Дисертації з теми "Neuroni Mirror"
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MANTOVANI, Guendalina. "OGGETTI, AZIONI, LINGUAGGIO: CORRELATI NEUROFISIOLOGICI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389288.
Повний текст джерелаNUARA, ARTURO. "Il ruolo dell’osservazione delle azioni nel recupero e nell’acquisizione delle abilità motorie." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1254196.
Повний текст джерелаThe observation of an action is able to trigger in the observer’s motor system an activity similar to that evoked by the correspondent action execution. Such a capacity to transform the sensory representations of other’s actions into one’s own motor representation concerning the same action – i.e. mirror mechanism – plays a key role in action understanding and imitation-driven motor learning. Action observation is able to access the cortical motor system even when limb motor function is impaired, favoring cortical reorganization and ultimately affecting motor abilities in action execution. On this basis, a rehabilitative approach grounded on action observation (i.e. Action Observation Treatment – AOT) have proven effective in improving motor function in several neurological disorders. The aim of the thesis is to discuss the role of action observation in driving the recovery and the perfectioning of motor abilities. The first part of the thesis reports a clinical pilot study demonstrating the effectiveness of AOT for the improvement of upper limb motor function in children with cerebral palsy. This study presents two main elements of novelty. The first is the remote treatment delivery and monitoring, allowing the implementation of rehabilitative sessions at patient’s own home. The second is the introduction of child-to-child remote interaction as driving-factor of motor improvement. In particular, child-to-child difference in hand motor ability is linked to improvement, suggesting that it is preferable for a child to observe a leading peer with superior motor skills to his own. This study extends traditional AOT approaches to novel social-enriched scenarios by which children could simultaneously be both recipient and leader within the motor learning process. The second part of the thesis aim to investigate the neurophysiological substrates of observational learning in healthy subjects, by means of a Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation study (TMS). Since the recent interruption of the experimental activities due to the pandemic, this part needs additional time to be completed. Thus, a six-months extension for the completion of the thesis has been requested.
Moonens, Sofie. "Mirror Neurons : The human mirror neuron system." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-6103.
Повний текст джерелаBELLUARDO, Mauro. "Elaborazione delle emozioni e plasticità cerebrale in pazienti con paralisi facciale congenita: il modello della Sindrome di Moebius." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1239489.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral neuroscientific investigations over the last thirty years have extended our knowledge about the anatomo-functional organization of the sensorimotor “Mirror Neurons System” (MNS), whose neuronal representation are active during both action execution and observation. In particular, the facial component of the MNS has been proposed as a core network for socio-emotional processes, with regions involved both in sensorimotor representations of facial expressions and in the modulation of autonomic responses related to emotion. Moreover, the organization of the facial MNS is thought as already predisposed even before birth and then refined based on the actual experience of an individual, especially during highly sensitive periods of brain development. To this regard, some studies have reported emotion processing difficulties in children with congenital facial paralysis, such as Moebius Syndrome (MBS). In particular, it has been demonstrated that MBS children reported difficulties in facial expressions recognition and reduced autonomic activity in response to emotional stimuli, probably because of an abnormal functioning of their facial MNS. To test this hypothesis, the aim of this doctoral thesis is to evaluate MBS patient facial sensorimotor anatomo-functional organization in relation to the capacity to process emotion. A second objective is to investigate MBS patients cortical plasticity following facial surgery and MNS based neurorehabilitative interventions. The first study investigated MBS children autonomic response to facial expressions, by means of Electrocardiographic measurements. Results showed significant lower autonomic modulation in MBS children in terms of Respiratory Sinus Arrythmia (RSA) reactivity in response to faces. This confirm already demonstrated MBS children difficulties in emotion processing, probably even in terms of lower predisposition to adaptively react to social stimuli. The second study consisted in a post-surgery longitudinal kinematics investigation of smile production in MBS patients who followed a Facial-Imitation and Synergistic hand-mouth Activity (FIT-SAT) neurorehabilitation protocol after facial surgery, namely a free muscle transfer procedure. Results showed that the FIT-SAT protocol 1) facilitate the activation of the transplanted muscles on the face and 2) promote better modulation of the smile compared to traditional treatments, probably fostering a more effective recruitment of neural structures responsible for smile execution. The third study showed that MBS patients who underwent surgery to increase face motility late in life reported lower sensory facial awareness during simultaneous face-hand stimulation, compared to age-matched control subjects. In contrast, patients operated during childhood reported control-like performances. These results suggest that 1) congenital facial immobility could cause a shrinkage of the facial somatotopic field in favour of an over-represented hand region and 2) interventions in early age could be more effective in inducing facial sensorimotor reorganization. As a whole, these findings confirm that the impossibility to produce complex facial gesture since gestational development could affect the actual facial sensorimotor organization, supporting also the hypothesis of a hypo functioning facial MNS in patients with congenital facial palsy. This supports the idea that emotion processing difficulties in MBS patients could be linked to deficits in motor simulation. Finally, these results suggest that brain and behavioral reorganization following interventions could occur also in congenital disease, especially if performed during childhood, probably because of more effective activity-dependent plasticity process.
REPETTO, CLAUDIA. "La relazione tra linguaggio e azione: il contributo della Realtà Virtuale nel campo dell'Embodied Cognition." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1735.
Повний текст джерелаThe rational of this project is rooted in the recent theories that consider language as grounded in action, and thus tightly tied to the motor system. In the last decades, the discovery of the mirror neurons in monkeys, and of the correspondent mirror neuron system in humans, led to a new research topic often called “embodied language”. Thanks to the methodics supplied by neuroscience, nowadays a great corpus of experimental data has been collected that support the link between language and motor system, even if the nature of this link is still not completely understood. In this perspective, beyond traditional tools such as Functional Magnetic Resonance (fMRI) or Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), also Virtual reality (RV), which allows to create an embodied experience, seems suitable to shed light on the open questions. The present project, thereby, is structured in three independent researches, each one aiming at investigating one specific facet of the complex phenomenon of embodied language. The first experiment is designed to investigate the role of the primary motor cortex during language comprehension, using rTMS; in the second one, the virtual reality is introduced, in order to test if and how a virtual action, thanks to simulation, modulates verbs comprehension; the third study, finally, using the same virtual environment, aims at examining the role of the virtual action during foreign language learning.
REPETTO, CLAUDIA. "La relazione tra linguaggio e azione: il contributo della Realtà Virtuale nel campo dell'Embodied Cognition." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1735.
Повний текст джерелаThe rational of this project is rooted in the recent theories that consider language as grounded in action, and thus tightly tied to the motor system. In the last decades, the discovery of the mirror neurons in monkeys, and of the correspondent mirror neuron system in humans, led to a new research topic often called “embodied language”. Thanks to the methodics supplied by neuroscience, nowadays a great corpus of experimental data has been collected that support the link between language and motor system, even if the nature of this link is still not completely understood. In this perspective, beyond traditional tools such as Functional Magnetic Resonance (fMRI) or Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), also Virtual reality (RV), which allows to create an embodied experience, seems suitable to shed light on the open questions. The present project, thereby, is structured in three independent researches, each one aiming at investigating one specific facet of the complex phenomenon of embodied language. The first experiment is designed to investigate the role of the primary motor cortex during language comprehension, using rTMS; in the second one, the virtual reality is introduced, in order to test if and how a virtual action, thanks to simulation, modulates verbs comprehension; the third study, finally, using the same virtual environment, aims at examining the role of the virtual action during foreign language learning.
Molinaro, Anna. "INFLUENZA DELL’OSSERVAZIONE DEL MOVIMENTO SULL’APPRENDIMENTO MOTORIO NELLA RIABILITAZIONE DI SOGGETTI IN ETÀ EVOLUTIVA AFFETTI DA PARALISI CEREBRALE INFANTILE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10853.
Повний текст джерелаINTRODUZIONE: Sulla base delle evidenze del coinvolgimento del sistema dei Neuroni Mirror (MN) nei processi di apprendimento motorio, è stato ipotizzato un ruolo della terapia di osservazione delle azioni (Action Observation Treatment, AOT) nella riabilitazione di pazienti con Paralisi Cerebrale (PC). L’ipotesi è che l’AOT, già applicata con successo nei soggetti adulti per il recupero delle funzioni motorie dopo stroke o chirurgia ortopedica e nei soggetti affetti da morbo di Parkinson, in età evolutiva vada ad agire su un sistema di neuroni specchio ancora “intatto”, promuovendo l’apprendimento di abilità attraverso una modalità di scomposizione di attività complesse osservate in atti semplici, e nella loro ricomposizione in sequenze nuove. SCOPO DELLO STUDIO: Obiettivo principale dello studio è quello di dimostrare l’efficacia dell’Action Observation Treatment nel migliorare la performance motoria dell’arto superiore in una coorte di bambini affetti da Paralisi Cerebrale Infantile. MATERIALI E METODI: Studio randomizzato controllato, in cieco, multicentrico. I criteri di reclutamento e le procedure metodologiche sono state approvate dal Comitato Etico degli Spedali Civili di Brescia. I pazienti arruolati vengono assegnati in modo casuale al gruppo sperimentale o al gruppo di controllo per mezzo di un software dedicato. I criteri di inclusione sono: diagnosi di Paralisi Cerebrale Infantile; età compresa tra i 5 ed i 12 anni; QI verbale ≥ 70; integrità sistema visivo/uditivo; Modified Ashworth scale(MAS) ≤2; Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) <4. Ai bambini del gruppo sperimentale viene chiesto di osservare video-clip che mostrano azioni quotidiane appropriate all'età, e poi di imitarli. I bambini appartenenti al gruppo controllo sono invitati ad osservare video-clip senza contenuti motori e in seguito ad eseguire le stesse azioni presentate al gruppo sperimentale, dopo descrizione verbale standardizzta.. La valutazione dell'efficacia del trattamento viene eseguita utilizzando la scala Assisting Hand Assessment, la scala Melbourne e il questionario ABILHAND-Kids. I bambini sono valutati due volte prima dell'inizio del trattamento (a distanza di due settimane), alla fine del trattamento e dopo 8 settimane dal termine della terapia.. Allo scopo di confermare in modo indipendente la presenza di una influenza della visione delle azioni sul sistema dei MN, i soggetti partecipanti allo studio hanno effettuato pre- e post- trattamento un indagine di Risonanza Magnetica funzionale (fMRI) che prevede l’impiego di uno specifico paradigma di stimolazione corticale, appositamente disegnato per attivare il circuito dei neuroni mirror. Per la messa a punto di questo studio e per una preliminare valutazione delle aree di attivazione interessate dalla manipolazione, il protocollo fMRI è stato applicato a un gruppo di bambini sani, dimostrando l’esistenza di un circuito fronto-parietale, attivato durante compiti di manipolazione, anche nei soggetti in età pediatrica. L’utilizzo del DTI ha consentito di dimostrare, in maniera probabilistica, la presenza di fasci di connessione tra le aree somatosensoriali primarie e secondarie, il lobo parietale superiore ed inferiore, e la corteccia premotoria ventrale e dorsale. RISULTATI: I risultati presentati si riferiscono a un campione di 12 soggetti (F=7), con età media di 8 anni e 6 mesi; dopo randomizzazione, 6 pazienti sono stati assegnati al gruppo sperimentale e 6 al gruppo di controllo. Al momento attuale, tutti i 12 pazienti descritti hanno effettuato le valutazioni conclusive previste al termine del ciclo di terapia (T2), e 9 pazienti sono stati sottoposti alle valutazioni di follow-up a 8 settimane dalla fine del trattamento (T3). Pur non essendo possibile considerare i risultati conclusivi in considerazione della numerosità attuale del campione (50% dell’atteso), i dati ottenuti hanno consentito di mettere in luce una differenza tra gruppo sperimentale e gruppo di controllo. Confrontando i punteggi ottenuti dai soggetti al termine del trattamento (T2) con quelli ottenuti alle scale di valutazione ad inizio trattamento (T1) è possibile evidenziare nel gruppo sperimentale un miglioramento dei punteggi in entrambe le scale di valutazione dell’arto superiore, che risulta invece nettamente meno significativo nel gruppo di controllo. Questa differenza quantitativa evidenziabile tra il periodo pre- e post- trattamento confermerebbe l’efficacia dell’applicazione dell’ Action Observation Treatment. I diversi risultati ottenuti nel gruppo sperimentale e nei controlli non possono essere spiegati dall’attività motoria svolta durante la sessione di riabilitazione, poiché in entrambi i gruppi è stata programmata la stessa quantità di movimento, ma la spiegazione più plausibile di questi risultati è che l’osservazione dell’azione abbia portato ad un attivazione specifica a livello centrale delle strutture neurali normalmente attive durante l’esecuzione dell’azione. Inoltre, nella verifica del risultato a lungo termine dell’intervento terapeutico, il miglioramento del gruppo sperimentale si è mantenuto costante ed è incrementato nelle valutazioni di follow-up (T3), mentre il gruppo di controllo è rimasto invariato, suggerendo la possibilità di un meccanismo di miglioramento della riorganizzazione funzionale cerebrale nei pazienti sottoposti ad AOT. Considerando i risultati del solo gruppo sperimentale, in questi bambini è evidente come gli effetti ottenuti grazie all’applicazione dell’AOT siano più significativi in termini di promozione dell’utilizzo spontaneo dell’arto trattato, misurato dalla scala AHA, piuttosto che di miglioramento dei parametri cinematici rilevati dalla scala MUUL, ad indicare che, nei bambini, l'osservazione suscita una propensione a preservare la competenza nell’eseguire il compito, selezionando i movimenti che garantiscono il risultato, a prescindere dalla somiglianza cinematica con il modello osservato.Il protocollo di studio RM nei bambini con PCI ha permesso di dimostrare un coinvolgimento del medesimo circuito fronto-parietale evidenziato nei volontari sani, e un aumento della rappresentazione corticale delle aree coinvolte nella manipolazione a livello dell’emisfero lesionato. In particolare, il confronto delle acquisizioni fra gruppo di controllo e gruppo sperimentale ha mostrato per quest’ultimo un incremento statisticamente significativo di attivazioni nelle aree parietali, frontali precentrale e opercolare, corrispondenti alla localizzazione del sistema dei neuroni mirror. Limite del presente studio è sicuramente il piccolo numero di bambini attualmente arruolati, tuttavia l'omogeneità del campione, ottenuta con criteri di inclusione selettivi, garantisce una elevata affidabilità dei risultati ottenuti. Infine, i risultati forniscono informazioni indirette anche sulla ontogenesi del sistema dei neuroni specchio. Non è ancora stato chiarito se la presenza dei neuroni mirror sia innata o se si sviluppi in parallelo con l'esperienza motoria; i risultati attuali mostrano chiaramente che, almeno per l'età della scuola primaria, il network dei neuroni mirror può diventare il bersaglio di AOT e, quindi, indirettamente, suggeriscono la maturità del sistema a questa età. CONCLUSIONI: I risultati ottenuti nel presente studio, anche se non definitivi, forniscono la prova dell’efficacia dell’AOT nel migliorare l’utilizzo spontaneo dell’arto superiore in bambini con PCI.
XXVII Ciclo
1982
Vigneswaran, G. "The role of mirror neurons in movement suppression." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1401074/.
Повний текст джерелаWestlund, Kristina. "The Mirror Neuron System and Its Role in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3128.
Повний текст джерелаThe discovery of mirror neurons and the mirror neuron system is one of the most interesting breakthroughs in the field of neuroscience in recent years. The topic stretches over a wide spectrum of research fields but one of the more prominent areas is concerned with the role of mirror neurons in autism spectrum disorder. It is hypothesized that an impaired mirror neuron system may be one of the main causes underlying the deficits seen in autistic individuals. Parallel to the broken mirror theory of autism there are critical voices claiming there is not enough empirical evidence to support such a theory. Research carried out in the area seems to offer support for both contradictory approaches making it hard to conclude the definite role of mirror neurons in this developmental disorder. Future research may offer conclusive answers concerning the role of the mirror neuron system in autism spectrum disorder as well as other important questions regarding the functional properties of the brain areas under question.
Behmer, Lawrence P. Jantzen Kelly J. "Reading sheet music activates the mirror neuron system of musicians : an EEG investigation /." Online version, 2010. http://content.wwu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/theses&CISOPTR=342&CISOBOX=1&REC=16.
Повний текст джерелаAgnew, Zarinah Karim. "Action execution, action perception and 'mirror' neurones." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11312.
Повний текст джерелаFarina, Elisabetta Ismilde Mariagiovan. "Effet des lésions neurodégénératives sur le mécanisme de résonance motrice à l’observation d’action." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK045.
Повний текст джерелаThe concept of “embodied cognition” considers that the classical Perception-Cognition-Action architecture proposing a sequential flow of processing with clean cuts between all modules is not appropriate to understand the behavioral effect of neurodegenerative disorders and to find innovative therapeutic solutions. In the last decades, the discovery of the mirror neurons (MN) has given a biological substrate to this theoretical perspective: the MN are now thought linking together knowledge about actions and perceptions not only to integrate perception in action planning and execution but also as a neural mechanism supporting a wide range of cognitive functions, e.g. empathy and language. At the same time, it is now clear that in each neurodegenerative disease both cognitive and motor symptoms are represented along a continuum. In the current demographic context, neurodegenerative diseases linked to aging have become a very important social issue. Alzheimer Disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disease strictly linked to aging. As actually there is no cure, several studies are focusing on prevention. A category which now represents a preferential target of intervention is Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), considered as an intermediate stage between normal aging and AD. Even if AD and MCI have been characterized as “cognitive” diseases until now, a link between motor function and the risk of developing AD has been recognized.The main purpose of this research is to investigate the integrity of the MN network in AD, MCI and normal aging. Characterizing the functioning of the MN network in neurodegenerative diseases would be useful to better understand functional mechanisms and their clinical manifestations. It would also allow to capitalize on these kinds of neurons in the rehabilitation of motor and cognitive symptoms.The thesis consists of two parts: the first part includes an extensive bibliographic research intended to describe the scientific frame which justifies such a research.We first reviewed the evidence about the existence of a MN system in monkeys and humans, and its multiple possible roles in humans.We then briefly reviewed the clinical picture of the main neurodegenerative disorders, showing how cognitive and motor symptoms intersect in all of them.Next, we detailed the results of literature searching on neurodegenerative diseases, MN, and embodied cognition, commenting them at the light of this hypothesis.The second part of the thesis describe the experimental procedure which has been performed to evaluate the integrity of the MN network in normal elderly and people with AD and MCI, and its results.Three matched groups of 16 subjects each (normal elderly-NE, amnesic MCI with hippocampal atrophy and AD) were evaluated with a neuropsychological battery centered on functions thought to be linked to the MN system, and a fMRI task specifically created to test MN: that comprised of an observation run, where subjects were shown videos of a right hand grasping different objects, and of a motor run, where subjects observed visual pictures of objects oriented to be grasped with the right hand, and made the corresponding gesture.In NE subjects, the conjunction analysis (comparing fMRI activation during observation and execution), indicated the activation of a bilateral fronto-parietal network in “classical” MN areas, and of the superior temporal gyrus (STG), an area thought to provide the cortical visual input to the MN. The MCI group showed the activation of areas belonging to the same network, however, parietal areas were activated to a lesser extent and the STG was not activated, while the opposite was true for the right Broca’s area. We did not observe any activation of the fronto-parietal network in AD participants (...)
Da, Silva Cameirao Mónica. "Virtual Reality based stroke neurorehabilitation: Development and Assessment of the Rehabilitation Gaming System." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7568.
Повний текст джерелаGiven the high incidence and impact of stroke, the need has arisen to find more automated and self-managed rehabilitation approaches. A promising candidate is the use of Virtual Reality, and a number of systems have been proposed. Thus far, however, it is not clear what the benefits of these systems are when compared to conventional methods. Here we present the rationale, development and results on the clinical impact of one such system, the Rehabilitation Gaming System (RGS). RGS combines concepts of action execution and observation with a psychometric evaluation to provide a personalized and automated training. The RGS effectively adjusts to the individual features of the user, allowing for a minimally supervised deployment of individualized rehabilitation protocols. Our results show that rehabilitation with the RGS facilitates the functional recovery of the upper extremities in the acute and chronic stages of stroke, and that this system is therefore a valuable tool for rehabilitation.
Catmur, C. "Effects of sensorimotor learning on the human mirror neuron system." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445997/.
Повний текст джерелаDI, NUZZO CHIARA. "L'apprendimento motorio in persone sane e Parkinsoniane: L'effetto combinato dell'esperienza multimodale e di neurostimolazione." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6211.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective was to assess the role of neurostimulation and multimodality (namely the presentation of a visual model together with a synchronized musical track) in motor learning, by considering both healthy adults and Parkinsonian patients (PD). In order to achieve this goal, three experimental and longitudinal studies were carried out, using different tools such as tDCS, biofeedback and KinectTM. Starting with a systematic review, three innovative approaches which seem to be effective in treating the motor symptoms of PD, were identified. However, while recognizing the effectiveness of these three promising approaches, they have never been combined: Action Observation Learning (based on the theory of mirror neuron system), the non-invasive anodal neurostimulation on the primary motor area and the use of music. The results showed a clear support of multimodality and neurostimulation during the encoding phase and in improving motor functions, even after one month. This work provides new suggestions for innovative and effective treatments in motor learning field.
DI, NUZZO CHIARA. "L'apprendimento motorio in persone sane e Parkinsoniane: L'effetto combinato dell'esperienza multimodale e di neurostimolazione." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6211.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective was to assess the role of neurostimulation and multimodality (namely the presentation of a visual model together with a synchronized musical track) in motor learning, by considering both healthy adults and Parkinsonian patients (PD). In order to achieve this goal, three experimental and longitudinal studies were carried out, using different tools such as tDCS, biofeedback and KinectTM. Starting with a systematic review, three innovative approaches which seem to be effective in treating the motor symptoms of PD, were identified. However, while recognizing the effectiveness of these three promising approaches, they have never been combined: Action Observation Learning (based on the theory of mirror neuron system), the non-invasive anodal neurostimulation on the primary motor area and the use of music. The results showed a clear support of multimodality and neurostimulation during the encoding phase and in improving motor functions, even after one month. This work provides new suggestions for innovative and effective treatments in motor learning field.
Yousefi, Heris Ali [Verfasser], and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Sellmaier. "Reading through mirror neurons? : mindreading reconsidered / Ali Yousefi Heris ; Betreuer: Stephan Sellmaier." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/114073587X/34.
Повний текст джерелаOberman, Lindsay Meredith. "A disembodied mind the role of dysfunctional simulation systems in the social and cognitive deficits of autism spectrum disorders /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3258394.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed June 1, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Marais, Ade. "Neurocorrelates of the Mirror Neuron System in Children with Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2422.
Повний текст джерелаMitrenga, Kaja Julia. "Observation inflation and self-action inflation : investigation of source memory errors as a result of action observation and action performance." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14469.
Повний текст джерелаQuandt, Lorna Carp Joshua Halenar Michael Sklar Alfredo. "I know how you feel the effect of similarity and empathy on neural mirroring /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1022.
Повний текст джерелаLima, Renata Pereira. "Alterações hemodinâmicas encefálicas no sistema de neurônios-espelho associados à imitação: um estudo envolvendo imageamento funcional por ressonância magnética." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-20012012-090551/.
Повний текст джерелаMirror neurons are activated both during action execution and during observation of this same action performed by another person. As they seem to integrate observation and action, mirror neurons have been the focus of studies on how humans understand the other and to what extent is able to share experiences. This integration includes an \"internal representation\" that involves the same neural structures involved in the execution of an observed action and has been suggested as a fundamental part of the facilitation of learning by imitation. This study aimed, besides investigating the role of the mirror neuron system in imitative behavior, investigating how unknown motor actions are recognized and incorporated into the repertoire after practice in the current context of motor mirror neurons. For this, 20 volunteers were trained to perform tasks involving musical chords in imitation context. Our results show that the mirror neuron system has a critical role during the observation of an action in order to imitate it. Moreover, activation of mirror neuron system may be altered depending on the context in which the action is inserted
Izquierdo, Villalba Ismael. "Gαq regulates mitochondrial motility and interacts with ALEX3, MIRO1 and TRAK proteins". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668465.
Повний текст джерелаEvanchu, Hilderman Courtney. "Music and movement : the influence of tempo on the mirror neuron system in children." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52709.
Повний текст джерелаMedicine, Faculty of
Graduate
Puzzo, Ignazio. "Individual differences in the human mirror neuron system : electroencephalographic and transcranial magnetic stimulation investigations." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528858.
Повний текст джерелаDesiderio, Matthew John. "Wandering: Seeing the cinema of Wim Wenders through cultural theory and naturalized phenomenology." Diss., TEMPLE UNIVERSITY, 2011. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3440069.
Повний текст джерелаParzuchowski, Kimberley. "The Enchantment of Ethics: Empathy, Character, and the Art of Moral Living." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19722.
Повний текст джерелаBuenaventura, Suarez Alejandra. "Fluidité et mélancolie dans l’oeuvre d’Alejandra Pizarnik." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040216.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to analyze the fluidity and melancholia in the textual production of the Argentinean writer Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972). The ontological problematic ooze from Pizarnik’s production: the completeness of the being should be achieved in a unified space, which is assimilated to the triad childhood-garden-centre.Our work states that the ontological completeness is made possible in the space of the pure deleuzian becoming, in the paradox of the both senses at once. The neurotic aspect of the Pizarnik subject adds to this affirmation. The theme of the wind is of first importance for our study, because it is the authority that is in the notion of fluidity and in the notion of melancholia. We will approach the theme of the wind in Pizarnik’s textual production and their links with melancholia under the aspect of Aristotle’s Problem XXX,1
Nyström, Pär. "From Motion to Movements : Revelations by the Infant EEG." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Psychology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9067.
Повний текст джерелаThe introduction of high density EEG (hd-EEG) nets for easy application on subjects of all ages has improved the possibilities to investigate the development of the infant neurophysiology. This dissertation consists of three studies (I – III) that investigate the visual motion system and mirror neuron system of the infant, and methodological sections that outline the bioelectrical background and the characteristics of the methods used.
Study I covers the maturation of cortical areas involved in motion perception in adults and infants using an ERP paradigm. Over three age groups (2, 3 and 5 month olds) the cortical activation increased dramatically. All infant groups showed significant activation when moving displays was contrasted to static displays on a video screen. The study shows that 5-month-old infants and older can be expected to process motion in a similar fashion as adults.
Study II covers the infant mirror neuron system (MNS). In adults the mu rhythm perturbations is considered a reliable measure of activation of the MNS. This study presented both a mu rhythm analysis and a ERP analysis to detect MNS activity in 6-month-olds and in adults. This study concludes that the infant MNS can be measured using ERPs and that the development of mu rhythm perturbations requires further study.
Study III focused on exploring the mu rhythm suppressions. 8-month-olds observed a live actor that performed goal directed reaches and non-goal directed hand movements. The results show robust mu rhythm perturbations time-locked to the grasping moment. The study concluded that the MNS activity is possible to evaluate by analysis of mu rhythm perturbations and that the MNS show mature characteristics at the age of 8 months.
In summary, Study 2 and 3 present new methods to investigate the infant mirror neuron system and shows that the infant MNS is active at 6 months of age. At 8 months of age the infant MNS show mature EEG responses to simple actions such as reaching. How the MNS development relates to the infants’ motor development, and how the MNS interacts with the development of social skills requires further studies that could benefit from the methods presented here.
Samson, G. "Observing actions after stroke : investigating the potential of the mirror neuron system as a rehabilitation tool." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445835/.
Повний текст джерелаAhr, Emmanuel. "Développement du contrôle inhibiteur de stratégies heuristiques non pertinentes : Le cas des erreurs de confusion des lettres réversibles b, d, p, et q." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB194.
Повний текст джерелаEvery child aged four to seven is likely to commit confusion errors on reversible characters, whose mirror-image counterpart is another character in the writing system (for instance, b, d, p, and q in the Latin alphabet). These errors are produced by the mirror generalization process, a property of the visual system that initially allows us to recognize a face, an animal, or an object independently of the perceived profile. It automatically applies (it is said to be heuristic) to reading and writing. We actually mobilize part of the neuronal networks initially allotted to the visual processing of faces, animals, and objects for learning to read and write, thanks to a process of brain plasticity called neuronal recycling. Thus, reading and writing inherits the mirror generalization property, although it is irrelevant for the recognition of reversible letters b, d, p, and q. Around seven years of age, the frequency of errors of reversible letters confusions suddenly drops. The main objective of the present thesis is to test the hypothesis that the mirror generalization process is not entirely "unlearned" as hypothesized by previous studies but rather actively inhibited. To this aim, we designed negative priming paradigms that we proposed to literate adults and primary school children in four empirical studies. A fifth study, more theoretical, proposes a new law of learning recent cultural objects (written language, mathematics), based on the dual process of "neuronal recycling + inhibitory control"
Ménoret, Mathilde. "Bases neuronales des interactions sociales non-verbales : implication du système moteur & hyperscanning." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10267/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis research investigated the impact of social interaction on motor activity, both ona behavioural and cerebral level. More precisely, the aim of the thesis was to characterise this modulation during simultaneous actions, when two participants interact, jointly or not, and to determine its functions. First , we studied the effect of action observation on motor execution. Coupling kinematics analysis and EEG recording, we gave evidence that the temporal time course of motor system activation was crucial for motor interference. We found that motor performances were facilitated by the observation of an action, only when execution and observation events were temporally coordinated. Second, we sought to characterise the influence of an interactive context on brain activity of two interacting participants through the coupling of dual-EEG and kinematic recordings. Thanks to the comparison of intra- and inter-individual brain activity of two participants that observed or performed individual or joint actions, we were able to highlight modulations of cerebral motor activity common in both participants as well as modulations of brain activity specific to the social context (human vs robot) and the role in the interaction (actor vs observer). Moreover, the inter-individual analysis revealed a coupling between the two participants' visual and motor brain areas during the joint action condition. Taken toghther, these results suggest that the motor system allows a tight coupling between interacting participants, mediated by temporal coupling that could facilitate the interaction and through an action-perception loop forming a common motor representation of the joint action
Camerano, Cristoforo. "Technological platforms for immaterial art." Thesis, Universita' degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/326.
Повний текст джерелаSchmidt, Stephanie Nicole Lyn [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Kirsch. "Neural mechanisms of social cognition – the mirror neuron system and beyond / Stephanie Nicole Lyn Schmidt ; Betreuer: Peter Kirsch." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205976841/34.
Повний текст джерелаGUIDALI, GIACOMO. "Cross-modal plasticity in sensory-motor cortices and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques: new ways to explore and modulate brain plasticity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/306484.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present doctoral thesis, I have explored whether Hebbian learning may rule the functioning of cross-modal and sensory-motor networks of the human brain. To this aim, during my doctorate, I have developed and tested two novel Paired Associative Stimulation (PAS) protocols, a class of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques in which a peripheral, sensory, stimulation is repeatedly paired with a Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) pulse to induce Hebbian associative plasticity. The two PAS protocols presented in my thesis target sensory-motor networks with mirror functioning, exploiting a visuo-tactile (cross-modal PAS), and a visuo-motor pathway (mirror PAS), respectively. In the first chapter of the present work, after a brief introduction to the concept of Hebbian associative plasticity, I will provide an exhaustive review of PAS protocols targeting sensory-motor systems, proposing a classification in three macro-categories: within-system, cross-systems, and cortico-cortical protocols, according to the characteristics of the paired stimulations. In the second chapter, I will describe the principal properties of the Mirror Neuron System (MNS) also considering its cross-modal (i.e., visuo-tactile) characteristics and the plastic mechanisms that are been hypothesize at the ground of the development of mirror neurons’ matching properties. In the third chapter, I will introduce the cross-modal PAS (cm-PAS), a novel cross-systems PAS developed to exploit the visuo-tactile mirroring properties of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) to induce Hebbian associative plasticity in such primary sensory region. In a series of three experiments, timing dependency (Experiment 1), cortical (Experiment 2), and visual specificity (Experiment 3) of the protocol have been tested, by measuring changes in participants’ tactile acuity. In Experiment 3, also possible neurophysiological changes within S1 has been assessed, recording somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP). Then, in a fourth experiment, cm-PAS timing dependency has been further investigated, testing the hypothesis that anticipatory, predictive-like, mechanisms within S1 may play a central role in the effectiveness of the protocol. In the fourth chapter, a second cross-systems PAS will be introduced: the mirror PAS (m-PAS) which exploits visuo-motor mirroring properties of the human brain. Differently from the cm-PAS, this second protocol targets visuo-motor integration within the MNS and aims at induce a novel, atypical, motor resonance phenomena (assessed recording motor-evoked potentials – MEPs) following Hebbian learning. In three experiments, timing dependency (Experiment 1), visual (Experiment 2), and cortical specificity (Experiment 3) of the protocol have been tested. Furthermore, in the third experiment, the behavioral effects of the m-PAS are explored, using an imitative compatibility task exploiting automatic imitation phenomenon. Finally, in the conclusive chapter, I will discuss theoretical, methodological, and clinical outcomes and future perspectives that arise from these two protocols and the related results.
Andréasson, Per. "Emotional Empathy, Facial Reactions, and Facial Feedback." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126825.
Повний текст джерелаFilimon, Flavia. "Multisensory and sensorimotor representations for action in human posterior parietal cortex investigated with functional MRI." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3320178.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed September 24, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-135).
Alismail, Eiman. "The role of familiarity and similarity in action understanding and imitation : investigating mirror neurons in Saudi children with ASD." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/47951/.
Повний текст джерелаSpinoglio, Francesco. "Las pirámides etnolingüísticas. Estudio contrastivo entre el español y el italiano basado en corpus." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459071.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, that explores the contrast between languages with the approach to the neuroscience, we realize a contrastive study in the field of the ethnolinguistics between Spanish and Italian, offering a visualization of data that we have named "ethnolinguistic pyramids". In order to carry out this study, three specific cultural spheres (religion, football and bulls) have been chosen and three basic hypotheses have been formulated: firstly, there are expressions where one can appreciate the influence of culture in the language; secondly, that it is possible to use corpora to show that the ethnolinguistic affinity between two similar languages, such as Spanish and Italian, is only partial, and, finally, with non-shared cultural spheres, as is the case of bulls in Spanish and Italian, the display of expressions presents significant differences. Instead of looking directly for expressions in specialized dictionaries, we have chosen to follow the inductive Data-driven method by a drawing conclusions and demonstrating the initial hypotheses from data analysis, the backbone of all research. To this end, a mixed methodology based on triangulation of data has been used, consisting of three steps: brainstorming to obtain the highest number of words, corpora search to go from occurrences to expressions and visualization of data in the pyramids to sort and analyze the selected expressions. With this methodology, we aim to find the greatest number of expressions related to the cultural sphere in question (objective A), to order and visualize the data obtained within a pyramid to perform a contrastive analysis between Spanish and Italian (objective B) and, finally, to show that culture influences each language differently, even between related cultural spheres, since it reflects the creativity of the speakers and the imitation processes of the human being thanks to the mirror neurons and also the historicity (objective C). Finally, the "ethnolinguistic pyramids" are intended to reflect aspects of the collective worldview in Spanish and Italian, identifiable from a data visualization that can help to better understand "the other peoples", facilitating cultural immersion and L2 learning.
Babic, Milos. "Molecular Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Transport in Neurons." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556433.
Повний текст джерелаGIROMINI, LUCIANO. "Human movement responses to the rorschach test and embodied simulation: an interdisciplinary investigation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28148.
Повний текст джерелаBerntsen, Monica. "Transcranial alternating current stimulation to areas associated with the human mirror neuron system reveals modulation to mu-suppression and corresponding behaviour." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17734/.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Ana Rita Carvalho dos. "Neurónios motores e a sua implicação na reabilitação do AVC." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/2529.
Повний текст джерелаApesar da melhoria considerável na prevenção e tratamento das doenças vasculares ao longo dos tempos, o AVC permanece uma das principais causas de incapacidade motora e cognitiva grave e a longo prazo. As últimas décadas contribuíram para a compreensão dos mecanismos que conduzem às alterações neuroplásticas após o AVC. Esta revisão irá focar-se na patofisiologia do AVC e nos principais conceitos de reabilitação nomeadamente a utilização do sistema de neurónios espelho que parece ser um importante coadjuvante na reabilitação funcional em associação com as terapias neurológicas convencionais. Despite the considerable improvement in the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases over the time, stroke remains a major cause of severe cognitive and motor disability and long term. The past decades have contributed to the understanding of the mechanisms that lead to neuroplastic changes after stroke. This review will focus on the pathophysiology of stroke and major rehabilitation concepts including the use of the mirror neuron system that appears to be an important tool for functional rehabilitation in combination with conventional neurological therapies.
Heister, Hilmar [Verfasser], Flora [Akademischer Betreuer] Veit-Wild, and Carrol [Akademischer Betreuer] Clarkson. "The sympathetic imagination in the novels of J.M. Coetzee : empathy and mirror neurons in literature / Hilmar Heister. Gutachter: Flora Veit-Wild ; Carrol Clarkson." Berlin : Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069938335/34.
Повний текст джерелаConcha, Iglesias José Manuel. "Tacto neuronal : diseño de una experiencia multisensorial para el Museo Interactivo Mirador." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114833.
Повний текст джерелаEl presente proyecto experimental “Tacto Neuronal” es el diseño de una interfaz de carácter multisensorial, con énfasis en lo multitouch, construida con propósitos lúdicos e interactivos, que en su génesis toma como idea base los conceptos de Autopoiesis y Acoplamiento Estructural (Maturana, Varela; 1994) y en lo concreto se expresará como una representación del espacio neuronal. Ha sido proyectada para el Museo Interactivo Mirador (MIM), específicamente en Sala Mente y Cerebro. El desarrollo de este documento se hila por una aproximación fenomenológica del diseño, además del registro de los procesos de auto-educación y experimentación a los cuales se sometió el autor para poder llevar a cabo sus ideas, en un área relativamente poco explorada de HCI (Human Computer Interaction) desde la perspectiva del diseño en la Universidad de Chile. En ningún caso el objetivo final de la investigación pretende ser una descripción educativa o dura del contenido neuro-científico, sino la elaboración de una experiencia multi-sensorial.
Honnold, Jeffrey L. "Toward a Working Theory of Neurorhetorics." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4077.
Повний текст джерелаROSSETTI, ANGELA. "I know how you feel coding others' somatosensory experience in the observer 's somatosensory cortex." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/81049.
Повний текст джерелаLA, ROCCA CONCETTA MARIA. "L'écriture des émotions: approches cognitives et neuro-esthétiques. Le cas de Boutès de Pascal Quignard." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11769/491006.
Повний текст джерелаCette thèse a comme objet d’étude l’écriture des émotions dans l’œuvre de Pascal Quignard, écrivain français de l’extrême contemporain. En particulier, notre travail se concentre sur l’analyse des éléments linguistiques et figuratifs qui sont présents dans Boutès, selon une perspective neuro-cognitive et neuro-esthétique. Depuis une quarantaine d’années, les sciences cognitives s’interrogent sur le rôle que notre système cérébral a dans toutes les formes de cognitions, telles que par exemple la mémoire, ou bien l’élaboration des émotions, l’apprentissage et la production du langage aussi. Au sein de cet ample domaine de recherche, nous avons cerné trois moments spécifiques qui ont donné impulsion à l’analyse du langage des émotions: Metaphor We Live By de G. Lakoff et M. Johnson, en 1980; What is Cognitive Poetics de R. Tsur, en 1983; et, en vers la fin des années 90, la découverte capitale des neurones miroirs. La première partie de cette thèse est dédiée à l’exposition, dans le cadre de l’étude des émotions, des théories principales des sciences cognitives et des neurosciences, en particulier de la poétique et de la linguistique cognitive. La deuxième partie est réservée à la présentation de Pascal Quignard, de sa vie et de ses œuvres majeures, Boutès in primis. La troisième partie est par contre dédiée à l’application au texte Boutès des théories déjà expliquées dans la première partie de la thèse et elle met en évidence le rôle des métaphores conceptuelles et des verbes de mouvement dans l’expérience émotive de l’écrivain et du lecteur. Enfin, dans la quatrième partie, nous analysons le rôle des images et de la danse dans Boutès, en faisant dialoguer ce dernier ouvrage avec un autre, Medea. Image et danse sont en effet des manifestations de l’écriture des émotions de Quignard, qui scellent le lien, fort depuis toujours, chez cet écrivain, entre ces deux arts et la littérature et que nous examinons selon une approche neuro-esthétique.
Innocenti, A. "IL RUOLO DEL SISTEMA MOTORIO NELLA COMPRENSIONE VERBALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/233155.
Повний текст джерелаAshrafi, Ghazaleh. "Trafficking and Turnover in Neuronal Axons." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13070049.
Повний текст джерела