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1
Fung, Po-ling, and 馮寶玲. "Friendship formation of new arrival adolescents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961617.
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2
Williams, Paul. "New metal catalysts for polyurethane formation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392935.
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3
Fung, Po-ling. "Friendship formation of new arrival adolescents." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B22279003.
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4
Prompapakorn, Praparat. "Dialect contact and new dialect formation in a Thai New Town." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411267.
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Backman, Mikaela. "Regions, Human Capital and New Firm Formation." Doctoral thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20492.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis shows the importance of human capital at the individual, firm, and regional level through its effects on returns to education, firm productivity and new firm formation. The thesis further shows the importance of banks as a determinant for new firm formation at the local level. The thesis comprises of five chapters, one introductory chapter followed by four independent chapters, empirical in their nature. The second chapter in the thesis, Regional Variations of Returns to Education, analyses individuals’ return to education in different regional contexts. The results show that returns to education differ according to type of location. Conclusively, the often-assumed hypothesis of equal returns to education for all regions in a country can be rejected. The second chapter, Human Capital and Firm Performance, uses a firm perspective and tests how human capital, within and outside the firm, influences firm productivity. Results show that both types of human capital are positively associated with firm productivity. Overall, it is firm attributes that explain most of the productivity variance. The third chapter, Accessibility to Human Capital and New Firm Formation, compares how human capital influences new firm formation in different regional categories. Overall, it is the access to human capital at the local and intra-regional level that increases the new firm formation rate. However, the influence from human capital differs across the regional categories and their position in the hierarchical system. The last chapter, Banks and New Firm Formation, analyses how different characteristics of the local bank sector influence new firm formation. The average size of bank branches per capita, independent banks, bank branches per capita and the competitive level are positively associated with local startups.
6
Gottlow, Jan. "New attachment formation by guided tissue regeneration." Göteborg : Dept. of Periodontology, University of Göteborg, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17242123.html.
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Nielsen, John William. "The formation of New England coastal fronts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54957.
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8
Yao, Haoyi. "A New Approach to Oxidative Amide Formation." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1333733822.
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9
Barbieri-Arhancet, Graciela I. "New oxy-dihydrofuran annulation methodology." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09162005-115038/.
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10
Pettibone, Alicia J. "Toward a better understanding of new particle formation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/420.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The creation of new atmospheric particles via nucleation is an important source of particles, and may influence climate by altering the aerosol size distribution. The objectives of my dissertation research were to better understand the process by which new particles are created (homogeneous nucleation), and how these particles are modified throughout their lifetime in the atmosphere. The approach combined field-measurements and observations with advanced instrumentation development and extensive data analysis.
In the laboratory, a Dry-Ambient Aerosol Size Spectrometer (DAASS) was constructed. The DAASS is an automated combination of aerosol sizing instruments and supporting equipment that measures aerosol size distributions from 10.9 nm to 10 µm at both ambient and dry relative humidities and was deployed during the MILAGRO field campaign. The design and construction of a Differential Mobility Analyzer from parts was also completed in order to provide the capability to perform Tandem DMA (or TDMA) measurements.
New particle formation events, occurring in both rural (Midwest United States) and urban (Mexico City) locations were analyzed. In the Midwest, the temporal pattern, frequency, associated meteorology and contributing factors were quantified for the first time in this location.
The urban observations were conducted in Mexico City, Mexico, as part of an international field campaign known as MILAGRO (Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations 2006). It was determined that new particle formation in Mexico City occurs following periods of decreased pre-existing aerosol surface area. These sharp decreases in pre-existing aerosol surface area are tied to the rapid ventilation of the Mexico City basin that occurs in the early afternoon as a result of its unique geographical setting in a mountain basin.
Number-based emission factors representative of Mexico City were determined using a method of signal peak identification in collocated SMPS and CO2 measurements. The emission factor as a function of time of day, day of week, and wind direction were examined. The overall emission factor is size resolved, and comparisons to other size resolved emission factors determined in other locations (such as Los Angeles) were performed.
11
Pettibone, Alicia Stanier Charles O. "Toward a better understanding of new particle formation." [Iowa City, Iowa] : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/420.
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12
Kuo, Yun-Hsuan. "New dialect formation : the case of Taiwanese Mandarin." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413226.
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13
Wang, Nan. "Amyloid fibril formation : new insights from mass spectrometry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614114.
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14
de, Laix Andrew Alan. "New Models For Structure Formation with Hot Particles /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487929745333925.
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15
Matsumoto, Akira. "New Silicon - Carbon Bond Formation and Synthetic Application." Kyoto University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151545.
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16
Griffiths, Nigel E. "New firm formation and business development : a study of new independent firms in Wales." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1986. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/new-firm-formation-and-business-development(87bc52f4-e871-4fbe-8202-be17307f3817).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Very little is known about the small firms sector and the new firm formation process in the Welsh economy. This study attempts to bridge this gap in Knowledge and adds to the growing body of information on new firm formation and development in the U.K. and its regions. The approach adopts a largely microeconomic perspective within a business policy strategy. Data is obtained from interviews with the founders of some 61 new independent firms in South Wales. Further information is derived from interviews with representatives of the major banks and support agencies in the Principality. The study, therefore, provides data which allows a comprehensive comparison with studies of other areas and an assessment of the new firm formation process in Wales. Information is provided on both the initial start-up and the development of new and independent firms. This study also makes a contribution to knowledge in several other areas:- 1. It outlines a method to estimate the importance of new firms in employment generation in Wales. This method could usefully be extended to other regions and indeed to the U.K. as a whole. 2. It provides statistics on the size distribution of firms in the private manufacturing sector of Industrial South Wales which can also be classified according to ownership status. A potentially important factor in the new firm formation process. 3. It shows that existing theories of price determination are largely inadequate at describing methods of new firm pricing. Data are presented on the pricing practices of firms when they first enter a market and a representative model of pricing methods in new firms is suggested. 4. It attempts to relate various microeconomic concepts to the very specialised situation found in new firms,both at the time of start-up and during the infant stage of business development. Barriers to entry, scale and location decisions and limits to firm growth are considered in this context.
17
Kullinger, Johanna. "Immigrants and new firm formation in the service sector." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-10379.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis is written with the purpose to analyze immigrants’ effect on new firm formation. Immigrants can ease future sustenance problems of decreasing population growth and growing life expectancy. Immigrants start new firms to a higher extent than ethnic Swedes. Two reasons to that immigrants start new firms is to get out of unemployment and to satisfy a demand of products preferred by certain groups.
This thesis point out cultural and structural factors that contribute to higher immigrant new firm formation rates and what in general diverges from ethnic Swedes’ new firm formation. Also, push and pull effects are discussed. The ordinary and the advanced service sector in Sweden, where 76 % of all new firms were started in 2005, are studied. The result that emerged shows that immigrants from non-Nordic countries have a positive effect on new firm formation. However, people from FIND-countries (Finland, Iceland, Norway and Denmark) did not have a positive effect on new firm formation.
18
Biermeier, Thomas. "Word formation in new Englishes a corpus based analysis." Berlin Münster Lit, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988766590/04.
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19
Gresock, Amy. "RESOURCE ACCUMULATION DYNAMICS DURING THE NEW VENTURE FORMATION PROCESS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4327.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As described by the resource-based view, resource accumulation is a key concern for new ventures. Although we know that getting the right resources is a critical issue to organizations, we know far less about how fledgling firms assemble these resources over time. The purpose of this study is to examine the dynamics of resource accumulation and their effect on performance and growth during new venture formation. In particular, I examine the constructs of financial capital, human capital, and performance, and will test relationships using a sample from the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) that provides the necessary data to test my longitudinal proposals. I predict that that the constructs of human capital and financial capital impact performance, and that performance later impacts these constructs. I use latent curve analysis to examine the growth and decline of resource classes, and also cross-lag analysis to see how performance affects the acquisition of subsequent resources. This work has potential implications for strategy and entrepreneurship scholars alike. The document is organized as follows: Chapter 1 will serve as the introduction of the work and describe my research question and intent. Chapter 2 will serve as a relevant literature review and gives detail to theoretical perspectives guiding the study at hand. Chapter 3 presents the methodology, including information about the sample and the statistical methods utilized. Chapter 4 explains the results of the testing of hypotheses. Finally, Chapter 5 gives conclusions, limitations, and provides direction for future research.Ph.D.
Department of Management
Business Administration
Business Administration PhD
20
Pfeifer, Lukas. "New methods and reagents for carbon-fluorine bond formation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fe082120-eae7-4299-a349-0d42401ff501.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After a general introduction about the properties and preparation of organofluorine compounds (Chapter 1), this thesis is divided into two parts focussing on the development of new methods for C-F bond formation (Part A) as well as studies towards the development of novel fluorinating reagents (Part B). Part A: New Methods for Carbon-Fluorine Bond Formation Part A consists of two chapters outlining the development of a Pd-catalysed hydrofluorination of alkenylarenes (Chapter 2) as well as a halofluorination of alkynes (Chapter 3). Chapter 2 This chapter describes the development of a novel, regioselective, syn-specific hydrofluorination of alkenylarenes under Pd-catalysis leading to the formation of benzylic fluorides. An extensive substrate scope is presented together with a model of the catalytic cycle, based on observations during the development of this reaction, deuterium labelling experiments as well as mechanistic control experiments starting from isolated palladacycles. Chapter 3 In this chapter the development of a novel iodo- as well as bromofluorination of internal and terminal alkynes, leading to the formation of (E)-halofluoroalkenes, is presented. For the former substrate class, the effects of steric as well as electronic bias on regioselectivity are discussed. For the latter substrate class, this methodology could be extended to the corresponding double iodofluorination, and for both transformations it was found to exclusively lead to the fluorination of the internal carbon. An extensive substrate scope as well as different iodofluorination-cross-coupling sequences including Suzuki, Sonogashira and Ullmann couplings, are illustrated. A representative reaction was successfully carried out on gram-scale and an iodofluorination-Suzuki-coupling sequence was used to prepare a fluorinated tamoxifen derivative. Part B: Hydrogen-Bonded Fluoride Complexes as Novel Reagents for Carbon-Fluorine Bond Formation Part B consists of two chapters describing structural as well as reactivity studies of fluoride-alcohol (Chapter 4) and fluoride-urea complexes (Chapter 5). Chapter 4 In this chapter the synthesis of 19 novel hydrogen-bonded tetraalkylammonium fluoride-alcohol complexes is described. For a subset of 15, the solid-state structures as determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments are presented. Trends of reactivity and selectivity were determined using these complexes as sources of fluoride anion in a model SN2 reaction. Preliminary results from in silico modelling of the fluoride-alcohol system provide a basis for explaining the results. Chapter 5 This chapter summarises the synthesis and solid-state structures of 20 hydrogen-bonded fluoride complexes using the urea and related squaramide and amide motifs. Also, the size of the tetraalkylammonium counter-cation was varied to study the influence on the solid-state structure. The reactivity and selectivity of a series of complexes was studied using the same model SN2 reaction as in Chapter 4 and results were compared accordingly. Different UV-vis and NMR spectroscopic techniques were used to study the behaviour of the fluoride-urea system in solution. Preliminary results demonstrate the use of 1,3-diarylureas as organocatalysts for nucleophilic fluorination.
21
佳秀, 坂中, and Yoshihide Sakanaka. "Formation of silicon and silicides by new electrochemical processes." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12928048/?lang=0, 2015. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12928048/?lang=0.
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22
Zhang, Jing. "New Strategies for Ruthenium Catalyzed C-C Bond Formation." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27272.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond activation allows direct functionalization of the ubiquitous C-H bonds in organic molecules to increase the molecular complexity. Since Murai's pioneering work in ruthenium catalyzed regioselective arene-alkene coupling reaction, a number of transition metal catalysts have been developed for C-C bond formation via C-H bond activation. However, metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization faces a number of long-standing challenges such as the control over regio- and stereoselectivity and harsh reaction conditions. Presented herein is our research on the development of ruthenium(II)-based catalysts for new and improved methods in C-C bond formations by formal activation of sp2 C-H bonds and subsequent coupling with alkyne substrates. Chapter 1 introduces the background of alkyne hydroarylation initiated by transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond activation and the significance to develop new strategies to overcome the limitations of current methods. In Chapter 2 and Chapter 3, ruthenium(II)-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyst systems were developed for efficient [3+2] carbocyclization between N-H aromatic ketimines or aromatic ketones and internal alkynes under very mild conditions. This process incorporates the ortho-directing imine and ketone groups for C-H bond activation into the overall transformation in a tandem manner and enables efficient access to indenyl amines and alcohols in high yields. Chapter 4 describes the development of bis-cyclometalated ruthenium(II) complexes with readily available N-H aromatic ketimine and ketone ligands as a new class of catalyst precursors for C-C coupling reactions. The catalytic activity of the bis(imine) complex is evaluated in several catalytic coupling reactions of alkene and alkyne substrates. The coupling reactions are proposed to proceed by Ru(II)/Ru(IV) catalytic cycles involving C-C bond formation by oxidative cyclization. Chapter 5 details the development of a decarboxylative alkyne hydroarylation process to synthesize arylalkenes with controlled and versatile regiochemistry of aromatic substituents. Following a tandem sequence of C-H bond activation and alkyne coupling, the subsequent decarboxylation is facilitated by the newly installed ortho-alkenyl moiety and is compatible with various aromatic substituents at para-, meta- and ortho-positions. This new decarboxylation strategy eliminates the prerequisite of substrate activation by ortho-substitution and allows a broad scope of substituted benzoic acids to serve as aromatic building blocks for alkyne hydroarylation.
23
Enarsson, Anna. "New Blends in the English Language." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-674.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Titel: New Blends in the English Language
Författare: Anna Enarsson
Antal sidor: 29
Abstract: The aim of this essay was to identify new blends that have entered the English language. Firstly six different word-formation processes, including blending, was described. Those were compounding, clipping, backformation, acronyming, derivation and blending. The investigation was done by using a list of blends from Wikipedia. The words were looked up in the Longman dictionary of 2005 and in a dictionary online. A google search and a corpus investigation were also conducted. The investigation suggested that most of the blends were made by clipping and the second most common form was clipping and overlapping. Blends with only overlapping was unusual and accounted for only three percent. The investigation also suggested that the most common way to create blends by clipping was to use the first part of the first word and the last part of the second word. The blends were not only investigated according to their structure but also according to the domains they occur in. This part of the investigation suggested that the blends were most frequent in the technical domain, but also in the domain of society
24
Brink, Ryan A. "Sedimentologic Comparison Of The Late/lower Early Middle Cambrian Altona Formation And The Lower Cambrian Monkton Formation." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/370.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Altona Formation represents the oldest Cambrian sedimentary unit in northern New York, recording cyclic deposition in shallow marine and fluvial environments under both fair-weather and storm conditions. Five outcrops and one well log were measured and described at the centimeter scale and the top and bottom contacts of the Altona were identified. Based on the recognition of sedimentary structures such as hummocky cross stratification, oscillatory ripples, graded bedding, trough and tabular cross stratification, and bioturbation, as well as subtle lithologic changes, six lithofacies representing non-marine, middle to upper shoreface, offshore, and carbonate ramp environments were identified. The top contact with the overlying Ausable Formation is characterized by inter-tonguing marine to non-marine siltstones and cross stratified medium sandstones. The lowermost Altona is found to lie only one meter above Precambrian basement and is interpreted to be the only non-marine facies in this unit. Throughout the 84-meter thick section, stratigraphy records a transition from upper/middle shoreface to carbonate ramp deposition and offshore muds before cycling between upper shoreface, carbonate ramp and non-marine deposits. Based on parasequence architecture, this section of rock is interpreted to represent the transition from the transgressive systems tract to the highstand systems tract.
Thin sections analysis from each lithofacies quantified grain size and composition and identified a provenance. Modal analysis data from clastic lithofacies reveals subarkose to arkose sandstones with an accessory mineral suite including ilmenite, apatite, rutile, and zircon. Integrating the compositional data, particularly the accessory mineral suite, with detrital zircon dates of 1000 - 1300 Ma (Chiarenzelli et al., 2010) suggests that the Grenville Adirondacks in particular the AMCG suit and Lyon Mountain Granite are a likely source rock.
Comparison with the Monkton Formations of Vermont suggest that these two units were deposited under similar sea level conditions and are therefore correlative. Provenance study suggests that they were both sourced form the Adirondack Mountains. The major difference is in their depositional environments as the Monkton represents deposition of predominantly tidally influenced deltaic environment. The environmental processes acting on the two units suggests that the paleogeography of the Iapetus margin in this area was an embayed coastline.
25
Lozano-Carrascal, Naroa. "Topical Application of Bisphosphonates to Enhance Alveolar New Bone Formation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456485.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This PhD thesis is a compendium of three publications, which sets out to broaden our knowledge and understanding of the topical application of bisphosphonates alone or mixed with a bone graft in alveolar bone defects, to evaluate the potential capacity of them to preserve/enhance alveolar new bone formation.
In recent years, research has focused on improving bone substitutes to achieve faster and better regeneration by morphologic and biochemical modification. Bisphosphonates are a group of drugs that reduce bone resorption by inhibiting the formation, recruitment activity of mature osteoclasts; and promoting their apoptosis. In addition, some bisphosphonates enhance osteoblast differentiation and activity. Thence, it has been demonstrated that topical application of a bisphosphonates can minimize the bone resorption following muco-periostial flap surgery or in peri-
implantitis; improve the osteoconductive and regenerative capacity of a biomaterial; prevent the surface resorption of onlay bone grafts; or reduce post-extraction dimensional changes.
Mandibular second premolars (P2) and first molars (M1) were extracted from six Fox-Hound dogs. P2 were categorized as small defects (SD) and M1 as large defects (LD). Four random groups were created: SC (small control defects with MP3®), ST (small test defects MP3® + pamidronate), LC (large control defects with MP3®), and LT (large test defects MP3® + pamidronate). At four and eight weeks of healing the percentages of new bone formation (NB), residual grafts (RG) and connective tissue (CT) were analysed by histology and histomorphometric analysis. To complement the information already obtained from histological analysis, the samples were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), to identify the chemical elements present into the biomaterial and surrounding tissues, for understanding the biomaterial’s degradation process. The study was complemented with a systemic literature review of the articles published between January 2000 and December 2016, that evaluated in vivo the effects of the topical application of bisphosphonates on bone regeneration/preservation in alveolar defects. A total of 154 abstracts were identified, of which 18 potentially relevant articles were selected; a final total of nine papers were included for analysis.
Histomorphometric and histologic analysis of the present pilot study demonstrated that after 4 and 8 weeks of healing, higher new bone formation for test groups (ST and LT) treated topically with pamidronate, compared with SC and LC respectively; residual graft was significantly higher in both control groups (SC and LC) compared to test (ST and LT) groups; and connective tissue percentage was higher in large defects (LC and LT) compared to small defects (SC and ST). SEM analysis revealed more mineralized bone in test groups (ST and LT) compared with control groups, demonstrated by higher percentages of Ca obtained from EDX spectroscopy.
Within the limitations of this experimental study, the findings suggest that porcine xenografts (MP3®) modified with pamidronate favours the new bone formation and increased the porcine xenograft substitution/replacement after 4 and 8 weeks of healing. These results are in accordance with the conclusions obtained from the systematic review. Despite the comparison of the findings of the selected studies was made difficult by the heterogeneity of the articles, the topical application of bisphosphonate solution would appear to favour new bone formation in alveolar defects, and boosts the regenerative capacities of biomaterials resulting in increased bone density.
26
Uggla, Claes. "New perspectives on the role of auxin in wood formation /." Umeå : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1998. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1998/91-576-5342-9.gif.
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27
Boele, Maarten Dirk Karel. "New aspects of palladium-catalysed carbon-carbon bond formation reactions." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2002. http://dare.uva.nl/document/85962.
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28
Launay, Guillaume. "New approaches for C-F bond formation in organic chemistry." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The importance of fluorinated organic molecules has grown over the last 50 years, particularly in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Therefore the development of new methods for fluorination is a very attractive research area. In Chapter 1, the properties and impact of the fluorine atom on organic molecules are overviewed. Existing electrophilic and nucleophilic fluorination methods are reviewed, and new developments in asymmetric fluorination are discussed. The emergence of the Prins fluorination reaction as a side product in BF₃.OEt₂ catalysed processes has been investigated as a synthesis method in Chapter 2. Indeed, it is possible to form 4-fluorotetrahydropyrans with some diastereoselectivity from an allylic alcohol and an aldehyde with a stoichiometric amount of BF₃.OEt₂. During this study, formation of 4-fluoropiperidines from N-tosyl-4-butenylamine was achieved. Optimisation of reaction conditions was investigated such as the solvent, the reaction temperature and the influence of substituents on the alcohol and the aldehyde reagents. A ring-opening reaction of 4-fluoro-2-phenyltetrahydropyran was successfully performed. Both oxa-Prins and aza-Prins fluorination reactions were investigated under microwave conditions, allowing reduced reaction times, a process that had a minimum impact on the diastereoselectivity. Attempt to form γ-hydroxy-α-vinylfluorides by the reduction-fluorination of propargylic alcohols with aluminium hydride, or by Horner-Emmons reaction with diethyl (fluoromethyl)phosphonate are reported in Chapter 3. Unfortunately these approaches were unsuccessful in the preparation of γ-hydroxy-α-vinylfluorides. Attempts to fluorinate epoxides by α-lithiation and then treatment with electrophilic fluorination reagents gave encouraging results, but the products could not be purified and characterised due to an apparent instability.
29
Pawson, Joanna Frances. "Abiotic Methane Formation at the Dun Mountain Ophiolite, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10280.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The production of hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) related to olivine hydration (i.e. serpentinization) is considered a major contributor to abiotic hydrocarbon synthesis on Earth. Recent discoveries have highlighted the importance of low temperature (<100oC) serpentinization at continental peridotite outcrops. Such sites produce substantial fluxes of abiotic CH4 from gas seeps and/or springs. A limited number of studies in the southern hemisphere offer research on low temperature abiotic hydrocarbon synthesis in natural ultramafic environments, though large areas of exposed ophiolite are prevalent. This study assesses the origin and flux of CH4 and related water-rock interactions from a previously undiscovered site in the Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt (DMOB), located at Red Hills, New Zealand. Methane emissions from a hyper-alkaline (pH >11.6) and reduced spring of calcium hydroxide (Ca2+-OH-) type waters near the Maitlands Fault were between 730 to 17,000 mg m 2day 1. The δ13C and δD values of CH4 emitting from this spring are consistent with CH4 of abiotic origin (δ13C: 32.7 ‰ VPDB, δD: 363 ‰ V SMOW). Hyper-alkaline fluids emitting from the spring are concentrated in dissolved CH4 (2.2 mg/L) and H2 (0.7 mg/L) and display δ13CCH4 signatures consistent with other sites worldwide. Extensive and localised carbonate precipitation occurs at the hyper-alkaline Ca-rich spring. Isotopic evaluation of carbonate nodules are kinetically fractionated with 13C and 18O depletions up to 30.8 ‰ and 9.3 ‰, respectively. This disequilibrium between the mineralogy and interacting fluids and gases represents a potential habitable environment for microorganisms. Porous, layered carbonates located on the outer edges of the hyper-alkaline spring are the result of atmospheric CO2 interaction with magnesium bicarbonate (Mg2+-HCO3) and Ca2+-OH- hyper-alkaline waters. The precipitation of these carbonates offers potential insight towards low temperature CO2 sequestration. Additionally, various forms of Fe-rich amorphous material precipitate in association with Mg2+-HCO3 type waters at the Red Hills. The identification of bacteria and diatoms within this material offers supporting information regarding microbial survival in metal-rich, reduced environments. This multidisciplinary study demonstrates the interconnected nature of geological, biological and atmospheric interactions in ultramafic environments at low temperature on Earth.
30
DeFigueiredo, Tania Glacy do Brasil. "A new boundary element formation and its application in engineering." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278110.
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31
Rodgers, Charles Lawrence. "Spiritual formation in youth a new paradigm for this ministry /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Luick-Thrams, Michael. "Creating New Americans:WWII-Era European Refugees Formation of American Identities." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14498.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diese Dissertation beschaeftigt sich damit wie die vom Nazi Europa vertriebenen Fluechtlinge in Fluechtlingsheimen in Kuba, Amerika und im noch nicht okupierten Europa aufgenommen wurden, bzw. den Gastlaendern entsprechend ihre Identitaeten aenderten. Die Mehrheit der 13 untersuchten Fluechtlingsheime wurden von Quaekern betrieben, wobei Scattergood Hostel (Iowa/USA) am ausfuerhlichsten in dieser Veroeffentlichung beschrieben wird.This dissertation examines how refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe were received by refugee centers in Europe, Cuba and the United States and assisted in forming new identities commensurate with the host countries. The majority of the 13 centers reviewed were run by Quakers--Scattergood Hostel (Iowa/USA) being the most extensively presented in this work.
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Heath, Kristy Marie. "Fluid Mud Formation in the Petitcodiac River, New Brunswick, Canada." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis advisor: Gail C. KinekeExperiments were conducted in the Petitcodiac River in New Brunswick, Canada during June and August 2006 to study high-concentrations of suspended sediment in a turbulent system. This study will evaluate the conditions necessary for fluid mud formation by investigating 1) the suppression of turbulence at gradient Richardson numbers greater than 0.25; 2) a threshold condition for the amount of sediment a flow can maintain in a turbulent suspension; and 3) the influence of flocculation on vertical suspended-sediment transport. Direct measurements of salinity, temperature, current velocity, and suspended-sediment concentration were collected during accelerating and decelerating flows and when fluid mud formed. In June, current velocities were typically above 1 m s-1 and suspended-sediment concentrations were generally less than 10 g l -1. In August, current velocities were typically less than 1.5 m s-1, suspended-sediment concentrations were greater than 10 g l -1, and a high-concentration bottom layer formed rapidly during decelerating flood currents. Gradient Richardson numbers for concentrations greater than 10 g l -1 were generally greater than 0.25, suggesting strong density gradients have the ability to suppress turbulence. Results from the Petitcodiac suggest a carrying capacity threshold might exist, but is based on a critical gradient Richardson number between 1.0 and 2.0 rather than the previously accepted value of 0.25. Differences in the evolution of disaggregated grain size distributions for settling suspensions suggest flocculation plays an important role for fluid mud formation by enhancing settling of fine sediments
Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Geology and Geophysics
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Routledge, Kathryn Emma. "New insights into b-2microglobulin fibrin formation using systematic mutagenesis." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485785.
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Gabb, David. "Directing the formation of new polyoxometalate architectures through cation control." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3243/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The primary focus of this thesis is the design and synthesis of novel polyoxometalate clusters by using reactive secondary building units (SBUs) and assembling them in the presence of cations which can direct the formation of new polyoxometalate (POM) architectures. Using lacunary POM species as the SBU with electrophilic linking atoms has proved to be an effective strategy for the formation of higher nuclearity clusters as well as infinite supramolecular network materials. A new reaction system has been developed where lacunary dinuclear transition metal sandwich compounds are formed, ({P2W15}2M2 where M is a transition metal ion), with tetrabutylammonium (TBA) cations from alkali salt precursors of the {P2W15} POM. Normally the tetranuclear sandwich is favoured, ({P2W15}2M4), but by using a combination of bulky TBA cations to stabilise the cluster and protons to balance the charge a family of more reactive dinuclear transition metal sandwiches has been formed. Importantly, this experimental technique serves as a reliable high yielding method for exchanging alkali metal cations for TBA which allows them to be solubilised in less polar solvent. By utilising our knowledge of the reaction forming conditions for tungsten and molybdenum based clusters, carbamate ligands have been used along with hydrothermal reaction conditions to generate two new polyoxoniobate clusters. These clusters both contain pentagonal {M5(M)} units hitherto only seen in tungstate and molybdate systems where they can be combined to form large spherical assemblies such as the Keplerate. One of these compounds, {Nb27} is the largest isopolyoxoniobate reported to date and the second, {Nb31}, is larger but contains a coordinated carbonate ligand, making it a heteropolyoxoniobate. By reaction of the superlacuanry cyclic heteropolyanion {P8W48} with cobalt a series of network materials have been synthesised. The empirical formulae of these networks are very similar but the arrangement of the atoms in the crystal lattice is very different. These reactions show that in POM chemistry small differences in reaction conditions can have a marked effect on the products which are made. By dehydration and subsequent rehydration these compounds undergo a three phase single-crystal to single-crystal transformation with a remarkable 30 % volume change. This single-crystal transformation has the largest volume change for any purely inorganic material and this volume change is comparable to the largest transformations seen in metal organic framework (MOF) compounds. The structural changes occur through the breaking and reforming of the bonds linking the Co(II) ions to the clusters and the removal of coordinated water and subsequent bonding of the cobalt ions to POM ligands. All of these reactions utilise positively charged species to direct the formation of new anionic POM clusters.
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Мариняка, Катерина Анатоліївна. "The specialist of the new formation in the globalization process." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15336.
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Rotter, Ingrid, Wlodzimierz Iskra, and Markus Müller. "Selforganization in the Nuclear System: II. Formation of a New Order." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-32702.
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Bosnidou, Alexandra Eleni. "New Methodology for C-N Bond Formation within Iodine Redox Manifolds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668478.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Els últims desenvolupaments en el camp de la construcció d’enllaços carboni-nitrogen es mostren en aquesta tesi doctoral. En aquesta, es revelen alternatives més verdes a les metodologies sintètiques comunes, amb l’ús de reactius de iode hipervalent i iode molecular com a principals promotors.
Inicialment, es presenta l’ús de reactius de iode hipervalent definits que promouen l’aminació C-H selectiva i directa del nucli indol de diferents tipus de triptamines. Començant per l’aminació general, transformacions posteriors, com la iodació, fluoració, etc. es van realitzar per tal de rendir productes més funcionalitzats, amb una quimioselectivitat remarcablement alta. Per tant, s’ha fet disponible un major grau de diversificació estructural per als derivats triptamínics, proveint blocs de construcció (building blocks) que obren espai químic per a més exploració.
Seguidament, es discuteix l’aminació catalítica fotoquímica d’arens. La reacció es dóna en catàlisi de iode i presència de llum visible com a iniciador, i permet l’accés a un ventall d’aril amines substituïdes. L’ampli abast de la reacció es va poder expandir encara més a derivats bloquejats amb grups silil, que experimenten una aminació intramolecular per tal de donar lloc a heterocicles de set membres. L’escissió del grup silil permet l’accés a les corresponents anilines 3-substituïdes.
L’aminació directa d’enllaços C-H alifàtics ha estat una de les transformacions més desafiants en la química orgànica. En la última part de la tesi, reportem l’esmunyedissa aminació C(sp3)-H sota un sistema catalític únic, basat en la recentment desenvolupada aminació intramolecular. Aquesta estratègia sintètica pràctica permet l’accés a blocs de construcció aminats. És presentada també una extensió que fomenta múltiples aminacions C-H per a aconseguir heterocicles aminats. La utilitat sintètica de la metodologia és demostrada per la síntesi de quatre productes farmacèutics rellevants.En esta Tesis Doctoral se describen los últimos avances en el campo de la construcción de enlaces carbono-nitrógeno. En ella se discuten alternativas más verdes, comparadas con las metodologías más comunes, mediante el uso de reactivos hipervalentes de yodo y yodo molecular como principales promotores. En la primera sección se presenta el uso de reactivos hipervalentes de yodo que promueven la aminacion C-H directa y selectiva del grupo indol en varios derivados de triptamina. A partir de esta aminación general, otras transformaciones, tales como iodinación, fluorinación, etc. fueron llevadas a cabo, obteniendo productos altamente funcionalizados con una remarcable alta quimioselectividad. De este modo, una alta diversificación estructural de derivados de triptamina están disponibles, proveyendo diferentes componentes que permiten futuras exploraciones en este área. En la siguiente sección, se describe la aminación fotoquímica y catalítica de arenos. Esta reacción funciona mediante catálisis de yodo molecular en presencia de luz visible como iniciador, dando acceso a un amplio rango de arilaminas con diferentes patrones de substitución. Esta metodología es muy general y puede expandirse a derivados con silicio que dan lugar a heterociclos de siete miembros. La ruptura de este enlace silicio-carbono da acceso a las correspondientes anilinas meta-subtituidas. La aminación directa de enlaces C-H alifáticos es una de las transformaciones más dificiles de conseguir en química orgánica. En la última parte de esta Tesis se describe la aminación intermolecular de C(sp3)-H basada en la recientemente desarrollada versión intramolecular. Esta estrategia sintética permite el acceso a diferentes estructuras aminadas de importancia. También se presenta la extensión de esta metodología hacia la aminacion de multiples C-H, obteniendo aza-heterociclos. La utilidad práctica de esta metodología esta demostrada mediante la síntesis de cuatro compuestos de interés farmacéutico
The latest developments in the field of oxidative carbon-nitrogen bond construction are represented in this Doctoral Thesis. Greener alternatives to established synthetic methodologies have been disclosed with the use of hypervalent iodine reagents and molecular iodine as main promoters. Initially, the use of defined hypervalent iodine reagents that promote the selective direct C-H-amination at the indole core of various tryptamines is presented. Starting from the general amination, subsequent transformations, such as iodination, fluorination etc. were performed to afford higher-functionalized products with a noteworthy chemoselectivity. Consequently, a higher degree of structural diversification has become available for tryptamine derivatives, providing building blocks that open chemical space for further exploration. Subsequently, a photochemical catalytic amination of arenes is discussed. The reaction proceeds under benign iodine catalysis in the presence of visible light as the initiator and provides access to a range of differently substituted arylamines. The broad scope of the reaction could further be expanded to silyl-tethered derivatives, which undergo intramolecular amination to give rise to seven-membered heterocycles. Cleavage of the silicon tether provides access to the corresponding 3-substitued anilines. The direct amination of aliphatic C-H bonds has remained one of the most challenging transformations in organic chemistry. In the last part of this thesis, the elusive intermolecular C(sp3)-H amination based on a unique homogeneous iodine catalyst system is reported. This practical synthetic strategy allows the access to aminated building blocks. An extension that fosters innovative multiple C-H amination toward aminated heterocycles is also presented. The synthetic utility of the methodology is demonstrated by the synthesis of four relevant pharmaceuticals.
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Vos, Marc Adriaan. "New observations to identify abnormal impulse formation in the intact heart." Maastricht : Maastricht : Datawyse ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1989. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5552.
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Ohlsson-Wijk, Sofi. "Family Formation in Sweden around the Turn of the New Millennium." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-116511.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis contains four empirical studies that examine patterns in family formation in Sweden around the turn of the new millennium. This is an interesting context for the topic because Sweden is often seen as a forerunner in family-demographic change as well as in gender equality and value developments. The empirical studies provide insight into the state of affairs of these developments. In all four studies, event-history analyses are applied to Swedish population register data. Two of the studies focus on first-marriage formation, while the other two focus on first childbearing. Study I reveals that starting from 1998 there was an increase in marriage-formation rates, which was not due to compositional changes in the population. This is in contrast to the common image of Sweden in the forefront of contemporary marriage decline. Study II shows that marriage rates for men and women display clear peaks at exact ages 30, 40, 50, and 60 as well as in the year 2000. The peaks demonstrate that in Sweden, marriage formation is not fully determined by conventional structural factors or individual characteristics. It illustrates that the choice to marry may be taken quite lightly in a context where differences between cohabitation and marriage are relatively small. Study III shows that the transition to parenthood varies across occupational groups. For both men and women, birth rates are positively related to own earnings. Birth rates are also high for those who work in a caring or teaching oriented occupation or in a gender-typical occupation. The findings may reflect differences in the possibility to take on parental responsibilities and they demonstrate the role of gendered behavior. Self-selection processes may also be important. In Study IV, the transition to parenthood for men and women is examined in relation to the sex composition of the workplace. Birth rates increase with the share of employees of the individual’s own sex, net of factors such as own earnings, public or private sector employment, occupation, and industry. This shows the importance of gender and gender structures in the work environment for childbearing behavior.Denna avhandling består av ett introduktionskapitel och fyra empiriska studier som undersöker mönster i familjebildning i Sverige kring millennieskiftet. Detta är en intressant kontext för ämnet eftersom Sverige ofta ses som en föregångare inom familjedemografisk utveckling och jämställdhets- och värderingsförändringar. I samtliga studier tillämpas livsförloppsanalys på registerdata över befolkningen. De två första studierna fokuserar på förstagångsäktenskap och de andra två på barnafödande. Studie I visar att från 1998 skedde en uppgång av giftermålstalen, som inte berodde på sammansättningsförändringar i befolkningen. Detta står i kontrast till den typiska bilden av Sverige som föregångare i en allmän nedåtgående giftermålstrend. Studie II visar att giftermålstalen för män och kvinnor uppvisar tydliga toppar vid ”jämna” åldrar (30, 40, 50 och 60) samt under år 2000. Topparna åskådliggör att i Sverige formas giftermålsbeslut inte helt av konventionella strukturella faktorer eller individuella egenskaper. Detta kan spegla att i en kontext där skillnaderna mellan samboende och äktenskap är relativt små kan giftermålsbeslut fattas relativt lättvindigt. Studie III visar att benägenheten att skaffa ett första barn varierar mellan yrkesgrupper. För både män och kvinnor är födelsetalen positivt relaterade till inkomster och till arbete inom omsorg och utbildning. Detta återspeglar sannolikt skillnader i möjligheten att försörja en familj och att ta ansvar för omsorg av eventuella barn samt att män och kvinnor troligtvis väljer yrken som passar deras intressen. Benägenheten att skaffa barn är också större för de med könstypiska yrken, vilket indikerar att könsrollssocialisering spelar en central roll. I studie IV undersöks sambandet mellan arbetsplatsens könssammansättning och benägenheten att skaffa ett första barn. För både män och kvinnor är benägenheten att skaffa barn högre ju större andel av kollegorna som tillhör ens eget kön. Detta visar att genus och könsstrukturer i arbetsmiljön kan påverka barnafödandebeslut.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
Welfare, Labor-market Status and Family Dynamics
Register-based Research in Nordic Demography
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Weston, Darlene Adele. "Approaches to the investigation of periosteal new bone formation in palaeopathology." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405263.
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Shteynberg, Garriy. "Social attention theory a new look at knowledge formation in groups /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9188.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Vanbuskirk, Stephanie. "Alluvial stratigraphy and soil formation at Cox Ranch Pueblo, New Mexico." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/s%5Fvanbuskirk%5F120904.pdf.
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Niljianskul, Nootaree. "New Pd and Cu-based catalysts for carbon-heteroatom bond formation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98784.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis: Ph. D. in Organic Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The research presented in this dissertation is aimed at the development of novel methodologies for carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by late-transition metals. Both palladium and copper are central to the field of transition metal-catalysis and are integral to the catalyst systems developed as part of our continual advancement in cross-coupling reactions. The first part of this thesis focuses on the use of palladium catalysts to form carbon-sulfur bonds directed towards aryl sulfonamide synthesis. The second part of the thesis describes the recent development in the copper(!) hydride mediated formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds via hydroamination of olefins. Part I. Chapter 1. Palladium-Catalyzed Chlorosulfonylation of Arylboronic Acids Using a biaryl phosphine ligand platform, the first palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of phenyl chlorosulfate with arylboronic acids was achieved. In this context, the arylsulfonyl chloride products serve as useful precursors to a variety of sulfonyl functional groups, such as aryl sulfonamides, aryl sulfones, and arenesulfonate esters. In particular, this method allows for the preparation of a number of arylsulfonyl chlorides that are not accessible via electrophilic aromatic substitution pathways and under mild reaction conditions. Additionally, this methodology points to an unprecedented selectivity for the phenylchlorosulfate electrophiles used in the cross-coupling reactions. Part II. Chapter 2. Enantio- and Regioselective Copper-Catalyzed Hydroamination of Styrenes and the Extension of the Methodology towards Anti-Markovnikov Hydroamination of Terminal Aliphatic Alkenes The development of a copper-mediated strategy towards the hydroamination of styrene derivatives is reported. In this system, the reaction proceeds regioselectively and enantioselectively to generate [alpha]-branched amines. The system can transform a wide variety of substituted styrenes, including trans-, cis-, and [beta]-disubstituted styrenes. In addition, our extension to copper-catalyzed hydroamination reactions of unactivated aliphatic olefins is reported. Using terminal aliphatic alkenes, the copper-catalyzed hydroamination reactions proceed with anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity. Preliminary results point to the application of this methodology towards [beta]-chiral amine synthesis via the hydroamination of I, 1-disubstituted alkenes. Chapter 3. [alpha]-Aminosilane Synthesis via Copper-Catalyzed Hydroamination of Vinylsilanes The copper-catalyzed hydroamination of vinylsilanes is described. This regioselective reaction generates a-chiral aminosilanes in high yields and enantioselectivities. The method is compatible with differentially substituted vinylsilanes and allows access to many valuable chiral organosilicon compounds. Chapter 4. Synthesis of [gamma]-Chiral Amines via Copper-Catalyzed Hydroamination of 3,3- Disubstituted Allylic Alcohols and 3,3-Disubstituted Allylic Benzoates An investigation into the copper-catalyzed hydroamination of allylic alcohols and allylic benzoates is reported. The reaction proceeds via a [beta]-alkoxy elimination, setting a stereogenic center at the 3-postion to generate [gamma]-chiral amine products. The reaction is more efficient using allylic benzoates. This method is completely regioselective and is applicable to aliphatic allylic benzoates as well as aromatic allylic benzoates. Additionally, we demonstrated that this strategy is applicable towards an allylic epoxide substrate to generate [delta]-chiral amine.
by Nootaree Niljianskul.
Ph. D. in Organic Chemistry
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Ly, Tuan Q. "New heteroatom ligands and metalla-heterocycles via P-N bond formation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32271.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The reaction of K[N{P(S)Ph2}2] (R = Ph or iPr) with [Mo(N3S2)Cl3] in dichloromethane gives [Mo(N3S2){(ph2(O)PNP(S)P2}2] 1 and [Mo(N3S2){iPr2(O)PNP(S)iPr2}2] 2. X-ray crystallography revealed in both compounds the chelates are co-ordinated to octahedral metal centres. The oxygen atoms are located in the trans position to the nitrogen of the triazene ring. The absence of a chloride counter ion indicates that the metal centre has been reduced from Mo(VI) to Mo(V), and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy confIrmed the reduction of the molybdenum centres. The friction reducing study of compound 1 and [Mo(N3S2)(DTBC)2]Na (DTBC = 3,5–di–tert–butylcatechol) has shown that both compounds exhibit low friction coefficient values.
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Hodgson, Rebecca Ann. "New lecturers' journeys : the formation of 'the academic' in Higher Education." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/17308/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research explores the formation of academic identities in a large, northern post-1992 UK university. The study is contextualized within the current discourse of a managerialist, neo-liberal, marketised higher education context and the dominance of notions of 'excellence'. The research aimed to ascertain how academics conceptualise their academic role and practice over time and what might account for this, with an intention to identify implications for the support and development of new academic staff. The participants were academics who were undertaking or had recently undertaken a Post Graduate Certificate in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education. A set of longitudinal interviews, three per participant, formed the primary data set with current course participants, with a secondary data set of one off interviews with a separate group of alumni course participants. The research sits within a constructivist paradigm and adopted a reflexive, interpretative approach to data collection and analysis, with both the voice of the researcher and participants remaining visible throughout. An iterative process of qualitative data analysis was used, with themes inductively generated from the data, using first open coding and then qualitative content analysis. Although participant narratives are heterogeneous, overarching themes were identified relating to conceptions of identity and factors influencing this. Conceptions of identity typically saw 'hybridised academic identities' emerging, together with the notion of the academic as a 'tri-professional'. Whilst the notion of 'research' was considered an essential aspect of the academic identity, differing conceptions of what this entailed highlighted disciplinary differences in approaches to research and scholarly practice. Several interdependent factors influencing the development of academic identity and practice were identified from the data. These were self-efficacy, pedagogical agency, mattering, and belonging, which were interrelated with a key aspect of a stable academic identity, pedagogical resilience. These findings informed the development of a tentative conceptual model for the formation of the academic, the 'new academic identity nexus'. Whilst it appeared that courses like a PgCert LTHE can contribute to the development of an academic identity, experiences in local subject contexts were the critical mechanisms through which an academic identity can be developed and realised. The proposed 'new academic identity nexus' has significant implications for leaders and managers in academic institutions.
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Rotter, Ingrid, Wlodzimierz Iskra, and Markus Müller. "Selforganization in the Nuclear System: II. Formation of a New Order." Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, 1993. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A22097.
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Loza, Léna. "Les immigrants guyaniens de New-York : une communauté ethnique en formation ?" Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20082.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cette thèse vise à contribuer à l’approfondissement des connaissances sur l’immigration caribéenne à New York. Elle s’intéresse à l’expérience des Guyaniens, immigrants « invisibles » en dépit de leur fort poids démographique dans cette ville. Ce paradoxe constitue le point de départ de cette étude qualitative qui propose une analyse du processus de construction d’une communauté ethnique guyanienne en contexte post-migratoire. Ainsi, cette thèse explore les facteurs qui favorisent ou entravent l’élaboration de structures et d’événements communautaires dépassant les clivages historiques internes à la population guyanienne. L’analyse des discours identitaires individuels recueillis met en relief la persistance de représentations sociales qui fragilisent le sentiment d’appartenance à la nation guyanienne. Elle révèle, en outre, les processus de redéfinition identitaire déclenchés par les nouvelles interactions sociales naissant dans la société d’accueil. Cette thèse démontre, l’influence de ces paramètres sur les modalités de l’insertion spatiale et expose les causes de la faiblesse organisationnelle des immigrants guyaniens de New York, ce qui permet de mieux comprendre leur manque de visibilité dans l’espace public new-yorkaisThe purpose of this PhD dissertation is to add to the existing knowledge about Caribbean immigration in New York city. It deals with the migration experiences of Guyanese people, a group of immigrants which remains “invisible” despite its strong demographic weight in this city. This paradox was taken as the starting point of this qualitative study which offers an analysis of ethnic community building by Guyanese people in New York city. Therefore this dissertation explores the factors which either favor or hinder the setting up of community structures and events beyond the internal ethnic splits that divide the Guyanese population. The individual identity discourses which were collected bring out the enduring social representations which weaken feelings of belonging to the Guyanese nation. They also reveal the processes of identity redefinition triggered by new social interactions in the host society. This dissertation shows the influence of these elements on the spatial integration of Guyanese immigrants in New York city and the reasons for their organizational weakness, which allows us to understand their lack of visibility within the public space of New York city
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Mohy, El Dine Tharwat. "New insights in amide bond formation mediated by boron-based catalysts." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La formation d'une liaison amide est une réaction fondamentale en chimie organique en raison de l'ubiquité des amides dans la nature. Récemment, sa formation activée par le bore est devenue un domaine en pleine émergence. Par conséquent, un procédé efficace pour la synthèse d'amides par réaction directe entre les acides carboxyliques et les amines a été développé en utilisant l’acide (2- (thiophén-2-ylméthyl) phényl) boronique en tant que catalyseur hautement actif. En utilisant cette méthode, le couplage d’une large gamme de substrats a été réalisé à température ambiante ou légèrement élevée. Par ailleurs, le premier protocole de synthèse peptidique catalytique a été décrit en utilisant l'acide 2-chlorophénylborinique en tant que catalyseur efficace capable de coupler des acides α-aminés et d'esters α-aminés dans des conditions douces pour obtenir les dipeptides désirés avec un bon rendement et une excellente énantio- et diastéréosélectivité. D'autre part, la formylation efficace et douce d’amines (transamidation d’amides) co-catalysés par l'acide boronique et l'acide acétique a été décrite. Une large gamme de formamides fonctionnalisés a été obtenue avec d'excellents rendements, y compris des dérivés d'acides α-aminés chiraux avec un taux de racémisation très faibleAmide bond formation is a fundamental reaction in organic chemistry due to the ubiquity of amide bonds in nature. Recently, boron-mediated amide bond synthesis has become a rapidly growing field. In this direction, an efficient method for the direct amide synthesis between carboxylic acids and amines has been developed using (2-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)phenyl)boronic acid as a highly active catalyst which promoted the coupling of a wide range of substrates at room temperature or at a slightly elevated one. Moreover, the first protocol of catalytic peptide synthesis has been reported using 2-chlorophenylborinic acid as an effective catalyst capable of merging α-amino acids and α-amino esters under mild conditions to afford the desired dipeptides in good yields and excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivities. On the other hand, a highly efficient and mild formylation of amines co-catalysed by borinic acid and acetic acid was described (transamidation of amides). A wide range of functionalized formamides was synthesized in excellent yields, including important chiral α-amino acid derivatives with minor racemisation being observed
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Schonberg, David L. "Formation of New Oligodendrocytes in the Spinal Cord Following Macrophage Activation." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1261419807.
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