Дисертації з теми "Nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer superparamagnétiques"
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Millart, Elodie. "Nanoparticules lipidiques de type Janus à compartiment superparamagnétique : du procédé de mise en oeuvre aux applications théranostiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS540/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent years, our team has developed original compartmented lipid nanometer-sized particles produced by high pressure homogenization, a scalable process, with pharmaceutically approved excipients. The particles actually belong to the family of Janus nano-objects as they are organized in two juxtaposed substructures : one half is a droplet of liquid-state lipids while the other half is vesicle-like and encloses an aqueous core delimited by a phospholipid-containing bilayer shell. Added to the intrinsic biocompatibility of the constituting lipids, such a system provides a potentially very valuable tool in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields, able to separately incorporate and co-convey hydrophilic and lipophilic substances with distinct activities, for example, a medical imaging agent and a drug for coupling diagnosis and therapy. Here, we are interested in loading Janus nanoparticles with a magnetic fluid composed of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (ferrofluid, FF), indeed as efficient contrast agent for MRI, being magnetically targetable and providing ability for hyperthermia treatment. Alternately, hydrophilic or lipophilic FF compatible with the production process have been developed by investigating different stabilization pathways of the nanocrystals depending on the encapsulation compartment
Gautier, Juliette. "Nanoparticules d'oxydes de fer PEGylées pour la délivrance de la doxorubicine : développement et évaluation de leur potentiel théragnostique." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR3805/document.
Повний текст джерелаPEGylated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were used as a platform to build theranostic nanovectors for the delivery of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX). The DOX loading on nanocarriers via a DOX-iron (II) complex was optimized. The complex dissociates at low pH, typical of intracellular compartments. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) confirmed that the nanovectors released DOX under free form. In vitro cytotoxicity due to DOX loaded on nanocarriers was performed on different breast cancer cells, and compared to that of DOX in solution. Internalization pathways of nanovectors were explored with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and intracellular fate of DOX was monitored by confocal spectral imaging (CSI). To finish, a therapeutical protocol was performed on tumorized mice, in order to evaluate the efficacy of the nanoformulation on tumor reduction, the possibility of magnetic targeting, and the decrease of side effects induced by DOX
Ferjaoui, Zied. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanoparticules magnétiques répondantes pour des applications en thérapie cancéreuse." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0013.
Повний текст джерелаIn the frame of this PhD project, smart superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been developed for a further use as a drug platform for cancer therapy. These nanoparticles of core / shell type are obtained from the functionalization of a core based on Fe3-δO4 by a co- polymer obtained from the surface-initiated polymerization of a mixture xMEO2MA and yOEGMA (x + y = 1). Once their structures and their colloidal behavior in water and in-vitro perfectly characterized as well as the demonstration of their thermo-responsive properties, studies of encapsulation and release of an anti-cancer drug, the doxorubicin (DOX) at physiological temperatures were successfully obtained. In-vitro studies showed the non- cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles, but when the cancer cells were in contact the DOX-loaded NPs, the cytotoxicity was increased. To induce the targeting of ovarian cancer (SKOV3 cells) and the enhancement of the internalization of nanoparticles in cells, we have functionalized the previous nanoparticles with folic acid as these last cells over-express receptors that bind folate α (FR-α ). The combination of different macroscopic and nanometric scale characterization techniques allowed us to conclude that our systems are capable of encapsulating DOX, releasing it in a specific manner and at a controlled rate and that they exhibit hyperthermia properties. We have then contributed to successfully develop new third generation vectors for cancer therapy
Nagle, Irène. "Magnetic approaches for tissue mechanics and engineering of the skeletal muscle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UNIP7079.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis is focused on the macroscopic mechanical properties of tissue models. The incorporation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles (maghemite) into the cells enables both their manipulation at distance to create multicellular aggregates of controlled shape and the application of forces to measure their mechanical properties or induce their organization. The cellular model chosen is a mouse muscle precursor cell line (C2C12), for a direct application to tissue mechanics and tissue engineering of the skeletal muscle. The deformations of the aggregate formed magnetically and then submitted to a magnetic field gradient enable to measure its macroscopic mechanical properties (surface tension, Young's modulus). We could therefore look at the interplay between the individual cell properties (cell-cell adhesions, actin structure and tension) and the mechanical properties at the tissue scale revealing the importance of desmin disorganization in macroscopic rigidity and surface tension. By using desmin-mutated muscle precursor cells (point mutations involved in desminopathies), we enhanced the fundamental role of the intermediate filament network architecture in this 3D tissue model. Magnetic forces were then used to promote differentiation into muscular cells by first reproducing their alignment and secondly mechanically stimulating them. To that end, we developed a magnetic stretcher to stretch multicellular aggregates of muscle precursor cells trapped between two mobile magnets and induce their differentiation into aligned muscular cells. This magnetic stretcher represents a new tool to study cell deformation under stretching and muscle cell differentiation
Hugounenq, Pierre. "Toxicologie des nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer : impact des modifications de surface." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066643.
Повний текст джерелаPotential hazard of nanoparticles is a key society challenge, particularly because the relation between exposure, dose and toxicity of nanoparticles is far to be clearly established. In particular, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are of great interest since they are already used in nanomedecine as commercial contrast agent for MRI or as heating agents in magnetic hyperthermia. In this thesis, we investigate the relation between surface properties of nanoparticles and their interactions with human cells. We have synthesized maghemite nanoparticles in sizes ranging from 6 to 50nm, with a spherical or flower-like shape and possessing various coatings, which control their surface charge densities and their aggregation state in biological media. The nanoparticles physical properties have been measured with a panel of techniques allowing us to fully characterize their size, specific surface area and crystallinity. The influence of these parameters on their toxicity has been investigated on adenocarcinomic human alveolar epithelial cells. Cellular viability tests and oxidative stress measurements show that the nanoparticles express a low toxicity. Only the positive nanoparticles show a significant cytotoxicity on the cells. The role of the coating and aggregation on the nanoparticles-cell interaction has been highlighted, showing thus that a deep characterization of the nanoparticles is necessary prior to any toxicity testing. The nanoflowers show not only a low toxicity but also exceptional properties as MRI contrast agents and magnetic hyperthermia vectors. Their use in biomedical application is therefore very promising
Trillaud, Hervé. "Distribution intrarénale des nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer en imagerie par résonance magnétique." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23022.
Повний текст джерелаBergeron, Benjamin. "Synthèse de nanoparticules à structure coeur-coquille d'oxyde de fer et d'or." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25564.
Повний текст джерелаMargeat, Olivier. "Effets de taille et de surface sur les propriétés physiques de nanoparticules superparamagnétiques." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30126.
Повний текст джерелаTerrier, Erwan. "Désaimantation induite par impulsions laser femtosecondes dans des nanostructures d'oxyde de fer." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE010/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with spins and charges ultrafast dynamics in iron oxide. Thanks to a time-resolved magneto-optical Faraday effect measurements, we show the demagnetization time in an assembly of maghemite nanoparticles is faster than the demagnetization time in an assembly of magnetite nanoparticles. A superposition of thermalization times of electron and demagnetization times is observed in maghemite. This acceleration of the demagnetization time is interpreted as the effect of an enhancement of antiferromagnetic interactions in maghemite. The second part demonstrates the possibility to characterize the Verwey transition in a thin film of magnetite thanks to charges and spins dynamics signals. The ultrafast magnetization dynamic shows a temperature-dependent precession motion. Huge modifications of oscillations are visible on both side of Verwey temperature, reflecting an anisotropy change typical of this transition
Kovalenko, Artem. "Stabilisation de microbulles de gaz par des tensioactifs semi-fluorés et des nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037952.
Повний текст джерелаHu, Ling. "Etude de nouveaux procédés de greffage de polymères biocompatibles sur des nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer : intérêt de la voie micro-onde." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOS062.
Повний текст джерелаMagnetic nanohybrids based on inorganic cores encapsulated by a biocompatible and/or biodegradable polymeric corona have been widely used in medical and pharmaceutical applications in aqueous medium. Generally, the magnetic nanoparticles are firstly obtained in aqueous medium and the grafting of polymer on the nanoparticles is then realized in an organic solvent. This work focuses on exploring a new approach to synthesis of core-corona structured nanohybrids in order to avoid the negative effects of classical synthesis techniques such as the significant loss of particles during washing procedures, the irreversible aggregation of particles and the danger of nano-powder materials after drying. This innovative approach was applied to obtain core-corona structured nanohybrids, based on maghemite nanoparticles and a water soluble, biocompatible polymer, polyethylene glycol methyl ether (mPEG), in aqueous medium (compatible with medical applications without further solvent exchange). Two synthesis methods, two-steps and one-step respectively, under classical heating, are developed. Their improvement by one-step microwave-assisted refluxing is also studied. In all cases, the grafting of mPEG, previously functionalized by introduction of silane ethoxy groups, on the surface of maghemite nanoparticle by forming a Fe-O-Si covalent bond is evidenced by different characterization methods. Grafted and isolated maghemite particles of 20 nm are obtained. It is obvious that one-step procedures give the same mPEG grafting amount (15% (w/w)) by using less reaction time. In particular, the one-step microwave procedure allows a time saving of 82% than the two-steps procedure. Moreover, Raman and FTIR spectroscopies reveal that microwave treatment tends to result in better crystallized particles. The experimental conditions developed are then reproduced to study a biodegradable nanohybrid by grafting a new biodegradable copolymer: polyethylene glycol methyl ether-co-poly(ethyl glyoxylate) (mPEG-co-PGEt) on the maghemite nanoparticle. A grafting amount of about 5% (w/w) is obtained after one hour reaction. This is the first investigation on the synthesis and the utilization of functionalized mPEG-co-PGEt as a new material. The new approach developed during this thesis allows to simplify the classical procedures and improve the product quality. It is applicable to other types of core-corona structured nanohybrids
Casterou, Gérald. "Conception de nouveaux agents de contraste à base d'assemblage de nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer pour l'imagerie par résonance magnétique." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S055/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in the medical field for soft tissue imaging. In order to obtain images of better quality, hospitals equip themselves with MRI of higher fields. Iron-based nanoparticle contrast agents are very promising for imaging at high field. Indeed, unlike the gadolinium contrast agents, they do not lose their effeciency at high field. Several parameters must be taken into account to achieve more effective contrast agents in MRI: first, the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. They must have significant magnetization. Then, aggregated nanoparticles are more effective than individual nanoparticles. Finally, the presence of a more or less hydrophylic layer and its thickness will influence the effeciencys of the contrast agent.This thesis presents the design of new contrast agents based on iron oxide nanoparticles assembly, since the optimization of the synthesis to obtain nanoparticles with the most interesting magnetic properties for MRI up assembly of nanoparticles to improve their effectiveness in MRI.The first part of this work is devoted to the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles. An organometallic approach was chosen because it allows to obtain nanoparticles of controlled size. We show in this part of the synthesis conditions have a great influence on the crystal structure of the synthesized nanoparticles and their magnetic properties.The second part of this work is dedicated to the production of controlled size aggregates of nanoparticles. The aggregation of nanoparticles is performed by solvophobic effect by adding water to a solution of hydrophobic nanoparticles in THF. We show in this section that the kinetics of aggregation depends on the amount of water added. The aggregates are then stabilized by the addition of a polymer and show that the morphology and size of the aggregates after transfer into the water depend on the molecular weight and nature of the polymer used.The third part of this work is devoted to the evaluation of the efficiency of nanoparticle aggregates as a contrast agent. The aggregates tested have shown promise, and efficiencies higher than commercial contrast agents were obtained
Vichery, Charlotte. "Procédé de recuit protégé appliqué à des nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer : étude des relations structure / propriétés magnétiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00756567.
Повний текст джерелаMohamed, said Nasser. "Assemblage contrôlé des nanofleurs d'oxyde de fer et des nanoparticules d'or : ou comment associer Hyperthermie et Radiothérapie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD070.
Повний текст джерелаIn the fields of medical imaging and therapy, the use of nanoparticles is especially attractive and promising. It is possible to concentrate in the same particle several complementary functions such as detection, targeting but also therapy. This multifunctionality has many advantages and promotes the development of nanoparticles for targeted therapy and guided by medical imaging.It is in this context of intense activity focused on the development of nanoparticles for medical applications (imaging and/or therapy) that my thesis work was carried out which is in continuity with the work of Christophe Alric and Pierre Hugounenq. They developed multifunctional gold nanoparticles (Au@DTDTPA) and iron oxide nanoflowers (γ-Fe2O3), respectively.The gold nanoparticles (Au @ DTDTPA) exhibit a radiosensitizing effect and behave as a contrast agent for MRI (after labeling with Gd3 +, made possible by the chelating properties of the organic layer DTDTPA) or radiotracers after radiolabelling (DTDTPA forms stable complexes with 99mTc and 111In). The superparamagnetic nature of the iron oxide nanoflowers gives these objects the ability to enhance the negative contrast of the images and to induce heating under the action of an alternating magnetic field of high frequency.The main objective of my thesis was to assemble these two types of nanoparticles in order to create a nanometric object combining the complementary properties of gold nanoparticles and iron oxide nanoflowers. In a first step, the optimal conditions for grafting gold nanoparticles on the nanoflower were determined. We have shown that, after intravenous injection, these agents exhibit a suitable biodistribution, as revealed by MRI images (thanks to the magnetic properties of nanoflowers) and SPECT (thanks to the radiolabeling of the gold nanoparticle layer). Moreover, these objects have a radiosensitizing character which is better exploited than that of the gold nanoparticles in the golden nanoflowers. Associated with the heating power of nanoflower, the radiosensitizing potential of golden nanoflowers has led to a strong inhibition of tumor growth when the treatment of rats carrying melanoma combines magnetic hyperthermia and radiotherapy after injection of golden nanoflower.In conclusion, the work carried out during this thesis has highlighted the value of combining gold nanoparticles and iron oxide nanoflowers to treat solid tumors by imaging-guided therapy
Baratli, Yosra. "Etude de la toxicité des nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer (Fe3O4) chez le rat : analyses mitochondriales et du stress oxydant." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ023/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of our work is to characterize iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and study their acute toxicity in Wistar rats. Our results showed that acute oral administration of Fe3O4, results in a dose and time-dependent alteration of oxidative stress parameters as well as liver damage. Regarding the in vitro study on isolated mitochondria, our results showed that these nanoparticles do not adversely affect the various complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain or mitochondrial coupling in any of the organs studied (brain, heart, lung, liverand kidneys) and regardless of the concentration used (100, 200, 300 and 500 μg/ml) while the isolated liver mitochondria from aged rats (18 months), an alteration is observed at all the complexes of the liver mitochondrial respiratory chain as well as the mitochondrial coupling regardless of the concentration used (250, 300 and 350 μg/ml), whereas for the young rats (3 months) no change is observed
Chemin, Nicolas. "Propriétés mécaniques de films hybrides nanocomposites : étude du rôle des interfaces sur le système PHEMA-Silice-Nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066584.
Повний текст джерелаGharbi, Kais. "Elaboration de nanoparticules d'or et de fer pour des applications biomédicales." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30282.
Повний текст джерелаNanoparticles, tools of innovation in the biomedical field, promise significant advantages, notably in terms of diagnostic and therapy. Gold nanoparticles of anisotropic shape, nanorods, nanoprisms, etc. exhibit light absorption in the near-infrared region, which is accompanied by a local increase in temperature. This local warm-up is used in therapies, such as photo-assisted hyperthermia. In the case of iron nanoparticles, their magnetic properties are of interest for applications. They are mainly used in medical imaging, iron nanoparticles being good contrast agents for MRI. In this thesis, we have been interested in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles of anisotropic shapes free of cationic surfactants as structuring agent, because of their toxicity. As alternative the polyol method has been used. Depending on the synthesis conditions, platelets or cubes with an unprecedented size (ca. 21-50 nm) for this king of synthetic method have been obtained. On the other hand, zero-valent iron nanoparticles of ca. 13 nm have been developed using an organometallic approach in order to obtain nanoparticles with a high magnetization, necessary for the envisaged applications. We have succeeded in transferring iron nanoparticles into water, while conserving a zero-valent iron core of ca.10 nm and therefore a strong magnetization, thanks to ligands bearing a phosphonic acid head group in order to anchor them to the surface of the nanoparticles. Preliminary measurements of their transversal relaxivity have been carried out, opening up promising prospects as contrast agent for MRI
Volatron, Jeanne. "Cycle de vie de nanoparticules dans l'organisme : biotransformations et biodégradaton." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC102/document.
Повний текст джерелаWith the advent of nanotechnology, the exposure of humans to nanomaterials increased, representing a risk of a new kind. Although the potential toxicity of such nanomaterials is extensively studied, their long term fate, biotransformation and degradation in the organism are still poorly understood. It was demonstrated earlier in the laboratory, that after intravenous injection, iron oxide nanoparticles undergo local intracellular degradation within lysosomes. In this context, we are interested in the fate of by products from iron oxide nanoparticles. Part of my thesis has focused on a possible pathway for metabolizing these degradation products through a protein involved in iron metabolism, the ferritin. We first studied, in solution, the degradation processes of iron oxide nanoparticles in the presence of these proteins as well as the iron transfer processes from nanoparticles to ferritin. The difficulty is the high concentration of endogenous iron which makes impossible to demonstrate these in vivo transfers. Thus, we have developed a strategy, using doped iron oxide nanoparticles with a scarce element in the organism, to track these phenomena in vivo. This work highlighted a possible mechanism of biological recycling, remediation and detoxification of nanoparticles mediated by endogenous proteins at the molecular scale. A second part of my work was devoted to develop a multi-scale method to study the life cycle of metal oxide nanoparticles and their by products in organism. The main challenge is to differentiate iron stemming from the nanoparticles from the endogenous iron. This specific tracking problem is routinely encountered in geochemical studies and solved by labelling the target material with minor stable isotopes. Therefore, iron oxide nanoparticles enriched in the minor stable isotope 57Fe were synthetized and injected intravenously in mice to follow dynamic circulations of iron oxide nanoparticles and their byproducts. We have also labelled the coating to track the nanoparticles integrity in mice over a period of six month
Reymond, Solveig. "Nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer pour l'amélioration du traitement du glioblastome : étude de leur efficacité sous irradiation synchrotron et optimisation de leur mode d'administration." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS047.
Повний текст джерелаA novel approach for the treatment of tumors consists in using the interaction between X-rays and a drug which has been beforehand internalized into the tumor. This cancer therapy is based on the photo-activation of high atomic number elements, leading to a local dose enhancement delivered to the tumor cells by radiations. This dose enhancement is arising from secondary and Auger electrons created after photoelectric interactions. One of the most limiting parameters for the success of this new therapeutic strategy is the amount and distribution of the radiosensitizer within the tumor versus normal tissue. To overcome this limitation, nanoparticles (NPs) are currently under investigation. The limitation factor is then to address sufficient quantities of the NPs to the tumor. The aim of this project is to improve the radiosensitizer distribution using specific features of macrophages. Indeed, macrophages can very efficiently internalize NPs. In addition, they have been shown to home in on malignant tissues after irradiation (up to ~ 50% of the cells observed in brain tumors are monocytes/macrophages). Thus we will use NPs loaded macrophages as vectors to deliver high amounts of NPs to the tumor. The macrophages will be driven to the tumor bed using microbeam irradiations. The local accumulation of iron-loaded macrophages will increase radiation dose within the tumor upon irradiation with low energy radiations. We expect that this biologically mediated method delivery will overcome the problems of specificity and inhomogeneous distribution of the NPs in the tumor, leading to a significant improvement in the therapeutic efficacy of this innovative treatment
Lakhal, Rihab. "Nouveau procédé d'élaboration de micro et nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer en voie sèche : Caractérisation, étude du procédé et proposition d'un mécanisme rationnel." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/15651/1/Lakhal.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCharmot, Alexandre. "Nouvelles stratégies d'insertion de particules d'oxyde de fer dans des mésostructures organisées, caractérisation et activité catalytique." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169531.
Повний текст джерелаDupas, Benoît. "Detection des metastases hepatiques et caracterisation de la necrose cellulaire aigue en irm : action des agents de contraste ; nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer, dysprosium et gadolinium." Angers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ANGE0505.
Повний текст джерелаVecco-Garda, Clément. "Vers une chimie de surface de nanoparticules d'oxyde de fer magnétiques plus adaptée pour de meilleures performances en diagnostic et thérapie par hyperthermie magnéto-induite." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0308.
Повний текст джерелаThis work focuses on the development of methods for the chemical modification of the surface of injectable nanoparticles (NPs) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Hybrid NPs,consisting of an inorganic core and a macromolecular polyethylene glycol (PEG) corona with well established physico-chemical surface characteristics (grafting densities, surface charge, corona thickness) have been synthesized as part of a study of their pharmacokinetic (PK) performance. The results showed in particular that it was possible to modulate the circulation times as well as the tumor accumulation levels of these NPs according to their surface physico-chemical properties. The addition of surface biomolecules was studied to observe the role of active targeting on pharmacokinetics and tumor accumulation. This method of covalent chemical modification was subsequently applied to magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in order to develop new negative (T2) and positive (T1) contrast agents in MRI. The surface chemistry of iron oxide NPs was studied to improve their thermogenicityand efficiency in magnetic hyperthermia. The direct effect of the temperature dissipated under magnetic induction of NPs could be studied in vivo (thermo-ablation or thermo-stimulation of the microenvironment) while avoiding the toxic effects due to the presence of NPs. The development of a biocompatible oily ferrofluid based on iron oxide NPs modified by chemisorption of phospholipids on their surface allowed to increase tenfold their thermogenic power. The efficiency of these oils under an alternating magnetic field was evaluated in vivo in the context of their application
Lewin, Maïté. "Imagerie de l'angiogenèse tumorale." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077214.
Повний текст джерелаPlan, Anouchka. "Nanoparticules en environnement cellulaire : Impact de la nano-architecture sur l'internalisation, la biodégradation et les fonctionnalités thérapeutiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC033.
Повний текст джерелаInorganic nanoparticles represent innovative solution to face current limitations in early diagnostic or targeted therapies.First part focuses on the interactions between magnetic nanoparticles and stem cells to understand better the parameters which impact internalization and biodegradation. We evidenced an impact from the nanoparticle’s coating, the presence of proteins and the aggregation. Nanoparticles’ impact on cellular differentiation shown a process of re-magnetization of the iron products of degradation for some differentiation ways.In the second part, we studied anti-cancerous hyperthermal therapies and more precisely the impact of the intracellular confinement. We shown that the cellular environment can completely inhibit the heating delivered by magnetic hyperthermia but at the contrary can also be beneficial for applying photothermia at biocompatible wavelengths. Finally, the combination of photothermia with a drug leaded to an increase of the efficiency of both therapies separated with reduces secondary effects
Laanaiya, Majdouline. "Amélioration des propriétés du ciment par insertion des nanoparticules nano-Fe2O3." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I007.
Повний текст джерелаNano-engineering of cement through adding nanosized particles such as nanofibers, nanotubes and nanoparticles offers a great potential for developing new generations of cement based materials with ultra-high performance, superior strength and novel functionalities for smart and durable structural materials. The hybridization of hydrated cement phases by incorporating nano-structured materials in a bottom-up approach allows the manipulation of structural features of cement at the nano-scale that ultimately affect the performance and durability properties at the macro-scale. In particular, the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been shown to provide cement based materials with intrinsic self-sensing properties. The thesis presents an atomic scale study of nano-modified Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H), the primary binding material in cement based materials, by embedding Fe2O3 nanoparticles. In order to get more insights into the Portland cement main phases (alite and belite) that react with water to form C-S-H, ab initio calculations were performed to investigate the structural, mechanical and electronic properties along with the reactive sites of alite and belite. After examining the C-S-H structure at the atomic scale using molecular dynamics methods, Fe2O3 nanoparticles were inserted and the resulting hybrid material was studied. Different insertion modes of nanoparticles inside the C-S-H matrix were considered in order to elucidate how nanoparticles distribution affects the mechanical response of the hybrid composite Fe2O3/C-S-H. The structure with “well-dispersed” nanoparticles exhibits enhanced mechanical performance in both elastic and plastic regimes. Mechanical properties were enhanced with at least 24% increase compared to pure C-S-H. In addition, the “group effect” of inserted nanoparticles gives rise to a remarkable ductility and great resistance to the crack propagation in response to tensile loading. The necking phenomenon and structural hardening were both observed in response to tensile loading, indicating a ductile failure mode of Fe2O3-reinforced C-S-H. Ultimately, this work reveals the striking potential of Fe2O3 nanoparticles for developing high performance cement based materials with superior mechanical properties and self-sensing abilities
Ait, Kerroum Mohamed Alae. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation de nano-ferrites pour le traitement par hyperthermie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are a class of nanomaterials with a high interest in the nanomedicine field. Their magnetic properties and biocompatibility recommend them as potential candidates for diagnostics purposes (MRI, optical or nuclear Imaging ...) and therapy (hyperthermia, nanovectorization...). The aim of this thesis was to study the influence of the synthesis parameters on the final properties of magnetic zinc doped iron oxide nanoparticles. Two synthesis methods were considered, the co-precipitation and the thermal decomposition. The characterization of the obtained nanoparticles by complementary techniques allowed us to propose a consistent relationship between the size, shape and chemical composition on the one hand, and the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles on the other hand. The functionalization of NPs, that is a crucial step for ensuring their biocompatibility and use in magnetic hyperthermia, was also realised and the hyperthermia properties were measured on some typical nanoparticles
Richardson, Yohan. "Nouvelles stratégies catalytiques pour la gazéification de la biomasse : génération in-situ de nanoparticules à base de nickel ou de fer au cours de l'étape de pyrolyse." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20098.
Повний текст джерелаThis exploratory research work aimed at studying an original catalytic strategy for biomass gasification which consists in inserting into the lignocellulosic matrix of wood, by impregnation, a salt of Ni or Fe whose catalytically active phases for tar conversion reactions are generated in-situ during the pyrolysis stage. The characterization of the metal impregnated wood samples reveals that electrostatic adsorption, ion-exchange and metal complexation within hemicelluloses, lignin and cellulose microfibrills are involved in the mechanisms of metal cations insertion, resulting in a very high metal dispersion into the lignocellulosic matrix. The study of the nickel species evolution during wood pyrolysis demonstrates the formation of quasi-monocristalline Ni0 nanoparticles (NPs) in the temperature range 400-500°C, the carbon atoms acting as the reducing agent. In the same temperature range, the Fe species are transformed into amorphous FeOx NPs. The pyrolysis tests performed at 700°C reveal that the nickel catalyst is more efficient for enhancing H2 production and reducing the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas the iron catalyst exhibits better performances for reducing total tar production. From a mechanistic standpoint, it is suggested that the presence of highly dispersed metal species into the lignocellulosic matrix strongly impacts the mechanisms of primary pyrolysis. Moreover, the secondary pyrolysis reactions are strongly modified by the in-situ generation of Ni0 and FeOx NPs considered as the active phases for tar conversion and water gas shift reactions. Potential interests of the new nanocomposite materials Ni0/C and FeOx/C as obtained are discussed
Liu, Xiao Jie. "Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and carbon based nanohybrid materials for biomedical and energy application." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF055/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis was focused on the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide and cobalt oxide and core-shell nanoparticles, consisting of a cobalt oxide coated iron oxide and on the development of composite nanomaterials - nanostructures carbon /metal oxide nanoparticles - for applications in the biomedical field and the energy. For the synthesis of NPs, the shape and size of NPs are dependent of the reaction conditions, which further affect their magnetic properties. Meanwhile, simulation showed that stearate chains can desorb more easily from iron atoms and release to form seeds than from cobalt atoms, which might explain distinctive behavior between the bath complexes. Regarding nanostructures carbon/metal oxide nanoparticles hybrid materials, the properties of the filled magnetic CNTs as heat mediator for photothermal ablation and as contrast agent for MRI were then evaluated and promising results have been obtained. Last, new composite materials (Nb205 nanoparticles/graphene or NTCs) were synthesized and promising results were obtaines in lithium battery tests : their use as anode allowed obtaining reversible capacities of 260 mAh/g
Nguyen, Thi Quyen. "Développement de photoélectrodes hybrides via l'assemblage d'un photosensibilisateur à base de ruthénium et d'un nanocatalyseur métal-oxyde métallique pour la génération d'O2 solaire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30046.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, different nanostructured catalytic systems have been synthesized by an organometallic approach to produce nanoparticles (NPs) of small size and narrow size distribution, and their catalytic activity in the water oxidation reaction has been evaluated. First Fe NPs stabilized by oleic acid were synthesized that displayed an average size of ca. 10 nm ± 1.1 nm. A gamma-Fe_2O_3 oxide layer ca. 2.6 nm thick has been formed at their surface to obtain Fe@FeOx core-shell structure of ca. 11.5 ± 2.3 nm in diameter. Despite their hydrophobicity, these nanoparticles showed good electrocatalytic activity in alkaline conditions. As the gamma-Fe_2O_3 oxide shell is well adapted to the grafting of phosphonic groups, these Fe@FeOx NPs were grafted with different aminophosphonic acids in order to transfer them into water. Preliminary assessment of their catalytic activity showed improved activity for the NPs functionalized by 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid which opens promising prospects. Subsequently, a Ru-phenanthroline light-harvester with a pendant phosphonate group was synthesized and grafted onto the Fe@FeOx core/shell NPs to afford a novel hybrid photoanode for solar-driven water splitting. Mono- and biphasic processes were investigated to graft the Ru-complex at the surface of the NPs. The monophasic process was found to be more efficient as it provided a higher grafting density at the surface of the NPs (respectively 56 and 9 Ru per nanoparticles for the mono and biphasic processes). Photoelectrochemical measurements showed that the hybrid nanocatalyst comprising the highest Ru content was ca. 9-fold more catalytically active than a simple mixture between a ruthenium polypyridyl photosensitizer bearing no grafting group and the Fe@FeOx nanoparticles, and 40-fold more active than the pristine Fe@FeOx NPs. The performance enhancement could be attributed to a more efficient electron transfer between the ruthenium polypyridyl photosensitizer and the Fe@FeOx water oxidation catalyst thanks to the covalent bonding between these two components. The covalent grafting was found to improve not only the photocatalytic activity but also the stability of the system. Finally, amorphous NiFe NPs (diameter ca. 4 nm) with two different ratios between Ni and Fe (Ni_0.5Fe_0.5 NPs and Ni_0.68Fe_0.32 NPs) were synthesized, oxidized in air and grafted with 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid in order to obtain hydrophilic systems. The electrocatalytic activity of these water-soluble NPs was studied in alkaline solution, in comparison with that of crude NiOx NPs, FeOx NPs, and Ni_0.1Fe_0.9Ox NPs. The water soluble NPs containing 32 % of Fe (Ni_0.68Fe_0.32Ox) showed the highest activity and a good durability in alkaline solution. These characteristics make these amorphous NPs potentially applicable in photoelectrochemical cells for water splitting
Mazuel, François. "Agrégats multicellulaires magnétiques : mécanique des tissus et biodégradation des nanomatériaux." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC309/document.
Повний текст джерелаIron oxide nanoparticles are promising candidates for applications in nanomedecine (contrast agents, vectors). They were also recently considered as a powerful tool for tissue engineering. Cells, magnetized through nanoparticules internalization, can be organized in space and time thanks to remote magnetic forces. For all those applications the nanoparticles fate inside the cells remains a key issue concerning the final clinical use. The first part of this work focuses on the study of the mechanical and rheological properties of biological tissue models, the multicellular aggregates. An original magnetic molding method and two different experimental setups were developed to produce aggregates with controlled shapes and sizes, to measure their surface tension and to evidence their power law and non linear behavior.In the second part, we investigate the medium term fate of iron oxide nanoparticles in stem cells forming a spheroid as a model tissue. We reveal a massive endosomal degradation. The set of methods and spheroid model we propose allow a comprehensive and quantitative follow up of the biodegradation of any nanomaterials. This was illustrated by investigating the degradation of nanomaterials with more complex nano-architectures (nanocubes, nanodimers) and assessing the efficiency of a protection strategy to modulate the biodegradation
Iconaru, Simona-Liliana. "Nanoparticule de oxiu de fier și hidroxiapatita : reactivitate și influența asupra mediului înconjurător." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2031/document.
Повний текст джерелаHe economic development and industrialization from recent years have created many areas of hazardous waste that contributed to the contamination of groundwater worldwide. The researchers turned their attention to finding cost-effective methods for decontamination, taking into account that the main pollutants (heavy metals) are not biodegradable and they tend to accumulate in living organisms, determining disorders of different vital functions and serious illness. Because of these drawbacks the development of technologies for environmental restoration effectively both ecologically and biologically are of a great interest. As part of this thesis, we proposed to obtain materials with high efficiency for the decontamination of continental and oceanic waters. The structure of this work consists of four chapters and provides general and specific properties of nanoscale materials. The first chapter presents the general concepts of ceramic materials and iron oxide based materials used in environmental applications. The second chapter provides general methods for the preparation of ceramic materials and iron oxides and the adapted laboratory methods used for obtaining these materials at the nanoscale in order to improve their adsorption properties of different pollutants. This chapter also presents the techniques used for the characterization of the obtained materials. The next two chapters are devoted to the presentation of original experimental results obtained from the physico-chemical characterization, kinetics and biological investigations of the ceramics and iron oxide based materials used in the remediation of contaminated waters
Bordeianu, Catalina. "Engineering dendritic architectures to face nanomedicine issues : biodistribution, toxicity, pharmacokinetics or active targeting." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAE014.
Повний текст джерелаCancer is a worldwide leading cause of death, 7.6 million deaths in 2008 with 13% mortality. Although much progress has been made in early cancer diagnosis and treatment, new approaches are needed to minimize the deleterious side effects while increasing survival rate. Therefore, the future of Nanomedicine relies in the development of multifunctional nano-platforms that combine therapeutic components, multimodal imaging and active targeting. Organic/inorganic dendrimer-based hybrids are very advanced tools, especially for targeting a specific cell type or a particular organ and for being followed by imaging techniques at the same time.In this context, the objective of this thesis is not only the design of multifunctional magnetic dendronized nano-objects, but also their in vitro and in vivo validation and assessment of their active targeting effectiveness
El, Hajj Diab Darine. "Nano-thérapie ciblée des tumeurs endocrines par hyperthermie magnétique intra-lysosomale." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30038/document.
Повний текст джерелаEndocrine tumors are usually diagnosed through the use of an imaging technique using a radiolabeled peptide (somatostatin or Osteoscan) whose receptor is present in 80% of tumors. The CCK2R which belongs to the seven transmembrane domains receptor family is also overexpressed with a high incidence in endocrine tumors. In addition, our team has shown that gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), both natural agonists of the CCK2R, induce a massive CCK2R internalization; then the receptor is directed with the ligand to lysosomes to be degraded. Our team hypothesized that CCK2R overexpression in endocrine tumors compared to healthy tissue and its ability to internalize could advantageously be used to develop a new diagnostic and therapeutic approach. My thesis project had several objectives: 1) To optimize a magnetic nano-platform for an effective targeting of tumor cells overexpressing the CCK2R; 2) To validate the targeted nanotherapy strategy by magnetic hyperthermia to specifically eradicate tumor cells overexpressing the CCK2R, and study the mechanisms involved in cell death; 3) To develop strategies in order to increase the anti-tumor therapeutic efficiency. Firstly, I have developed a nano-platform composed of a SPION (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) type magnetic nanoparticle (MNP). I developed different batches of MNP with different ligand densities at their surface and analyzed their binding capacity, internalization and lysosomal accumulation. Targeted nanoparticles uptake is receptor dependent, reaching a rate of 2.2 pg iron/cell, after 24 hours of incubation. Thus, I validated the strategy of targeted nanotherapy by magnetic hyperthermia. For this, I applied a high frequency alternating magnetic field (275 kHz, 40 mT) on cells with or without internalized MNPs. The application of the magnetic field induces the death of 30% of tumoral cells having internalized MNPs, without any perceptible temperature rise in the incubation medium, suggesting that the magnetic hyperthermia would probably be induces very locally at the scale of the nanoparticules or the lysosome. We called this phenomenon intra-lysosomal magnetic hyperthermia. Then, I studied the cellular mechanisms involved in the induction of cell death by intra-lysosomal magnetic hyperthermia. My results showed that the application of a magnetic field increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to lysosomal membrane permeabilization and to the leakage of lysosomal enzymes in the cytosol of cells having internalized MNPs, indicating that ROS production and lysosomal cysteine proteases are involved in the mechanisms of cell death. Finally, in order to increase the therapeutic efficacy, I combined this intra-lysosomal magnetic hyperthermia treatment to a chemotherapeutic treatment, the doxorubicin. The results showed an additive effect of hyperthermia and chemotherapy treatments. This combining therapeutic strategy presents the advantage of using low doses of chemotherapeutic agent, in order to decrease the side effects towards healthy cells
Cotin, Geoffrey. "New strategies towards the synthesis of innovative multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles combining MRI imaging and/or magnetic hyperthermia therapy." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE040/document.
Повний текст джерелаDespite numerous advances in cancer treatment, new approaches are necessary in order to minimize the deleterious side effects and to increase patient’s survivals rate. Nowadays, many hopes rely on functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) that combine, in a single nano-objects, diagnosis (MRI contrast agent) and magnetic hyperthermia therapy (i.e. “theranostic”). In this context, the strategy is to develop the synthesis of optimized magnetic properties NPs through the control of their size, shape, composition, biofunctionalization and the validation of their theranostic properties. A process of NPs engineering has been developed starting at the iron precursor synthesis and the fine study of its decomposition passing through the in situ formation of the NPs to their functionalization and the determination of their theranostic properties
Darcheville, Marie. "Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles and development of magnetic coatings by fluid processing." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASP005.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the study is to develop novel materials with well-controlled magnetic properties for electromagnetic applications like RFID antennas, wireless power transmission, radar absorption… The principle is based on the development of an organized framework in patterns or magnetic domains, defined by their geometry (pattern size, thickness, spacing). The permeability response of such materials is linked to the contributions of created domains and walls, giving rise to a “multi-band” material with separate and distinct peaks on its permeability spectrum. The development of such material is studied through fluid processing from iron oxide nanoparticles. A Zn₀.₄Fe₂.₆O₄ material composition is selected in order to provide a high saturation magnetization and a low dielectric permittivity to ensure the penetration of the electromagnetic wave in the coating.The nanoparticles are synthesized by microwave-assisted thermal decomposition. Two ranges of sizes are chosen: superparamagnetic particles (diameter below 20 nm) and ferrimagnetic ones. Two processing methods from stable particle dispersions are discussed: airbrushing followed by a laser etching, and inkjet printing. Several physico-chemical characterizations, at local and global scales, have been performed. An annealing is required to densify the material, but does not provide a suitable density for the desired application. An in-depth study of the static and dynamic magnetic properties of nanoparticles and coatings is done, and correlated to their microstructure through modeling from the molecular field theory. Many guidelines are suggested for the development of a multiband magnetic material
Nguyen, Thi Thanh Thuy. "Poly(oxyde d'éthylène)s fonctionnels à extrémité acide phosphonique et à fonctionnalité réversible pour la stabilisation de nanoparticules magnétiques." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844750.
Повний текст джерелаRodrigues, Guimarães Thiago. "Synthesis of magnetic polymer latex particles by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in aqueous dispersed media." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1107/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was exploited to synthesize magnetic latex particles decorated with stimuli-responsive polymer brushes. First, five hydrophilic (co)polymers with various compositions were successfully prepared by RAFT solution (co)polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) for different AA to DMAEMA molar ratios. The obtained macromolecular RAFT agents (macroRAFTs), PAA or PDMAEMA homopolymers and P(AA-co-DMAEMA) copolymers, displayed interesting pH- and thermo-responsive properties. These hydrophilic macroRAFTs were then chain extended with styrene leading to the formation of well-defined amphiphilic block copolymers. An aqueous dispersion of iron oxide clusters was next prepared using a strategy based on emulsification/solvent evaporation in which the block copolymers were used as stabilizers. By varying the experimental conditions (sonication power, macroRAFT concentration and pH of the medium), the cluster size could be controlled from 45 up to 300 nm. These clusters were then used as seeds in styrene emulsion polymerization in the presence of a crosslinker. The iron oxide clusters were individually encapsulated into a polymer shell generating latex particles, stabilized by the hydrophilic segment of the block copolymers, and displaying interesting magnetic properties. At last, these magnetic beads were evaluated as carriers in the magnetic separation of bacteria. The magnetic latex particles decorated with P(AA-co-DMAEMA) copolymers were successfully employed for the capture and trigger release of bacteria, allowing their concentration in a biological sample
Bhattacharyya, Koyel. "The functionalization of white phosphorus towards metal phosphide nanoparticles and organophosphines." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30008/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript presents an original synthesis of nickel(0) nanoparticles. The use of a nickel(II) dioleylamide precursor results in a versatile, robust, water-free method for the production of size-tunable particles between 4 - 11 nm in diameter. This method was extended to form small iron(0) and cobalt(0) nanoparticles. These particles were examined for catalytic activity, including the hydrosilylation of a terminal alkene, the selective hydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene, and the substoichiometric reduction of nitrogen to tris(trimethylsilyl)amine. White phosphorus (P4) was stoichiometrically reacted with the metal(0) nanoparticles to form the corresponding metal phosphide nanoparticles. White phosphorus was alternatively functionalized using superhydride (LiBEt3H) to form a borane-stabilized phosphanide species, LiPH2(BEt3)2. This species was used to synthesize various phosphines, including phosphine, tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine, and triaroylphosphines. The labile triethylborane adducts were replaced by BH3, resulting in the formation of LiPH2(BH3)2, which may have applications in the formation of P-B polymers
Dubreil, Chloé. "Nanoparticules tolérogènes pour l’administration d’un auto-antigène des cellules bêta dans le diabète auto-immun Tolerogenic iron oxide nanoparticles in type 1 diabetes: biodistribution and pharmacokinetics studies in nonobese diabetic mice Tolerogenic nanoparticles boost regulatory B cells to reverse autoimmune diabetes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB141.
Повний текст джерелаChronic autoimmune diseases are the consequence of self-antigens recognition as foreign by the adaptive immune system, resulting in inflammation and potential destruction of targeted tissues and organs. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic autoimmune diseases. It is characterized by insulin deficiency due to selective destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells. At clinical onset, more than 70% of beta-cell mass can be destroyed. Consequently, early diagnosis is a major objective in order to avoid, limit or reverse autoimmune aggression, and to create opportunities for strategies enhancing beta-cell survival or regeneration. Antigen (Ag)-specific approaches are appealing because their effects are expected to be limited to cells expressing the chosen antigen, ideally the target organ. However, while treatment with beta -cell Ags can prevent disease in the model of the Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mouse, clinical trials in humans have produced disappointing results. Consequently, combinatorial approaches may be required for reversal and prevention of T1D. A potential strategy is to associate self-antigens with signals inducing a tolerogenic phenotype. Co-delivery ensures that both compounds get delivered at the same time and presented in the same cellular environment to auto-reactive immune cells. The first part of this work consisted in undertaking a thorough physicochemical characterization of a new drug vector, aiming to establish quantitative methods to optimize drug loading while maintaining biocompatibility and stability of the delivery vehicle. In this work, 9nm Ultra-small superparamagnetic iron-oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles were surface functionalized with phosphonate polyethylene glycol molecules (USPIO-PEG). Carboxylic acid functions were used to covalently bind a T1D autoantigen. PEG brush allows for the co-packaging of hydrophobic tolerogenic drug molecules, trapped between PEG chains through hydrophobic interactions. We carefully characterized protein and tolerogenic drug loading, and studied cell labeling, toxicity, integrity of loaded protein and tolerogenic drug, and activity of our nanoplatform on murine Bone Marrow Derived Dendritic Cells (BMDCs). We undertook biodistribution and pharmacokinetics studies using the NOD model that shares numerous features with human T1D. Biokinetic studies were performed both qualitatively using MRI 7T and histological Perls staining analyses and quantitatively using magnetometry for NP quantification. USPIO accumulate preferentially in NOD mice pancreas via Enhanced Permeability retention (EPR) effect thus, allowing us to distinguish pre-diabetic mice from non-diabetic controls. This result suggests that vascular leakage could be exploited for NP bioaccumulation, for therapeutic agent delivery and for imaging using MRI agents to monitor treatment. The second part of the work consisted in evaluating the therapeutic effect of such tolerogenic nanoparticles (NPS) on NOD diabetic mice. Diabetic mice were injected intravenously at diabetes onset. USPIO-PEG and vehicle treated mice reached 600mg/dL blood glucose level, considered limit for sacrificing mice, within a couple of days. NPs carrying either the tolerogenic drug or the autoantigen delayed diabetes progression up to 40 days. Complete NPs showed synergistic effects. In fact, 50% of treated mice were still alive 65 days after disease onset, and two mice reverted to stable normoglycemia for more than 300 days. To identify the underlying mechanism, the immune response to NPs in lymphoid organs was investigated. It was found that tolerogenic NPs induce splenomegaly mainly due to B cell proliferation. NP-stimulated B cells secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines namely IL-10 and TGF-beta. Similar B cells could be produced in vitro upon incubation of with NPs. Our strategy has promising therapeutic potential and could be applied, using relevant antigens, to a wider range of autoimmune diseases
Iranzo, Audrey. "Electrosynthèse assistée par ultrasons de nanoparticules de fer à valence zéro : étude de la croissance de dépôts et de leur dispersion par ondes acoustiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30317/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study concerns the coupling of the ultrasounds with the electrodeposition process for the synthesis of zero-valent iron nanoparticles; it is structured in two sections. The first focuses on the electrode substrate used for the iron electrodeposition and aims to determine its influence on both the deposit growth and its dispersion by ultrasonication. The interfacial and the adhesion energies of the deposit on the substrate (Y_(Fe/substrate) and W_(Fe/substrate) respectively) being related to the surface energy and the roughness of the substrate, a particular focus is put on the influence of these two properties. Thus, two materials of different surface energies, gold (Au) and vitreous carbon (VC), as well as various roughnesses, are tested. Considering only the Van der Waals interactions, a theoretical development has enabled to determine that Y_(Fe/VC)>Y_(Fe/Au) which suggests a better affinity of the iron deposit with the gold than with the VC substrate. This difference impacts the deposit morphology (2D growth on the gold and 3D growth on the VC substrate) but also the deposit adhesion. Indeed, experiments performed to study the effect of ultrasounds on the iron electrodeposit reveal its progressive and complete dispersion for the vitreous carbon case while no dispersion (no removal of the deposit from the electrode) is obtained with the gold substrate. The second section of the present study deals with the synthesis of iron nanoparticles; to this end, the electrodeposition of branched deposits has been investigated in a Hele-Shaw cell integrating a vibrating element (piezoelectric diaphragm), expected to allow both the deposit formation and its fragmentation. Experiments reveal that the hydrogen bubbles, formed by the co-reduction of free protons during the iron electrodeposition, strongly influence the fragmentation process. Using high vibration frequencies and high amplitudes, the bubbles oscillate with surface deformations, inducing interface velocity sufficiently high (˜ 4 m/s) to allow the fragmentation of the deposit into particles of sizes ranging between 1 µm and 100 nm and showing a high specific surface due to their dendritic morphology. Thus this work opens the way for a new particles manufacturing technology
Ménard, Mathilde. "Synthèse de nanoparticules hybrides de type coeur-coquille à visées théranostiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE050/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this PhD work was to synthesize and test new nano-objects for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. For this purpose, we developed hybrid nanoparticles made of an inorganic core surrounded by a human serum albumin (HSA) organic coating. The inorganic core is a composite by itself as it is made of an iron oxide core (IO) surrounded by a mesoporous silica (MS) shell. The IO core ensures, through its magnetic properties, diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and therapy by magnetic hyperthermia, whereas the MS shell allows the loading of anticancer drugs for chemotherapy within its porosities. The pore sizes of the silica shell were modulated to enhance the drug loading content and the IO core size was also tuned to improve magnetic hyperthermia as well as T2 MRI imaging properties of the final core-shell system. The use of a thick shell of HSA as gatekeeper for controlled drug delivery triggered by its degradation with proteases was also studied. In parallel the synthesis of drug loaded HSA nanocapsules using MS as sacrificial template was performed. Finally, the biological activities of these nanoparticles were tested on various cancer cell lines
Zheng, Ce. "Synthèse de nano-amas d'oxyde métallique par implantation ionique dans un alliage Fe10Cr de haute pureté." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS091/document.
Повний текст джерелаODS (Oxide Dispersed Strengthened) steels, which are reinforced with metal dispersions of nano-oxides (based on Y, Ti and O elements), are promising materials for future nuclear reactors. The detailed understanding of the mechanisms involved in the precipitation of these nano-oxides would improve manufacturing and mechanical properties of these ODS steels, with a strong economic impact for their industrialization. To experimentally study these mechanisms, an analytical approach by ion implantation is used, to control various parameters of synthesis of these precipitates as the temperature and concentration. This study demonstrated the feasibility of this method and concerned the behaviour of alloys models (based on aluminium oxide) under thermal annealing. High purity Fe-10Cr alloys were implanted with Al and O ions at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the nano-oxides appear in the Fe-10Cr matrix upon ion implantation at room temperature without subsequent annealing. The mobility of implanted elements is caused by the defects created during ion implantation, allowing the nucleation of these nanoparticles, of a few nm in diameter. These nanoparticles are composed of aluminium and oxygen, and also chromium. The high-resolution experiments show that their crystallographic structure is that of a non-equilibrium compound of aluminium oxide (cubic γ-Al₂O₃ type). The heat treatment performed after implantation induces the growth of the nano-sized oxides, and a phase change that tends to balance to the equilibrium structure (hexagonal α-Al₂O₃ type). These results on model alloys are fully applicable to industrial materials: indeed ion implantation reproduces the conditions of milling and heat treatments are at equivalent temperatures to those of thermo-mechanical treatments. A mechanism involving the precipitation of nano-oxide dispersed in ODS alloys is proposed in this manuscript based on the obtained experimental results, and the existing literature
Combettes, Ségolène. "Croissance et morphologie de nanoparticules coeur-coquille Fe@Au facettées : une étude expérimentale et théorique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30162.
Повний текст джерелаThe association of two metals in bimetallic nanoparticles (NP) allows the combination of the physical properties of the two metals or the enhancement of one of them. In addition, the chemical configuration adopted by bimetallic NPs plays an important role in the behavior of the two metals with respect to each other, and of the nanoparticles with respect to the external environment. Therefore, it is essential to be able to control the growth as well as the final morphology of these NPs. The work presented in this thesis concerns Fe@Au core-shell NPs. In this configuration, the gold shell protects the iron from oxidation preserving its strong magnetic properties. Moreover, gold has interesting optical properties and is a very good candidate for anchoring of biological molecules. Therefore, Fe@Au NPs have optical and magnetic properties, allow the anchoring of drugs to their surfaces and are thus interesting candidates for many applications. However, mastering their properties requires the control of their morphology and of their chemical order. This thesis work is therefore devoted to the study of the growth mechanisms and the final morphology of Fe@Au NPs. To achieve this, a combined experiment/simulation study was undertaken. First, Fe@Au NPs were synthesized in an ultrahigh-vacuum magnetron sputtering device and their growth mechanism was studied by varying several parameters during the synthesis. The structure and the morphology of the synthesized NPs were then studied using advanced transmission electron microscopy techniques. NPs adopting an original morphology, with a cubic iron core and truncated pyramids of gold on each side of the cube, we especially showed the influence of the quantity of deposited gold on the morphology of the iron core. Some properties, in particular catalytic, of the obtained NPs have also been explored. In parallel, we also carried out a theoretical study in order to model the deposition of gold on the iron core by Monte Carlo simulations. Several interatomic potentials needed to describe the interactions present in the Fe-Au system have been parameterized and tested. The results of the simulations show that the shape of the Fe@Au NPs changes with the amount of deposited gold on the iron core, in agreement with experimental observations. Finally, since silver has very similar properties to gold, the Fe-Ag system has also been studied by Monte Carlo simulations. The observed differences between the two systems can be attributed to the differences in Fe/Au and Fe/Ag interface energy
Belda, Marín Cristina. "Silk bionanocomposites : design, characterization and potential applications." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2570.
Повний текст джерелаSilk-based bionancompoistes have attracted a growing interest in numerous applications, particularly in the biomedical field, owing to their ability to combine the specific properties of silk fibroin (biodegradability, biocompatibility and interesting mechanical properties) and nanoparticles (NPs). This work aims to (i) develop a straightforward, yet efficient, methodology to design various silk bionanocomposite materials; (ii) provide an in-depth characterization regarding the silk/NPs interface and (iii) provide potential applications which are relevant for the use of these bionanocompoistes. To this end, gold (Au NPs), silver (Ag NPs) and iron oxide (IONPs) NPs are used as model nanomaterials due to their well-known properties. The successful design of silk bionancocomposite electrospun mats, hydrogels, cryogels, sponges and 3D printed structures is described. An in-depth characterization, including in situ (during hydrogel formation) and ex situ (once hydrogel is formed), of silk hydrogel bionanocomposites do not reveal any noticeable structural changes of silk hydrogels, while their biocompatibility is not impacted by the incorporation of NPs. Finally, a potential application for each bionanocomposite is presented. In a biomedical perspective, silk-Ag NPs hydrogels bionanocomposites show significant antibacterial activity. Silk-IONPs hydrogel bionanocomposites are implanted into rat’s brain allowing a good monitoring of the implant by magnetic resonance imaging and inducing a brain regeneration process up to 3 months. In depollution perspective, silk-Au NPs hydrogel bionanocomposites show remarkable ability to adsorb and catalyze the reduction of methylene blue dye by sodium borohydride
Piraquive, Agudelo Joao. "Ultrasmall iron oxide particle-enhanced MR imaging of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution stages of liver fibrosis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC233.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, we developed an MR imaging method to differentiate between pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages based on their differential nanoparticle endocytic capacity. The MR imaging method was validated in vitro in differentially polarized RAW macrophages with relaxometry and susceptibility mapping using ultrasmall iron oxide particles (USPIO) and gadolinium-liposomes. The differences in endocytic activity between pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages, detected with MR imaging, were confirmed with confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Afterwards, we performed USPIO enhanced MR imaging in vivo in a model of CCl4 liver fibrosis in mice. Using multi-echo gradient echo and ultrashort echo time sequences, we performed signal intensity, R1, R2 and R2* measurements before and after injection of USPIO in groups of mice with healthy liver, with hepatic fibrogenesis and fibrosis regression. We observed significantly higher USPIO uptake within liver macrophages during fibrogenesis than in healthy livers and in livers with fibrosis regression. The in vivo results were confirmed at histopathology with Perls staining and confocal microscopy of bimodal USPIO. In conclusion, we provide a noninvasive MR imaging method to assess the liver macrophage uptake of nanoparticles, which might be useful to monitor the dynamics of liver fibrosis and assess therapeutic response
Thomas, Guillaume. "Nanoparticules de magnétite fonctionnalisées pour l'imagerie bimodale IRM/TEP." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS029/document.
Повний текст джерелаFunctionalized magnetite nanoparticles for bimodal MRI/PET imagingSuperParamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely studied in the biomedical field due to their promising application as nanodrugs and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) contrast agents (T2). In this study, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles have been developed for use as contrast agents for MRI/PET (Positron emission tomography) double imaging. First, functionalized stable superparamagnetic SPIONs have been synthesized in a continuous hydrothermal reactor. During the synthesis, hydrophilic agents (citric acid, LDOPA, DHCA and PHA) have been grafted on the surface of the nanoparticles. The functionalization of the nanoparticles has been optimized by modifying various synthesis parameters such as the temperature and the addition sequence of the organic molecules. The morphology, the size and the structure of the nanoparticles have been shown to depend on these different parameters. Then PolyEthylene Glycol (PEG) polymers have been grafted on their surface to make them stealth and biocompatible. Two different lengths have been considered. For PET imagery, macrocycles which are chelating agents of the 64Cu radionuclide such as MANOTA, NODAGA and DOTA have been grafted on these SPIONs. The radiochemical purities are very conclusive. These nanohybrids have been extensively characterized (TEM, XPS, IR, DLS, ?-potential, TGA, Raman) and are very promising as a diagnostic tool for bimodal imaging MRI/PET in particular the Fe3O4-LDOPA-NODAGA nanoplatform (øDLS = 85±1 nm, r2 = 197±7 mM.s-1, 87% 64Cu). Preliminary cytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies on SPIONs modified by APTES have also been performed via very sensitive and innovative biotests
Kombaya, Touckia Linin Erland Modeste. "Conception, élaboration et caractérisation d’emballages actifs absorbeurs d’O2." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG006.
Повний текст джерелаCurrently, we are seeing the development of new materials, namely active materials, through various processes and applications. Among these active materials, the use of O2 scavenging iron nanoparticles (NanoFe) as required knowledge of several parameters for efficient application in the field of food packaging such as knowledge about oxidation mechanism and O2 consumption rate. These parameters are necessary to be able to quantify the absorption capacity and absorption rate of O2. Although necessary, these two parameters have so far been little characterized and even less related to the morphological (size, specific surface, etc.) and physico-chemical properties (such as the iron speciation) of iron nanoparticles implemented.In order to tailor nanocomposite film with O2 scavenging properties, this work aims to combine a passive barrier, related to the phenomenon of tortuosity induced by the presence of clay platelets dispersed in a polymeric matrix and an active barrier, related to oxygen uptake by synthesized NanoFe. Nano-Fe were synthesized by chemical reduction with sodium borohydride on Montmorillonite clay (MMT) support. The TEM characterization revealed the formation of iron nanoparticle aggregates with an average size of 57 ± 17 nm scattered on the MMT surface. The Mössbauer kinetics on the MMT-Fe powder confirms that the different iron phases (Fe0 and FeII) in the iron nanoparticles do not oxidize at the same speed. This allowed to adjust the mathematical model of O2 absorption properties prediction. The study of O2 absorption properties on powders has shown that the reaction constant (k), the proportionality coefficient (n) and the O2 absorption capacities are of the same order of magnitude for the wet, dried and stored powders. The nanocomposite films prepared from the synthesized MMT-Fe dried powders incorporated in a LLDPE polymer showed good absorption capacity, but lower than that of the fresh powder, related to the advanced oxidation of iron in these films, confirmed by Mössbauer spectroscopy (films are 60% oxidized versus 30% for powders). A numerical model using the second law of Fick coupled to the system of chemical kinetics equations obtained on the powder, made it possible to predict the phenomenon of diffusion and reaction of oxygen in films produced. This model was compared with experimental data obtained by measuring O2 absorption by films. In parallel, a study of the absorption kinetics of commercial O2 scavengers, commonly used in modified atmosphere packaging, was carried out. On these commercial systems, absorption kinetics has also been described by a second-order kinetic reaction with Arrhenius-like behavior for the effect of temperature. Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed that, in this case, only the Fe0 species were predominant to describe the kinetics (that of FeII being negligible as it was fast). We have shown for the first time that Mössbauer spectroscopy can be successfully coupled to the measurement of oxygen in order to characterize iron oxidation, speciation and O2 absorption capacity in situ. This configuration associating Mössbauer spectroscopy and oxygen measurement provided valuable information on the reaction mechanisms governing the O2 absorbers. All of these results will have important implications for understanding oxygen uptake in the active O2 absorber system
Sartori, Kevin. "Studying the interfacial exchange coupling within ferrite based magnetic nanoparticles prepared following to a succession of thermal decomposition synthesis." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE029.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of rare earths in data storage devices is expensive and polluting. Their replacement with iron oxide would make it possible to avoid this. Below a size of 20 nm, iron oxide nanoparticles cannot be considered as permanent magnet. An alternative is to combine them with another magnetic phase to enhance their magnetic anisotropy via interfacial exchange coupling within core@shell nanoparticles. However, the magnetic stability of the latter remains insufficient. The scope of this thesis is to design a new type of magnetic nanoparticles of core@shell@shell structure with a Fe3-dO4 core and CoFe2O4, CoO or NiO as shells which has further enhance the magnetic properties while maintaining a size below 18 nm. The in-depth study of their structure-properties relationship was carried out using a wide set of analytical techniques
Tîlmaciu, Carmen-Mihaela. "Synthèse et remplissage de nanotubes de carbone double-parois pour des applications biomédicales." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1169/.
Повний текст джерелаNarrow double-walled CNT (DWNT) were prepared by catalytic chemical vapour deposition (CCVD), using a MgO-based catalyst, which was reduced at 1000 °C in a mixture of H2/CH4, containing 18 mol % of CH4. The selectivity towards DWNT is ca. 80%. Before and after purification in air, these tubes with inner diameters < ou = 2 nm were filled by capillary action with iron and cobalt precursors (FeI2, FeCl2, FeCp2 or CoI2) in melted phases, followed by reduction in H2, in order to prepare magnetic nanowires inside the DWNT for hyperthermia application. The Mössbauer characterizations after reduction of the iron halides@DWNT in H2, have evidenced the presence of superparamagnetic nanoparticles of Fe(III) oxides (SPION), which present very high interest, as they are sensitive to magnetic fields, without retaining magnetisation after removal of the latter. In parallel, after reduction of the CoI2@DWNT, AGM and SQUID measurements revealed the presence of ferromagnetic nanowires of cobalt confined in DWNT (collaboration with IFW-Dresden, Germany). Using the same method of filling in melted phase, gadonanotubes (Gd3+@DWNT) were synthesized for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Preliminary measurements of relaxation times and the control of possible leaks of metal outside DWNT were achieved on several samples with different concentrations of gadolinium. The results are encouraging: Gd3+@DWNT samples present a good stability in time (over twenty three days) and high relaxivities (about five times greater than the current main clinical agents) - collaboration with the Hospital of Purpan-Toulouse, France. Filling in solution with chloroquine diphosphate salt, an antimalarian drug was also successfully achieved. Luciferase assay, MTT toxicity test, as well as HRTEM, EDX and elemental analysis were performed, in order to prove the filling and to quantify the percent of the drug in the sample (collaboration with the University of Surrey, England)