Дисертації: "New York Convention of 1958"

1

Al, Mana Ahmad. "L'exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères selon la Convention de New York de 1958." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA01A270.

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L'exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères selon la Convention de New York de 1958 L'arbitrage est devenu le mécanisme de règlement des différends dans les contrats internationaux. L'arbitrage international offre aux Parties non seulement la possibilité d'éviter les juridictions étatiques, mais facilite également l'exécution internationale des sentences arbitrales. Dans ce cadre, la Convention de New York de 1958 sur la reconnaissance et l'exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères constitue sans aucun doute le traité le plus important dans le domaine de l'arbitrage international, et a connu un succès remarquable au cours de sa ratification par 147 États. Cette étude apporte une analyse approfondie sur la mise en application et l’interprétation par les différentes juridictions des dispositions prévues par cette Convention, surtout en matière de reconnaissance et d’exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères.

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Al, Mana Ahmad. "L'exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères selon la Convention de New York de 1958." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010281.

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L'arbitrage est devenu le mécanisme de règlement des différends dans les contrats internationaux. L'arbitrage international offre aux parties non seulement la possibilité d’éviter les juridictions étatiques, mais facilite également l'exécution internationale des sentences arbitrales. Dans ce cadre, la Convention de New York de 1958 sur la reconnaissance et l’exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères constitue sans aucun doute le traité le plus important dans le domaine de l'arbitrage international, et a connu un succès remarquable au cours de sa ratification par 147 États. Cette étude apporte une analyse approfondie sur la mise en application et l’interprétation par les différentes juridictions des dispositions prévues par cette Convention, surtout en matière de reconnaissance et d’exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères
Arbitration has become the dispute resolution mechanism in international contracts. International arbitration does not only offer to the parties the possibility of avoiding the States jurisdictions, it also facilitates the international enforceability of arbitral awards. In this respect, the New York Convention of 1958 on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards constitutes without a doubt the single most important treaty in the field of international arbitration, and has enjoyed remarkable success through its ratification by 147 States. This study presents a thorough analysis of the application and interpretation of the provisions, provided by the Convention, by different jurisdictions especially in the area of the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards

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3

Seyadi, Reyadh. "Challenges in implementing the 1958 New York Convention : a case study of the Arab Gulf States." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13192/.

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This thesis concerns the implementation of the 1958 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (henceforth, NYC). It addresses some contemporary problems associated with the implementation of the NYC and considers the Arab Gulf states (henceforth, GCC states) as a case study to illustrate these problems. The thesis first examines how different judicial interpretations of the NYC provisions may weaken the efficiency of the well-established legal framework that regulates the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards as established by the NYC, and developed by the practice of many jurisdictions during the last fifty years. Following this, it examines whether the laws and court decisions on the NYC in the GCC states are compatible with the best standards of international practice in this field.

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4

Al-Shareef, Naif S. "Enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Saudi Arabia : grounds for refusal under article (V) of the New York Convention of 1958." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395692.

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5

Tarawneh, Musleh Ahmad Musa. "Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration agreements under the New York Convention on Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 1998. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59754.

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6

Towfiq, Peshawa Sammad. "Recognition and enforcement of foreign commercial arbitration agreements and awards in Iraqi law : analytic study under the New York Convention of 1958." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.743883.

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7

Gavronski, Lucas Gerhardt. "A ordem pública na arbitrabilidade de disputas comerciais internacionais na perspectiva brasileira." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/115072.

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A Dissertação trata da influência da Ordem Pública na arbitrabilidade das disputas comerciais internacionais, na perspectiva brasileira. Na sua primeira parte, traçam-se as bases teóricas da noção de Ordem Pública e as suas repercussões no ordenamento brasileiro. Na segunda parte, examina-se a Convenção de Nova York de 1958 e, especialmente, o papel que a noção de Ordem Pública desempenha no seu regime. A partir daí, aborda-se a questão da arbitrabilidade e do dever dos árbitros de proferir uma sentenças exequível para se concluir que a observância da Ordem Pública é um requisito de arbitrabilidade, nos termos da Convenção de Nova York de 1958.
The thesis regards the influence of Public Policy in the arbitrability of international commercial disputes, in the Brazilian perspective. In its first part, it sets the theoretical basis of the Public Pulicy notion and its repercussion in the Brazilian legal system. In its second part, it examines the 1958 New York Convention and, especially, the role of Public Policy in the Convention’s regimen. From that point, it analyzes the issue of arbitrability and the arbitrators’ duty to render an enforceable award, to conclude that compliance with Public Policy is a requirement of arbitrability under the 1958 New York Convention.

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8

Persson, Thurén Martin. "Enforcement of Annulled Arbitral Awards : A Study on the Enforcement of Annulled Foreign Arbitral Awards under the 1958 New York Convention from a Swedish Perspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-338804.

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Different interpretations of the New York Convention’s Article V(1)(e) have caused inconsistencies regarding how courts deal with applications for enforcement of annulled foreign arbitral awards. Court cases from various Contracting States display that the courts have adopted different approaches to this matter. With the rising number of challenges of awards, the issue has become increasingly important. The author examines international case law to analyze the issue of enforcement of annulled arbitral awards with the purpose of suggesting a possible Swedish approach. A number of aspects support the view that national courts have discretion when deciding whether to enforce a foreign arbitral award notwithstanding that has been annulled in the country of origin. Both the New York Convention and the Swedish Arbitration Act leaves narrow room for the court to exercise this discretion. The author suggests that enforcement of an annulled foreign arbitral award should be possible in Sweden under certain exceptional circumstances. If the competent authority in the country where the award was made annuls the award for reasons totally unacceptable from a Swedish point of view, the option to enforce the foreign arbitral award in Sweden should still be available. This approach is in line with the wording and purpose of both the New York Convention and the Swedish Arbitration Act. The suggested Swedish approach would not cause any serious uncertainty for the parties to the arbitration, but would create a necessary safety-valve for the courts to avoid having to refuse enforcement of a foreign arbitral award when it has been set aside for obscure reasons or by a corrupt court. As is evident from international case law, the interpretation and application of Article V(1)(e) of the New York Convention varies depending on what country enforcement is sought. To avoid contributing to further inconsistencies, it is necessary for Swedish authorities and practitioners to consider the issues addressed in the study.

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9

Al-Malahmeh, Firas. "The deficiencies of the New York Convention of 1958 relating to the enforcement refusal ground V (1) (e) and their effects on the enforcement of annulled foreign arbitral awards." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31091.

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This work examines the deficiencies of the New York Convention of 1958, on the "recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards", relating mainly to the enforcement refusal ground V (1) (e) dealing exclusively with annulled foreign arbitral awards. Chapter One deals with the importance of the New York Convention and also clarifies its deficiencies reflected in the ambiguous language of Article V (1) and in failing to mention the grounds upon which rendered arbitral awards can be annulled. Chapter Two examines the attempts of the Contracting States adhering to the 1958 Convention and the extent of such attempts to cover its deficiencies, in particular the absence of the annulment grounds. Chapter Three mainly examines the effect of the absence of the annulment grounds, under the Convention, on the Contracting States' attempts, discussing, in particular, the grounds upon which the rendered arbitral awards can be annulled. In other words, this chapter examines whether the annulment grounds listed under the national arbitration laws are mandatory or have adequately covered the 1958 Convention's deficiency and thus cannot be waived or expanded either by the provisions of national arbitration laws or parties' agreements. Chapter Four concentrates on the academics' and national courts' approaches when recognition and enforcement of annulled foreign arbitral awards are sought. This determines the vital role of the deficiencies of the 1958 Convention and their effects on the national enforcement courts' decisions and on the extent of the discretion which they should exercise. This work concludes that the implementation of the enforcement refusal ground V (1) (e) is affected. The conclusion will demonstrate that arbitral awards annulled in their countries of origin can survive and be capable of being recognised and enforced when enforcement applications are made in a state other than the state where the arbitral award is annulled.

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10

Almuhaidb, Yasser. "The recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Saudi Arabia : an examination of the function of Article (V) of the 1958 New York Convention in the Saudi legal order." Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8219.

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This thesis argues that Art. V (2) (b) of the NYC, which states that recognition and enforcement may be refused by a competent authority if enforcement of the awards would be contrary to the public policy of the country in question, will mean that any foreign awards contrary to Islamic principles will not be enforced in Saudi Arabia, due to the Kingdom's strict adherence to Shari'ah. Furthermore, it argues that Article V (2)(b) of the NYC provides a safe harbour wherein Saudi Arabia does not have to recognize a non-Saudi Arabian award that is contrary to its public policy. Article V(b)(2) allows Saudi Arabia to embrace the international community and its rules for international dispute resolution and enforcement, without rejecting its own history and public policy. However, Saudi Arabia's apparent negative attitude towards enforcement of foreign awards is based, to a large extent, upon the conflict between the spirit of the NYC and Shari'ah rules applied in Saudi Arabia. In arguing this thesis, this study proceeds from the hypotheses that the enforcement of foreign awards in Saudi Arabia is impossible or at least extremely difficult, even after the county’s adherence to the NYC in 1994. Saudi Arabia's adoption of NYC remains consistent with its historical resistance to treaties on international arbitration. One possible explanation for such an attitude on the part of Saudi Arabia is seen in its persistent protection patterns perpetuated by key KSA authorities, especially with regard to resistance in internationalizing trade related to oil exploration and production.

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11

Celis, Maggi Fernando Luis. "Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, a practical analysis. The chilean experience in the application of the New York Convention of 1958 and the Chilean International Commercial Arbitration Law in the exequatur proceedings, since 2005." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/129877.

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12

Shen, Wei. "Beyond the New York Convention." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2167/.

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Many critical issues in today's international commercial arbitration are unsettled. The purpose of this research is to study how the New York Convention shall be reformed or evolved on a jurisprudential basis. The New York Convention to a certain extent is a legal discourse with some crucial norms such as party autonomy and the split of powers (involving judicial review and sovereignty). Social, historical, economic and cultural factors affect the formation and application of norms in this discourse. With this in mind, the disciplines of law, sociology, and economics will be adopted occasionally. Darwinian legal theory and game theory are two major analytic approaches. There are six chapters in this dissertation. The purpose, task and methodologies of this research are outlined in Chapter 1. No research on arbitration would be complete without some discussion of the historical context, which can help to explore the differences between different times and show the evolution of critical norms and theories. The discussion concerning Darwinian legal theory and the evolution of the New York Convention is in Chapter 2. The theory can be a tool to explain the future development of the New York Convention in a changing legal environment. Game theory is often used to study such legal phenomena as jurisdictional competition and legal harmonisation. The basic idea is that states act in their self-interest like private parties in the game, which requires a "federalism" system in place to harmonise self-interest-oriented national rules. Under the New York Convention, the enforcement of vacated arbitral awards involve multiple states and naturally touches upon the actions these states may take. Game theory is used in Chapter 3 to study the possibility of harmonising national rules in the trend of de-localisation and globalisation. The modern arbitration has become more legalistic. The business community desire applicable rules and procedures more business-oriented and simpler than those used by national courts. Instead of rigid national laws, the business community prefers the stability and predictability offered by law merchant or lex mercatoria. Historical and neo-economic studies of lex mercatoria are offered in Chapter 4 to demonstrate the necessity of recognising lex mercatoria in practice. Public policy is a critical concept in the New York Convention. Apart from the arbitrability and public policy review in the enforcement procedure, Chapter 5 tries to explore the possibility of framing "normative" public policy on the basis of game theory. States are the key actor in implementing public policy. Thus, the role and function of the states in the era of globalisation will be studied as well by reference to the neo-economic theories. A conclusion is set out in Chapter 6.

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13

Eker, Bihter Kaytaz. "Harmonising role of the New York Convention." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/53583.

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The United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards ("the New York Convention") has provided a unique legal framework for the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards and arbitration agreements. Having been adopted by 159 States at the time of this thesis, the New York Convention represents the most significant convention in the field. Having been in force almost 60 years, it is time to assess its meaning for international arbitration. This thesis first examines the contribution of the New York Convention to the development of arbitration to date and second explores whether it has a contemporary role to play. Focusing on both its contribution through its original objective and its effect on the development of a favourable attitude towards international arbitration by courts and legislators, the study demonstrates that the New York Convention has had an impact beyond that which its drafters intended. Regarding its contemporary relevance, the thesis argues that persistent issues in the enforcement of arbitral awards proves that the New York Convention has no active relevance for contributing to facilitate enforcement of arbitral awards.

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14

Widiez, Rasolonomenjanahary Gaëlle. "Les obligations alimentaires à caractère international." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2D007/document.

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Les règles de droit international privé applicables aux obligations alimentaires présentent trois caractéristiques principales. Primo, elles sont de source principalement internationale. Outre quelques règles de droit commun subsistantes, elles proviennent de six conventions de La Haye, d’un règlement européen, d’une convention adoptée sous l’égide des Nations-Unies et de conventions bilatérales et multilatérales. Secundo, elles s’insèrent au sein du mouvement contemporain de spécialisation de la discipline, ce qui implique un démantèlement des grandes catégories juridiques composant le statut personnel. Tertio, au carrefour de plusieurs intérêts, elles sont d’une particulière complexité. L’étude des obligations alimentaires à caractère international nous permet alors dedresser un bilan critique du droit international privé contemporain de la famille produit de manière désorganisée par la Conférence de La Haye et l’Union européenne. Bien évidemment, l’internationalisation des sources a permis des avancées certaines des méthodes du droit international privé. Parallèlement, elle a profondémentmétamorphosé la discipline en l’orientant vers la satisfaction d’intérêts politiques propres aux producteurs de normes au détriment de ses objectifs traditionnels. Prenant acte de ces observations, nous proposons un renouvellement du mode de production normative. L’amélioration des règles critiquables passe forcément par une réorganisation des rôles de l’État, de l’Union européenne et de la Conférence de La Haye dans l’élaboration du droit international privé
The rules of Private International Law which could be applied to the maintenance obligations have three main characteristics. First of all, they are mainly from an International source. Some of the rules of International Law come from six Hague Conventions, an European regulation, a convention adopted under the United Nations’auspices, bilateral and multilateral conventions. Secondly, they take part in the discipline specialization through the contemporary movement which conclude the abolition of the main legal categories making up the personal status. Thirdly, they have a particular complexity being at the crossroad of several interests. The study of the maintenance obligations at an international scale allows us to critically asses the contemporary private international family law produced in the disorganized manner by the Hague Conference and the European Union. To be clarify it more, the internationalization of its sources allowed clear advance in the private international law methods. At the same time, it has changed the discipline fundamentally by focusing on the satisfaction of the norm setters’ political interests at the expense of its traditional goal. Taking note of these observations, we propose a renewal of the norms’ production method. Indeed, the questionable rules necessarily improve through the reorganization of the roles of the state, the European Union and the Hague Conference in the development of the private international law

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15

Cantuarias, Salaverry Fernando, and Deville Jose Luis Repetto. "Application of New York Convention by Latin American courts." IUS ET VERITAS, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123557.

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Through this paper, the authors comment on the application of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, approved in New York on June 10, 1958, through the review of the most relevant case-law of the main jurisdictions in arbitration in Latin America. The following article provides a review of the different ground for refusal of recognition that a party can use to oppose the recognition of an award, revealing the criteria used by the courts to enforce or deny recognition of a foreign award.
A través de este artículo, los autores comentan la aplicación de la Convención sobre el Reconocimiento y la Ejecución de Sentencias Arbitrales Extranjeras, aprobada en Nueva York el 10 de junio de 1958, a través de la revisión de la jurisprudencia más relevante de las principales jurisdicciones en materia arbitral de América Latina. El siguiente artículo aporta una revisión de las diferentes causales que puede utilizar una parte para oponerse al reconocimiento de un laudo evidenciándose los criterios que emplean las cortes para amparar o denegar el reconocimiento de un laudo extranjero.

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16

Gueldry, Michel R. "La France gaullienne dans "Le Monde" et "The New-York Times" : 1958-1969." Toulouse 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU10015.

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Défini négativement, cet essai n'est ni une histoire des relations entre de Gaulle et les hôtes successifs de la Maison blanche, ni une histoire de la diplomatie gaulliste. Défini positivement, il est une analyse de presse à partir d'une série d'événements internationaux marqués par leurs deux pôles essentiels : le général de Gaulle et les États-Unis. C'est une étude critique de la position du monde et du New York Times face au général, entre 1958 et 1969, sur un problème essentiel : les rapports atlantiques et leurs corrélats : la construction de l'Europe, les rapports franco-allemands, les relations avec les pays de l'est et l'ouverture au tiers-monde - autant d'alternatives possibles à cette dépendance multiforme vis-à-vis de Washington que le prestigieux quotidien français et le très prestigieux président français rejetaient également. L'accent a été volontairement porté sur les événements diplomatiques, en excluant relations économiques, culturelles, scientifiques, etc. . . , et comme la trame des faits de l'époque est supposée connue, seuls sont rappelés, suivant les nécessités du développement, quelques repères essentiels. L'analyse montre que ces deux excellents quotidiens se prononcent en fonction de valeurs universelles - paix, démocratie, coopération - dont ils donnent des définitions différentes ; et que leurs positions reflètent, en définitive, un certain credo national
Defined negatively this dissertation is neither a study of Gaullist diplomacy nor a study of the relation between general de Gaulle and the White house. Defined positively it is a press analysis of a series of international events marked by two essential poles : C. De Gaulle and the USA it is a critical study of the position of " Le monde " and The New York Times between 1958 and 1969 on a key problem: transatlantic relations. This study shows that these two excellent dailies take their stand in the name of universal values: peace, democracy, cooperation. . . Of which they give different definitions. Their positions reflect ultimately a certain national credo, more than journalistic objectivity

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17

Law, Thomas. "O reconhecimento e a execução de sentenças arbitrais estrangeiras no Brasil: atualizado com o novo CPC." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7056.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thomas Law.pdf: 1275572 bytes, checksum: 98183030b6c760470e7582142b05e99a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-09
This Master s Thesis focuses on the acknowledgement and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Brazil, based on the theoretical and practical research in the fields of civil procedural law and international law, considering it includes a study on the different international laws, conventions and treaties on international commercial arbitration, as well as on the acknowledgement and enforcement of arbitral awards. The first part of the study refers to the events of direct enforcement and nationalization of foreign arbitral awards, according to the new legal provisions of the New Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure. The second part of the study covers the assessment of the ratification process of foreign arbitral awards before the Superior Court of Justice (STJ), considering Brazil s new Code of Civil Procedure, the new internal rules of the Superior Court of Justice, the Arbitration Law and the New York Convention. The thesis also covers two cases, specifically, judged by the Superior Court of Justice: SEC No. 2,410 (Ferrocarriles versus Supervia Concessionária de Transportes Ferroviário S/A) and SEC No. 826 (Ssangyong Corporation versus Eldorado Indústrias Plásticas Ltda). Finally, after the reflection on the research conducted, one argues nationalization of the foreign arbitral award is possible given the new provisions included in Brazil s new Code of Civil Procedure and the acknowledgement thereof by the Superior Court of Justice, in the possibility of nationalization of the arbitral award in the Appeal to the Superior Court of Justice No. 1.231.554
A presente dissertação de mestrado trata do reconhecimento e da execução da sentença arbitral estrangeira no Brasil. É uma pesquisa teórica e prática das áreas de direito processual civil e direito internacional, uma vez que aborda as mais diversas legislações internacionais e convenções que tratam da arbitragem comercial internacional e o reconhecimento e execução dos laudos arbitrais. Na primeira parte do estudo, serão analisadas as hipóteses de execução direta e nacionalização do laudo arbitral estrangeiro conforme novos dispositivos legais oriundos do Novo Código de Processo Civil. Na segunda parte, será abordado o processo homologatório de sentenças arbitrais estrangeiras perante o Superior Tribunal de Justiça tendo em vista o Novo Código de Processo Civil, o novo regimento interno do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, a Lei de Arbitragem e a Convenção sobre o Reconhecimento e a Execução de Sentenças Arbitrais Estrangeiras ("Convenção de Nova Iorque"). Paralelamente, dois casos, em especial, julgados pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça, são objeto de análise e investigação: a SEC n. 2.410(Ferrocarriles versus Supervia Concessionária de Transportes Ferroviário S/A) e a SEC n.826 (Ssangyong Corporation versus Eldorado Indústrias Plásticas Ltda). Por fim, após a reflexão do trabalho investigativo, propõe-se concluir pela nacionalização do laudo arbitral estrangeiro levando em consideração as novidades trazidas no novo Código de Processo Civil e o reconhecimento pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça da possibilidade da nacionalização do laudo arbitral no REsp 1.231.554

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Obeidat, Sanaa A. "Exceptions to the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards under the New York Convention : prospects for Jordan." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26216.

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The enforcement of the arbitral award is the phase upon which the success of the arbitral process depends. An adoption of the New York Convention, as well as the pro-enforcement attitude that it fosters, helps in creating a system for the facilitation of the enforcement of arbitral awards throughout the world.
In Jordan, the benefits sought from adopting the Convention will not be realised unless the Convention's bias towards the enforcement of foreign awards is clearly understood and implemented in the courts' decisions.
The autonomous nature of arbitration should make it possible for the Jordanian courts to apply a narrow interpretation of the Convention's grounds for non-enforcement; an approach which has already become a trend in cases decided under the Convention. Such a relaxed treatment of foreign awards has not, and should not, risk the procedural integrity of the arbitral process. This is so since the Convention provides for a safeguard of the enforcing state's most basic notions of public policy and due process.

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19

Wheaton, Chad Randall Lasch-Quinn Elisabeth. "'And proudly called it growing': the New York State Fair and the consequences of progress, 1890--1958." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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20

Matipe, J. A. P., and Prince N. C. Olokotor. "Judicial attitudes towards the enforcement of annulled awards." Kluwer Law International, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17594.

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Анотація:

Yes
This chapter explores the issue of the enforcement of annulled awards under the regime of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, New York 1958 (New York Convention) through an analysis of recent decisions from the courts of the United States, England and France, to suggest the attitude courts in African States should adopt when required to enforce an annulled award. These three jurisdictions have robustly engaged with this question and their courts have proffered different reasons for the positions they take on the issue, which may be instructive to the courts in Africa. The issue is set out in 14.01; and the theoretical and practical effects of annulled awards are briefly discussed in 14.02. The approach adopted by the English courts is briefly examined in 14.03; the US courts in 14.04; and the French courts in 14.05; and a conclusion.

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21

Olokotor, Ndudi. "Judicial attitudes to enforcement of transnational awards under the New York Convention : a critical assessment of the English and Nigerian courts." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2017. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/24950/.

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22

Dezeuze, Anna. "The 'do-it-yourself artwork' : spectator participation and the 'dematerialisation' of the art object, New York and Rio de Janeiro, 1958-1967." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400375.

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23

Qouteshat, Omar Husain jamil. "The enforcement of electronic arbitral awards in international commercial disputes under the New York Convention : the case of Dubai and DIFC courts." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20465/.

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When arbitration is conducted online, some inherent, fundamental issues arise which could potentially undermine the enforceability of the final award under the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958, the “New York Convention” (NYC). The study identifies four key challenges which a winning party seeking the enforcement of an electronic award according to the NYC might face with relation to the enforcement of that award: the validity of electronic arbitration agreements, the enforceability of consumer arbitration agreements concluded online, obstacles arising out of the conduct of the arbitration procedures online and the issue of electronic authentication of the final award. The study first critically analyses the NYC, to identify some key problems in relation to each of the said issues which might compromise or undermine the enforcement of awards rendered in online arbitration; it then makes suggestions as to some possible amendments to the NYC. The study then goes on to consider these issues in the context of the applicable law before the Dubai and DIFC Courts as the enforcement courts, to examine their ability to enforce such an award. The study concludes with several recommendations for both practice and law reform in the jurisdictions discussed, in relation to each issue. The study is original in that it is the first comprehensive analysis of all the said issues, from formation of the arbitration agreement, through various stages of online procedures, to the final enforcement of the award, within the examined jurisdictions. Further, the recommended changes would help to improve the efficiency and reliability of the courts of Dubai and DIFC with regard to the enforceability of an award given via online arbitration. This is a particularly important issue in light of the current and anticipated growth in the prominence of the identified jurisdictions as financial and business centres, the centrality of international arbitration to international business and the fundamental need for confidence in the enforceability of the courts and arbitration awards.

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Grikienytė, Akvilė. "Užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20080125_103221-59597.

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Magistro baigiamajame darbe yra pateikiama užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimo pagrindų ir tvarkos, taip pat užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimo problematikos analizė teoriniu ir praktiniu aspektu remiantis tarptautiniais ir nacionaliniais teisės aktais bei teismų praktika. Atliktos analizės pagrindu magistro baigiamojo darbo autorius atskleidžia užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimo teisinio reglamentavimo bei teismų praktikos panašumus bei skirtumus. Visa tai leidžia daryti išvadą, jog atskirų valstybių nacionalinių įstatymų įvairovė, skirtinga užsienio teismų praktika lemia tai, kad dažnai praktikoje kyla problemų, susijusių su ne visada vienodu ir nuosekliu užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimą reguliuojančių teisės normų taikymu. Lietuvoje Niujorko konvencija buvo ratifikuota tik 1995 m. sausio 17 d. Nacionalinės teisės užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimas sureguliuotas tik 1996 m. balandžio 2 d. LR Komercinio arbitražo įstatyme. Vėliau buvo atlikti 1964 m. LR CPK pakeitimai, įtvirtinant detalesnę užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimo tvarką bei nutarčių apskundimą, o naujasis LR CPK - 2003 m. sausio 1 d. Priešingai, užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimo teisinis reglamentavimas tarptautiniu mastu buvo pradėtas 1927 m. priėmus Ženevos konvenciją. Šių teisės šaltinių naujumas atskleidžia, jog užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimas Lietuvoje yra naujas teisinis institutas, kurio analizė teisinėje literatūroje nėra gausi. Visa tai lemia... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The article compares and analyses the positions of foreign and Lithuanian legal acts on the recognition of foreign arbitration awards, the practice of Lithuanian and foreign courts in this area and the topic of recognition of foreign arbitral awards in theoretical and practical aspects. Guided by such investigation the author of the article raise the similarities and differences in the regulation of foreign arbitration awards throughout different countries. That leads to the conclusion that some positions or terms are interpreted in the courts or regulated in the legal acts of different countries not unilaterally or even differently in the area. Lithuania, being a very dynamic region, develops intensively its laws on arbitration. Nevertheless, in Lithuania the recognition of international arbitral awards has been started to develop only on 17th of January in 1995 by the ratification of the New York convention, which has been recognized and enforced according to the provisions of the Law on Commercial Arbitration adopted on the 2nd of April in 1996. Afterwards, there was made some changes of Civil Procedure code, and finally the new Civil Procedure code was adopted on the 1st of January in 2003. On the contrary, the process of legitimation of recognition of foreign arbitral awards internationally has been started in 1927 by adoption of Geneva protocol on arbitration. That is the main motive why the author of the article decided to investigate the practice and national laws of... [to full text]

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25

Eklund, Marcus. "Verkställighet avsäkerhetsåtgärder i skiljeförfaranden : Reflektioner kring Sverige som attraktivt skiljeförfarandeland i en internationell kontext." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-159989.

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During an arbitration, a party may need to request the arbitral tribunal to order interim measuresto secure a meaningful award. However, the parties may face issues relating to enforceabilityand hence the effectiveness of the arbitral tribunal’s interim decision. If the arbitral tribunal isseated in Sweden, under the current Swedish Arbitration Act (SAA), a decision on interimmeasures is not enforceable in the form of an order. This raises the issue whether such a decisioncould be made enforceable if issued in the form of an arbitral award. The SAA is currently undergoing a revision with the aim to increase the attractiveness ofSwedish arbitration, for both Swedish and foreign parties. The Government Commission(Commission) proposed in its report in 2015 that an express legislative provision be introducedspecifically empowering an arbitral tribunal to order an interim measure in the form of an orderor an award. This would be consistent with relevant Arbitral Rules. A decision in form of anaward would potentially be enforceable. The Government decided not to follow theCommission’s proposal in the proposed legislation referred to the Law Council on Legislation.The Commission implied that interim measures may be enforceable in Sweden, if made in theform of an award. Through the use of a legal dogmatic and legal analytical method this thesis concludes that thereis an uncertainty as to whether interim measures, in the form of an award, can be enforced inSweden. Parties can probably give the arbitral tribunal such authority to grant interim measuresthat are final and binding in character, if this is provided for in their arbitration agreement. Forexample, parties could vest the arbitral tribunal with such power by referring to arbitration rulesthat provide for such interim relief, as is provided in SCC and ICC Arbitral Rules. It is alsoconcluded that the enforceability depends on whether the award was rendered by a tribunalsitting in/outside of Sweden. The Swedish Supreme Court has stated that “award” within themeaning of the New York Convention (NYC) should, as a rule, be construed according to thelaw of the seat of the arbitration. This may allow for enforcement of interim measures in theform of an award. However, due to the general, but not conclusive, view that the NYC does notapply to interim measures, no certain conclusions can be made. Furthermore, it is argued, because of this ambiguity, that Sweden fails to offer parties andarbitrators a modern and effective arbitral regime, which may hamper Sweden’s ambitions inattracting foreign parties to arbitrate in Sweden. Therefore, Sweden should introduce apossibility for the arbitral tribunal to grant enforceable interim measures.

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Al-Jerafi, Wasim Yahya. "Yemen's ratification of the New York Convention : an analysis of compatibility and the uniform interpretation of Articles V(1)(a) and V(2)(b)." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28010.

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Анотація:

The United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, also known as the New York Convention, is the backbone of the universal mechanism for the enforcement system of foreign arbitral awards. Despite its universal success, Yemen has yet to ratify the Convention. Although Yemen is introducing new legislation on international arbitration, this legislation fails to provide clear guidance on the grounds for refusal of enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, unlike those listed in Article V of the New York Convention, which constitutes the core of the Convention. This thesis aims to examine the grounds of invalidity of arbitration agreements, and the public policy violation embodied in Articles V(1)(a) and V(2)(b) of the Convention. It adopts doctrinal and functional comparative approaches that comprise theoretical discussion and interpretation, as well as application by the courts of contracting States- paying particular attention to English legal practice. This thesis then also critically analyses the corresponding provisions under the new Yemeni legislation. Through a careful comparative analysis, the thesis also seeks to evaluate the degree of compatibility between the grounds’ applications and the relevant principles in operation in Yemen, which are derivative from Islamic Shari 'ah law. The thesis finds that the new Yemen’s legislation on international arbitration has several shortcomings regarding the specific areas of the study, and it makes a set of recommendations for legislative improvement. Moreover, the thesis demonstrates how the Convention is compatible with Shari’ah principles, thereby showing that there are no considerable barriers to its ratification by Yemen. Ultimately, in order to rectify the shortcomings in Yemen’s impending legislation on international arbitration, it is recommended that the Yemeni government considers ratifying the New York Convention. This progressive step will help Yemen adopt a pro-enforcement policy towards foreign arbitral awards and establish Yemen as an arbitration-friendly jurisdiction.

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Liu, Ouqian. "L’exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères - étude comparative entre la France et la Chine." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020067/document.

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Анотація:

Le droit français a développé une politique législative et jurisprudentielle largement favorable à l’arbitrage dans tous ses aspects, notamment relativement à l’exécution d’une sentence arbitrale. La dernière réforme majeure du droit français de l’arbitrage a été adoptée en 2011. Dans le contexte de l’harmonisation mondiale du droit et de la pratique de l’arbitrage, la Convention de New York, destinée à faciliter la reconnaissance et l’exécution des sentences étrangères, a simplifié considérablement l’exécution de celles-ci. Néanmoins, l’exécution des sentences internationales est soumise à un contrôle judiciaire du tribunal étatique qui doit être en conformité avec son propre droit. Ainsi, dans la pratique, l’application du régime juridique peut largement varier d’un pays à l’autre. Une étude sur la Chine est un bon exemple dans ce contexte, puisque ses règlements d’arbitrage ont fait l’objet de réformes annuelles successives. À l’inverse des critiques concernant l’exécution des sentences étrangères sur le territoire chinois de la part des investisseurs et des auteurs étrangers, la doctrine et les rapports des chercheurs chinois se montrent plus positifs. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’offrir aux praticiens une vision claire et une image objective de la question d’exécution des sentences arbitrales en Chine. Elle est basée sur des analyses théoriques du régime juridique, des statistiques et de la pratique des tribunaux et présente l’état actuel du droit de l’arbitrage en Chine à travers une étude comparative (incluant Hong Kong et Taïwan). Dans ce vaste contexte social chinois, nous essayons de comprendre l’histoire, la pratique actuelle, les obstacles juridiques, les positions judiciaires et les perspectives de l’exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères en Chine. Nous espérons que la prochaine réforme du droit de l’arbitrage en Chine trouvera inspiration dans la récente réforme du droit Français
France revealed its long-awaited new arbitration law in January 2011. France had forged a legal and judicial framework that is significantly favorable to arbitration in every respect, particularly in the field of enforcement arbitral award. In the context of harmonisation of arbitration law and practice worldwide, the central purpose of the New York Convention was to facilitate the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. It considerably simplifies the enforcement of foreign awards. Nonetheless, the enforcement of an international arbitral award always takes place through a national court operating under its own legislations. In practice, the application of this legal regime can vary significantly from one country to another. China provides a good case study on this background, its arbitration rules has gone through continuous process of reform every year. While the foreign investors and researchers have often claimed that enforcement in China is problematic, the Chinese authors and researchers present a more positive view. The aim of this research endeavours to present a unique insight and an objective picture of the enforcement of arbitral awards in China, based on a combination of theoretical analysis of legal regime, statistical information and practical insights. It explains the current arbitration law in China with a comparative approach (including Hong Kong and Taiwan). Setting Chinese arbitration in its wider social context, we try to understand the history, the contemporary practice, the legal obstacles, the judicial attitudes and the possible future trends in the field of enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. We hope that the recent French Arbitration Law would be an inspiration for the next reform of the PRC Arbitration Law

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Braghetta, Adriana. "Laudo arbitral na sede da arbitragem e conseqüências internacionais: visão a partir do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-13042010-082514/.

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Анотація:

A tese analisa o papel da sede da arbitragem no controle do laudo arbitral e como o país receptor de um laudo anulado deve reagir a um pedido de reconhecimento desse laudo anulado. O estudo passa pela: (i) discussão da necessidade de existência de algum controle, (ii) pela análise dos principais tratados internacionais e seus trabalhos preparatórios - Convenção genebrina de 1927, Convenção de Nova Iorque de 1958 e Convenção Européia de 1961 - , (iii) pelas sugestões de melhoria do sistema de controle global, (iv) pelos principais julgados envolvendo a questão e (v) pela doutrina que se biparte entre autonomista, favorável à teoria da deslocalização, i.e, que o controle não deveria ser feito na sede e somente no local da execução, a teoria territorialista defendendo o controle na sede. Posteriormente, analisa-se a questão sob a ótica brasileira, tanto se a sede for no País ou se o laudo for proferido no exterior, apresentando um quadro claro de vários tratados ratificados pelo Brasil nos âmbitos mundial, interamericano e do Mercosul. O trabalho conclui que: (i) há uma tendência de diminuição do papel da sede da arbitragem, (ii) contudo, não existe, atualmente, nenhuma forma mais harmônica e eficaz de controle que aquela exercida pela sede e (iii) que a teoria territorialista é majoritariamente aceita. Sob a ótica brasileira, se a lei de arbitragem vier a ser reformada, defende-se sua alteração à semelhança da Convenção Européia de 1961, restringindo ainda mais o papel da sede. Mas até lá, se anulado o laudo na sede, o Brasil não deve, em princípio, reconhecê-lo, por força tanto da Convenção de Nova Iorque, quanto da do Panamá ou de sua legislação interna, salvo se a sentença anulatória violar a ordem pública brasileira.
The thesis analyzes the role that the place of the arbitration plays in the control of the arbitration award. The analysis addresses: (i) discussion of the need for some type of control, (ii) analysis of the main international treaties and their preparatory work - Geneva Convention of the 1927, New York Convention of 1958 and European Convention of 1961, (iii) suggestions to improve the global control system, (iv) the main judicial awards involving the matter and (v) doctrine, split into the autonomist, which favors the principle of delocatization, i.e that the control should not be centralized on the place of arbitration and only on the place where the arbitral award will be enforced, and the doctrine based on the territorial principle, which sustains the control at the place of arbitration. The thesis then passes on to the analysis under the Brazilian approach, both if the place of arbitration is in Brazil or when the arbitration is awarded abroad, presenting a clear chart of several treaties ratified by Brazil on the global, interamerican and Mercosul levels. The work conc1udes that: (i) there is a tendency of mitigation of the role of the place of arbitration, (ii) not existing, however, currently, no form that is more harmonious and efficient than that which is played by the place of arbitration and (iii) that the territorial principle is more broadly accepted. Under the Brazilian viewpoint, if the arbitration law should be changed, its review similar to the European Convention of 1961 is supported, to further restrict the role of the venue. But until then, if the award granted at the venue is cancelled, Brazil should not, in principle, recognize it pursuant to the New York Convention, the Panama Convention or its internal law, except if the cancellation ruling violates the Brazilian legal system.

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Vilimaitė, Eglė. "Užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimas Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110124_125459-25127.

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Анотація:

Užsienyje priimtam arbitražo sprendimui pripažinimas Lietuvos Respublikoje yra būtina sąlyga tam, kad būtų galima priversti pralaimėjusiąją šalį jį įvykdyti tuo atveju, jeigu kitoje valstybėje priimtas sprendimas yra nevykdomas, o turtas, iš kurio gali būti išieškoma, yra Lietuvos Respublikoje. Pirmoje magistro baigiamojo darbo dalyje siekiama atskleisti arbitražo sprendimo ir užsienio arbitražo sprendimo sąvokas. Nustačius šias sąvokas, toliau analizuojama užsienio arbitražo sprendimo pripažinimo samprata, trumpai aptariamas jos atskyrimas nuo užsienio arbitražo sprendimo vykdymo sąvokos. Galiausiai aptariama specifinė teisės doktrinos diskusija, ar Niujorko konvencija gali būti taikoma tik galutiniams užsienio arbitražo sprendimams, ar ir negalutinių sprendimų rūšims, visų pirma, tarpiniams (procesiniams) sprendimams dėl laikinųjų apsaugos priemonių taikymo. Antroje darbo dalyje pirmiausia aptariami užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimą reglamentuojantys teisės šaltiniai ir jų teisinė galia Lietuvos Respublikoje, be abejonės, ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas 1958 metų Niujorko konvencijai dėl užsienio arbitražų sprendimų pripažinimo ir vykdymo. Vėliau analizuojama šiuo metu esanti užsienio arbitražų sprendimų pripažinimo procedūra Lietuvos Respublikos teismuose bei galimi tvarkos pasikeitimai, jeigu Lietuvos Respublikos Seime būtų priimtas Civilinio proceso kodekso pakeitimo ir papildymo įstatymo projektas. Paskutinėje dalyje aptariamos 2007 – 2010 metų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The recognition of the foreign arbitral awards in the Republic of Lithuania is the main requirement for the enforcement of the foreign arbitral award in case the respondent fails to execute the award of the arbitral tribunal in goodwill. Firstly, the author seeks to disclose the concepts of the arbitral award and foreign arbitral award. In accordance with the before mentioned terms, the notion of the recognition foreign arbitration award is analized and distinguished from the concept of the enforcement of the foreign arbitral awards. Finally, the discussion of whether the New York Convention may be applied only to the final foreign arbitral awards is revealed. In the second part of the mater thesis the law governing the recognition of foreign arbitral awards is analized. Special attention is given to the 1958 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. Later analysis reflects the proceedings of the recognition of foreign arbitral awards before the courts of the Republic of Lithuania as well as possible changes, if the Lithuanian Parliament adoptes the amendments of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Republic of Lithuania. The final section deals with the recent case law of the Court of Appeal of Lithuania and the Supreme Court of Lithuania on matters of recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. At the end of the theses the final conclusions indicate significant problems of the recognition of the... [to full text]

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Woodward, Keith Adam. "Affect, Politics, Ontology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195189.

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The relationship between politics and ontology has long been a troubled one for geography. More recently, the emergence of affect theory has complicated things even further by introducing a new set of frequently vague concepts into the already cluttered theoretical field of critical geography. This dissertation collects six articles that endeavor to develop the groundwork for establishing a continuum between affect, politics, and ontology. Specifically, it argues that not only is affect a politically rich area for approaching ontology, but, further, it is particularly well suited for addressing difference and radical politics. It proceeds by developing a series of concepts that animate a politically driven ontology of difference, namely: A) becoming and bordering in the context of border studies; B) a flat ontology as a fix for the debilitating transcendence of scale theory; C) an animation of a Nollywood as a 'site' based upon the flat ontological critique of scale; D) a politics of confusion that isolates the workings of affect in relation to the State and in direct action; E) a psycho-pragmatism that checks studies of affect and nonrepresentational theory against the analytic determinism that attends their developing methodologies; and F) the notions of fidelity and affinity as they get articulated through to the State and political subjectivity.

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Bromander, Sebastian. "Verkställighet av ogiltigförklarade skiljedomar i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-299439.

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Franc-Menget, Laurence. "Le contrôle judiciaire des sentences arbitrales internationales en droit américain et français." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020001.

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Bebohi, Ebongo Sylvie Ivonne. "L'exécution des sentences arbitrales : étude comparée des dispositifs d'exécution forcée du CIRDI et de la CCJA." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0052.

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Анотація:

Le Centre International pour le Règlement des Différends relatifs aux Investissements (CIRDI) de la Banque Mondiale et le Centre d'arbitrage de la Cour Commune de Justice et d'Arbitrage de l'OHADA sont des institutions créées par des Etats souverains pour protéger et promouvoir l'investissement privé international. En vue d'atteindre ces objectifs, les Etats fondateurs de ces centres d'arbitrage ont développé des solutions particulières en matière d'exécution des sentences arbitrales. Celles-ci avaient été présentées comme des précédents pouvant servir à la mise au point d'un système international de contrôle et d'exécution des sentences arbitrales. La comparaison des dispositifs d'exécution forcée du CIRDI et de la CCJA met l'accent sur leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients, tout en appréciant la pertinence des solutions qu'ils renferment. De la volonté de restreindre l'intervention des juridictions étatiques caractérisée dans le CIRDI par ce que la doctrine qualifie d'« exequatur simplifié » et pour la CCJA d'« exequatur unique », les présentes conclusions ont pu être tirées: ces procédures d'exequatur rendent désormais autonomes les dispositifs d'exécution du CIRDI et de la CCJA avec cependant une efficacité opérationnelle différente et limitée. Au CIRDI, la procédure d'« exequatur simplifié », mise en oeuvre par chaque Etat contractant, peut entraîner un accueil différent d'une même sentence dans les pays où elle est susceptible d'être exécutée. Or, à la CCJA, la procédure d'« exequatur unique » est organisée par une Cour suprême et indépendante à laquelle les Etats ont donné la compétence exclusive pour accorder l'exequatur. Des limitations apparaissent sur le plan territorial et par rapport au principe de souveraineté. D'un côté, la limitation géographique cantonne l'efficacité de la procédure d'« exequatur unique » au seul espace OHADA ; de l'autre, la souveraineté de l'Etat sur son territoire l'autorise à effectuer un minimum de contrôle sur la sentence arbitrale en référence avec son ordre public. En outre, l'efficacité relevée en amont dans les règles de reconnaissance et d'exécution est diminuée par une conception stricte, voire en recul de l'immunité d'exécution des Etats. Au-delà de ces insuffisances, l'harmonisation des conditions de reconnaissance et d'exécution des sentences arbitrales réalisée par ces deux institutions peut être exploitée utilement. Une procédure uniforme de contrôle, de reconnaissance et d'exécution des sentences arbitrales internationales, dont la supervision serait assurée par une Cour internationale, à laquelle les Etats auront consenti de tels pouvoirs, pourrait être envisagée, pour compléter la Convention de New York sur la reconnaissance et l'exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères
The International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) of the World Bank and the Arbitration Centre of the Common Court of Justice and Arbitration of OHADA are institutions created by sovereign states to protect and promote international private investment. In order to achieve these objectives, the founding members have developed special solutions for the enforcement of arbitral awards. These solutions were presented as precedents that can be used for the development of an international System of control and enforcement of awards. The Comparison of ICSID and CCJA forced execution mechanisms emphasizes on their advantages and disadvantages, while appreciating the relevance of the solutions they contain. From the desire to limit the intervention of courts characterized under ICSID by what the doctrine qualifies "simplified exequatur" and under the CCJA's enforcement System "unique exequatur", the following conclusions can be drawn: These enforcement procedures make at this stage, ICSID and CCJA forced execution mechanisms autonomous but with a different and limited operational efficiency. As regards ICSID, the procedure of "simplified exequatur" implemented by each contracting state may lead to a different reception of the same award in the various countries where execution is sought. As regard CCJA, the procedure of "unique exequatur" is organized by a supreme and independent court to which States have given exclusive jurisdiction to grant exequatur. Some limitations exist as regards territoriality and sovereignty. On the one hand the geographical limitation confines the efficiency of the procedure of "unique exequatur" only within OHADA's States; on the other hand the sovereignty of the State in his territory authorizes to perform a minimum control on the arbitral award with reference to public order. The effectiveness observed upstream on the recognition and execution rules of both institutions is reduced by a strict conception, even declining of immunity from execution. Despite these shortcomings the harmonization of the conditions for recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards achieved by these two institutions can be usefully exploited. A uniform procedure of control recognition and enforcement of international arbitral award, under the supervision of an international court, to which States have given such powers could be consider in order to complete the New York Convention for the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards

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Narancio, Victoria, and del Prado Fabio Núñez. "International Arbitration under debate." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122726.

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Анотація:

Is the choice of the arbitral seat still an important decision in international arbitration? Should arbitral awards be subject to greater judicial scrutiny? Should the appeal be in international arbitration? Is it possible that an annulled arbitral award is recognized under the New York Convention? Should the New York Convention be amended to achieve CNY 2.0? Is investment arbitration a system that works? Are the criticisms of investment arbitration valid? In this interview, Gary Born responds to each of these questions by addressing many controversial current issues in international arbitration.
¿Es la elección de la sede del arbitraje todavía una decisión importante en el arbitraje internacional? ¿Deberían los laudos estar sometidos a un mayor escrutinio judicial? ¿Debería existir la apelación en el arbitraje internacional? ¿Es posible que en virtud de la Convención de Nueva York se reconozca un laudo anulado? ¿Debería enmendarse la Convención de Nueva York para lograr una CNY 2.0? ¿Es el arbitraje de inversiones un sistema que funciona? ¿Son las críticas al arbitraje de inversiones válidas? En la presente entrevista, Gary Born responde cada una de estas interrogantes tratando muchos temas polémicos de actualidad en el arbitraje internacional.

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35

Marčiulaitytė, Aida. "Užsienio arbitražų sprendimų pripažinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080125_095832-95983.

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Tarptautinio arbitražo atveju susiduriama su arbitražo sprendimo pripažinimo procedūra ne jo priėmimo valstybėje. Svarbiausias tarptautinis instrumentas, reglamentuojantis užsienio arbitražų sprendimų pripažinimo tvarką, yra 1958 m. Niujorko konvencija dėl užsienio arbitražų sprendimų pripažinimo ir vykdymo. Pagal 1958 m. Niujorko konvenciją funkcija pripažinti užsienio arbitražų sprendimus valstybėse paprastai priskiriama konkrečiam nacionaliniam teismui arba teismams. Pripažinimo klausimas sprendžiamas vadovaujantis Niujorko konvencijos V straipsnyje įtvirtintais atsisakymo pripažinti užsienio arbitražo sprendimą pagrindais. Siekiant efektyvaus ir vieningo pripažinimo mechanizmo veikimo, stengiamasi vienodinti nacionalines teisės normas Susitariančiose šalyse. Prie šio siekio svarbia dalimi prisidėjo 1985 metais Jungtinių Tautų Tarptautinės prekybos teisės komisijos (UNCITRAL) priimtas Tarptautinio komercinio arbitražo pavyzdinis įstatymas, kurio paskirtis – būti orientyru valstybėms priimant nacionalinius aktus šiuo klausimu. Jame, be kita ko, integruotos ir nuostatos dėl užsienio arbitražo sprendimų pripažinimo, parengtos vadovaujantis Niujorko konvencija. Ne mažiau svarbus ir vieningos teismų praktikos pripažįstant užsienio arbitražų sprendimus veiksnys. Tai kaip teismai taiko ir aiškina Niujorko konvenciją padeda įvertinti jos nuostatų efektyvumą, nustatyti ar tinkamai parengta nacionalinė teisinė bazė, reglamentuojanti užsienio arbitražų sprendimų pripažinimą. Šiuo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
In a case of foreign arbitration it is inevitable to face the procedure of recognition of foreign arbitral award in a country where it was not enacted. 1958 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards is the fundamental international instrument, which establishes the order of recognition of foreign arbitral awards. Pursuant to the 1958 New York Convention, the function to recognise foreign arbitral awards is attached to certain national court or courts. The question of recognition is solved following grounds on refusal to recognise foreign arbitral awards, which are set in the Article V of New York Convention. Due to the effective and united function of the recognition mechanism, it is endeavoured to uniform national law rules in the Contracting States. Contribution to this objective was added by 1985 UNCITRAL Model Law on Commercial Arbitration, adopted by United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. The mission of this Law is to be a guide for the states in establishing their national laws on the subject. The Model law, among other regulations, integrates the provisions on recognition of foreign arbitral awards, which are laid in accordance with New York Convention. Unanimous practice of courts also is a factor of significant importance. The way national courts apply and interpret New York Convention helps to evaluate the efficiency of its provisions, identify whether the national legal base regulating recognition of foreign... [to full text]

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Henry, Lucas Aaron. "Freedom Now!: Four Hard Bop and Avant-Garde Jazz Musicians' Musical Commentary on the Civil Rights Movement, 1958-1964." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1110104-224112/unrestricted/HenryL121004f.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-1110104-224112 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.

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Mouallem, Ziad. "Le principe du contradictoire, cause de contrôle étatique des sentences arbitrales internationales." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020030.

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Le principe du contradictoire post-arbitral en matière d’arbitrage international est établi dans la majorité des systèmes juridiques. Toutefois, les décisions des juges étatiques montrent que l’adhésion générale à ce concept masque d’importantes différences concernant sa portée et son application. Cette thèse ne vise point à établir une description théorique du contenu du principe, elle propose une analyse qualitative, dont l’objectif essentiel est la vérification de son individualité, et non le fait qu’il est une simple application du principe civiliste classique. Loin de constater l’adoption définitive d’un concept arbitral autonome, la solution retenue démontre l’opportunité et, donc, le besoin de sa légitimation, ayant un impact direct sur la circulation des sentences arbitrales internationales. En fin de compte, hors de tout encadrement statique, il y a lieu de détecter, à travers la progression de l’étude, une évolution logique et une activité d’apurement au niveau du droit comparé. Cette évolution, d’un principe classique vers un concept arbitral international, à lecture contractuelle et non-statutaire, contenant une règle d’égalité, puis vers un outil technique en état de disparition, ne peut que dévoiler la période d’agonie dans laquelle se place le concept en cause. Cet aboutissement ne contribue pas seulement à souligner les errements conceptuels préjudiciables en jurisprudence comparée, il concourt également à marquer l’un des traits les plus émancipatoires du processus arbitral international. Dans cette optique, une telle conjoncture participerait à l’accélération de la privatisation de la justice arbitrale internationale
The post-arbitral adversarial principle in international arbitration is established in most legal systems. However, decisions of state judges show that general support for this concept masks significant differences in terms of its scope and application. This thesis does not aim to outline a theoretical description of the principle’s content ; it provides a qualitative analysis, the main objective of which is to ascertain its individuality, and not the fact that it is a mere application of the classic civil principle. Far from establishing the definitive adoption of an autonomous arbitral concept, the solution demonstrates the appropriateness and, therefore, the need for its legitimation, and has a direct impact on the movement of international arbitral awards. Ultimately, beyond any static framework, through the progress of the study, a logical development and regularisation activity with respect to comparative law should be detected. This development, from a classical principle to an international arbitration concept, to a contractual and non-statutory reading, containing a rule of equality, and thereafter to a technical tool which is disappearing, can only reveal the death throes in which the concept in question finds itself in. This outcome not only serves to highlight the detrimental conceptual errors in comparative case law, it also helps to mark one of the most emancipatory features of the international arbitration process. In this respect, such a situation would contribute to the accelerated privatisation of international arbitration proceedings

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Mange, Flavia Fóz. "Processo arbitral transnacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-16052013-134325/.

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Esta tese analisa as normas processuais aplicáveis à arbitragem. O reconhecimento da prevalência da autonomia da vontade das partes e, subsidiariamente, dos árbitros para estabelecer regras para condução do procedimento arbitral, afastou a aplicação das regras processuais do local da realização da arbitragem. A ausência de uma lei processual de regência ou da aplicação mandatória das regras processuais da lex fori possibilitou, por um lado, a harmonização da prática processual arbitral e, por outro lado, embates recorrentes sobre a forma adequada para a condução do procedimento. A ausência de uma lei de regência não significa que o processo arbitral possa ser discricionário. Existe uma pluralidade de fontes normativas que influenciam a tomada de decisão processual nas arbitragens. Propõe-se a análise destas fontes normativas à luz do direito transnacional. O método transnacional adotado inclui normas nacionais e internacionais, bem como outras fontes normativas que não se enquadram tipicamente em uma categoria tradicional, admitindo que o quadro regulatório do processo arbitral seja formado por uma confluência de fontes que operam em ordens jurídicas e planos normativos diversos. Diante dessa pluralidade de fontes normativas, defende-se a necessidade de maior normatização in concreto, incentivando que as partes e os árbitros realizem uma conferência preliminar para definir a melhor forma de conduzir o procedimento em cada arbitragem.
This thesis analyzes the procedural rules that apply to arbitration. The recognition that the parties and, subsidiarily, the arbitrators are free to establish the rules for conducting the arbitral proceedings has prevented the procedural rules of the place where the arbitration is held from being applied. The absence of a governing procedural law or the mandatory application of the procedural rules of the lex fori has, on the one hand, made the harmonization of arbitration procedure possible and, on the other, led to recurrent conflicts regarding the appropriate way to conduct an arbitration. The absence of a governing law does not mean that the arbitration procedure could be discretionary. The existence of a plurality of normative sources that influence procedural decision-making in arbitration is verified. The analysis of these normative sources in light of transnational law is proposed. The transnational method adopted includes domestic and international rules, as well as other normative sources that do not typically fit in a traditional category, allowing the regulatory framework of an arbitration proceeding to be formed by a confluence of sources that operate in different legal systems and on various normative planes. In light of this plurality of normative sources, the need for more active case management and rule-making is defended, encouraging the parties and the arbitrators to hold a preliminary conference to determine the best method for conducting the arbitration in each arbitration proceeding.

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Khater, Talaat. "Les obstacles juridiques à l'exécution de la sentence arbitrale : étude comparée franco-égyptienne." Dijon, 2005. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f33b1855-5b04-48c6-a847-c78b6e6c717d.

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Tam, Pérez José, and Zúñiga Claudia Martinez. "Notes on arbitration in China and recognition of aw." IUS ET VERITAS, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123026.

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This paper is about the arbitration in China ant he recognition of the foreign arbitral awards in China and Peru. The author indicates how the arbitration and the dispute settlement were in China, also he says that the Chinese commercial opening produced that China adopted inside its legal system the commercial arbitration. Above this line, he says that the main instrument regarding the recognition and enforcement of the foreign arbitral awards in China and Peru is the New York Convention. About the proceeding of this recognition and enforcement of the foreign arbitral awards it is said how it is performed in the Chinese and Peruvian Law. The author ads that China and Peru should have a mutual awareness proceeding of the dispute settlement to ensure the mutual investments.
El presente trabajo versa sobre el arbitraje en China y el reconocimiento de los laudos arbitrales extranjeros en China y Perú. El autor indica cómo era el arbitraje y la solución de controversias en China, también señala que la apertura comercial china generó que acoja dentro de su ordenamiento jurídico al arbitraje comercial. Sobre esa línea, señala que el principal instrumento sobre el reconocimiento y ejecución de los laudos extranjeros en China y Perú es la Convención de Nueva York. Sobre el procedimiento del reconocimiento y ejecución de los laudos extranjeros se dice cómo se realiza en el derecho chino y en el peruano. El autor añade que China y Perú deberían tener un proceso de conocimiento mutuo de solución de controversias para asegurar las inversiones mutuas.

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Kost, de Sèvres Nicolette. "Le consentement à la convention d'arbitrage commercial international : évolution et développement récents en droit québécois et en droit international." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2452.

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L'arbitrage évolue parallèlement et en accord au développement du commerce et des relations internationales s'accompagnant d'un accroissement des différends commerciaux de plus en plus complexes et spécialisés. En choisissant l'arbitrage, les parties excluent, de manière consensuelle, la compétence juridictionnelle des tribunaux étatiques. Ce droit à l'accès aux tribunaux étatiques se retrouve notamment à la Charte québécoise des droits et libertés de la personne. La validité d'une convention d'arbitrage dépend donc avant tout de la preuve de son existence et la preuve du consentement des parties s'y rattachant. La nécessité de l'écrit est donc un moyen de s'assurer du consentement des parties. La Convention de New York de 1958 énumère plusieurs de ces principes de forme. Son article 11(2), qui prévoit que la convention d'arbitrage doit être par écrit, n'est plus adapté aux réalités juridiques et commerciales d'aujourd'hui ni au développement du commerce électronique. Que peut être considéré comme un écrit afin de répondre aux exigences de l'article 1I(2)? Abordée par la CNUDCI, cette problématique quant au formalisme requis dans l'expression de la volonté des parties à se soumettre à l'arbitrage est d'une importance capitale dans la mesure des différentes interprétations qui existent à ce sujet tant au niveau du droit québécois et canadien qu'au niveau du droit international. Une réforme des dispositions législatives quant au formalisme écrit du consentement à l'arbitrage doit être mise en place et ce, soit par une réforme des dispositions législatives existantes ou par une mise à jour officielle de l'interprétation donnée aux dispositions actuelles en vigueur.
Arbitration has evolved in parallel and in accordance with the development of commerce and of international relations coming along with the rise of commercial disputes which are becoming increasingly complex and specialised. By choosing arbitration, the parties consensually exclude the jurisdiction ofState courts. This right to access State courts is protected namely in the Charter ofHuman Rights and Freedoms. The validity of an arbitration clause therefore depends above all on the proof of its existence and of the consent of the parties to that effect. The necessity of the written form becomes a mean that insures of the consent of the parties. The 1958 New York Convention enumerates several of those formal requirements. !ts section 11(2), which states that the arbitration clause has to be in written form, is not adapted to today's legal and commercial reality nor to the development of electronic commerce. What exactly is considered as ''written'' in order to respect the requirements of section 1I(2)? As addressed by UNCITRAL, the issue concerning the formalism required for the expression of the parties' intent to be subjected to arbitration is of a vital importance. Numerous interpretations exist in Canadian law as well as in International law. A reform of the existing legal provisions relating to the consent of arbitration needs to be implemented, either through a reform of the existing provisions or through an official process to update the interpretation given to the requirements that are a1ready in place.
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de LL.M. en droit option droit des affaires"

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Sojka, Štěpán. "Odepření uznání a výkonu rozhodčího nálezu dle článku V odstavce 2 písm. b) Úmluvy o uznání a výkonu cizích rozhodčích nálezů z roku 1958." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-356109.

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(ENG) Refusal to recognize and enforce arbitral award under Article V, paragraph 2 (b) of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958 Public policy exception is a deeply rooted instrument used in international documents governing the recognition and enforcement of foreign dispute resolution decisions. It was included in the New York Convention on Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958 since its very first draft, which actually aimed to reform the system of recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards at the time governed by Geneva Protocol and Geneva Convention. Article V section 2 b) of the New York Convention which embodies the public policy exception is quite commonly described as the weakest and the most problematic part of the Convention. In the thesis at hand, the author analyses this provision and conducts a research to find out whether and why the provision is problematic in the practice of the courts. In the first part of the thesis, the author describes the legislative process of the scrutinized provision. In the second part, author describes and analyses interpretation and application difficulties of the scrutinized provision using mainly various court decisions rendered by the relevant states' courts. In the last...

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43

Relyea, Lane. "Model citizens and perfect strangers: American painting and its different modes of address, 1958-1965." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1250.

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44

"International Interpretations and Applications of Public Policy Under the New York Convention." Tulane University, 2013.

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In recent decades, arbitration of international commercial disputes has increased and is likely to continue to grow. Many businesses prefer arbitration to litigation in court because of its relative promptness, privacy and economy. However, in some instances, arbitration requires the support of national courts to be effective when arbitral awards are not satisfied through voluntary compliance of the parties. The most important convention seeking to regulate enforcement of arbitral awards is the New York Convention. The primary goal of the Convention is to make it easier for parties to recognize and enforce arbitral awards around the world. While requiring contracting countries to recognize and enforce arbitral awards, the New York Convention sets forth enumerated grounds upon which a court may refuse to enforce them. It dictates that recognition or enforcement may be refused only for a restricted number of clearly defined defenses, related to procedural fairness and public policy. Among these defenses, the public policy exception is most frequently invoked and has also become one of the most controversial grounds for refusing to enforce arbitral awards. This paper will examine the international conventions that govern international commercial arbitration, and analyze the problems that arise when parties use the court system to enforce arbitration awards. It will look specifically at whether the public policy defense is so vague that it fails to provide the uniform interpretation and application needed to guide national courts in reviewing the enforceability of an international arbitration award, and will propose helpful modifications. The individual chapters will narrow this focus by providing an overview of the public policy exception, followed by an assessment of existing international arbitration law, both substantive and procedural, followed by a partial inventory of the interpretive variations and case law considering the public policy exception, and ultimately a discussion of applicability and enforceability issues.
acase@tulane.edu

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Tarlinton, John. "International commercial arbitration and public policy : with principal reference to the laws of Australia, France, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/624.

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University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Law.
The paper examines the evolution of the recognition and enforcement of "foreign" arbitral awards prior to the introduction of the various international arbitration conventions by referring to court decisions of the relevant countries, primarily the United States and the United Kingdom. The scope and importance of the New York Convention will be canvassed, with specific reference to cases. The Dissertation traces the evolution of judicial and legislative attitudes towards arbitration (in particular, the issue of arbitrability), from the original position of antipathy towards arbitral processes, to the active promotion of arbitration and a "hands-off" approach to its processes by legislators as well as courts. The introduction of the arbitral process to developing countries will be discussed in the context of some recent controversial arbitrations in Indonesia and Pakistan. Public policy as the criterion for the enforcement of awards by national courts will be discussed and relevant authorities referred to. The reasoning adopted by courts in this area will be examined and discussed. The paradigm shift in the enforcement of awards and the leeway granted within the parameters of the arbitral decision making process will be highlighted by two case studies. Both demonstrate clearly the current negation of public policy considerations. The first is a decision of the English Court of Appeal which was mirrored by a subsequent arbitration awardin 'which the discarding of public policy considerations was particularly remarkable as constitutional issues were involved, which normally would have given rise to the expectation of deliberations as to the notions of public policy. NOTE CONCERNING "UNITED KINGDOM" AND "ENGLISH" LAW The title of the Dissertation inter alia refers to the " ... laws of ... the United Kingdom." Within the text, there are references to both the "United Kingdom" and "England." The constitutional and legislative position in the United Kingdom is perhaps more complex than in other jurisdictions and a brief outline is necessary. United Kingdom Parliament Parliament is called the "Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland." (Great Britain is comprised of England, Scotland and Wales). The United Kingdom Parliament comprises the monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Until relatively recently, Parliament was regarded as the supreme law-making body within the United Kingdom; however, European Community law is now paramount within the United Kingdom's constitutional framework. The legislation of the United Kingdom Parliament is presumed to apply to the whole of the United Kingdom, although there can be an express or implied exclusion of a part of the United Kingdom from the operation of a particular Act. Legal systems England and Wales have the one legal system. As from the Sixteenth Century, "English law" has prevailed in Wales. Scotland has a distinct legal system and its own courts, with, in civil matters, rights of appeal to the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords. Northern Island also has its own courts, with rights of appeal to the House of Lords in both civil and criminal matters. Devolution The United Kingdom Parliament has legislated for the devolution of power to regional assemblies - to the Scottish Parliament, the Northern Island Assembly and the National Assembly for Wales. The Scottish Parliament has the power to pass primary legislation, subject to certain subject matters being reserved by the United Kingdom Parliament. The Northern Ireland Assembly also has power to enact primary legislation, but the Northern Ireland Assembly is also presently suspended. The National Assembly for Wales has no power to enact primary legislation - that power remains with the United Kingdom Parliament. Consequently, at present, the Scottish Parliament alone has power to pass legislation which has equal force to that of the United Kingdom Parliament. Dissertation In relation to the expressions used in the Dissertation; generally, references to legislation will be referred to as United Kingdom legislation, as Parliament is the United Kingdom Parliament. It should also be noted that it is the United Kingdom which is the contracting State to the New York Convention. References to decisions of the House of Lords and the Court of Appeal will be described as "United Kingdom" and "English" decisions respectively. As noted above, whilst each of Scotland and Northern Ireland has its own courts, there are rights (in the case of Scotland, in civil matters only). of appeal to the House of Lords. The House of Lords, consequently, hears appeals from the whole of the United Kingdom. The English Court of Appeal is the Court of Appeal for the unitary system of England and Wales. Given that "English law" was historically also the law of Wales, it is more appropriate to refer to decisions handed down by it as "English" decisions. Decisions of other Courts (such as Queen's Bench and Chancery) will also be referred to as "English" decisions.

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Abdoulaev, Alexandre. "Savoy: reassessing the role of the "World's Finest Ballroom" in music and culture, 1926-1958." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/15146.

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From 1926 to 1958, the Savoy Ballroom in New York's Harlem neighborhood played a critical role in the development and showcasing of African-American popular culture. During its lifetime, the Savoy Ballroom significantly affected the concurrent development of jazz music and jazz dance, and laid important groundwork for racial integration. The Savoy Ballroom served as the home base for such jazz greats as William "Chick" Webb, Lucius Venable "Lucky" Millinder, and David "Panama" Francis, and launched the careers of John Birk "Dizzy" Gillespie, Charlie Parker, and Thelonious Monk. Beyond music, the Lindy Hop, a partnered jazz dance that emerged at the Savoy during the late 1920s, was one of the Ballroom's cultural exports; it gained an unprecedented degree of fame and recognition during the late 1930s, and is still practiced today by communities across the United States and the world. The objective of this dissertation is to examine the cultural, social, and musical contribution made by the Savoy Ballroom to the promotion of African-American culture. The first and second chapters of this dissertation address the historical and cultural context of Harlem and the Savoy proper. The third chapter examines some of the emerging traditions behind the Savoy Ballroom's status as the "World's Finest Ballroom." The fourth and fifth chapters address the chronological and technical development of music and jazz dance at the Savoy, with particular attention given to the lasting impact of such advancements as the incorporation of swing feel into jazz. The sixth chapter examines the cultural impact of the Ballroom on contemporary and modern media, particularly print, music, film, and photography. Finally, the seventh chapter examines the Savoy Ballroom's participation in New York's World's Fair exhibition in 1939, and its impact on the worldwide export of Harlem's African-American culture.

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Chen, Helena Hsi-Chia, and 陳希佳. "Predictability of the “Public Policy” Stipulated inArticle V of the New York Convention under the JudicialPractice in Mainland China." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68415191478877560440.

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博士
國立臺灣大學
法律學研究所
102
Although “public policy” is an uncertain legal concept, through researching relevant international conventions, articles of important scholars, relevant cases and reports published by International Law Association and conducting a comparative study on major countries’ legislations, one may still find that the international community has reached certain consensus about the core meaning of “public policy” stipulated in Article V(2)(b) of the New York Convention. Regarding the interpretation and application of “public policy” and “social and public interest” (a term similar to public policy) by the PRC courts, after a careful study of the relevant legislations in the mainland China and relevant PRC court cases available to the author, the author concludes that: 1. In terms of terminology, the traditional term used in PRC arbitration law was “social and public interest.” The term “public policy” came into play after the PRC’s accession to the New York Convention. Moreover, from the judicial interpretations issued by the Supreme People’s Court of the PRC (“SPC”), one may easily observe that SPC is rather vigilant in choosing the terms: it uses the term “public policy” when dealing with cases involving the New York Convention. By contrast, in cases involving enforcement of arbitral awards made in Hong Kong or Macau and in cases involving enforcement of awards made by Taiwanese arbitration institutions, the SPC uses the term “social and public interest.” In addition, the SPC uses the term “social and public interest” in cases involving revocation or non-enforcement of domestic arbitral awards or foreign-related arbitral awards. (For discussions about whether “social and public interest” is one of the grounds to revoke or refuse enforcement of domestic arbitral awards or foreign-related arbitral awards, please see: Chapter 3, Section 2, Para., 2 (2) of this Dissertation.) 2. A simple reading of the texts may suggest that “social and public interest” is broader than “public policy.” However, a careful analysis of relevant PRC courts’ jurisprudence reveals that the interpretation and application of “public policy” and “social and public interest” actually depend on the kind of cases in which the term is being applied to. For example, when interpreting and applying “social and public interest ” in cases involving enforcement of arbitral awards made in Hong Kong, the SPC actually adopts the same standard as when it is interpreting “public policy” under Article V(2)(b) of the New York Convention. As another example, the PRC courts tend to interpret the term “social and public interest” more broadly in cases involving non-enforcement of domestic arbitral awards than in cases involving non-enforcement of foreign-related arbitral awards. 3. “The Supreme People’s Court’s Provisions on the People’s Courts’ Recognition of Civil Judgments of the Relevant Courts of the Taiwan Region” is not a proper legal ground for the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in Taiwan. A specific law to regulate the PRC courts’ recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in Taiwan is needed. 4. Early Chinese judicial practice indicated that the phenomenon of interpreting “social and public interest” so broadly was to protect local interest in the name of social and public interest. Later, the SPC announced provisions to centralize the jurisdiction of the following four types of cases in certain courts: (1) cases regarding the validity of a foreign-related arbitral agreement; (2) cases regarding non-enforcement of a foreign-related arbitral award; (3) cases regarding revocation of a foreign-related arbitral award; and (4) cases regarding recognition and enforcement of a foreign arbitral award. The SPC has also adopted the so-call “Reporting System” and stipulated that if any of the above types of cases is reported to the SPC through the Reporting System, the case shall be reviewed by the Fourth Civil Tribunal of the SPC. The PRC judicial practice has proved that the above mechanism adopted by the SPC has been very helpful to unify the lower courts’ legal opinions and to eradicate local protectionism. 5. The PRC judicial practice has also demonstrated that, basically, the SPC’s interpretation and application of “public policy” under Article V(2)(b) of the New York Convention have been rather consistent with the majority views commonly shared in the international community. 6. A close scrutiny of the Hemofarm case (海慕法姆案) reveals that the SPC is very concerned with “the judicial sovereignty of the PRC and the jurisdiction of the PRC court.” In the Hemofarm case (海慕法姆案), the SPC reviewed the reasoning of the arbitral tribunal in its award and concluded that the arbitral award violated “the judicial sovereignty of the PRC and the jurisdiction of the PRC court.” The SPC’s particular concern about “the judicial sovereignty of the PRC and the jurisdiction of the PRC court” becomes even more evident if we read the SPC’s reply letter in the Hemofarm case (海慕法姆案) together with its reply letters in the Louis Dreyfus case (路易達孚案) and the Guangxia Culture case (廣夏文化案). 7. If we review the PRC courts’ reasoning in the Liupanshui case (六盤水案) and the Leaf Confectionery case (利夫糖果案) with the background knowledge of the distinction between domestic arbitration and foreign-related arbitration under the mainland China law regime, we can appreciate how the PRC court maintains the special legal framework of distinguishing domestic arbitration from foreign-related arbitration by interpreting and applying the concept of “public policy” in cases such as the Liupanshui case (六盤水案) and the Leaf Confectionery case (利夫糖果案). The interpretation and application of “public policy” under Article V(2)(b) of the New York Convention in such kind of cases are therefore flavored with Chinese characteristics.

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48

Barbour, Alan Norman. "Judicial respect for international commercial arbitration agreements in Canadian courts under the New York Convention and UNCITRAL model law." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4270.

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In Europe of the Middle Ages, there existed an autonomous regime of truly private international business law based upon the customs and usages of merchants, the Law Merchant, administered in lay tribunals. The courts and legislators usurped the jurisdiction of the lay tribunals, and subverted the Law Merchant to municipal law. Arbitration was similarly subverted to municipal courts and strict legal controls. The courts continued to guard their jurisdiction jealously into the 20th century, when nations came to realize the inadequacy of national legal systems for international business problems, and the desire of business to escape parochial legal concerns and municipal courts. Canada adopted the New York Convention and UNCITRAL Model Law in 1986, which maximize party and arbitral autonomy and restrict court interference with arbitration. These new laws would permit the resurrection of an autonomous regime of international commercial dispute settlement largely divorced from national law and court controls, if the courts cooperate. This thesis is the first comprehensive, up-to-date study (of which I am aware) of Canadian case law on arbitration in the context of the history of autonomous commercial dispute resolution from the its zenith in the Middle Ages through its nadir, to its present attempted resurrection. This thesis shows that the courts of Canada continue to guard their jurisdiction jealously, finding the means in old notions and precedents to justify their refusal to cede jurisdiction to arbitrators. The courts have ignored the policies underlying the new laws, have failed to apply international precedents and standards, and have continued to apply notions and precedents from an era hostile to arbitration.

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49

Coe, Aaron B. "CHURCH PLANTING IN NEW YORK CITY: A CASE FOR A GLOBAL CITIES CHURCH PLANTING STRATEGY." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10392/4119.

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This thesis looks at the missiological implications of church planting in global cities. Chapter 1 introduces the main argument for this thesis: that all evangelism strategies should hold church planting as the end goal and that the most strategic places to implement these strategies are our global cities as evidenced by what has happened in New York City. The chapter will begin with a look at the significant movement that has happened in Manhattan over a twenty year period (1990- 2010) with the evangelical population of the city growing from less than one percent evangelical to now more than three percent. An introduction to the definition of global cities will segue into a look at the imperative for church planting initiatives in these cities. Chapter 2 will offer a deeper study of the characteristics of a global city and the missiological significance of such cities. It will explore world urbanization in light of the fact that over 50 percent of the world now lives in cities. The strategic nature of the cities will be analyzed given the influence that global cities have on the culture of the rest of the world. Finally, New York City will be shown as a global city and its significance on the missiological landscape will be highlighted. Chapter 3 provides a history of some of the major New York City church planting initiatives. Specifically, it will review the church planting history of Concerts of Prayer and the Church Multiplication Alliance, Timothy Keller and Redeemer Presbyterian Church and Jim Cymbala and The Brooklyn Tabernacle. Lastly this chapter will reveal methodologies used by other prominent ministries to reach the city context. Chapter 4 will look at implications learned from New York City on how a global city church planting strategy could impact the Southern Baptist Convention. A look at the history of SBC church planting in New York City will be looked at with special attention being paid to the effectiveness of these strategies. Chapter 5 will conclude this thesis with a look at the lessons learned during this research process. It will also look at three areas of further study that are needed. This work contends that the priority of all missions strategies should be a focused approach on global city church planting. This will prove to be an effective use of people and financial resources that ultimately has an impact on the whole world.

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50

Zhao, Yue. "Obligation des États de coopérer en droit international des cours d’eau transfrontaliers : état du droit et étude du cas Chinois." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15970.

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Le principe de coopération est considéré depuis longtemps comme l’une des pierres angulaires du droit international, toutefois, l’existence d’une obligation de coopérer en droit international reste encore controversée. Les ressources en eau, à cause de leur fluidité et de leurs multiples usages, démontrent toujours l’interdépendance humaine. En matière de cours d’eau transfrontaliers, la Convention de New York inclut explicitement dans son texte l’obligation générale de coopérer comme l’un de ses trois principes fondamentaux. Il nous incombe alors de voir quelle obligation de coopérer les États souverains s’imposent dans leurs pratiques ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous procédons tout d’abord à une étude positiviste du contenu normatif de l’obligation de coopérer. Nous constatons que l’incorporation de la notion de l’obligation de coopérer dans le principe de la souveraineté est une tendance manifeste du droit international qui a évolué du droit de coexistence composé principalement des règles d’abstention, au droit de coopération qui comporte essentiellement des obligations positives de facere, dont la plus représentative est l’obligation de coopérer. Néanmoins, il n’existe pas de modèle unique d’application pour tous les États, chaque bassin disposant de son propre régime coopératif. Pour mesurer l’ampleur des régimes coopératifs, nous étudions cinq paramètres : le champ d’application, les règles substantielles, les règles procédurales, les arrangements institutionnels et le règlement des différends. Quatres modèles de coopération ressortent : le mécanisme consultatif (l’Indus), le mécanisme communicateur (le Mékong), le mécanisme de coordination (le Rhin) et le mécanisme d’action conjointe (le fleuve Sénégal). Pour ce qui est de la Chine, il s’agit de l’État d’amont en voie de développement le plus important dans le monde qui a longtemps été critiqué pour son approche unilatérale dans le développement des eaux transfrontières. Nous ne pouvons pas cependant passer sous silence les pratiques de coopération qu’elle a développées avec ses voisins. Quelle est son interprétation de cette obligation générale de coopérer ? Notre étude des pratiques de la Chine nous aide, en prenant du recul, à mieux comprendre tous les aspects de cette obligation de coopérer en droit international. Afin d’expliquer les raisons qui se cachent derrière son choix de mode de coopération, nous introduisons une analyse constructiviste qui est plus explicative que descriptive. Nous soutenons que ce sont les identités de la Chine qui ont déterminé son choix de coopération en matière de cours d’eau transfrontaliers. Notre étude en vient à la conclusion que même s’il y a des règles généralement reconnues, l’obligation de coopérer reste une règle émergente en droit international coutumier. Ses modes d’application sont en réalité une construction sociale qui évolue et qui peut varier énormément selon les facteurs culturels, historiques ou économiques des États riverains, en d’autres mots, selon les identités de ces États. La Chine est un État d’amont en voie de développement qui continue à insister sur le principe de la souveraineté. Par conséquent, elle opte pour son propre mécanisme consultatif de coopération pour l’utilisation des ressources en eau transfrontalières. Néanmoins, avec l’évolution de ses identités en tant que superpuissance émergente, nous pouvons probablement espérer qu’au lieu de rechercher un pouvoir hégémonique et d’appliquer une stratégie unilatérale sur l’utilisation des ressources en eau transfrontalières, la Chine adoptera une stratégie plus coopérative et plus participative dans l’avenir.
The principle of international cooperation has been one of the cornerstones of international law. However, the existence of an obligation to cooperate in international law is still controversial. Like air, water is fundamental to life. As a flowing resource, the use of water in any one place is affected by its use in other places. It always marks the interdependence between human beings. The New York Convention includes expressly a general obligation to cooperate which is one of the three fundamental principles. We should then look into the practices of the states in order to find out the answer to one question : what obligation to cooperate needs to be imposed ? To answer this question, we start with a positive study of the normative content of the obligation to cooperate. We notice that the incorporation of the obligation to cooperate in the principle of sovereignty is a clear trend in international law which has already evolved from the law of coexistence to the law of cooperation. If the law of coexistence is composed of the obligations of non facere, then the law of cooperation is mainly about the positive obligations of facere, among which, the obligation to cooperate is probably the most important one. However, there is no panacea for the management of transboundary rivers in the world, every basin having its own cooperative regime. In order to evaluate the depth and breadth of the cooperative regimes, we study five parameters : the scope, the substantive rules, the procedural rules, the institutional arrangements and the dispute settlement mechanisms. Four models of cooperation are thus identified : the consultative mechanism (Indus River Basin), the communicative mechanism (Mekong River Basin), the coordinative mechanism (Rhine River Basin) and the joint action mechanism ( Senegal River Basin). As the most important developing upstream country in the world, China has been criticized for its unilateral approach in the development of transboudary waters. However, we can not neither ignore its recent efforts in establishing the cooperation with its neighbors. An analysis of China’s practice serves not only to reveal its interpretation of the general obligation to cooperate, but also helps us to better understand different aspects of this obligation to cooperate in international law. In order to explain the reasons behind the Chinese choice of mode of cooperation, then we introduce a constructivist analysis which is more explanatory than descriptive. We argue that the identities of China determine its choice of cooperation in the field of transboudary waters. Our study comes to the conclusion that despite the fact that most of the concerned rules are genarally accepted by the international community, the obligation to cooperate is still coming into being in customary international law. The modes of application of the obligation to cooperate are actually the result of the evolving process of social construction which varies according to cultural, historic or economic differences, in other words, according to the identities of states. Mainly due to its different view of sovereignty, China has adopted a consultative mechanisme of cooperation in its own style. However, we have reason to expect that China, with the evolution of his identities as a rising superpower in the world, rather than searching for a hegemonic control and adopting a unilateral strategy in the utilization of transboundary waters, would opt for a more cooperative and participative strategy in the near future.

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