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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Long, Jian You. "Study on Phase-Change Temperature and Latent Heat of Organic Phase-Change Nano-Fluid." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 1591–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.1591.

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Nano-aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity and good compatibility, was added into paraffin to improve its thermal conductivity. Surface modified technology was adopted and dispersant was used to prepare uniform and stable organic phase-change nano-fluid of paraffin and nano-aluminum. Experiments were conducted to test the phase-change temperature and latent heat of the prepared organic phase-change nano-fluid. Results show that the addition of nano-aluminum has no effect on phase-change temperature, but it changes phase-change latent heat of the prepared organic phase-change nano-fluid. Reduced degree of the latent heat is nearly proportional to the quantity of the added nano-aluminum.

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2

Chu, Cheng Hung, Ming Lun Tseng, Chiun Da Shiue, Shuan Wei Chen, Hai-Pang Chiang, Masud Mansuripur, and Din Ping Tsai. "Fabrication of phase-change Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 nano-rings." Optics Express 19, no. 13 (June 15, 2011): 12652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.012652.

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3

Sinha-Ray, S., R. P. Sahu, and A. L. Yarin. "Nano-encapsulated smart tunable phase change materials." Soft Matter 7, no. 19 (2011): 8823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1sm05973d.

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4

Pereira, José, Ana Moita, and António Moreira. "An Overview of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials for Energy Harvesting and Conversion." Molecules 28, no. 15 (July 30, 2023): 5763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155763.

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Анотація:

This review offers a critical survey of the published studies concerning nano-enhanced phase change materials to be applied in energy harvesting and conversion. Also, the main thermophysical characteristics of nano-enhanced phase change materials are discussed in detail. In addition, we carried out an analysis of the thermophysical properties of these types of materials as well as of some specific characteristics like the phase change duration and the phase change temperature. Moreover, the fundamental improving techniques for the phase change materials for solar thermal applications are described in detail, including the use of nano-enhanced phase change materials, foam skeleton-reinforced phase change materials, phase change materials with extended surfaces, and the inclusion of high-thermal-conductivity nanoparticles in nano-enhanced phase change materials, among others. Those improvement techniques can increase the thermal conductivity of the systems by up to 100%. Furthermore, it is also reported that the exploration of phase change materials enhances the overall efficiency of solar thermal energy storage systems and photovoltaic-nano-enhanced phase change materials systems. Finally, the main limitations and guidelines for future research in the field of nano-enhanced phase change materials are summarized.

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5

Long, Jian You. "Study on Thermal Conductivity of Organic Phase-Change Nano-Fluid." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 1579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.1579.

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Анотація:

Nano-aluminum, which has high thermal conductivity and good compatibility, was added into paraffin to improve its thermal conductivity. Surface modified technology was adopted and dispersant was used to prepare uniform and stable organic phase-change nano-fluid of paraffin and nano-aluminum. Transient plane source method was used to test the thermal conductivity of the prepared organic phase-change nano-fluid. Results showed that the addition of nano-aluminum largely improved the thermal conductivity of paraffin. After the formula of Lu and Lin was modified, a calculation model for thermal conductivity of the organic phase-change nano-fluid was deduced. And experimental results showed that the results of calculation agreed that of experiment very well.

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6

Kersting, Benedikt, and Martin Salinga. "Exploiting nanoscale effects in phase change memories." Faraday Discussions 213 (2019): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8fd00119g.

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7

Shi, L. P., and T. C. Chong. "Nanophase Change for Data Storage Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 65–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.18007.

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Анотація:

Phase change materials are widely used for date storage. The most widespread and important applications are rewritable optical disc and Phase Change Random Access Memory (PCRAM), which utilizes the light and electric induced phase change respectively. For decades, miniaturization has been the major driving force to increase the density. Now the working unit area of the current data storage media is in the order of nano-scale. On the nano-scale, extreme dimensional and nano-structural constraints and the large proportion of interfaces will cause the deviation of the phase change behavior from that of bulk. Hence an in-depth understanding of nanophase change and the related issues has become more and more important. Nanophase change can be defined as: phase change at the scale within nano range of 100 nm, which is size-dependent, interface-dominated and surrounding materials related. Nanophase change can be classified into two groups, thin film related and structure related. Film thickness and clapping materials are key factors for thin film type, while structure shape, size and surrounding materials are critical parameters for structure type. In this paper, the recent development of nanophase change is reviewed, including crystallization of small element at nano size, thickness dependence of crystallization, effect of clapping layer on the phase change of phase change thin film and so on. The applications of nanophase change technology on data storage is introduced, including optical recording such as super lattice like optical disc, initialization free disc, near field, super-RENS, dual layer, multi level, probe storage, and PCRAM including, superlattice-like structure, side edge structure, and line type structure. Future key research issues of nanophase change are also discussed.

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8

Teng, Tun Ping, Bo Gu Lin, and Yun Yu Yeh. "Characterization of Heat Storage by Nanocomposite-Enhanced Phase Change Materials." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1448.

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This study involved a two-step method of adding multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles to paraffin wax, forming nanocomposite-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCMs). The NEPCMs in a phase change experiment were influenced by the concentrations of the nano-materials and the heating temperature of water. The objective of this paper is to investigate the optimal parameters of added nano-materials. The experimental results show that the phase change temperature of the paraffin wax slightly increases after adding the nano-materials to the paraffin wax. In addition, the nano-materials in the paraffin wax will reduce the temperature difference between test samples and heating water, indicating that adding the nano-materials can effectively reduce the thermal resistance of the experimental samples and improve the efficiency of thermal energy storage.

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9

Irwan, M. A. M., C. S. Nor Azwadi, Y. Asako, and J. Ghaderian. "Review on numerical simulations for nano-enhanced phase change material (NEPCM) phase change process." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 141, no. 2 (November 21, 2019): 669–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-09038-2.

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10

Rao, Feng, Kun Ren, Yifeng Gu, Zhitang Song, Liangcai Wu, Xilin Zhou, Bo Liu, Songlin Feng, and Bomy Chen. "Nano composite Si2Sb2Te film for phase change memory." Thin Solid Films 519, no. 16 (June 2011): 5684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.03.015.

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11

Husainy, Avesahemad SN. "A Review on Properties and Scope of Nano-Phase Change Material for Lower Temperature Applications." Journal of Advanced Research in Manufacturing, Material Science & Metallurgical Engineering 07, no. 1&2 (May 6, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2393.8315.202002.

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12

Cao, Jiahao, Jinxin Feng, Xiaoming Fang, Ziye Ling, and Zhengguo Zhang. "A delayed cooling system coupling composite phase change material and nano phase change material emulsion." Applied Thermal Engineering 191 (June 2021): 116888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116888.

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13

Cheng, Yan, Yonghui Zheng, and Zhitang Song. "Reversible switching in bicontinuous structure for phase change random access memory application." Nanoscale 13, no. 8 (2021): 4678–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr09139a.

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Анотація:

A 3D nano-bicontinuous structure consisting of a reversible Sb₂Te₃ phase and amorphous Si phase is visualized. The amorphous Si frame is stable and the Sb₂Te₃ nano areas switch between the a- and f-structure.

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14

Ma, Zhenjun, Wenye Lin, and M. Imroz Sohel. "Nano-enhanced phase change materials for improved building performance." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 58 (May 2016): 1256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.234.

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15

Ishijima, Ayumu, Jun Tanaka, Takashi Azuma, Kosuke Minamihata, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Etsuko Kobayashi, Teruyuki Nagamune, and Ichiro Sakuma. "The lifetime evaluation of vapourised phase-change nano-droplets." Ultrasonics 69 (July 2016): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2016.04.002.

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16

Kao, Tsung Sheng, Yi Guo Chen, and Ming Hui Hong. "Controlling the near-field excitation of nano-antennas with phase-change materials." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 4 (October 9, 2013): 632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.70.

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By utilizing the strongly induced plasmon coupling between discrete nano-antennas and quantitatively controlling the crystalline proportions of an underlying Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) phase-change thin layer, we show that nanoscale light localizations in the immediate proximity of plasmonic nano-antennas can be spatially positioned. Isolated energy hot-spots at a subwavelength scale can be created and adjusted across the landscape of the plasmonic system at a step resolution of λ/20. These findings introduce a new approach for nano-circuitry, bio-assay addressing and imaging applications.

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17

Thalib, M. Mohamed, Athikesavan Muthu Manokar, Fadl A. Essa, N. Vasimalai, Ravishankar Sathyamurthy, and Fausto Pedro Garcia Marquez. "Comparative Study of Tubular Solar Stills with Phase Change Material and Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material." Energies 13, no. 15 (August 2, 2020): 3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153989.

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This study is intended to investigate and analyze the operational performances of the Conventional Tubular Solar Still (CTSS), Tubular Solar Still with Phase Change Material (TSS-PCM) and Tubular Solar Still with Nano Phase Change Material (TSS-NPCM). Paraffin wax and graphene plusparaffin wax were used in the CTSS to obtain the modified solar still models. The experimental study was carried out in the three stills to observe the operational parameters at a water depth of 1 cm. The experiment revealed that TSS-NPCM showed the best performance and the highest yield in comparison to other stills. The distillate yield from the CTSS, TSS-PCM and TSS-NPCM was noted to be 4.3, 6.0 and 7.9 kg, respectively, the daily energy efficiency of the stills was observed to be 31%, 46% and 59%, respectively, and the daily exergy efficiency of the stills was recorded to be 1.67%, 2.20% and 3.75%, respectively. As the performance of the TSS-NPCM was enhanced, the cost of freshwater yield obtained was also low in contrast to the other two types of stills.

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18

Tang, Yi Da, Wen Heng Zheng, Zhong Hua Tang, and Ling Wang. "Preparation and Properties of Modified PolyGram Nano-Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.7.

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The nano-microencapsulated phase change materials were prepared ,with butyl stearate as core material, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) as dispersant and emulsifier, polyurea resin as shell material which was synthesized from monomer 2, 4- toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and diethylen etriamine (DETA),and was modified by glycerol, nanometer material(TiO2) as functional material. We have analyzed the compactness, stabilities, phase transition temperature, and bactericidal efficiency of microcapsules. The results show that the compactness properties and stabilities properties of the modified microcapsule, when the ratio of core material and shell material is 3:4, such as washing stability properties and thermal stability properties are obviously improved than that of non-modified, phase transition temperature rises from 23.2°C to 24.2°C,bactericidal efficiency of Nano-Micro-PCMs is 7~8 times more than that of separate using of nanometer material （TiO2）, modified polyurea Nano-Micro-PCMs may have extensive application prospects in the fields of architecture, textile and air-conditioning filtering materials.

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19

Javadi, Hossein, Javier F. Urchueguia, Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi, and Borja Badenes. "Numerical Study on the Thermal Performance of a Single U-Tube Borehole Heat Exchanger Using Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials." Energies 13, no. 19 (October 3, 2020): 5156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195156.

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To investigate the impacts of using nano-enhanced phase change materials on the thermal performance of a borehole heat exchanger in the summer season, a three-dimensional numerical model of a borehole heat exchanger is created in the present work. Seven nanoparticles including Cu, CuO, Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, multi-wall carbon nanotube, and graphene are added to the Paraffin. Considering the highest melting rate and lowest outlet temperature, the selected nano-enhanced phase change material is evaluated in terms of volume fraction (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) and then the shape (sphere, brick, cylinder, platelet, blade) of its nanoparticles. Based on the results, the Paraffin containing Cu and SiO2 nanoparticles are found to be the best and worst ones in thermal performance improvement, respectively. Moreover, it is indicated that the increase in the volume fraction of Cu nanoparticles could enhance markedly the melting rate, being 0.20 the most favorable value which increased up to 55% the thermal conductivity of the nano-enhanced phase change material compared to the pure phase change material. Furthermore, the blade shape is by far the most appropriate shape of the Cu nanoparticles by considering about 85% melting of the nano-enhanced phase change material.

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20

Wang, Fude, and Rusen Hou. "Numerical study of nano-particle composite paraffin phase change heat storage capsule." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2194, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2194/1/012011.

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Abstract The heat exchange characteristics of traditional heat exchange fluids such as water and oil in phase change heat storage can no longer meet the ever-increasing heat exchange requirements. The researchers found that by adding nano-scale particles to the basic phase change material (pure PCM) in a certain proportion to form a composite phase change material, the heat transfer characteristics of the material can be improved. In this paper, a model study of the phase change heat storage characteristics of the nano-particle composite paraffin wax phase change capsule with holes is carried out, and the effects of thermal disturbance, natural convection heat transfer and external convection heat transfer on the phase change heat storage are mainly studied. It is found that when nanoparticles are added to the phase change heat storage capsule, the composite phase change heat storage capsule formed by the phase change heat storage, the internal natural convection intensity increases, and with the increase of the particle share, the heat storage rate increases, and the heat exchange intensity increases.

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21

Yadav, Apurv, Bidyut Barman, Abhishek Kardam, S. Shankara Narayanan, Abhishek Verma, and VK Jain. "Thermal properties of nano-graphite-embedded magnesium chloride hexahydrate phase change composites." Energy & Environment 28, no. 7 (July 23, 2017): 651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x17721475.

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Phase change materials can provide large heat storage density with low volume. But their low thermal conductivity limits their heat transfer capabilities. Since carbonaceous nanoparticles have a good thermal conductivity they can be applied as an additive to phase change materials to increase their heat transfer rate. In this study, nano-graphite is used as an additive and the influences of its various concentrations on the thermal conductivity and melting and freezing rate for the nanoparticle-enhanced phase change materials is experimentally investigated. Experimental results indicates a reduction of 22% in melting time and a reduction of 75% in solidification time of 0.5% nano-graphite-embedded phase change material.

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22

Sivanathan, Amende, Qingqing Dou, Yuxuan Wang, Yunfeng Li, Jorge Corker, Yonghui Zhou, and Mizi Fan. "Phase change materials for building construction: An overview of nano-/micro-encapsulation." Nanotechnology Reviews 9, no. 1 (September 21, 2020): 896–921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0067.

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AbstractBuildings contribute to 40% of total global energy consumption, which is responsible to 38% of greenhouse gas emissions. It is critical to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings to mitigate global warming. In the last decade, advances in thermal energy storage (TES) techniques using phase change material (PCM) have gained much attention among researchers, mainly to reduce energy consumption and to promote the use of renewable energy sources such as solar energy. PCM technology is one of the most promising technologies available for the development of high performance and energy-efficient buildings and, therefore, considered as one of the most effective and on-going fields of research. The main limitation of PCM is its leakage problem which limits its potential use in building construction and other applications such as TES and textiles, which can be overcome by employing nano-/micro-encapsulation technologies. This paper comprehensively overviews the nano-/micro-encapsulation technologies, which are mainly classified into three categories including physical, physiochemical and chemical methods, and the properties of microcapsules prepared. Among all encapsulation technologies available, the chemical method is commonly used since it offers the best technological approach in terms of encapsulation efficiency and better structural integrity of core material. There is a need to develop a method for the synthesis of nano-encapsulated PCMs to achieve enhanced structural stability and better fracture resistance and, thus, longer service life. The accumulated database of properties/performance of PCMs and synthesised nano-/micro-capsules from various techniques presented in the paper should serve as the most useful information for the production of nano-/micro-capsules with desirable characteristics for building construction application and further innovation of PCM technology.

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23

Wu, Shuying, Xinyao Ma, Deqi Peng, and Yebin Bi. "The phase change property of lauric acid confined in carbon nanotubes as nano-encapsulated phase change materials." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 136, no. 6 (November 14, 2018): 2353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7906-3.

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24

Ashwin Ramanathan, Y., G. Anuradha, Harish Rajan, and R. Lakshmi Sriman. "Battery thermal management system using nano enhanced phase change materials." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 850, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/850/1/012031.

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Abstract Electric vehicles are being developed as a crucial tool in the fight against global warming and car pollution. As a result, battery heat management is critical for optimal operation in all climates in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Extreme or higher temperatures may cause the battery’s maximum voltage to drop and its durability to deteriorate. An effective battery cooling system is required for the safe operation of electric vehicles throughout their lifecycle. The current work involves the simulation of a battery thermal management system that employs nano-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCM). Ansys Fluent is used to conduct the numerical analysis. To test the thermal performance, paraffin wax is used as the base fluid, into which various combinations of nanoparticles such as Copper Oxide, Copper, and Multi Walled Carbon Tube (MWCNT) are disseminated. The parametric study is carried out by altering the battery temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction. The findings show that at large particle volume fractions, the battery system’s heat transmission properties are greatly improved. The findings of this study will aid in the identification of optimal NEPCMs with increased thermal performance.

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25

Lin, Y. "Three Dimensional Micro/Nano-structure Fabrication of Phase-change Film." Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering 3, no. 1 (January 2008): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2961/jlmn.2008.01.0010.

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26

Son, Ji Hoon, HongKyw Choi, Nakwon Jang, Hong Seung Kim, Dong Young Yi, and Seong Hwan Lee. "Size Effect of Nano Scale Phase Change Random Access Memory." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 3165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2010.2276.

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27

Lv, Hangbing, Yinyin Lin, Peng Zhou, Tingao Tang, Baowei Qiao, Yunfeng Lai, Jie Feng, and Bomy Chen. "A nano-scale-sized 3D element for phase change memories." Semiconductor Science and Technology 21, no. 8 (June 20, 2006): 1013–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/21/8/004.

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28

TAKEHARA, Kenji, Takashi AZUMA, Kiyoshi YOSHINAKA, Shu TAKAGI, Yoichiro MATSUMOTO, Satoshi YAMAGUCHI, Teruyuki NAGAMUNE, Ichiro SAKUMA, and Miyuki MAEZAWA. "2A14 A study of nano droplet's phase change by ultrasound." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2013.25 (2013): 259–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2013.25.259.

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29

Ohyanagi, T., and N. Takaura. "Characteristics of Nano-Crystalline Ge2Sb2Te5 Material for Phase Change Memory." ECS Transactions 50, no. 34 (April 1, 2013): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/05034.0039ecst.

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30

Sharma, S., L. Micheli, W. Chang, A. A. Tahir, K. S. Reddy, and T. K. Mallick. "Nano-enhanced Phase Change Material for thermal management of BICPV." Applied Energy 208 (December 2017): 719–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.09.076.

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31

Kim, Sookyung, Xue Zhe Li, Sangbin Lee, Kyung-Ho Kim, and Seung-Yop Lee. "Nano-pulsed laser irradiation scanning system for phase-change materials." Ultramicroscopy 108, no. 10 (September 2008): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.04.068.

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32

Al-Jethelah, Manar S. M., Syeda Humaira Tasnim, Shohel Mahmud, and Animesh Dutta. "Melting of nano-phase change material inside a porous enclosure." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 102 (November 2016): 773–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.06.070.

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33

Trofimov, Pavel I., Irina G. Bessonova, Petr I. Lazarenko, Demid A. Kirilenko, Nikolay A. Bert, Sergey A. Kozyukhin, and Ivan S. Sinev. "Laser induced tunable Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change gratings." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2015, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2015/1/012154.

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Анотація:

Abstract Periodic photonic nano- and microstructures are routinely used for light manipulation at the nanoscale. However, their fabrication process is demanding in terms of time, cost and facilities. Here we demonstrate a rapid laser-assisted method for fabrication of gratings in Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) thin films, based on the formation of laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). LIPSS formation mechanisms dependent on the wavelength of the operating laser, lead to high flexibility of the process, producing gratings with tunable period and orientation with respect to the initial laser polarization. The phase-change properties of GST, on the other hand, allows to fabricate phase gratings with strong modulation of refractive index, which are rewritable in nature.

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34

Bartlett, Philip N., Sophie L. Benjamin, C. H. (Kees) de Groot, Andrew L. Hector, Ruomeng Huang, Andrew Jolleys, Gabriela P. Kissling, et al. "Non-aqueous electrodeposition of functional semiconducting metal chalcogenides: Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change memory." Materials Horizons 2, no. 4 (2015): 420–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5mh00030k.

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35

Zhang, Ying Chen, J. N. Huang, Hong Yan Wu, and Y. P. Qiu. "Nano Effects of Helium-Plasma Treatment Nano-SiO₂ Coating Vectran." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.700.

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The plasticity treatment of APPJ on microstructure and tensile deformation of Nano SiO2 coating Vectran in the dynamic states was investigated by specialized tensile testing at room temperature. With the addition of low-temperature Helium plasma treatment, Young's modulus and yield stress changed. It was found that micro structural parameter such as the activation volume was important to describe the Nano SiO2 coating Vectran and inter-phase strength between filaments and coating. The results of different APPJ treatments on the Nano SiO2 coating Vectran showed the change of the rate sensitivity of the filaments. The flow stress dependence of the strain rate sensitivity indicated that dynamical recover processes associated with the dislocation-dislocation interactions, which develop in the APPJ treatment Nano SiO2 coating Vectran and Vectran after small amount of deformation, leaded to strain localizations and early failure. Results revealed that APPJ treatment Nano SiO2 coating Vectran and the inter-phase would enhance the ductility of Vecetran at room temperature.

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36

Chaichan, Miqdam T., Rasha Mohammed Hussein, and Aida Mohammed Jawad. "Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Iraqi Origin Paraffin Wax by Nano-Alumina." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/kej.2017.02.003.

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Abstract Paraffin wax is utilized for the heat storage applications taking advantage from the high stored latent heat during the phase change (from solid to fluid) period. What isn't right with this procedure is that the wax has a little heat transfer rate because of its low thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity improvement of the paraffin wax has been examined utilizing nano-material with high thermal conductivity. In the recent study, (Al2O3) nanoparticles with weights of 1, 2, and 3% of the paraffin wax were added to the paraffin wax. The Iraqi paraffin wax accessible at the local markets was utilized as a phase change material (PCM). Many properties of the wax were changed due to the addition of nanofillers. The wax color was changed from light brown to white. The thermal conductivity of the paraffin wax was expanded by increasing the additional nanoparticles extent with 37.1, 42.3 and 60.32% for 1, 2 and 3% added nano-Al2O3 compared to pure wax conditions. The subsequent change in the thermal conductivity of the paraffin wax makes it reasonable for the use in thermal storage applications. Keywords: Latent heat, Nano-alumina, Paraffin wax, Thermal storage,

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37

Zhou, Yan, Yan Wang, Jin Hui ZHang, and Qing Ling Li. "Hot Probe Method for Measuring Thermal Conductivity of Copper Nano-Particles/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials." Key Engineering Materials 561 (July 2013): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.561.428.

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Hot probe method for measuring thermal conductivity has the advantages of easy operation, time saving, high accuracy and low poison. In this study, experimental device with high precision for measuring thermal conductivity by hot probe was designed. The measurement error of experimental device is less than 2.4%. This experimental device was used to measure thermal conductivities of pure paraffin (octadecane) and copper nano-particles/octadecane composite phase change materials (PCMs). The composite PCMs were prepared with copper nano-particles doping levels of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1and 2 wt%. The experimental results showed that hot probe method is an effective method to measure the thermal conductivities of PCMs; copper nano-particles added into paraffin can improve thermal conductivity effectively. What’s more, the thermal conductivities of PCMs increase with the growing mass fraction of copper nano-particles.

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38

Liu, Xinyi, Zhixiong Guo, Jifen Wang, and Huaqing Xie. "A new strategy for simultaneous photoluminescence and thermal energy storage/release: Microencapsulated phase change materials via nano-Y₂O₃ modified PW@CaCO₃." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 4 (January 28, 2023): 044902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127543.

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A multifunctional microencapsulated phase change material (PW@CaCO3/Y2O3) with both photoluminescence and thermal energy storage/release properties has been prepared by in situ polymerization. The material is based on the phase change material paraffin wax (PW) as its core, and the highly thermally conductive inorganic material CaCO3 is selected as the shell material to which a nano-Y2O3 material is attached. Five samples with different amounts of nano-Y2O3 incorporated in the shell are prepared. The microscopic morphology, chemical composition, crystal structure, thermal energy storage properties, thermal conductivity, thermal stability, as well as fluorescence spectra and intensities of the samples are experimentally measured and compared. The luminescence properties of nano-Y2O3 and the light enhancement phenomenon of microencapsulated phase change materials are also analyzed. The thermal properties are investigated, and it is found that the PC-Y3 sample (i.e., the mass ratio of PW:CaCO3:nano-Y2O3 is 100:100:3.0) exhibits the best thermal performance among the five samples with a melting enthalpy of (87.5 ± 2.5) J/g, an encapsulation efficiency of (61.9 ± 1.2)%, a thermal energy storage efficiency of (62.1 ± 1.5)%, an average specific heat capacity of (1.38 ± 0.21) kJ/(kg K) in solid phase (10–20 °C) and (1.46 ± 0.02) kJ/(kg K) in liquid phase (70–80 °C), and a thermal conductivity of (1.55 ± 0.01) W/(m K) in solid phase that is six times that of the solid PW. A study of the optical properties revealed that the microcapsules emitted blue light at an excitation wavelength of 290.0 ± 2.2 nm. The fluorescence intensity appeared to be enhanced with the addition of nano-Y2O3. This microencapsulated phase change material has potential applications in areas where synchronization of fluorescence and thermal modulation is required; for example, some specific fluorescent sensors that are very sensitive to heat should operate at a fixed low temperature.

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39

Paul, John, Mahendran Samykano, Adarsh Kumar Pandey, Kumaran Kadirgama, and Vineeth Veer Tyagi. "Nano Engineered Paraffin-Based Phase Change Material for Building Thermal Management." Buildings 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2023): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13040900.

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Thermal energy storage (TES) and harvesting is an effective technique for optimum building thermal management. Phase-change materials (PCMs) are commonly used for TES applications but are troubled by their degraded thermal conductivity. Recent research progress in latent heat energy storage using PCMs and nano additives provides a viable solution for solar TES. A series of hybrid nano-enhanced phase change materials (HNePCMs) were prepared via two-step synthesis. Hybrid graphene–silver nanofillers were dispersed in commercial paraffin (melting point 25 °C) under different dispersion rates (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%). Different characterization techniques, e.g., FESEM, FT-IR, UV-VIS, TGA, XRD, DSC, and Tempos, were used in material characterization. A maximum enhancement of 6.7% in latent heat and 5% in heat storage efficiency was noted for nanocomposites with 0.3 wt% of additives. The nanocomposite with 0.3 Wt% showed great potential in shielding UV rays and showed a reduction of 6.5% in bandgap energy. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of samples was boosted by a maximum of 90% (from 0.2 W/mK-0.39 W/mK) with 0.3 wt% dispersion of graphene–silver nanofillers. The thermophysical characterization results establish that the synthesized paraffin/graphene–silver hybrid nanocomposites are well suited for building thermal management.

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40

Feng, Yan-Hui, Dai-Li Feng, Fu-Qiang Chu, Lin Qiu, Fang-Yuan Sun, Lin Lin, and Xin-Xin Zhang. "Thermal design frontiers of nano-assembled phase change materials for heat storage." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 1 (2022): 016501. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211776.

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The present paper briefly reviews the development progress of solid-liquid phase change materials, particularly the nano-porous shape-stabilized phase change materials. We outline the designs and syntheses of the heat storage functional materials and the thermophysical mechanism of loading, crystallization, and thermal transport in nano-confined space. Besides, the remarkable methods to enhance the heat storage and release performance of heterogeneous materials are included. However, at present, the single-size porous materials cannot satisfy the requirements for high heat storage/release rate and great thermal energy density simultaneously. Based on this, the novel hierarchical porous frameworks materials are explored to overcome these obstacles. For this purpose, some scientific problems, opportunities, and challenges are summarized at the end of this paper.

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41

Rao, Zhonghao, Xinyu You, Yutao Huo, and Xinjian Liu. "Dissipative particle dynamics study of nano-encapsulated thermal energy storage phase change material." RSC Adv. 4, no. 74 (2014): 39552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra07104b.

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42

Hosseini, M., M. Shirvani, and A. Azarmanesh. "Solidification Of Nano-enhanced Phase Change Material (nepcm) In An Enclosure." Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science 08, no. 01 (January 15, 2014): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22436/jmcs.08.01.02.

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43

Daneshazarian, Reza, Sylvie Antoun, and Seth B. Dworkin. "Performance Assessment of Nano-enhanced Phase Change Material for Thermal Storage." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 173 (July 2021): 121256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121256.

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44

Tselepi, Marina, Costas Prouskas, Dimitrios G. Papageorgiou, Isaac E. Lagaris, and Georgios A. Evangelakis. "Graphene-Based Phase Change Composite Nano-Materials for Thermal Storage Applications." Energies 15, no. 3 (February 6, 2022): 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031192.

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We report results concerning the functionalization of graphene-based nanoplatelets for improving the thermal energy storage capacity of commonly used phase change materials (PCMs). The goal of this study was to enhance the low thermal conductivity of the PCMs, while preserving their specific and latent heats. We focused on wax-based PCMs, and we tested several types of graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) at a set of different concentrations. Both the size and shape of the GNPs were found to be important factors affecting the PCM’s thermal properties. These were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry measurements and a modified enthalpy-based water bath method. We found that a small addition of GNPs (1% weight) with high aspect ratio is sufficient to double the thermal conductivity of several widely used PCMs. Our results suggest a simple and efficient procedure for improving the thermal properties of PCMs used in thermal energy storage applications.

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45

Guo, Xuan, Yifeng Hu, Qingqian Chou, Tianshu Lai, Rui Zhang, and Xiaoqin Zhu. "Phase Change Behavior of Sn20Sb80/Si Nano-Composite Multilayer Thin Films." ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 7, no. 11 (2018): P647—P650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0131811jss.

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46

Chamoli, Sandeep Kumar, Gopal Verma, Subhash C. Singh, and Chunlei Guo. "Phase change material-based nano-cavity as an efficient optical modulator." Nanotechnology 32, no. 9 (December 9, 2020): 095207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/abcb7a.

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47

TOTANI, Tsuyoshi, Toshifumi SATOH, Masashi WAKITA, and Harunori NAGATA. "Heat Storage Material without Phase-change for Micro and Nano Satellite." TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN 12, ists29 (2014): Po_4_1—Po_4_5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2322/tastj.12.po_4_1.

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48

Sato, Yu, Shohei Kanazawa, and Toshiharu Saiki. "Near-infrared nano-imaging spectroscopy using a phase change mask method." Microscopy 63, suppl 1 (October 30, 2014): i10.2—i10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfu089.

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49

Lin, Shih Kai, Peilin Yang, I. Chun Lin, Hao Wen Hsu, and Din Ping Tsai. "Resolving Nano Scale Recording Bits on Phase-Change Rewritable Optical Disk." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 45, no. 2B (February 24, 2006): 1431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.45.1431.

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50

Rao, Z. H., S. H. Wang, Y. L. Zhang, G. Q. Zhang, and J. Y. Zhang. "Thermal Properties of Paraffin/Nano-AlN Phase Change Energy Storage Materials." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 36, no. 20 (August 18, 2014): 2281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.590869.

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