Статті в журналах: "Neuro-Endocrinology"

1

Hannah-Shmouni, Fady, Constantine A. Stratakis, and Christian A. Koch. "Flushing in (neuro)endocrinology." Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 17, no. 3 (September 2016): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11154-016-9394-8.

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2

Rensburg, Hendrik. "The neuro-endocrinology of eating." Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 8 (December 2014): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.156.

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3

Hooghe-Peters, E. L., E. Teugels, F. Roels, B. Velkeniers, and L. Vanhaelst. "Quantitative in Situ Hybridization in Neuro-Endocrinology." Pathology - Research and Practice 187, no. 5 (June 1991): 564–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0344-0338(11)80144-5.

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4

Koch, Christian A., and Alessandro Antonelli. "Immunoendocrinology: When (neuro)endocrinology and immunology meet." Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 19, no. 4 (December 2018): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11154-018-9479-7.

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5

Behrens, Maik, and Wolfgang Meyerhof. "A role for taste receptors in (neuro)endocrinology?" Journal of Neuroendocrinology 31, no. 3 (February 19, 2019): e12691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jne.12691.

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6

Paus, R., A. Kromminga, S. Hasse, M. Laugsch, W. Jelkmann, B. E. Wenzel, and E. Bodó. "New frontiers in human hair follicle (neuro-)endocrinology." Experimental Dermatology 15, no. 8 (June 28, 2008): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00439h.x.

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7

Paus, Ralf, Petra Arck, and Stephan Tiede. "(Neuro-)endocrinology of epithelial hair follicle stem cells." Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 288, no. 1-2 (June 2008): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2008.02.023.

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8

Méndez, Arturo Salame, and Héctor Serrano. "Neuro-Endocrinology of Amphibians and Reptiles: An Overview." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 9, no. 2 (2023): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2023.v09i02.001.

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9

Paus, Professor Ralf. "‘Perspectives in dermato-endocrinology’: (neuro-)endocrinology of epithelial hair follicle stem cells: Charting terra incognita." Experimental Dermatology 17, no. 7 (July 2008): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00742_14.x.

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10

Tandon, Rajiv, and Uma Suryadevara. "Psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrinology of schizophrenia: Back to the future." Asian Journal of Psychiatry 26 (April 2017): A1—A2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2017.03.027.

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11

Janss, Anna J., Adda Grimberg, Robert Ferry, and Gordon Heller. "Neuro-oncology-endocrinology interface: A patient who earned her salt." Medical and Pediatric Oncology 33, no. 4 (October 1999): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(199910)33:4<413::aid-mpo17>3.0.co;2-h.

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12

Ghosh, Atri, Dr Santosh Rahinj, Dr Mayur Shiralkar, Minal Rahinj, Pallavi Jagtap, Aiswarya Krishna, and Deeksha Katna. "The Concept of Neuro-ophthalmology in the Context of Ayurveda." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 3 (October 9, 2023): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i3.327.

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The academic specialization of neuro-ophthalmology combines the sciences of neurology and ophthalmology and frequently deals with complicated systemic disorders that appear in the visual system. Initially completing a residency in either neurology or ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmologists then pursue a fellowship in a related specialty. A thorough medical history and physical examination are required and neuro-ophthalmologists frequently spend a lot of time with their patients because diagnostic tests can be normal in individuals with substantial neuro-ophthalmic disease1. Common pathology referred to a neuro-ophthalmologist includes afferent visual system disorders (e.g. optic neuritis, optic neuropathy, papilledema, brain tumors or strokes) and efferent visual system disorders (e.g. anisocoria, diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, nystagmus, and blepharospas, seizures of the eye or eye muscles, and hemifacial spasm). The North American Neuro-Ophthalmological Society (NANOS) 2, which hosts an annual congress and disseminates the Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology, is the biggest worldwide organization of neuro-ophthalmologists. Large university-based medical centers frequently employ neuro-ophthalmologists as faculty members. The neuro-ophthalmologist frequently serves as a liaison between the ophthalmology department and other departments at the medical Centre since patients frequently have co-existing disorders in other domains (rheumatology, endocrinology, cancer, cardiology, etc.)3. In Ayurveda concept of patala is very much required to understand the diseases of neuro ophthalmology. When vitiated dosha reaches at particular patala then particular symptom is seen. According to Susruta when vitiated doshas reaches in 1st, 2nd and 3rd patala it is known as Timir, vitiated doshas reaches in 3rd patala and ragata prapti occurs (pigmentation) it is known as Kacha. Vitiated doshas reaches in 4th patala it is known as Linganasha.According to Vagbhata, vitiated doshas reaches in 1st, 2nd patala it is known as Timir. vitiated doshas reaches in 2rd patala and ragata prapti occurs (pigmentation) it is known as Kacha vitiated doshas reaches in 4th patala it is known as Linganasha4. In this Review article we try to find out the co relation between different diseases in neuro ophthalmology and different Dristi gata roga.

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13

Pattanayak, Shibabrata. "Psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrinology: Study of the key factors of disease creation." Exploratory Animal and Medical Research 14, no. 2 (December 30, 2024): 164–71. https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/14.2.164-171.

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14

Komotar, Ricardo J., Christopher P. Kellner, and Jeffrey N. Bruce. "Update on the Surgical Management of Craniopharyngiomas." US Neurology 06, no. 01 (2010): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usn.2010.06.01.99.

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Despite advances in microsurgical and skull base techniques, the surgical treatment of craniopharyngiomas continues to pose a challenge to surgeons. Controversy continues to exist between proponents of subtotal resection in conjunction with radiotherapy, who argue that this less aggressive approach can yield equivalent control rates with lower morbidity, and others who argue for the superiority of gross total resection. Regardless of whether gross total or subtotal resection is the goal, surgical planning must include a thorough endocrine and neuro-ophthamologic evaluation as well as imaging, and the approach, whether trans-sphenoidal or transcranial, must take into account the nature of the tumor and its location. In addition, optimal management of craniopharyngiomas must consist of individualized and multidisciplinary therapy including an array of subspecialty fields such as endocrinology, neuro-ophthalmology, neuropsychology, and radiation oncology.

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15

Dahl, Christine, Nicola Farrell, Nicola Blount, ryan Mould, Angela Simcox, Charlotte Malcolm, Anita Freeman, et al. "OTHR-33. INTRODUCTION OF A MULTIDICIPLINARY NEURO ONCOLOGY LONG TERM FOLLOW UP CLINIC." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (June 1, 2022): i154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.571.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: The number of children and young people (CYP) surviving brain tumours is increasing annually with a doubling of 5-year survival over the last 40 years. More than two-thirds of these survivors suffer multiple long-term co-morbidities (“late effects”) from their tumour and/ or treatment(s) necessitating lifelong multiprofessional follow-up. This results in multiple appointments and increases the burden of care on patients. Method/Project description To establish a collaborative multidisciplinary “one stop shop” long-term follow-up clinic for CYP >5 years from the end of neuro-oncological treatment to the reduce the need for multiple hospital appointments and to provide holistic assessment and care.The first clinic began in January 2020 as a collaboration between the departments of neuro-oncology, endocrinology, neuropsychology, psychology, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. RESULTS: We have audited the last 60 patients seen in clinic in 2 years and the services they required both in and out of clinic are noted below: Endocrinology – 58 patients Educational help and formal neuropsychology (44 and 39 respectively) There are significant emotional problems in the group and 32 saw clinical psychology and 13 were referred to CAMHS. Physical function issues – 31 saw both physiotherapy and occupational therapy. 10 required referral to orthopaedics Neurology and neurosurgery (13 and 11 respectively) Visual impairment – 33 saw ophthalmology Hearing problems – 17 saw audiology Other organ dysfunction – 4 saw cardiology and 3 urology. We have some feedback data on patient and parent satisfaction with the clinic which shows 92% (13 of 14) families preferred to be seen in the MDT setting rather than by separate clinicians. DISCUSSION: Few models of similar multidisciplinary neuro-oncology long-term follow-up clinics exist in the UK with a lack of streamlined funding, despite recognition from families and professionals about their utility.

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16

Gonzalez-Campoy, J. Michael, Bruce Richardson, Conor Richardson, David Gonzalez-Cameron, Ayesha Ebrahim, Pamela Strobel, Tiphani Martinez, et al. "Bariatric Endocrinology: Principles of Medical Practice." International Journal of Endocrinology 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/917813.

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Obesity, is a chronic, biological, preventable, and treatable disease. The accumulation of fat mass causes physical changes (adiposity), metabolic and hormonal changes due to adipose tissue dysfunction (adiposopathy), and psychological changes. Bariatric endocrinology was conceived from the need to address the neuro-endocrinological derangements that are associated with adiposopathy, and from the need to broaden the scope of the management of its complications. In addition to the well-established metabolic complications of overweight and obesity, adiposopathy leads to hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia, hypoadiponectinemia, dysregulation of gut peptides including GLP-1 and ghrelin, the development of an inflammatory milieu, and the strong risk of vascular disease. Therapy for adiposopathy hinges on effectively lowering the ratio of orexigenic to anorexigenic signals reaching the the hypothalamus and other relevant brain regions, favoring a lower caloric intake. Adiposopathy, overweight and obesity should be treated indefinitely with the specific aims to reduce fat mass for the adiposity complications, and to normalize adipose tissue function for the adiposopathic complications. This paper defines the principles of medical practice in bariatric endocrinology—the treatment of overweight and obesity as means to treat adiposopathy and its accompanying metabolic and hormonal derangements.

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17

Gagneja, Sakshi. "Abstract 48: A typical neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting as overgrowth syndrome." Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 26, Suppl 1 (March 2022): S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.342165.

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A 6 years old boy presented to the endocrinology department as unilateral left leg overgrowth since birth. Limb discrepancy had been negligible at birth but became evident as the child gained height and further he developed a limping gait by 2 years of age. On examination, he had multiple café au lait spots of > 5 mm over the body and hyperpigmentation on anterolateral aspect of left leg which turned out to be a venous malformation on color Doppler and MRI of the leg. There was no other neuro cutaneous marker and no family history of similar illness or any other neuro cutaneous lesions or any abdominal malignancy. A probable diagnosis of segmental overgrowth syndrome was made with associated café au laits. We wanted to rule out syndromic cause for the same, so patient was advised clinical whole exome sequencing. Genetic result revealed atypical NF1 with heterogenous 3’ splice site variation in intron 36 of the NF1 gene. We hereby report rare presentation of neurofibromatosis as segmental overgrowth syndrome.

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18

Komotar, Ricardo J., Christopher P. Kellner, and Jeffrey N. Bruce. "Update on the Surgical Management of Craniopharyngiomas." European Neurological Review 5, no. 1 (2010): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/enr.2010.05.01.107.

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Despite advances in microsurgical and skull base techniques, the surgical treatment of craniopharyngiomas continues to pose a challenge to surgeons. Controversy continues to exist between proponents of subtotal resection in conjunction with radiotherapy, who argue that this less aggressive approach can yield equivalent control rates with lower morbidity, and others who argue for the superiority of gross total resection. Regardless of whether gross total or subtotal resection is the goal, surgical planning must include a thorough endocrine and neuroophthamological evaluation as well as imaging, and the approach, whether trans-sphenoidal or transcranial, must take into account the nature of the tumour and its location. In addition, optimal management of craniopharyngiomas must consist of individualised and multidisciplinary therapy including an array of subspeciality fields such as endocrinology, neuro-ophthalmology, neuropsychology and radiation oncology.

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19

Chakraborty, Satyam, Mona Tiwari, Rajan Palui, Kajari Bhattacharya, and Kalyan Kumar Gangopadhyay. "Dome-Shaped Pituitary Enlargement in Primary Hypothyroidism: Avoiding Neurosurgical Interventions." Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 35, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15605/jafes.035.02.14.

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We describe three cases of primary hypothyroidism which presented initially to neurosurgery department with pituitary hyperplasia. We have found a novel pattern of ‘dome shaped’ enlargement of pituitary in MRI of these patients. Out of these 3 patients, in two of them, the planned surgery was deferred when endocrinologists were consulted and the pituitary hyperplasia completely resolved with levothyroxine treatment. In the third case, pituitary surgery was already performed before endocrinology consultation and histopathology revealed thyrotroph hyperplasia. The hyperplastic lesions described typically have a homogenous symmetrical ‘dome’ shaped architecture unlike the non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA), which usually might often be of varying shapes and homogeneity. Analysis of pituitary images from similar case reports published in literature, also showed this typical ‘dome’ shaped pituitary enlargement. This imaging characteristic can be a clue to look for underlying hormone deficiency, especially in primary hypothyroidism. Therefore, a thorough endocrine evaluation especially looking for primary hypothyroidism in such dome shaped pituitary lesions are mandatory to prevent unwarranted neuro-surgical intervention as treatment of primary hypothyroidism may result in resolution of the abnormal enlargement.

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20

Eliakim, Alon. "Endocrinology and Pediatric Exercise Science—2016." Pediatric Exercise Science 29, no. 1 (February 2017): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2017-0013.

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The Pediatric Exercise Science Year That Was section aims to highlight the most important (to the author’s opinion) manuscripts that were published in 2016 in the field of endocrinology and pediatric exercise science. This year’s selection includes studies showing that 1) Induction of T4 to T3 conversion by type 2 deiodinase following aerobic exercise in skeletal muscles was associated with concomitant increase in peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-γ coactivator-1α, and mitochondrial oxidative capacity and therefore plays an important mechanistic role in the muscle adaptation to exercise training. 2) Hypothyroidism in fetal and early postnatal life was associated with impaired spatial learning and memory and with reduced hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor in male and female rat pups. Forced (treadmill) and voluntary (wheel) exercise alleviated all these biochemical and neuro-cognitive deficits. 3) The relationship between different exercise intensities and carbohydrate requirements to maintain euglycemia at basal insulin levels among adolescent and young adults with Type 1 diabetes are nonlinear but rather inverted- U with no exogenous glucose required to maintain stable glucose level at high-intensity exercise (80%). The implication of these studies to the pediatric population, their importance and the new research avenues that were opened by these studies is emphasized.

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21

Wong, CK, HY Yeung, NK Mak, GE DiMattia, DK Chan, and GF Wagner. "Effects of dibutyryl cAMP on stanniocalcin and stanniocalcin-related protein mRNA expression in neuroblastoma cells." Journal of Endocrinology 173, no. 1 (April 1, 2002): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1730199.

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Stanniocalcin is a polypeptide hormone that was first reported in fish as a regulator of mineral metabolism. Its recent identification in mammals has opened a new area of investigation in basic and clinical endocrinology. In the present study, regulation of the stanniocalcin (STC) and stanniocalcin related protein (STCrP) genes were investigated in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A) in relation to neuronal cell differentiation. Neuro-2A is an undifferentiated cell line that contains measurable levels of STCrP mRNA, but undetectable levels of STC mRNA. Treatment of the cells with either dbcAMP (1-4 mM) or 50 microM euxanthone (PW1) resulted in extensive differentiation and neurite outgrowth. However, only neurites of dbcAMP-treated cells developed varicosities, a phenotypic marker of axon formation. Furthermore, following differentiation induced by dbcAMP, there was an upregulation of STC and downregulation of STCrP mRNA levels. In the first 24 and 48 h of treatments, there was a maximum twofold induction and 1.5-fold reduction in STC and STCrP mRNAs respectively. Following 96 h of treatment, an additional 14-fold STC induction and 1.2-fold STCrP reduction were observed. The increase in STC mRNA levels was accompanied by a concomitant increase in axon-specific low molecular form microtubule-associated protein (MAP-2c) mRNA and varicosities on the neurites, suggesting a possible role for STC in axonogenesis. There was no induction of STC mRNA levels when PW1 was added into the culture media, whereas ionomycin (1-10 microM) had no observable effects on cell differentiation or STC/STCrP mRNA. Immunocytochemical staining of dbcAMP-treated cells revealed abundant levels of immunoreactive STC, particularly in the varicosities, with only weak staining in control, untreated cells. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides transfection studies indicated that the expression of STC was a cause of varicosity formation and a consequence of cell differentiation. Our findings lend further support to the notion that STC is involved in the process of neural differentiation.

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22

Saraiva, Joana, Leonor Gomes, Sandra Paiva, Luisa Ruas, and Manuela Carvalheiro. "Giant macroprolactinoma and pregnancy." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 57, no. 7 (October 2013): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302013000700010.

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Prolactinomas are a common cause of gonadal dysfunction and infertility. We present the case of a 38-year-old woman with history of amenorrhea and infertility. At seven weeks of pregnancy she presented neuro-ophthalmologic complaints of headaches, diplopia, and right ptosis. The work-up study revealed an invasive pituitary macroadenoma with a maximum diameter of 9 cm and serum prolactin of 25,800 ng/mL (3-20). At 12 weeks, she was referred to the Endocrinology Department of the Coimbra University Hospital and started therapy with bromocriptine, initially 5 mg/day and then at crescent doses. Hyperprolactinemia was rapidly and drastically reduced to 254 ng/mL three weeks after taking bromocriptine 15 mg/day. Tumoral volume was reduced and there was improvement of III pair paresis. At 38 weeks, a male healthy baby was born. This is a relevant clinical case that illustrates the efficacy and safety of bromocriptine therapy during pregnancy, even in severe cases like this one.

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23

McLaughlin, Nancy, Edward R. Laws, Nelson M. Oyesiku, Laurence Katznelson, and Daniel F. Kelly. "Pituitary Centers of Excellence." Neurosurgery 71, no. 5 (August 16, 2012): 916–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31826d5d06.

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Abstract Pituitary tumors and associated neuroendocrine disorders pose significant challenges in diagnostic and therapeutic management. Optimal care of the “pituitary patient” is best provided in a multidisciplinary collaborative environment that includes not only experienced pituitary practitioners in neurosurgery and endocrinology, but also in otorhinolaryngological surgery, radiation oncology, medical oncology, neuro-ophthalmology, diagnostic and interventional neuroradiology, and neuropathology. We provide the background and rationale for recognizing pituitary centers of excellence and suggest a voluntary verification process, similar to that used by the American College of Surgeons for Trauma Center verification. We propose that pituitary centers of excellence should fulfill 3 key missions: (1) provide comprehensive care and support to patients with pituitary disorders; (2) provide residency training, fellowship training, and/or continuing medical education in the management of pituitary and neuroendocrine disease; and (3) contribute to research in pituitary disorders. As this is a preliminary proposal, we recognize several issues that warrant further consideration including center and surgeon practice volume as well as oversight of the verification process.

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24

Rössler, W. "Nutrition, sleep, physical exercise: Impact on mental health." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.804.

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Until recently nutrition and various other lifestyle factors were predominantly in the focus of medical disciplines like cardiology, endocrinology or gastroenterology. As mental disorders are multifactorial diseases and as such are complex, emerging evidence suggests that nutrition, exercise and sleep also play an important role in the aetiology, progression and treatment of mental disorders. In this regard research has mostly focused on depression and anxiety, but there is also evidence for other mental disorders like schizophrenia or autism. Some details concerning the relationship between diet and sleep on neuro-transmitter processes, immune-inflammatory pathways or oxidative stress will be demonstrated.Modifications of life style factors and diet are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic options. Mostly used are nutrient-based supplements and essential elements in combination. But also healthy diet patterns with a high intake of vegetable, fruits and fish have proven beneficial in the treatment. If we better understand the microbiota-gut-brain axis and its impact on behavior, mood and cognitive processes, diet and lifestyle factors can not only contribute to the treatment but also to the prevention of mental disorders.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

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25

Signorini, Andrea. "Pharmacology and similia principle: indirect secondary counter-regulation. Confirmation from in vitro experiments and classical provings." International Journal of High Dilution Research - ISSN 1982-6206 10, no. 35 (December 23, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v10i35.452.

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Homeopathy is universally known as an opponent of allopathic Medicine, namely scientific medicine based on ponderal drugs and recognised mechanisms of receptor agonism and antagonism following the dose-response curve. Over time the difficulty to explain with arguments the action of homeopathic ultra-diluted remedies has led many homeopaths to distance themselves from any pharmacological knowledges. Nevertheless this position fortgets not only the modalities in which homeopathy was born and has grown, but a lot of modern changes of view in body-mind communication, cell communication, neuro-immune-endocrinology and bioelectromagnetism, that could give new reasons to treat as clinical homeopathic practice is teaching and to recognize the principle of similars as a modern pharmacological principle. These arguments, receptorial cell communication, bioelectromagnetism and body-mind unity are the bases of Homeopathy and of the Similia Principle and are all included in embryonic but sufficiently clear considerations in the fundamental book of Hahnemann, the Organon (parr. 11, 13, 15-18, 21, 22, 29-32, 63-70). Two kind of evidences confirm the pharmacological bases of SimiliaPriniciple, in vitro experiments and homeopathic pathogenetic trials on healthy volunteers, best known as provings. Even clinical homeopathic phenomena like initial aggravation and return of old symptoms confirm this pharmacological view of the Simila Principle.

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26

Tamminedi, Nitin. "Abstract 104: A case of large adrenal teratoma: Masquerading as adrenal myelolipoma." Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 26, Suppl 1 (March 2022): S37—S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.342225.

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Introduction: Teratomas are neoplasms which have their origin from one or usually all three germ cell layers, i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Most common sites involved are gonads. Other common extra-gonadal sites are mediastinal, sacro-coccygeal and pineal regions. Among the retroperitoneal teratomas, primary adrenal teratomas are very rare with an incidence rate of 0.13%. Here, we report a case of large adrenal teratoma which was misdiagnosed radiologically as adrenal myelolipoma. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old female presented to Endocrinology out-patient services with left hypochondriac pain for the last one year. Her clinical examination was normal. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of abdomen revealed a left sided large adrenal mass measuring 11.2 x 10 x 10 cm showing fat attenuating lesion with enhancing soft tissue component, internal septation, and coarse calcifications and was reported as adrenal myelolipoma by the radiologist. However, the review by Endocrinologist lead to suspicion of adrenal teratoma as the areas of calcification, in fact, had typical bone formation with cortex and medullary components. Patient underwent left adrenalectomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the lesion as mature cystic teratoma with microscopic foci of papillary carcinoma of thyroid and neuro endocrine tumour. Conclusion: Even though adrenal teratomas are usually benign, malignant transformation may occur. Hence, it is important to make a proper diagnosis of the condition for appropriate management. Imaging characteristics of medullary component in the calcification areas should suggest the possibility of adrenal teratoma over other adrenal lesions with calcifications.

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27

Lawrence, A. J., and J. M. Soame. "The endocrine control of reproduction in Nereidae: a new multi-hormonal model with implications for their functional role in a changing environment." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1534 (November 27, 2009): 3363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0127.

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Nereidae are vital to the functioning of estuarine ecosystems and are major components in the diets of over-wintering birds and commercial fish. They use environmental cues to synchronize reproduction. Photoperiod is the proximate cue, initiating vitellogenesis in a temperature-compensated process. The prevailing paradigm in Nereidae is of a single ‘juvenile’ hormone controlling growth and reproduction. However, a new multi-hormone model is presented here that integrates the environmental and endocrine control of reproduction. This is supported by evidence from in vitro bioassays. The juvenile hormone is shown to be heat stable and cross reactive between species. In addition, a second neuro-hormone, identified here as a gonadotrophic hormone, is shown to be present in mature females and is found to promote oocyte growth. Furthermore, dopamine and melatonin appear to switch off the juvenile hormone while serotonin and oxytocin promote oocyte growth. Global warming is likely to uncouple the phase relationship between temperature and photoperiod, with significant consequences for Nereidae that use photoperiod to cue reproduction during the winter in northern latitudes. Genotypic adaptation of the photoperiodic response may be possible, but significant impacts on fecundity, spawning success and recruitment are likely in response to short-term extreme events. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals may also impact on putative steroid hormone pathways in Nereidae with similar consequences. These impacts may have significant implications for the functional role of Nereidae and highlight the importance of comparative endocrinology studies in these and other invertebrates.

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28

Jurysta, F. "How to Relate Two Specific Concepts: Sexual Health and Sexual Minority?" European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1796.

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IntroductionWHO defines Sexual Health as “a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality… and requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence”.OCD-10 defines Transsexualism as “the desire to live and be accepted as a member of the opposite sex, usually accompanied by the wish to make his or her body as congruent as possible with the preferred sex through surgery and hormone treatment. The transsexual identity has been present persistently for at least two years. The disorder is not a symptom of another mental disorder or a chromosomal abnormality”.ObjectiveWe developed an integrative model in 4 axes to approach Sexual Health concept and Transsexualism.AimsHolistic and integrative model of transsexualism gives a better understanding of this disorder and ameliorates global treatment. Moreover, this model should be applied to each sexual minority.Results1. Etiology integrates psychological, biological and neuro-developmental aspects. 2. Clinical features for treatment imply large and multidisciplinary approach. 3. Scientific literature includes more than thousand papers on Transsexualism and numerous expertises as endocrinology, psychiatry, cardiology, sleep… 4. Social networks are developed in hospitals, associations… as well as between patients themselves.ConclusionsHolistic and integrative approach of Sexual Minority as Transsexualism could reach Sexual Health concept defined by WHO.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Bennett, Julie, Liana Nobre, Eric Bouffet, Oussama Abla, Jonathan Wasserman, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, and Ute Bartels. "GCT-75. ISOLATED PITUITARY STALK THICKENING." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.291.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES Only few studies have examined the predictive factors and outcome of isolated pituitary stalk thickening (PST) in children. We aim to describe our institutional cohort to determine predictors of future malignancy. METHODS A search of the radiology, endocrinology and neuro-oncology databases was performed to identify patients with isolated PST diagnosed between January 2000 and June 2019. Clinical data was collected. A detailed radiology review of baseline and follow up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was undertaken in a blinded fashion by two examiners. RESULTS Forty-four patients were identified, with 37 meeting criteria for isolated PST and adequate imaging. Median age of baseline MRI was 9.9 years (range 0.9–17.5). Twenty-three were female (62%). Median follow up time was 5 (0.31–18.6) years. Indication for MRI was symptoms of diabetes insipidus (DI) in 28 patients with the remainder having other concerns for endocrine disturbance (7), headache (1) or visual impairment (1). Thirty-five subjects had pituitary dysfunction (95%), including 30 with diabetes insipidus (81%). Nine patients developed a malignancy (24%), with germinoma (5), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (3) and lymphoma (1) at a median of 0.36 years, 0.63 years and 1.1 years respectively. Elevated white blood cell count (>5 x 106/L) in initial cerebrospinal fluid analysis was predictive of future diagnosis of germinoma or lymphoma (p=0.027). CONCLUSION In this cohort 24% of children with PST were eventually diagnosed with a neoplasia after a median of 0.63 years. Pleocytosis in initial CSF samples was predictive for future development of germinoma or lymphoma.

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Hemenway, Molly, Kathleen Dorris, Amy Rydin, Thomas Inge, Megan Kelsey, Todd Hankinson, Suzanne Paul, Matthew Haemer, and Jaime Moore. "NURS-12. MAKING SURVIVORS HEALTHIER: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO HYPOTHALAMIC OBESITY." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.631.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Pediatric survivors of hypothalamic/suprasellar tumors have significant morbidities that greatly impact their quality of life. Management of hypothalamic obesity has traditionally fallen between multiple subspecialties without a timely and comprehensive approach. METHODS A multidisciplinary group of key players from neuro-oncology, endocrinology, nutrition, neurosurgery, and bariatric surgery were identified. Through this collaboration, a clinical algorithm for early identification of and intervention for hypothalamic obesity was developed. The goal of the quality improvement process is to increase the number of encounters with a registered dietitian (RD) with earlier and more consistent referrals to a specialized, multidisciplinary weight management program [Lifestyle Medicine; (LM)] for counseling and pharmacologic interventions. Indications for referral to LM were BMI >95th percentile, crossing >2 BMI percentiles on growth curve and/or hyperphagia symptoms. A retrospective review of pediatric patients who have suprasellar/ hypothalamic tumors was also conducted. Data collected included demographics, tumor type, BMI, RD visit, and LM clinic referral/visit. RESULTS Fifty patients were identified for analysis six months following clinical algorithm institution. Thirty-three (66%) patients had craniopharyngioma, 15 (30%) had low-grade gliomas, and two (4%) had germ cell tumors. Thirty-three (66%) patients were noted to be obese (defined as BMI >95th percentile) at review. The median BMI of the entire cohort was 93rd (range, 1st-137th) percentile. Thirty-four (68%) patients had been seen by an RD. Twenty-seven (82%) of the obese patients had been referred to LM. CONCLUSIONS The development and implementation of the process for hypothalamic obesity prevention and intervention will be discussed.

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Cacciotti, Chantel, Adam Fleming, JoAnn Duckworth, Hanna Tseitlin, Loretta Anderson, and Stacey Marjerrison. "QOL-46. LATE EFFECTS CARE FOR CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMOUR SURVIVORS: A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.702.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Childhood and adolescent brain tumor survivors are at risk for considerable late morbidity and mortality from their disease and the treatment they receive. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and tumor location all have the potential to impact the physical, psychological, functional and social health of these survivors. Comprehensive late effects care may mitigate these risks, but the necessary elements of this care model is unclear. We describe a quality-improvement initiative to improve the long-term follow-up (LTFU) care provided to brain tumour survivors at the McMaster Children’s Hospital. METHODS An anonymous needs assessment circulated to health providers was used to evaluate the LTFU practices. Utilizing this feedback as well as the LTFU guidelines from the Children’s Oncology Group a care plan was made for these survivors. RESULTS 17 of 33 (52%) health care staff responded to the survey, this included 70% physicians or nurse practitioners, and 30% nurses and allied health staff. Improvements suggested included consistent inclusion of additional care providers (i.e. social work, dietitians, endocrinology) reported by 76%, as well as a need for improved patient education and surveillance for late effects of therapy. CONCLUSION Treatment summaries with surveillance care plans and LTFU resources were created for all survivors of childhood brain tumours at risk of treatment-related complications. Late effects counselling with distribution of these materials is ongoing as part of this quality improvement initiative. To provide comprehensive management, a neuro-oncology specific late effects programs with multi-disciplinary support is essential for the care of brain tumour survivors.

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Prasad, Maya, Kalasekhar Vijayasekharan Nair, Rahul Krishnatry, Girish Chinnaswamy, Tejpal Gupta, and Sudha Rao. "LINC-07. PREVALENCE AND SPECTRUM OF EARLY ENDOCRINE DISORDERS IN SURVIVORS OF PEDIATRIC EMBRYONAL BRAIN TUMORS (PEBT): EXPERIENCE FROM INDIA." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.442.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Survivors of pediatric brain tumors are at high risk of developing endocrine disorders, potentially impacting growth,development and quality of life. METHODS etrospective audit of 2-year survivors of PEBT(3-18years at diagnosis)viz. medulloblastoma(MB),Central nervous system Primitive neuro-ectodermal tumors(CNS-PNET) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor(ATRT) treated January 2006-December 2017 at Tata Memorial Centre,Mumbai, with surgery, cranio-spinal irradiation(CSI; 35Gy in high-risk MB,CNS-PNET,ATRT and 23.4Gy in average-risk MB with tumor boost 19.8Gy)and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy(cyclophosphamide,cisplatin and vincristine).Patients were followed up by a paediatric endocrinology team specialized in management of PEBT. RESULTS Of 249 PEBT treated during this period,88 are alive in remission >2 years (69-MB, 15-CNS PNET,4-ATRT),median age at diagnosis 6 years. At a median follow-up of 5.6 years (range 3- 12.5years),63 patients(72%) had at least one endocrine disorder,26(29.%)≥2 hormonal deficiencies. The most common endocrine disorders were central hypothyroidism(57%),growth hormone deficiency(40%), central hypogonadism(5%)and central hypoadrenalism (3.5%).The median time to develop hypothyroidism was 2.8 years(range 5months to 8.5 years) from CSI. Growth hormone replacement therapy began after a median period of 4.2 years(range-1.5 to 11.5years) from CSI. Higher dose of CSI was associated with development of endocrine disorder (odds ratio [OR] 2.71; 95% CI, 1.03 to 7.04,p-0.04). CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of endocrine deficits in survivors of PEBT necessitates early and lifelong monitoring. Early and appropriate management is crucial to achieve full growth potential.

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Davidson, Alan, Anthony Figaji, Komala Pillay, Marc Hendricks, Thuran Naiker, and Jeannette Parkes. "LGG-42. TWENTY YEARS OF PROGRESS IN MANAGING LOW GRADE GLIOMA: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN’S COMBINED PAEDIATRIC NEURO-ONCOLOGY SERVICE FROM 2001 TO 2022." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_4 (June 18, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae064.433.

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Abstract BACKGROUND This study aimed to review the management of childhood low grade gliomas (WHO I and II) by the University of Cape Town’s combined neuro-oncology service at Red Cross War Memorial Children’s and Groote Schuur Hospitals. METHODS All patients diagnosed with low grade glioma between 2001 and 2022 were included in this retrospective study. Real time decision-making during the study period was achieved via a weekly neuroimaging meeting, and surveillance by a combined monthly clinic attended by paediatric endocrinology and educational psychology. Despite state of the art surgical and radiotherapy facilities, molecular diagnostics, monoclonal antibodies and small molecules were only available to selected patients. RESULTS Among 129 children, aged 0.38 to 14.58 years [median 5.36], six had Tuberous Sclerosis and 11 had Neurofibromatosis-1. The commonest sites were cerebellum (26%), hypothalamus (17%) and optic pathway (16%), and 12 patients (9%) had metastatic disease, mostly grade I supratentorial tumours. Twenty-three patients were diagnosed on imaging without histology, six of whom were biopsied subsequently, yielding a total of 96 grade I and 16 grade II tumours. Initial management was expectant in 16% (including 8 of the 11 Nf-1 tumours), surgery in the form of debulking or total resection in 53%, chemotherapy in 24% and radiotherapy in 8%. Ultimately 36% received chemotherapy and 29% radiotherapy (almost all of them focal RT), and only 16% of those treated with radiotherapy progressed. Estimated 5-year Overall Survival (OS) and Progression Free Survival (PFS) was 90.5% and 52.6% for the whole group. Patients treated with chemotherapy had an OS of 87.2% and a PFS of 39.2%. PFS and OS were inferior for metastatic disease but not for grade II tumours. CONCLUSIONS Low grade glioma can be managed effectively in a middle-income country setting. Multidisciplinary team management is crucial to achieving positive outcomes regardless of context.

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Fujiwara, Mariana Tazima, Karla Borges Daniel, Marília Bortolotto Felippe Trentin, Murilo Oliveira Cerci, and Heraldo Mendes Garmes. "Pituitary Hyperplasia Secondary to Primary Hypothyroidism Mimicking a Macroadenoma With Optical Chiasm Compression." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A599—A600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1222.

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Abstract Background: A long term untreated primary hypothyroidism can stimulate thyrotropes proliferation, leading to pituitary hyperplasia. This condition is known as pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism (PHPH). It is a rare condition that mimics pituitary adenoma and can achieve large proportions with optic chiasm compression. A misdiagnosis may be catastrophic, and a pituitary resection wrongly performed. Clinical Case: A 25-year-old woman with a medical history of delayed neuro psychomotor development and epilepsy due to congenital CNS malformation had a Brain MRI performed for epilepsy follow-up three years earlier. At that time, neuroimaging had shown a pituitary enlargement, and laboratory data were diagnostic of severe primary hypothyroidism with TSH of 290.6 uUI/mL (normal range 0.4 to 4.5 uUI/mL) and T4L <0.23 ng/dL (normal range: 0.9 to 1.8 ng/dL). She then had received a 75 mcg levothyroxine prescription. However, the patient missed medical follow-up and returned three years later, when sella turcica MRI showed a 0.9x1.0x1,4 cm pituitary lesion, consistent with a macroadenoma with suprasellar extent near the optic chiasm. Because of the cognitive impairment, the patient was not able to complete the visual field test. Neurology service referred the patient to endocrinology evaluation for surgical treatment. Hypothyroidism was still uncontrolled with TSH 157.1 uUI/mL and T4L 0.28 ng/dL. We had adjusted the levothyroxine dose to 125 mcg and advised adherence. Subsequent thyroid function tests had shown TSH 6.91 uUI/mL and T4L 1.15 ng/dL. After thyroid function stabilization, the patient performed a new sella turcica MRI, which had not evidenced pituitary lesion. Pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism was her final diagnosis. Conclusion: This case report illustrates the importance of the correct diagnosis and treatment of PHPH. Levothyroxine replacement, with TSH normalization, reverses the gland hyperplasia within 2 to 4 months. References: 1. Cao J, Lei T, Chen F, Zhang C, Ma C, Huang H. Primary hypothyroidism in a child leads to pituitary hyperplasia: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Oct;97(42):e12703.2. Shivaprasad KS, Siddardha K. Pituitary Hyperplasia from Primary Hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med. 2019 Feb 21;380(8):e9.

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Bennett, Julie, Liana Nobre, Eric Bouffet, Bryan Maguire, Afsaneh Amirabadi, Cynthia Hawkins, Oussama Abla, Jonathan Wasserman, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, and Ute Bartels. "GCT-24. ISOLATED PITUITARY STALK THICKENING." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_4 (June 18, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae064.279.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Few studies have examined predictive factors and outcome of isolated pituitary stalk thickening (iPST) in children. We aim to describe our institutional cohort to determine predictors of future proliferative disease. METHODS A search of the radiology, endocrinology and neuro-oncology databases was performed to identify patients with iPST diagnosed between January 2000 and June 2019. Clinical data was collected along with detailed radiology review of MRIs in a blinded fashion. RESULTS Forty-seven patients were identified, with 40 meeting criteria for inclusion. Median age of baseline MRI was 9.6 years (range 0.9-17.5). Twenty-five (63%) were female. Median follow up time was 5.2 years (range 0.3-18.6). Indication for MRI was symptoms of diabetes insipidus (DI) in 29 patients followed by concerns for anterior endocrine disturbance (6), headache (1) or visual impairment (1). Thirty-four (85%) subjects had pituitary dysfunction, including 31 with DI however DI was not predictive of future development of proliferative disease (69% with presumed hypophysitis vs 93% with proliferative disease, p=0.12). Fourteen (35%) patients developed proliferative disease, with germinoma (8), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (5) and lymphoma (1) at median of 1.3 years (range 0.3-4.0), 2.2 years (range 0.3-9.4) and 1.1 years after initial MRI respectively. Lumbar puncture was performed in 24 patients with elevated white blood cell count (>5 x 106/L) found in 6 (75%) patients with germinoma, 1 (100%) patient with lymphoma, 0 patients with LCH and 3 of 11 (27%) patients with presumed hypophysitis (p=0.015). Thickening of the entire stalk at time of diagnosis and radiographic progression were more likely to be seen in those that developed proliferative disease. CONCLUSION In this cohort 35% of children with PST were eventually diagnosed with a proliferative disease. Importantly, central DI was not associated with risk of proliferative disease. Several radiographic features and elevated CSF WBC were predictive of this outcome.

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Leon, Ewelina de, and Graeme Yorston. "#3104 Is dipsogenic diabetes insipidus the same condition as psychogenic polydipsia?" Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 92, no. 8 (July 16, 2021): A11.2—A11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-bnpa.27.

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Objectives/AimsTraumatic brain injury is a common cause of permanent or long-term disability,1 and up to 80% of people with moderate to severe brain injury have some degree of pituitary insufficiency. Endocrine disruption has been documented in medical literature since the 1940s,2-4 where central diabetes insipidus has been described as a common transient complication which causes polydipsia (insatiable thirst). However, polydipsia can be caused by other conditions. It is classified into dipsogenic, in a syndrome of disordered thirst-regulating mechanism in patients without psychiatric disease called dipsogenic diabetes insipidus, psychogenic, as a compulsive water drinking in patients with psychiatric conditions referred to as psychogenic polydipsia or psychogenic diabetes insipidus and iatrogenic where large quantities of water are consumed for health benefits. All of which are referred to as primary polydipsia if these conditions cannot be distinguished. Dipsogenic diabetes insipidus and psychogenic polydipsia can be easily mixed up, misdiagnosed or even unrecognised, mainly because their pathophysiology is still unclear. Are these conditions different, or is there anything that can relate them to each other? With this literature review, we are aiming to find the link between subsets of polydipsia after brain trauma, to compare proposed differential diagnosis and their functionality in clinical settings.MethodA literature review was conducted following a search of MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycBooks, APA PsycInfo databases from 1858 onwards.ResultsWe will present our findings from the literature review.ConclusionPolydipsia is a common clinical problem and requires careful evaluation and management to prevent long term neurological sequelae, and there are no evidence-based treatment guidelines.References National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2019). Head Injury. CG176. Retrieved from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg176 Escamilla RF, Lisser H. Simmonds disease: A clinical study with revie of the literature; Differentiation from anorexia nervosa by statistical analysis of 595 cases, 101 of which were provided pathologically. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 1942;2(2):6596. Porter RJ, Miller RA. Diabetes insipidus following closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1946;11:528562. Webb NE, Little B, Loupee-Wilson S, Power EM. Traumatic brain injury and neuro-endocrine disruption: medical and psychosocial rehabilitation. NeuroRehabilitation (Reading, Mass.) 2014;34(4):625636.

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Venugopal, Sharini, Binita Neupane, Mahesh Nepal, and Luis F. Chavez. "Unmasking of Neurosarcoidosis." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1260.

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Abstract Introduction: Central diabetes insipidus is a rare complication of neurosarcoidosis. In patients with concomitant adrenal insufficiency (AI), the symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus (DI) can be masked. Case: A 55-year-old female with past medical history of sarcoidosis presented to the hospital with hematemesis, nausea and dizziness. She has a past medical history of cardiac sarcoidosis that was revealed on a PET scan done before 10 years for which she was being treated with methotrexate and prednisone. She was off prednisone for a year prior to hospitalization. She underwent an upper endoscopy that showed diffusely erythematous gastric mucosa in the antrum. She was also hypotensive on admission, and she received packed red blood transfusions after which her sodium increased from 145mmol/L to 165mmol/L (Normal: 135-145mmol/L) in 48 hours. Further workup revealed persistent hypernatremia and urine osmolality was 75mOsm/kg H2O. (Normal: 50-1200mOsm/kg H2O). She was also hypoglycemic and hypotensive requiring multiple fluid boluses throughout her hospitalization. This prompted us to perform a random cortisol that came back at 2.1ug/dl (Normal: 3-23ug/dl) and 1.8ug/dl on two occasions. Cortisol Stimulation test was subsequently ordered, but was done only at 30 minutes, and Cortisol increased from 1.8ug/dl to 6.3ug/dl. Free thyroxine was 0.5 ng/dl (Normal: 0.9-1.8 ng/dl) and her TSH was 7.58uIU/ml (Normal: 0.55-4.78uIU/ml). MRI of the brain revealed extensive areas of extra-axial supra-sellar/infundibular nodular homogeneous intense enhancement that is most consistent with neuro-sarcoid. She was started on prednisone 40 mg daily, Desmopressin 0.05 mg twice daily, and levothyroxine as well. Her sodium level normalized and was 137mmol/L at discharge. She followed up later with outpatient Endocrinology and reported around 90lbs weight gain and no more episodes of nausea or vomiting or epistaxis or lightheadedness. Conclusion: The involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in sarcoidosis is extremely rare and attributes to < 1% of patients with a sellar mass. Small case series have shown that hypogonadism is the most common endocrine abnormality followed by DI. Our patient had a long-standing history of sarcoidosis with her pituitary dysfunction unmasked only on admission for other causes. She did not manifest any symptoms of DI or AI. There have been case reports where the symptoms of DI are masked due to underlying glucocorticoid deficiency. There have been theories that glucocorticoid deficiency impairs renal water excretion by both ADH (Anti-diuretic hormone) dependent and ADH independent pathways. Another notable feature in our case is that our patient presented with primary hypothyroidism. In fact, sarcoidosis has been commonly implicated in auto-immune polyglandular syndromes type 3, which can present with auto-immune thyroiditis more so in females.

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Jeffcoate, William J. "Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy." Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 24, S1 (2008): S62—S65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.837.

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Petrova, N. L., and M. E. Edmonds. "Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy—current standards." Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 24, S1 (2008): S58—S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.846.

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Melen, Onur. "Neuro-ophthalmologic Features of Pituitary Tumors." Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 16, no. 3 (September 1987): 585–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8529(18)30465-1.

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Wilhelm, Marta. "Neuro-immune interactions in the dove brain." General and Comparative Endocrinology 172, no. 1 (May 2011): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.03.018.

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Dasgupta, Sayantan, Ishita Mondal, and Utpal Kumar Biswas. "A study of CBS gene polymorphism, plasma H2S levels and their association in type-2 diabetes mellitus." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 11, 2018): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v10i1.21295.

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Background: Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S), in recent years, is getting significant attention, as more evidences are emerging about its diverse biological roles. There are evidences of H2S having anti-inflammatory, neuro-modulator, vasodilator, anti-apoptotic and mitochondrial protective roles in various tissues. Among different tissues, β-cells of pancreas, according to some recent studies, get significantly affected by the imbalance in H2S homeostasis, leading to β-cell dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Cystathionine- β-synthase (CBS) enzyme is involved in the synthesis of H2S from cysteine in various tissues. Among various possible mutations in the CBS gene, a particular 833T-C mutation, has been found to be associated with various diseases. Aims and Objectives: The present study was aimed to determine the extent of abnormality of H2S homeostasis in type-2 DM patients, and to find out presence and association (if any) of 833T-C mutation in CBS gene, in the patients of type-2 DM, in comparison to healthy control subjects, in the Indian population. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was done with 40 clinically and biochemically diagnosed DM type II patients attending OPD of Endocrinology department of NRS Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, and 40 age and gender matched non-diabetic control subjects. DNA was isolated from EDTA blood of all the study subjects, PCR done and results compared. Plasma H2S was measured by the N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylene-diamine method. Plasma glucose and serum insulin were measured by standardized commercial kits. Results: Our study found the plasma H2S levels in the patients of type II DM to be significantly higher(P<0.001) than the control subjects. The results also found significant positive correlation between plasma H2S level with fasting serum Insulin level (P<0.001) and fasting plasma glucose level (P<0.001) in the diabetic patients. Among 40 DM patients, only two were heterozygous for the mutation, and had both mutated allele (242bp) and normal allele (174bp). Rest of the patients and all the control subjects were homozygous for the normal allele (174bp). This marginal difference in the incidence of mutated allele was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: our study shows significant association of H2S dys-regulation with the type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indian population. The marginal but insignificantly higher incidence of 833T-C mutation in CBS gene, found in our study, warrants further research with higher number of study population, to more conclusively infer about the role of this mutation in the pathogenesis of type-2 DM.

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Boufares, F., H. Boussouf, A. Chraïbi, and S. Abdelkerim Kadiri. "P152 - Sarcoïdose à rechute neuro-endocrine." Annales d'Endocrinologie 66, no. 5 (October 2005): 463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4266(05)81993-6.

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Mhaouty-Kodja, S. "Perturbation neuro-endocrinienne de la reproduction." Annales d'Endocrinologie 78, no. 4 (September 2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2017.07.753.

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Disse, E. "Régulation neuro-hormonale de la prise alimentaire." Annales d'Endocrinologie 78, no. 4 (September 2017): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2017.07.750.

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Chebbi, D., R. Ben Salah, F. Haj Kacem, Y. Bouattour, M. Abid, F. Frikha, and Z. Bahloul. "Atteinte neuro-endocrine d’une granulomatose de Wegener." Annales d'Endocrinologie 79, no. 4 (September 2018): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2018.06.442.

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Ahrén, Bo. "The neuro-incretin concept." Regulatory Peptides 194-195 (November 2014): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regpep.2014.09.003.

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Vié, Anne-Laure, and Gérald Raverot. "Modern neuro-ophthalmological evaluation of patients with pituitary disorders." Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 33, no. 2 (April 2019): 101279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2019.05.003.

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van der Hoek, Joost, Steven W. J. Lamberts, and Leo J. Hofland. "Preclinical and clinical experiences with the role of somatostatin receptors in the treatment of pituitary adenomas." European Journal of Endocrinology 156, suppl_1 (April 2007): S45—S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.02350.

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The patho-physiological role of somatostatin receptor subtypes (sst) in neuro endocrine diseases has gained enhanced scientific interest in the past few years. The development of novel somatotropin-release inhibiting factor analogs, both sst-specific and universal ligands, seem promising as a tool to further increase fundamental insights in sst function. Eventually, this research should result in novel medical therapeutic opportunities in patients suffering from neuro-endocrine diseases. In the present review, the functional role of sst in all types of pituitary adenomas, based on recent preclinical and clinical studies, is being discussed.

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Tata, F. Z., N. S. Fedala, K. Takbou, L. Ahmed-Ali, and F. Chentli. "P147 - Retentissement neuro-ophtalmologique et endocrinien du craniopharyngiome." Annales d'Endocrinologie 66, no. 5 (October 2005): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4266(05)81988-2.

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