Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Multifactor estimation of intellectual team"

The article presents the results of the annual Intellectual Olympiad for programming of the Volga Federal District among schoolchildren, in which representatives of fourteen regions participated. Each team consisted of two schoolchildren who were selected in regional contests. The author's solutions of the Olympiad tasks are considered. The set of tasks is balanced by subject and difficulty. The topics of the tasks are related to the organization of rational data structures, bracket sequences, optimization in graphs, depth-first and breadth-first search, analysis of areas on a checkered field, construction and evaluation of the game tree. Important conditions for a successful performance were good teamwork and a correct estimation of the computational complexity of the algorithms. The winner of the Olympiad was the team of the Samara region, which solved all eight of the proposed tasks. The article is intended for schoolchildren, students, trainers, leading classes in Olympiad programming.

[Context] Freelancers could catalyze the software development process by providing their niche skills to generate high quality outputs. They could help companies (including startups) to foster innovations by suggesting creative ideas and providing their expertise in implementing them (for instance, designing solutions, coding solutions etc.). Freelancers could effectively and efficiently work as a virtual member of the software development team. The company must make informed decisions about which task to allot to the freelancer, which freelancer to select, pricing the task, and evaluating the submitted work. On the other hand, the freelancer should make an informed decision about evaluating the monetary value of the task to be charged, trusting the requester, analyzing the skills requirement of the task (finding matches between skill requirement and skills processed), selecting the best task, and maintaining the highest level of reputation. However, the literature does not provide freelancers and the companies the guidelines that support their decision making. However, if freelancers are selected carefully for the most suitable task, the companies will benefit a lot in terms of improved software development metrics. [Objectives] The objective of this paper is to provide the research community the research trends in freelancer-supported software development. This helps to understand that which software development areas have higher concentrations of research efforts, which area has the support of empirical evidence to support management decision makings, and which area requires the research attention. [Method] The systematic study is conducted by planning the mapping protocol, executing the protocol, and reporting the findings using various visualization tools like bar charts and pie charts. The search process was planned to be executed using set of inclusion and exclusion conditions on four bibliographic databases (IEEExplore, Springerlink, Sciencedirect, and ACM digital library). The relevant papers are selected by applying inclusion and exclusion conditions. The google citations of the relevant papers are subject to the inclusion and exclusion conditions again to include the more relevant papers. Finally, the systematic schema was created and populated after analyzing the studies abstracts. [Results] The results indicate the following (a) The research focus is on generic software development (78%) rather on individual life cycle activities. (b) The number of empirical studies is limited (25%). (c) A number of studies proposing solutions and evaluating on live cases in industrial settings are missing from the literature. This is in comparison to the validation approaches (72%) i.e., solutions tested in laboratory settings. (d) At present, the literature has limited ability to provide the software companies (including startups) with the guidelines (in the form of opinions and experience reports) for involving freelancers in the software development process. (e) The reported challenges include Collaboration and Coordination (33%), Developer Recommendation (or selection) (19%), Team Formulation (14%), Task Recommendation (allocation) (14%), Task Decomposition (11%), Privacy and Security (Confidentiality) (11%), Budget Estimation (8%), Recognition (8%), Trust Issues (8%), Market Dynamism (6%), Intellectual Property Issues (6%), Participation of Crowd Worker (6%), and Capacity Utilization (3%). These challenges are highly interactive, and each challenge impacts all other challenges. (e) Recent focus of the researchers (total 7 studies in 2019) is on generic software development handling the collaboration and coordination (3 studies out of 7), Developer recommendation (2 studies out of 7), and task recommendation (2 studies out of 7). [Conclusion] The freelancer-driven software engineering research area has got the attraction of the researchers, but it will take a long time to gain maturity. This puts an urgent call for more empirical studies and evaluation-based solution research that could help companies (including startups) to foster innovations. Further, the research focus should be well distributed among the various development phases to address the unique challenges associated with individual activities. The accurate management of the freelancer in the software development could help companies and startups to foster innovations and remain competitive in the marketplace.

The article substantiates that the dependence of the effectiveness of management team on the diversity and level of development of managers’ competencies necessitates the study of the management team in terms of competency approach. It is proved that the team role should be assigned to a team member taking into account socio-psychological abilities, personal intellectual and psychophysiological capabilities and professional characteristics. It is shown that the result of the rational distribution of team roles is the formation of an effective role structure of the management team, which is determined by the subjective components of the competencies of its members. Systematized team roles in accordance with the necessary personal qualities of managers and the contribution of team members to the overall result. It is proved that when determining the distribution of team roles it is necessary to take into account their priority depending on the stage of development at which the management team is. The algorithm of team development is considered as a sequence of stages, which include the stages of formation, intensive formation, normalization, implementation, dissolution. The standard list of stages of development of a management team at the expense of addition of a stage of an estimation of results of its functioning is specified. Priority team roles have been identified and substantiated in accordance with the stages of management team development. It is proved that a necessary condition for ensuring the effective functioning of the management team at each stage of its development is the implementation of a complete list of them. It is substantiated that the construction of the optimal role structure is a source of high efficiency of the management team and ensuring the effect of competence synergy due to the subjective competencies of managers. The conditions for ensuring the effect of competence synergy from the optimization of the role structure of the management team are systematized, which are to determine the full list of team roles in accordance with the subjective competencies of managers and take into account the priority of specific roles depending on the stage of development.

A survey was conducted with two sub-samples of respondents, karate athletes representatives (members of the national team) and karate athletes competitors in the kumite (sports fight). The survey was conducted on a stratified sample of 32 respondents divided into two groups, 16 karate representatives and 16 karate competitors, males, seniors from the Republic of Macedonia. The main purpose of the research is to determine the differences in the psychological characteristics between the two sub-samples of the respondents. In the research, a total of 13 variables for the assessment of psychological characteristics were applied: for estimation of emotional characteristics six (6) variables, three (3) variables for assessment of the motivational dispositions, for assessment of the specific intellectual characteristics (3) three variables and one variable for assessing the general intellectual characteristic. The basic statistical parameters are determined using the basic descriptive statistics for the two groups of respondents separately, while for determining the differences in the arithmetic means of the psychological characteristics, a T-test for small independent samples was applied. From the analysis of the data from the basic descriptive statistical parameters, it was established that in all applied variables, homogeneity of the results as well as normal distribution was obtained, with very small deviations present in two variables. The results of the T - test obtained in the survey show statistically significant differences in the entire analyzed space between the two groups, with the exception of two variables (L - social desire and P - psychoticism), i.e. differences were found in 11 variables from a total of 13 examined variables.

Abstract Aims This study aims to estimate Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) prevalence in school-aged children in the province of Pisa (Italy) using the strategy of the ASD in the European Union (ASDEU) project. Methods A multistage approach was used to identify cases in a community sample (N = 10 138) of 7–9-year-old children attending elementary schools in Pisa – Italy. First, the number of children with a disability certificate was collected from the Local Health Authority and an ASD diagnosis was verified by the ASDEU team. Second, a Teacher Nomination form (TN) to identify children at risk for ASD was filled in by teachers who joined the study and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) was filled in by the parents of children identified as positive by the TN; a comprehensive assessment, which included the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition, was performed for children with positive TN and SCQ⩾9. Results A total of 81 children who had a disability certificate also had ASD (prevalence: 0.79%, i.e. 1/126). Specifically, 66 children (57 males and nine females; 62% with intellectual disability –ID-) were certified with ASD, whereas another 15 (11 males and four females; 80% with ID) were recognised as having ASD among those certified with another neurodevelopmental disorder. Considering the population of 4417 (children belonging to schools which agreed to participate in the TN/SCQ procedure) and using only the number of children certified with ASD, the prevalence (38 in 4417) was 0.86%, i.e. one in 116. As far as this population is concerned, the prevalence rises to 1% if we consider the eight new cases (six males and two females; no subject had ID) identified among children with no pre-existing diagnoses and to 1.15%, i.e., one in 87, if probabilistic estimation is used. Conclusions This is the first population-based ASD prevalence study conducted in Italy so far and its results indicate a prevalence of ASD in children aged 7–9 years of about one in 87. This finding may help regional, national and international health planners to improve ASD policies for ASD children and their families in the public healthcare system.

The work is devoted to the task of intellectual team’s management, namely the problem of their formation, adaptation and training. The paper presents a mathematical model of the multifactor estimation of intellectual team, allowing to choose the best of its composition from a plurality of possible options. To formalize the problem using utility theory, candidates in the team are assessed for their professional, profile and personality characteristics.