Статті в журналах: "Nanoparticle-polymer Blend Films"

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Zhang, Ren, Bongjoon Lee, Michael R. Bockstaller, Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, Ahmed Elzatahry, Brian C. Berry, and Alamgir Karim. "Soft-shear induced phase-separated nanoparticle string-structures in polymer thin films." Faraday Discussions 186 (2016): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00141b.

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Application of shear stress has been shown to unidirectionally orient the microstructures of block copolymers and polymer blends. In the present work, we study the phase separation of a novel nanoparticle (NP)–polymer blend thin film system under shear using a soft-shear dynamic zone annealing (DZA-SS) method. The nanoparticles are densely grafted with polymer chains of chemically dissimilar composition from the matrix polymer, which induces phase separation upon thermal annealing into concentrated nanoparticle domains. We systematically examine the influence of DZA-SS translation speed and thus the effective shear rate on nanoparticle domain elongation and compare this with the counterpart binary polymer blend behavior. Unidirectionally aligned nanoparticle string-domains are fabricated in the presence of soft-shear in confined thin film geometry. We expect this DZA-SS method to be applicable to various NP–polymer blends towards unidirectionally aligned nanoparticle structures, which are important to functional nanoparticle structure fabrication.

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Qiang, Yiwei, Neha Manohar, Kathleen J. Stebe, and Daeyeon Lee. "Polymer blend-filled nanoparticle films via monomer-driven infiltration of polymer and photopolymerization." Molecular Systems Design & Engineering 3, no. 1 (2018): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7me00099e.

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Elhosiny Ali, H., Z. R. Khan, H. Algarni, E. F. El-Shamy, Mohd Shkir, and Yasmin Khairy. "Engineering the Physical Properties of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blend Films by Adding Tb–NiO Nanoparticles for Flexible Optoelectronics Applications." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3216.

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Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (1:1) polymer mixture films were developed using the solution-casting technique. Physical properties engineering of as grown chemical casting films were achieved through the Tb–NiO nanoparticles mixing in a polymer blend with different content of 0.0, 0.037, 0.37, 1.85, and 3.7 wt%. The variation of physical properties of nanocomposites thin layer was examined from X-ray diffractometer, atomic force microscope (AFM), FTIR spectroscopy, and Uv-visible spectroscopy. Optical band gaps of polymer nanocomposites films were calculated to study the influence of Tb–NiO nanoparticle doping are decreased after addition of Tb–NiO nanostructures in the composites. AFM images of films reveal successful adsorption of Tb–NiO nanoparticles in polymer blend. In addition, FTIR spectra showed successful loading of Tb–NiO nanoparticles in PVP/PVA blend matrix. The extinction coefficients, refractive index, optical dielectric constant and optical conductivity were also investigated in correlation with different wt% Tb–NiO doping concentrations. In addition, the values of oscillator, dispersion energies Eo, Ed and static refractive indices no were calculated. The optical limiting behavior of films showed that the polymer nanocomposite films are suitable for flexible optoelectronics devices.

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Guruswamy, B., V. Ravindrachary, C. Shruthi, and M. Mylarappa. "Effect of SnO₂ Nanoparticle Doping on Structural, Morphological and Thermal Properties of PVA-PVP Polymer Blend." Materials Science Forum 962 (July 2019): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.962.82.

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The n-type semiconductor SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesised using standard route and the effect of this nanoparticle doping on structural, morphological and thermal properties of PVA-PVP polymer blend has been investigated. Pure and PVA-PVP/SnO2 Nanocomposite films were prepared using solution casting technique. The powder X-ray diffraction result shows that the crystalline nature of the blend increases with doping level. FESEM study shows that the surface morphology of the polymer nanocomposite varies with doping level. AFM study reveals that in the nanocomposite films, the average roughness changes with dopant concentration. The DSC studies on the samples were performed from 40°C to 400°C under nitrogen atmosphere and it shows that the thermal properties of the blend changes with doping concentration.

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Mohammed, K. J. "Study the effect of CaCO3 nanoparticles on physical properties of biopolymer blend." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 16, no. 39 (January 5, 2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v16i39.97.

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Chitosan (CH) / Poly (1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVP-co-VAc) blend (1:1) and nanocomposites reinforced with CaCO3 nanoparticles were prepared by solution casting method. FTIR analysis, tensile strength, Elongation, Young modulus, Thermal conductivity, water absorption and Antibacterial properties were studied for blend and nanocomposites. The tensile results show that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the nanocomposites were enhanced compared with polymer blend [CH/(PVP-co-VAc)] film. The mechanical properties of the polymer blend were improved by the addition of CaCO3 with significant increases in Young’s modulus (from 1787 MPa to ~7238 MPa) and tensile strength (from 47.87 MPa to 79.75 MPa). Strong interfacial bonding between the CaCO3 nanoparticles and the [CH/(PVP-co-VAc)), homogenous distribution of the nanoparticles in the polymer blend, are assistance of noticeably raised mechanical durability. The thermal conductivity of the polymer blend and CaCO3 nanocomposite films show that it decreased in the adding of nanoparticle CaCO3. The solvability measurements display that the nanocomposite has promoted water resistance. The weight gain lowered with the increase of nano CaCO3. Blending chitosan CH with (PVP-co-VAc) enhanced strength and young modules of the nanocomposites and increased the absorption of water because hydrophilic of the blended polymers films. The effect of two types of positive S.aurous and negative E. coli was studied. The results showed that the nanocomposites were effective for both types, where the activity value ranged from (12 ~ 21). The best results were found for S.aurous bacteria.

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Bahtiar, Ayi, Siti Halimah Tusaddiah, Wendy Paramandhita S. Mustikasari, Lusi Safriani, Mariah Kartawidjaja, Kei Kanazawa, Ippei Enokida, Yukio Furukawa, and Isao Watanabe. "Optical, Structural and Morphological Properties of Ternary Thin Film Blend of P3HT:PCBM:ZnO Nanoparticles." Materials Science Forum 827 (August 2015): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.827.119.

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Ternary blend film of conjugated polymer, fullerene and inorganic nanoparticles has intensively studied as active material for high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of hybrid organic-inorganic solar cells. The incorporation of two electron acceptor materials of organic fullerene and inorganic nanoparticles into hybrid with electron donor conjugated polymer is strongly believed can improve the PCE of solar cells by increasing exciton dissociation efficiency due to an increase of interface area between donor and acceptor materials where the positive and negative charges dissociated. We studied optical, structural and morphological properties of ternary thin film containing blend of conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene (P3HT):fullerene derivative PCBM:Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) by measuring its optical absorption, crystal structure and film surface morphology. Zinc oxide nanoparticle was prepared by sol-gel method. It has optical absorption below 370 nm and average particle size 40 nm as shown by TEM picture. Ternary thin blend films of P3HT:PCBM:ZnO-NP were prepared by use of spin-coating method. The UV-Vis spectrum of thin film contains absorption peaks originated from contribution of P3HT at wavelengths 520 nm, 550 nm and 600 nm, from contribution of PCBM at 260 nm and 330 nm and from ZnO-NP at wavelengths below 370 nm which confirms that these three materials were well mixed in the films. Its XRD pattern also contains the peaks from each of these three-materials. In this report, we compare surface morphology of thin films of pure P3HT, pure ZnO-NP, blend of P3HT:PCBM, blend of P3HT:ZnO-NP and ternary blend of P3HT:PCBM:ZnO-NP.

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Francis, Dali Vilma, Saurav Thaliyakattil, Lucy Cherian, Neeru Sood, and Trupti Gokhale. "Metallic Nanoparticle Integrated Ternary Polymer Blend of PVA/Starch/Glycerol: A Promising Antimicrobial Food Packaging Material." Polymers 14, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071379.

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Advances in food processing and food packaging play a major role in keeping food safe, increasing the shelf life, and maintaining the food supply chain. Good packaging materials that enable the safe travel of food are often non-degradable and tend to persist in the environment, thereby posing a hazard. One alternative is to synthesize biodegradable polymers with an antimicrobial property while maintaining their mechanical and thermal properties. In the present study, biodegradable composites of PVA–starch–glycerol (PSG) incorporated with CuO and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared as PSG, PSG–Cu, PSG–Zn, and PSG–CuZn films. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to study and characterize these films. The water barrier properties of the films improved significantly as the hydrophobicity of the PSG–CuZn film increased by 32.9% while the water absorptivity and solubility decreased by 51.49% and 60% compared to the PSG film. The Young’s modulus of the films incorporated with CuO and ZnO nanoparticles was lower than that reported for PVA, suggesting that the film possessed higher flexibility. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated high thermal stability for films. Biosynthesized CuO and ZnO nanoparticles exhibited antifungal activity against vegetable and fruit spoilage fungi, and hence the fabricated polymers incorporated with nanoparticles were anticipated to demonstrate an antifungal activity. The nanoparticle incorporated films exhibited fungicidal and bactericidal activity, suggesting their role in extending the shelf life of packaged food. The result of ICP-OES studies demonstrated the steady release of ions from the polymer films, however, EDX analysis demonstrated no leaching of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles from the films, thus ruling out the possibility of nanoparticles entering the packaged food. The strawberries wrapped with the fabricated films incorporated with nanoparticles demonstrated improved shelf life and retained the nutritional quality of the fruit. Among the four films, PSG–CuZn was the most promising for food wrapping since it exhibited better water-resistance, antimicrobial, thermal, and mechanical properties.

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Huq, Abul F., Irina Zvonkina, Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, and Alamgir Karim. "Controlling nanoparticle crystallinity and surface enrichment in polymer (P3HT)/Nanoparticle(PCBM) blend films with tunable soft confinement." Polymer 136 (January 2018): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.12.037.

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Kausar, Ayesha. "A review of filled and pristine polycarbonate blends and their applications." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 34, no. 1 (January 27, 2017): 60–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087917691088.

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Polycarbonate is an important thermoplastic polymer. Due to its high performance, polycarbonate has a range of engineering applications in construction, automotive, aircraft, data storage, electrical, and telecommunication hardware. However, polycarbonate’s use is limited in advanced applications due to limitations, such as strong hydrophobicity, relatively limited chemical functionality, high melt viscosity, notch sensitivity of mechanical properties, and relative softness. Blending with other thermoplastic polymers improves its physical characteristics. The present review outlines up-to-date developments concerning the design and application of polycarbonate blends. A particular emphasis has been given to establish polycarbonate blends such as: • polycarbonate/polyethylene • polycarbonate/poly(methyl methacrylate) • polycarbonate/poly(vinylchloride) • polycarbonate/ polystyrene • polycarbonate/polyurethane • polycarbonate/polyester • polycarbonate/poly(ɛ-caprolactone). To improve the polycarbonate blend properties, fillers including organic and inorganic reinforcement materials (carbon nanotube, montmorillonite nanoclay, and metal nanoparticle) have also been employed. Polycarbonate blend applications in biomedical, flame retardant, and membrane materials have also been reviewed. To fully exploit the future potential for polycarbonate-based engineering materials, the structure–property relationship and compatibilization mechanisms need to be further explored.

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Wu, Wenjie, Maninderjeet Singh, Ali Masud, Xiaoteng Wang, Asritha Nallapaneni, Zihan Xiao, Yue Zhai, et al. "Control of Phase Morphology of Binary Polymer Grafted Nanoparticle Blend Films via Direct Immersion Annealing." ACS Nano 15, no. 7 (July 13, 2021): 12042–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c03357.

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11

Meng, Lingyao, Hongyou Fan, J. Matthew D. Lane, and Yang Qin. "Bottom-Up Approaches for Precisely Nanostructuring Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Multi-Component Composites for Organic Photovoltaics." MRS Advances 5, no. 40-41 (2020): 2055–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.196.

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Abstract:Achieving control over the morphology of conjugated polymer (CP) blends at nanoscale is crucial for enhancing their performances in diverse organic optoelectronic devices, including thin film transistors, photovoltaics, and light emitting diodes. However, the complex CP chemical structures and intramolecular interactions often make such control difficult to implement. We demonstrate here that cooperative combination of non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, coordination interactions, and π-π interactions, etc., can be used to effectively define the morphology of CP blend films, in particular being able to achieve accurate spatial arrangement of nanoparticles within CP nanostructures. Through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, we show strong attachment of fullerene molecules, CdSe quantum dots, and iron oxide nanoparticles, onto well-defined CP nanofibers. The resulting core/shell hybrid nanofibers exhibit well-defined donor/acceptor interface when employed in photovoltaic devices, which also contributes to enhanced charge separation and transport. These findings provide a facile new methodology of improving CP/nanoparticle interfacial properties and controlling blend morphology. The generality of this methodology demonstrated in current studies points to a new way of designing hybrid materials based on organic polymers and inorganic nanoparticles towards applications in modern electronic devices.

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Sharma, Shikha, and Fehmeeda Khatoon. "Bio-Synthesis and Characterization of CS–Ag Nano Hydrogel for Antibacterial Application." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 542–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2543.

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An environmental technique of herbal mediated blend of Ag nanoparticles is a substantial stage in the ground of nanotechnology. Chitosan (CS) is a polymer which is biocompatible and antibacterial. In this work, we have synthesized CS–Ag Nano hydrogel which is form with chitosan-based hydrogel merged in the herbal synthesized Ag nanoparticles. These green synthesized Ag-nanoparticles made from Polygonum bistorta plant leaves and described with the assistance of UV-vis spectrophotometer, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). In this work our main focus to synthesized CS–Ag Nano hydrogel. These hydrogel was described by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method, X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, and contact angle. Nanoparticle size distribution was within 1 to 100 nm by DLS and the optimum wavelength was noted in 400 to 450 nm by UV-vis spectroscopic readings. A good antibacterial behavior has been displayed by these synthesized CS–Ag Nano hydrogel films against both E. coli (gram –ve) and S. aureus (gram +ve) with the maximum 7 mm inhibition zone.

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REZANOVA, NATALIA, YURII BUDASH, VIKTORIIA PLAVAN, ALLA KORSHUN та SERHII PRYSTYNSKYI. "РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СТІЙКОСТІ РІДКИХ МІКРОСТРУМЕНІВ ПОЛІПРОПІЛЕНУ В МАТРИЦІ СПІВПОЛІАМІДУ ЗА РАХУНОК НАНОДОБАВОК". Technologies and Engineering, № 2 (24 грудня 2021): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2786-5371.2021.2.6.

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Goal. Investigation of the effect of the concentration of nanoparticles of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and alumina modified with silver (Ag/Al2O3) on the decomposition kinetics of liquid microjets of polypropylene (PP) in a copolyamide (CPA) matrix and the possibility of controlling the microfibrillar morphology of the PP/CPA blend.Methodology. The components of the blend were mixed on a screw-disk extruder. The kinetics of the disintegration of liquid microjets was studied using a technique based on the theory of destabilization of a liquid cylinder under the action of capillary waves. The degree of dispersion of polypropylene in the matrix was evaluated by photomicrographs of cross sections of the extrudates of the blends.Results. Nanoadditives of the original and silver-modified aluminum oxide with a content of (0.1 ÷ 3.0) wt.% In the blend increase the compatibility of the components: the surface tension (γαβ) in the compositions of all compositions decreases. Ag/Al2O3 nanoparticles are more effective than aluminum oxide nanoparticles - the γαβ value decreases by 9.6 and 5.3 times, respectively, which ensures a high degree of dispersion of the dispersed phase component in the matrix. The disintegration resistance of polypropylene microjets is increasing, as evidenced by a decrease in the instability coefficient (q) and an increase in the microjet lifetime (tl). The curves of q and tl dependence on the additive content have an extreme character. The minimum values of the instability coefficient of microjets and the maximum values of their lifetime are achieved at a nanoparticle concentration corresponding to the lowest interfacial tension.Scientific novelty. The positive effect of the investigated nanoadditives on the kinetics of the decomposition of liquid microjets of polypropylene in the copolyamide matrix has been established. The highest modifying effect in the presence of Ag/Al2O3 nanoparticles is due to their amphiphilic nature, which ensures the predominant localization of nanoparticles at the interface and a synergistic increase in the degree of compatibility in the PP/CPA system.Practical significance. The regularities of increasing the stability of liquid microjets to disintegration in polymer blends filled with nanoparticles have been established, which will make it possible to determine the parameters of the processes of mixing and forming fibers and films, in which the microfibrillar structure arising during the flow of the melt will remain unchanged in the products.

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Schmitt, Michael, Jianan Zhang, Jaejun Lee, Bongjoon Lee, Xin Ning, Ren Zhang, Alamgir Karim, Robert F. Davis, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, and Michael R. Bockstaller. "Polymer ligand–induced autonomous sorting and reversible phase separation in binary particle blends." Science Advances 2, no. 12 (December 2016): e1601484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601484.

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The tethering of ligands to nanoparticles has emerged as an important strategy to control interactions and organization in particle assembly structures. We demonstrate that ligand interactions in mixtures of polymer-tethered nanoparticles (which are modified with distinct types of polymer chains) can impart upper or lower critical solution temperature (UCST/LCST)–type phase behavior on binary particle mixtures in analogy to the phase behavior of the corresponding linear polymer blends. Therefore, cooling (or heating) of polymer-tethered particle blends with appropriate architecture to temperatures below (or above) the UCST (or LCST) results in the organization of the individual particle constituents into monotype microdomain structures. The shape (bicontinuous or island-type) and lengthscale of particle microdomains can be tuned by variation of the composition and thermal process conditions. Thermal cycling of LCST particle brush blends through the critical temperature enables the reversible growth and dissolution of monoparticle domain structures. The ability to autonomously and reversibly organize multicomponent particle mixtures into monotype microdomain structures could enable transformative advances in the high-throughput fabrication of solid films with tailored and mutable structures and properties that play an important role in a range of nanoparticle-based material technologies.

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15

Wang, Kui, Xuefei Jin, Xiuhong He, Weijiang Huang, Qin Tian, Qiuping Fu, and Wei Yan. "Synthesis of Aluminum Phosphate-Coated Halloysite Nanotubes: Effects on Morphological, Mechanical, and Rheological Properties of PEO/PBAT Blends." Nanomaterials 12, no. 17 (August 23, 2022): 2896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12172896.

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Polymer blending has been widely used to fabricate polymeric films in the last decade due to its superior properties to a single component. In this study, an aluminum phosphate-coated halloysite nanotube (HNTs@AlPO4) was fabricated using a one-pot heterogeneous precipitation method, organically modified HNTs@AlPO4 (o-HNTs@AlPO4) was used to improve the performance of polyethylene oxide/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PEO/PBAT) blends, and the mechanical and rheological properties of the PEO/PBAT/o-HNTs@AlPO4 films were systematically discussed. According to our results, there is an optimal addition for adequate AlPO4 nanoparticle dispersion and coating on the surface of HNTs, and organic modification could improve the interfacial compatibility of HNTs@AlPO4 and the polymeric matrix. Moreover, o-HNTs@AlPO4 may serve as a compatibilizer between PEO and PBAT, and PEO/PBAT/o-HNTs@AlPO4 films have better mechanical and rheological properties than the PEO/PBAT blends without the o-HNTs@AlPO4 component.

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Takei, Satoshi, Kazuhide Mochiduki, Naoya Kubo, and Yoshiyuki Yokoyama. "Nanoparticle free polymer blends for light scattering films in liquid crystal displays." Applied Physics Letters 100, no. 26 (June 25, 2012): 263108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732092.

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17

Hongsriphan, N., J. Nualyung, N. Yaothaisong, and P. Patanathabutr. "Antibacterial coating of corona treated Poly(lactic acid) / Poly(butylene succinate) film with Chitosan and Zinc oxide nanoparticle." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1280, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1280/1/012001.

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Abstract The biodegradable PLA/PBS 90/10 wt% films were extruded and surface treated with corona discharge. Two electrical inputs of the corona treatment were used, 2 or 6 amperes, which the change of the surface tension was evaluated using corona measuring pens. The blend films were coated with the antibacterial mixture between chitosan and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) in four concentrations: 1.0/0.4, 1.0/0.5, 1.5/0.5, and 1.5/0.5 wt%/wt%. This film could be used to replace transparent disposable packaging in the circular economy. It was found that the surface tension of the blend film was 30 dyne (mN/m) which was much like the neat PLA due to PLA being the main composition. Since the overall coated film thickness was kept constant, there was no significant difference in the coating weight among four coating concentrations. Compared to the uncoated PLA/PBS film, the tensile strength of the coated films tended to be higher with the increase of ZnO-NP content. However, the elongation at break of the coated films decreased significantly, which the stiffer coating layers became the stress concentrators. From SEM, it was seen that the good adhesion between the polymer and the coating layer was achieved. When the coated films were torn apart in the trouser tear testing, the failure was the breakage of the blend film with there was some coating layer delaminated.

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Raja, Shilpa N., Andrew C. K. Olson, Aditya Limaye, Kari Thorkelsson, Andrew Luong, Liwei Lin, Robert O. Ritchie, Ting Xu, and A. Paul Alivisatos. "Influence of three-dimensional nanoparticle branching on the Young’s modulus of nanocomposites: Effect of interface orientation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 21 (May 13, 2015): 6533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421644112.

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With the availability of nanoparticles with controlled size and shape, there has been renewed interest in the mechanical properties of polymer/nanoparticle blends. Despite the large number of theoretical studies, the effect of branching for nanofillers tens of nanometers in size on the elastic stiffness of these composite materials has received limited attention. Here, we examine the Young's modulus of nanocomposites based on a common block copolymer (BCP) blended with linear nanorods and nanoscale tetrapod Quantum Dots (tQDs), in electrospun fibers and thin films. We use a phenomenological lattice spring model (LSM) as a guide in understanding the changes in the Young's modulus of such composites as a function of filler shape. Reasonable agreement is achieved between the LSM and the experimental results for both nanoparticle shapes—with only a few key physical assumptions in both films and fibers—providing insight into the design of new nanocomposites and assisting in the development of a qualitative mechanistic understanding of their properties. The tQDs impart the greatest improvements, enhancing the Young's modulus by a factor of 2.5 at 20 wt.%. This is 1.5 times higher than identical composites containing nanorods. An unexpected finding from the simulations is that both the orientation of the nanoscale filler and the orientation of X-type covalent bonds at the nanoparticle-ligand interface are important for optimizing the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. The tQD provides an orientational optimization of the interfacial and filler bonds arising from its three-dimensional branched shape unseen before in nanocomposites with inorganic nanofillers.

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Chandran, Sivasurender, Nafisa Begam, Venkat Padmanabhan, and J. K. Basu. "Confinement enhances dispersion in nanoparticle–polymer blend films." Nature Communications 5, no. 1 (May 8, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4697.

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"Guar gum (GG) / Methylcellulose (MC) Blends and their Composites with Maghemite Nanoparticles." Regular Issue 4, no. 9 (May 10, 2020): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.i0919.054920.

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Miscibility of polymers decides the applicability of the resulting blends and immiscible polymer blends can be made compatible with suitable compatibilizer. Miscibility of blends of guar gum (GG) and methyl cellulose (MC) in common solvent water were studied by refractive index, density, ultrasonic velocity, and dilute solution viscometry methods at 30°C and 40°C. Based on these measurements, it is found that the polymer blend of GG/MC is immiscible. The effect of compatibilization with 0.02 wt% maghemite nanoparticle was studied in aqueous solution and found that 10/90 GG/MC blend is miscible in the presence of maghemite. Solution cast technique was used to prepare thin films of GG/MC blend – maghemite composite and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) method.

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Sriramoju, Kishore Kumar, and Venkat Padmanabhan. "Controlling the Location of Bare Nanoparticles in Polymer-Nanoparticle Blend Films by Adding Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles." Physical Review Letters 114, no. 25 (June 24, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.114.258301.

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Al‐Muntaser, A., Hala M. Abo‐Dief, A. E. Tarabiah, Eman Alzahrani, Hessa A. Alsalmah, Zeinab M. Alharbi, Rami Adel Pashameah, and Abdu Saeed. "Incorporated TiO₂ nanoparticles into PVC/PMMA polymer blend for enhancing the optical and electrical/dielectric properties: Hybrid nanocomposite films for flexible optoelectronic devices." Polymer Engineering & Science, August 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.26476.

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AbstractIn the present work, sol–gel‐synthesized titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to create polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) samples. The preparation was carried out via the solution casting method. The synthesized TiO2 NPs have a tetragonal anatase phase and an average grain size of 15.7 nm. XRD analysis reveals that the TiO2 NPs' addition to PVC/PMMA causes a decrease in the crystallinity of PNCs films. Infrared Fourier analysis demonstrated the interplay/complexity between the PVC/PMMA blend and TiO2 NPs. The UV/visible spectrum of the PVC/PMMA blend showed two absorbance peaks at 278 and 208 nm, which may result from the n → π* and π → π* transitions. Also, optical bandgaps for indirect and direct allowed transitions decreased with increasing TiO2 NPs concentration. The samples' AC electrical conductivity and dielectric properties were measured at room temperature. As the TiO2 NPs content in the nanocomposite rises, a percolating network begins to emerge inside the composite, demonstrating that AC electrical conductivity obeys Jonscher's law. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that nanoparticle concentration leads to a higher composite dielectric loss and dielectric constant. These findings suggest the possibility of using the prepared nanocomposites in capacitive energy storage and optoelectronic devices.Highlights PVC/PMMA‐TiO2 nanocomposites' films were fabricated via the solution casting method. Adding TiO2 NPs to PVC/PMMA reduces the crystallinity of the PNCs films. The allowed direct and indirect bandgaps decreased with rising TiO2 NPs content. AC conductivity, impedance, and dielectric characteristics were discussed. The findings indicate the use of prepared samples in optoelectronic devices.

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Black, David, and Shashi Paul. "Photoconductivity Measurements of Organic Polymer/Nanostructure Blends." MRS Proceedings 1270 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1270-gg04-09.

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AbstractIn an attempt to produce low cost and high quality polymer/nanoparticle blends for use in hybrid organic/inorganic photovoltaic devices we prepared blends of dihexylsexithiophene and tetragonal barium titanate particles. These polymer nanoparticle blends were deposited as films by spin coating and sublimation. The films were characterised and compared using a wide range of techniques; The electrical photoconductivity analysis of these structures carried out using an HP4140B picoammeter and a solar simulator after aluminium gap cell electrodes had been deposited on the films by sublimation, spectroscopic studies (FTIR and UV-VIS) were carried out to understand the photoconductivity measurements and ellipsometry was used to determine the thickness of the films. The photoconductivity of the spin coated films was the highest reaching 8.5x 10-10A at 20 V, the sublimed films reached ~4 x 10-10A at 40V. This is thought to be due to the thinness of the sublimed films combined with the inhomogeneous distribution of nanoparticles compared with the spin coated film. Sublimed films have been shown by others to be better structured than spin coated films, if this property can be utilized with further optimization of the sublimation process then this technique offers the potential to produce very thin high quality films for use in organic and hybrid photovoltaic devices.

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24

Brugger, Ch, S. Tasch, M. Lal, P. N. Prasad, and G. Leising. "Electroluminescence Devices with CdS and CdS:Mn Nanoparticles and Polymer Blends." MRS Proceedings 581 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-581-405.

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ABSTRACTWe have investigated the photophysical properties of surface capped CdS and CdS:Mn nanoparticles in the form of spin coated thin films of the pure nanoparticles and nanoparticle -polymer blends. The organic capping reagent was p-thiocresol. Electroluminescence (EL) devices were fabricated and characterized by their current/voltage characteristics and EL emission performance. This is to our knowledge the first report on Mn doped CdS nanoparticles applied in EL devices with a single layer device structure (ITO/CdS:Mn/Al). Photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation measurements were performed on CdS:Mn nanoparticles in pyridine dispersion and on thin films. The PL excitation spectrum shows a narrow peak at 390nm. Excitation at this wavelength yields a broad PL spectrum spanning from about 450 to 700nm, which is dominated by a strong emission band at 585nm. This emission is attributed to transitions involving Mn levels in previous works. The EL emission peak is shifted to the red compared to the PL emission spectra. The characteristics and performance of these new types of EL devices will be presented and discussed.

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Kausar, Ayesha. "Poly(acrylic acid) nanocomposites: Design of advanced materials." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting, December 22, 2020, 875608792098161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087920981615.

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Poly(acrylic acid) is a synthetic polymer that is polymerized from acrylic acid monomers. Poly (acrylic acid) is a high molecular weight polymer having good water solubility. Poly(acrylic acid) also exists in the cross-linked forms. Poly(acrylic acid) is an important polymer for making polymeric blends and nanocomposites. This state-of-the-art review is an endeavour to define the unique capabilities of poly (acrylic acid) to form high performance nanocomposites. The nanofiller nanomaterials including carbon nanotube, graphene, nanodiamond, and inorganic nanoparticles are promising nanofillers for a poly(acrylic acid) matrix. Consequently, the article discusses the following categories: poly(acrylic acid)/carbon nanotube, poly(acrylic acid)/graphene, poly(acrylic acid)/nanodiamond, and poly(acrylic acid)/inorganic nanoparticle nanocomposites. The nanocomposite characteristics are significantly enhanced with the added nanoparticles. Especially, the nanoparticles influenced the electrical conductivity, thermal stability, strength, biocompatibility, adsorption, and anti-bacterial features of the poly(acrylic acid) nanocomposites. Their high performance was related to the interface interactions between the matrix and the nanofillers. The poly (acrylic acid) derived nanocomposites have been used to form advanced hybrid materials for batteries, sensors, antibacterial, and water filters.

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