, 2019): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova-suppl/2019/103.

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5

Watt, D. A., A. M. Amory, and C. F. Cresswell. "Interactions between nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis in nitrogen-limited Monoraphidium falcatus." South African Journal of Botany 55, no. 6 (December 1989): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(16)31126-7.

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6

VERKROOST, A. W. M., and M. J. WASSEN. "A Simple Model for Nitrogen-limited Plant Growth and Nitrogen Allocation." Annals of Botany 96, no. 5 (August 12, 2005): 871–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci239.

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7

Hammad, Hafiz Mohkum, Wajid Farhad, Farhat Abbas, Shah Fahad, Shafqat Saeed, Wajid Nasim, and Hafiz Faiq Bakhat. "Maize plant nitrogen uptake dynamics at limited irrigation water and nitrogen." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 3 (November 8, 2016): 2549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-8031-0.

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8

Safronov, A. A., V. V. Gorbunov, V. I. Tazetdinov, and G. V. Torokhov. "Production of steel with limited nitrogen content." Steel in Translation 43, no. 5 (May 2013): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0967091213050161.

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9

Holmes, Robert M., Jeremy B. Jones, Stuart G. Fisher, and Nancy B. Grimm. "Denitrification in a nitrogen-limited stream ecosystem." Biogeochemistry 33, no. 2 (May 1996): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02181035.

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10

Furigo, A., and M. H. J�rgensen. "Nitrogen limited growth of a methanotrophic culture." Bioprocess Engineering 9, no. 2-3 (May 1993): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00369041.

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11

Cafaro La Menza, Nicolas, Juan Pablo Monzon, James E. Specht, and Patricio Grassini. "Is soybean yield limited by nitrogen supply?" Field Crops Research 213 (November 2017): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.08.009.

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12

Cramer, Amanda C., Sophocles Vlassides, and David E. Block. "Kinetic model for nitrogen-limited wine fermentations." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 77, no. 1 (December 7, 2001): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10133.

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13

Chen, H., W. Zhang, G. A. Gurmesa, X. Zhu, D. Li, and J. Mo. "Phosphorus addition affects soil nitrogen dynamics in a nitrogen-saturated and two nitrogen-limited forests." European Journal of Soil Science 68, no. 4 (May 2, 2017): 472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12428.

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14

Duarte, Paulo, Petter Oscarson, Jan-Eric Tillberg, and Carl-Magnus Larsson. "Nitrogen and carbon utilization in shoots and roots of nitrogen-limited Pisum." Plant and Soil 111, no. 2 (October 1988): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02139946.

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15

Street, Lorna E., and S. Caldararu. "Why are Arctic shrubs becoming more nitrogen limited?" New Phytologist 233, no. 2 (November 25, 2021): 585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.17841.

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16

Chen, Yongfa, Chengjin Chu, Fangliang He, and Suqin Fang. "A mechanistic model for nitrogen-limited plant growth." Annals of Botany 129, no. 5 (February 9, 2022): 583–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac018.

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Анотація:

Abstract Background and Aims Nitrogen is often regarded as a limiting factor to plant growth in various ecosystems. Understanding how nitrogen drives plant growth has numerous theoretical and practical applications in agriculture and ecology. In 2004, Göran I. Ågren proposed a mechanistic model of plant growth from a biochemical perspective. However, neglecting respiration and assuming stable and balanced growth made the model unrealistic for plants growing in natural conditions. The aim of the present paper is to extend Ågren’s model to overcome these limitations. Methods We improved Ågren’s model by incorporating the respiratory process and replacing the stable and balanced growth assumption with a three-parameter power function to describe the relationship between nitrogen concentration (Nc) and biomass. The new model was evaluated based on published data from three studies on corn (Zea mays) growth. Key Results Remarkably, the mechanistic growth model derived in this study is mathematically equivalent to the classical Richards model, which is the most widely used empirical growth model. The model agrees well with empirical plant growth data. Conclusions Our model provides a mechanistic interpretation of how nitrogen drives plant growth. It is very robust in predicting growth curves and the relationship between Nc and relative growth rate.

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17

Prihar, SS, PR Gajri, and VK Arora. "Nitrogen fertilization of wheat under limited water supplies." Fertilizer Research 8, no. 1 (1985): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01048902.

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18

Bowman, William D., Asma Ayyad, Clifton P. Bueno de Mesquita, Noah Fierer, Teal S. Potter, and Stefanie Sternagel. "Limited ecosystem recovery from simulated chronic nitrogen deposition." Ecological Applications 28, no. 7 (September 4, 2018): 1762–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1783.

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19

Bowman, William D., Asma Ayyad, Clifton P. Bueno de Mesquita, Noah Fierer, Teal S. Potter, and Stefanie Sternagel. "Limited Ecosystem Recovery from Simulated Chronic Nitrogen Deposition." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 100, no. 1 (January 2019): e01447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bes2.1447.

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20

Zhou, Xinping, Shuo Yuan, Ranchi Chen, and Bao Song. "Modelling microalgae growth in nitrogen-limited continuous culture." Energy 73 (August 2014): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.058.

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21

Chu, Z., X. Jin, B. Yang, and Q. Zeng. "Buoyancy regulation of Microcystis flos-aquae during phosphorus-limited and nitrogen-limited growth." Journal of Plankton Research 29, no. 9 (June 7, 2007): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbm054.

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22

Arango, Clay Porter, Leslie Anne Riley, Jennifer Leah Tank, and Robert Ogden Hall,. "Herbivory by an invasive snail increases nitrogen fixation in a nitrogen-limited stream." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, no. 8 (August 2009): 1309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-079.

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Despite anthropogenic nitrogen contributions, nitrogen fixation contributes half of biosphere inputs but has rarely been quantified in streams. Herbivory controls algal biomass and productivity in streams, and we hypothesized that herbivory could also control nitrogen fixation. We released periphyton from herbivory in nitrogen-limited Polecat Creek, Wyoming, where heavy grazing by the invasive New Zealand mudsnail ( Potamopyrgus antipodarum ) dominates nitrogen cycling. One and two weeks after releasing periphyton, we found higher rates of nitrogen fixation on heavily grazed rocks (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), p = 0.012). Time elapsed after snail manipulation had no effect (two-way ANOVA, p = 0.24). Grazing changed periphyton composition by reducing the proportion of green algae and increasing the proportion of nitrogen-fixing diatoms (multivariate ANOVA, p = 0.001). Nitrogen fixation rates increased disproportionately to nitrogen-fixing algal cells, indicating that snails increased nitrogenase efficiency, probably by improving light and (or) nutrient availability to nitrogen fixers. We incorporated our nitrogen fixation rates into a published nitrogen budget for Polecat Creek and found that nitrogen flux into the periphyton was 50% higher when we included nitrogen fixation. Herbivory can increase nitrogen fixation in streams, and future studies should measure nitrogen fixation for a more thorough understanding of stream nitrogen cycling.

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23

Weathers, Kathleen C., and Gene E. Likens. "Clouds in Southern Chile: An Important Source of Nitrogen to Nitrogen-Limited Ecosystems?" Environmental Science & Technology 31, no. 1 (January 1997): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9603416.

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24

Hansson, Lena, and Milan Dostálek. "Lipid formation by Cryptococcus albidus in nitrogen-limited and in carbon-limited chemostat cultures." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 24, no. 3 (June 1986): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00261535.

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25

Ohnmeiss, Thomas E., and Ian T. Baldwin. "The Allometry of Nitrogen to Growth and an Inducible Defense under Nitrogen-Limited Growth." Ecology 75, no. 4 (June 1994): 995–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1939423.

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26

Zeng, Wenjing, Jiangyong Zhang, and Wei Wang. "Strong root respiration response to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in nitrogen-limited temperate forests." Science of The Total Environment 642 (November 2018): 646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.014.

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27

Meunier, Cédric L., Michael J. Gundale, Irene S. Sánchez, and Antonia Liess. "Impact of nitrogen deposition on forest and lake food webs in nitrogen-limited environments." Global Change Biology 22, no. 1 (June 19, 2015): 164–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12967.

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28

Sun, Zhenzhong, Lingli Liu, Yuecun Ma, Guodong Yin, Chuang Zhao, Yuan Zhang, and Shilong Piao. "The effect of nitrogen addition on soil respiration from a nitrogen-limited forest soil." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 197 (October 2014): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.06.010.

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29

Guettler, S., E. N. Jackson, S. A. Lucchese, L. Honaas, A. Green, C. T. Hittinger, Y. Tian, W. W. Lilly, and A. C. Gathman. "ESTs from the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune grown on nitrogen-replete and nitrogen-limited media." Fungal Genetics and Biology 39, no. 2 (July 2003): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1087-1845(03)00017-3.

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30

Gundersen, Per, and Lennart Rasmussen. "Nitrogen mobility in a nitrogen limited forest at Klosterhede, Denmark, examined by NH4NO3 addition." Forest Ecology and Management 71, no. 1-2 (January 1995): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)06085-w.

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31

Tilman, David. "Nitrogen-Limited Growth in Plants from Different Successional Stages." Ecology 67, no. 2 (April 1986): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1938598.

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32

De Nobel, W. T. (Pim), N. Staats, and L. R. Mur. "Competition between nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria during phosphorus-limited growth." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 4 (August 1, 1995): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0170.

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The phosphorus-limited growth of cultures of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon and Anabaena was investigated. In conditions of nutrient and light excess Anabaena has a competitive advantage. The lower the light intensity conditions at which Aphanizomenon populations dominate are indicated for future study.

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33

Coleman, Matthew C., Russell Fish, and David E. Block. "Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Model for Nitrogen-Limited Wine Fermentations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 18 (July 6, 2007): 5875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00670-07.

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ABSTRACT A physical and mathematical model for wine fermentation kinetics was adapted to include the influence of temperature, perhaps the most critical factor influencing fermentation kinetics. The model was based on flask-scale white wine fermentations at different temperatures (11 to 35°C) and different initial concentrations of sugar (265 to 300 g/liter) and nitrogen (70 to 350 mg N/liter). The results show that fermentation temperature and inadequate levels of nitrogen will cause stuck or sluggish fermentations. Model parameters representing cell growth rate, sugar utilization rate, and the inactivation rate of cells in the presence of ethanol are highly temperature dependent. All other variables (yield coefficient of cell mass to utilized nitrogen, yield coefficient of ethanol to utilized sugar, Monod constant for nitrogen-limited growth, and Michaelis-Menten-type constant for sugar transport) were determined to vary insignificantly with temperature. The resulting mathematical model accurately predicts the observed wine fermentation kinetics with respect to different temperatures and different initial conditions, including data from fermentations not used for model development. This is the first wine fermentation model that accurately predicts a transition from sluggish to normal to stuck fermentations as temperature increases from 11 to 35°C. Furthermore, this comprehensive model provides insight into combined effects of time, temperature, and ethanol concentration on yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) activity and physiology.

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34

Lafitte, H. R., and R. S. Loomis. "Growth and Composition of Grain Sorghum with Limited Nitrogen." Agronomy Journal 80, no. 3 (May 1988): 492–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1988.00021962008000030020x.

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35

Giraud, Mona, Jannis Groh, Horst Gerke, Nicolas Brüggemann, Harry Vereecken, and Thomas Pütz. "Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in a Managed Temperate Grassland Under Changed Climatic Conditions." Water 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13070931.

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Grasslands are one of the most common biomes in the world with a wide range of ecosystem services. Nevertheless, quantitative data on the change in nitrogen dynamics in extensively managed temperate grasslands caused by a shift from energy- to water-limited climatic conditions have not yet been reported. In this study, we experimentally studied this shift by translocating undisturbed soil monoliths from an energy-limited site (Rollesbroich) to a water-limited site (Selhausen). The soil monoliths were contained in weighable lysimeters and monitored for their water and nitrogen balance in the period between 2012 and 2018. At the water-limited site (Selhausen), annual plant nitrogen uptake decreased due to water stress compared to the energy-limited site (Rollesbroich), while nitrogen uptake was higher at the beginning of the growing period. Possibly because of this lower plant uptake, the lysimeters at the water-limited site showed an increased inorganic nitrogen concentration in the soil solution, indicating a higher net mineralization rate. The N2O gas emissions and nitrogen leaching remained low at both sites. Our findings suggest that in the short term, fertilizer should consequently be applied early in the growing period to increase nitrogen uptake and decrease nitrogen losses. Moreover, a shift from energy-limited to water-limited conditions will have a limited effect on gaseous nitrogen emissions and nitrate concentrations in the groundwater in the grassland type of this study because higher nitrogen concentrations are (over-) compensated by lower leaching rates.

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36

Wu, Feng, Hiroaki Ozaki, Yutaka Terashima, Toshihiro Imada, and Yumiko Ohkouchi. "Activities of ligninolytic enzymes of the white rot fungus, phanerochaete chrysosporium and its recalcitrant substance degradability." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1996): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0603.

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The factors influencing the activities of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes synthesized by white rot fungus,Phanerochaete chrysosporium , were investigated by batch culture experiments. The LiP activity was maximal under the nitrogen-sufficient condition, compared with the activities under both conditions of the nitrogen-limited and nitrogen-excess. The manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) activity was highest under nitrogen-limited condition. Veratryl alcohol was found to be the most important substrate enhancing lignin peroxidase (LiP) activity in carbon-limited medium. The decolorization of azo dye (Reactive Red 22) by P. chrysosporium in the presence of both LiP and MnP under carbon-limited condition was greater than that in the presence of MnP under nitrogen-limited condition. Two chlorinated substances (2,6-DCP and MCPA) were degraded under conditions of nitrogen-limitation and notrogen-sufficiency. The azo dyes were also decolorized by the crude extracellular ligninolytic enzymes from P. chrysosporium.

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37

Zheng, Mianhai, Tao Zhang, Lei Liu, Weixing Zhu, Wei Zhang, and Jiangming Mo. "Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on nitrous oxide emission in a nitrogen-rich and two nitrogen-limited tropical forests." Biogeosciences 13, no. 11 (June 16, 2016): 3503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3503-2016.

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Abstract. Nitrogen (N) deposition is generally considered to increase soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in N-rich forests. In many tropical forests, however, elevated N deposition has caused soil N enrichment and further phosphorus (P) deficiency, and the interaction of N and P to control soil N2O emission remains poorly understood, particularly in forests with different soil N status. In this study, we examined the effects of N and P additions on soil N2O emission in an N-rich old-growth forest and two N-limited younger forests (a mixed and a pine forest) in southern China to test the following hypotheses: (1) soil N2O emission is the highest in old-growth forest due to the N-rich soil; (2) N addition increases N2O emission more in the old-growth forest than in the two younger forests; (3) P addition decreases N2O emission more in the old-growth forest than in the two younger forests; and (4) P addition alleviates the stimulation of N2O emission by N addition. The following four treatments were established in each forest: Control, N addition (150 kg N ha−1 yr−1), P addition (150 kg P ha−1 yr−1), and NP addition (150 kg N ha−1 yr−1 plus 150 kg P ha−1 yr−1). From February 2007 to October 2009, monthly quantification of soil N2O emission was performed using static chamber and gas chromatography techniques. Mean N2O emission was shown to be significantly higher in the old-growth forest (13.9 ± 0.7 µg N2O-N m−2 h−1) than in the mixed (9.9 ± 0.4 µg N2O-N m−2 h−1) or pine (10.8 ± 0.5 µg N2O-N m−2 h−1) forests, with no significant difference between the latter two. N addition significantly increased N2O emission in the old-growth forest but not in the two younger forests. However, both P and NP addition had no significant effect on N2O emission in all three forests, suggesting that P addition alleviated the stimulation of N2O emission by N addition in the old-growth forest. Although P fertilization may alleviate the stimulated effects of atmospheric N deposition on N2O emission in N-rich forests, this effect may only occur under high N deposition and/or long-term P addition, and we suggest future investigations to definitively assess this management strategy and the importance of P in regulating N cycles from regional to global scales.

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38

Vendramini, Joao M. B., Lynn E. Sollenberger, Ann R. Blount, Andre D. Aguiar, Leandro Galzerano, Andre L. S. Valente, Eveline Alves, and Leticia Custodio. "Bahiagrass Cultivar Response to Grazing Frequency with Limited Nitrogen Fertilization." Agronomy Journal 105, no. 4 (July 2013): 938–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2012.0404.

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39

Veldkamp, E., B. Koehler, and M. D. Corre. "Indications of nitrogen-limited methane uptake in tropical forest soils." Biogeosciences 10, no. 8 (August 9, 2013): 5367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5367-2013.

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Анотація:

Abstract. It is estimated that tropical forest soils contribute 6.2 Tg yr−1 (28%) to global methane (CH4) uptake, which is large enough to alter CH4 accumulation in the atmosphere if significant changes would occur to this sink. Elevated deposition of inorganic nitrogen (N) to temperate forest ecosystems has been shown to reduce CH4 uptake in forest soils, but almost no information exists from tropical forest soils even though projections show that N deposition will increase substantially in tropical regions. Here we report the results from two long-term, ecosystem-scale experiments in which we assessed the impact of chronic N addition on soil CH4 fluxes from two old-growth forests in Panama: (1) a lowland, moist (2.7 m yr−1 rainfall) forest on clayey Cambisol and Nitisol soils with controls and N-addition plots for 9–12 yr, and (2) a montane, wet (5.5 m yr−1 rainfall) forest on a sandy loam Andosol soil with controls and N-addition plots for 1–4 yr. We measured soil CH4 fluxes for 4 yr (2006–2009) in four replicate plots (40 m × 40 m each) per treatment using vented static chambers (four chambers per plot). CH4 fluxes from the lowland control plots and the montane control plots did not differ from their respective N-addition plots. In the lowland forest, chronic N addition did not lead to inhibition of CH4 uptake; instead, a negative correlation of CH4 fluxes with nitrate (NO3–) concentrations in the mineral soil suggests that increased NO3– levels in N-addition plots had stimulated CH4 consumption and/or reduced CH4 production. In the montane forest, chronic N addition also showed negative correlation of CH4 fluxes with ammonium concentrations in the organic layer, which suggests that CH4 consumption was N limited. We propose the following reasons why such N-stimulated CH4 consumption did not lead to statistically significant CH4 uptake: (1) for the lowland forest, this was caused by limitation of CH4 diffusion from the atmosphere into the clayey soils, particularly during the wet season, as indicated by the strong positive correlations between CH4 fluxes and water-filled pore space (WFPS); (2) for the montane forest, this was caused by the high WFPS in the mineral soil throughout the year, which may not only limit CH4 diffusion from the atmosphere into the soil but also favour CH4 production; and (3) both forest soils showed large spatial and temporal variations of CH4 fluxes. We conclude that in these extremely different tropical forest ecosystems there were indications of N limitation on CH4 uptake. Based on these findings, it is unlikely that elevated N deposition on tropical forest soils will lead to a rapid reduction of CH4 uptake.

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40

Norby, R. J., J. M. Warren, C. M. Iversen, B. E. Medlyn, and R. E. McMurtrie. "CO2 enhancement of forest productivity constrained by limited nitrogen availability." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 45 (October 25, 2010): 19368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1006463107.

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41

Kurniawan, Hendrick, Tatsuo Yamada, Kiichiro Kagawa, and Takao Kobayashi. "Single-Line and Diffraction-Limited UV Nitrogen Oscillator-Amplifier Lasers." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 32, Part 2, No. 6A (June 1, 1993): L785—L787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.32.l785.

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42

Veldkamp, E., B. Koehler, and M. D. Corre. "Indications of nitrogen-limited methane uptake in tropical forest soils." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 3 (March 28, 2013): 6007–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-6007-2013.

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Abstract. Tropical forest soils contribute 6.2 Tg yr−1 (28%) to global methane (CH4) uptake, which is large enough to alter CH4 accumulation in the atmosphere if significant changes would occur to this sink. Elevated deposition of inorganic nitrogen (N) to temperate forest ecosystems has been shown to reduce CH4 uptake in forest soils, but almost no information exists from tropical forest soils even though projections show that N deposition will increase substantially in tropical regions. Here we report the results from long-term, ecosystem-scale experiments in which we assessed the impact of chronic N addition on soil CH4 fluxes from two old-growth forests in Panama: (1) a lowland, moist (2.7 m yr−1 rainfall) forest on clayey Cambisol and Nitisol soils with controls and N-addition plots for 9–12 yr, and (2) a montane, wet (5.5 m yr−1 rainfall) forest on a sandy loam Andosol soil with controls and N-addition plots for 1–4 yr. We measured soil CH4 fluxes for 4 yr (2006–2009) in 4 replicate plots (40 m × 40 m each) per treatment using vented static chambers (4 chambers per plot). CH4 fluxes from the lowland control plots and the montane control plots did not differ from their respective N-addition plots. In the lowland forest, chronic N addition did not lead to inhibition of CH4 uptake; instead, a negative correlation of CH4 fluxes with nitrate (NO3−) concentrations in the mineral soil suggests that increased NO3− levels in N-addition plots had stimulated CH4 consumption and/or reduced CH4 production. In the montane forest, chronic N addition also showed negative correlation of CH4 fluxes with ammonium concentrations in the organic layer, which suggests that CH4 consumption was N limited. We propose the following reasons why such N-stimulated CH4 consumption did not lead to statistically significant CH4 uptake: (1) for the lowland forest, this was caused by limitation of CH4 diffusion from the atmosphere into the clayey soils, particularly during the wet season, as indicated by the strong positive correlations between CH4 fluxes and water-filled pore space (WFPS); (2) for the montane forest, this was caused by the high WFPS in the mineral soil throughout the year, which may not only limit CH4 diffusion from the atmosphere into the soil but also favour CH4 production; and (3) both forest soils showed large spatial and temporal variations of CH4 fluxes. We conclude that in these extremely different tropical forest ecosystems there were indications of N limitation on CH4 uptake. Based on these findings, it is unlikely that elevated N deposition on tropical forests will lead to widespread inhibition of CH4 uptake.

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Van der Grinten, Esther, S. G. H. Simis, C. Barranguet, and W. Admiraal. "Dominance of diatoms over cyanobacterial species in nitrogen-limited biofilms." Archiv für Hydrobiologie 161, no. 1 (September 1, 2004): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2004/0161-0099.

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Yang, Jing, Hao Li, Di Zhang, Min Wu, and Bo Pan. "Limited role of biochars in nitrogen fixation through nitrate adsorption." Science of The Total Environment 592 (August 2017): 758–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.182.

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45

GARDNER, J., C. MCBRYDE, A. VYSTAVELOVA, M. LOPES, and V. JIRANEK. "Identification of genes affecting glucose catabolism in nitrogen-limited fermentation." FEMS Yeast Research 5, no. 9 (June 2005): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsyr.2005.02.008.

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46

P.E., Daniel P. Smith, Ph D. ,. "Aerobic Treatment of a Nitrogen-Limited Chemical Process Waste water." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 46, no. 6 (June 1996): 502–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.1996.10467485.

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47

Hunter, William J., and Dale L. Shaner. "Nitrogen limited biobarriers remove atrazine from contaminated water: Laboratory studies." Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 103, no. 1-2 (January 2009): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.08.004.

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48

Groeger, Alan W., and Bruce L. Kimmel. "Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism by Phytoplankton in a Nitrogen-Limited Reservoir." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 720–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-087.

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Phytoplankton in the downlake epilimnion of Normandy Lake, a central Tennessee reservoir, responded to summer N deficiency by increasing relative rates of lipid synthesis from 10–15% up to 20–35% of the total photosynthetic C fixation. Phytoplankton in more N-sufficient areas of the reservoir (downlake in a metalimnetic chlorophyll peak and uplake near the river inflow) maintained lower rates of lipid synthesis, generally [Formula: see text] of the total fixed C, throughout the summer. NH4 enrichment of N-deficient phytoplankton inhibited photosynthesis and significantly depressed the high lipid synthesis rates; however, NH4 enrichment had no effect on the phytosynthesis or lipid synthesis of N-sufficient phytoplankton. Our results document, for the first time, the occurrence of high lipid synthesis rates associated with the N limitation of natural phytoplankton assemblages. This relationship has previously been observed only in laboratory algal culture studies.

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49

Sierkstra, L. N., E. G. ter Schure, J. M. A. Verbakel, and C. T. Verrips. "A nitrogen-limited, glucose-repressed, continuous culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Microbiology 140, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-140-3-593.

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50

Pennings, Steven C., and Juliet C. Simpson. "Like herbivores, parasitic plants are limited by host nitrogen content." Plant Ecology 196, no. 2 (August 29, 2007): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-007-9348-z.

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