Книги: "News classification"

1

Rieger, J. H. On the classification of news of piecewise smooth objects. London: Queen Mary College, Department of Computer Science and Statistics, 1987.

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2

Pritchett, William Christopher. Neural networks for classification. Springfield, Va: Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998.

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3

Huber, John T. The species groups of Gonatocerus Nees in North America with a revision of the sulphuripes and ater groups (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae). Ottawa: Entomological Society of Canada, 1988.

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4

A, Kulikowski Casimir, ed. Computer systems that learn: Classification and prediction methods from statistics, neural nets, machine learning, and expert systems. San Mateo, Calif: M. Kaufmann Publishers, 1991.

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5

Company, Arthur Young &. State of New York classification and compensation study. [New York, N.Y.]: Arthur Young, 1985.

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6

Baram, Yoram. Estimation and classification by sigmoids based on mutual information. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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7

Ammann, Raymond. Les danses kanak: Une introduction : description, classification et analyse. Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie: Agence de Développement de la Culture Kanak avec les concours de la Province Nord, de la Province des Iles Loyauté et de la Délégation aux Affaires Culturelles, 1994.

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8

Classification. Class D. Subclasses DT-DX. History of Africa, Australia, New Zealand, etc. 3rd ed. Washington: Library of Congress, 1989.

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9

Ohrnberger, D. The bamboos of the world: A preliminary study of the names and distribution of the herbaceous and woody bamboos (Bambusoideae Nees V. Esenb.) documented in lists and maps. 3rd ed. Langweid am Lech, Federal Republic of Germany: D. Ohrnberger, 1989.

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10

M, May Dennis. New tree-classification system used by the Southern Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990.

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11

May, Dennis M. New tree-classification system used by the Southern Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990.

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12

May, Dennis M. New tree-classification system used by the Southern Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990.

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13

May, Dennis M. New tree-classification system used by the Southern Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990.

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14

May, Dennis M. New tree-classification system used by the Southern Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990.

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15

May, Dennis M. New tree-classification system used by the Southern Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1990.

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16

Don, Warwick. Ants of New Zealand. Dunedin, N.Z: Otago University Press, 2007.

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17

Attorney-General, New Zealand. Report of the Attorney-General under the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 on the Misuse of Drugs (Classification of BZP) Amendment Bill 2007. Wellington, N.Z: House of Representatives, 2007.

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18

Services, New York (State) Division of Management Audit and State Financial. State Education Department, oversight of school districts' special education classification and placement processes for school-age children. [Albany, NY: The Division, 2002.

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19

Classificatory particles in Kilivila. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.

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20

New Zealand. Parliament. Government Administration Committee. Inquiry into the operation of the Films, Videos, and Publications Classification Act 1993 and related issues: Report of the Government Administration Committee. Wellington, N.Z: House of Representatives, 2003.

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21

Potters and communities of practice: Glaze paint and polychrome pottery in the American southwest, a.d. 1250 to 1700. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2012.

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22

Ikawai: Freshwater fishes in Māori culture and economy. Christchurch, N.Z: Canterbury University Press, 2011.

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23

Chebakova, Galina, Mariya Gorbacheva, and Konstantin Esepenok. Fundamentals of processing technology and commodity science of food products from raw materials of animal origin. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1070334.

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Technologies of milk and dairy products production, technologies of slaughter of farm animals, poultry and rabbits, commodity characteristics of milk and dairy products, meat of slaughtered animals, offal, ghee, sausage products, canned meat and semi-finished products, chicken eggs and egg products are considered. The classification and characteristics of dairy and meat products are given, taking into account the new national standards developed in recent years; the terms and definitions for dairy and meat products are presented in a new interpretation. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For university students studying in the field of training 38.03.07 "Commodity science". It can be useful for experts, researchers and a wide range of consumers.

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24

Welch, Ronald M. The effects of cloud inhomogeneities upon radiative fluxes, and the supply of a cloud truth validation dataset: Semi-annual progress report, period: January-June 1996. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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25

Data, BBC. (News Information classification scheme: Subject headings). BBC Data, 1985.

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26

Haber, Matthias, and Olga Kononykhina. A Comparative Classification and Assessment of Governance Indices. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817062.003.0002.

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For decades, academic scholars and multinational organisations have been assessing how ready governments are to meet the various political and socioeconomic challenges they face. These benchmarks of good governance have led to the creation of well-known composite indices such as the Human Development Index and the Rule of Law Index. Today, there are dozens of different governance indices, but few attempts have been made to properly classify them. We still know surprisingly little about what different kinds of indicators the indices contain and how much impact they have had. This chapter introduces and classifies thirty-seven governance indices and analyses their impact on academic research, the news media, and policy-making. The results provide new insights for the comparative analysis of composite indices and offer a useful resource for index creators.

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27

Tanislav, Christian, and Manfred Kaps. Classification. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722366.003.0003.

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The classification of a cerebrovascular event distils information obtained in the workup and other related case history to a category indicating a specific pathophysiology, with direct implications for the subsequent secondary prevention management. A minimum standard of diagnostics is required for a precise classification. In young stroke victims, the conventional Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) stroke subtype classification may only address the aetiopathogenesis in 30–60% of the individuals who are affected by vascular risk factors. Applying the criteria defined by TOAST for large-artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism, and small artery disease is reliable for young stroke victims as verified in many clinical investigations. However, in a considerable proportion of stroke patients, the stroke aetiology remains unclear. For this group, some patients need to be treated in a particular manner, such as those with two or more possible aetiologies or those with suspected paradoxical embolism. In patients remaining purely cryptogenic despite an extensive diagnostic workup, imaging findings may help to identify potential triggers, particularly when an embolic infarction pattern in the acute brain imaging is obvious. Despite its shortcomings, the TOAST classification is the most universally used classification in ischaemic stroke patients. New developments in the field are addressed in this chapter and aspects are incorporated for the nominated classification adapted for the specific group of young stroke patients.

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28

New Zealand. Dept. of Statistics., ed. New Zealand standard areas classification manual. Wellington, N.Z: Dept. of Statistics, 1992.

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29

Isbell, R. Australian Soil Classification. CSIRO Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486304646.

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The Australian Soil Classification provides a framework for organising knowledge about Australian soils by allocating soils to classes via a key. Since its publication in 1996, this book has been widely adopted and formally endorsed as the official national system. It has provided a means of communication among scientists and land managers and has proven to be of particular value in land resource survey and research programs, environmental studies and education. Classification is a basic requirement of all science and needs to be periodically revised as knowledge increases. This Second Edition of The Australian Soil Classification includes updates from a working group of the National Committee on Soil and Terrain (NCST), especially in regards to new knowledge about acid sulfate soils (sulfidic materials). Modifications include expanding the classification to incorporate different kinds of sulfidic materials, the introduction of subaqueous soils as well as new Vertosol subgroups, new Hydrosol family criteria and the consistent use of the term reticulate. All soil orders except for Ferrosols and Sodosols are affected by the changes.

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30

Isbell, R. Australian Soil Classification. CSIRO Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486314782.

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The Australian Soil Classification provides a framework for organising knowledge about Australian soils by allocating soils to classes via a key. Since its publication in 1996, this book has been widely adopted and formally endorsed as the official national system. It has provided a means of communication among scientists and land managers and has proven to be of particular value in land resource survey and research programs, environmental studies and education. Classification is a basic requirement of all science and needs to be periodically revised as knowledge increases. This third edition of The Australian Soil Classification includes updates from a working group of the National Committee on Soil and Terrain (NCST). The main change in this edition accommodates new knowledge and understanding of the significance, nature, distribution and refined testing for soils comprising deep sands, leading to the inclusion of a new Order, the Arenosols. The introduction of the Arenosols Order led to a review and changes to Calcarosols, Tenosols and Rudosols. The Australian Soil Classification is Volume 4 in the Australian Soil and Land Survey Handbooks Series.

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31

Comparisons of neural networks to standard techniques for image classification and correlation. [Moffett Field, Calif.]: Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, NASA Ames Research Center, 1994.

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32

Arbustini, Eloisa, Valentina Favalli, Alessandro Di Toro, Alessandra Serio, and Jagat Narula. Classification of cardiomyopathies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0348.

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For over 50 years, the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies have remained anchored in the concept of ventricular dysfunction and myocardial structural remodelling due to unknown cause. The concept of idiopathic was first challenged in 2006, when the American Heart Association classification subordinated the phenotype to the aetiology. Cardiomyopathies were classified as genetic, acquired, and mixed. In 2008, the European Society of Cardiology proposed a phenotype-driven classification that separated familial (genetic) from non-familial (non-genetic) forms of cardiomyopathy. Both classifications led the way to a precise phenotypic and aetiological description of the disease and moved away from the previously held notion of idiopathic disease. In 2013, the World Heart Federation introduced a descriptive and flexible nosology—the MOGE(S) classification—describing the morphofunctional (M) phenotype of cardiomyopathy, the involvement of additional organs (O), the familial/genetic (G) origin, and the precise description of the (a)etiology including genetic mutation, if applicable (E); reporting of functional status such as American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association stage and New York Heart Association classification (S) was left optional. MOGE(S) is a bridge between the past and the future. It allows description of comprehensive phenotypic data, all genetic and non-genetic causes of cardiomyopathy, and incorporates description of familial clustering in a genetic disease. MOGE(S) is the instrument of precision diagnosis for cardiomyopathies. The addition of the early and unaffected phenotypes to the (M) descriptor outlines the clinical profile of an early affected family member; the examples include non-dilated hypokinetic cardiomyopathy in dilated cardiomyopathy and septal thickness (13–14 mm) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy classes.

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33

Bosse, Joanna. The Classification of Style. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039010.003.0003.

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This chapter introduces the reader to to the tenets of ballroom dance by focusing on the various classificatory systems used in social dances. It begins with a discussion of the “ballroom umbrella” and the wealth of symbolic resources it encompasses, first by considering dancesport and social dancing, followed by an analysis of International and American styles of ballroom performance. It then examines four themes that emerge from classificatory systems: an emphasis on a high degree of specialization in performance; the demonstration of control over the body and its movement; the rationalization of movement and the ideas articulated by it, especially as mediated by language and other symbols; and an association with Western Europe. The chapter suggests that dance classifications also function as social classifications that serve to stratify individuals and groups according to their perception of the social order. More specifically, they articulate the betwixt-and-between-ness that characterizes the American middle class.

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34

Farb, Benson, and Dan Margalit. The Nielsen-Thurston Classification. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691147949.003.0014.

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This chapter explains and proves the Nielsen–Thurston classification of elements of Mod(S), one of the central theorems in the study of mapping class groups. It first considers the classification of elements for the torus of Mod(T² before discussing higher-genus analogues for each of the three types of elements of Mod(T². It then states the Nielsen–Thurston classification theorem in various forms, as well as a connection to 3-manifold theory, along with Thurston's geometric classification of mapping torus. The rest of the chapter is devoted to Bers' proof of the Nielsen–Thurston classification. The collar lemma is highlighted as a new ingredient, as it is also a fundamental result in the hyperbolic geometry of surfaces.

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35

Tjärnlund, Anna, and Ingrid E. Lundberg. Diagnostic and classification criteria. Edited by Hector Chinoy and Robert Cooper. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754121.003.0002.

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Diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) is based on clinical features such as subacute progress of symmetrical weakness of proximal muscle and muscle fatigue, in combination with laboratory confirmation of myopathy, including elevated muscle enzyme levels in serum and histological demonstration of skeletal muscle inflammation, as well as fibre regeneration and degeneration in muscle biopsies. Several classification criteria for IIM have historically been proposed. New classification criteria for IIM have been developed, and are based on real patient data from adult and juvenile IIM cases worldwide. These criteria provide a probability of having IIM with defined cut-off values for categorizing ‘possible’, ‘probable’, and ‘definite’ IIM. Autoantibodies in IIM are becoming increasingly important for diagnosis and classification, and newly identified autoantibodies specific for inclusion body myositis may provide a future diagnostic tool.

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36

Arden, Nigel, and Michael C. Nevitt. Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0008.

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Despite the impact of osteoarthritis (OA) on patients and the health service, OA remains an elusive condition to define and treat. Traditionally, OA has been diagnosed using radiographs and more recently magnetic resonance imaging; however, the last 20 years of research have changed our thinking about the disease and its treatment. We know today that OA takes up to 10–15 years to develop, has a range of risk factors, and that there is a considerable discordance between symptoms and structural signs, such that new classifications and definitions are moving away from structural criteria to combined structure and pain definitions. This chapter reviews the definition and classification of OA and its prevalence, incidence, and natural history.

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37

A, Schowengerdt Robert, and Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science (U.S.), eds. The effect of lossy image compression on image classification. [Moffett Field, Calif.]: Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, NASA Ames Research Center, 1995.

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38

The effect of lossy image compression on image classification. [Moffett Field, Calif.]: Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, NASA Ames Research Center, 1995.

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39

Wilkerson, John D., Nora Webb Williams, and Andreu Casas. Images As Data for Social Science Research: An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Nets for Image Classification. Cambridge University Press, 2020.

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40

Dowd, Cate. Digital Journalism, Drones, and Automation. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190655860.001.0001.

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Advances in online technology and news systems, such as automated reasoning across digital resources and connectivity to cloud servers for storage and software, have changed digital journalism production and publishing methods. Integrated media systems used by editors are also conduits to search systems and social media, but the lure of big data and rise in fake news have fragmented some layers of journalism, alongside investments in analytics and a shift in the loci for verification. Data has generated new roles to exploit data insights and machine learning methods, but access to big data and data lakes is so significant it has spawned newsworthy partnerships between media moguls and social media entrepreneurs. However, digital journalism does not even have its own semantic systems that could protect the values of journalism, but relies on the affordances of other systems. Amidst indexing and classification systems for well-defined vocabulary and concepts in news, data leaks and metadata present challenges for journalism. By contrast data visualisations and real-time field reporting with short-form mobile media and civilian drones set new standards during the European asylum seeker crisis. Aerial filming with drones also adds to the ontological base of journalism. An ontology for journalism and intersecting ontologies can inform the design of new semantic learning systems. The Semantic CAT Method, which draws on participatory design and game design, also assists the conceptual design of synthetic players with emotion attributes, towards a meta-model for learning. The design of context-aware sensor systems to protect journalists in conflict zones is also discussed.

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41

Siebert, Stefan, Sengupta Raj, and Alexander Tsoukas. Classification criteria and diagnosis in spondyloarthritis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755296.003.0012.

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The spondyloarthropathies (SpA) are heterogeneous multisystem disorders with no single ‘gold standard’ clinical, laboratory, pathological or radiological feature to confirm the diagnosis. A number of criteria have therefore been developed to support clinical practice and research. In this chapter, we highlight the important differences between classification and diagnostic criteria, which are often confused although they have very different applications. We then review some of the major SpA classification criteria including the modified New York criteria for ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the Amor and ESSG criteria for SpA, and the ASAS criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The evolution of these classification criteria has facilitated many significant advances in the field of axSpA and SpA in general. Specifically, the development of classification criteria for axSpA that do not rely on established radiographic damage has allowed biologic therapies to be investigated, and used, in earlier disease and for a wider population of patients.

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42

Tampi, Rajesh, Kristina Zdanys, and Mark Oldham, eds. Psychiatry Board Review. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190265557.001.0001.

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The field of psychiatry is rapidly evolving, specifically in the areas of psychopharmacology, psychotherapeutic strategies, and the classification of many major psychiatric disorders with the implementation of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 in 2013. A new board review textbook is imperative to address these changes in order to prepare board-eligible psychiatrists for the certification examination as well as for clinical practice in general. Additionally, the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology is in the process of phasing in the DSM-5 criteria to the board examination, such that by 2017 the examination material will exclusively reflect the new manual. The book is aimed primarily at board-eligible psychiatrists preparing for their Initial certification in psychiatry. It will be a useful study tool for psychiatrists renewing certification as well, which in the United States is required every ten years. Furthermore the text will also be a useful reference for all psychiatrists in clinical practice to familiarize themselves with the new diagnostic classifications of DSM-5, the latest psychopharmacologic treatment strategies, and psychotherapeutic techniques.

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43

Ferraty, Frédéric, and Philippe Vieu. A Unifying Classification for Functional Regression Modeling. Edited by Frédéric Ferraty and Yves Romain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199568444.013.1.

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This article presents a unifying classification for functional regression modeling, and more specifically for modeling the link between two variables X and Y, when the explanatory variable (X) is of a functional nature. It first provides a background on the proposed classification of regression models, focusing on the regression problem and defining parametric, semiparametric, and nonparametric models, and explains how semiparametric modeling can be interpreted in terms of dimension reduction. It then gives four examples of functional regression models, namely: functional linear regression model, additive functional regression model, smooth nonparametric functional model, and single functional index model. It also considers a number of new models, directly adapted to functional variables from the existing standard multivariate literature.

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44

Klein, Julie Thompson. Typologies of Interdisciplinarity. Edited by Robert Frodeman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198733522.013.3.

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The dominant structure of knowledge in the twentieth century was division into domains of disciplinary specialization. In the latter half of the century this system was challenged by an increasing number of interdisciplinary activities. This chapter examines typologies of interdisciplinary activities, identifying patterns of consensus and fault lines of debate from the first major classification scheme in 1970 and continues to recent taxonomies that recognize new developments. The chapter compares similarities and differences in a framework of multidisciplinary juxtaposition and alignment of disciplines, interdisciplinary integration and collaboration, and transdisciplinary synthesis and trans-sector problem solving. It further distinguishes major variants of methodological versus theoretical interdisciplinarity, bridge building versus restructuring, and instrumental versus critical interdisciplinarity. Typologies are neither neutral nor static. They reflect choices of representation in a semantic web of differing purposes, contexts, organizational structures, and epistemological frameworks. They reassert, extend, interrogate, and reformulate existing classifications to address both ongoing and unmet needs.

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45

J, Goerrings, and Ohrnberger D, eds. The bamboos of the world: A preliminary study of the names and distribution of the herbaceous and woody bamboos (bambusoideae nees v. esenb.) documented in lists and maps. Langweid am Lech: s.n., 1987.

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46

New York City Police Department police statistics: Recording and classification of lost property and petit larceny complaints. [New York, N.Y: Office of the State Deputy Comptroller, 1990.

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47

Ants of New Zealand. Univ of Otago Pr, 2007.

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48

Rahimi, Kazem. Heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy). Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0106.

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Cardiomyopathy is defined as disease of heart muscle, and typically refers to diseases of ventricular myocardium. A consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) working group on myocardial and pericardial diseases, published in 2007, abandoned the inconsistent and rather arbitrary classification into primary and secondary causes and based its classification on ventricular morphology and function only. This classification distinguishes five types of cardiomyopathy: dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, and unclassified cardiomyopathies (such as takotsubo cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction). Each category is further subdivided into familial and non-familial causes. In a departure from the 1995 WHO classification, the ESC consensus statement excludes myocardial dysfunction caused by coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular disease, and congenital heart disease from the definition of cardiomyopathy. The rationale for this was to highlight the differences in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of these common diseases, and to make the new classification system more acceptable for the routine clinical use. In contrast to the American Heart Association scientific statement, the ESC definition does not consider channelopathies as cardiomyopathies. The sections on cardiomyopathy in this chapter are based on the ESC definition, with a brief reference to channelopathies.

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49

Phillips, Katharine A. Classification of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Relevance for Patient Care. Edited by Katharine A. Phillips. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190254131.003.0004.

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The classification of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has evolved over the decades. This chapter discusses these changes and highlights their relevance to patient care. BDD was first briefly mentioned in DSM-III (1980). DSM-III-R (1987) was the first edition of DSM to classify BDD as a separate disorder and provide diagnostic criteria. The most notable changes introduced in DSM-IV (1994) and DSM-5 (2013) were the addition of a clinical significance criterion to DSM-IV and the addition of a repetitive behaviors criterion, as well as specifiers for insight and muscle dysmorphia, in DSM-5. Earlier editions of DSM classified delusional BDD symptoms as a distinct psychotic disorder, whereas DSM-5 classifies such beliefs as BDD with the absent insight specifier and as the same disorder as nondelusional BDD. DSM-5 also moved BDD to a new chapter; it is now classified as an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder rather than a somatoform disorder. This change has important implications for how BDD is conceptualized.

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50

Del Giudice, Marco. Evolutionary Psychopathology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190246846.001.0001.

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This book presents a unified approach to evolutionary psychopathology, and advances an integrative framework for the analysis and classification of mental disorders based on the concepts of life history theory. The framework does not aim to replace existing evolutionary models of specific disorders—which are reviewed and critically discussed in the book—but to connect them in a broader perspective and explain the large-scale patterns of risk and comorbidity that characterize psychopathology. The life history framework permits a seamless integration of mental disorders with normative individual differences in personality and cognition, and offers new conceptual tools for the analysis of developmental, genetic, and neurobiological data. The concepts synthesized in the book are used to derive a new taxonomy of mental disorders, the fast-slow-defense (FSD) model. The FSD model is the first classification system explicitly based on evolutionary concepts, a biologically grounded alternative to transdiagnostic models based on empirical correlations between symptoms. The book reviews a wide range of common mental disorders, discusses their classification in the FSD model, and identifies functional subtypes within existing diagnostic categories.

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