Дисертації з теми "Nanoparticules métalliques – Propriétés optiques"
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Valamanesh, Mehrnoush. "Elaboration et étude des propriétés optiques et structurales des nanoparticules métalliques." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066541.
Повний текст джерелаMarhaba, Salem. "Influence de la morphologie sur les propriétés optiques de nano-objets métalliques uniques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00356212.
Повний текст джерелаNgo, Hoang Minh. "Propriétés optiques non linéaires de molécules et de nanoparticules métalliques pour la photonique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN050/document.
Повний текст джерелаNonlinear optics is well known to be a highly powerful tool to investigate the photonic properties of molecules, materials and nanostructures. Size and shape of noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) strongly influence their second-order nonlinear optical properties. In this PhD thesis, we propose a systematic investigation of the influence of the nanoparticle surface area on their first hyperpolarizability beta values. Powdery-silver nanoparticles (diameters 7 nm) and colloidal solutions on NMNPs with different composition, sizes and shapes have been synthesized, i.e. silver nanospheres (diameters 10 nm), gold nanospheres (diameters 3.0; 11.6; 15.8; 17.4; 20.0 and 43 nm), gold nanorods (aspect ratios 1.47; 1.63 and 2.30), silver nanorods (aspect ratios 5.0; 6.3; 7.5; 8.2 and 9.7), platinum nanoflowers (diameters 7.0; 8.0; 10.0; 14.0; 20.0 and 31.0 nm) and gold nanoprisms (edge length tuned from 47.5 to 112.3 nm). Harmonic light scattering (HLS) at 1064 nm is used to investigate the second harmonic generation from colloidal NMNPs, and to infer their first hyperpolarizability tensor beta. For the nanospheres and nanorods investigated in this work, we demonstrate that their beta values display a strong dependence with their surface area, which is the dominant parameter in the evolution of beta values. Otherwise, particle surface corrugation and shape irregularities of nanoflowers are responsible for exceptionally high beta values. Moreover, we report for the first time in the literature that the beta values of nanoprisms display not only a linear dependence with respect to the surface area, but are also sensitive to the sharpness of the triangle vertices
Guillot, Nicolas. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules métalliques et application aux nanocapteurs par exaltation de surface." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844312.
Повний текст джерелаHaggui, Mohamed. "Etude des propriétés optiques en champ proche des nanoparticules métalliques par photoimagerie moléculaire." Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0015.
Повний текст джерелаDuring this thesis, we used a photochemical imaging approach developed at LNIO to study the optical near field of several kinds of metal nanoparticles. Our approach is based on the vectorial displacement of photo-sensitive molecules that undergo cycles of isomerization under optical excitation. These nanoparticles have been studied with a spatial resolution better than 15nm, ie λ/35. We studied in detail the optical near field of isolated gold nanocubes in terms of spatial confinement of electromagnetic hot spots. We have also introduced the new concept of “cold spots” which corresponds to the zones presenting no EM activity on the ridges of the nanocube. We demonstrated that cold spots are highly sensitive to polarization and can be much more confined than hot spots. Furthermore, we studied the electromagnetic coupling between neighboring silver nanoparticles. We experimentally demonstrated that it is possible to control the light localization from the far field domain in a plasmonic nanoantenna constituted of three aligned silver dots. Finally, we studied the effect of photo-induced molecular migration on the plasmonic response of metal nanoparticles based on white light illumination. It is shown that changes in effective refraction index of the surrounding media due to matter migration result in variations in the resonance wavelength
Mongin, Denis. "Spectroscopie ultrarapide de nanoparticules métalliques et hybrides." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10129/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe usse of a pump-probe experimental setup allowed the study of different specific physical properties of different types of nano-objects. First, the selective study of an hybrid nanoparticles comosed of a CdS nanostick and a particle directly groxwn on the semiconductor part proved the existence of a transfer between the two part of the hybrid nanoparticle and showed that this phenomenon occurs in less than 15 femtosecondes. The study of optical propertie of gold nanoparticles with an extra charge due to the transfer showed that adding few electrons to a small gold nanoparticles leads to a red shift of the plasmon resonance. Secondly, measurment of the period of fundamental vibration modes of a bilayer nano-object (spheric or elongated) composed of a metallic core and a dielectric or metallic shell lead to information on the relative thickness of the layers and the contact quality between them. LAstly, the study of the characteristic time of electron-phonon interactions in metallic nanoparticles has proven that there are two different methods of measuring this characteristic time, and its investigation for small nanoparticles (less than 250 atoms) leads to the observation of a transition form a "bulk" to a molecular behaviour
Labbani, Amel. "Matériaux BIP à base de nanoparticules métalliques et semiconductrices : étude des propriétés optiques par FDTD." Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STET4015.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, we report the investigation of 1D and 2D photonic band gaps of a new class of materials using FDTD (Finite Domain Time Difference) method. These materials are obtained by doping glass with semiconductor or metal nanoparticles. The presence of the nano-objects in the silica permits to obtain a new composite material from which the optical properties are different from the starting host matrix. The originality of this new class of materials is in the possibility of obtaining tunable optical properties in several characteristic parameters of particles. The results of our simulations show that the characteristics of the diagrams of bands (number, width, central wavelength) of mirrors of Bragg (ZnS+glass) /glass and (Ag+glass) /glass, are adjustable according to the polarization, variation Δn, the form and the concentration of NP. No band gap was found for the 2D system constituted of ZnS particles disposed periodically in a host matrix with a square for TE and TM polarization modes. However in the case of hexagonal lattice, for the TE polarization mode, offer an interesting photonic band gaps. The example presented of the nanocavity gives us an idea of the photonic systems that we can obtain with these new materials. The study was enlarged to the modeling mirrors composed with metallic and semiconductor nanoparticles (NP) embedded in the dielectric matrix with introducing absorption of NP
Lantiat, David. "Morphologie et auto-organisation de nanoparticules métalliques dispersées dans des matrices diélectriques : influence sur les propriétés optiques." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331903.
Повний текст джерелаBenghorieb, Soulef. "Modélisation des modifications des propriétés optiques de nouveaux matériaux nanostructurés par des particules métalliques." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STET4002.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to modeling of the optical properties of nanostructured dielectrics by metal particles. We interested in two aspects of the problem: the determination of effective index and field distribution of plasmon nanoparticles dispersed in such media. We have developed two numerical approaches. The first is devoted to the simulation of real and imaginary parts of the effective index of heterogeneous medium. In order to compare experience and theory, we have proposed an experimental approach to measure the effective refractive index of colloidal solutions containing metal or semiconductor nanospheres. The second aspect deals with the method of extraction of the field plasmon on the surface of metal nanosphere when it is excited by electromagnetic plane wave. The calculated effective index and field plasmon are done in function of characteristic parameters of nanoparticles and host matrix
Bachelier, Guillaume. "Propriétés optiques de nano-structures métalliques et semi-conductrices." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008229.
Повний текст джерелаYazidi, Senda. "Structure et propriétés optiques de nanoparticules couplées : application à la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface." Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2279/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to use nanostructured alumina surfaces to guide the growth and to optimize the organization of metallic particles (Ag, Au and AgxAu1-x), and to test those systems as reusable SERS-active substrates. We used spectrophotometry to characterize the resulting optical properties, spectroscopic ellipsometry for the determination of the optical index and transmission electron microscopy for the structural characterizations. Surfaced-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used for the detection of adsorbed bipyridine molecules on the sample surface, in collaboration with the Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel at Nantes. We first study systems consisting of monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles in order to understand the growth modes of such particle assemblies. A particular attention is paid to the influence of the sequential deposition of Au and Ag on the structural and optical properties. We show that different arrangements of bimetallic nanoparticles are obtained according to the deposition sequence used and that an alloy is obtained after ex situ annealing under vacuum. The near-field and far-field optical properties of AgxAu1-x nanoparticle alloys embedded in an alumina matrix are compared numerically by the finite difference time domain method, with those of pure metal nanoparticles. Our results indicate that pure metal nanoparticles exhibit a greater field enhancement than alloy nanoparticles. Finally, SERS experiments conducted with a dichroic system made of coupled Ag nanoparticles show that an intense SERS signal can be obtained with coated nanoparticles
Palpant, Bruno. "Effets de taille dans la réponse optique d'agrégats de métaux nobles en matrice : étude expérimentale et interprétation théorique." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10214.
Повний текст джерелаGhaymouni, Jaouad. "Etude et caractérisation de nanoparticules." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0075.
Повний текст джерелаThis work describes how to create and characterize metallic nanoparticles. Two major steps are required to obtain such nanoparticles. The first one consists in the making of thin layers using a sputtering method. To evaluate the efficiency of this method, we have carefully analyzed how various parameters may affect the deposit. The set of parameters includes the distance between the target and the substrate, the current and the time of deposit. We have shown that these parameters are crucial regarding the morphology of the layer, its porosity as well as its optical and electrical properties. The second step consists in the preparation of the nanoparticles solution using a new method using ultrasounds. By characterizing the solutions, we have carefully checked the properties of the nanoparticles and the efficiency of the method. The tools and the methods we have used are based on imagery (MEB, TEM, AFM), optical and spectroscopic characterization and dynamic light scattering. First results are also presented concerning targeted therapy. The aim is to use the nanoparticles we have made to destroy tumor cells. An experimental setup has been used to evaluate the capabilities of the nanoparticles to increase their temperature under magnetic field activity using a field of 15 mT at high frequencies (200 kHz)
Juvé, Vincent. "Spectroscopie linéaire et ultra-rapide de nanoparticules métalliques : de l'ensemble au nano-objet individuel." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957832.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Suyeon. "Synthesis and properties of mono and bi- metallic nanoparticles of noble metals; towards fabrication of novel functional nanoparticles assemblies." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS580.
Повний текст джерелаNoble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted a great interest last years in various domains due to their distinct physical and chemical properties such as optical, catalytic or magnetic properties. In this thesis, we investigated the various approaches to integrate two metals in the same system, such as bimetallic nanoparticles, or binary superlattices to obtain new properties. We have developed seed-mediated growth method to rationally synthesis core-shell NPs Au(or Ag)@M (M=Ag, Pd, Pt). The impact of synthesis parameters such as concentration of metallic precursors, nature of ligands or temperature on key NPs parameters (core size, shell thickness, dispersity) was studied. The optical, vibrational and catalytic properties of different bimetallic NPs were characterized according to their structure, chemical composition, number of shell atomic layer and core crystallinities. In addition, binary NP superlattices, which are co-assembled from of two different complementary components were also reported. Several assembly conditions (effective size ratio, concentration ratio, deposition temperature, deposition method) were explored. The physical mechanism responsible for the observed structural variation was thus identified. A variety of crystalline structures for the binary superlattices such as AlB2, NaZn13, NaCl were produced. Finally, the magnetic properties of Fe2O3/Au NP binary superlattices were studied. They are determined by the interparticle distance of Fe2O3 NPs modulated by the insertion of Au NPs
Resano-Garcia, Amandine. "Élaboration par ablation laser en milieu liquide de nanoparticules métalliques : caractérisation et modélisation des réponses plasmoniques des nanoparticules d’or et d’argent." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0320/document.
Повний текст джерелаMetal nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit unique optical properties (OP) coming from the collective oscillations of their electrons. This effect is translated by the emergence of a band of plasmon, the characteristics which can be modulated by the size, the shape and the nature of the NPs as well as by the environment of the host. There are many methods for the preparation of NPs, and one of them is the pulsed-laser ablation in liquid (PLAL). This technique offers some advantages such as simplicity, versatility and surface NP without contamination (reducing agent residues and/or stabilizers). Its main drawbacks are the lacks of productivity and control of the NP size and shape. This work is devoted to elaboration of Ag NPs by PLAL and theoretical investigation of their OP. We give here the results about the optimization of elaboration parameters leading to obtaining reproducible and controlled distributions of Ag NPs. The OP of these NPs are measured and compared to specific physical models based on the effective medium theory (EMT). Classical EMT such as Maxwell Garnett approximation allows describing the OP of monodisperse NPs. However, conventional preparation routes unavoidably conduct to NPs showing a shape and a size distribution which induces drastic changes in the OP. A SDEMT model which considers the shape dispersion is proposed for the calculation of the effective dielectric function and absorption coefficient of colloidal solution of metal NPs in water. Contrary to the conventional theory, this model gives a better description of the measured absorption and ellispometry spectra of sample containing Ag and Au NPs
Juvé, Vincent. "Spectroscopie linéaire et ultra-rapide de nanoparticules métalliques : de l’ensemble au nano-objet individuel." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10163/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe size reduction of metals, from bulk to nanoparticles, induces significant modifications of their properties. For instance, the optical properties evolve and a new resonance, the localized surface plasmon resonance, appears in the optical spectrum and is responsible for the change of colors of metallic nanoparticles. This work is focused on studies of metals’ properties at the nanometric scale. In the first part, the vibrational and thermal properties are studied with a femtosecond spectroscopy technique. It is shown that it is possible to excite and detect optically vibrational frequencies in the terahertz domain by studying platinum nanoparticles formed by less than 100 atoms. The study of the thermal properties of the metallic nanoparticles (gold and silver) has shown that the boundary effect increases. This thermal boundary resistance, known as the Kapitza resistance, plays a dominant role in the heat transfer at the nanometric scale. A correlation between the experimental values of the thermal boundary resistance and the acoustic impedances of the boundary’s materials has been found. We have also shown that the Kapitza resistance is a decreasing function of the temperature in the 70-300K range. In the second part, the effect of the size reduction on the optical properties of non-spherical nanoparticles is observed. The Spatial Modulation Spectroscopy technique is used in order to locate and study individual gold nanorods. It is shown that the two geometrical parameters (the length and the diameter) of the nanorods influence the spectral linewidth of the localized surface plasmon resonance. This effect is not predicted by existing classical or quantum models
Butet, Jérémy. "Diffusion de second harmonique par les nanoparticules métalliques à symétrie sphérique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10115/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is devoted to the study of the second harmonic scattering from spherical metallicnanoparticles. The optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles are known to be dominated bythe localized surface plasmon resonances which increase the second harmonic intensity. From afundamental point of view, the octupolar emission mode is revealed for the first time bycomparison between experiments and theory. The origin of the second harmonic generation(SHG) in metallic nanoparticles is discussed showing that bulk contributions are needed. It wasshown that Fano profiles can be observed in a very simple configuration. Practical applicationsare also addressed demonstrating that the properties of SHG increase the plasmonic sensorperformances. The second harmonic generation form single gold nanoparticles embedded in ahomogeneous medium is also reported for the first time paving the way toward a betterunderstanding of the morphology impact on the nonlinear response of metallic nanoparticles
Glaria, Arnaud. "Généralisation d'une approche de synthèse par voie organométallique, à température ambiante, de nanoparticules monocristallines d'oxydes métalliquess : étude de leurs propriétés optiques ou magnétiques." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/157/.
Повний текст джерелаOur group has recently developed an organometallic synthetic approach for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles with controlled size and shape. The aim of this thesis is to generalise this method to other metal oxide nanoparticles with a size smaller than 5 nm. This work deals with the synthesis and the study of metal-oxide nanoparticles exhibiting either luminescent (ZnO) or magnetic properties (Gamma-Fe2O3, Co3O4, CoFe2O4, FeO or CoO). In the first part of this thesis, we show that adding an organolithium precursor during the ZnO nanoparticles synthesis modifies their growth mechanism. Therefore, the size of the particles is directly related to the amount of the organolithium precursor and varies from 2. 5 to 4. 3 nm. In this way, colloidal solutions and nanoparticles in the solid state are obtained which display a luminescence in the visible range from yellow to blue through white. In the second part, we show the generalisation of this approach to magnetic nanoparticles such as Gamma-Fe2O3 and CoFe2O4. We show therefore the variation of the interactions between the particles depending on the experimental conditions. Finally, we show that we can also adapt this approach to the synthesis of unstable phases such as FeO and CoO. The last part of this manuscript deals with the synthesis of metallic particles (Fe, Co, Zn) using an amine-borane complex as reducing agent of our organometallic complexes
Raulin-Woznica, Katarzyna. "Étude du dopage par des ions actifs et des nanoparticules semi-conductrices de matériaux sol-gel pour l'optique : interaction dopant-matrice et croissance localisée de nanoparticules par irradiation laser." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10100/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work concerns the elaboration by sol-gel process and the characterization of porous SiO2 xerogels doped with active ions and/or with semiconducting nanoparticles of CdS. The aim of the study was to contribute to the comprehension of the doping effects on structural and optical properties of the final material. We showed by Raman spectroscopy and nitrogen absorption-desorption that the insertion of active ions, such as Cd2+, Pb2+ or Eu3+, changes the kinetics and the mechanisms of the gelation and densification of the network of SiO2. The choices of the pH and of the concentration of the doping ion have distinct effects on the kinetics. This study was completed by emission spectroscopy using Eu3+ ion as luminescent probe to describe the environment of this ion in the porous matrix. The SiO2 xerogels were post-doped with CdS nanoparticles. The post-doping technique consists in the diffusion of an aqueous solution containing cadmium and sulphur precursors in the porous matrix. The nanoparticles crystallize in situ by heat treatment. The nanoparticle size and their emission properties were determined by UVvisible absorption as well as emission and excitation spectroscopies. The results showed the influence on optical properties of trap levels introduced by the surface defects of nanoparticles and an enhancement of the Eu3+ emission in SiO2 xerogel co-doped with CdS :Eu3+. A second method for the formation of CdS nanoparticles was used. CdS microstructures were created locally by pulsed laser irradiation of sol-gel matrices containing the CdS precursors
Bobin, Olivier. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules de cuivre et d'argent dans des matrices silicatées : application aux archéomatériaux : céramiques glaçurées à décor de lustre métallique du IXème siècle : Grande Mosquée de Kairouan-Tunisie." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR30065.
Повний текст джерелаToudert, Johann. "Croissance, nanostructure et réponse optique de films minces d'agrégats d'argent dans des matrices diélectriques." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00502443.
Повний текст джерелаGrillet, Nadia. "Réponse optique de nano-objets uniques d’argent : couplage plasmonique et photo-oxydation." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10135/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles are known to be dominated by the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which is highly sensitive to the size of the particles, their shape, their environment, and eventually their chemical composition in the case of mixed systems. In order to study the optical response of a single supported metallic nanoparticle, a high sensitive spectroscopic setup using a white lamp (300-900 nm) has been developed in a transmission measurement configuration. This technique, the Spatial Modulation Spectroscopy, aims to detect the overall extinction of light by a nanoparticle. Moreover, the coupling of this technique with the direct observation of the particles by Transmission Electron Microscopy allows to get an unambiguous description of their optical response in relation with their exact morphology. In this work, the optical response of single silver nano-objects has been correlated with their morphology and their structure at a sub-nanometer scale. Time evolution of the optical response of single silver nanocubes under illumination was first investigated. We observed a “spherization” and a photo-oxidation due to the UV part of the light. Moreover, we studied pairs of cubic silver nanoantennas that showed a huge sensitivity of their optical response with the interparticle distance and their morphology. Indeed, the SPR is red-shifted with decreasing interparticle distance. One can also observe a striking splitting of the resonance for very low interparticle distances. Preliminary DDA calculations seem to show that the radius of curvature at the corners and edges of both cubes plays a key role in the splitting of the resonance
Margueritat, Jérémie. "Optical and vibrational properties of new “nano-designed” materials produced by pulsed laser deposition." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/272/.
Повний текст джерелаWe have developed new concepts for the fabrication of thin layer of nanostructured materials based on the deposit by alternate laser ablation of metal (Ag) and dielectric (Al2 O3). This technique allows us to reach an optimal control on the morphological parameters of the nanostructures, which determine the optical response of the thin layers. We produced nanospheres, nanolentils and nanocolumns, self-organized and oriented, embedded in an amorphous alumina matrix. Their optical response was studied according to their morphology and was compared with theoretical simulations. Simultaneously, the vibrational answer of nanostructures was analyzed using low frequency Raman spectrometry. Finally, nanostructures containing alternate layers of Co and Ag nanoparticles, respectively, and separated by few nanometers have also been produced. We have shown that the interaction between the surface plasmon and the spheroidal acoustic vibration modes of the nanoparticles, activates the Raman signal
Billaud, Pierre. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules uniques de métaux nobles." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00213213.
Повний текст джерелаKouriba, Timothe. "Propriétés optiques de microstructures à base de nanofils métalliques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00845919.
Повний текст джерелаKouriba, Timothé. "Propriétés optiques de microstructures à base de nanofils métalliques." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY084/document.
Повний текст джерелаWe used a novel method of laser photochemistry to fabricate 3D microstructures based on metallic nanowires. Nanowires are obtained by laser photoreduction of metallic salt dissolved in a polymer matrix. The chemical reaction is initiated by the two-photon absorption of a photoreductor only at laser focal point. The geometry of microstructures is obtained by moving laser focal point according to suitable trajectories. In this thesis, we have studied the optical properties of of structures based on silver nanowires. A nanowire that stops a plane wave creates a diffracted field which shows parabolic trajectories of maxima and minima intensities. Calculations based on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction show that this typical figure corresponds to interferences between the incident plane wave and spherical waves generated at the two nanowire edges. When nanowires are arranged into set of parallel nanowires, spaced by a few microns, their diffracted fields generate intensity distributions similar to those of cylindrical refractive microlenses. In that case interference between the incident wave and the diffracted wave leads to a quadrative phase which is the at origin of focalisation. Manufacturing 2D arrays of nanowires allow to achieve very dense arrays of microlenses (10000x10000 DPI, dots per inch), which are impossible to make with refractive microlenses. The possibility to make 3D geometry permit to manipulate maxima and minima intensity trajectories for new diffractive functions at the microscopic scale. For instance manufacturing nanowires shifted in space leads to a new type of optical microdevice that allows the spatial separation of colors red, green and blue at microscopic scale
Baida, Hatim. "Propriétés optiques et spectroscopie non-linéaire de nanoparticules individuelles." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713129.
Повний текст джерелаBalti, Imen. "Nanohybrides inorganique-organiques à base de ZnO, Zn0,95Ni0,05O,coeur-coquille ZnO@γ-Fe2O3 et de polymères bioactifs : Elaboration,propriétés optiques et magnétiques, cytotoxicité". Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/intranet/edgalilee_th_2012_balti.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаZnO, Zn0. 95Ni0. 05O and core@shell ZnO@γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been prepared using forced hydrolysis of acetate metallic salts in a polyol medium and coated with poly(sodium-4- styrenesulfonate) and poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate–co–sodium methacrylate) via surfaceinitiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The bare nanoparticles display sphericalmorphology with a diameter size laying in the range 20 - 30 nm. The polymer chains weregrown from the surface to yield hybrid nanoparticles with an organic shell of 1 to 3 nm width. The surface modification with polymer did not alter the magnetic and optical properties of bare particles allowing their potential use for biomedical applications. The viability of human endothelial cells was not affected by coated nanoparticles after 48 h of exposition and normal proliferation occurred up to 8 days without alteration of the cell structure. Keywords: nanoparticles, magnetic and optical properties, bioactive Polymer, nonohybrids,cytotoxicity
Jaouen, Maud. "Propriétés optiques de monocouches moléculaires auto-assemblées sur surfaces métalliques." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112307/document.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the most widely studied type of photochromic molecules are azo-dye molecules whose photo-isomerization reaction entails important mass transport processes in polymer matrices.The aim of this PhD Thesis was to get a better understanding of the key parameters controling such photomechanical properties. For this purpose, we have driven some studies on Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) formed by azobenzene derivatives grafted to alkanethiol linkers on atomically flat gold surfaces. Self-assembling offers the possibility to perform both scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) experiments at the molecular scale and contact angle measurement at the macroscopic scale.A derivative alkanethiol system has been chosen to take benefit from the alkanethiol ability to form dense and regular self-assembled monolayers. Another interest of the alkanethiol linker is to easily adjust distance between the azo moiety and the gold surface through the length of the alkane chain. Then, this type of SAMs seems to be the good candidate to study the influence of (1) charges coupling effects between the neighbouring azo moieties and between the molecules and the metallic surface and (2) steric hindrance problems. Both a short (3 carbon atoms – “azoC3”) and a long (12 carbon atoms – “azo-C12”) alkane linker have more specifically been investigated. Although STM characterization have shown that azoC3 was organizing into a dense and regular packing showing a network quite similar to the one observed in the case of alkanethiols self-assembly, no modification could be evidenced upon illumination. Polarity modification between the trans and cis photoisomers, probed by wetting measurements, confirm the lack of photo-reactivity of these molecules grafted through a short linker to the metallic substrate. However, photo-isomerization effects have been observed at the macroscopic scale on polycristallines substrates for the long linker (“azo-C12”). The reasons for such behavior come from the intrinsic properties of alkanethiol SAMs: a dense network involves a restricted free volume and significant intermolecular interactions that add additional de-excitation channels thus leading to a quenching of the photoinduced conformational changes, except at surface defects areas. These findings have been supported by complementary characterizations of fluorescence of similar thiolates SAMs. We have demonstrated that an alkane spacer corresponding to 11 C was allowing electronic decoupling thus leading to fluorescent emission in the case of non-dense thiolated SAMs of fluorescein derivatives. However, these studies have also confirmed the difficulty to control the dilution of photosensitive molecules (photochromic or fluorescent) inserted within thiolated SAMs. In order to overcome this problem, we have demonstrated the interest of another original molecular system whose extended head group permits the formation of a network less densely-packed than those formed by alkanethiol derivatives. These molecular systems self-assemble by physisorption onto graphite (HOPG) substrates, their organization properties being also maintained for graphene sheets deposited onto copper substrates. Advantageously, these sheets can easily be transferred to transparent substrates. These studies open thus new perspectives for the realization of simultaneous in-situ experiments coupling molecular scale topography informations using local probe microscopy (AFM or STM) and larger scale optical measurents (inverted optical microscopy) towards more accurate characterizations
Aubertin, Pierre. "Propriétés optiques, spectroscopiques et électrochimiques d'auto-organisation tridimensionnelles de nanoparticules." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066296/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the characterization of organized assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles called supracrystals. The nanoparticles have a diameter ranging from 5 to 11 nm diameter and a narrow size distribution allowing their organization at three dimensions. Once the supracrystals were obtained, we measured the absorbance spectrum of individual supracrystals made of various nanoparticles: copper, silver or gold. A simple theoretical model was used to calculate the absorbance spectrum from available data in the literature. We then demonstrated that the supracrystals made of silver or gold nanoparticles are suitable substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy applications. The sizes of the nanoparticles we use are indeed much smaller than in the literature, so that the number of hot spots and thus the sensitivity are increased. In view of coupling electrochemistry and Raman spectroscopy for future applications, we also measured the reflectance spectrum under potential control. Moreover, conductive AFM and Scanning ElectroChemical Microscopy measurements demonstrate that even if the conductivity of the supracrystals is weak, electron transfers between thin supracrystals and a redox probe in solution are nevertheless possible. Finally, holographic microscopy experiments allowed to follow the formation of these structures inside the solution
Brymora, Katarzyna. "Modélisation des propriétés magnétiques et optiques de nanoparticules d'intérêt médical." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965560.
Повний текст джерелаNelayah, Jaysen. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules metalliques aux échelles sous-longueur d’onde." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112331.
Повний текст джерелаFrom a fundamental point of view as well as for potential applications, understanding the srinking optical properties of metallic nanoparticles is crucial. In this manuscript, we showed on different metallic nanosystems, the possibility of mapping at the sub-wavelength scale the spatial variations of the electromagnetic fields associated to surface Plasmon resonances in the visible domain. This has been made possible by combining energy resolution improvements brought about during this thesis to low-loss electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and the nanometer resolution accessible in a scanning transmission electron microscope. Experiments undertaken on triangular silver nanoprisms, gold nanodecahedra and dimers of triangular silver nanoprisms have enabled us to study, in particular, the correlation existing between the surface plasmons maps and the direction of the excitation its symmetry and the shapes of the nanoparticles. Moreover, using the recent link established between low-loss EELS signals and the local density of photonic states (this is a universal quantity analogous to the local density of electronis states measured in tunneling microscope), we have been able to analytically calculate and simulate the EELS response of a molecule in the presence of planar metallic surface and thus, verify the feasibility of single molecule EELS spectroscopy
Brymora, Katarzyna. "Modélisation des propriétés magnétiques et optiques de nanoparticules d’intérêt médical." Thesis, Le Mans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEMA1015/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis concerns the ab initio modeling of ligands and magnetic nanoparticles used in medicine (magnetic hyperthermia, medical imaging). Calculations are performed by the Quantum Espresso software based on density functional theory and LDA+U. The goal is first to understand the binding of ligands on magnetic nanoparticles, the nature of ionicity in the particles, then to describe the change in magnetic anisotropy due to the chemical bondings on surface, and finally to describe the change in optical properties due also to the bonding of various ligands or clusters on the surface of hybrid gold and iron oxide nanoparticles
Royer, Pascal. "Etude théorique de l'excitation des plasmons de surface sur des particules d'argent ellipsoïdales de taille submicroscopique : effets du substrat, mise en évidence expérimentale par spectroscopie photoacoustique." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS036.
Повний текст джерелаRoyer, Pascal. "Etude théorique et expérimentale des propriétés optiques de particules submicroniques d'argent." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS019.
Повний текст джерелаIbn, El Ahrach Hicham. "Interactions optiques entre nanoparticules métalliques et systèmes moléculaires à indice de réfraction variable." Troyes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TROY0010.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is related to the study of optical interaction between metal nanoparticles MNP and molecular systems of variable refraction index. One of these properties is related to the excitation of surface waves, called surface plasmons (SP), whose spectral position depends on several parameters of which the refraction index of the surrounding medium. These SP are associated to a strong confinement effect and optical near field enhancement. A MNP illuminated under certain conditions, behave like a confined nanosource of light. Associated to a photosensitive polymer with well determined threshold energy of polymeri-zation, it induces a reduced photopolymeriza-tion thanks to the inhibiting effect of oxygen. Thus, an anisotropic nanpolymerization takes place, and one creates a hybrid metal/polymer particle. This polymerization also induces an anisotropic distribution of the refraction index around the MN. The surface plasmon reso-nance (SPR) gets dependent on the incident field polarization. The result of such an anisot-ropic distribution is a spectral degeneracy breaking of the SP mode. Finally, we can control the SPR position by an electrical orientation of liquid crystal with posi-tive birefringence. We study the effect of a rise of the local refraction index near a pair of MNP by spectra analysis. One shows the influence of the local refraction index which is materialized by a shift of SPR position. It represents a de-crease of the near field coupling yield between MNP with the reduction of the gap interparti-cles
Nardou, Éric. "Nanoparticules métalliques en matrices vitreuses pour l'amplification Raman." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740971.
Повний текст джерелаNardou, Éric. "Nanoparticules métalliques en matrices vitreuses pour l’amplification Raman." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10207/document.
Повний текст джерелаSignals in optical fibers used for the transfer of information are attenuated due to impurities, scattering, absorption… To compensate for these losses, several techniques were developed like Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). An alternative to rare earth doped fiber amplifier is Raman Amplification, which results from stimulated Raman scattering. Noble metal nanoparticles have optical properties induced by the collective oscillation of their conduction electrons when they interact with an electromagnetic wave. These particles strongly absorb the electromagnetic field at a frequency called surface Plasmon resonance frequency. This work is mainly based on effects leading to the improvement of the Raman Amplification. The ANR project Fenoptic (2010-2012), gathering Draka and several French laboratories (ICB (Dijon), CMCP (Paris), LPCML (Lyon)) is interested in the integration of noble metal nanoparticles in optical fibers using properties of the surface Plasmon resonance to improve the efficiency of optical amplifiers. In this work, different kinds of samples (suspensions, layers, optical fiber performs) with metal nanoparticles were studied. The experiments were based on the characterization (form and position of the Plasmon band) of noble metal nanoparticles in amorphous matrix and Raman spectroscopy was used to study the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) effect. For the first time, we found the Raman signal exaltation of an amorphous matrix
Gaudry, Mélanie. "Propriétés optiques d'agrégats mixtes de métaux de transition en matrice d'alumine : effets de taille et de composition." Lyon 1, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/04/49/06/PDF/tel-00001513.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGlais, Estelle. "Nanostructures à propriétés optiques et thermiques pour l’élaboration de « Nanothermomètres »." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS496.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of the variation of luminescent properties with temperature is one of the promising way to measure temperature. Recent studies showed that luminescent nanomaterials allow a local and contactless temperature determination. This could be very useful in many applications like medicine, aeronautic, and marine or in the understanding of catalytic mechanism. ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ is a potential nanothermometer because of its high sensitivity on a large temperature range. Indeed, the luminescence lifetime is drastically dependent on temperature since the 4T2 and 2E emitted levels are in thermal equilibrium. In this study, we firstly optimized the luminescence properties of 10 nm in diameter nanoparticles with the aim of improving their capability as thermal nanosensor. In order to generate a local temperature increase, gold nanorods are then synthetized. Under an appropriate excitation, such gold nanoparticles may induce a heating due to their plasmonic properties. Once the calibration of the nanosensor is effective and the heat generation is highlighted by thermal camera pictures, both nanoheaters and nanothermometers were introduced in the same medium. The variation of the optical nanosensor response is promising. Thus this coupled system is considered as a potential candidate for hyperthermia treatments with a precise and controlled temperature
Julien, Vieaud. "Propriétés optiques effectives de films composites de polymère et de nanoparticules d'or." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00676817.
Повний текст джерелаVieaud, Julien. "Propriétés optiques effectives de films composites de polymère et de nanoparticules d’or." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14349/document.
Повний текст джерелаBy spectroscopic ellipsometry, we study the optical properties in the range of UV-Visible-Infrared of composites films made of polymer and gold nanoparticles. We study the relation between these measurement and the structure of the nanocomposites, that we study by atomic force microscopy in particular. We distinguish the analysis of thicks films (tridimensionals) and thins (quasi-bidimensionals). In both of case, we confronte these experimentals results to the theoric models of effectives medium derivated for Maxwell-Garnett in particular
Portales, Hervé. "Étude par diffusion Raman de nanoparticules métalliques en matrice diélectrique amorphe." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10243.
Повний текст джерелаSoltani, Lakhdar. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés optiques et photoélectriques des couches métalliques granulaires d'argent." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS052.
Повний текст джерелаBayle, Maxime. "Architectures plasmoniques enterrées : élaboration, propriétés optiques et applications." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2664/.
Повний текст джерелаIn our work, we present the study of plasmonic architectures made of a plane of nanoparticules (NPs) embedded at the vicinity of a dielectric matrix free surface, by low energy ion beam synthesis. Materials structural analysis, especially by transmission electron microscopy, have been carried out to determine the impact of the elaboration process parameters on the three dimensional organization of the NPs, in silicon dioxide or nitride layers grown on silicon substrates. To systematically check these parameters, we studied the elastic and inelastic optical responses of the heterostructures. The elastic response has been obtained by measuring the reflectance of the samples, and confronted to numerical modelling we developed, to determine the mean size of the NPs and the implanted silver amount. The study of the electric field topography allowed us to take benefit from both plasmonic resonance and optical amplification in antireflective layers. The inelastic response has been studied using Raman spectroscopy over a wide frequency range: vibrational collective modes (Lamb modes) of the NPs have been studied at low frequency, while at higher frequency, we have extracted the vibrational density of states (VDOS). Combined with atomistic simulations, the VDOS gave us original information on the vibrational dynamics and the thermodynamic properties of buried silver NPs (and deposited gold NPs). Finally, we present some applications of the assemblies of NPs in hybrid devices, such as the use of coupling between these NPs and deposited substances (e. G. Graphene) on our substrates. In particular, it can be used for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Then using techniques from microelectronics, we designed plasmo-electronic devices exploiting photoconductance properties of these buried or deposited NPs assemblies
Sanchot, Audrey. "Propriétés optiques de nanostructures plasmoniques auto-assemblées : vers la plasmonique moléculaire." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAT0029/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is part of a larger project which uses plasmonic properties of colloidal systems to develop and conceive new submicron scale waveguides. Plasmonics exploits the collective oscillations of free electrons on noble metal surfaces, excited by incident light. Plasmonic waveguides made by lithography have shown potential for the confinement and guiding of light energy. On the other hand, their polycristallinity induces an optical dissipation that limits the propagation length. Our approach consists in using localized plasmons on colloidal and monocrystalline nano-object deposited on dielectric surfaces. Simulations, as well as experiments, have confirmed that the structure and organization of such objects generate both a confinement and an enhancement of the optical near field intensity in their vicinity. The characterization of the near field confinement near tiny plasmonic self-assembled structures presents several difficulties. First, it was necessary to synthesize objects and assemble them into networks, in coplanar geometry. Extended monolayer networks of monoparticle chains were obtained after deposition on a substrate previously immersed in an alkaline solution. In a second step, we have characterized the optical near-field around the colloids. We have applied molecular photomigration to image the near-field with a 50nm spatial resolution. This phenomenon relies on the molecular movement of photochromic films induced under light excitation. An AFM topographic characterization, before and after illumination, allows then to map the near-field intensity. A film migration, only around the object and along the field gradient, has been observed. Finally, we completed this study by using two "far field" techniques, based on "pixel by pixel" scanning of an "optical virtual probe". The two photons photoluminescence (TPL) has shown the possibility to confine or expand the signal, depending on object organization. The recording of map temperature by fluorescence polarisation anisotropy has demonstrated the interest of particle networks as localised heat sources
Sistach, stéphanie. "Stabilisation de nanoparticules métalliques en solution aqueuse par des molécules à propriétés stimuli-dépendantes." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1223/.
Повний текст джерелаFirst, several bolaamphiphiles (surfactant with two polar heads linked by an apolar chain) were synthezised then used as nanoparticles stabilizers. The influence of molecular structure (nature of the polar head, apolar chain length) on the stability of the system was studied. These two parameters appear to be very important for the colloidal stability, and a pH-sensitive behaviour was also observed. Original thermosensitive blos copolymers including a bloc of PNIPAM constitute the second stabilizers family. There were synthezised by RAFT/MADIX and caracterizedin bulk and aqueous solutions. The stabilization of gold nanoparticles in water was studied and the thermosensitive behaviour of copolymer allowed to have a reversible precipitation as a function of the temperature. These nanohybrids were then used in catalysis. The reversible agregation allowed the recovery and the reuse of the catalysts. Two reactions was studied: the reduction of the p-nitrophenol by the sodium borohydride (catalysed by gold nanoparticles) and alkene hydrogenation (catalysed by platinium nanoparticles). The influence of aggregation/redispersion cycles on the catalytic activity was also studied
Bel, Haj Salah Selim. "Plasticité des nanoparticules métalliques cubiques à faces centrées." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESMA0004/document.
Повний текст джерелаWhen characteristic dimensions decrease to nanometer, materials often exhibit different properties than those measured at higher scales. So, in terms of mechanical properties,increased resistance to plastic deformation is often reported. However, most research works in this domain focused on one dimensional systems like nanowires and nanopilars. Our knowledge concerning mechanical properties for another type of ’nano’ system, nanoparticles, are in fact much more limited. This is surprising, since they can be used in immense field of applications.The work presented here deals with the mechanical properties of spherical nanoparticles of face centered cubic metallic materials (aluminium, nickel, copper). They were conducted using molecular dynamics simulations under uniaxial compression. These last ones allow to analyze finely the mechanisms of plasticity at the atomic scale. Two main areas of study were selected :the influence of nanoparticle size and the orientation of the compression axis. Our results highlight the predominant role of contact surface geometry in the size range studied (4-80 nm) during the early stages of plastic deformation. We thus show that the latter influences the yield strength, as well as the plastic deformation mode, such as smearing
Taïnoff, Dimitri. "Influence des défauts sur les propriétés optiques et électroniques des nanoparticules de ZnO." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00507281.
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