Готові списки джерел за темами / MULTI-DECONTAMINATION

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

Оновлено: 16 квітня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Kiyok, O. V., N. V. Polupanova, N. O. Chernyaeva, L. V. Naprimerova, and E. Yu Enina. "Medical waste management in today’s healthcare: issues and progress." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 29, no. 3 (June 28, 2022): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2022-29-3-121-134.

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Background. In every region of the Russian Federation, medical waste management importantly relies on both safe and cost-effective decontamination.Objectives. The study aims to highlight the hygienic aspects of medical waste management in healthcare facilities of Krasnodar Krai and county-wide, as well as to prove the cost effectiveness of the physical decentralised decontamination/neutralisation method in a multi-specialty healthcare facility.Methods. A retrospective analysis of medical waste management over Krasnodar Krai and at a multi-specialty hospital has been conducted for period 2016–2018; cost effectiveness was calculated for the decentralised (physical) method of medical waste decontamination. Statistical analyses were performed with Statistica 10.Results. A high proportion of medical waste has been established for both Krasnodar Krai and country-wide. The cost effectiveness of the physical decentralised waste decontamination method has been demonstrated. The estimates with Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 Research Institute showed that a per-kilo deactivation cost for class B (epidemiological hazard) waste by a decentralised (physical) method is more effective amounting to average 38.42 ± 4.48 vs. 191.20 ± 20.46 (p < 0.01) for specialised commercial services of medical waste collection, transportation and neutralisation; the use of a reliable validated physical method warrants the staff epidemiological safety.Conclusion. The cost effectiveness of the physical decentralised method of medical waste decontamination/neutralisation has been demonstrated with a multi-specialty hospital. Better legal regulation and inter-department coordination of medical waste management will upgrade the disposal solutions to ensure compliance with epidemiological and environmental safety.

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Collins, Samuel, Thomas James, Holly Carter, Charles Symons, Felicity Southworth, Kerry Foxall, Tim Marczylo, and Richard Amlôt. "Mass Casualty Decontamination for Chemical Incidents: Research Outcomes and Future Priorities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 3079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063079.

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Planning for major incidents involving the release of hazardous chemicals has been informed by a multi-disciplinary research agenda which has sought to inform all aspects of emergency response, but with a focus in recent years on mass casualty decontamination. In vitro and human volunteer studies have established the relative effectiveness of different decontamination protocols for a range of chemical agents. In parallel, a programme of research has focused on communicating with and managing large numbers of contaminated casualties at the scene of an incident. We present an accessible overview of the evidence underpinning current casualty decontamination strategies. We highlight where research outcomes can directly inform response planning, including the critical importance of beginning the decontamination process as soon as possible, the benefits of early removal of contaminated clothing, the evidence under-pinning dry and wet decontamination and how effective communication is essential to any decontamination response. We identify a range of priority areas for future research including establishing the significance of the ‘wash-in’ effect and developing effective strategies for the decontamination of hair. We also highlight several areas of future methodological development, such as the need for novel chemical simulants. Whilst considerable progress has been made towards incorporating research outcomes into operational policy and practice, we outline how this developing evidence-base might be used to inform future iterations of mass casualty decontamination guidance.

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Akhlaghpasand, Hossein, and S. Mohammad Razavizadeh. "Adaptive pilot decontamination in multi-cell massive MIMO networks." Telecommunication Systems 66, no. 3 (March 13, 2017): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-017-0302-7.

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Duca, Radu-Corneliu, Emilie Hardy, Guillaume Salquèbre, and Brice M. R. Appenzeller. "Hair decontamination procedure prior to multi-class pesticide analysis." Drug Testing and Analysis 6, S1 (May 9, 2014): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dta.1649.

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PERIEANU, Viorel Ştefan, Mădălina PERIEANU, Mădălina MALIŢA, Mihai BURLIBAŞA, Radu COSTEA, Camelia IONESCU, Consuela GHIUŢĂ, Ileana IONESCU, and Liliana BURLIBAŞA. "Clinico-statistical study regarding prevention of infections in dental offices by impressions decontamination." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 11, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2016.1.12.

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Objective. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the knowledge and universal application of decontamination methods of impressions in dental practices. Material and method. The study involved 131 persons (dentists and dental students at Faculty of Dental Medicine). All the participants completed a questionnaire regarding the knowledge of transmission risk and rates of infections agents through dental impressions and the importance of different methods of decontamination. Results. Most of the subjects (93.89%) are aware of classical safe standard to achieve infection control in dental office. The youngest ones are well instructed in dental school. Most of the participants concluded that ere is a risk of transmission of infectious agents through different devices (impressions, prosthetic components) are sent out of the practice. Still only 35.11% of the respondents use a decontamination process of impressions. Among these (46 subjects), only 25 of them follow a well-conducted decontamination protocol. Many of the subjects consider that the infections risk of dental devices is minor and the decontamination procedure only makes the technological process more difficult. Conclusions. Dental practitioners consider that there is a minor risk of person-to-person transmission of infectious through dental devices. Doctors and technicians as well do not use a multi-step process of decontamination, because it makes the workflow more difficult.

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Li, Qing, Zeng-Lu Fan, Dong-Xu Xue, Yu-Feng Zhang, Zong-Hui Zhang, Qian Wang, Hua-Ming Sun, Ziwei Gao, and Junfeng Bai. "A multi-dye@MOF composite boosts highly efficient photodegradation of an ultra-stubborn dye reactive blue 21 under visible-light irradiation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 5 (2018): 2148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta10184h.

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This study provides a new avenue to construct a novel multi-dye@MOF composite photocatalyst towards addressing some unresolved environmental issues, i.e. the decontamination of the ultra-stubborn dye RB21.

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Kelar Tučeková, Zlata, Lukáš Vacek, Richard Krumpolec, Jakub Kelar, Miroslav Zemánek, Mirko Černák, and Filip Růžička. "Multi-Hollow Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge for Bacterial Biofilm Decontamination." Molecules 26, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040910.

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The plasma-activated gas is capable of decontaminating surfaces of different materials in remote distances. The effect of plasma-activated water vapor on Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli biofilm contamination was investigated on the polypropylene nonwoven textile surface. The robust and technically simple multi-hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge was used as a low-temperature atmospheric plasma source to activate the water-based medium. The germicidal efficiency of short and long-time exposure to plasma-activated water vapor was evaluated by standard microbiological cultivation and fluorescence analysis using a fluorescence multiwell plate reader. The test was repeated in different distances of the contaminated polypropylene nonwoven sample from the surface of the plasma source. The detection of reactive species in plasma-activated gas flow and condensed activated vapor, and thermal and electrical properties of the used plasma source, were measured. The bacterial biofilm decontamination efficiency increased with the exposure time and the plasma source power input. The log reduction of viable biofilm units decreased with the increasing distance from the dielectric surface.

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Ludwig-Begall, Louisa F., Constance Wielick, Olivier Jolois, Lorène Dams, Ravo M. Razafimahefa, Hans Nauwynck, Pierre-Francois Demeuldre, et al. "“Don, doff, discard” to “don, doff, decontaminate”—FFR and mask integrity and inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate and a norovirus following multiple vaporised hydrogen peroxide-, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation-, and dry heat decontaminations." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): e0251872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251872.

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Background As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic accelerates, the supply of personal protective equipment remains under strain. To combat shortages, re-use of surgical masks and filtering facepiece respirators has been recommended. Prior decontamination is paramount to the re-use of these typically single-use only items and, without compromising their integrity, must guarantee inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other contaminating pathogens. Aim We provide information on the effect of time-dependent passive decontamination (infectivity loss over time during room temperature storage in a breathable bag) and evaluate inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate and a non-enveloped model virus as well as mask and respirator integrity following active multiple-cycle vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP), ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), and dry heat (DH) decontamination. Methods Masks and respirators, inoculated with infectious porcine respiratory coronavirus or murine norovirus, were submitted to passive decontamination or single or multiple active decontamination cycles; viruses were recovered from sample materials and viral titres were measured via TCID50 assay. In parallel, filtration efficiency tests and breathability tests were performed according to EN standard 14683 and NIOSH regulations. Results and discussion Infectious porcine respiratory coronavirus and murine norovirus remained detectable on masks and respirators up to five and seven days of passive decontamination. Single and multiple cycles of VHP-, UVGI-, and DH were shown to not adversely affect bacterial filtration efficiency of masks. Single- and multiple UVGI did not adversely affect respirator filtration efficiency, while VHP and DH induced a decrease in filtration efficiency after one or three decontamination cycles. Multiple cycles of VHP-, UVGI-, and DH slightly decreased airflow resistance of masks but did not adversely affect respirator breathability. VHP and UVGI efficiently inactivated both viruses after five, DH after three, decontamination cycles, permitting demonstration of a loss of infectivity by more than three orders of magnitude. This multi-disciplinal approach provides important information on how often a given PPE item may be safely reused.

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Carvallo, Claudio, Francisca Jalil-Vega, and Rodrigo Moreno. "A multi-energy multi-microgrid system planning model for decarbonisation and decontamination of isolated systems." Applied Energy 343 (August 2023): 121143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121143.

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Parreco, Joshua, Hahn Soe-Lin, Saskya Byerly, Ning Lu, Gabriel Ruiz, D. Dante Yeh, Nicholas Namias, and Rishi Rattan. "Multi-Center Outcomes of Chlorhexidine Oral Decontamination in Intensive Care Units." Surgical Infections 21, no. 8 (October 1, 2020): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/sur.2019.172.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Jablaoui, Cherif. "La texturation par detente instantannée [sic] controlée DIC dans le developpements [sic] de nouvelles opérations d’extraction d’huiles des graines oleagineuses." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROS015/document.

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Durant les dernières années, les études des procédés de trituration ou d’extraction des huiles végétales à partir des graines oléagineuses se sont concentrées sur les impacts environnementaux, la consommation énergétique et les qualités nutritionnelles. Les travaux de recherche ont donc visé l’étude de l’intensification des procédés d’extraction des huiles et de leur raffinage à travers leur décontamination phytosanitaire, grâce à la texturation par Détente Instantanée Contrôlée DIC et à la technologie d’autovaporisation multi-flash (MFA), respectivement. D’une part, ces travaux de recherche ont porté sur l’impact d’une texturation par la technologie de DIC, qui est à l’origine d’une modification de l’aptitude technologique des graines, vis-à-vis de l’extraction et de la préservation de la qualité nutritionnelle des huiles extraites. Appliquée sur des graines oléagineuses (graines de colza et de soja) et sur la base d’un bilan quantitatif (rendements en huile), cette étude met en évidence l’impact de la technologie DIC comparée à des prétraitements conventionnels tels que la cuisson, le concassage, l’aplatissage et le traitement par expandeur. D’autre part, sur la base d’une modélisation phénoménologique, les cinétiques d'extraction ont aussi été étudiées en vue de comparer les paramètres cinétiques d'extraction d'huiles végétales, cités plus haut, tels que la diffusivité effective et l’accessibilité initiale, par rapport aux systèmes conventionnels. Les résultats indiquent l’amélioration de la cinétique d'extraction des matières traitées par DIC d'une part, et la préservation de la qualité nutritionnelle des composés extraits, d'autre part. Enfin, les travaux fondés sur la technologie d’autovaporisation multi-flash (MFA) ont porté sur le raffinage des huiles extraites principalement au plan de son contenu phytosanitaire. L’efficacité de cette technologie a été prouvée dans l’objectif d’une décontamination des résidus de pesticides (organochlorés) dans le cas de l’huile de colza brute
Recently, studies of structural pretreatment and improvement of the sector of vegetal oil extraction from oilseeds have focused on the intensification of the concerned processes in both aspects of performance (environmental impacts, energy consumption, and kinetics) and quality (nutritional content, sensorial attributes…). Therefore, this research aimed to study the improvement of oil extraction processes and their phytosanitary decontamination, based on DIC texturing and multi-flash autovaporization (MFA), respectively. First, the effect DIC texturing technology was studied as structural pretreatments in improving the technological aptitudes of processing seeds such as rapeseed and soybean, regarding the extraction kinetics and yields, and the preservation of the nutritional composition of the extracted oils. DIC was studied based on quantitative assessments of oil (yields, composition…), highlighting its impact following the conventional pretreatments such as cooking, crushing, flattening, and expanding. Furthermore, founded on the Coupled Washing Diffusion CWD phenomenological model, in the specific cases of Negligible External Resistance NER extraction kinetics were also conducted to determine the fundamental extraction parameters of solvent vegetal oil extraction kinetics, such as the effective diffusivity and the starting accessibility, compared to conventional systems. The results denoted the improvement of extraction kinetics of the materials treated with DIC, on the one hand, and the preservation of the nutritional quality of the extracted compounds, on the other hand. Finally, this work focused on the study of multi-flash autovaporization (MFA) technology and its effect on the phytosanitary aspect of the extracted oils. The effectiveness of this technology has been proven for pesticide residue decontamination (organochlorine) of crude rapeseed oil

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SHIWANGI, HIMANSHU. "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION COMPOSITE WIPE AGAINST CBR AGENTS." Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14826.

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Elimination of harmful contaminants from humans and equipments comes under the category of decontamination of CBRN contaminants. The CBRN contaminants stand for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear contaminants. The major objective is to minimize the burden of contaminations and to prepare the obtained minimized contaminated material for permanent disposal activities and protective storage. For decontamination chemical technique is very efficient and cost effective. Sometimes both humans and materials get contaminated with CBRN contaminants. Small amount of contaminants exposure cause change in cell structure. Due to higher amount sometimes death also occurs. Therefore, decontamination is very important for humans, at the same time it is very vital to minimize the waste and cost for the task required for personal decontamination. Present work deals with the effectiveness of non woven composite wipes of different nano fibers and fibers along with a nanoemulsion for the decontamination of CBR contaminations. Basically, the decontamination is to remove hazardous material from places where its presence is not required. The application of decontamination helps in reducing the dose which any worker may obtain from an infected place due to airborne Chemical, biological, and radiological, (CBR) agents. A nanofibrous web was developed which is based on Rayon fiber, Zinc titanate nanofiber and nano ZnO loaded polyester fibers. Because of its super-light weight, excellent resistance to heat radiation, and chemical and bacterial decontamination properties, it is used as a thin interlayer incorporating with highly porous fibrous materials so as to get high absorbency and entrapment properties. The results indicate that the decontamination of CBR contaminants can be effectively improved by adding appropriate nanofibers.

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SHIWANGI, HIMANSHU. "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION COMPOSITE WIPE AGAINST CBR AGENTS." Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14652.

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Elimination of harmful contaminants from humans and equipments comes under the category of decontamination of CBRN contaminants. The CBRN contaminants stand for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear contaminants. The major objective is to minimize the burden of contaminations and to prepare the obtained minimized contaminated material for permanent disposal activities and protective storage. For decontamination chemical technique is very efficient and cost effective. Sometimes both humans and materials get contaminated with CBRN contaminants. Small amount of contaminants exposure cause change in cell structure. Due to higher amount sometimes death also occurs. Therefore, decontamination is very important for humans, at the same time it is very vital to minimize the waste and cost for the task required for personal decontamination. Present work deals with the effectiveness of non woven composite wipes of different nano fibers and fibers along with a nanoemulsion for the decontamination of CBR contaminations. Decontamination in general is defined as the removal of hazardous material from areas where it is not wanted. Decontamination is applied to reduce the dose that worker may receive from a component or surface, to reduce the potential for airborne Chemical, biological, and radiological, (CBR) agents, or to reduce the disposal cost associated with the component or the material. A nanofibrous web was developed which is based on Rayon fiber, Zinc titanate nanofiber and nano ZnO loaded polyester fibers. Because of its super-light weight, excellent resistance to heat radiation, and chemical and bacterial decontamination properties, it is used as a thin interlayer incorporating with highly porous fibrous materials so as to get high absorbency and entrapment properties. The results indicate that the decontamination of CBR contaminants can be effectively improved by adding appropriate nanofibers.

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Книги з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Waldmann, Carl, Neil Soni, and Andrew Rhodes. Infection and inflammation. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199229581.003.0027.

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Pathophysiology of sepsis and multi-organ failure 462Infection control—general principles 464HIV 466Severe falciparum malaria 468Vasculitides in the ICU 470Source control 472Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) 474Markers of infection 476Adrenal insufficiency and sepsis 478Infectious agents entering the body lead to local inflammation, pus and abscess formation, and affect the whole body through systemic inflammation. Systemic inflammation is recognized by the presence of fever, abnormal WCC, and increased heart and respiratory rate, and is known as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). If SIRS is due to infection (as distinct from other causes such as pancreatitis, burns or major trauma) it is defined as sepsis....

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Частини книг з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Belhabib, Abdelfettah, Mohamed Boulouird, and Moha M’Rabet Hassani. "Nash Equilibrium Based Pilot Decontamination for Multi-cell Massive MIMO Systems." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 1025–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6893-4_93.

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Baranidharan, V., S. Karthikeyan, R. Hariharan, T. Mugunthan, and S. Vhivek. "Pilot Decontamination Algorithm with Iterative Weighted Graph Coloring Scheme for Multi-cell MIMO System in 5G Applications." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 501–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4909-4_38.

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Greaves, Ian, and Keith Porter. "Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear incidents." In Oxford Handbook of Pre-hospital Care, 615–58. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198734949.003.0011.

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A chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) incident may occur as the result of an accident or specific act of terrorism. Events such as the Chernobyl nuclear incident in Ukraine, the Sarin gas release on the underground system in Tokyo, the anthrax releases in the US, and the Salisbury Novichok attack, highlight the necessity for a structured multi-agency and multi-disciplinary response of which medical support is an essential component. This chapter covers the mode of presentation, and then focuses on each type in turn. Scene safety, triage, and information gathering are described. For chemical incidents, decontamination and specific antidotes are also included. Characteristics of biological agents are defined, and methods of managing a radiation and nuclear incident are specifically covered, including managing the patient.

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Yan, Yu, Zhaoqiang Zen, Runqi Wu, Jie Gong, Shaosheng Fan, and Wei Jiang. "Development and Research of Substation Pillar Insulator Decontamination Robot System." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde230520.

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In order to realize the automatic cleaning operation of UHV vertical insulators and reduce manual labor to the maximum extent, so as to improve operation efficiency and reliability, this paper proposes a cleaning operation system which is equipped with mechanical arm, double manipulator and its end tools on the vehicle-mounted platform, in which the end is equipped with cleaning brush and reaches the operation point by moving on the ground of the vehicle-mounted platform. Then the robot arm sends the end tool to the cleaning position through multi-joint motion, and the nozzle on the brush sprays water mist on the insulator disk surface, then the brush realizes the no-blind cleaning of the insulator disk surface. Based on the above analysis of the cleaning task, the basic structure and virtual prototype model of the robot are designed, and the corresponding physical prototype system is developed. The field operation experiment was carried out in the substation under the jurisdiction of Hunan Electric Power Company. The experimental results show that the robot can realize the no-blind cleaning operation of pillar insulators and the cleaning effect is sound, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the robot structure. The research of this paper has important theoretical significance and practical application value for improving the automation level of operation and maintenance management for substation system.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Memon, Sajjad Ali, Zhe Chen, and Fuliang Yin. "Pilot decontamination in multi-cell massive MIMO systems." In the 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3018009.3018013.

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Konesky, Gregory A. "Planetary protection protocol using multi-jet cold plasma decontamination." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Richard B. Hoover, Gilbert V. Levin, Alexei Y. Rozanov, and Paul C. W. Davies. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.855561.

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Graves, Rick, and Hugh Griffis. "Multi-Disciplinary Decontamination Assessment of an Internal Electronics Bay." In 49th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-310.

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Kesarwani, Harshit, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Venkatesh Tentu, and Rohit Budhiraja. "Hardware-Aware Pilot Decontamination Precoding for Multi-cell mMIMO Systems With Rician Fading." In GLOBECOM 2022 - 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom48099.2022.10001509.

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Omid, Yasaman, Seyyed MohammadMahdi Shahabi, and Mehrdad Ardebilipour. "A New Pilot Assignment Scheme for Pilot Decontamination of Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems." In 2019 27th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iraniancee.2019.8786460.

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Mosleh, Marjan Abbasi, Seyyed MohammadMahdi Shahabi, and Mehrdad Ardebilipour. "An AoA-aided Low Complexity Pilot Decontamination Scheme for Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems." In 2020 28th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee50131.2020.9260670.

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Mei, Yikun, and Zhen Gao. "CS-Based CSIT Estimation for Downlink Pilot Decontamination in Multi-Cell FDD Massive MIMO." In 2021 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccc52777.2021.9580398.

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Gong, Zijun, Cheng Li, and Fan Jiang. "Pilot Decontamination for Cell-Edge Users in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Based on Spatial Filter." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icc.2018.8422501.

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Kulyukhin, S. A., N. B. Mikheev, L. N. Falkovskii, L. A. Reshetov, M. Ya Zvetkova, V. P. Osipov, I. V. Yagodkin, et al. "New Approach for Environmental Protection During Severe Accidents at Nuclear Power Plants." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75518.

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This paper reports new approaches for increasing environmental protection during severe accidents at NPPs. For NPPs with two protective shells and pressure release system such as WWER-1000 we suggest a new comprehensive, passive-mode environmental protection system of decontamination of the radioactive air-steam mixture from the containment and the intercontainment area, which includes the “wet” stage (scrubbers, etc.), the “dry” stage (sorption module), and also an ejector, which in a passive mode is capable of solving the multi-purpose task of decontamination of the air-steam mixture. For Russian WWER-440/V-230 NPPs we suggest three protection levels: 1) a jet-vortex condenser; 2) the spray system; 3) a sorption module. For modern designs of new generation NPPs, which do not provide for pressure release systems, we proposed a new passive filtering system together with the passive heat-removal system, which can be used during severe accidents in case all power supply units become unavailable.

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Mimura, Hitoshi, Minoru Matsukura, Fumio Kurosaki, Tomoya Kitagawa, Akira Kirishima, and Nobuaki Sato. "Multi-Nuclide Separation Using Different Types of Zeolites." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66611.

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Development of selective adsorbents is very important subject for the effective multi-nuclide decontamination related to the severe accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear power Station (Fukushima NPS). In this study, the adsorption properties for nine kinds of zeolites (Zeolite A, Zeolite X, Zeolite Y, Zeolite L, Modified Chabazite, Phillipsite, Erionite, Synthetic Mordenite, Natural Mordenite and Clinoptilolite) are evaluated in the presence of sodium salts, boric acid and seawater. The present study deals with (1) selective adsorption properties for single nuclide ions (Cs+, Sr2+, Eu3+, I−, UO22+, Am3+ and NpO2+), and (2) multi-nuclide adsorption properties of 26 elements (typical elements in Advanced Liquid Processing System (ALPS) in Fukushima NPP-1) for the above zeolites. The distribution coefficient (Kd, ml/g) and uptake (R, %) were estimated by batch method using NaI (Tl) scintillation counter, ICP-AES and AAS. Zeolites with different crystal structures have the diversity of the adsorption selectivity for various radioactive nuclides. Chabazite, mordenite and clinoptilolite with lantern or tunnel structure were very effective for the adsorption of monovalent Cs+ ions even in real seawater. Zeolite A and X with three-dimensional cage structures were effective for the adsorption of divalent Sr2+ and Co2+ ions under the practical condition (30% diluted seawater). Zeolite L was effective for the adsorption of Eu3+ ions under the practical condition. As for I− adsorption, Ag-zeolites are found to be effective, and the uptake (%) of I− (NaI in pure water) for Ag-zeolites was estimated to be above 98% in pure water. As for actinoid adsorption, the distribution profile, Kdvs pH, had a maximum depending on the hydrolysis pH. Zeolite A, Zeolite L and Zeolite X showed an excellent adsorption property for UO22+, Am3+ and NpO2+, respectively. Selective adsorption tendencies of different zeolites were evaluated for 26 elements referred to ALPS. Comparing the uptake results for different zeolites, the following tendency of adsorbability was observed. Mordenite had adsorption selectivity for monovalent alkali metal ions of Rb+ and Cs+. Zeolite A and X exhibited relatively high adsorption selectivity for divalent ions of Sr2+ and Co2+. Zeolite L had adsorption selectivity for trivalent lanthanide ions such as Ce3+ and Eu3+. These tendencies were the same as those without boric acid. Thus, the zeolites with diverse adsorption selectivity are effective for the multi-nuclide decontamination of radioactive contaminated water.

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Звіти організацій з теми "MULTI-DECONTAMINATION"

Cruz, E. A. Waste and decontamination services FY 94 Multi-Year Program Plan Phase II WBS No. 1.2.3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10163715.

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