Дисертації з теми "National deficit"
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Kožuch, Michal. "Národní účty České republiky se zaměřením na vládní dluh a vládní deficit." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10813.
Повний текст джерелаBrinkman, William B. M. D. "Association Between Substance Use and Current Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in a National Sample of Adolescents." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368028561.
Повний текст джерелаDougan, Michael. "Redefining the Community's enforcement deficit : the judicial harmonisation of national remedies and procedural rules in a differentiated Europe." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272793.
Повний текст джерелаŠubrtová, Kateřina. "Politický proces tvorby, schvalování a plnění českého státního rozpočtu a jeho tendence k deficitu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192789.
Повний текст джерелаDenk, Robert. "The quantity theory v. the income expenditures theory using Robert Eisner's adjusted federal budget deficit." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41909.
Повний текст джерелаChmelová, Pavla. "Analýza vývoje hospodaření veřejných rozpočtů České republiky od roku 1993 do současnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113270.
Повний текст джерелаGrimmer, Lukáš. "Státní dluh České republiky - příčiny, důsledky, řešení." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-195470.
Повний текст джерелаІлляшенко, Тетяна Олексіївна, Татьяна Алексеевна Ильяшенко, Tetiana Oleksiivna Illiashenko та А. Л. Бойко. "Проблема бюджетного дефицита в Украине". Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/50148.
Повний текст джерелаQuintin, Coralie. "La règle d'équilibre budgétaire : Comparaison Europe - Canada." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD040.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of the principles of balance in the budget and the rules of budgetary discipline which ensue from it is connected to the succession of periods of budgetary disorder and economic crises. In a general way, in these occasions of new rules are adopted and implemented. They aim all to clean up the public finances by means of the strict observation of a rule of balance in the budget. However, the results obtained by the implementation of these rules are not always satisfactory what leads today to wonder either about the relevance and the efficiency of rules but on the institutional, economic and monetary environments in which they are operated. Canada seems, in this way, to appear as a ground favorable to the observation of a budgetarydiscipline of the balance while on the subject the European Union still suffers from its "hybrid" status
Dunovska, Jolanta. "Lietuvos mokėjimų balansas: analizė ir perspektyvos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090204_112819-98560.
Повний текст джерелаIn this final master work under consideration are Lithuania national payments balance, its structure and regulation methods. Enlarge under consideration are current payments account and its deficit. Statistical national payments balance data analysis is executable from 1998 to 2007. Payments balance accounts (current, fund, financial) interdependence are well considered and relation common balance of payments account with GDP is pending in this work. At last national balance of payments prognostication is feasable in few methods to see its perspectives in future. After theoretical and practical aspects inspecting, finding and offering are proposed.
Valentová, Půlpánová Lenka. "International standards for statistics on the government sector." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125221.
Повний текст джерелаЛопаткина, И. В., та Ю. В. Поготовка. "Влияние экономического потенциала Испании на формирование конкурентоспособности страны в условиях кризиса". Thesis, Дніпровський національний університет ім. Олеся Гончара, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/57369.
Повний текст джерелаThe article addresses the influence of country’s national economy potential on its competitiveness in crisis environment, as well as analyses the development of economy as a whole. The arguments for the Spain’s possible success in exiting the recession are presented together with the competitive advantages of Spain in comparison with other Eurozone countries. The article summarizes the opinions of experts concerning the situation in Spain and elaborates on existing research.
В статті розглядається вплив потенціалу національної економіки країни на її конкурентоспроможність в умовах кризи, аналізується розвиток економіки в цілому,наводяться аргументи можливого успіху Іспанії щодо виходу з рецесії і конкурентні переваги даної держави у порівнянні з іншими країнами єврозони, узагальнюються думки експертів відносно економічної ситуації в Іспанії, пропонуються деякі висновки за темою дослідження.
Freitas, Filho Paulo Roberto de Sousa. "Efeitos do investimento em infraestrutura e de suas formas de financiamento no Brasil: uma abordagem de equilíbrio geral computável." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5017.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Although infrastructure investment has a central role in economic development, it declined considerably in Brazil during the 1980 and 1990 decades. At the beginning of the 2000s it amounted to 2.2 \% of GDP, while in China and Chile it amounted to 7.3 \% and 6.5 \% of GDP, respectively. The private investment in infrastructure was not enough to offset the decline in public investment, which occurred because of the government's effort to achieve primary surpluses. Thus, the government faces a dilemma between balancing the budget and increasing the investment. In order to achieve the two goals, the investment must be financed. The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact of an increase in the infrastructure investment and its financing in the Brazilian economy. To do it, a dynamic computable general equilibrium model is used. It is simulated an increase in the investment for two years, equal to 1 \% of the GDP. The results show that, in the first three years, the increase in the GDP growth rate is higher when the investment is financed by reducing the government consumption (0.73 \%), it is moderate when the financing is done through the tax on production (0.33 \%) or foreign savings (0.34 \%), and it is lower when the financing is done by increasing the income tax (0.28 \%). Construction was the fastest growing sector (2.39 \% on average in the first 3 years). The contribution of this work was to obtain clear and useful results for policy making, enhance the understanding of the effects of infrastructure investment financing in the Brazilian economy, and analyze the sectorial impacts of this investment.
Embora o investimento em infraestrutura tenha um papel central no desenvolvimento econômico, ele reduziu-se muito no Brasil nas décadas 1980 e 1990. No início da década de 2000 equivalia a 2,2%do PIB, enquanto que na China e no Chile correspondia a 7,3% e 6,5%do PIB, respectivamente. O investimento privado em infraestrutura, não foi suficiente para compensar a redução do investimento público, que ocorreu por causa do esforço do governo para obter superávits primários. Assim, o governo enfrenta um dilema entre obter o equilíbrio orçamentário ou aumentar o investimento público. Para que os dois objetivos sejam alcançados é preciso que o investimento seja financiado. O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar o impacto do aumento do investimento em infraestrutura e de seu financiamento na economia brasileira. Para isso, utiliza-se um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável dinâmico. E simulado o aumento do investimento durante 2 anos, equivalente a 1 % do PIB. Os resultados mostram que, nos três primeiros anos, o aumento da taxa de crescimento do PIB é maior quando o investimento é financiado pela redução do consumo do governo (0,73 %), é moderada quando o financiamento é feito através do imposto sobre a produção (0,33 %) ou da poupança externa (0,34 %) e é menor quando o financiamento é feito através do aumento do imposto de renda (0,28 %). O setor que mais cresceu foi o de construção (2,39% em média nos 3 primeiros anos). A contribuição desse trabalho foi obter resultados claros e úteis para a tomada de decisões políticas, ampliar a compreensão dos efeitos do financiamento do investimento em infraestrutura na economia brasileira e analisar os impactos setoriais de tal investimento.
Debras, Lucile. "Les relations entre le Parlement européen et les parlements nationaux depuis 1979 : étude comparative des cas allemands, belges et français." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030150.
Повний текст джерелаThis research analyses the evolution of the relationship between the European Parliament (EP) and the national parliaments of Belgium, France and the Federal Republic of Germany, from the first direct election of the EP in 1979 until the start of the constitutional debate at the beginning of the 21st century. The objective is to understand the direction of this evolution, the function of interparliamentary relations in the European Union (EU) and for the States, to measure their efficiency at reducing the democratic deficit in the UE, for these interparliamentary relations are often justified as a means of resolving this problem. We will focus on the interaction between national parliaments to determine their strategy, multilaterally or unilaterally, towards the EP, and on the strategy of the EP given the role of the national parliaments in the EU. The positioning of parliaments vis-à-vis the interparliamentary cooperation are characterised by national traditions, as the internal debates demonstrate. So the cooperation did not really exist in the first phase. In the second phase of the turnout of the 1990’s it became a source of conflict but also of many initiatives: the creation of the Assizes, the Conference of Community Affairs Committees of Parliaments (COSAC) or the French Parliament creating the debate with the “European Senate”. In a third phase, relations between the EP and the national parliaments are more formalised, thanks to the progressive recognition in the Treaties of Maastricht and Amsterdam, until the start of the debate on the future of Europe; they are confirmed with the Convent, whose task is to establish a European constitutional
Toïgo, Maude. "Productivité des forêts mélangées : effet de la diversité en essences dans un contexte climatique et édaphique variable." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2018.
Повний текст джерелаGlobal environmental changes may lead to a modification of abiotic factors and biological diversity. The production function in forest ecosystems has the particularity to be both subjected to, and a regulator of, these environmental changes. Understanding how forest productivity is driven by species diversity and environmental factors is therefore a critical issue. This PhD thesis studies how tree species mixture affects their productivity along edaphic and climatic gradients. Based on an approach using both an original dataset and the national forest inventory dataset, I focused on five major species of European forests in pure and two-species forests: Quercus petraea, Pinus sylvestris, Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba and Picea abies. In lowlands, abiotic factors had little impacts on the outcome of tree species mixture on productivity. In addition, the effect of tree species mixture was determined by the shade tolerance of companion species. In highlands, the positive effects of tree species mixture were strongest when the abiotic factors were the most limiting for growth. These results highlight the importance of considering abiotic factors and the functional characteristics of species as drivers of the effect of biological diversity on ecosystem functions
Carlsson, Camilla. "Europeiska Unionens demokratiska underskott : -en textanalys av Lissabonfördraget." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-31612.
Повний текст джерелаFaherty, Michael. "Consensus and Confusion: An Examination of Public Salience and Misperceptions of U.S. Budget Deficits and National Debt." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23834.
Повний текст джерелаДудченко, Вікторія Юріївна, Viktoriia Yuriivna Dudchenko та Виктория Юрьевна Дудченко. "Фінансово-економічний механізм регулювання державного боргу України". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51472.
Повний текст джерелаThe dissertation is devoted to theoretical substantiation for the financial and economic mechanism of state debt regulation and development of recommendations regarding its practical functioning. The paper offers a by stage structure of financial and economic mechanism of state debt regulation. It exposes the essence of the category “national debt” and its regulatory influence. The foreign experience of national debt regulation is explored. The paper analyzes the evolution of the structure and mechanism of national debt regulation and its basic elements. It further develops the ways for improving the mechanism of national debt regulation. It studies in depth the application of the base model of national debt dynamics in conditions of state budget proficit. The paper assesses the parameters of the national debt dynamics according to the system of indices existing in Ukraine. It offers the basic program of state debt regulation and ways to improve debt planning.
Диссертация посвящена теоретическому обоснованию построения финансово-экономического механизма регулирования государственного долга и разработке рекомендаций по его практическому действию. В работе сформирован Постадийный и поэлементную структуру финансово-экономического механизма регулирования государственного долга. Раскрыта сущность категории "государственный долг" и его пригодность к регуляторного влияния. Исследован зарубежный опыт регулирования государственного долга. Проанализирована эволюция структуры и механизма регулирования государственного долга по основным составляющим. Обоснованы пути совершенствования механизма регулирования государственного долга. Углубленно применения базовой модели динамики государственного долга за счет его рассмотрения в условиях профицита государственного бюджета. Осуществлена оценка параметров модели динамики удельного государственного долга в соответствии с действующей системы показателей в Украине. Предложены основные принципы программы регулирования государственного долга и направления совершенствования долгового планирования.
Leite, Marcel Guedes. "Economia política das finanças subnacionais: teoria e análise empírica para os vinte e sete estados brasileiros na década de noventa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/4644.
Повний текст джерелаThe work investigates the determinants of the public finances of the Brazilian state governments in the Nineties, staring from the hypothesis that, despite the economic elements will be prominent, the neoclassical conception of management of the public finances is not adequate to treat the fiscal question as a whole, requiring it be understood as a political economy problem. From the analysis of available literature on the subject, a model is considered to investigate the effective importance of noneconomic variables on the public deficit and on the expenses of the Brazilian states. To analyze the influence of the political and institutional variables chosen – the ideology of the party in the state government; ideological coincidence with the party in the federal executive; fragmentation of the political representation of the executive, and of the legislative power; electoral competitiveness; participation of the electorate in the elections; and electoral cycle – the models were estimated through the econometrical technique for panel data, with data of the twenty-six states and the Federal District in the 1990 to 2000 period. To represent the public expenses, it was been used the not financial current expenses divided by the state GDP and to represent the public deficit, the primary fiscal result (not financial expenditures and revenues) divided by the state GDP. For the public expenses, the econometrical work showed up the existence of significant influence of all the proposed variables, while for the primary fiscal result only three variables (electoral cycle, fragmentation of the executive power and ideological coincidence of parties in the state and federal executive) revealed acceptable in statistical terms.
O trabalho investiga os elementos condicionantes das finanças públicas dos governos estaduais brasileiros nos anos noventa, partindo da hipótese de que, a despeito dos elementos econômicos serem relevantes, a concepção neoclássica de gestão das finanças públicas não é adequada para tratar a questão fiscal em toda sua extensão, exigindo que ela seja entendida como um problema de economia política. A partir da análise da literatura disponível sobre o tema, é proposto um modelo para se investigar a importância efetiva de variáveis não econômicas sobre o déficit público e sobre os gastos dos estados brasileiros. Para analisar a influência das variáveis políticas e institucionais escolhidas ¿ ideologia do partido no governo estadual, coincidência ideológica com o partido no poder executivo federal, fragmentação da representação política do poder executivo, e do poder legislativo, grau de competitividade eleitoral, participação do eleitorado no pleito e ciclo eleitoral os modelos foram estimados através da técnica econométrica para dados de painel, com dados dos vinte e seis estados e Distrito Federal no período de 1990 a 2000. Para representar os gastos públicos foram utilizadas as despesas correntes não financeiras divididas pelo PIB estadual e para representar o déficit público, o resultado fiscal primário (despesas e receitas não financeiras) dividido pelo PIB estadual. Para os gastos públicos o trabalho econométrico evidenciou a existência de influência significativa de todas as variáveis propostas, enquanto para o resultado fiscal primário, apenas as variáveis: ciclo eleitoral, fragmentação partidária do poder executivo e coincidência ideológica de partidos no poder executivo estadual e federal mostraram-se estatisticamente aceitáveis.
Sucharipa, Ernst. "Die Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik (GASP) der Europäischen Union im Rahmen der Vereinten Nationen : Bestandsaufnahme, Defizite, Chancen." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6120/.
Повний текст джерелаGodinho, McArthur Fabiana [Verfasser]. "Der Schutz der kulturellen Identität im Schulwesen am Beispiel Brasiliens: Völkerrechtliche Vorgaben, nationale Entwicklungen und verbleibende Defizite / Fabiana Godinho McArthur." Aachen : Shaker, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1159836248/34.
Повний текст джерелаSeverino, Maria do Perp?tuo Socorro Rocha Sousa. "As pessoas com defici?ncia no mercado de trabalho: express?o das desigualdades sociais." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17860.
Повний текст джерелаThis work was developed in the extent of the Post Graduation Program in Social Service of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. It talks about the process of inclusion of the disabled people in the Job market in Mossor?-RN, bringing for the academic debate relevant thematic for the Brazilian society, for the profession of Social Service and similar areas and for the people with deficiency. It has the objective to apprehend the determiners that make possible the process of the disabled people's inclusion in the Job market in Mossor?, having as parameter the National Politics for the Integration of People Bearers of Deficiency. The critical theoretical perspective is backed in Marx's ideas for the understanding concerning the work, as well as in Pochamann, concerning the job market, regarding the exclusion/inclusion category is based in Martins, Yasbek and Sposati and on deficiency in the National Politics for the Integration of the Disabled People. The research is of qualitative nature and it took as subjects 26 (twenty-six) people, being 09 (nine) people with deficiency, inserted in the formal job and regulated market, and 17 (seventeen) managers of private companies and public institutions of the city of Mossor?-RN. For the collection of data we used techniques of nonsystemic observation, semi-structured interview and documental analysis. The results of the research mark that any modality of the human workforce used in the current context, they are functional to the capitalism and they move forward towards exploration, alienation and subordination of the work to the capital; the National Politics for the Integration of the People with Deficiency expresses and reproduces the contradictory dynamics of the class society, it reflects the neo liberal shades through the selectivity and of the articulation among the federated beings and organizations of the civil society for its operational system; there is a misproportion between the percentages of the quotas and the amount of people with deficiency inserted in the job market, just corresponding to a tiny numeric magnitude; the developed activities are of low social status and it is expressive the amount of workers that receives between one and two minimum wages. These data drive us to infer that the mentioned politics make possible, partly, the inclusion of the disabled people in the job market, though, such inclusion is executed in the selective or focused dimensions, marginal, precarious and unstable
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no ?mbito do Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Servi?o Social da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata do processo de inclus?o de pessoas com defici?ncia no Mercado de Trabalho em Mossor?-RN, trazendo para o debate acad?mico tem?tica relevante para a sociedade brasileira, para a profiss?o de Servi?o Social e ?reas afins e para as pessoa com defici?ncia. Objetiva apreender os determinantes que viabilizam o processo de inclus?o das pessoas com defici?ncia no Mercado de Trabalho em Mossor?, tendo como par?metro a Pol?tica Nacional para a Integra??o de Pessoas Portadoras de Defici?ncia. A perspectiva te?rica cr?tica que perpassa este trabalho respalda-se nas id?ias de Marx para a compreens?o acerca do trabalho, bem como em Pochmann, Antunes acerca do mercado de trabalho, a respeito da categoria exclus?o/inclus?o fundamenta-se em Martins, Yasbek e Sposati e sobre defici?ncia na Pol?tica Nacional para a Integra??o das Pessoas Portadoras de Defici?ncia. A pesquisa ? de natureza qualitativa e tomou como sujeitos investigativos 26 (vinte e seis) pessoas, sendo 09 (nove) pessoas com defici?ncia, inseridas no mercado de trabalho formal e regulamentado, e 17 (dezessete) gestores de empresas privadas e institui??es p?blicas da cidade de Mossor?-RN. Para a coleta de dados utilizamos t?cnicas de observa??o assistem?tica, entrevista semi-estruturada e an?lise documental. Os resultados da pesquisa assinalam que sejam quais forem as modalidades de utiliza??o da for?a de trabalho humano no atual contexto, elas s?o preponderantemente funcionais ao capitalismo e avan?am em dire??o a explora??o, aliena??o e subordina??o do trabalho ao capital; a Pol?tica Nacional para a Integra??o das Pessoas com Defici?ncia expressa e reproduz a din?mica contradit?ria da sociedade de classe, reflete os matizes neoliberais atrav?s da seletividade e da articula??o entre os entes federados e organiza??es da sociedade civil para a sua operacionaliza??o; h? uma desproporcionalidade entre os percentuais das cotas e a quantidade de pessoas com defici?ncia inseridas no mercado de trabalho, correspondendo apenas a uma ?nfima magnitude num?rica; as atividades desenvolvidas s?o de baixo status social e ? expressiva a quantidade de trabalhadores que recebe entre um a dois sal?rios m?nimos. Estes dados conduzem-nos a inferir que a citada pol?tica viabiliza, em parte, a inclus?o das pessoas com defici?ncia no mercado de trabalho, uma vez que, tal inclus?o efetiva-se nas dimens?es seletiva ou focalizada, marginal, prec?ria e inst?vel
Silvarová, Lenka. "Analýza definic činnostních rolí v základních registrech veřejné správy v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-207009.
Повний текст джерелаAzopardi, Keith. "Sovereignty and the stateless nation : how has Gibraltar’s democratic and governance deficit emerged and how should it be addressed in the modern European legal context?" Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479004.
Повний текст джерелаHaddaoui, Mohamed. "Analyse économique et politico-économique du comportement des décideurs publics : les fonctions de réaction des autorités monétaires françaises 1971.I - 1990.IV." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF10006.
Повний текст джерелаMacroeconomic regulation have implied an increasing interference of the State in the economic private activity. Consequently, economic analysis must endogenies the behavior of public decision makers. The reaction function of the authorities is an analytical instrument which permit to analyse political economic choices of decision makers. Their basic hypothesis is to consider that State ans its bureaucratic agents, like individuals in traditional economic analysis, have their own preferences. On the ground of monetary policy, analysis of behavior if Central Bank and Government have allowed to study the evolution of the choices of the authorities overs 70s and 80s
Soalla, Wendkouni Lydie Sophie. "L'action des institutions financières internationales et leur impact sur les systèmes nationaux : aspects budgétaires et fiscaux. Le cas du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30083.
Повний текст джерелаSince its independence, Burkina Faso is seeking public policy development that allows him to leave his state of "underdevelopment". Fiscal policy has, therefore, been established as a catalyst for sustainable economic and social development. But mistakes budget successive Governments have instead led to a triple crisis: a debt crisis, a crisis of deficits and an economic crisis. Beginning in the 1990s, the IMF and the World Bank intervened alongside Burkinabe authorities, within a double technical and financial assistance to reform structurally fiscal policy. This intervention will settle permanently in the internal politics of Burkina Faso. In two decades, finance policy will be geared to suit the budget doctrine and priorities defined by the IMF and the World Bank: the structural adjustment programs and the political fight against poverty will try to achieve the objectives of economic growth, and economic growth and social reform through policy and budgetary spending policy of budgetary resources. But whatever the goal under consideration, the results achieved are far removed from the expected results in terms of debt restructuring, expenditure and budgetary resources. This dynamic reforms can nevertheless wonder, in view of past experience, the appropriate role for the state in Burkina Faso, fiscal policy, the IMF and the World Bank, the Community institutions in West Africa the development process as Burkina Faso must necessarily raise, so that decades of reforms are not considered necessary
Hoffbeck, Valentine. "De l'arriéré au malade héréditaire : histoire de la prise en charge et des représentations du handicap mental en France et Allemagne (1890-1934)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG047/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe topic of this PhD dissertation is the history of mentally deficient children and adults in both France and Germany between 1890 and 1934. This work focuses on people who suffered from mental retardation although at that time they would have been referred to as "feeble-minded," "idiots" or "imbeciles." This study provides a new focus on different subjects. The various circulations of medical models are considered in a dynamic perspective. lt also provides an original vision of the construction of the category of feeblemidness, influenced by agents like doctors [psychiatrists], families or teachers, questioning what was done in practical terms. Mentally deficient people were shaped by the gaze of the people they interacted with. They are also examined in a social and economic context to which these individuals respond. The evolution of the characterization of feeble-mindedness and the use of intelligence tests highlight various attempts to classify those individuals in a more rational way. From a more specific psychiatrie point of view, this thesis shows how the emphasis on their classification as "unproductive persans" as well as the description of feeble-mindedness as a hereditary and "racial" disease transformed them into a social issue in the context of the rise of social Darwinism and eugenics, which led fo their sterilization in Germany from 1934 on
YANG, SHU-MEI, and 楊淑美. "Exploring the Factors of the Financial Surplus or Deficit School Fund for National High Schools." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9qps4m.
Повний текст джерелаChan, Wen-Fu, and 詹文福. "The Impact of Depreciation and Amortization on the Financial Surplus or Deficit in National Universities." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39616557593331199913.
Повний текст джерела國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士在職專班
102
Since 1999 onwards, in Taiwan the national universities/colleges have started to comprehensively implement school fund system. Although it has been beforehand prepared many years, after more than a decade’s implementation, there are still many universities/colleges that cannot reach balance between income and expenditure financially. Among them, both failing to grow year after year and failing to improve the deficit actively have always been the two main issues concerned by the supervisory authorities and each university/college. Except that, the prior research associated with the school fund mostly centers on the discussion of the school fund performance. Few of them explore the real causes of poor performance of the school fund. In addition, in the perspective of discussing the problems of school fund most of them cannot be viewed empirically. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the accounting treatment of school fund capital assets, which uses the empirical analysis of the depreciation and amortization in the case that influences the current period’s deficit to simulate the analysis of the national university’s due current period financial surplus or deficit. The findings in the current study, in-between 2010 and 2013 there are about 80 percent of university’s school fund which appears deficit and has the trend of increase annually. However, the working cash flow shows positive every year, in which the expenditure of the depreciation and amortization without influencing cash accounts for 13 percent of national universities’ operating costs and expense. After the regression analysis, it shows the real property, buildings and equipment have significantly negative influence on the deficit of the current period financial surplus/deficit, the components of which such as asset funds, custodial assets on behalf, and donated surplus are the same. As a whole, the research reveals the depreciation and amortization are the key vital factors that influence the deficit of the current period financial surplus/deficit. After performing simulation analyses further, it finds that there are no financial deficits of all national universities’ school fund if all or 75% of the depreciation and amortization expenditures are recognized as revenues. However, it appears around 10% of national universities’ school fund are under financial deficit if 50% of the depreciation and amortization are recognized as revenues. Furthermore, it will appear half of national universities are under financial deficit if 25% of the depreciation and amortization are recognized as revenues. After the analysis of all case schools, this study finds that using the calculating alternative of “without financial deficit” or the depreciation account treatment to change the alternative, it can increase 200 million in earnings for all schools and can get schools out of the red, which is worthy of references for managers.
Huang, Chun-Shiang, and 黃春香. "A study on business opportunity for medical insurance created from financial deficit existing on national health insurance." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54724317047937927648.
Повний текст джерела淡江大學
保險學系保險經營碩士在職專班
95
The purpose of the thesis is to study the insufficient medical payment and the financial problem that NHI is facing now.Owning to the insufficient medical payment,life insurance companies therefore enjoy more business opportunities .However, though life insurance companies may increase their sales revenue, they also have to pay more attention to risk assessments, such as the Risk Based Capital (RBC), the underwriting strategies and claim procedures for health insurance. We expect that the conclusion of this study will provide life insurers and non-life insurers for reference.
Hu, Chieh-Jen, and 胡潔仁. "Association between dental composite resin restoration and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children from Taiwan National Health Insurance Database." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5734cq.
Повний текст джерела中山醫學大學
牙醫學系碩士班
106
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood psychiatric conditions. The exact etiology of ADHD is still unclear, but many studies have confirmed that perinatal or neonatal exposure to low-dose (bisphenol A) BPA will contribute to ADHD. BPA has recently received increased attention. BPA is used widely to make polycarbonate plastics such as those in hard plastic baby and water bottles and epoxy resins such as those in dental sealants and resin-based composites. Resin-based composites are becoming most popular filling material for prepared cavity nowadays, especially in children. We designed this nationwide population-based nested case-control study to figure out the relationship between composite resin treatment and ADHD in Taiwanese children. Our study used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Databases (LHID 2010) from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan (NHIRD-TW). Subjects of the study was included children birth years are between 1998 and 2005, and patients who received operative dentistry (OD) treatment between January 2000 and December 2008 from the NHIRD-TW. OD treatment. In conclusion, we found that patients who had received dental composite resin OD treatment had higher risk for ADHD diagnosis than patients who never received composite resin OD treatment (adjusted Odds ratio; OR=1.246 ; 95% CI=0.68–0.93), and ADHD risk is higher in male then female. (male OR=1.278; 95% CI=1.142-1.431; female OR=1.139; 95% CI=0.919-1.411). Moreover, in the frequency of resin OD treatment above 8 times group had higher odds ratio to ADHD diagnosis (OR=1.206; 95% CI=1.099-1.324) compared with group who had resin OD treatment below 8 times (OR=1.166; 95% CI=1.068-1.273). Otherwise, the duration from first composite resin OD treatment to ADHD diagnosis over 1 year had greater effect to odds ratio of ADHD diagnosis compared with under 1 year (OR=1.246 vs OR=1.185).
Belicka, Samuel. "Trade patterns and determinants in selected trade deficit categories in Australia: 1990-2006." Thesis, 2010. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/16005/.
Повний текст джерелаMathfield, Damon. ""Can the national budget influence investment and growth? : - a Ricardian perspective"." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1328.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Econ.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
Knutelská, Viera. "Institucionální aspekty demokratického deficitu: role národních parlamentů v evropských záležitostech." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305915.
Повний текст джерелаPetříková, Lucia. "Selhání implementace státní kulturní politiky na příkladu projektu stavby nové budovy Národní knihovny." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298544.
Повний текст джерелаJesus, Maria Antónia Jorge de. "A contabilidade pública e a contabilidade nacional: principais divergências e implicações no défice público em Portugal." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/1442.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis identifies the main differences between Governmental Accounting (GA – microeconomic perspective) and National Accounting (NA – macroeconomic perspective), focalised in Portugal and analysing as an empiric study, the main adjustments to be made to the General Government Sector (GGS) data when converting from Governmental Accounts to National Accounts. It is also assessed the impact of the accounting differences on the public deficit, as one of the macroeconomic aggregates that Portugal must report as a member-State of the European Union, obliged to accomplish the convergence criteria of the Maastricht Treaty, based on GA data sources. From the conceptual point of view, we have identified the main differences between the two accounting systems (GA and NA) as: differences related to the scope of the reporting entity, the preparation of consolidated financial statements, the recognition (cash basis versus accrual basis) and measurement (historical cost versus market prices) criteria and the relationship between GGS and government business enterprises. The empiric study, based on interviews to people from INE and DGO, responsible for the National Accounts preparation, and on several documental sources, allows us to conclude that the GA system in Portugal does not meet all ESA95 requirements, in spite of the reform process reform still in implementation, representing some convergence between both systems. The impact of the accounting differences and consequent adjustments on the Portuguese EDP notifications, from 2004 to 2007, is relevant and large, mainly concerning the accounting basis adjustments. The diversity and magnitude of the adjustments make the quality of the EDP notifications questionable, justifying the need for an alignment between the two systems, namely in what concerns the recognition criteria.
Mounier, Antoine. "Le contrôle parlementaire des affaires européennes : quelle influence sur les attitudes envers l’UE?" Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25629.
Повний текст джерелаThe oversight of national parliaments over European affairs has recently received a great deal of attention, both from institutions of the European Union (EU) and from authors contributing to the literature on the democratic deficit. However, while several studies have shown how this control could contribute positively to the media coverage of European issues or to the transposition of directives, its role on citizens' attitudes is often postulated and has so far not been demonstrated. By mobilizing data from the Observatory of National Parliaments after Lisbon (OPAL) project collected between 2010 and 2012, this study adopts a quantitative methodology with the ambition of measuring the influence that parliamentary oversight over European affairs could have in shaping attitudes towards the EU. Since attitudes towards the national and European level are closely linked, I first demonstrated that parliamentary oversight helps to build confidence in the national parliament. Regarding the European level, the results indicate that parliamentary control seems to have an antagonistic effect on trust in the EU; on the one hand, the institutional capacity of parliaments have a positive effect, and on the other hand, the parliamentary activity has a negative effect. This research, although exploratory and therefore preliminary, thus lays the foundations for a better understanding of the role that national parliaments could potentially play in shaping attitudes towards the EU.
Soung, Pi-Or, and 宋碧娥. "A Study of Dental Care in Dental Resource Deficient Areas in Kao-Ping Branch of the Bureau of National Health Insurance." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54269213012648275321.
Повний текст джерела高雄醫學大學
口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班
94
Background: Based on the right of health care of the people and the obligation of medical service from the government, the study is conducted to understand the supply of dental manpower, the accessibility of dental care and the utilization of dental treatment in dental resource deficient area. Objectives: 1.To evaluate the supply and utilization of dental services from 2002 to 2004 in the project of “Improving the Experimental Plan for Medical Practice and Medical Tour in Dental Treatment Resource Deficient Area”. 2.To understand the utilization of dental treatment by the proposers domiciled in “dental treatment resource deficient area “, defined by the Bureau of National Health Insurance Kao-Ping Branch. 3.To collect opinions from dentists going service on dental resource deficient area by phone survey. Materials and Methods: The study is an analysis of secondary data. There are 274,679 insurers domiciled in dental resource deficient areas. Data used to estimate the amount of persons seeking for dental treatment (practice group and tour group) and the expenses include ID number, towns of domiciled, gender, age, health insurance cards, medical orders and treatment details. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics. Results and suggestion︰ 1.For utilization of dental treatment, the ratio of practice group to tour group in patient numbers and expenses was about 20:80 and 7:93. In 2004, the average visit of each dental patient was 1.3 in Kaohsiung county (KC), 1.8 in Pingtung county (PTC) and 1.8 in Penghu county (PHC). The declared daily growth rate of dental visit was 6% in practice group and 38.6% in tour group when compared to 2003. Although the patient numbers in tour group increased 92.1% in 2004, the average service day per dentist was -27.8% in growth rate. Most of the patients (80.7%) were between age of 5 and 14. 2.For utilization of dental care, the annual demand rate (total cases in deficient area/ total cases by these insurers) in 2002, 2003 and 2004 was 3.4%, 6.5% and 10.7% respectively. For accessibility of dental care in 2004, the ratio of insurer seeking for dental treatment is 18% in KC, 22% in PTC and 33% in PHC. The expense per dental patient was 1356 NTD in KC, 2051 in PTC and 1669 in PHC. All were exceeded the national average (1181) and average (923) of whole dental resource deficient areas. The expense per visit was 1015 in KC, 1162 in PTC and 941 in PHC. The filling materials used for caries was mainly amalgam in children and resin in adults. 3.Phone survey of dentist going service in theses areas shows that service for the people and reward for the society are their main purpose. Discussion and Suggestion : The government is using methods similar to the United State government such as state-financed program and salary raise for increasing the supply of dental manpower and the dental accessibility in dental resource deficient areas. As a whole, the practice effect is not so satisfactory when compared to medical tour .The accessibility of dental treatment in KC and PTC was under but in PHC has nearly reached the national standard (33.47%). It was mostly by tour not by practice. The demand rate was only 3.4-10.7%. I suggest that the dental treatment service needs to be enhanced in order to reach reasonable balance between its amount and expenses. Key word: Dental Treatment Resource Deficient Areas, Utilization of Dental Treatment
Malan, Linda. "Effects of iron and omega-3 supplementation on the immune system of iron deficient children in South Africa : a randomised controlled trial / Linda Malan." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15388.
Повний текст джерелаPhD (Nutrition), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015