Статті в журналах: "Mussels Effect of heavy metals on"

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Saad, Aziza A., Amany El-Sikaily, and Hany Kassem. "Metallothionein and Glutathione Content as Biomarkers of Metal Pollution in Mussels and Local Fishermen in Abu Qir Bay, Egypt." Journal of Health and Pollution 6, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-6-12.50.

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Background. When heavy metals accumulate in air, soil, and water, the risk of human exposure increases among industrial workers, as well as in people living near polluted areas. Heavy metals adversely affect a variety of bodily systems such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems. In addition, long-term exposure and accumulation of heavy metals in the body may disturb oxidative stress genes and thus increase the susceptibility to various diseases. Objectives. The aim of this study is to estimate the metallothionein concentration in both mussel samples from Abu Qir Bay, Egypt and the blood of local fishermen as a biomarker of exposure to metal pollution. Methods. Levels of metallothionein and heavy metals were measured in mussels. Blood levels of metallothionein and heavy metals of local fishermen were measured and compared with a control group. The effect of heavy metal exposure on oxidative stress status was investigated through the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase and glutathione content. Results. The results of this study showed high concentrations of metallothionein in mussels and in fishermen's blood, accompanied by high concentrations of metals such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). At the same time, a significant decrease in glutathione content and catalase enzyme activity was associated with a significant increase in the malondialdehyde concentrations in sera of fishermen. Conclusions. The present study found that the El Maadiya region is polluted with heavy metals, inducing oxidative stress in fishermen in the vicinity. These results reveal the necessity of further environmental monitoring in the study area in order to evaluate other types of pollutants and their effects on human health.

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Kaitala, S. "Multiple Toxicity and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Two Bivalve Mollusc Species." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 6-7 (June 1, 1988): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0185.

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Single and combined additions of copper (0.2 mg/l), zinc (0.4 mg/l) and manganese (2 mg/l) were used to examine the multiple accumulation and toxicity of these metals in sessile blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. and burrowing clam Macoma baltica (L.) in a 23-factorial experiment. Concentrations of metals were analysed with atom absorption spectrometry. The accumulation of metals and their toxicity were determined by regression analyses. The presence of copper ions stimulated the accumulation of zinc and manganese in mussels so that the concentration of manganese was 100 % and zinc 25 % higher than without copper additions. In accumulation of manganese and copper in clams, other metals did not have any effect and zinc did not accumulate at all. The values of lethality (LC50) were 127/µg Cu/l for mussels in 8 days and 54 µg Cu/l for clams in 10 days.

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Pospelova, N. V., V. N. Egorov, N. S. Chelyadina, and M. V. Nekhoroshev. "The copper content in the organs and tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 and the flow of its sedimentary deposition into bottom sediments in the farms of the Black Sea aquaculture." Marine Biological Journal 3, no. 4 (December 28, 2018): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2018.03.4.07.

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The role of mussels in formation of water chemical composition is determined by the peculiarities of sorption and trophodynamic processes. Copper is a vital element, but of ten metals the toxic effect of which was tested for the survival of mussel and oyster embryos, copper is following mercury. Studying the regularities of copper content change during mussel ontogeny allows to determine both sanitary and hygienic risks of mussel product use during the mollusks cultivation in mariculture and the biogeochemical role in the formation of the chemical composition of the marine water near mussel farms. The purpose of this work is to determine the copper content in the organs and tissues of the mussels during seasonal course of mollusks ontogenesis, to analyze the degree of copper assimilation along the food path of mineral nutrition using the mathematical model and empirical data and to assess the influence of marine farms on the copper exchange processes in the coastal ecosystem. The mollusks were collected from the mussel farm located in the external roadstead of Sevastopol. Studying the copper content in the environment – mussel – biodeposition system, a method of atomic absorption spectroscopy with electrothermal atomization was used. A general model illustrating the process of copper exchange between the mussels and the water environment is presented. Equations for determining the degree of assimilation of metal from food (q) and the limiting coefficient of food accumulation of metal (Кп) are proposed based on the results of measurements of its concentrations in the mussels’ diet, soft tissue and their biodeposition without using radioactive trace elements. The values of the copper removal by the mussel farm were calculated. The role of cultivated mollusks in the heavy metals precipitation was shown.

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Chelyadina, N. S., M. A. Popov, N. V. Pospelova, and L. L. Smirnova. "Sex inversion in the Black Sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 under the influence of heavy metals." Marine Biological Journal 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2019.04.3.11.

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Heavy metals may be one of the factors causing a change in sexual structure in the settlements of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. cultivated on the Sevastopol seaside. The aim of the work was to study the influence of Zn+2, Cd+2, Pb+2, Hg+2, Cu+2 ions on the sex inversion of cultivated mussels during spring post spawning of gonads. Chronic intoxication of female mussel at ion concentration of 2 MPC was carried out for a month in laboratory conditions. After 3 months of a natural experiment, the sex of each mollusc was individually examined by the method of visual study of gonad smears. The sex inversion of the females occurred under the influence of all heavy metals. The maximum shares of males were observed after the influence of Cu+2 and Pb+2 – 65 and 52 %, respectively. Both laboratory and natural experiments showed high toxic effect of Cu+2 and Hg+2 ions, with female mortality reaching 33 and 13 %, respectively.

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Liberatori, Giulia, Giacomo Grassi, Patrizia Guidi, Margherita Bernardeschi, Andrea Fiorati, Vittoria Scarcelli, Massimo Genovese, et al. "Effect-Based Approach to Assess Nanostructured Cellulose Sponge Removal Efficacy of Zinc Ions from Seawater to Prevent Ecological Risks." Nanomaterials 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10071283.

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To encourage the applicability of nano-adsorbent materials for heavy metal ion removal from seawater and limit any potential side effects for marine organisms, an ecotoxicological evaluation based on a biological effect-based approach is presented. ZnCl2 (10 mg L−1) contaminated artificial seawater (ASW) was treated with newly developed eco-friendly cellulose-based nanosponges (CNS) (1.25 g L−1 for 2 h), and the cellular and tissue responses of marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were measured before and after CNS treatment. A control group (ASW only) and a negative control group (CNS in ASW) were also tested. Methods: A significant recovery of Zn-induced damages in circulating immune and gill cells and mantle edges was observed in mussels exposed after CNS treatment. Genetic and chromosomal damages reversed to control levels in mussels’ gill cells (DNA integrity level, nuclear abnormalities and apoptotic cells) and hemocytes (micronuclei), in which a recovery of lysosomal membrane stability (LMS) was also observed. Damage to syphons, loss of cilia by mantle edge epithelial cells and an increase in mucous cells in ZnCl2-exposed mussels were absent in specimens after CNS treatment, in which the mantle histology resembled that of the controls. No effects were observed in mussels exposed to CNS alone. As further proof of CNS’ ability to remove Zn(II) from ASW, a significant reduction of >90% of Zn levels in ASW after CNS treatment was observed (from 6.006 to 0.510 mg L−1). Ecotoxicological evaluation confirmed the ability of CNS to remove Zn from ASW by showing a full recovery of Zn-induced toxicological responses to the levels of mussels exposed to ASW only (controls). An effect-based approach was thus proven to be useful in order to further support the environmentally safe (ecosafety) application of CNS for heavy metal removal from seawater.

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Lopes-Lima, Manuel, Susana Freitas, Liliana Pereira, Eugenia Gouveia, Mariana Hinzmann, Antonio Checa, and Jorge Machado. "Ionic regulation and shell mineralization in the bivalve Anodonta cygnea (swan mussel) following heavy-metal exposure." Canadian Journal of Zoology 90, no. 2 (February 2012): 267–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-129.

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Freshwater mussels are one of the most imperiled faunistic groups in the world and environmental exposure to toxic heavy metals, which result in deregulation of calcium absorption and deposition in the laboratory, may be a contributing factor in their decline. To address potential effects of heavy-metal exposure on calcium transport and metabolism in freshwater bivalves, adult Anodonta cygnea (L., 1758) were exposed to a sublethal concentration (1.0 × 10−6 mol/L) of essential (Zn2+ and Cu2+) or nonessential (Pb2+ and Cr3+) metal for 30 days in the laboratory. Inorganic composition of extrapallial, haemolymph, heart, and pericardium fluids, and kidney tissue, as well as shell morphology by scanning electron microscopy, were compared in treated and untreated mussels. Calcium levels in fluids varied after exposure to any of the metals investigated, although the magnitude and threshold of effect were metal- and compartment-specific. Ca2+ levels increased robustly in all fluids following exposure to Zn2+, Cu2+, or Cr3+, whereas levels decreased significantly in heart fluid alone following Pb2+ exposure (p < 0.05). In constrast to exposure to the other metals, Cu2+ revealed an interesting reverse-accumulation pattern, decreasing in the fluids but not in the kidney, where it clearly accumulates for excretion. In addition, whereas essential Cu2+ and Zn2+ are closely regulated, the nonessential metals Pb2+ and Cr3+ increase to very high levels. Drastic alterations in shell morphology, specifically the structure of border and inner pallial regions of the nacreous layer, were observed after Cu2+ or Cr3+ exposure. Collectively, data suggest that prolonged exposure to a sublethal concentration of these heavy metals can adversely affect compartmental calcium availability and shell composition in A. cygnea.

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Naimo, Teresa J. "A review of the effects of heavy metals on freshwater mussels." Ecotoxicology 4, no. 6 (December 1995): 341–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00118870.

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Gagné, F., C. Gagnon, P. Turcotte, and C. Blaise. "Changes in Metallothionein Levels in Freshwater Mussels Exposed to Urban Wastewaters: Effects from Exposure to Heavy Metals?" Biomarker Insights 2 (January 2007): 117727190700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117727190700200012.

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Municipal effluents are complex mixtures of compounds such as heavy metals, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, and micro-organisms and are released in aquatic ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to verify whether changes in metallothioneins (MT) were associated with the accumulation of labile metals in tissue of freshwater mussels exposed to the dispersion plume of a major municipal effluent. Mussels were placed in experimental cages deployed at sites 1.5 km upstream, 8 km downstream and 12 km downstream of the outfall of a major, primary-treated municipal effluent in the St. Lawrence River (Québec, Canada). Mussels were analysed for MT and labile zinc levels in their gonads, gills and digestive glands. Lipogenic enzyme (isocitrate and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) and arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase (COX) activities were also measured in gonad and gill tissues. Although MT was induced in all the tissues examined, the results showed that labile zinc levels were significantly reduced in gill and gonad tissues, with an increase observed only at the 12 km downstream site in the digestive gland. COX activity was readily induced in gills and gonads. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was reduced at both downstream sites, but isocitrate dehydrogenase activity was significantly induced at the farthest (12 km) site. Analysis of covariance revealed that MT levels in gills were more influenced by COX activity than with distance in the dispersion plume and was negatively correlated with labile zinc levels. In conclusion, MT induction was inversely related to the levels of labile zinc but positively so with the inflammation biomarker COX. Hence, the induction of MT in mussels exposed to the municipal effluent of a large city appears to be associated with either inflammatory processes or as compensation for the loss of labile essential metals. We propose that the simple and complimentary parameters of labile zinc and COX evaluations be used to link MT induction with divalent heavy metal exposure in environmental studies dealing with various type of contaminants in such complex contaminant mixture effluents.

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Viarengo, Aldo, Bruno Burlando, Maria Cavaletto, Barbara Marchi, Enrica Ponzano, and Julián Blasco. "Role of metallothionein against oxidative stress in the musselMytilus galloprovincialis." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 277, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): R1612—R1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.6.r1612.

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Metallothionein (MT) is a sulfhydryl-rich protein involved mainly in heavy metal homeostasis and detoxification. In this study, the use of the mussel as an experimental model allowed us to test MT antioxidant properties at the molecular, cellular, and organism level. MT induction was achieved by mussel exposure to Cd (200 μg/l) in aquaria for 7 days followed by detoxification in the sea for 28 days. Cd-preexposed and nonexposed mussels were then treated with Fe (300–600 μg/l) in aquaria for 3 days. Biochemical assays on digestive gland tissue showed that treatment with Fe led to a significant increase in oxyradical production and malondialdehyde level only in mussels not preexposed to Cd. The Cd-dependent resistance to oxidative stress was ascribed to MT induction, as Cd produced no significant variation of reduced glutathione and major antioxidant enzymes. Digital imaging of isolated digestive gland cells showed lower oxyradical rise and higher viability in cells from Cd-preexposed mussels after treatments with 0.5–5 mM H2O2. Analyses on whole organisms showed that anoxic survival was lowered in mussels that had been treated with Fe, but such an effect was less pronounced in Cd-preexposed mussels compared with nonpreexposed ones. In conclusion, data suggest an antioxidant role for MT, which seems to occur through oxyradical scavenging and is able to protect both isolated cells and the entire organism from oxidative stress.

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Kasmi, Khaoula, Kamal Belhaj, and Abdelhafid Chafi. "Physico-chemical characterization of water and metallic contamination of Mytilus galloprovincialis in the coastal zone of Saidia." E3S Web of Conferences 298 (2021): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129803003.

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Water is a vital natural resource for life. The metal pollution of aquatic ecosystems is increasing due to the effects of urbanization and industrialization. As a result, heavy metals contamination has become a serious threat to public health because of their toxicity, long persistence, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in the food chain. This investigation aims to evaluate seawater's Physico-chemical quality and assess the contamination risks of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels by Cadmium, Zinc, Iron, and Copper. The study was carried out in three stations of Saidia coast during July 2019. The seawater was analyzed for its Physico-chemical parameters, and ICP-AES determined the heavy metals content in mussels. The results show that the tested water has a pH value ranging between 7.48-7.62 with nitrate and nitrite content range between 0-4.78 mg/L, 0.007-0.181 mg/L, respectively. The recorded water conductivity and oxydability values ranged from 22 to 55 mS/cm and from 5.67 to 10.47 mg/L. The mean concentration found in the mussels were in decreasing order, Iron (13.5 mg/kg), Zinc (2.3 mg/kg), Copper (0.65 mg/kg) and Cadmium (0.02 mg/kg), respectively. The obtained results indicate that all values are below the threshold recommended by Food and agriculture organization and world health organization.

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Khan, Muhammad Iftikhar, Muhammad Khisroon, Ajmal Khan, Naila Gulfam, Muhammad Siraj, Farrah Zaidi, Ahmadullah, et al. "Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Tissues and Their Histopathological Effects on Anodonta cygnea (Linea, 1876) in Kabul River, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1910274.

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The present investigation aimed to assess the concentrations of selected heavy metals in water and sediments and their bioaccumulation in tissues of freshwater mussels and their histopathological effects on the digestive gland, gills, and gonads of Anodonta cygnea. Water, sediments, and freshwater mussel samples were collected at four sites, that is, reference and polluted sites, along the Kabul River, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The polluted sites were receiving effluents from the industrial, agricultural, municipal, and domestic sources. The order of metals in the water was Zn>Pb>Ni>Cu>Mn>Fe>Cr>Cd, in sediments the order was Fe>Zn>Cr>Ni>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cd, and in the soft tissues the order was Fe>Zn>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd. Histopathological alterations observed in polluted sites of Kabul River were inflammation, hydropic vacuolation, and lipofuscin pigments (in digestive gland), gill lamellar fusion, dilated hemolymphatic sinus, clumping, and generation of cilia and hemocytic infiltration (in gills), and atresia, necrosis, granulocytoma, hemocytic infiltration, and lipofuscin pigments (in gonads). The histopathological alterations in the organs of Anodonta cygnea can be considered as reliable biomarkers in biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems.

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BAJC, ZLATKA, and ANDREJ KIRBIŠ. "Trace Element Concentrations in Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Gulf of Trieste, Slovenia." Journal of Food Protection 82, no. 3 (February 21, 2019): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-378.

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ABSTRACT The concentrations of the trace elements zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and iron (Fe) were examined in Mediterranean blue mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Northern Adriatic Sea to determine whether there were site differences and seasonal variations in metal concentrations and to evaluate the potential health risks of consumption of these mussels to humans. Mussels were collected between January and October 2015 from three Slovenian shellfish harvesting areas and from a lighthouse near Debeli Rtič. The concentrations of elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The amount of each element decreased in the following order: Fe > Zn > (As, Mn) > (Cu, Cr) > (Ni, Co) > (Cd, Pb) > Hg. Statistical analysis revealed that time, that is, the month of sampling, significantly affected the concentrations of elements in mussels (P < 0.05). The concentrations of Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Hg, and Pb were highest between January and March and lowest between May and September. The concentrations of other elements in mussels were not higher or lower for several consecutive months, but occasionally (some months) lower or higher content was detected. The sampling site had a statistically significant effect only on the content of Cd, Pb, and Hg in mussels (P < 0.05). The lowest level of these elements was found in mussels from Seča, and the highest levels of Hg and Pb were found in mussels from Debeli Rtič. Debeli Rtič is, among all sampling points, closest to the outflow of the Soča River that brings heavy metals into the Northern Adriatic Sea from a closed Hg mine. Because the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Hg in all analyzed samples were below the maximum level permitted by Commission Regulation No 1881/2006, mussels were suitable for human consumption.

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Nelson, D. A., J. E. Miller, and A. Calabrese. "Effect of heavy metals on bay scallops, surf clams, and blue mussels in acute and long-term exposures." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17, no. 5 (September 1988): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01055828.

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Khan, Muhammad Iftikhar, Muhammad Zahoor, Ajmal Khan, Naila Gulfam, and Muhammad Khisroon. "Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals and their Genotoxic Effect on Freshwater Mussel." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 102, no. 1 (November 15, 2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-018-2492-4.

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Cheung, S. G., and Richard Y. H. Cheung. "Effects of heavy metals on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion in green-lipped mussels (Perna viridis)." Marine Pollution Bulletin 31, no. 4-12 (April 1995): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(95)00137-c.

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Ribeiro, André, André Mota, Jorge Araújo, Cândida Vilarinho, and Joana Carvalho. "Effect of Mussel Shells as a Permeable Reactive Barrier in Municipal Sewage Sludge Treatment by Electrokinetic Remediation." Materials Science Forum 1013 (October 2020): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1013.81.

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IIn this work, it was evaluate the utilization of mussel shells (raw and calcinated) as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the treatment of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) contaminated with heavy metals, creating a novel combined system, which integrates two technologies: electrokinetic remediation technology, and adsorption by the utilization of mussel shells adsorbents. Regarding the adsorption process into the mussel shells adsorbents, it was also aimed to study the influence of aragonite and calcite on the adsorption of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). For the preparation of the PRB, it was used three adsorbents: MEXMT (raw mussel shells); MEXMT 600 (mussel shells calcinated at 600°C) and finally, a commercial calcium carbonate (CCCom). It was applied an electric current of 1 V cm-1 and it was used an adsorbent/sludge ratio of 30 g kg-1 of contaminated sludge for the preparation of the PRB. Results proved that this process is perfectly suited for the removal of the heavy metals understudy from the sludge, especially with MEXMT (raw mussel shells) adsorbent. With this adsorbent, at the end of the 92 hours of operation time, it was obtained high removal rates for each metal in study. Results demonstrate that higher removals rates were achieved in lead (92%), followed by zinc (82%), copper (76%), and finally chromium with 72%. Based on these results, it was proved the technical viability of the proposed technology (electrokinetic remediation with raw mussel shells as a permeable reactive barrier) to treat municipal sewage sludges.

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Joksimovic, Danijela, and Slavka Stankovic. "The trace metals accumulation in marine organisms of the southeastern Adriatic coast, Montenegro." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 77, no. 1 (2012): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc110323159j.

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The concentration and accumulation of trace metals (Co, Ni, As, Cd, Pb and Hg) were measured in sea water, sediments and marine organisms in the coastline of the Montenegro. The obtained results of trace metals in seagrass and mussels were compared with those found in the water column and sediment. Sampling was performed in the fall of 2005 at five locations in the Montenegrin coastline, Sveta Stasija, Herceg Novi, Zanjice, Budva and Bar, which present different levels and sources of human impact. The heavy metals analyses in seawater, sediment, P. oceanica and M. galloprovincialis identified the harbor of Bar as the most Hg-contaminated site, Zanjice as the most As contaminated and Sveta Stasija as the most Pb-contaminated areas of the Montenegrin coastal area. This study showed that P. oceanica may have a greater bioaccumulation capacity than M. galloprovincialis for the considered metals, except for As and Hg, and both organisms may reflect contamination in the water column and in the sediment. For the first time, seagrass P. oceanica and M. galloprovincialis were employed as metal bioindicators for the southeastern Adriatic. The results of this study could serve as a baseline in the future for the assessment of anthropogenic effects in this marine ecosystem.

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Mizrahi, L., and Y. Achituv. "Effect of heavy metals ions on enzyme activity in the mediterranean mussel,Donax trunculus." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 42, no. 6 (June 1989): 854–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01701626.

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Viarengo, A., G. Mancinelli, M. Pertica, R. Fabbri, and M. Orunesu. "Effects of heavy metals on the Ca2+-ATPase activity present in gill cell plasma-membrane of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.)." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 106, no. 3 (November 1993): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(93)90223-8.

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Rajalekshmi, P., and A. Mohandas. "Effect of heavy metals on tissue glycogen levels in the freshwater mussel, Lamellidens corrianus (Lea)." Science of The Total Environment 134 (January 1993): 617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(05)80064-6.

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GORAN, Gheorghe Valentin, Liliana TUDOREANU, Aura MOCANU, Emanuela BADEA, and Victor CRIVINEANU. "Influence of Thermal Preparation Method on Mineral Composition of Mussels." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 75, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:0005.

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This study focuses on evaluation of the effects of 3 different thermal preparation methods (boiling, roasting, microwaving) on mineral concentrations of mussels from Bucharest market. The mineral content in raw and cooked mussel samples was evaluated by ICP-OES and relative humidity of raw and cooked mussels by thermogravimetry. Se level in microwaved samples was significantly decreased compared to raw and the other 2 cooked mussel samples. Zn concentration in raw samples was not significantly different compared to those in roasted samples. Fe level was insignificantly different between boiled and roasted samples and significantly lowers in microwaved samples. Ni, Pb, and Se levels were significantly higher in boiled samples, and Cd levels were insignificantly different reported to cooking method. The percentage of water loss during roasting was lower than the other 2 thermal preparation methods. Potassium concentrations in cooked mussels were higher compared to raw ones. Mineral concentrations were highest in roasted samples and heavy metal concentrations in boiled mussels.

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Salánki, János, and László Hiripi. "Effect of heavy metals on the serotonin and dopamine systems in the central nervous system of the freshwater mussel (Anodonta cygnea L.)." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology 95, no. 2 (January 1990): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(90)90122-p.

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Bhamre, P. R., and A. E. Desai. "Impact of heavy metal compounds on oxygen consumption of freshwater mussel Lamellidens consobrinus (Lea)." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 2, no. 1 (March 19, 2012): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.2(1).p01-04.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the toxic effects of heavy metal compoundsÂ like Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and Zinc sulphate (ZnSo4) on respiratoryÂ metabolism of the freshwater mussel Lamellidens consobrinus.The effectÂ was observed for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h exposure. On exposure of musselsÂ to toxic concentrations the respiratory metabolic rate was found profoundlyÂ decreased after two hours of intoxication in Cadmium chloride (0.0863 Â±Â 0.0032 mg/gm/l/h) and Zinc sulphate (0.1517 Â± .0018 mg/gm/l/h). The oxygenÂ consumption was continuously decreased up to 96 h in CdCl2 (0.0303 Â±Â 0.0019 mg/gm/l/h) and ZnSo4 (0.0746. Â± 0.0019 mg/gm/l/h).The decrease inÂ metabolic rate was more prominent in cadmium chloride than zinc sulphate.Â This impact may be due to inhibition of enzymatic pathways and osmoregulatoryÂ response which depends on the time of exposure to heavy metal compoundsÂ used for experimental work.

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Guidi, Patrizia, Margherita Bernardeschi, Mara Palumbo, Massimo Genovese, Vittoria Scarcelli, Andrea Fiorati, Laura Riva, Carlo Punta, Ilaria Corsi, and Giada Frenzilli. "Suitability of a Cellulose-Based Nanomaterial for the Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Freshwaters: A Case-Study Showing the Recovery of Cadmium Induced DNA Integrity Loss, Cell Proliferation Increase, Nuclear Morphology and Chromosomal Alterations on Dreissena polymorpha." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2020): 1837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091837.

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The contamination of freshwaters by heavy metals represents a great problem, posing a threat for human and environmental health. Cadmium is classified as carcinogen to humans and its mechanism of carcinogenicity includes genotoxic events. In this study a recently developed eco-friendly cellulose-based nanosponge (CNS) was investigated as a candidate in freshwater nano-remediation process. For this purpose, CdCl2 (0.05 mg L−1) contaminated artificial freshwater (AFW) was treated with CNS (1.25 g L−1 for 2 h), and cellular responses were analyzed before and after CNS treatment in Dreissena polymorpha hemocytes. A control group (AFW) and a negative control group (CNS in AFW) were also tested. DNA primary damage was evaluated by Comet assay while chromosomal damage and cell proliferation were assessed by Cytome assay. AFW exposed to CNS did not cause any genotoxic effect in zebra mussel hemocytes. Moreover, DNA damage and cell proliferation induced by Cd(II) turned down to control level after 2 days when CNS were used. A reduction of Cd(II)-induced micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities was also observed. CNS was thus found to be a safe and effective candidate in cadmium remediation process being efficient in metal sequestering, restoring cellular damage exerted by Cd(II) exposure, without altering cellular physiological activity.

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Juniawanti, Dwy Retno. "Decreased Lead Levels, Kupang, and Boiling." Journal of Public Health Science Research 1, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/jphsr.v1i1.1178.

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Lead is one of the very dangerous heavy metals that can pollute the environment. Sidoarjo Regency is an industrial area in East Java which has several factories, some of which do not process industrial waste properly. This untreated waste is made directly into the water so that it pollutes the water so that it serves the biota in the water, one of which is mussel. This research aims to determine the effect of boiling in an effort to reduce lead levels in Kupang. This research was conducted by taking samples of Kupang in Balongdowo village, Candi Sidoarjo District. This research was included in an experiment to reduce mercury content with boiling time of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes. The analyzed results are presented in tabular and graphical form. The results showed a decrease in lead levels at a boiling time of 30 minutes by 0.8886 mg / L with the difference reaching a decrease of 0.211 and a boiling time of 45 minutes can decrease by 0, 8211 mg / L with a difference of a decrease of 0.0675. This means that there is an effect of boiling in an effort to reduce lead levels in Kupang.

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St-Jean, Sylvie D., Simon C. Courtenay, and Roy W. Parker. "Immunomodulation in Blue Mussels (Mytilus edulis) Exposed to a Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent in Eastern Canada." Water Quality Research Journal 38, no. 4 (November 1, 2003): 647–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2003.041.

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Abstract Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were caged at three sites situated at increasing distance from the point of discharge of a pulp and paper mill effluent from July to October 1998. Two additional cages were deployed: one inside and one at the mouth of the adjacent industrialized Pictou Harbour. After 90 d exposure, we measured growth, survival, haemocyte counts (HC), phagocytic activity (PA), lysosome retention (LR) and bacterial clearance (BC). There was a small but significant difference in growth between cages. Mussels closest to the mill effluent grew the most while those at the mouth of the harbour grew the least. Mussels from three cages showed similar difficulty in clearing bacteria; the cage inside the harbour, the cage nearest to the pulp mill effluent and the cage furthest from the pulp mill, receiving a mixture of both pulp mill and harbour effluents. The mussels from those cages also showed the highest heavy metal burdens and conversely, the cage showing the most rapid clearance, outside both effluents, also showed the lowest heavy metal burden. Mussels caged in the pulp mill effluent showed lower PA and LR and higher mortality during the bacterial clearance test than other mussels. These results suggest that immunological biomarkers might be a useful and more sensitive adjunct to endpoints presently being measured from caged bivalves in environmental effects monitoring (EEM) programs, and assessments of aquatic environmental quality.

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Viarengo, A., M. Pertica, L. Canesi, F. Biasi, G. Cecchini, and M. Orunesu. "Effects of heavy metals on lipid peroxidation in mussel tissues." Marine Environmental Research 24, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(88)90338-8.

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STORELLI, M. M., A. STORELLI, and G. O. MARCOTRIGIANO. "Heavy Metals in Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Ionian Sea, Italy." Journal of Food Protection 63, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-63.2.273.

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Concentrations of six heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Sn) were determined in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected between June and September 1997 from 10 locations along a sound formed by two inlets (Mar Piccolo) near the Gulf of Taranto (Ionian Sea, Italy). The average concentrations of the heavy metals found in mussels samples were 0.15 mg/kg for Hg, 1.19 mg/kg for Pb, 0.64 mg/kg for Cd, 0.31 mg/kg for Cr, 5.15 mg/kg for Zn, and 0.54 mg/kg for Sn. The concentrations of heavy metals in mussels from the first inlet did not differ greatly from those observed in mussels from the second inlet. The concentrations of heavy metals in the mussels analyzed were below acceptable levels for human consumption.

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Yona, Defri, Aida Sartimbul, Muhammad Arif Rahman, Syarifah Hikmah Julinda Sari, Priyanka Mondal, Abdullah Hamid, and Tsania Humairoh. "Bioaccumulation and Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Mussels Collected from Madura Strait, Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v13i1.24677.

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HighlightHeavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in the seawater, sediment, and soft part of marine mussels were analyzedBioaccumulation Factor (BAF), Estimated Daily Intake and Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) were calculatedHeavy metals in the seawater, sediment and marine mussels were found in varying concentrationsHealth risk assessment indexes showed low values which means insignificant health hazardAbstractMarine mussels are known as one of the biological indicators of heavy metals pollution in the aquatic environment and the sources of protein for human consumption. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in the seawater, sediment, and soft parts of the marine mussels (Perna viridis, Meretrix sp., and Anadara granosa), as well as to evaluate its health risk of consumption from Madura Strait, Indonesia. The seawater, sediment, and marine mussels were obtained from four sites and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. In the seawater, heavy metals were in the order of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn from the highest to the lowest concentration respectively, while they went down in the order of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in the sediment respectively. Excluding the Pb, higher Cu and Zn concentrations were observed in marine mussels than in seawater and sediments (BAF> 1). Furthermore, it was proven that Cu and Zn were considered as essential metals and required for metabolism, while Pb and Cd were non-essential metals which their biological functions were unknown. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of the marine mussels was lower than the oral reference dose (ORD) and low values of target hazard quotient (THQ < 1) had shown that the consumption of mussels containing heavy metals would not cause significant health risks to humans. The health risk assessment indexes showed low values, which meant insignificant health hazard. However, long-term exposure and the impact of consuming mussels containing heavy metals may require additional investigation

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RUANGWISES, NONGLUCK, and SUTHEP RUANGWISES. "Heavy Metals in Green Mussels (Perna viridis) from the Gulf of Thailand." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.1.94.

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Concentrations of seven heavy metals were determined in green mussels (Perna viridis) collected between April and June 1995 from eight locations along the Coastal area of the Gulf of Thailand. The average concentrations (n = 96) of the heavy metals detected in mussel samples, on the basis of dry weight, were 1.20 mg kg−1 for cadmium, 0.78 mg kg−1 for chromium, 9.85 mg kg−1 for copper, 1.09 mg kg−1 for lead, 2.78 mg kg−1 for manganese, 1.54 mg kg−1 for nickel, and 94.48 mg kg−1 for zinc. The levels of cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead found in green mussels from four locations in the Upper Gulf were significantly P < 0.05) higher than those detected in mussels from four locations in the Lower Gulf, while the levels of copper, manganese, and zinc did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the Upper and Lower Gulf. Comparison with earlier studies revealed that the concentrations of some metals in the mussels collected from the Upper Gulf are increasing. The concentrations of heavy metals in green mussels from the Gulf of Thailand were within acceptable levels for human consumption.

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Desideri, D., M. A. Meli, C. Roselli, and L. Feduzi. "A biomonitoring study: 210Po and heavy metals in mussels." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 279, no. 2 (September 27, 2008): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-008-7334-0.

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Akberali, H. B., M. J. Earnshaw, and K. R. M. Marriott. "The action of heavy metals on the gametes of the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.)-II. Uptake of copper and zinc and their effect on respiration in the sperm and unfertilized egg." Marine Environmental Research 16, no. 1 (January 1985): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(85)90019-4.

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Giordano, Rosa, Paolo Arata, Laura Ciaralli, Silvana Rinaldi, Michele Giani, Anna Maria Cicero, and Sergio Costantini. "Heavy metals in mussels and fish from Italian coastal waters." Marine Pollution Bulletin 22, no. 1 (January 1991): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(91)90438-x.

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Mol, Suhendan, and Didem Üçok Alakavuk. "Heavy Metals in Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from Marmara Sea, Turkey." Biological Trace Element Research 141, no. 1-3 (May 21, 2010): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-010-8721-2.

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M. Abd-Ellah, Shahenaz, Soheir El-Sherif, and Rehab El-Morshedy. "Seasonal effects of heavy metals on the date mussel Lithophaga lithophaga (Mollusca:Bivalvia) at Eastern harbor, Alexandria, Egypt." Swedish Journal of BioScience Research 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51136/sjbsr.2020.62.77.

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The edible mussel Lithophaga lithophaga is considered as one of the most important human food sources in Alexandria, Mediterranean Sea. The present study is designed to determine the seasonal bioaccumulation levels of Cd, Co and Pb in the whole soft tissues as well as different tissues of Lithophaga lithophaga. Results revealed that the seasonal bioaccumulation levels of Cd, Co and Pb in date mussel were below the permissible limits or other reported values from other regions of the Mediterranean. On the other hand, the order of metals accumulation level in different tissues was as follows: digestive gland>remaining soft tissues>gonads. The present study confirmed the role of digestive gland as a concentration center for heavy metals. Moreover, total protein content and stress protein responses of the whole soft tissues were evaluated. The total protein content was arranged in the following order: summer>autumn>spring>winter. Five novel stress proteins appeared in summer. The histological and ultrastructural studies of the digestive gland of Lithophaga lithophaga collected in summer and spring showed marked histopathological alternations.

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Earnshaw, M. J., S. Wilson, H. B. Akberali, R. D. Butler, and K. R. M. Marriott. "The action of heavy metals on the gametes of the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.)—III. The effect of applied copper and zinc on sperm motilityin relation to ultrastructural damage and intracellular metal localisation." Marine Environmental Research 20, no. 4 (January 1986): 261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(86)90052-8.

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Arici, Elif, Aysah Öztekin, and Levent Bat. "Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Black Sea: Evaluating Mussels." Current World Environment 13, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.1.03.

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The levels of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Hg in the edible tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 (Mediterranean mussel) picked up from the Black Sea coasts of Turkey have been determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometer (ICP/MS) with a view to biomonitoring metal contamination in 2015. In this work, a statistically significant difference in the amounts of all studied heavy metals analyzed was noticed amidst sampling areas namely Igneada, Sinop, Samsun and Trabzon so that appraise welfare threat for mussel consumers, utilization M. galloprovincialis as biomonitors. The outcomes of this study were contrasted with the outlines stated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), the Turkish Food Codex and Commission Regulation (EC) for the harmless consumption restrictions of Bivalves as seafood. Moreover, former works with mussels in the Black Sea countries were reviewed and a summary of heavy metal amounts in mussels from whole the Black Sea waters were presented. In general these available measurements clearly indicated a low level heavy metal in M. galloprovincialis in coastal waters of the Black Sea. In this study the concentrations (mg metal kg-1 wet wt.) of metals ranged from 18-35 for Fe, 8-27 for Zn, 2.8-4.5 for Mn, 0.5-1.8 for Cu, 0.06-0.31 for Pb, 0.04-0.10 for Cd and 0.03-0.07 for Hg. Considering human health with respect to the investigated heavy metals, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) did not exceed the permissible intakes. No chronic systemic risk was found since total hazard index (0.521) were quite below critical value 1, and the carcinogenic risk for heavy metals did not exceed the tolerable values. Although there was no health risk to consumed mussels from the Black Sea riparian countries, the amount of mussels consumed is mainly unknown in countries; thus, consumption of about 1 serving of mussels from clean coastal waters per week is enough.

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Stankovic, Slavka, and Mihajlo Jovic. "Health risks of heavy metals in the mediterranean mussels as seafood." Environmental Chemistry Letters 10, no. 2 (December 20, 2011): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-011-0343-1.

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Hertika, Asus Maizar Suryanto, Kusriani Kusriani, Erlinda Indrayani, Rahmi Nurdiani, and Renanda B. D. S. Putra. "Relationship between levels of the heavy metals lead, cadmium and mercury, and metallothionein in the gills and stomach of Crassostrea iredalei and Crassostrea glomerata." F1000Research 7 (August 10, 2018): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14861.1.

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Background: The objective of this study was to compare the levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, and Cd) and metallothionein (MT) in the gills and stomach of two species of mussels (Crassostrea iredalei and Crassostrea glomerata), and to observe the ability of the mussels to absorb the heavy metals Pb, Hg and Cd present in the water. Methods: The mussels were obtained from Mayangan, Kenjeran and Gresik ports, East Java, Indonesia. MT levels were determined using ELISA. Heavy metal levels of Pb, Hg and Cd were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: The levels of Pb and Cd in water were below the maximum permissible levels for local water quality standards. By contrast, the level of Hg in the water was above the maximum permissible levels for water quality standards. At Mayangan Port (Station 1), the level of Pb was higher than Hg and Cd. Levels of MT and heavy metals varied greatly among of C. iredalei and C. glomerata individuals, but were always higher in the gills than in the stomach. The highest MT level (160,250 ng/g) was observed at Kenjeran Port (Station 2). MT levels were shown to be significantly associated with heavy metal level (P<0.0001). Conclusions: This result indicates that MT may be responsible for the sequestration of these heavy metals, as has already been observed in terrestrial animals.

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Arifin, Alvi Akhmad, Chrisna Adhi Suryono, and Wilis Ari Setyati. "Amankah Mengkonsumsi Kerang Hijau Perna viridis L nnaeus, 1758 (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) yang ditangkap di Perairan Morosari Demak?" Journal of Marine Research 10, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): 377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v10i3.31650.

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Kerang hijau (Perna viridis) merupakan komoditas perikanan yang sering dikonsumsi sebagai bahan pangan. Sampel yang diambil berasal dari perairan Morosari Demak pada bulan Juni, Juli dan Agustus 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menduga kandungan logam berat Pb dan Cu yang terdapat pada air, sedimen dan kerang hijau serta menentukan batas toleransi untuk mengkonsumsi kerang hijau yang mengandung logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan juga untuk menentukan Faktor biokonsentrasi (BCF) yang merupakan nilai akumulasi bahan kimia (polutan) dalam tubuh kerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, sedangkan metode penentuan lokasi menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel kerang hijau, air dan sedimen. Parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, salinitas, oksigen terlarut, kecerahan, pH diukur secara in situ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kandungan logam berat dalam daging kerang hijau berkisar 0,140-0,617 mg/kg (Pb) dan 0,035-0,851 mg/kg (Cu). Kandungan Pb dan Cu pada kerang hijau di semua stasiun dan bulan pengambilan sampel masih berada di bawah ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh Badan Standardisasi Nasional (2009) untuk logam berat Pb sebesar 1,5 mg/kg dan FAO (1972) untuk logam berat Cu sebesar 1 mg/kg. Kemampuan kerang hijau dalam mengakumulasi logam berat Pb dan Cu pada setiap bulan bervariasi, sebagian besar memiliki kemampuan akumulasi organisme rendah dengan nilai FBK < 1, sebagian memiliki kemampuan akumulasi organisme sedang dengan nilai FBK >1 dan ≤2 dan beberapa memiliki kemampuan akumulasi organisme tinggi dengan nlai FBK >2. Analisis batas aman konsumsi kerang hijau yang tercemar logam berat pada lokasi penilitian menunjukan kerang hijau masih aman dikonsumsi hingga 2,43 kg/minggu pada orang dewasa dengan berat badan rata-rata 60 kg Green mussels, Perna viridis is a fishery commodity that is often consumed as a food. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the concentration of pb and cu heavy metals contained in water, sediment and green mussels. The sample was collected in Morosari coastal waters Demak in June, July and August 2020 and determine the tolerance limit for consuming green mussels containing heavy metals. This research aims to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF) which is the value of accumulation of chemicals (pollutants) in the body of shellfish. Samples of green mussels were taken from three stations which are ponds of green mussels belonging to Morosari fishermen. This study uses descriptive method, while location determination method using purposive sampling method. The materials used in this study were samples of green mussels, water and sediment. Environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, brightness, pH are measured in situ. The results showed the value of heavy metals in green shellfish ranging from 0.140-0.617 mg/kg (Pb) and 0.035-0.851 mg/kg (Cu). The content of Pb and Cu in green mussels in all stations and months of sampling is still below the threshold set by the National Standardization Body (2009) for pb heavy metals of 1.5 mg/kg and FAO (1972) for Cu heavy metals of 1 mg/kg. The ability of green shells in accumulating heavy metals Pb and Cu on a monthly vary, most have low organism accumulation ability with BCF value < 1, some have the ability to accumulate medium organisms with BCF values >1 and ≤2 and some have high organism accumulation ability with BCF >2. Analysis of the safe limit of consumption of green mussels contaminated with heavy metals at the research site showed green mussels were still safe to consume up to 2.43 kg/week in adults with an average body weight of 60 kg.

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Andayani, Ariani, Isti Koesharyani, Ulfa Fayumi, Rasidi Rasidi, and Ketut Sugama. "Akumulasi Logam Berat Pada Kerang Hijau di Perairan Pesisir Jawa." Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia 5, no. 2 (August 30, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2020.v5i2.279.

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<strong>Heavy Metal Accumulation on Green Mussels in the Java Coastal Water.</strong>In many countries, green mussel (<em>Pernaviridis</em>) is harvested as food source. It is also commonly used as indicators for toxic contaminant, i.e. heavy metals, in the coastal waters. In Indonesia, green mussels are mostly cultivated in the north coast of Java where most industrial estates are located. Without further treatment, toxic contaminant of industrial waste may give impact to the surrounding environment, not to mention the adjacent coastal waters. This study was aimed to determine the accumulation of heavy metals, namely Hg, Pb and Cd, in green mussels. Green mussel samples were collected in 2017, taken from four culture sites in the north coast of Java: Panimbang, Jakarta Bay, Brebes and Cirebon. Our results showed that the concentration of Hg, Pb and Cd in green mussel tissues of those locations are: Panimbang = Hg: <0.22 mg/kg, Pb: undetectable, and Cd: 0.068 mg/kg; Teluk Jakarta = Hg: 11.7 mg/kg, Pb: 29.4 mg/kg, and Cd: 0.42 mg/kg; Brebes = Hg: 0.01 mg/kg, Pb: 3.52 mg/kg, and Cd: 0.4 mg/kg; and Cirebon = Hg: 0.01 mg/kg, Pb: 2.66 mg/kg, and Cd: 0.73 mg/kg. These results indicate that only green mussels from Panimbang contain heavy metals below the thresholds allowed to be consumed by humans

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Kraak, M. H. S., M. Toussaint, D. Lavy, and C. Davids. "The effects of heavy metals on the filtration rate of the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 24, no. 4 (September 1991): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1989.11899933.

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Pempkowiak, J., A. Sikora, and E. Biernacka. "Speciation of heavy metals in marine sediments vs their bioaccumulation by mussels." Chemosphere 39, no. 2 (July 1999): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00112-5.

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Rahardja, Boedi Setya. "STUDI KADAR LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) PADA KERANG HIJAU (Perna viridis) DI WILAYAH NGEMBOH, GRESIK DAN PPDI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA BRONDONG, LAMONGAN, JAWATIMUR." Marinade 4, no. 01 (June 4, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31629/marinade.v4i1.3408.

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Marine pollution occurs due to the entry of industrial waste containing chemicals into the aquatic will cause changes to its ecological conditions. Pollutants contained in the waste are in the form of sediment nutrients, pesticides, pathogenic organisms, waste and heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of heavy metal Pb in green mussels (Perna viridis), water, and sediments in the Ngemboh, Gresik area and in the waters of the Nusantara Brondong Fishery Port, Lamongan, East Java. The research is observational research with analysis data using linear regression, simple correlation (pearson) and ANOVA. The data collection was carried out by purposive random sampling. The heavy metal content of lead (Pb) in green mussels in Ngemboh waters, Gresik has a heavy metal content of lead (Pb) of 0.871 ppm, 0.199 ppm, 0.161 ppm. The cause of the high content of heavy metal lead (Pb) at station 1 is because it is close to the mouth of the Ngemboh river, where both organic and inorganic waste originate from local residents. Meanwhile, the content of the heavy metal lead (Pb) in green mussels in the waters of the Indonesian fishing port in the archipelago of Brondong, Lamongan, has various values. The values of heavy metal lead (Pb) at both stations were 0.37 ppm and 0.053 ppm. The content of heavy metal lead (Pb) in green mussels has not exceeded the threshold specified in SNI 01-7387-2009, which means that green mussels are still fit for consumption.

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Jeyasanta K, Immaculate, Sheeba Wilson, Narmatha Sathish, and Jamila Patterson. "Biochemical Composition and Heavy Metal Content in the Mussels of Kadiyapattinam, Kanyakumari distrct, South West Coast of India." Journal of Nutritional Biology 4, no. 2 (November 12, 2018): 244–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18314/jnb.v4i2.1417.

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Samples of the green mussel, Perna viridis, the brown mussel Perna perna and the parrot mussel were collected from Kadiyapattinam of Kanyakumari coast and their biochemical composition and the levels of heavy metal contamination were analyzed. The results of this study showed that the biochemical composition of the mussels did not very much. The specimens of all the three species of mussels were found to be good aquatic invertebrates for human consumption. P. viridis contained higher proportion of protein than Perna perna and the parrot mussel. Perna perna and the parrot mussel contained more lipid, ash, carbohydrate, and fibre; and their caloric values were also more than that of Perna viridis. Perna perna had the highest moisture content (78.21%) followed by the parrotmussel (19.47%) and Perna viridis (20.30%). Concentrations of the heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, As, Ni and Se) in the edible portions of the samples were within the values recommended by the WHO. Mercury was not detected and so these mussels are safe for the consumers. The order of concentrations of minerals found in the mussel samples was: K > Na > P > Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn. Potassium content was more than the other elements. It was evident from the study that in the soft tissue of all Perna species the concentration of essential minerals was higher than the nonessential metals. Kadiyapattinam mussels are a rich source not only of protein but also of all the other micro and macro minerals. The soft tissues of all the mussels had low levels of heavy metal concentration, and this indicates a comparatively lower heavy metal contamination of Kadiyapattinam coast. Mussels are also a rich source of nutritional components and could be used as human diet in place of other fish so as to reduce the pressure on sea foods.

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Januar, Hedi Indra, Irma Hermana, and Dwiyitno Dwiyitno. "Komposisi Asam Amino sebagai Penanda Kimia dari Akumulasi Logam Berat di Biota Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis)." Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan 15, no. 2 (December 8, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v15i2.668.

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Logam berat merupakan variabel penting dalam penelaahan keamanan produk kekerangan. Namun, kuantifikasinya membutuhkan tingkat kesiapan analis dan peralatan laboratorium yang modern. Hal ini mendorong usulan berbagai metode penapisan High-throughput Screening seperti komposisi asam amino, sebagai penanda kimia pada penapisan tahap awal dari kontaminasi logam berat di biota kekerangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fisibilitas komposisi asam amino yang terkandung pada produk kekerangan, sebagai penanda kimia akumulasi logam berat. Biota kerang bernilai ekonomis, yaitu kerang hijau (Perna viridis), dipilih sebagai target yang diambil dari tiga lokasi budidaya di Perairan Cirebon (sisi utara, perairan kota, dan sisi timur). Kadar logam berat (Cr, Co, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, dan Pb) dianalisis mempergunakan ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry), sementara kandungan asam amino ditelaah dengan kromatografi gas yang dilengkapi Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa kadar tertinggi dari tiap logam berat pada P. viridis adalah 0,25 mg/kg (Cr); 0,2 mg/kg (Co); 2,1 mg/kg (Cu); 1,5 mg/kg (As); 0,25 mg/kg (Cd); 0,25 mg/kg (Hg); dan 0,1 mg/kg (Pb). Nilai ini masih memenuhi persyaratan baku mutu, kecuali kadar arsen. Pengujian statistika korespondensi menunjukkan bahwa kadar asam amino kerang hijau dapat mengalami pergeseran komposisi yang tergantung pada tipe, variasi, dan kuantifikasi akumulasi logam beratnya. Oleh karena itu, tidak ada satupun jenis asam amino tertentu yang dapat dijadikan sebagai penanda kimia umum dari akumulasi berbagai jenis logam berat. Penelitian lebih lanjut dapat dilakukan untuk menemukan faktor pembanding menggunakan senyawa tertentu yang dapat melengkapi rasio komposisi asam amino sebagai penanda kimia dari akumulasi logam berat pada biota kekerangan.ABSTRACTHeavy metals are important factor in the food safety analysis of marine mussels. However, heavy metal quantification requires factors an adequate analyst and modern laboratory equipment. Therefore, various high throughput screening methods have been proposed, such as the composition of amino acids as a marker in a preliminary screening of heavy metal contamination in marine mussels. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of amino acids composition in marine mussels as a chemical marker of heavy metal accumulation. The commercial marine mussels, Green Mussels (Perna viridis), were collected from three aquaculture sites in Cirebon Waters (north side, in front of the city, and east side). Heavy metals content (Cr, Co, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) was analyzed by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) technique while the amino acids content was analyzed using gas chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Results of this study showed that the maximum value of each heavy metal in P. viridis were 0.25 mg/kg (Cr); 0.2 mg/kg (Co); 2.1 mg/kg (Cu); 1.5 mg/kg (As); 0.25 mg/kg (Cd); 0.25 mg/kg (Hg); and 0.1 mg/kg (Pb). Except for arsenic, these values were below the allowable threshold level. Correspondence analysis showed that the composition of amino acids in the green mussels was shifted, according to the type, variation, and quantification of the accumulated heavy metals. Therefore, none of the amino acids can be used as a general chemical marker for various types of heavy metals. Further research can be done to identify a particular comparative compound that can complement the ratio of amino acids composition as biomarkers for heavy metals accumulation in marine mussels.

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Sultana, Sabia, A. K. M. Nur Alam Siddiki, Md Rokonujjaman, M. Niamul Naser, Abdus Salam, and Md Abdus Salam*. "Heavy metals accumulation in freshwater mussels (Lamellidens marginalis) as a biological monitor inhabiting in Dhanmondi Lake, Dhaka, Bangladesh." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 4933. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.10.003.

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The heavy metal concentration (e.g., Mn, Zn, Pb and Ni) were determined in soft tissues and shells of freshwater mussels (Lamellidens marginalis) at the various sites of Dhanmondi lake, Dhaka, Bangladesh between the period April, 2010 and March 2011. The heavy metal concentrations in shells and soft tissues of freshwater mussels were tended to vary significantly among sampling points and seasons in Dhanmondi Lake. Distribution of heavy metals in shell and soft tissue of Lamellidens marginalis followed the order Mn>Zn>Pb>Ni, respectively. According to the t-test, level of manganese, zinc and lead under investigation between shell and tissue showed statistically significant differences [Mn: t=-11.387; df=16; P=0.000; Zn: t=-2.590; df=16; P=0.020 and Pb: t=-2.8679; df=16; P=0.011].

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SPADA, L., C. ANNICCHIARICO, N. CARDELLICCHIO, S. GIANDOMENICO, and A. DI LEO. "Heavy metals monitoring in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis from the Apulian coasts (Southern Italy)." Mediterranean Marine Science 14, no. 1 (February 26, 2013): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.323.

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Concentrations of six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn) and one semi-metal (As) were determined in tissues of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis collected along the Apulian coasts (Mediterranean sea). This project, performed in 2009, was targeted toward the assessment of levels and spatial distribution of metals in the environment in order to evaluate the coastal water quality using mussels as bioindicators and health risk for mussel consumers.The concentrations (mg/kg d.w.) of these metals ranged from 6.35 to 76.17 for arsenic (As), 0.38 to 2.54 for cadmium (Cd), 0.96 to 9.46 for chromium (Cr), 5.26 to 19.22 for copper (Cu), 0.10 to 0.81 for mercury (Hg), 25.00 to 110.51 for zinc (Zn) and from 0.37 to 3.25 for lead (Pb). These levels were lower than the permissible limits set by European Commission and FAO with the exception for Cr in three sampling stations. Evaluation of the risk associated to molluscs consumption for human health suggested that there is no evident risk for a moderate Mytilus g. consumer, however heavy metals concentrations must be monitored periodically and carefully with respect to the consumers health.

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Novakov, Nikolina J., Brankica D. Kartalović, Željko A. Mihaljev, Krešimir M. Mastanjević, Nenad S. Stojanac, and Kristina J. Habschied. "Heavy metals and PAHs in mussels on the Serbian market and consumer exposure." Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B 14, no. 3 (June 2, 2021): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2021.1931475.

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Yüce, Arzu Morkoyunlu. "DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS ON SOME TYPES OF MICRO ALGAE AND MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS (LAMARCK, 1819)." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 10 (November 10, 2020): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i10.2020.2074.

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of aquatic pollutants on aquatic organisms. Izmit Bay, which is polluted both domestically and industrially, was chosen as the study area. Densely populated areas and industry are located around the Izmıt Bay. For this purpose, mussel and micro algae samples were taken from selected stations. In the study, salinity value was measured in the range of 22% - 28%. Water temperature, pH and conductivity varied from 9.20 – 25.01 ℃, 6.81 - 8.3, 30.42 - 45.11 µS/cm, dissolved oxygen values as minimum and maximum 4.62 – 12.61 mg l−1 were determined respectively. In heavy metal analyses Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd and Fe) of seawater were determined in the study. As a result of the study, the highest heavy metal ratio in Mytilus galloprovincialis was determined to be iron. In the study, Oscilatoria sp., Ulnaria sp. and Nitzschia sp. taxa were determined as dominant. These species have high tolerance to aquatic pollution parameters.

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