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Статті в журналах з теми "Nasal explants"
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Anderson, Michele J., Maren L. David, Matt Scholz, Sally J. Bull, Dan Morse, Michelle Hulse-Stevens, and Marnie L. Peterson. "Efficacy of Skin and Nasal Povidone-Iodine Preparation against Mupirocin-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. aureus within the Anterior Nares." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 59, no. 5 (March 2, 2015): 2765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.04624-14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTMupirocin decolonization of nasalStaphylococcus aureusprior to surgery decreases surgical-site infections; however, treatment requires 5 days, compliance is low, and resistance occurs. In 2010, 3M Company introduced povidone-iodine (PVP-I)-based skin and nasal antiseptic (Skin and Nasal Prep [SNP]). SNP has rapid, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. We tested SNP's efficacy using full-thickness tissue (porcine mucosal [PM] and human skin) explant models and human subjects. Prior to or following infection with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) (mupirocin sensitive and resistant), explants were treated with Betadine ophthalmic preparation (Bet), SNP, or mupirocin (Bactroban nasal ointment [BN]) or left untreated. One hour posttreatment, explants were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) plus 2% mucin. One, 6, or 12 h later, bacteria were recovered and enumerated. Alternatively, following baseline sampling, human subjects applied two consecutive applications of SNP or saline to their anterior nares. One, 6, and 12 h after application of the preparation (postprep), nasal swabs were obtained, andS. aureuswas enumerated. We observed that treatment of infected PM or human skin explants with SNP resulted in >2.0 log10CFU reduction in MRSA, regardless of mupirocin sensitivity, which was significantly different from the values for BN- and Bet-treated explants and untreated controls 1 h, 6 h, and 12 h after being washed with PBS plus mucin. Swabbing the anterior nares of human subjects with SNP significantly reduced residentS. aureuscompared to saline 1, 6, and 12 h postprep. Finally, pretreatment of PM explants with SNP, followed by a mucin rinse prior to infection, completely prevented MRSA infection. We conclude that SNP may be an attractive alternative for reducing the bioburden of anterior nares prior to surgery.
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Pol, J. M. A., W. G. V. Quint, G. L. Kok, and J. M. Broekhuysen-Davies. "Pseudorabies virus infections in explants of porcine nasal mucosa." Research in Veterinary Science 50, no. 1 (January 1991): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-5288(91)90052-p.
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Read, R. C., A. Fox, K. Miller, T. Gray, N. Jones, R. Borrow, D. M. Jones, and R. G. Finch. "Experimental infection of human nasal mucosal explants with Neisseria meningitidis." Journal of Medical Microbiology 42, no. 5 (May 1, 1995): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00222615-42-5-353.
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Trela, Bruce A., and Matthew S. Bogdanffy. "Cytotoxicity of dibasic esters (DBE) metabolites in rat nasal explants." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 110, no. 2 (September 1991): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-008x(05)80008-0.
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Constantin, Stephanie, Alain Caraty, Susan Wray, and Anne H. Duittoz. "Development of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-1 Secretion in Mouse Nasal Explants." Endocrinology 150, no. 7 (February 12, 2009): 3221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-1711.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pulsatile release of GnRH-1 is critical to stimulate gonadotropes of the anterior pituitary. This secretory pattern seems to be inherent to GnRH-1 neurons, however, the mechanisms underlying such episodical release remain unknown. In monkey nasal explants, the GnRH-1 population exhibits synchronized calcium events with the same periodicity as GnRH-1 release, suggesting a link, though the sequence of events was unclear. GnRH-1 neurons in mouse nasal explants also exhibit synchronized calcium events. In the present work, GnRH-1 release was assayed in mouse nasal explants using radioimmunology and its relationship with calcium signaling analyzed. GnRH-1 neurons generated episodical release as early as 3 d in vitro (div) and maintained such release throughout the period studied (3–21 div). The pulse frequency remained constant, suggesting that the pulse generator is operative at an early developmental stage. In contrast, pulse amplitude increased 2-fold between 3 and 7 div, and again between 7 and 14 div, suggesting maturation in synthesizing and/or secretory mechanisms. To evaluate these possibilities, total GnRH-1 content was measured. Only a small increase in GnRH-1 content was detected between 7 and 14 div, whereas a large increase occurred between 14 and 21 div. These data indicate that GnRH-1 content was not a limiting factor for the amplitude of the pulses at 7 div but that the secretory mechanisms mature between 3 and 14 div. The application of kisspeptin-10 revealed the ability of GnRH-1 neurons to integrate signals from natural ligands into a secretory response. Finally, simultaneous sampling of medium and calcium imaging recordings indicated that the synchronized calcium events and secretory events are congruent.
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BOTTOMLEY, Kevin M., Neera BORKAKOTI, David BRADSHAW, Paul A. BROWN, Michael J. BROADHURST, John M. BUDD, Lucy ELLIOTT, et al. "Inhibition of bovine nasal cartilage degradation by selective matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors." Biochemical Journal 323, no. 2 (April 15, 1997): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3230483.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
N-terminal analysis of aggrecan fragments lost from bovine nasal cartilage cultured in the presence of recombinant human interleukin 1α revealed a predominant ARGSVIL sequence with an additional ADLEX sequence. Production of the ARGSVIL-containing fragments has been attributed to the action of a putative proteinase, aggrecanase. The minor sequence (ADLEX) corresponds to a new reported cleavage product; comparison of this sequence with the available partial sequence of bovine aggrecan indicates that this is the product of a cleavage occurring towards the C-terminus of the protein. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors inhibited aggrecan loss from bovine nasal explants incubated in the presence of recombinant human interleukin 1α. A strong correlation between inhibition of aggrecan metabolism and inhibition of stromelysin 1 (MMP 3) (r = 0.93) suggests a role for stromelysin or a stromelysin-like enzyme in cartilage aggrecan metabolism. However, the compounds were approx. 1/1000 as potent in inhibiting aggrecan loss from the cartilage explants as they were in inhibiting stromelysin. There was little or no correlation between inhibition of aggrecan metabolism and inhibition of gelatinase B (MMP 9) or inhibition of collagenase 1 (MMP 1). Studies with collagenase inhibitors with a range of potencies showed a correlation between inhibition of collagenase activity and inhibition of collagen degradation in the cartilage explant assay. This indicates that in interleukin 1α-driven bovine nasal cartilage destruction, stromelysin (or a closely related enzyme) is involved in aggrecan metabolism, whereas collagenase is principally responsible for collagen degradation.
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Trela, Bruce A., and Matthew S. Bogdanffy. "Carboxylesterase-dependent cytotoxicity of dibasic esters (DBE) in rat nasal explants." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 107, no. 2 (February 1991): 285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(91)90209-w.
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Tulinski, Pawel, Ad C. Fluit, Jos P. M. van Putten, Alain de Bruin, Sarah Glorieux, Jaap A. Wagenaar, and Birgitta Duim. "An Ex Vivo Porcine Nasal Mucosa Explants Model to Study MRSA Colonization." PLoS ONE 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2013): e53783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053783.
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Baraniuk, J. N., J. D. Lundgren, J. Goff, J. Mullol, S. Castellino, M. Merida, J. H. Shelhamer, and M. A. Kaliner. "Calcitonin gene-related peptide in human nasal mucosa." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 258, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): L81—L88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1990.258.2.l81.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To explore the potential range of functions for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in human mucosa, we quantified human inferior turbinate nasal mucosal CGRP content by radioimmunoassay, localized CGRP-immunoreactivity by immunohistochemistry, detected 125I-CGRP binding sites by autoradiography, and tested the ability of CGRP to induce submucosal gland secretion in short-term explant culture of human nasal mucosa. Nasal mucosa contained 0.45-0.54 pmol CGRP/g wet wt (n = 18). Immunoreactive CGRP was found in nerve fibers that densely innervated the walls of small muscular arteries arterioles. Venules and venous sinusoids were innervated by individual CGRP staining fibers. Occasional CGRP-containing nerve fibers were also noted adjacent to submucosal gland acini, near the epithelial basement membrane, and between epithelial cells. Specific 125I-CGRP binding sites were concentrated on small muscular arteries and arterioles. CGRP (4 microM) did not stimulate glycoconjugate or lactoferrin release from mucosal explants. These results indicate that in the human nasal mucosa, CGRP is present in nerve fibers, which most likely represent nociceptive sensorimotor nerves that innervate vascular structures (muscular arteries, arterioles, veins and venous sinusoids). It is likely that CGRP release from sensory neurons may play a role in the regulation of vasomotor responses, but no evidence for a role of CGRP in glandular secretion was found.
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Chemuturi, Nagendra V., Patrick Hayden, Mitch Klausner, and Maureen D. Donovan. "Comparison of Human Tracheal/Bronchial Epithelial Cell Culture and Bovine Nasal Respiratory Explants for Nasal Drug Transport Studies." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 94, no. 9 (September 2005): 1976–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20404.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Nasal explants"
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Cantero, Cajas Daniel Anibal. "The innate immune response to staphylococcus aureus biofilms on human sinonasal explants." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103556.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the persistent and symptomatic inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal cavities. It is a prevalent condition severely affecting the quality of life of around 10% of the population in Western countries. Its pathogenesis involves environmental factors such as viruses or bacteria on predisposed hosts triggering local mucosal inflammation. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common isolated bacterium in CRS and, when forming biofilms, increases its resistance to antibiotics, being correlated with recalcitrant cases and higher rates of mucosal inflammation. The local inflammation can be explained by virulence factors from S. aureus, and also by innate and adaptive immune mechanisms of the host immune response. Although some researchers have explored the late or adaptive immune response associated with S. aureus biofilms, less is known about the initial or innate immune response that S. aureus biofilms trigger in the mucosa. This thesis aimed to study part of the mucosal innate immune response to S. aureus biofilms. We have challenged human sinonasal tissues—from normal donors undergoing transnasal pituitary surgery—with S. aureus biofilms ex vivo using an explant model. This model mimics in vivo conditions because it allows biofilms to grow at the air--‐liquid interface. Also, the biofilm--‐mucosa interaction is more physiological than primary cell cultures, because the communication between different host cells is preserved in the explant model. After the interaction with S. aureus biofilms, explant tissues produced IL--‐6 and other cytokines polarised to a Th1/Th17 type of immune response. The observed Th1/Th17 immune response differs from previous reports in eosinophilic CRS patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) showing a predominant Th2 response. Apparently there is an evolution from early Th1/Th17 immune responses to late Th2 in S. aureus biofilm associated infections. The turning point between these two types of immune responses seems critical in CRS because it could explain the origin of the Th2 inflammation. In The future, the use of long--‐term animal models could help to illustrate the progression from an initial Th1/Th17 to a late Th2 type of immune response in the sinonasal mucosa. S. aureus biofilms also induced apoptosis in the mucosa as demonstrated by the up--‐ regulation of cleaved caspase--‐3 in our settings. We also demonstrated the induction and activation of the Nod2 receptor and downstream pathway secondary to S. aureus biofilms. The Nod2 receptor recognises a small portion of peptidoglycan that is available during early phases of S. aureus biofilm formation. The role of Nod2 in CRS and biofilm infections should be evaluated in future studies. In conclusion, we demonstrated that early S. aureus biofilms induce a proinflammatory response in the sinonasal mucosa. This proinflammatory response seems to be crucial for biofilm attachment and persistence, and its modulation could represent an alternative to prevent S. aureus biofilm infections. Secreted staphylococcal products such as alpha (α) toxin and staphylococcal protein A (SpA) are two virulence factors critical during early biofilm growth. These proteins are also able to generate immune responses and represent targets for potential therapeutic intervention during biofilm infections in the sinonasal mucosa.Thesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2014.
Книги з теми "Nasal explants"
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von Heinegg, Wolff Heintschel. Maritime Warfare. Edited by Andrew Clapham and Paola Gaeta. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199559695.003.0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter examines the rules and principles of the law of naval warfare and maritime neutrality in interational armed conflict. It discusses entitlement to exercise belligerent rights at sea, the legal framework applicable to the conduct of hostilities at sea, and the capture and destruction of enemy merchant vessels and civil aircraft under prize law. This chapter also suggests that the law of naval warfare and maritime neutrality be considered a remnant from a distant past and explains that some governments believe that many of the traditional rules of prize law and of maritime neutrality have become obsolete.
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Dominy, Graham. “For the Colonel’s Lady and Judy O’Grady Are Sisters under Their Skins”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040047.003.0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter explores how gender relationships were mediated through the prisms of class and race in colonial Natal. More specifically, it asks how Natal's colonial elite aligned the military concepts of hierarchy and deference within the shaping of gender relations that were designed to underpin assumptions of class, caste, and race within the colonial social structure. It explains how gender issues in the Natal context were closely intertwined with class and racial issues in unexpected ways. In particular, it considers the intersections of class, gender, and agency in marriage alliances between officers of the garrison and women of the colonial elite. It also examines issues surrounding prostitution as well as the early development of feminized institutions and their relationship to the garrison of Fort Napier.
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Morgan-Owen, David G. The Command of the Sea. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805199.003.0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Royal Navy thought about war in a particular way in the late nineteenth century. This chapter explains how the contemporary Navy understood strategy as it pertained to protecting the United Kingdom from invasion. By examining the different approaches taken to war against France and Germany between 1885 and 1900 it shows how the Admiralty understood the defence of the British Isles in this period in largely symmetrical terms. The battle fleet remained key to naval warfare and to preventing invasion, but it did not need to be shackled to the British coastline in order to prevent a hostile power from attempting to cross the Channel.
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Verdirame, Guglielmo, and Vasco Becker Weinberg. Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Shipping Interdiction. Edited by Marc Weller. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199673049.003.0048.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter analyses the legal framework applicable to non-flag states’ interception operations aimed at combating the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), delivery vehicles, and related materials against the background of the law on the use of force. It considers the legal regime under the law of the sea, with particular reference to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and discusses the legal and strategic challenges posed by seaborne WMD proliferation to states. It explains the distinction between counter-proliferation, non-proliferation, and response to the use of WMD. The chapter examines interdiction, a classic instrument of naval enforcement. Finally, it explores how states have sought to address the gaps in the general legal framework through three primary routes: the resolution of the UN Security Council, multilateral treaty-making under the auspices of the International Maritime Organization, and the practice of states involved in the Proliferation Security Initiative.
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Dominy, Graham. Pageantry, Pioneers, Panics and Punitive Expeditions. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040047.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter examines the role of the garrison in the British Empire's establishment of a colonial state in Natal during the period 1840s–1860s. It first explains how the garrison transformed Pietermaritzburg from a Trekker settlement to a Victorian colonial capital before considering the ways in which the British Crown used pageantry and propaganda to reinforce the prestige of the colonial state while masking the military weakness of the garrison in relation to the colony's potential enemies. It then discusses the garrison's “punitive expeditions”—almost as an extension of the parading on the barrack square of Fort Napier—in response to panic and rumors of invasions. Ironically, those raids provoked “panics” among the African population; such panics fed the almost pathological fear that the settlers had of a “native” rising or “combination.” The chapter also looks at the appointment of British military officers in various civil posts in the colony and concludes with an assessment of the Zulu invasion scare of 1861 and the question that it raised regarding payment for the garrison.
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Firebrace, William. Memo for Nemo. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14433.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A cultural history of living in the undersea, both fictional and real, from Jules Verne's Captain Nemo to NASA's ECC02 project. In Memo for Nemo, William Firebrace investigates human inhabitation of the undersea, both fictional and real. Beginning with Jules Verne's Captain Nemo—an undersea Renaissance man with a library of 12,000 volumes on his submarine—and proceeding through aquariums, undersea photography, artificial seas on land, nuclear-powered submarines, undersea film epics, giant squid, and NASA satellites, Firebrace examines the undersea as a zone created by exploration and invention. Throughout, the history of undersea life is accompanied by an imagined undersea, envisioned by cultural figures ranging from Verne and Herman Melville to Orson Welles and Jimi Hendrix. Firebrace takes readers though the enormous sequence of rooms (impossible in real life) in Nemo's submarine, recounts the competition among nineteenth-century cities to build the most spectacular aquatic world, and explains the workings of the bathysphere—an early underwater vessel modeled on a hot-air balloon. He considers the aquarium's function in films as a sort of viewing lens, describes the chlorine-proof artificial sea life seen by passengers on the submarine ride at Disneyland, and reports that Jacques Cousteau's famous underwater documentaries were in fact highly staged. The oceans of today are not those imagined by Verne; they are changing from both natural processes and human influence. Memo for Nemo documents the power of the undersea in both art and life.
Частини книг з теми "Nasal explants"
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Wolff Heintschel, von Heinegg. "17 The Law of Armed Conflict at Sea." In The Handbook of International Humanitarian Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198847960.003.0017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter evaluates legal developments and practice with respect to armed conflict at sea. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea has progressively developed the law and contributed to the emergence of multiple differing regimes, some of which are now customary in character. The San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflicts at Sea (1995) provides a contemporary restatement of the law of armed conflict at sea, together with some progressive development. The chapter provides an overview of the different acts of naval warfare, comments on special provisions concerning means and methods of naval warfare, and explains the legal status of hospital ships including conditions of their protection.
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Symonds, Craig L. "9. Confronting the Soviets." In American Naval History: A Very Short Introduction, 97–109. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199394760.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At the end of World War II, the U.S. Navy was more than twice as large as all the rest of the navies of the world combined. The inevitable contraction that followed was less draconian than after previous wars because of the almost immediate emergence of the Cold War. ‘Confronting the Soviets: the Cold War navy (1945–1975)’ explains that while deterring a Soviet missile strike remained a primary mission of all of America’s services throughout the Cold War, the United States also confronted a series of smaller wars around the world. These included the Korean War, unrest in the Middle East, the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Vietnam War, 1965–74.
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Symonds, Craig L. "10. The U.S. Navy in the Twenty-First Century." In American Naval History: A Very Short Introduction, 110–22. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199394760.003.0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dissolution of the Soviet Union did not erase the need for a global U.S. Navy, as events in the Middle East and elsewhere provoked serial crises that led to the dispatch of U.S. naval combat groups to various hot spots around the world. ‘The U.S. Navy in the twenty-first century’ explains how the U.S. Navy continues to fulfill many of its historic missions—suppressing pirates, protecting trade, and pursuing drug runners. It is also a potent instrument of American foreign policy and a barometer of American concern. In addition to its deterrent and peacekeeping roles, the U.S. Navy also acts as a first responder to natural or man-made disasters that call for humane intervention.
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Morgan-Owen, David, and Louis Halewood. "Introduction." In Economic Warfare and the Sea, 1–22. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621594.003.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter explains the rationale for the volume, arguing that historical studies of economic warfare require greater nuance than has traditionally been afforded by an overreliance on conceptions developed by classical naval theorists such as Alfred Thayer Mahan. It presents an overview of the chapters in this collection, which are grouped around four key themes: neutrals and neutrality; the role of non-naval bureaucracies in conducting campaigns of economic warfare; the ways in which non-state actors have interacted with and taken advantage of episodes of economic warfare; and studies of economic warfare as an element in the broader grand strategy of states. The chapter concludes by offering suggestions for new approaches to understanding economic warfare and the sea. A more international approach which deconstructs the workings of the global economy promises rich rewards for new studies. Similarly, interrogating ideas about economic warfare, and the rhetoric surrounding its potency, may offer a better guide to understanding the reasons for its use in the past. Lastly, given that sea power matters chiefly in the ways in which it influences events on land, more must be done to excavate the link between action at sea and how it impinges on military operations on land.
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Stone, Alison. "Introduction." In Being Born, 1–24. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845782.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The introduction sets out the project of this book, which is to explore how our existence is shaped by our being born. This is an exploration of how human existence is natal, that is, is the way it is because we are born. Taking birth and natality into account transforms our view of human existence. It sheds new light on our mortality, foregrounds the extent and depth of our dependency on one another, and brings additional phenomena—such as the relationality of the self and the temporality of human life—together in a new way. The introduction sketches these topics and explains how this inquiry is located within and draws on existentialism, psychoanalysis, and feminist philosophy.
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Kukreja, Reena. "Trafficked? or Married? Wherein Lies The Truth?" In Why Would I Be Married Here?, 115–55. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501762550.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter focuses on the practice of bride trafficking. It notes the frequency of contemporary cross-region marriages in North India. Local and overseas media played a significant role in disseminating trauma narratives by employing emotive narratives of wife sharing, sexual slavery, and bride trafficking. The chapter clarifies that not all cross-region marriages involved trafficking and brides actively sought to dismantle the victim discourse and highlight their non-trafficked status without being monitored. The chapter explains that cross-region brides often range between informal mediators, brokers, and traffickers, which often tread a dangerous line between deception and the act of trafficking itself. Meanwhile, the myth of parents selling daughters or bride buying conveniently influences the prevailing racist and denigrating stereotypes around natal communities.
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Abbenhuis, Maartje. "Protecting Neutrality at Sea in a Global Age, 1815–1914." In Economic Warfare and the Sea, 157–70. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621594.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter argues for the central importance of the development of the principle of neutrality in explaining the contours of the nineteenth-century age of industrial globalisation and the waging of economic warfare between 1815 and 1914. It highlights how nineteenth-century imperial expansion and industrial growth were dependent on the ability of industrial states to sustain easy access to the open seas, even in time of war. It describes how the naval powers co-ordinated and negotiated the rights and duties of neutrals and belligerents in international law in such a way as to maximise the financial, industrial and imperial advantages from doing so. It also explains how the principles of war avoidance and neutrality maintenance helped to underwrite the global power of Great Britain and the contours of the Pax Britannica.
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Gerzina, Gretchen H. "The Georgian Life and Modern Afterlife of Dido Elizabeth Belle." In Britain's Black Past, 161–78. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621600.003.0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Written by Gretchen H. Gerzina, this chapter examines research into the life of Dido Elizabeth Belle and probes the resurgence of interest in her story as the subject of film and television projects. Born to an African woman, Maria Belle, and British naval officer Sir John Lindsay, Gerzina describes how Dido’s legal status has often been misunderstood and misrepresented, yet modern research has made it clear that she was never a slave and was born free in London. As the grand niece of William Murray, the first earl of Mansfield, Dido spent much of her life comfortably as part of his household at Kenwood House in London before marrying a white Frenchman. During her years at Kenwood House, she was the subject of a double portrait with her cousin Elizabeth Murray that Gerzina explains has played a large role in sparking the modern imagination about what her life was like as a mixed-race member of elite British society.
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Sanders, Mark. "Introduction." In Learning Zulu. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167565.003.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This book examines how the idea of learning Zulu became intertwined with issues of property, proprietorship, and appropriation. Drawing on the author's experience in trying to learn Zulu, the book explains how, in South Africa, the signifier “Zulu” had come to have a unique and privileged status. In this introduction, the author reflects on the play Ngicela uxolo, by Nkosinathi I. Ngwane, and how he began to understand the secret history of language, and language learning more specifically. He shares how some black African migrants were forced, under threat of violence, to pronounce shibboleths in Zulu. He also narrates the colonial- and apartheid-era elevation of “Zulu” involving intensive white appropriation and translation and shows that when missionaries in mid-nineteenth-century Natal standardized the Zulu language by writing grammars and compiling dictionaries, they also made Zulu—in its “pure” or correct form—a yardstick for being good, both morally and politically.
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Curtis A, Bradley. "6 Extraterritorial Application of U.S. Law." In International Law in the US Legal System. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780197525609.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter considers the application of federal and state law to conduct that takes place outside the territory of the United States. It begins by discussing the territorial scope of U.S. constitutional rights. Special consideration is given to the extraterritorial application of the right of habeas corpus in light of the Supreme Court’s 2008 decision in Boumediene v. Bush, concerning the habeas corpus rights of detainees at the Guantanamo Bay naval base in Cuba. The chapter then discusses the “presumption against extraterritoriality” that the Supreme Court applies when interpreting federal statutes. For situations in which the presumption is overcome or is inapplicable, the chapter explains how customary international law principles relating to prescriptive jurisdiction can be relevant in U.S. litigation through application of the Charming Betsy canon of construction. In addition, the chapter discusses the role of “universal jurisdiction” in U.S. litigation and criminal prosecution. Possible constitutional limitations on the extraterritorial application of both federal statutes and state laws, based on due process and other considerations, are also considered.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Nasal explants"
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Uller, L., M. Andersson, Y. Yudina, P. Howarth, P. Lackie, and C. Persson. "Epithelial Repair and Expression of TSLP and EGFR in Nasal Polyp Explants." In American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a4952.
Повний текст джерела
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Marthin, JK, and KG Nielsen. "Three Dimensional Explants (3-DE) of Nasal Airway Epithelium as a Diagnostic Tool in PCD." In American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a1227.
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Rocha, Tainá Teixeira, Hairon Antonio Friedrich Rodrigues, Israeli Ingrid Costa De Brito, Dhyene Rayne Dos Santos Becker, and Raírys Cravo Herrera. "ESTABELECIMENTO IN VITRO DE BAGASSA GUIANENSIS AUBL. A PARTIR DE EXPLANTES FOLIARES." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Biotecnologia Vegetal On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/2408.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introdução: A tatajuba (Bagassa guianensis Aubl.) é uma espécie de grande porte da família Moraceae encontrada na Amazônia em áreas de terra firme. Sua madeira é bastante explorada economicamente devido a sua versatilidade, podendo ser empregada na construção naval, carpintaria, marcenaria, cabos de ferramentas e outros usos. Neste contexto, o cultivo in vitro torna-se promissor para propagação de plantas de qualidade de tatajuba. Objetivo: Por isso, objetivou-se avaliar o estabelecimento in vitro a partir de explantes foliares de tatajuba, uma das espécies prioritárias do projeto “Rede de pesquisa em recursos genéticos de plantas da Amazônia: conservação ex situ” PROCAD-AM/CAPES. Material e Métodos: Após a coleta no viveiro as folhas foram submetidas à pré-assepsia por meio de lavagem em água corrente e detergente líquido. Em câmara de fluxo laminar, a assepsia dos segmentos foliares se deu pela imersão em solução de álcool 70% por 1 minuto e hipoclorito em diferentes concentrações (0%, 1% e 1,5%) por 10 minutos, sendo posteriormente lavadas três vezes em água destilada autoclavada. Após a assepsia, os segmentos foliares foram inoculadas em meio de cultura MS suplementado com sacarose 30 g L-1, carvão ativado 0,3% e 2,4-D na concentração de 5 mg L-1, solidificado com ágar 6%, o pH ajustado para 5,8 ± 0,1, e incubação no escuro. Resultados: O delineamento experimental foi casualizado com 3 tratamentos e 10 repetições. Após 15 dias da inoculação foram avaliadas as porcentagens de indução de calos e de oxidação. Tanto a indução de calos quanto a porcentagem de oxidação foram melhores no tratamento com 1% de hipoclorito de sódio (100% e 25,78, respectivamente). Conclusão: O hipoclorito de sódio foi eficiente no estabelecimento in vitro e houve calogênese em folhas de tatajuba em meio de cultivo com 2,4-D.
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Rowley, C., and G. Ford. "Digitally Empowering Naval Fleet Support." In 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Throughout history, the Royal Navy (RN) has invested in technical innovation to gain warfare advantage over its opponents. However, innovation often comes with change to the asset design, its operation and through life support. The most obvious example was during the turn of the 20th century when the RN moved from coal to oil powered propulsion systems, resulting in a major change to the skills of the crew and the support chain. The demands placed on the RN have continued to grow during the 21st century, with a fleet of highly complex surface ships and submarines that provide the UK conventional and nuclear strike capability. This paper explains how warfare advantage can be further improved by information exploitation that is targeted at the improvement of fleet availability, capability and safety by empowering the operator and its shore-side support organisation. The projects described in this paper have been developed in collaboration with the RN as part of the Maritime Support Information Exploitation Strategy (known as MarSIX). The paper therefore discusses the information principles used within Babcock’s Support Strategy to deliver Navy Command’s MarSIX vision.
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Lombardi, Michael A. "Determining the Uncertainty of Frequency Measurements Referenced to GPS Disciplined Oscillators." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2013.34.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
GPS disciplined oscillators (GPSDOs) are commonly used as references for frequency calibrations. Over long intervals, a GPSDO is an inherently accurate source of frequency because it is continuously adjusted to agree with the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) time scale maintained by the United States Naval Observatory (USNO). However, most frequency calibrations last for intervals of one day or less, and it can be difficult for metrologists to determine the uncertainty of a GPSDO during a short interval, and even more difficult to prove their uncertainty claims to skeptical laboratory assessors. This paper can serve as a guide to metrologists and laboratory assessors who work with GPSDOs as frequency standards. It describes the relationship between GPS time and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and explains why GPS time is traceable to the SI. It discusses how a GPSDO utilizes the GPS signals to control the frequency of its local oscillator. It explains how to estimate frequency stability, and how to apply estimates of frequency stability to determine the uncertainty of a GPSDO used as the reference for a frequency calibration.
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Quadvlieg, F. H. H. A., E. Armaoglu, R. Eggers, and P. van Coevorden. "Prediction and verification of the maneuverability of naval surface ships." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2010-t28.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Specialist Team for Seaway Mobility (ST/SM) has progressed significantly in the development of new mission-oriented maneuvering criteria in the format of a NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG). This work was finalized in July 2010, and the STANAG has now been submitted for ratification to all NATO member countries. Navies can now include maneuverability requirements in their vessel specifications more comprehensively and accurately. Obviously, this will have implications for prospective ship designers and builders, who will be obliged to meet these requirements. The objective of this paper is to create awareness that these criteria are approaching soon. Tools and methods are to be prepared and validated to assist in the design of the vessel in accordance with the criteria. The paper explains the prediction and verification procedures of vessel compliance. First, the philosophy and approach of the criteria is explained and discussed. Discussing all criteria is a task too detailed for this paper, as there are up to 240 criteria, depending on missions and capabilities. A selected subset of criteria is discussed in this paper. An example of the verification process is carried out for one ship: the naval combatant benchmark vessel 5415M. The reader will be guided through the steps of: selection of criteria, selection of tools, and the verification itself. The contents of the steps will be different in each loop of the design spiral. This paper shows methods to predict and verify compliance with each requirement in both the conceptual and detailed design stage. In the conceptual design stage the verification is done by performing numerical simulations. In the detailed design stage, these simulations are augmented by a smart selection of scaled model tests.
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Lepicovsky, J., E. R. McFarland, R. V. Chima, and J. R. Wood. "On Flowfield Periodicity in the NASA Transonic Flutter Cascade: Part I — Experimental Study." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0572.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An extensive study to improve flow uniformity and periodicity in the NASA Transonic Flutter Cascade is presented here. The results are reported in two independent parts dealing with the experimental approach and the analytical approach. The first part, the Experimental Study, focuses first on the data sets acquired in this facility in the past and explains several discrepancies, particularly the questions of actual flow incidence and cascade backpressure levels. Next, available means for control and modifications of the cascade flowfield, boundary layer bleed and tailboard settings are presented in detail. This is followed by experimental data sets acquired in modified test facility configurations that were based on analytical predictions of the cascade flowfield. Finally, several important conclusions about improving the cascade flowfield uniformity and blade load periodicity are summarized. The most important conclusions are: (1) boundary layer bleed system does not improve the cascade flow periodicity; (2) carefully match the tunnel wall contours to the expected shape of cascade streamlines; (3) measure actual flow incidence for each cascade configuration rather than rely on the tunnel geometry; and (4) the current cascade configuration exhibits a very high blade load uniformity over six blades from blade #2 to blade #7, and the facility is now ready for unsteady pressure data acquisition.
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Peters, William Sidney, and Vadim I. Belenky. "Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria: An Overview." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2022-049.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Interim guidelines on the second generation intact stability criteria were approved by IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) in December 2020 (MSC.1/Circ.1627). These were followed by MSC’s approval of Explanatory Notes to the Interim guidelines in April 2022. Under development internationally for nearly two decades, the second generation intact stability criteria are, in most respects, based on the assessment of the dynamics of stability failures. Therefore, they are unlike previous stability criteria that evaluate quantities of various common static stability parameters against established, but arbitrary, standards for compliance. This paper provides an overview of the second generation intact stability criteria, explains how it is intended to be used, its relationship to existing international ship stability criteria, and describes a process by which practicing naval architects may use it. The paper also identifies possible shortcomings of the criteria and areas in which particular caution should be exercised in its use. Lastly, proposals for future enhancement of the criteria are summarized.
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Anderson, J., and A. Hampton. "A Precision, High Capacity, High Speed, Right Angle Drive Fully Submerged Propulsor Dynamometry System (FSPD)." In SNAME 23rd American Towing Tank Conference. SNAME, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/attc-1992-037.
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This paper explains the capabilities of a new right angle drive propeller dynamometry system which has recently been put into service at the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (CDNSWC). The towing carriage mounted Fully Submerged Propulsor Dynamometer (FSPD) was designed to make precision steady state measurements of propeller thrust and torque while moving through the water at high speeds in the towing basin. Experiments may be performed at various depths and shaft inclination angles. The capabilities introduced by this new instrument will make investigations into many phenomena and the measurement of their effects on propeller performance possible. The FSPD has been used for obtaining the high speed open water performance for the large diameter propulsors used in cavitation experiments at CDNSWC. Experiments have been performed to determine the effects of the variation of propeller depth of submergence and Reynolds Numbers on open water performance. Some preliminary experimental results are presented in this paper.
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Clippinger, David C., Elizabeth M. H. Garcia, and Todd E. Taylor. "Dynamically Induced Roll in Head Seas." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2012-a13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The subject of a monohull surface vessel rolling in longitudinal waves (head seas) is introduced. The discussion includes a treatment of the rigid-body dynamics behind coupled roll and pitch motions. Simplified non-linearly coupled roll-heave-pitch differential equations of motion including inertial, damping, and stiffness terms are developed. Direct and parametric excitation terms are also discussed. It is shown that inertial dynamic coupling, non-linear stiffness coupling, and parametric excitation can all contribute to rolling in longitudinal waves. The inertial dynamic coupling is shown to result from a product of inertia term appearing in the differential equations of motion. Results obtained from the analysis include frequency amplitude response plots for roll, heave, and pitch motions, as well as plots illustrating a saturation phenomenon and a transfer of energy between the pitch and roll modes that explains the presence of roll in certain purely head seas situations. Recommendations for naval architects and mariners are provided to guide design, weight distribution, and loading decisions in hopes of avoiding situations where head seas can drive significant and potentially dangerous roll motions.