Дисертації з теми "Muscles Genes"
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Tomc, Lyn Kathryn. "Role of MEF2 proteins in the activation of the c-jun and MCK genes in skeletal muscle /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0018/MQ56210.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаViveiros, Ryan. "An investigation into the genes mediating myoblast migration in the nematode : Caenorhabditis elegans." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/631.
Повний текст джерелаEinheber, Steven. "Isolation and characterization of acDNA clone encoding avian skeletal muscle C-protein : an intracellular member of the immunoglobulin superfamily /." Access full-text from WCMC, 1989. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=744115441&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаKocamis, Hakan. "Functional profiles of growth related genes during embryogenesis and postnatal development of chicken and mouse skeletal muscle." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2026.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 109 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-104).
Amaral, Ian P. G. "Transcriptional regulation in skeletal muscle of zebrafish in response to nutritional status, photoperiod and experimental selection for body size." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2616.
Повний текст джерелаGUYON, THIERRY. "Regulation de l'expression des genes codant pour les differents sous-unites du recepteur de l'acetylcholine dans les muscles de patients myastheniques." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066373.
Повний текст джерелаMatsakas, Antonios [Verfasser]. "Effect of exercise on the mRNA expression of growth factors, metabolic genes and myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscles of the rat / Antonios Matsakas." Hamburg : Diplom.de, 2004. http://d-nb.info/118563598X/34.
Повний текст джерелаLacour, Floriane. "Contrôle des voies de signalisation Wnt par R-spondin1 au cours de la régénération du muscle squelettique adulte." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB035/document.
Повний текст джерелаAdult mammalian skeletal muscles have the remarkable ability to repair after injury. Muscle regeneration depends on various cellular and molecular responses, such as activation of Wnt signaling pathways in muscle stem cells called satellite cells. R-spondin (Rspo) proteins are able to potentiate Wnt signaling pathways in vivo in many stem cells and play important role for regeneration of several tissues. The role of R-spondin in injury-induced myogenesis has not been studied. Given that R-spondin1 gene expression is up-regulated by Pax7, the satellite cell-specific transcription factor, we explored the hypothesis that R-spondin1 plays a role during skeletal muscle regeneration. We firstly isolated primary myoblasts from Rspo1 constitutive knock-out mice and observed that a depletion of Rspo1 did not alter cell cycle of these cells. However, a lack of R-spondin1 on cells resulted in global alteration of differentiation kinetics. We found that R-spondin1 inhibits muscle cell fusion, as Rspo1 knock-out myotubes contain an higher number of myonuclei. Then, we injured the Tibialis Anterior (TA) muscle of Rspo1-null mice and littermates controls by Cardiotoxin injection and analyzed muscle regeneration at different time points following injury. Our data show that R-spondin1 removal results in a delay of stem cell differenciation. In contrast, a R-spondin1 deficiency leads to better cell capacity to fuse to dommaged myofibers, giving rise to myofiber hypertrophy. As with other tissue-specific stem cells, such as hair follicle or intestinal crypt stem cells, R-spondin1 potentiates canonical Wnt signaling target genes expression in muscle stem cells. We proved that R-spondin1 potentiates canonical Wnt signaling target genes expression and negatively regulates non-canonical signaling in muscle stem cells. Our results demonstrate that R-spondin1 is crucial for adult muscle regeneration through a tighly cross-talk regulation between Wnt signalings
Sallum, Adriana Maluf Elias. "Correlações da expressão de MHC-I e II, C5b-9 e fenotipagem de células inflamatórias em tecido muscular na dermatomiosite juvenil (DMJ)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5141/tde-02102014-094536/.
Повний текст джерелаThe presence of chronic muscle inflammation, in association with other diseases and seric autoantibodies in JDM patients, suggest the involvement of an autoimmune mechanism in the pathogenesis of this inflammatory myopathy. Thirty seven muscle biopsy specimens from patients with JDM were analyzed in order to assess the expression of MHC-I and II, C5b-9, CD4, CD8, CD20 and CD68 and to correlate with the clinical, laboratorial, histological and therapeutical parameters. These findings were compared to the expression in five dermatomyositis (DM), eight polymyositis (PM) and four dystrophy cases. Immunohistochemical reactions for MHC-I and II and C5b-9 (StreptABCcomplex/HRP), CD4, CD8 (EnVision-AP) and CD20, CD68 (LSAB+) were evaluated. MHC-I expression was positive in 97.2% of the cases, whilst MHC-II was positive in only 21.6% of the cases. C5b-9 expression (positivity of 83.8%) correlated with calcinosis and cardiac involvement. The presence of lymphocytes CD4 (positivity of 81.1%), CD8 (positivity of 86.5%), CD20 (positivity of 62.2%), and CD68 (positivity of 97.2%) correlated with inflammation in muscular histology. The presence of CD4 and CD8 and expression of C5b-9 also correlated with the severity of muscle weakness, and CD4 expression correlated with serum levels of CK and CD20 with LDH. In JDM, the expressions of C5b-9, CD4 and CD8 were statistically more significant when compared to PM and DM, while expressions of MHC-I and II were lower in JDM. All expressions were lower in dystrophy. MHC-I expression, adjuvant to the presence of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, corroborates the involvement of the cytotoxic cellular mechanism of muscular lesion in JDM, which correlates to severity. Concomitantly, C5b-9 expression was a predictive factor of systemic involvement and of the need for imunossupressive treatment. The results of this study indicate for the function of MHC-I and II, C5b-9, CD4, CD8, CD20 e CD68 at JDM pathogenesis
Singh, Anish D. "Regulation and function of the non-muscle [beta]-actin and [gamma]-actin genes." Phd thesis, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/11556.
Повний текст джерелаKim, Soo Hyun. "Gene therapy demonstrates that muscle is not a primary target for non-cell autonomous toxicity in familial ALS." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164829314.
Повний текст джерелаColl-Lladó, Clara. "Evolution of muscle regulatory genes in chordates." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16136.
Повний текст джерелаRender, Timothy John. "A study of muscle pattern formation in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240123.
Повний текст джерелаBestard, Jennifer. "Dystrophin gene regulation in muscle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/MQ54086.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPiper, Tony Andrew. "A study of the transfer of recombinant dystrophin genes into skeletal muscle cells." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286683.
Повний текст джерелаWhite, Peter. "Nutritional regulation of muscle gene expression." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624160.
Повний текст джерелаRaue, Ulrika. "Skeletal muscle gene expression with age." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1370882.
Повний текст джерелаSchool of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
Rose, Patricia Camela. "Gene Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle:." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2007. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/199.
Повний текст джерелаDavignon, Laurianne. "Identification and characterisation of new genes associated to multiminicore disease." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066696/document.
Повний текст джерелаCongenital myopathies are rare genetic disorders characterized by neonatal hypotonia, delayed motor development and muscle weakness. Our laboratory is particularly interested in the study of multi-minicore disease (MmD), which is characterised by multiple foci of mitochondria depletion and short sarcomere disorganisation areas (cores) within muscle fibers. Our group identified most of the genes associated to this genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous condition. However, at least 30% of multiminicore disease cases are not associated with the known genes and remain genetically uncharacterized. The study of a large consanguineous family by homozygosity mapping allowed the identification of a homozygous nonsense mutation in the coding sequence of a transcriptional coactivator (named thereafter TCA), which had never been associated with a muscle condition. qPCR and western blotting showed absence of messenger and protein on patient samples. A microarray performed on a transient TCA silencing model, which disclosed a tendency to downregulation of muscle and contractile proteins (in differentiation conditions), and an upregulation of cell cycle proteins (in proliferative conditions), suggesting a role of TCA in regulating the proliferation/differentiation balance in muscle. Thus, we report a novel congenital muscle condition with a unique histological pattern, stressing the histological overlap of different forms of congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies. We characterize a new gene in human genetic conditions and a novel regulator of the proliferation/differentiation balance in muscle
Nowacka, Lidia. "Muscle gene transfer studies of a 27-BP segment of the troponin I fast gene IRE enhancer." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111563.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough constructs containing the wild-type IRE 27-bp region were expressed, there was little preferential expression in fast fibers, in contrast to expression driven by the complete 148-bp IRE. Thus my results indicate that the MEF2 and CACT elements are not sufficient to drive fast fiber-type-specific expression, and suggest that additional elements outside of the 27-bp region tested are also necessary for fiber-type-specificity.
Lau, Justine Yeeman, and jlau@med usyd edu au. "Novel genes associated with airway smooth muscle proliferation in asthma." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5134.
Повний текст джерелаIt is well recognised that both genetic and environmental factors determine an individual’s predisposition to asthma. In recent years, the airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell has come to the attention of researchers to, not merely be a contractile cell of the airway, but one that orchestrates events affecting airway remodelling and proliferation. Experiments described in this thesis have, for the first time, examined genes that are associated with various aspects of the pathogenesis of asthma by using the candidate gene approach and a genome wide search. Genes have not only been identified to be differentially expressed in ASM cells derived from asthmatic and non-asthmatic participants, but have also been linked with a functional consequence of asthma. The three genes found to be differentially regulated between ASM cells derived from asthmatic and non-asthmatic participants were Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- gamma (PPARγ), mimecan and fibulin-1. Expression of the anti-proliferative transcriptional factor PPARγ, found by the candidate gene approach, was elevated in ASM cells derived from asthmatic participants. Whilst elevated, the anti-proliferative effect of PPARγ was absent in ASM cells derived from asthmatic participants. By microarray analysis, mimecan, an anti-proliferative agent was identified. Mimecan levels, although not different basally in ASM cells, were upregulated by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) only in asthmatic derived ASM cells. Silencing mimecan, by the use of specific oligonucleotides, increased proliferation of ASM cells. This suggested that by increasing mimecan expression, the proliferation of ASM cells may be halted. Fibulin-1, also found by microarray analysis and the final gene examined in this thesis, was found in elevated levels in BAL fluid, serum and ASM cells obtained from asthmatic participants. In addition, ASM cells derived from asthmatic participants, for the first time were shown to have faster wound healing rates compared with nonasthmatics. The elevated fibulin-1 levels in ASM cells derived from asthmatic participants, in the presence of TGFβ, were demonstrated to contribute to this increased wound healing. Specifically, fibulin-1 was found to affect wound healing by increasing proliferation rather than migration. The current available treatments for asthma, target the contractility and inflammatory conditions in the airway. Through this thesis, novel genes discovered to be associated with proliferation may be potential therapeutic targets to treat asthma. In particular, the fibulin-1 gene is outstandingly promising, as it was shown that silencing fibulin-1 resulted in slower wound healing rates through decreased cell proliferation, to possibly inhibit the airway remodelling observed in asthma, and furthermore, corticosteroid therapy was demonstrated not to affect to this gene.
Cooper, Brian. "Regulation of two muscle-specific genes during Xenopus heart development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327029.
Повний текст джерелаVerardo, Lucas Lima. "Differentially expressed genes and miRNA identification in pig skeletal muscle." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2011. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4757.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O suíno (Sus scrofa) é considerado um animal de grande importância para produção de carne, sendo seu potencial de crescimento muscular objeto de grande interesse e geralmente associado com características determinadas na fase pré-natal durante a miogênese. Para o estudo de genes responsáveis por estas características, as etiquetas de sequências expressas (Expressed Sequence Tags - EST) fornecem informações diretas sobre o transcriptoma e indiretas sobre a relação entre o genoma e diferentes fenótipos, proporcionando o conhecimento sobre genes diferencialmente expressos (GDE) bem como sequências genômicas transcritas para o controle da expressão gênica como, por exemplo, alguns RNAs não codificantes. Características de tecidos musculares em suínos podem ser influenciadas diretamente por genes, e estes sendo regulados como, por exemplo, através de miRNAs, em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a identificação e a anotação in sílico de GDE e sequências não codificantes, com enfoque aos miRNAs, de bibliotecas de cDNA construídas a partir do músculo esquelético semi-membranoso de três diferentes raças de suínos (Duroc, Large White e naturalizada brasileira Piau) bem como a análise dos níveis de expressão dos genes identificados e miRNAs em sete fases de desenvolvimento do Longissimus Dorsi (21, 40, 70 e 90 dias pré-natal e 107, 121 e 171 dias pós-natal) de animais de linha comercial. Foram identificados 34 GDE sendo 21 pertencentes a uma rede gênica musculo-específica. Destes, 13 genes tiveram seus perfis de expressão analisados com o uso do qRT-PCR durante os sete períodos citados, formando quatro grupos de expressão semelhantes, um com maior expressão na fase pós-natal e três na fase pré-natal. Nas análises das sequências não codificantes um resultado importante foi a identificação de dois novos miRNAs em suínos, os quais tiveram suas sequências maduras similares aos miRNAs hsa-miR-1207-5p e hsa-miR-665 foram classificadas como verdadeiras pelo programa MiPred e formaram estruturas secundárias. Destes, encontrou-se 289 e 214 genes regulados por eles respectivamente, dos quais quatro são músculo-específicos. Os novos miRNAs tiveram seus perfis de expressão analisados com o uso do PCR em tempo real durante os sete períodos citados juntamente com outros três já identificados em suínos. Seus níveis de expressão mostraram diferenças entre os estágios pré- e pós-natal. Estes estudos podem fornecer valiosas informações possibilitando um maior entendimento dos mecanismos moleculares envolvidos no desenvolvimento muscular. As análises de GDE em fases pré e pós-natal sugerem a presença de genes atuando especificamente em determinados estágios de desenvolvimento do músculo, contribuindo para melhor explicar suas funções. A identificação de dois novos miRNAs, somados a outros já identificados e postados nos bancos de dados em suínos, podem contribuir para um maior entendimento dos modos de regulação gênica, sendo de importância para os estudos de genética e melhoramento animal, permitindo o entendimento da fisiologia da deposição de músculo para produção de carne em suínos.
The pig (Sus scrofa) is considered an important animal for meat production. This interest revolves around the potential for muscle growth, which usually is associated with certain characteristics during prenatal myogenesis. To study the genes responsible for these characteristics, expressed sequence tags (EST) provide direct information about the transcriptome and indirectly on the relationship between the genome and different phenotypes, supplying knowledge about differentially expressed genes (DEG) as well as other transcribed genomic sequences for the control of gene expression, e.g., some non-coding RNAs. Characteristics of muscle tissue in pigs may have been directly influenced by genes, and those being regulated, for example, by miRNAs, in different stages of development. This study aimed to identify by in silico annotation, DEG and non-coding sequences, focusing on miRNAs, using cDNA libraries constructed from semi-membranous skeletal muscle of three different pig breeds (Duroc, Large White and naturalized Brazilian Piau ) as well as analysis of gene expression profiles of identified genes and miRNAs during seven stages of development (21, 40, 70 and 90 days prenatal and 107, 121 and 171 days postnatal) from commercial line animals Longissimus Dorsi muscle. Twenty-one identified genes out of 34 DEGs belongs to the muscle-specific path. From these, 13 genes had their expression profiles analyzed by qRT-PCR during the seven periods, forming four clusters of similar expression, with one having greater expression in the postnatal period and three in the prenatal. In the analysis of non-coding sequences, an important result was the identification of two new miRNAs in pigs, which had their sequences similar to mature miRNAs hsa-miR-1207- 5p and hsa-miR-665 which had their precursor sequences forming secondary structures and classified as real precursor sequence by MiPred program. From these, we found 289 genes and 214 respectively regulated by them, of which four are muscle-specific. The new miRNAs and other three which have been identified in previous studies in pigs had their expression levels analyzed by quantitative real time PCR during the mentioned seven periods. Their levels of expression differed between pre-and postnatal stages. These studies may provide valuable information allowing a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle development. Analyses of DEG in the pre-and postnatal periods suggest the presence of genes acting specifically on certain stages of muscle development, contributing to better explain their functions. The identification of two new miRNAs, together with other previously identified and posted on the databases in pigs, may contribute to a better understanding of gene regulation and is important for studies of genetics and animal breeding, allowing the understanding of the muscle deposition physiology to meat production in pigs.
Lau, Justine Y. "Novel genes associated with airway smooth muscle proliferation in asthma." Connect to full text, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5134.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from title screen (viewed Aug. 11, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Discipline of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine. Degree awarded 2009; thesis submitted 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
Sundaram, Priyanka. "The deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 negatively regulates the expression of muscle-specific genes in L6 muscle cells /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111547.
Повний текст джерелаBoyd, Jacqueline. "Analysis of dauer pathway genes in the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288288.
Повний текст джерелаMartin, Agnès. "Role of the glucocorticoid pathway in skeletal muscle wasting and hepatic metabolism rewiring during cancer cachexia in ApcMin/+ mice – Functional implication of myostatin gene invalidation." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSES034.
Повний текст джерелаCachexia affects about half of cancer patients and is characterized by a progressive body mass loss mainly resulting from skeletal muscle depletion. This loss of skeletal muscle mass together with a decrease in muscle force strongly contribute to reduce cancer patient quality of life, treatment efficiency and ultimately patient survival. Many factors are known to be involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle homeostasis. Among them, glucocorticoids are steroid hormones secreted under the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis that have been well described to promote skeletal muscle atrophy but also to exert systemic actions through activation or repression of gene expression in many tissues. We hypothesized that the glucocorticoid pathway could be activated during cancer cachexia in ApcMin/+ mice, a mouse model of intestinal cancer. Here, we reported that activation of skeletal muscle catabolism was associated with a complete reprogramming of liver metabolism. Moreover, we showed an activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis that was associated with an increase in the level of corticosterone (the main glucocorticoid in rodent) in serum, quadriceps muscle and liver of advanced cancer cachectic mice. The transcriptional signature in quadriceps muscle and liver of advanced cancer cachectic mice significantly mirrored that observed in mice treated with dexamethasone, an analog glucocorticoid. Importantly, the inhibition of cancer cachexia by myostatin gene invalidation in ApcMin/+ mice restored corticosterone levels and abolished skeletal muscle and liver gene reprogramming. Together, these data indicate that glucocorticoids drive a transcriptional program to coordinately regulate skeletal muscle mass loss and hepatic metabolism rewiring. The inhibition of this response by myostatin gene invalidation highlights the existence of a molecular dialog between skeletal muscle and liver
Waardenberg, Ashley Jacob. "VMus3D - A New Gene Expression Visualisation Approach and Application to Striated Muscle." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367325.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Holder, Emma L. (Emma Lesley). "Gene expression in muscle tissue and cells." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69755.
Повний текст джерелаRichard-Fiardo, Peggy Pitard Bruno. "Les copolymères à blocs pour le transfert de gènes dans le muscle squelettique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=27846.
Повний текст джерелаWarner, Adam Dennis. "Identification of novel genes affecting body wall muscle in Caenorhabditis elegans." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31429.
Повний текст джерелаMedicine, Faculty of
Medical Genetics, Department of
Graduate
Cha, Jeeyeon. "The role of muscle segment homeobox genes in early pregnancy events." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377871689.
Повний текст джерелаBaptista, Igor Luchini. "Papel de E3 ligases na plasticidade muscular esquelética." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42134/tde-17042013-113528/.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present thesis we analyzed the involvement of E3 ligases under three aspects of skeletal muscle plasticity: mass loss resulting from disuse, maintenance of fiber type I and II and regeneration of muscle tissue. Our first aim was to determine whether leucine, was able to attenuate the mass loss caused by wasting. Our results showed that this amino acid prevented the mass loss, mainly by inhibiting the expression of E3 ligases. The second aim was to determine whether the absence of two E3 ligases, MuRF1 and MuRF2, could alter the proportion of type I and type II fibers. We found that in the absence of these E3 ligases, the identity of type II fibers was lost, and these fibers were protected against atrophy in the absence of MuRF1. Lastly, we analyze the role of MuRF1 and MuRF2 in muscle tissue regeneration. The results showed that these E3 ligases together are crucial to satellite-cells physiology and consequently an adequate tissue regeneration. This thesis show that certain E3 ligases can play a crucial role in muscle plasticity.
Sjöberg, Gunnar. "Nestin : filament formation and expression in myogenesis and muscle disorders /." Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2687-5.
Повний текст джерелаLarochelle, Nancy. "Gene transfer to skeletal muscle using adenoviral recombinants." Diss., lmu, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-2567.
Повний текст джерелаWillemsen, Kristin R. "Improving adenoviral vectors for muscle-directed gene therapy." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28115.
Повний текст джерелаTan, Yu Yin Nicole Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Gene expression during activation of smooth muscle cells." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Medical Sciences, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43615.
Повний текст джерелаDodds, Emma. "Cationic lipid mediated gene delivery to skeletal muscle." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314358.
Повний текст джерелаShaw, James Alistair MacGregor. "Towards muscle-targeted gene therapy for diabetes mellitus." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325232.
Повний текст джерелаGray, Sarah Lauren. "Down Regulation of Muscle Strength Genes in Orthognathic Surgery Patients with Asymmetry." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/316137.
Повний текст джерелаM.S.
Objective: Genetic loci for ATP2A2 kinase, NUAK1, and phosphatase PPP1CC are associated with skeletal muscle strength phenotypes. ATP2A2 is a calcium ion transport ATPase in sarcoplasmic reticulum that is predominantly expressed in cardiac and slow-twitch fibers. NUAK1, an AMP-activated protein kinase, and PPP1CC, a subunit of protein phosphatase 1, are involved in glycogen metabolism during skeletal muscle contraction. The aim of this study is to investigate whether these genes are associated with masseter muscle composition and function in the development of skeletal malocclusion. Methods: A total of 56 orthognathic surgery patients were classified as having skeletal Class I, Class II, or III sagittal malocclusions with normal, open, or deep bites vertically, with or without facial asymmetry. Masseter muscle samples were collected during the mandibular osteotomies, frozen, and sent to the Kornberg School of Dentistry. Tissue from eleven patients was used for gene expression analysis on Affymetrix HT2.0 microarray chips and a principle components analysis. Then, these plus an additional 45 masseter samples were used for quantitative RT-PCR. Expression data for the three genes of interest were evaluated in the microarray and corroborated and expanded upon with RT-PCR data. ANOVA and unpaired t-tests were performed to determine correlations between ATP2A2, NUAK1, and PPP1CC expression levels and vertical and sagittal malocclusion classifications. Additional ANOVA and unpaired t-tests were performed to determine correlations between ATP2A2 expression level and signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) with and without pain and facial asymmetry, and relative to the expression levels of a second gene associated with muscle strength phenotypes (ACTN3). Finally, Kendall Tau analyses were performed to compare ATP2A2 expression levels in subjects grouped by malocclusion classification to masseter muscle composition, including mean fiber area (MFA) and mean percent occupancy (MPO) of each fiber type. Results: Principle component analysis revealed two patients with genetic expression levels that deviated from the group. These were the only patients diagnosed with facial asymmetry. Microarray data showed that in these patients ATP2A2 and PPP1CC were significantly decreased. NUAK1 was decreased to a lesser extent. Also, among other genes in the same functional categories, ATP2A1 expression was -30.45 fold (P<6.11X10-6) and PPP3CC expression was -2.96 fold (P<2.03X10-5) in the patients with facial asymmetry. RT-PCR results showed NUAK1 and PPP1CC were differentially expressed at lower, but not statistically significant levels in subjects with craniofacial asymmetry. However, RT-PCR did verify that ATP2A2 expression is down regulated in subjects with mild to severe forms of asymmetry as compared to subjects with facial symmetry (p=0.022). ANOVA and unpaired t-test analyses illustrated that there was no significant differences in ATP2A2 expression in patients with different vertical, saggital, or combined vertical/sagittal malocclusion diagnoses. There was a significant association between the lateral differences in ATP2A2 expression, between right- and left-sided masseter biopsies within the same individual, in subjects with Class III malocclusions with different vertical diagnoses. Here, lateral differences were greatest in open bite, intermediate in deep bite, and lowest in normal Class III subjects. Kendall tau analyses were performed to compare ATP2A2 expression levels and masseter composition (MFA/MPO of type I, hybrid, and type II fibers) in all subjects, subjects with Class II malocclusions, and subjects with Class III malocclusions. Regardless of sagittal malocclusion, all subjects showed a negative correlation with type IIA MPO that was highly significant (r=-0.46; p=0.004). Also, ATP2A2 associations in Class II subjects were positive with type I MFA (r=0.36; p=0.04) and negative with type IIA MPO (r=-0.59; p=0.001). Correlations for Class III subjects were typically negative and not significant. Also, Kendall tau correlations were performed to compare ATP2A2 expression with the composition of each fiber type in patients grouped by both sagittal and vertical malocclusion classification. These found decreased type IIA fiber MPO correlated significantly (p = 0.024) with increased relative ATP2A2 expression in subjects with Class II, normal bite malocclusions (n = 6, R2 = 0.8127). Finally, ATP2A2 expression was not associated with most phenotypic traits exhibited by the surgery subjects such as presence of signs/symptoms of TMD with and without pain and facial asymmetry. However there was an association between decreased lateral differences in ATP2A2 expression in subjects with asymmetry with the TC ACTN3 genotype as compared to subjects with the TC ACTN3 genotype and facial symmetry. Conclusions: ATP2A2 promotes calcium transport in slow twitch and cardiac muscle contraction-relaxation cycling. Decreased expression of this gene in patients with asymmetries suggests that down regulation of the calcium handling capacities of muscle fibers may influence the development of abnormal craniofacial phenotypes. Both NUAK1 and PPP1CC are thought to play metabolic regulatory or responsive roles to muscle contraction. Decreased expression of these genes may accompany alterations of fiber-type form and metabolic properties to adversely affect jaw development. Additionally, ATP2A2 correlations indicate that this calcium channel protein may be important for type I fiber function, but not type IIA in masseter muscle from Class II subjects, suggesting a functional influence on malocclusions. ATP2A2 does not appear to function differentially in fiber types that influence development of Class III malocclusion. Further studies with more subjects are needed to increase experimental power.
Temple University--Theses
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Повний текст джерела