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Статті в журналах з теми "National integrated plan for energy and climate"
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Buchmann, Marius, Julia Kusznir, and Gert Brunekreeft. "Assessment of the drafted German integrated National Energy and Climate Plan." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 1 (December 2019): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2019-001006.
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Panait, Daniela Zănescu. "Implementation by Romania of the Energy Governance based on the Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 16, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 466–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2022-0046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The current paper completes the empirical literature on the European Union (EU) climate and energy policy design and evaluation, namely the implementation part related to the development, assessment and approval of the Integrated National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) of the Member States (MS) for the period 2021-2030. These strategic documents are foreseen by the Governance Regulation no. EU 2018/1999 as the main tools used to implement the climate and energy policies and targets by 2030. This paper is organized as follows: the abstract gives an overview of the paper and its main conclusions. Section 1 depict the introduction and background about the whole process around NECPs and the main provisions related under the Governance Regulation. Section 2 reviews literature from the perspective of the EU negotiations on 2030&2050 energy and climate targets, legal aspects of climate and energy governance and the process of NECPs development and approval. It also includes a short presentation of the data used for the analysis, including their sources. Section 3 gives an insight about the approval of Romania‘s NECPs by the European Commission. At the same time, this section briefly comments on proposals made by the national authorities and the recommendations using as starting point Romania‘s position in 2014 during the 2030 climate and energy negotiations while taking into account the dynamic of the geopolitical situation to date. Section 4 concludes.
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Prina, Matteo Giacomo, Giampaolo Manzolini, David Moser, Roberto Vaccaro, and Wolfram Sparber. "Multi-Objective Optimization Model EPLANopt for Energy Transition Analysis and Comparison with Climate-Change Scenarios." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 23, 2020): 3255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The modeling of energy systems with high penetration of renewables is becoming more relevant due to environmental and security issues. Researchers need to support policy makers in the development of energy policies through results from simulating tools able to guide them. The EPLANopt model couples a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to EnergyPLAN simulation software to study the future best energy mix. In this study, EPLANopt is applied at country level to the Italian case study to assess the best configurations of the energy system in 2030. A scenario, the result of the optimization, is selected and compared to the Italian integrated energy and climate action plan scenario. It allows a further reduction of CO2 emissions equal to 10% at the same annual costs of the Italian integrated energy and climate action plan scenario. Both these results are then compared to climate change scenarios through the carbon budget indicator. This comparison shows the difficulties to meet the Paris Agreement target of limiting the temperature increase to 1.5 °C. The results also show that this target can only be met through an increase in the total annual costs in the order of 25% with respect to the integrated energy and climate action plan scenario. However, the study also shows how the shift in expenditure from fossil fuels, external expenses, to investment on the national territory represents an opportunity to enhance the national economy.
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Laes, Erik, and Aviel Verbruggen. "Meta-review of Belgium's integrated National Energy and Climate draft Plan 2021-2030." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 1 (December 2019): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2019-001004.
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Pluta, Marcin, Wojciech Suwala, and Artur Wyrwa. "Review of the Polish integrated National Energy and Climate draft Plan 2021-2030." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 1 (December 2019): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2019-001009.
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Romano, Giada, Francesco Cesare Lallo, and Francesco Mancini. "Halving of consumption and energy efficiency of the “Mario Pagano” National boarding school in Campobasso." E3S Web of Conferences 312 (2021): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131202010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the national context, Italy with the Integrated National Plan for Energy and Climate (PNIEC) intends to achieve an indicative target of reducing consumption by 2030 equal to 43% of primary energy and 39.7% of final energy compared to the reference scenario of 2007 while with the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR), the ecological transition will have to be the basis of the new development model on a global scale. To start it up, it will be necessary to drastically reduce emissions of climate-altering gases in line with the objectives of the European Green Deal. Secondly, it will be necessary to improve the energy efficiency of production chains, civil settlements and public buildings and the quality of air in urban centres and water. In light of these ambitious objectives, particular attention is paid to existing buildings: this research has been focused on the is the National Boarding School “Mario Pagano”, an 8,700 m2 school built in 1899, located in the historical centre of Campobasso (Molise). The effects of the intervention proposals have been simulated in order to evaluate energy savings and the reduction of CO2 emissions. The research is also supported by an economic evaluation that prove the economic sustainability within a period of about 15 years.
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Jin, Ning, and Sheng Fei Li. "River Water and Ground Source Heat Pump Integrated Application of Energy-Saving Technology." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1178.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Along with our country economic development fast development, construction energy consumption large scale growth, constructs the energy consumption to occupy the national energy consumption about 25%, therefore the energy consumption question becomes the national economy society to continue the healthy development now the subject matter. The development renewable energy source resources, reduce the energy consumption vigorously, slows down the global climate warming, protects the ecological environment, advances the human society sustainable development together, has become now the social development significant strategic plan. This article take the river water source and the place source heat pump as the example, the use river water source and the place source heat pump integration application energy conservation technology to the construction heating, the refrigeration. Through to this integrative system's analysis, obtained the river water source and the place source heat pump integration application energy conservation and the environmental protection performance.
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Zheliezna, T. A. "ROLE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GLOBAL SCENARIO TO ACHIEVE ZERO GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BY 2050." Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering 44, no. 1 (May 12, 2022): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ttpe.1.2022.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for Ukraine to meet the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2060. The global scenario of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 developed by the International Energy Agency is presented; the role of renewable energy sources in the implementation of the scenario is considered. According to this scenario, two thirds of the world’s total primary energy supply in 2050 will be provided by wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and hydropower. Electricity will account for almost half of the total energy consumption in 2050, play a key role in all sectors, and make a significant contribution to the production of low-carbon fuels, including hydrogen. At the same time, about 90% of electricity in 2050 will come from renewable energy sources. Recommendations have been developed for Ukraine on the development of the use of renewable energy sources and the fulfillment of the goal to achieve climate neutrality by 2060. In particular, it is recommended to approve as soon as possible an Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan for 2021-2030, which is in line with European approaches to an interrelated view of energy and climate. It is also recommended to fully implement the tasks related to the implementation of strategic goals in the energy sector defined in the National Economic Strategy until 2030. Such actions guarantee effective decarbonization of Ukraine’s energy sector and make a significant contribution to achieving climate neutrality by 2060.
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Dr. Rubi Gupta. "Exploring Regulatory Framework Related to Green Energy: An Analytical Study." Research Ambition an International Multidisciplinary e-Journal 9, no. I (May 30, 2024): 07–17. https://doi.org/10.53724/ambition/v9n1.03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present not only legislation but judiciary has taken tremendous steps toward the environment, without it would be impossible, the existence of human beings. Green energy protects environment. Green energy is that energy which does not pollute the environment and it is renewal in nature. These energy sources, are really available on earth and can be naturally replenished and don't even harm environment. Solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, ocean energy, hydro power energy, bio energy is example of green energy. In this research paper, researcher by adopting doctrine research evaluate and compare the legal framework of India related to green energy such as- “Environmental laws, constitutional law, Tariff policy 2006, integrated energy policy, 2006, National action plan on climate change, 2008, etc.”
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Fadi Georges, Comair. "Island Water Management Cyprus Facts Finding Mission and Gap Identifications." Repositories of Agriculture 1, no. 1 (July 24, 2024): 030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ra.000005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Water management on islands faces unique challenges due to limited size, isolation, climate change impacts, and economic development needs. These factors intensify water scarcity, highlighting the need for sustainable resource development through multidisciplinary approaches. Cyprus, the third-largest Mediterranean island, exemplifies these challenges, with the lowest water availability per capita in the region and severe water scarcity exacerbated by climate change. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive master plan that integrates technical, environmental, social, and economic factors, focusing on climate change impacts on the water cycle. The Energy, Environment, and Water Research Center (EEWRC) plays a pivotal role in global resource management, emphasizing sustainable development goals and Integrated Water Resources Management Policy. EEWRC’s key initiatives include hydrodiplomacy and WEF Nexus and Integrated Water Resource Management IWRM, monitoring sediment transport pollution, water quality monitoring of basins and aquifers, smart water management of conventional and non-conventional water, and nature-based solutions for water and land management integration. To improve water management in Cyprus, establishing a National Commission for Water Experts is recommended. This commission would provide a detailed roadmap for water management, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Climate Change Initiative coordinated by the Cyprus Institute. Additionally, organizing a conference focused on “Cyprus Island Water Management” would help launch this concept. In conclusion, it is crucial to develop a long-term strategy for optimal water resource management in Cyprus, addressing water issues, promoting conservation, launching climate-resilient initiatives, and fostering collaboration with national and international entities for success.
Дисертації з теми "National integrated plan for energy and climate"
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Franco, Lucea Pilar. "Le contrôle de légalité des planifications énergie-climat en France et en Espagne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU2160.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
La planification de la transition énergétique est une pièce fondamentale dans la lutte contre le changement climatique et la décarbonisation de l'économie en Espagne et en France. Cet outil de nature administrative concrétise le pouvoir de planification par les pouvoirs publics des objectifs, des mesures et des résultats à atteindre à moyen et à long terme dans les horizons énergétique et environnemental des deux États. Au cœur de ses déterminations, il y a une large marge d'appréciation en faveur des administrations dans la configuration du paysage énergétique. Le choix de continuer à promouvoir les énergies renouvelables ou à reconstituer l'énergie nucléaire, la fixation de pourcentages de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre en dessous des 55% fixés par la Loi Européenne du Climat ou l'absence de mesures face au dépassement des plafonds de budgets carbone ne sont que quelques-unes des décisions discrétionnaires associées à la planification énergétique.Pour circonscrire cette marge décisionnelle dans les limites de la légalité, en excluant la marge d'opportunité politique, une étude comparative a été réalisée sur le contrôle que le pouvoir judiciaire peut effectuer sur les planifications de la transition énergétique en France et en Espagne.Dans la première partie, et conjointement pour les deux pays, sont précisés les principes du Droit de l'environnement, du Droit de l'énergie, du Droit administratif, ainsi que les principes de collaboration entre les États et les administrations qui régissent la planification de la transition énergétique.La deuxième partie développe un contrôle juridictionnel de ces plans par l'analyse de leurs éléments de légalité externe et interne, selon les spécificités du contentieux administratif français et espagnol. Bien qu'analysés séparément, les contrôles de légalité des deux pays portent en premier lieu sur les éléments associés à des formalités externes comme la compétence, les irrégularités de procédure substantielles ou les vices de forme. Reléguant dans un second temps les éléments de légalité interne tels que le détournement de pouvoir, les irrégularités dans les motifs juridiques ou le contrôle des faits des plans. Ces deux points sont complétés par l'analyse de la portée et de l'intensité du contrôle juridictionnel de la légalité de la planification énergétique. Enfin, une vision élargie de la participation des instruments de planification énergétique-climatique dans les nouveaux conflits climatiques permet d'analyser comment ces instruments peuvent contribuer à la formulation juridique de l'obligation climatique ou à l'établissement du lien de causalité en cas de responsabilitéEnergy transition planning plays a key role in the fight against climate change and the decarbonisation of the economy in Spain and France. This administrative tool helps materialising the planning power through the setting of energy and environmental targets, measures and goals by public authorities to be achieved in the mid and long term in both countries. Its core of determinations maintains a wide margin of discretion in favour of the Administrations when it comes to setting the energy scene. The choice of continuing promoting renewable energies or reinforcing nuclear energy, the setting of shares of greenhouse gas emissions reductions below the 55% stated by the European Climate Law or the lack of measures on budget overdrafts are some examples of discretionary decisions related to energy planning.In order to limit the decision making within the bounds of the law, excluding the window of political opportunity, a study is carried out with the aim of comparing the control that the Judiciary can exercise over the energy transition planning in France and Spain. The principles of Environmental Law, Energy Law and Administrative Law, together with the Principles of Collaboration between States and administrations that rule energy transition planning are specified for both countries in the first part of the study. That set of guiding legal principles, together with other bounds of the administrative discretion enable the excision of arbitrary and irrational elements in energy planning.The second part of the study includes a judicial review of these plans through analysing its internal and external lawful elements, according to the specificities of the administrative litigation in both Spain and France. Although they are analysed separately, the elements related to external formalities such as jurisdiction, substantial procedural defects or errors of form are firstly addressed in regards of review of legality in both countries. Internal formalities such as misuse of purpose, irregularities in legal reasons or the control of factual budget of the plans are addressed secondly. As a complement for these two points, there is an analysis of the extent and intensity of the annulling judicial review of the energy planning lawfulness test. Finally, an expanded vision of the involvement of energy-climate planning instruments in the new climate litigations allows to analyse how these instruments may contribute to the legal drafting of climate obligations or in the setting of a causal link in cases of liability
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Kudoma, Bongayi. "An evaluation of the phase-out management system of an ozone depleting substance HCFC-22 and its environmental and socioeconomic implications in Botswana." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26882.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Climate change and ozone depletion are topical challenges the world over and are both
attributed mainly to human activities, particularly emissions of ozone depleting substances
(ODSs). One such substance is chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22), a cheap, widely used
refrigerant with a high global warming potential of 1780. Botswana is a signatory to the
Montreal Protocol (MP), which guides international efforts to phase-out HCFC-22 and requires
signatories to develop and implement a country-level Hydrochlorofluorocarbon Phase-out
Management Plan (HPMP). This study, which used a mixed methods approach, was conducted
to evaluate the phase-out of HCFC-22 management strategies and their environmental and
socioeconomic implications in Botswana. A census of nine HCFC-22 importing companies
was conducted and probability sampling proportional to size was used to select a sample of
159 respondents from the Department of Meteorological Services, HCFC-22 importers,
customs officers from 20 purposively selected Botswana entry ports and HCFC-22 consumers
from the importing companies. Category-specific respondent questionnaires and interview
guides, site visits and assessment of records were used to gather data. Of particular interest
were the annual HCFC-22 importation figures for each company, the Botswana Unified
Revenue Services and the National Ozone Unit, as well as the level of compliance of the
companies’ HCFC-22 phase-out management practices with relevant national regulations, the
Botswana HPMP and the MP resolutions.
Botswana’s HCFC-22 importers were found to be moderately to highly compliant to nonregulatory elements rather than regulatory elements. Overall, HCFC-22 consumption
decreased from the baseline to 10.5% for the first stage (2013-2015), which was slightly more
than the 10% reduction expected. A steady decrease in HCFC-22 consumption was noted
towards the 35% target for 2020, largely due to awareness-raising initiatives directed at the
surveyed stakeholders. Absolute HCFC-22 consumption dropped by approximately 510400
kgs from 2011-2017 or 28072 ozone depleting potential saved. On the downside, gaps were
identified in the industry-wide quota-system, data reporting, prevention of illegal ODS trade,
service technician training, user knowledge of alternatives and disposal of ODS equipment.
The study recommends the use of a planning, policy formulation and implementation
framework that integrates and balances three fundamentals, namely, stakeholder involvement,
the process and the plan enablers.
Книги з теми "National integrated plan for energy and climate"
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. DOE's national energy plan and global warming: Hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, first session, on the formulation of a national energy plan and related policies which affect global climate change, July 26, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.
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Rozentāle, Līga. Electricity and Climate Policy Measures: The Unknown Known. RTU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934227752.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Thesis focuses on researching the areas of Latvia's electricity policy that are underdeveloped or forgotten within the current electricity policy framework in order to define possible policy improvements from the perspective of achieving climate goals, providing proposals for the review of the National Energy and Climate Plan in 2023. The Thesis provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of specific electricity policy measures using different methodological approaches, which is finalized by applying theory-based approach to integrate all parts of the research on electricity policy measures into a common result.
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Great Britain: Department of Energy and Climate Change. UK low carbon transition Plan: National strategy for climate and Energy. Stationery Office, The, 2009.
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Dzelzītis, Egīls. Application of Alternative Energy Trigeneration for Balancing of Loads and Sustainable Quality Assurance in Smart Energy Networks. RTU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934227158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The object of the research is micro-grids in district heating systems and the end consumers of the thermal energy from these systems. Topicality of the Thesis: The National Energy and Climate Plan of Latvia for 2030. The aim of the Doctoral Thesis is to design the energy management model for micro-grids with passive buildings and ecological trigeneration by using renewable energy resources.
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The role of education for Civil Engineers in the implementation of the SDGs: Proceedings of the 1st Joint Conference of EUCEET and AECEF. FEUP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/978-972-752-291-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 2015, the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development – “a plan for people, planet and prosperity”, which includes 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that service as a roadmap for the national and international policies that should be implemented to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. Society, Economy and Environment are recognized as the three pillars for sustainable development. After several attempts to identify and agree upon a global policy for a sustainable future, it is time for implementation. It is time now for global Engineers to get involved in order to bring results in the direction of the implementation of the SDGs. The two European Civil Engineering associations, the European Civil Engineering Education and Training Association (EUCEET) and the Association of European Civil Engineering Faculties (AECEF), joined their forces to investigate the very important issue of “The role of education for Civil Engineers in the implementation of the SDGs”. The topics of the conference are related, but not limited, to the following SDGs: SDG4 - Quality education SDG6 - Clean water and sanitation SDG7 - Affordable and clean energy SDG8 – Decent work and economic growth SDG9 – Industry, innovation and infrastructure SDG11 – Sustainable cities and communities SDG13 – Climate action SDG14 – Life below water SDG15 – Life on land
Частини книг з теми "National integrated plan for energy and climate"
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Mangano, Giuseppe. "Renewable Energy Communities: Enabling Technologies and Regenerative Models for the Green and Digital Transition in the Inner Areas." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 309–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34211-0_15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThis contribution addresses issues of research in Architectural Technology conducted with the laboratory ABITAlab of dArTe-Unirc, with reference to the design of devices for regenerative models based on the tool of “Renewable Energy Communities” in territories subject to marginalization and depopulation phenomena, such as the inner areas of Grecanica Area in Reggio Calabria. The aim is to envisage a transformative path of sustainable development, which can implement “mechanisms of just and equitable transition” at the local level, placing itself within the lines of support and public investment for climate neutrality, such as the Next Generation EU and the National Plan for Recovery and Resilience in Italy. We investigate the key issues of advanced sustainable project, for the design of devices and integrated innovative tools based on solar technologies (PV) for the production, storage and distribution and sharing of energy by communities settled in the inner areas (prosumers), helping to obtain economic and environmental benefits, towards the “climate neutrality”. The model of Energy Communities, using processes of Advanced Regenerative Design, which increase the performance of the system, thanks to the integration of hybrid “zero impact” technologies, become the tool through which to trigger processes of regeneration and new quality of space and life in the inner territories, where there is a greater presence of natural resources (air, water, sun, biomass, etc.) to be used as renewable sources for energy production, but also the possibility to monitor and more easily account for the impacts of a settlement model based on “carbon free” energy production chains, with the reference community settled.
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Bikam, Peter Bitta. "Technology Innovations in Green Transport." In Green Economy in the Transport Sector, 37–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86178-0_4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe paper uses the case study of Limpopo province to discuss technology innovations in green transport in South Africa with respect to the reduction of global greenhouse emission through technology innovation. South Africa’s emission from fuel combustion is the world’s 15th largest in forms of CO emission because it contributes about 1.2% of global emissions. In a submission from the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) on the impact of greenhouse emissions stated that companies are required to be innovative to reduce the carbon emission levels in South Africa. Literature on road transport in South Africa shows that road transport is the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for 19% of global energy consumption. The policy to promote an integrated public transport in municipalities is in line with the National Development Plan and the White Paper on National Climate Change Response. This requires innovative technology that promotes carbon trading markets such as taxi recapitalisation programmes and carbon tax on new vehicles. The study analysed the factors influencing green technology innovations in South Africa with specific reference to Limpopo province green transportation study. The methodology used to unpack innovative technology in South Africa discusses green technology in Limpopo province in the context of greenhouse gases emission reduction innovative technologies in the transport sector with respect to sustainable fuels, energy efficient systems and smart information as well as hybrid technologies. The study advances arguments on technologies for engine and propulsion systems, alternative energy sources, navigation technologies, cargo handling systems, heating and cooling vehicles, road and rail vehicles and maritime transportation with respect to innovations as well as battery charging systems, engine oil disposal etc. The findings shows that no single trajectory of technology innovation in green transport will suffice but technological innovations that improve fuel economy and transition from fossil fuels to cleaner fuel alternatives. The study in Limpopo province showed that green transport innovations must not obscure the role of non-technological innovations in reducing emissions, but the two should be tackled with green transport value chain as a whole.
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Chen, Li-Chun. "Turning on the Lights with Renewable Energy: Solar PV Mini-Grid System for Lighting in Myanmar." In Springer Climate, 39–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24545-9_3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractMyanmar targets 100% electrification by 2030 through both of grid extension and off-grid electrification under the National Electrification Plan (NEP). Despite all the policies and plans of the government, a significant population living in remote rural areas will remain far from the nation grid and unable to afford connection fees in the distant future. The Myanmar Department of Rural Development, which is the leading government agency in implementing the off-grid component of the NEP, therefore seeks assistance from advanced countries and international societies, including Taiwan. Based on the local conditions of targeted villages, the International Cooperation Development Fund proposes a tailored pilot project for rural Myanmar. The project achieved the development goals of inclusive growth and environmental protection through access to affordable and renewable energy and demonstrated that even the poor or vulnerable groups in developing countries can contribute to a net-zero society.
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Lin, Jiaqiao, and Ang Zhao. "China Mainland’s Energy Transition: How to Overcome Financial, Societal, and Institutional Challenges in the Long Term." In Energy Transition and Energy Democracy in East Asia, 51–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0280-2_4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe 2060 carbon neutrality goal announced by President Xi in 2020 sets the tone for the long-term Chinese climate policy. China has made considerable achievements in greening its energy mix in the past decade; solar power and wind power capacity both ranked top as of 2019. The current number of electric vehicles are, moreover, close to half of the total number of EVs in the world. However, there are conflicting signals from the coal power development plan and the increasing dependence on natural gas. There are many questions like these to be answered in a more reasonable and independent way. Discussion of China’s energy transition will start with the energy mix and energy governance structure, supplemented by the interaction of energy transition with climate change and air pollution issues. In particular, the institutional setting for national energy and climate policy will be discussed in this chapter, followed by inclusion of key elements that impact the interaction between energy democracy and energy transition process. Civil society organizations and industrial associations have been playing an important role in achieving a decentralized renewable energy system and accordingly promoting energy democracy. Special focus will be placed on the renewable energy corporates’ involvement in the transition.
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Siahaan, Nataliawati, Inez S. Y. Fitri, and Hakimul Batih. "Energy in the Power Sector and GHG Emissions: Modeling as an Input to the Formulation of the Next Midterm National Development Plan." In Climate Change Policies and Challenges in Indonesia, 173–98. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55994-8_8.
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Brasili, Andrea, Tuna Dökmeci, Atanas Kolev, Debora Revoltella, Jochen Schanz, Annamaria Tueske, and Wouter Van Der Wielen. "1. Public Investment and Industrial Policy." In Investing in the Structural Transformation, 13–30. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0434.02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Europe needs more investment. Speeding up the climate transition and relaunching EU innovation capabilities require special efforts. Coupled with strategic autonomy and the need to secure stable and clean energy sources, these issues highlight the increasing importance of European public goods (EPGs) and policies that extend beyond national boundaries, as they involve externalities and network effects. However, Europe’s current institutional structure and mechanisms may struggle to meet this challenge. This essay examines public investment trends in the EU, arguing that while public investments have increased, greater coordination and coherence are needed. Three critical axes are identified: the provision of EPGs, policy coordination at national levels, and sufficient funding. Improving the coordination of public investment, particularly in research and development (R&D) and the climate transition, is key to unlocking Europe’s full potential. This chapter emphasizes the importance of initiatives like Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEIs) in fostering collaboration across countries and sectors, but argues for expanded and more integrated efforts moving forward.
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Pal, Aritra, Yun-Tsui Chang, Chien-Wen Chen, Chen-Hung Wu, Pavan Kumar, and Shang-Hsien Hsieh. "Building Rooftop Analysis for Solar Panel Installation Through Point Cloud Classification - A Case Study of National Taiwan University." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 1042–48. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As climate change intensifies, we must embrace renewable solutions like solar energy to combat greenhouse gas emissions. Harnessing the sun's power, solar energy provides a limitless and eco-friendly source of electricity, reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. Rooftops offer prime real estate for solar panel installation, optimizing sun exposure, and maximizing clean energy generation at the point of use. For installing solar panels, inspecting the suitability of building rooftops is essential because faulty roof structures or obstructions can cause a significant reduction in power generation. Computer vision-based methods proved helpful in such inspections in large urban areas. However, previous studies mainly focused on image-based checking, which limits their usability in 3D applications such as roof slope inspection and building height determination required for proper solar panel installation. This study proposes a GIS-integrated urban point cloud segmentation method to overcome these challenges. Specifically, given a point cloud of a metropolitan area, first, it is localized in the GIS map. Then a deep-learning-based point cloud classification model is trained to detect buildings and rooftops. Finally, a rule-based checking determines the building height, roof slopes, and their appropriateness for solar panel installation. While testing at the National Taiwan University campus, the proposed method demonstrates its efficacy in assessing urban rooftops for solar panel installation
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Pal, Aritra, Yun-Tsui Chang, Chien-Wen Chen, Chen-Hung Wu, Pavan Kumar, and Shang-Hsien Hsieh. "Building Rooftop Analysis for Solar Panel Installation Through Point Cloud Classification - A Case Study of National Taiwan University." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 1042–48. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As climate change intensifies, we must embrace renewable solutions like solar energy to combat greenhouse gas emissions. Harnessing the sun's power, solar energy provides a limitless and eco-friendly source of electricity, reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. Rooftops offer prime real estate for solar panel installation, optimizing sun exposure, and maximizing clean energy generation at the point of use. For installing solar panels, inspecting the suitability of building rooftops is essential because faulty roof structures or obstructions can cause a significant reduction in power generation. Computer vision-based methods proved helpful in such inspections in large urban areas. However, previous studies mainly focused on image-based checking, which limits their usability in 3D applications such as roof slope inspection and building height determination required for proper solar panel installation. This study proposes a GIS-integrated urban point cloud segmentation method to overcome these challenges. Specifically, given a point cloud of a metropolitan area, first, it is localized in the GIS map. Then a deep-learning-based point cloud classification model is trained to detect buildings and rooftops. Finally, a rule-based checking determines the building height, roof slopes, and their appropriateness for solar panel installation. While testing at the National Taiwan University campus, the proposed method demonstrates its efficacy in assessing urban rooftops for solar panel installation
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Poddar, Sandeep. "Sustainable Integrated Farming in Agriculture." In Water-Soil-Plant-Animal Nexus in the Era of Climate Change, 329–43. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9838-5.ch016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Advancement of human civilization has resulted in depletion of resources and the deterioration of living conditions in certain regions of the world. Human activity on Earth has taken a hostile turn that threatens the existence of species and mankind. Circular agriculture focuses primarily on using minimal external input, closing nutrient cycles, regenerating soils, and minimizing environmental impact. Agriculture chains must be efficient in order to maximize the use of resources and return nutrients to the soil for a sustainable future. AI technology will lead to substantial changes in agricultural practices. The current discussion was explicitly related to United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger, as well as other UNSDGs. To generate synergies and effectively manage trade-offs between agriculture, water, energy, land use, and climate change, the international community is urged to increase the number of integrated national and regional decision-making processes.
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Rosokhata, Anna, Yuliia Matvieieva, Tetiana Bolotna, Igor Marchenko, and Andriy Niemtsev. "OPTIMIZATION OF INVESTMENT SUPPORT FOR THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ENERGY." In GLOBAL DIGITAL TRENDS AND THEIR IMPACT ON NATIONAL ECONOMIC PROGRESS. OKTAN PRINT, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46489/gdtatione-05-24-03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investing in waste management is a clear example of the concept «for one man's garbage is another man's treasure». Many investors value the reliability of revenue generation from waste management, especially in the post-pandemic context. Waste management is considered a crucial business segment. In this case, in 2020, the global waste market was worth $1.6 trillion. These figures are expected to reach $2.5 trillion by 2030. Experts estimate that by 2050, the amount of global waste will have increased to 3.74 billion tons. This waste commonly accumulates in high-income countries, which produce around 34% of the world's waste. In the growing waste management crisis context, the importance of this issue goes beyond just collecting and disposing of waste. Effective waste management is increasingly becoming a pivotal element in safeguarding the planet's health. Innovations in waste management are implemented at the current stage and play a critical role in supporting sustainable materials management and reducing the impact of climate change. Waste management encompasses a range of strategies and processes aimed at reducing its volume. The same as in any business, seasonal fluctuations affect waste management. For instance, the quantity of construction-related waste decreases in winter as construction slows and increases in the warmer months when construction activity increases. The need for garbage collection also increases after storms. Investors analyzing funds that incorporate waste management can recognize and anticipate patterns related to these events. Converting waste to electricity and heat is a method by which municipal waste management systems have contributed to reducing the use of coal fuels and mitigating the impact of landfill gas. Methane collected at landfills can be used as a fuel source, helping to reduce the negative influence of emissions from landfills and providing an additional energy resource. Waste management revenues typically remain resilient even during economic downturns. The pandemic has caused losses to numerous enterprises, but compared to airlines, cruise lines, and restaurants, large waste management companies have experienced less impact. It can be explained by the fact that larger companies can develop several sources of income. For example, the demand for waste from industry and business may have decreased during the pandemic, but the amount of household waste has exponentially increased. It is worth noting that technologies for energy production from waste have emerged as an alternative solution for solid waste treatment. Waste-to-energy systems provide significant environmental and economic benefits by converting waste into affordable energy, which is a major part of an integrated solid waste management strategy.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "National integrated plan for energy and climate"
1
Yanity, Brian B., and Jay S. Hermanson. "Integrated Energy Resource Plan for Alaska’s Northwest Arctic Borough." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90335.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Straddling the Arctic Circle on the Chukchi Sea, the Northwest Alaska Native Association (NANA) region constitutes the boundaries of the Northwest Arctic Borough (NWAB), and has a population of about 7,600 people. The high cost of energy in the NANA region is one of the leading threats to the long term sustainability and well-being of the region. As a result of complex and lengthy logistics, the region has some of the highest energy prices in the nation. In addition to the cost of fossil fuels, NANA region residents are increasingly aware of the effects of greenhouse gases on climate change and the resulting coastal erosion along the Chukchi Sea. NANA Regional Corporation, along with other regional stakeholders, has developed a regional integrated energy plan. This approach includes community specific energy options analyses, benefit-cost analyses of competing alternatives, analysis of available literature and past experiences, surveying of professional opinion, and a regional energy summit that involved multiple stakeholders. Since the mid-1990s, the NANA region has been an Alaska leader in promoting and developing renewable energy resources with wind turbine installations in Kotzebue and Selawik. Promising wind energy potential is under investigation in several more communities, and other known energy resources being studied include geothermal, small-scale hydropower, and a substantial biomass potential in the upper Kobuk River area. Also under investigation are stranded natural gas sources and even solar PV installations for some communities. Energy security in the region will be achieved by a combination of infrastructure improvement and development of appropriate energy technologies, both traditional and renewable. It is the vision of NANA region stakeholders to be 75% reliant on regionally available energy resources for heating and electric generation purposes by the year 2030, and to decrease the need for transportation fuel imported into the region by 50% by the year 2030. As part of this vision, imported fossil fuels would remain as emergency/back-up fuel only. With proper planning, a synergy can be developed between different energy sources and uses, with the composition of the optimal ‘energy-mix’ custom-tailored for each community in the NANA region. The energy planning process will be conducted with the understanding that the optimum mix may change over time.
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Ifalade, Oluwajuwon, Elizabeth Obode, and Joseph Chineke. "Hydrocarbon of the Future: Sustainability, Energy Transition and Developing Nations." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207176-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The population of Africa is estimated to be about 1.5 billion, 25% of world population but the continent accounts for only 3.2% of global electricity generation (2.2% coming from South Africa, Egypt, Algeria and Morocco). This translates to the lowest per capita energy of any continent. The rapidly growing population in Africa will inevitably result in the emergence of more African cities and this underscores a need to urgently address the energy poverty concerns presented. The global energy landscape is changing, and Africa finds herself at a vantage point in the complex interplay between energy, development, climate change and sustainability. The need to provide an answer to these concerns is further highlighted by the effects of globalization and climate change. The onus rests on African countries to find a cross-functional solution; one which answers simultaneously to socio-economic and environmental challenges. This involves driving growth in energy supply and hence industrialization via the adoption of a balanced mix that harnesses all energy potential and integrated utilization possibilities. Projected increase in energy demands coupled with emission allowances present a unique opportunity for these countries to put in place plans and infrastructure congruent with the future energy landscape. In contrast to the narrative where African energy is driven majorly by renewables, the continent must first maximize the enormous fossil fuel potentials domiciled in large gas reserves in some of her countries to create an economy that can support a sustainable energy future. Natural gas is expected to play a vital role in the transition to a more environment friendly future of energy, especially in developing countries. This paper aims to present the prospects and challenges of the use of natural gas as a driver of sustainability and energy transition in the developing nations. Nigeria and the Nigerian Gas Master Plan will be taken as a Case Study.
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Kim, Dongsu, Kelly Tran, Jaeyoon Koh, and Heejin Cho. "Net-Zero Energy Home Design Using Photovoltaic-Based Distributed Energy Generation and Multi-Functional Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems Integrated With Thermal Energy Storage." In ASME 2022 16th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2022 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2022-84345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Net-zero energy homes (NZEHs) have been studied widely from different perspectives to provide realistic and practical solutions. Among various approaches to enable NZEH designs, energy-efficient heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems play a key role in providing thermal comfort and good air quality in a cost- and energy-efficient manner. This study proposes a NZEH design using photovoltaic (PV)-based distributed energy generation and multi-functional variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems with electric and thermal energy storage systems. Simulation-based NZEH performance evaluation is conducted based on case studies under various US climate conditions. To develop a validated NZEH simulation model, the net-zero energy residential test facility (NZERTF) constructed by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is used for benchmarking the NZEH reference model. Changes in monthly energy consumption and on-site power generation before and after the VRF application are analyzed to capture the potential impact of the VRF system application for the NZEH design. This study shows that the alternative NZEH design with the proposed VRF and electric and thermal energy storage systems can achieve around 13% through 32% of cooling energy reductions under different US climate conditions. With the proposed VRF system, the savings potential of domestic hot water energy consumption is significant up to 90% reduction compared to the original NZEH before the proposed VRF and energy storage systems were considered.
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Alsuwailem, Majed, and Bertrand Williams-Rioux. "Integrated Oil Companies and the Quest for Energy Transition." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210465-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Integrated oil and gas (O&G) companies operate vertically integrated businesses that span the O&G value chain. In this way, they can leverage expertise across multiple domains rather than just focusing on exploration and production (E&P). Examples of such companies include British Petroleum (BP), Cenovus Energy, Chevron, Eni, Imperial Oil, ExxonMobil, Repsol, Royal Dutch Shell, Suncor Energy and TotalEnergies. Integrated O&G companies played a central role in advancing energy availability and economic growth during the twentieth century. However, these companies now face the challenge of addressing the need for a new energy transition in the twenty-first century. This transition will involve a shift from fossil fuels to alternative fuels, such as renewable wind and solar energy, battery storage and nuclear energy. The extent to which these efforts will impact integrated oil companies (IOCs) and their assets depends on the global community's commitment to reducing demand for hydrocarbons. In the extreme, these companies may go out of business. Efforts by IOCs to adapt their business models will also affect their viability. Thus, IOCs face an important choice that will define their role in the energy transition. On the one hand, they can observe the energy transition without participating. Potential repercussions of this choice include lost business and investments and increased financial penalties in the form of carbon pricing. On the other hand, they can play an active role in the energy transition by committing to decarbonize the industry. For example, they can invest in carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) and explore geothermal energy. They may incorporate solar and wind power and move toward a low-carbon hydrogen economy. In summary, this study investigates the role of IOCs in the next major energy transition. The key points are as follows: IOCs were leaders of the 20th century energy transition to oil. However, they are now the incumbent players in the industry and face a prisoner's dilemma in responding to the transition to green energy.IOCs have been replaced by national oil companies (NOCs), independent operators and oil field service companies (OFSCs) as major suppliers and drivers of innovation.The integrated business models of IOCs can adapt to new business practices. However, IOCs tend to lack flexibility in implementing new business practices compared to independent companies.Innovation for the energy transition requires new entrants and specialized operators, such as OFSCs, to take the lead.To respond to uncertainties around climate regulation and shifting investor sentiment, IOCs can seek partners in climate coalitions, such as the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI), targeting cooperation.Strategic advantages in reservoir management can be used to advocate for CCUS as a decarbonization service for IOCs’ downstream consumers.
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Pinto, Jaqueline, and Kennedy Chege. "Regulating Green and Low-Carbon Hydrogen in Africa: A Case Study of South Africa." In Africa International Conference on Clean Energy and Energy Storage. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-pv7uh9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The production of the most abundant chemical element in the atmosphere, hydrogen, particularly green hydrogen (i.e. hydrogen in its cleanest and most sustainable form), is quickly becoming a priority for nations worldwide. This interest is mainly attributed to, among other factors, its potential to serve as a cornerstone of the global energy transition to low-carbon economies. Green hydrogen possesses the potential to decarbonize the so-called “hard-to-abate,” sectors i.e., energy-intensive sectors, such as heavy industries, iron and steel production, and transportation - including aviation and shipping, among other economic sectors.The growing focus on the adoption of green hydrogen as a viable decarbonization pathway must be viewed against the backdrop of global commitments and international imperatives to address the adverse effects of climate change. Such commitments emanate from instruments such as the Paris Agreement of 2015 and obligations towards meeting the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Further, the “Just Energy Transition" journey towards decarbonization must also be contextualized within different jurisdictions, in line with their situations and context-specific goals, geographic locations, and policy frameworks.Much like other nations worldwide, the South African regulatory framework for hydrogen is still emerging, as it is presently dominated by soft law instruments such as roadmaps, strategies and guiding documents, as opposed to binding and enforceable hard law instruments. For example, the South African Hydrogen Society Roadmap of 2022, the Integrated Resource Plan, the Integrated Energy Plan, and the Renewable Energy Policy, among other significant policy documents, highlight the fundamental role that green hydrogen would play in South Africa’s energy transition. Whilst other legal and policy documents may apply to the hydrogen value chain, such as the various safety requirements in the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1996, there is a lacuna of hydrogen-specific hard law regulation, including, importantly, regulations regarding certification (which will need to be aligned internationally).In light of the above, this paper discusses the potential of green hydrogen in the context of South Africa and explores the current position in the country. It further canvasses emerging developments within the hydrogen space. This analysis aims to identify gaps or lacunas in the law, risks, and challenges for South Africa’s hydrogen economy. The article proceeds to provide recommendations for a policy and regulatory regime for hydrogen in Southern Africa. It draws on examples from countries and regions such as the European Union (EU), which are further along in terms of regulating hydrogen, but contextualizing this discussion within the African, and specifically Southern African context. This budding industry provides an opportunity to learn from past energy mistakes and create an appropriate regulatory and policy framework that works and benefits Africa.
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Onorati, Chiara. "ITALIAN LEGISLATION IN FORCE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY COMMUNITIES AND CITIZENS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s17.69.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern way of life using means of producing energy through renewables and forming a part of energy communities and citizen energy communities represent innovative resources. National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), redefines an update of the objectives of both the Integrated National Energy and Climate Plane (INECP) and the long-term strategy for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, to reflect the changes that have occurred in the meantime in Europe. In detail, this article aims to ponder on the path taken by the Italian legislator, for energy communities and for selfconsumption. The transitional incentive rules (Article 42-bis of D.L. no 162/2019) issued primarily, will have to be revised with those outlined in Legislative Decree no 199/2021 to transpose the RED II Directive and in Legislative Decree no 210/2021 to transpose Directive 2019/944/EU. The method followed will be the preparation of a unique code. In this way, it will be possible to prepare suitable organizational and procedural models to start projects for the establishment of energy communities in a short time. The scope of this article looks into proposing new, useful, and necessary models to the simplify the authorizing mechanisms in order to construct and exercise the relative infrastructures. In the course of 2022, the first steps have already been taken, such as the Competition Law (L. no 118/2022), especially since the Italian Government will have to adopt by 27 August 2023, one or more legislative decrees to adapt to European law, Reorganize and simplify the regulation of renewable energy sources and reduce the regulatory burden on citizens and businesses.
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Nkang, D., I. Iyalla, R. Mahon, and I. Amber. "Energy Transition in Nigeria: A Decarbonisation Strategy for the Oil and Gas Value Chain through Integrated Renewable Energy Technologies." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/223135-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The global energy landscape is transforming and is shifting toward cleaner energy sources to mitigate the effects of climate change. As such, traditional oil and gas operators are decarbonising and diversifying their existing oil and gas portfolios while transitioning toward becoming leaders of the energy transition. This work presents a downstream oil and gas supply chain (OGSC) decarbonisation strategy for a petrol filling station in Nigeria. It applies the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) decision-making techniques to identify the most appropriate renewable energy source (solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, and bioenergy) technology to be adopted and a techno-economic analysis of the selected renewable energy source. Results revealed that a Solar Photovoltaics (PV) System is the most suitable renewable energy technology to be implemented based on technical, economic, environmental, and social factors. System modelling and analysis showed that the off-grid Solar PV System consisting of a 17 kW Solar PV and a 4500 Ah battery system can provide all the electricity requirements for the petrol filling station. Financial modelling results indicate that over a 15-year period, this decarbonisation strategy will be less expensive than grid purchased electricity. Additionally, this decarbonisation strategy has a positive impact on the environment as it eliminates the need for grid purchased electricity – a significant share of which is generated from natural gas. Overall, the result of this study supports Nigeria's Nationally Determined Contributions and Energy Transition Plan as it empirically demonstrates the use of Solar PV in decarbonising the downstream OGSC while being a financially and environmentally advantageous investment – a pathway helping to achieve Nigeria's Carbon Neutrality by 2060.
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Kljajić, Miroslav. "Analysis of the heat pumps applicability in the district heating system." In 54th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition. SMEITS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/kghk.023.111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main intention of the work is to check and analyze the applicability of heat pumps in the district heating system, in accordance with the criteria defined by the Integrated national energy and climate plan. It is basically an integrated solution that has various implications for the energy system, which are of a technical, economic and envi-ronmental nature. Modern district heating system can integrate low-emission or climate neutral energy sources and technologies, especially in urban settings where neighborhood solutions can work well. The advantages and disad-vantages of investing in such systems need to be carefully assessed in each case and in relation with other, potentially more cost-effective and sustainable local solutions. Presented strategy highlights the twin benefits, environmental risks mitigation and security of supply improvement, combining energy efficient technology and conservation measures with switching to waste energy use in district heating system. The proposed development strategy of the utility company includes the development of new heat sources, the revitalization of existing systems, and consume expansion. Development of new heat sources involves building of a new heat pump capacity in parallel with the introduction of locally available heat sources and increase the availabil-ity of the heat supply service to a larger number of consumers. Existing district heating system lacks capacity (in near future), and instead of building new boilers, a heat pump can be a suitable alternative. Heat production by the heat pumps can sustainably utilize the heat energy of purified water from the Waste water treatment plant, and thus substi-tutes the combustion of natural gas in the heating plants’ boilers. Aim of proposal idea is utilization of waste low-temperature heat out of wastewater by a heat pump and feed in the district heating network. Wastewater from the city is collected in a sewer system and treated in a wastewater treatment plant in the northern part of the city. An integral part of the concept is the construction of the missing hot water routes and interconnections (4 km of district heating pipeline is required), as well as the modernization of the heating substations. To utilization of waste heat out of wastewater by a heat pump, the 3 separated networks could be connected to gain a continuous and integrated operation. This is necessary to fully utilize the potential of the heat pumps’ production. This paper was prepared in the framework of „The Renewable District Energy in the Western Balkans Pro-gramme (the ReDEWeB Programme)” as support to integrated urban and sustainable energy systems, which is fi-nanced by the Austrian government and supported by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The concept is the result of good cooperation between programme participants and the Public utility compa-ny “Drugi oktobar”, Vršac.
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Diaz, Suhail Felicia, Luigi Alfonso Saputelli, Maria Angela Capello, Herminio Passalacqua, and Elvis Hernandez-Perdomo. "Forecasting Asset Lifecycle Profitability Through Energy Efficiency and CO2 Utilization Initiatives." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209666-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Under a new energy landscape, oil and gas operators are more focused on energy efficiencies to satisfy global Climate Change initiatives driven by the Paris Agreement (COP21), and pursuing SDG13, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13, Climate Change. The new approach influences production predictions associated with energy balances and GHG emissions. Estimating the initial baseline and forecasting CO2 emissions along the hydrocarbon value chain is the first step to address Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS) goals and build a carbon-free future for new generations to come. Given the complex nature of upstream operations, a model was built to estimate associated carbon emissions. The model comprehensively covers the oil and gas value chain, including wells, gathering centers, booster stations, and effluent water disposal plants. The main inputs are the uncertainties and decisions to obtain the asset(s) production and cash flow forecasts, which combines several variables including field development philosophy, reservoir productivity, drilling and workover activities, producing effluents treatment options, corporate targets, technical-economic assumptions, and other system constraints to estimate profits and CO2 emissions. The model can provide the system's carbon intensity, raise alarms, and identify potential energy efficiency efforts to be incorporated in the company's business plan and annual budget. The model output presents operators and decision-makers with several mitigation actions to assess energy savings in the oil and gas sector related to energy generation and consumption in the short and long-term plan and CCUS projects at the reservoir level. Several case studies showcase how companies can save 8-20% on projects by implementing technology and best practices. Examples of which include but are not limited to revamping Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), advanced modeling to reduce energy consumption, variable frequency drivers and high-efficiency motors, use of turbines, heat exchangers, and friction reducers. This model can translate the operating condition of the field into CAPEX/OPEX optimizations, compliance costs reductions, cost savings incentives (e.g., carbon pricing, taxes), and future technological advancements (e.g., Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage - CCUS). This initiative integrates many variables to promote robust scenarios under strict corporate targets and ambitious regulations. Some reflections on the role of policies and regulations are provided, to trigger reflections about corporate and individual standings for Scopes 1, 2, and 3 in the overall Net-Zero efforts of oil and gas operators. Volume-based competition between operators is over. Oil and gas companies are pursuing more integrated targets, where profitability framed by net-zero targets is key to remain competitive in a new energy context, and their corporate goals connected with diversification and business models aimed to achieve SDS commitments, framed by selected SDGs.
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Diaz, Suhail Felicia, Luigi Alfonso Saputelli, Maria Angela Capello, Herminio Passalacqua, and Elvis Hernandez-Perdomo. "Forecasting Asset Lifecycle Profitability Through Energy Efficiency and CO2 Utilization Initiatives." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209666-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Under a new energy landscape, oil and gas operators are more focused on energy efficiencies to satisfy global Climate Change initiatives driven by the Paris Agreement (COP21), and pursuing SDG13, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13, Climate Change. The new approach influences production predictions associated with energy balances and GHG emissions. Estimating the initial baseline and forecasting CO2 emissions along the hydrocarbon value chain is the first step to address Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS) goals and build a carbon-free future for new generations to come. Given the complex nature of upstream operations, a model was built to estimate associated carbon emissions. The model comprehensively covers the oil and gas value chain, including wells, gathering centers, booster stations, and effluent water disposal plants. The main inputs are the uncertainties and decisions to obtain the asset(s) production and cash flow forecasts, which combines several variables including field development philosophy, reservoir productivity, drilling and workover activities, producing effluents treatment options, corporate targets, technical-economic assumptions, and other system constraints to estimate profits and CO2 emissions. The model can provide the system's carbon intensity, raise alarms, and identify potential energy efficiency efforts to be incorporated in the company's business plan and annual budget. The model output presents operators and decision-makers with several mitigation actions to assess energy savings in the oil and gas sector related to energy generation and consumption in the short and long-term plan and CCUS projects at the reservoir level. Several case studies showcase how companies can save 8-20% on projects by implementing technology and best practices. Examples of which include but are not limited to revamping Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), advanced modeling to reduce energy consumption, variable frequency drivers and high-efficiency motors, use of turbines, heat exchangers, and friction reducers. This model can translate the operating condition of the field into CAPEX/OPEX optimizations, compliance costs reductions, cost savings incentives (e.g., carbon pricing, taxes), and future technological advancements (e.g., Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage - CCUS). This initiative integrates many variables to promote robust scenarios under strict corporate targets and ambitious regulations. Some reflections on the role of policies and regulations are provided, to trigger reflections about corporate and individual standings for Scopes 1, 2, and 3 in the overall Net-Zero efforts of oil and gas operators. Volume-based competition between operators is over. Oil and gas companies are pursuing more integrated targets, where profitability framed by net-zero targets is key to remain competitive in a new energy context, and their corporate goals connected with diversification and business models aimed to achieve SDS commitments, framed by selected SDGs.
Звіти організацій з теми "National integrated plan for energy and climate"
1
Hultman, Martin, and Kavya Michael. Sweden’s Integrated Energy and Climate Plan: An analysis. Users TCP, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47568/7xr132.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sweden has positioned itself internationally as a forerunner of sustainable energy technologies (even at the household level) and progressive climate policies in line with the Paris Agreement (Ring et al 2022). Simultaneously Sweden is globally known as an advocate of gender equality and welfare proudly discussed in state policies as well as wider societal discourses (Arora Jonsson 2009). Historically this is the image of Sweden irrespective of political affiliations (be it the Social Democrats or Conservatives) the governments have tried to present to the outside world. In this context we conduct a critical analysis of Sweden’s Integrated Energy and Climate Plan or 1 The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), an externally facing key document at EU level for communicating these issues, through an energy user’s perspective adopting a social/gender justice lens. How is such image of Sweden as champion of gender equality and promoter of welfare policies holding when digging deep into a key document of this kind?
2
Hultman, Martin, and Kavya Michael. Sweden’s Integrated Energy and Climate Plan: An analysis. Users TCP, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47568/xr7132.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sweden has positioned itself internationally as a forerunner of sustainable energy technologies (even at the household level) and progressive climate policies in line with the Paris Agreement (Ring et al 2022). Simultaneously Sweden is globally known as an advocate of gender equality and welfare proudly discussed in state policies as well as wider societal discourses (Arora Jonsson 2009). Historically this is the image of Sweden irrespective of political affiliations (be it the Social Democrats or Conservatives) the governments have tried to present to the outside world. In this context we conduct a critical analysis of Sweden’s Integrated Energy and Climate Plan or 1The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), an externally facing key document at EU level for communicating these issues, through an energy user’s perspective adopting a social/gender justice lens. How is such image of Sweden as champion of gender equality and promoter of welfare policies holding when digging deep into a key document of this kind?
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Ricci, Glenn, Sarah Gaines, and Amanda Babson. Integrated coastal climate change vulnerability assessment: George Washington Birthplace National Monument. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2304901.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Through a series of workshops, a team of National Park Service, University of Rhode Island and related experts conducted a climate change vulnerability assessment to integrate issues across natural resources, cultural resources, and facilities for George Washington Birthplace National Monument (NM). This assessment used existing methods (Ricci et al. 2019a) and data, and expert knowledge to understand the general trends in current (2022) and future (2050, 2100) vulnerability and adaptive capacity. Climate stressors included sea level rise (SLR), storm surge, flooding, erosion rates, and precipitation and temperature changes. The results of the assessment are presented for each of the three workgroups: cultural resources, natural resources, and facilities, as well as for two key geographic focal areas ? the Shoreline and the Memorial Core. Cultural landscapes, historic features and archeological sites that comprise the core values of the park are already being impacted by ongoing erosion, sea level rise, and storms, all of which are accelerated by climate change. The Ice Pond Dam was identified as a critical feature, both as a cultural resource and a facility asset, which is vulnerable to flash flooding and serves as a weak link for critical systems of communications, electricity, and access. Bluff monitoring designed to identify paleontological resources can benefit archeological resources as well. As erosion rates increase, newly uncovered archeological resources may drive a push for excavation. However, undercutting of the bluff makes any excavation or information reconnaissance on the archeological sites more difficult or dangerous due to the possibility of bluff edge sloughing or collapse. There is a recognized need to strengthen tribal partnerships to understand the priority for management of these resources. Tribal consultations initiated by the park are now underway. Any archeological excavation will result in loss of context and require additional storage capacity. Evaluation of potential shoreline stabilization techniques would need to consider how they would impact the viewshed and cultural landscape. Recommendations also included conducting an updated cultural landscape plan for the Memorial Core to consider tree management, including tree replacement in consideration of wind damage potential and because of the likelihood that extended warm seasons will lead to a longer period of pest activity. The vulnerability assessment data and maps can be a valuable resource for jumpstarting the adaptation planning process and integrating into existing planning processes. They can be used to engage with partners and help them appreciate the underlying vulnerability issues and changes over time.
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Badieijaryani, Azadeh, Beatrix Hausner, Samira Karner, and David Horvath. Austria’s Integrated Energy and Climate Plan, Mission 2030, Langfriststrategie 2050, and Regierungsprogramm 2020-2024: A critical analysis. Users TCP, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47568/7xr133.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To conclude, despite Austria’s efforts toward social justice and gender equality, our analysis suggests that the selected policies are highly technical and do not deeply engage with the mentioned notions. While Austria moves toward becoming the global leader in energy innovation, its focus must not be limited to technology, but also the diverse user groups of such interventions. Moreover, we believe the inclusion of energy poverty, its working definition, and recommended measures, especially in the NECP document, is a good starting point for the Austrian policymakers to reflect more on social inclusions, those who are rendered invisible, and targeted measures for vulnerable and/or hard to reach people.
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Gonzalez Diez, Verónica M., John Redwood, and Lourdes Alvarez Prado. IDB-9: IDB Integrated Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation, and Sustainable and Renewable Energy. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010531.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper reviews the Inter-American Development Bank¿s Integrated Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation, and Sustainable and Renewable Energy (CCS). The Strategy was produced as a requirement of the IDB-9 Agreement and approved by Board of Executive Directors in March 2011. Management produced an Action Plan for the CCS in February 2012. Although the IDB-9 also mentions "food security" as a sector priority, the CCS does not include this topic, nor does it discuss "protection of the environment" more generally. In reviewing this and other sector strategies mandated in IDB-9, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) asks two questions: Does it make sense? and Does it make a difference? The CCS is based on strong analytical work, though it does not prioritize among different agendas/instruments or highlight a key comparative advantage of the Bank: the IDB¿s ability to use technical cooperation grants to help its client countries prepare new investment operations and build needed institutional capacity. The CCS does not identify risks or provide indicators and a monitoring and evaluation framework for implementing the Strategy. IDB-9 provides a lending target of 25% by 2015 for operations for climate change, renewable energy, and sustainable environment. The number of operations has indeed increased over time. In January 2012, the Office of Strategic Planning and Development Effectiveness approved guidelines for classifying lending program priorities (GN-2650) to help ensure consistent classification and compliance with IDB-9 lending targets. These guidelines are very broad and have led to classifying about one-third of the IDB portfolio under these objectives in 2011 and 2012. It is unclear whether these numbers accurately reflect the actual size of the climate change portfolio. The Bank¿s internal staff capacity in the area of climate change has grown. The formal establishment of a Climate Change and Sustainability Division not only signals a more permanent Bank institutional commitment in and to this area, but also reportedly gives the unit greater autonomy and flexibility in terms of the operations it leads or co-leads with other divisions, including the division responsible for private sector operations. However, it is not clear if creating a new parallel sector division is the most appropriate and effective way of mainstreaming climate change considerations in the operations of other sectors. In sum, although the IDB has taken positive steps to increase its focus on climate change and environmental sustainability, the CSS is more of a conceptual document and an institutional confirmation of an evolving new area of engagement than a strategy to prioritize and guide this work.
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Moreda, Fekadu, Benjamin Lord, Mauro Nalesso, Pedro Coli Valdes Daussa, and Juliana Corrales. Hydro-BID: New Functionalities (Reservoir, Sediment and Groundwater Simulation Modules). Inter-American Development Bank, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009312.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) provides financial and technicalsupport for infrastructure projects in water and sanitation, irrigation, flood control, transport, and energy, and for development projects in agriculture, urban systems, and natural resources. Many of these projects depend upon water resources and may be affected negatively by climate change and other developments that alter water availability, such as population growth and shifts in land use associated with urbanization, industrial growth, and agricultural practices. Assessing the potential for future changes in water availability is an important step toward ensuring that infrastructure and other development projects meet their operational, financial, and economic goals. It is also important to examine the implications of such projects for the future allocation of available water among competing users and uses to mitigate potential conflict and to ensure such projects are consistent with long-term regional development plans and preservation of essential ecosystem services. As part of its commitment to help member countries adapt to climate change, the IDB is sponsoring work to develop and apply the Regional Water Resources Simulation Model for Latin America and the Caribbean, an integrated suite of watershed modeling tools known as Hydro-BID. Hydro-BID is a highly scalable modeling system that includes hydrology and climate analysis modules to estimate the availability of surface water (stream flows) at the regional, basin, and sub-basin scales. The system includes modules for incorporating the effects of groundwater and reservoirs on surface water flows and for estimating sediment loading. Data produced by Hydro-BID are useful for water balance analysis, water allocation decisions, and economic analysis and decision support tools to help decision-makers make informed choices among alternative designs for infrastructure projects and alternative policies for water resources management. IDB sponsored the development of Hydro-BID and provides the software and basic training free of charge to authorized users; see hydrobidlac.org. The system was developed by RTI International as an adaptation of RTI's proprietary WaterFALL® modeling software, based on over 30 years of experience developing and using the U.S. National Hydrography Dataset (NHDPlus) in support to the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In Phase I of this effort, RTI prepared a working version of Hydro-BID that includes: (1) the Analytical Hydrography Dataset for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC AHD), a digital representation of 229,300 catchments in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean with their corresponding topography, river, and stream segments; (2) a geographic information system (GIS)-based navigation tool to browse AHD catchments and streams with the capability of navigating upstream and downstream; (3) a user interface for specifying the area and period to be modeled and the period and location for which water availability will be simulated; (4) a climate data interface to obtain rainfall and temperature inputs for the area and period of interest; (5) a rainfall-runoff model based on the Generalized Watershed Loading Factor (GWLF) formulation; and (6) a routing scheme for quantifying time of travel and cumulative flow estimates across downstream catchments. Hydro-BID generates output in the form of daily time series of flow estimates for the selected location and period. The output can be summarized as a monthly time series at the user's discretion. In Phase II of this effort, RTI has prepared an updated version of Hydro-BID that includes (1) improvements to the user interface; (2) a module to simulate the effect of reservoirs on downstream flows; (3) a module to link Hydro-BID and groundwater models developed with MODFLOW and incorporate water exchanges between groundwater and surface water compartments into the simulation of sur
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Tipton, Emma, and Keith Seitter. Actionable Scientific Assessments for the Energy Sector. American Meteorological Society, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/energy-sector-assessment-2022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There is an innate and critical relationship between energy and weather, water, and climate. As the deployment of renewable energy, particularly wind and solar energy, increases, so too does dependence on weather and weather variability. Understanding, accounting for, and communicating weather and climate variables is therefore critical for the planning and optimization of the energy system. This puts increasing pressure on the scientific community, and particularly those working on the weather and climate aspects of renewables, to provide the right information to meet the key decision-making needs of the energy sector. This study is the second of two pilot projects on the provision of actionable information for decision-making through the tailored and targeted assessment of weather and climate science. This study confirmed that excellent progress is being made on a variety of fronts associated with renewable energy, which is critically important as we move to increase use of renewables. A consistent theme in the discussions under this study, however, is the need to bring together many disparate types of data, modeling, and analyses toward convergent tools that adequately address the complex interconnectedness of a national power system built on renewable sources. In many ways, the most significant finding of this study is the need for major convergence research efforts to build the necessary historical reanalysis datasets, integrated weather-energy forecast models, and policy and regulatory frameworks that can leverage current disciplinary research efforts.
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Viana, Letícia, Britaldo Soares Filho, Letícia Lima, and Maria Bowman. Challenges for Low-Carbon Agriculture and Forest Conservation in Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008990.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper discusses the feedbacks between climate change, deforestation, and agricultural expansion and presents scenarios of agricultural demand and forest conservation and restoration policies in Brazil. In addition, it discusses the implications of these scenarios for food and befoul supply, the provision of ecosystem services, and climate change mitigation. Modeling these scenarios provides an integrated assessment of plausible pathways for achieving the goals of the National Climate Change Plan, for making an objective source of information available for the debate on the Forest Code, and for supporting Brazil's cropland expansion plan as well as anticipating potential conflicts.
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Tilli, Francesca, and Angelo Baggini. Analysis of the Technological Innovation System for BIPV in Italy. IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69766/ispe8690.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Italian BIPV experienced a strong innovation period with the past FiT Law (around 2.5 GW of BIPV capacity installed), followed by a decrease and then a recovery from 2017. TIS analysis shows a niche BIPV market today with significant potential from the past FiT Law and for the new challenges of the Italian National Energy and Climate Plan, with some difficulties to overcome such as costs, performance, lack of BIPV associations, and permitting in historical cities.
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Tabakovic, Momir, Stefan Savic, Andreas Türk, Thomas Schostal, Gabriele Eder, Karl Berger, Dieter Moor, Lukas Gaisberger, Michael Grobbauer, and Hubert Fechner. Analysis of the Technological Innovation System for BIPV in Austria. Edited by Michiel Van Noord. International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69766/aocp4683.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This report analyses the Technological Innovation System (TIS) of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in Austria. The study’s scope is consistent with the IEA PVPS Task 15 report [1].The analysis aims to facilitate and support the innovation, development, and implementation of industrial solutions of BIPV technologies. In Austria, the use of BIPV is still a niche application and covers under 2% of all implemented PV systems [1]. BIPV technology in Austria has historically developed with the support of different public financial incentives, national and European. The history of BIPV is somehow tightened to the history of PV. The first BIPV prototypes were developed by PV companies in the framework of national or European research activities, with the first development and innovation projects starting around 2003. In general, it should be mentioned that in the last years, PV and BIPV companies have increased specialization in the production of BIPV, especially colored and semitransparent PV modules. In this regard, a wide range of variants are offered (printing, coating, films). The colored components are mainly purchased from glass companies or polymer film producers. Another trend in Austria is the production of transparent glass/glass modules for integration in facades, skylights, winter gardens, or courtyard roofing. In 2020, the government of Austria presented a program called EAG (Erneuerabre Ausbau Gesetz) or Renewable Expansion Act [3.3.1 Hard institutions]containing certain working points to be implemented by 2024. Some of the measures are directly or indirectly relevant to the BIPV development and installation. Such as the PV encapsulation films using interference pigment technology from Lenzing Plastics. This TIS assessed the BIPV market through eight functional areas and provided the following results: ⁃ The analysis of knowledge development showed that it can be classified as moderate. On the one hand, there are not enough training and further education opportunities in the field of BIPV available, but on the other hand, the PV manufacturers and research institutions are driving forward the development of knowledge in the field of BIPV. ⁃ Knowledge dissemination is well advanced internationally within the research community but insufficient at the practical, national level, particularly between the PV industry and the construction sector. Architects are demanding more information from PV manufacturers and suppliers, who share their information only irregularly with the architectural community. Usually, architects obtain this information from PV technology platforms through workshops, brochures, and projects. However, architects have to engage with it more extensively. The goal is to make BIPV more appealing to architects. Thus, we have to summarize that knowledge dissemination is inadequate/weak. ⁃ Entrepreneurial willingness to experiment can be classified as moderate. Overall, it can be said that there are four players in the Austrian BIPV market and a substantial number of newcomers and small innovative players who could take the role of innovation drivers. However, there are too few opportunities for highly specialized small companies. ⁃ Resource mobilization is well positioned financially and in terms of network services. However, and this is essential if we want to expand the BIPV market strongly, there is a lack of skilled personnel (human resources) to carry out the expansion, which is why this function is rated to only be moderate. ⁃ The scoring of social capital is weak. The connection where there is a lack of communication is between the (BI)PV planner and the architects. In most projects, the (BI)PV planner is not involved in the early stages of the building design process. In addition, conventional PV planners have no experience or are hesitant of planning BIPV systems. ⁃ The legitimacy is moderate, but as the acceptance of PV improves from year to year, the chance of better acceptance of PV integrated into the building, i.e., BIPV, also increases. However, there are still reservations and resistance towards individual, specific BIPV projects. This resistance could be reduced by increasing knowledge about the multifunctional possibilities of BIPV at the decision-maker and customer stage as well as by showing best practice examples - Guidance of the search is moderate, as there are no specific political targets for BIPV, but there are for PV. However, the government and relevant authorities aim to implement clean energy development positively and apply applicable policies and regulations. There is an increased subsidy for innovative PV solutions [2] which also includes BIPV. ⁃ It can be stated that the market formation of BIPV in Austria still offers room for improvement. When it comes to governmental-driven incentives and support for the BIPVmarket development, the missing technical standards (e.g., fire safety regulations) and the absence of regulatory obligations on renewable energies in the local building codes are the biggest weaknesses. The structural and functional analysis is followed by a coupled structural-functional analysis. This assessment will help identify weaknesses and strengths and recommend strategies that will enable the growth of BIPV from a niche market to a major market segment. The aim is for photovoltaics (PV) on buildings to be primarily designed as Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) to reduce additional costs. This, combined with the avoided costs for other components of the building, should result in cost parity with Building-Applied Photovoltaics (BAPV). It is also crucial to encourage all manufacturers of building envelope components to ensure that their products offer the dual benefit of serving as building components while also generating electricity. By doing so, such products can become standard in the industry. The transition from BAPV to BIPV was already analyzed in a 2015 BIPV brochure [2] from the Austrian Photovoltaics Technology Platform (TPPV), which discussed the advantages of an integrated solution versus an attached solution and outlined the necessary steps to make BIPV the standard for building PV. The recommendations are summarized as follows: i) It is important to involve (BI)PV in the early stages of the building planning process. ii) successful implementation projects must be made public through various channels to increase knowledge about BIPV technology and its possibilities (e.g., lighthouse projects in public buildings). iii) PV standards and construction codes have to be harmonized. iv) The Austrian government should stipulate the use of PV in the obligatory building specifications. v) Another recommendation would be to enact a law requiring every sealed area to be checked for dual use with (BI)PV. One positive development worth mentioning is the Climate Fund's Lighthouse call, which focuses specifically on integrated PV and offers higher grants for BIPV than the Renewable Expansion Act] , demonstrating increased interest and commitment to this technology. In addition, the TPPV Innovation Awards, which were awarded for the first time specifically for building-integrated PV and now include other topics of PV integration outside of buildings, are a sign that the industry is broadening its perspective and recognizing the importance of BIPV beyond traditional applications. These developments could help to further promote the acceptance and deployment of BIPV and drive innovation in this area. Nevertheless, it is important to consider the significantly higher costs of BIPV products, as well as the greatly increased planning effort that arises when PV becomes an integral building product.