Статті в журналах: "MtArgJ"

1

Das, Kishore, Tima Thomas, Omar Garnica, and Subramanian Dhandayuthapani. "Recombinant spore delivered M. tuberculosis antigens elicit immune response in mice." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2016): 145.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.145.4.

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Abstract BCG, the vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), is one of the mandatory vaccines administered to infants in several parts of the world. However, BCG conferred immunity wanes when children reach adulthood. To develop booster vaccines, we engineered recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores to deliver Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens. MTAG1 recombinant strain was designed to express a fusion protein of CotC-Ag85B-CFP10 on the spore coat, while MTAG2 and MTAG3 strains were designed to express Ag85B-CFP10 fusion protein in vegetative cells. The difference between MTAG2 and MTAG3 strains is that the latter expresses secreted listeriolysin (LLO) in addition to Ag85B-CFP10. Immunoblot analysis revealed that MTAG1 strain showed positive signals for Ag85B and CFP10 in the spore-coat and other strains in the vegetative cell extracts, indicating that antigens are expressed in these strains as expected. Splenocytes of mice immunized with recombinant spores, through intranasal route, displayed significantly higher antigen specific proliferation of IFN-γ producing cells compared to the splenocytes of control mice. Also, the culture fluids of splenocytes from recombinant spores immunized mice exhibited higher antigen specific release of Th1 cytokines than the culture fluids of splenocytes from control mice. These results indicate that antigens delivered via recombinant spores can be processed and presented to the immune cells. Additional in vivo studies may reveal whether these recombinant spores can be used to boost immunity in BCG vaccinated individuals.

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2

Yelamanchi, Soujanya D., Sumaithangi Thattai Arun Kumar, Archita Mishra, Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshava Prasad, and Avadhesha Surolia. "Metabolite Dysregulation by Pranlukast in Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Molecules 27, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 1520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051520.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been infecting millions of people worldwide over the years, causing tuberculosis. Drugs targeting distinct cellular mechanisms including synthesis of the cell wall, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in Mtb are currently being used for the treatment of TB. Although extensive research is being carried out at the molecular level in the infected host and pathogen, the identification of suitable drug targets and drugs remains under explored. Pranlukast, an allosteric inhibitor of MtArgJ (Mtb ornithine acetyltransferase) has previously been shown to inhibit the survival and virulence of Mtb. The main objective of this study was to identify the altered metabolic pathways and biological processes associated with the differentially expressed metabolites by PRK in Mtb. Here in this study, metabolomics was carried out using an LC-MS/MS-based approach. Collectively, 50 metabolites were identified to be differentially expressed with a significant p-value through a global metabolomic approach using a high-resolution mass spectrometer. Metabolites downstream of argJ were downregulated in the arginine biosynthetic pathway following pranlukast treatment. Predicted human protein interactors of pranlukast-treated Mtb metabolome were identified in association with autophagy, inflammation, DNA repair, and other immune-related processes. Further metabolites including N-acetylglutamate, argininosuccinate, L-arginine, succinate, ergothioneine, and L-phenylalanine were validated by multiple reaction monitoring, a targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach. This study facilitates the understanding of pranlukast-mediated metabolic changes in Mtb and holds the potential to identify novel therapeutic approaches using metabolic pathways in Mtb.

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3

Liu, Rui, Zhenfei Guo, and Shaoyun Lu. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Aux/IAA and Auxin Response Factor Gene Family in Medicago truncatula." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (September 28, 2021): 10494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910494.

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Aux/IAA and auxin response transcription factor (ARF) genes are key regulators of auxin responses in plants. A total of 25 MtIAA and 40 MtARF genes were identified based on the latest updated Medicago truncatula reference genome sequence. They were clustered into 10 and 8 major groups, respectively. The homologs among M. truncatula, soybean, and Arabidopsis thaliana shared close relationships based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure analysis revealed that MtIAA and MtARF genes contained one to four concern motifs and they are localized to eight chromosomes, except chromosome 6 without MtARFs. In addition, some MtIAA and MtARF genes were expressed in all tissues, while others were specifically expressed in specific tissues. Analysis of cis-acting elements in promoter region and expression profiles revealed the potential response of MtIAA and MtARF genes to hormones and abiotic stresses. The prediction protein–protein interaction network showed that some ARF proteins could interact with multiple Aux/IAA proteins, and the reverse is also true. The investigation provides valuable, basic information for further studies on the biological functions of MtIAA and MtARF genes in the regulation of auxin-related pathways in M. truncatula.

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4

Hristov, Danail G. Georgiev, Petya Vassileva Racheva, Galya Konstantinova Toncheva, and Kiril Blazhev Gavazov. "Extraction-Chromogenic System for Cobalt Based on 5-Methyl-4-(2-thiazolylazo) Resorcinol and Benzalkonium Chloride." Acta Chimica Slovenica 68, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2020.6035.

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The interaction between CoII and 5-methyl-4-(2-thiazolylazo)-resorcinol (MTAR) was studied in a water-chloroform system, in the presence or absence of benzalkonium chloride (BZC) as a cationic ion-association reagent. The optimum pH, concentration of the reagents and extraction time for the extraction of Co were found. In the presence of BZC, the extracted ion-associate could be represented by the formula (BZ+)[CoIII(MTAR2–)2], where MTAR is in its deprotonated form. The following extraction-spectrophotometric characteristics were determined: absorption maximum, molar absorptivity, Sandell’s sensitivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, constant of extraction, distribution ratio and fraction extracted. In the absence of BZC, the extraction is incomplete and occurs in a narrow pH range. The extracted chelate contains one deprotonated and one monoprotonated ligand: [CoIII(MTAR2–)(HMTAR–)].

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5

de Oliveira, Augusto Born, Ahmad Saif Ur Rehman, and Sebastian Fischmeister. "mTags." ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 46, no. 2 (July 16, 2012): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2331576.2331587.

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6

Calçada, Dario Brito, Cantídio de Moura Campos Neto, Vivian Lerner Amato, Roberta Akemi Sinoara, and Solange Oliveira Rezende. "Identification of factors related to complications in myocardial revascularization surgery: an approach with multi-target association rules networks." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 15 (November 24, 2022): e506111537638. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i15.37638.

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Myocardial revascularization surgery is one of the recommended approaches for the treatment of chronic coronary disease. Several complications related to mortality, sequelae, length of stay, and hospital costs are also associated with this procedure. Death rates and complications depend on the characteristics of each patient. Knowing the factors related to hospital mortality and complications is paramount to improving outcomes. Association Rules Mining may support the discovery of those factors. In this work we propose a new approach, called Multi-target Association Rules Network (MTARN), to analyze association rules based on networks with a simultaneous focus on two parameters. The use of association rules networks aids the analysis of a high number of association rules and the multi-target strategy allows a complete exploration, explaining which factors directly influence the analyzed set. We evaluated our approach in conjunction with domain experts and compared it to two other approaches: Decision Trees and Filtered-ARNs, a single target approach based on networks for pattern visualization. The results indicates that MTARNs optimize the discovery of knowledge directly linked to complication and death factors in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. These parameters may be used in the construction of an intelligent monitoring system to aid myocardial revascularization patients.

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7

Wang, Zhiqiang, Xiaoling Shi, Yujingyun Zhou, Fang Tang, Xiwu Gao, and Pei Liang. "Cap ‘n’ Collar C and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator Facilitate the Expression of Glutathione S-Transferases Conferring Adaptation to Tannic Acid and Quercetin in Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 2190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032190.

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Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) is a notorious pest of poplar. Coevolution with poplars rich in plant secondary metabolites prompts M. troglodyta to expand effective detoxification mechanisms against toxic plant secondary metabolites. Although glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in xenobiotic detoxification in M. troglodyta, it is unclear how GSTs act in response to toxic secondary metabolites in poplar. In this study, five GST gene core promoters were accurately identified by a 5’ loss luciferase reporter assay, and the core promoters were significantly induced by two plant secondary metabolites in vitro. Two transcription factors, cap ‘n’ collar C (CncC) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), were cloned in M. troglodyta. MtCncC and MtARNT clustered well with other insect CncCs and ARNTs, respectively. In addition, MtCncC and MtARNT could bind the MtGSTt1 promoter and strongly improve transcriptional activity, respectively. However, MtCncC and MtARNT had no regulatory function on the MtGSTz1 promoter. Our findings revealed the molecular mechanisms of the transcription factors MtCncC and MtARNT in regulating the GST genes of M. troglodyta. These results provide useful information for the control of M. troglodyta.

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8

Figuccia, Sonia, Andrea Degiorgi, Camilla Ceccatelli Berti, Enrico Baruffini, Cristina Dallabona, and Paola Goffrini. "Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase and Disease: The Yeast Contribution for Functional Analysis of Novel Variants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 4524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094524.

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In most eukaryotes, mitochondrial protein synthesis is essential for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as some subunits of the respiratory chain complexes are encoded by the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mutations affecting the mitochondrial translation apparatus have been identified as a major cause of mitochondrial diseases. These mutations include either heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations in genes encoding for the mitochondrial rRNA (mtrRNA) and tRNAs (mttRNAs) or mutations in nuclear genes encoding ribosomal proteins, initiation, elongation and termination factors, tRNA-modifying enzymes, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mtARSs). Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the attachment of specific amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. Differently from most mttRNAs, which are encoded by mitochondrial genome, mtARSs are encoded by nuclear genes and then imported into the mitochondria after translation in the cytosol. Due to the extensive use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), an increasing number of mtARSs variants associated with large clinical heterogeneity have been identified in recent years. Being most of these variants private or sporadic, it is crucial to assess their causative role in the disease by functional analysis in model systems. This review will focus on the contributions of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the functional validation of mutations found in mtARSs genes associated with human disorders.

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9

Kalinowski, Piotr, Wiktor Smyk, Małgorzata Nowosad, Rafał Paluszkiewicz, Łukasz Michałowski, Bogna Ziarkiewicz-Wróblewska, Susanne N. Weber, et al. "MTARC1 and HSD17B13 Variants Have Protective Effects on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 15825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415825.

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The severity of hepatic steatosis is modulated by genetic variants, such as patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409, transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926, and membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) rs641738. Recently, mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component 1 (MTARC1) rs2642438 and hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) rs72613567 polymorphisms were shown to have protective effects on liver diseases. Here, we evaluate these variants in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. A total of 165 patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and intraoperative liver biopsies and 314 controls were prospectively recruited. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assays. Overall, 70.3% of operated patients presented with hepatic steatosis. NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) was detected in 28.5% of patients; none had cirrhosis. The increment of liver fibrosis stage was associated with decreasing frequency of the MTARC1 minor allele (p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis MTARC1 was an independent protective factor against fibrosis ≥ 1b (OR = 0.52, p = 0.03) and ≥ 1c (OR = 0.51, p = 0.04). The PNPLA3 risk allele was associated with increased hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and NASH (OR = 2.22, p = 0.04). The HSD17B13 polymorphism was protective against liver injury as reflected by lower AST (p = 0.04) and ALT (p = 0.03) activities. The TM6SF2 polymorphism was associated with increased ALT (p = 0.04). In conclusion, hepatic steatosis is common among patients scheduled for bariatric surgery, but the MTARC1 and HSD17B13 polymorphisms lower liver injury in these individuals.

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10

Mann, Jake P., Maik Pietzner, Laura B. Wittemans, Emmanuela De Lucia Rolfe, Nicola D. Kerrison, Fumiaki Imamura, Nita G. Forouhi, et al. "Insights into genetic variants associated with NASH-fibrosis from metabolite profiling." Human Molecular Genetics 29, no. 20 (July 28, 2020): 3451–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddaa162.

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Abstract Several genetic discoveries robustly implicate five single-nucleotide variants in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis (NASH-fibrosis), including a recently identified variant in MTARC1. To better understand these variants as potential therapeutic targets, we aimed to characterize their impact on metabolism using comprehensive metabolomics data from two population-based studies. A total of 9135 participants from the Fenland study and 9902 participants from the EPIC-Norfolk cohort were included in the study. We identified individuals with risk alleles associated with NASH-fibrosis: rs738409C>G in PNPLA3, rs58542926C>T in TM6SF2, rs641738C>T near MBOAT7, rs72613567TA>T in HSD17B13 and rs2642438A>G in MTARC1. Circulating levels of 1449 metabolites were measured using targeted and untargeted metabolomics. Associations between NASH-fibrosis variants and metabolites were assessed using linear regression. The specificity of variant-metabolite associations were compared to metabolite associations with ultrasound-defined steatosis, gene variants linked to liver fat (in GCKR, PPP1R3B and LYPLAL1) and gene variants linked to cirrhosis (in HFE and SERPINA1). Each NASH-fibrosis variant demonstrated a specific metabolite profile with little overlap (8/97 metabolites) comprising diverse aspects of lipid metabolism. Risk alleles in PNPLA3 and HSD17B13 were both associated with higher 3-methylglutarylcarnitine and three variants were associated with lower lysophosphatidylcholine C14:0. The risk allele in MTARC1 was associated with higher levels of sphingomyelins. There was no overlap with metabolites that associated with HFE or SERPINA1 variants. Our results suggest a link between the NASH-protective variant in MTARC1 to the metabolism of sphingomyelins and identify distinct molecular patterns associated with each of the NASH-fibrosis variants under investigation.

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11

Sartor, Klaus. "Fortbildung - auch für unsere MTARs?!" Radiologie up2date 3, no. 1 (March 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-37873.

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12

Cartwright, C. A., M. A. Hutchinson, and W. Eckhart. "Structural and functional modification of pp60c-src associated with polyoma middle tumor antigen from infected or transformed cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 10 (October 1985): 2647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.10.2647-2652.1985.

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The polyoma middle tumor antigen (MTAg) associates with the src proto-oncogene product pp60c-src in infected or transformed rodent cells. The tyrosine protein kinase activity of pp60c-src, as measured by in vitro phosphorylation of pp60c-src itself or the exogenous substrate enolase, was increased 10- to 20-fold in cells transformed or infected with transformation-competent polyoma virus compared with controls. pp60c-src associated with MTAg and precipitated with polyoma antitumor serum had a novel site(s) of in vitro tyrosine phosphorylation within its amino-terminal domain. These observations suggest that association of MTAg with pp60c-src alters the accessibility of pp60c-src tyrosine residues for phosphorylation in vitro and increases pp60c-src protein kinase activity. Several transformation-defective mutants of MTAg did not cause amino-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of pp60c-src in vitro or enhance its protein kinase activity, suggesting that these properties correlate with the transforming ability of MTAg. However, one transformation-defective MTAg mutant, dl1015, did cause amino-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of pp60c-src in vitro and did enhance its protein kinase activity. This suggests that properties of MTAg, in addition to modifying the structure and function of pp60c-src, may be important for transformation.

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13

Cartwright, C. A., M. A. Hutchinson, and W. Eckhart. "Structural and functional modification of pp60c-src associated with polyoma middle tumor antigen from infected or transformed cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 10 (October 1985): 2647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.10.2647.

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The polyoma middle tumor antigen (MTAg) associates with the src proto-oncogene product pp60c-src in infected or transformed rodent cells. The tyrosine protein kinase activity of pp60c-src, as measured by in vitro phosphorylation of pp60c-src itself or the exogenous substrate enolase, was increased 10- to 20-fold in cells transformed or infected with transformation-competent polyoma virus compared with controls. pp60c-src associated with MTAg and precipitated with polyoma antitumor serum had a novel site(s) of in vitro tyrosine phosphorylation within its amino-terminal domain. These observations suggest that association of MTAg with pp60c-src alters the accessibility of pp60c-src tyrosine residues for phosphorylation in vitro and increases pp60c-src protein kinase activity. Several transformation-defective mutants of MTAg did not cause amino-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of pp60c-src in vitro or enhance its protein kinase activity, suggesting that these properties correlate with the transforming ability of MTAg. However, one transformation-defective MTAg mutant, dl1015, did cause amino-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of pp60c-src in vitro and did enhance its protein kinase activity. This suggests that properties of MTAg, in addition to modifying the structure and function of pp60c-src, may be important for transformation.

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14

EL RUBÉ, IBRAHIM, NAIF ALAJLAN, MOHAMED S. KAMEL, MAHER AHMED, and GEORGE H. FREEMAN. "MTAR: A ROBUST 2D SHAPE REPRESENTATION." International Journal of Image and Graphics 06, no. 03 (July 2006): 421–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021946780600232x.

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In this paper, a new 2D shape Multiscale Triangle-Area Representation (MTAR) method is proposed. This representation utilizes a simple geometric principle, that is, the area of the triangles formed by the shape boundary points. The wavelet transform is used for smoothing and decomposing the shape boundaries into multiscale levels. At each scale level, a TAR image and the corresponding Maxima-Minima lines are obtained. The resulting MTAR is more robust to noise, less complex, and more selective than similar methods such as the curvature scale-space (CSS). Furthermore, the MTAR is invariant to the general affine transformations. The proposed MTAR is tested and compared to the CSS method using MPEG-7 CE-shape-1 part B and Columbia Object Image Library (COIL-20) datasets. The results show that the proposed MTAR outperforms the CSS method for the conducted tests.

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15

CASTELLANI, LEONARDO, RICCARDO D’ AURIA та DAVIDE FRANCO. "ON TYPE II SUPERSTRINGS: THE σ MODEL AND COMPACTIFICATION TO D=4". International Journal of Modern Physics A 06, № 22 (20 вересня 1991): 4009–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x91001969.

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We present a geometric construction of the σ model describing type II superstrings propagating on an arbitrary Mtarget. Specializing the covering space of the internal target manifold to be the nine-dimensional group manifold SU(2)3, we discuss the massless vertices both in the (4+9)-dimensional a model and in the D=4 superconformal theory, and show how they are related via dimensional reduction.

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16

Shelver, Daniel, Lakshmi Rajagopal, Theresa O. Harris, and Craig E. Rubens. "MtaR, a Regulator of Methionine Transport, Is Critical for Survival of Group B Streptococcus In Vivo." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 22 (November 15, 2003): 6592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.22.6592-6599.2003.

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ABSTRACT The group B streptococcus (GBS) is an important human pathogen that infects newborns as well as adults. GBS also provides a model system for studying adaptation to different host environments due to its ability to survive in a variety of sites within the host. In this study, we have characterized a transcription factor, MtaR, that is essential for the ability of GBS to survive in vivo. An isogenic strain bearing a kanamycin insertion in mtaR was attenuated for survival in a neonatal-rat model of sepsis. The mtaR mutant grew poorly in human plasma, suggesting that its utilization of plasma-derived nutrients was inefficient. When an excess of exogenous methionine (200 μg/ml) was provided to the mtaR mutant, its growth rate in plasma was restored to that of the wild-type strain. The mtaR mutant grew poorly in chemically defined medium (CDM) prepared with methionine at a concentration similar to that of plasma (4 μg/ml) but was able to grow normally in CDM prepared with a high concentration of methionine (400 μg/ml). Both the wild-type strain and the mtaR mutant were incapable of growth in CDM lacking methionine, indicating that GBS cannot synthesize methionine de novo. When the abilities of the strains to incorporate radiolabeled methionine were compared, the mtaR mutant incorporated fivefold less methionine than the wild-type strain during a 10-min period. Collectively, the results from this study suggest that the ability to regulate expression of a methionine transport system is critical for GBS survival in vivo.

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17

Ono, M., M. Yakushinji, K. Segawa, and M. Kuwano. "Transformation by viral and cellular oncogenes of a mouse BALB/3T3 cell mutant resistant to transformation by chemical carcinogens." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 10 (October 1988): 4190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.10.4190-4196.1988.

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The mouse cell line MO-5 is resistant to transformation by various chemical carcinogens and also by UV irradiation (C. Yasutake, Y. Kuratomi, M. Ono, S. Masumi, and M. Kuwano, Cancer Res. 47:4894-4899, 1987). Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed active expression of ras and myc genes in MO-5 and BALB/3T3 cells. The effect of transfection of various oncogenes on transformation was compared in MO-5 cells and parental BALB/3T3 cells. Activated c-H-ras, c-N-ras, and v-mos gene induced transformation foci of MO-5 and BALB/3T3. Introduction of the polyomavirus middle T-antigen (mTag) or the Rous sarcoma virus-related oncogene v-src, however, efficiently transformed BALB/3T3 but not MO-5 cells. Expression and phosphorylation of mTag and the associated c-src proteins were observed in mTag-transfected clones of MO-5 as in BALB/3T3 and phosphorylation of the src protein was observed in v-src-transfected BALB/3T3 and MO-5 clones. Hybrids between mTag- or v-src-induced transformants of BALB/3T3 and untransformed MO-5 maintained the transformation phenotype, suggesting that no dominant suppressor of transformation exists in MO-5. A hybrid clone between BALB/3T3 and MO-5 induced efficient transformation foci after transfection with the mTag gene, suggesting that the deficient transformation phenotype of MO-5 was recessive. Instead, some other alteration of MO-5, plausibly membrane function, might lead to abortive transformation by chemical carcinogens and also by mTag and the v-src gene product.

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Ono, M., M. Yakushinji, K. Segawa, and M. Kuwano. "Transformation by viral and cellular oncogenes of a mouse BALB/3T3 cell mutant resistant to transformation by chemical carcinogens." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 10 (October 1988): 4190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.10.4190.

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The mouse cell line MO-5 is resistant to transformation by various chemical carcinogens and also by UV irradiation (C. Yasutake, Y. Kuratomi, M. Ono, S. Masumi, and M. Kuwano, Cancer Res. 47:4894-4899, 1987). Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed active expression of ras and myc genes in MO-5 and BALB/3T3 cells. The effect of transfection of various oncogenes on transformation was compared in MO-5 cells and parental BALB/3T3 cells. Activated c-H-ras, c-N-ras, and v-mos gene induced transformation foci of MO-5 and BALB/3T3. Introduction of the polyomavirus middle T-antigen (mTag) or the Rous sarcoma virus-related oncogene v-src, however, efficiently transformed BALB/3T3 but not MO-5 cells. Expression and phosphorylation of mTag and the associated c-src proteins were observed in mTag-transfected clones of MO-5 as in BALB/3T3 and phosphorylation of the src protein was observed in v-src-transfected BALB/3T3 and MO-5 clones. Hybrids between mTag- or v-src-induced transformants of BALB/3T3 and untransformed MO-5 maintained the transformation phenotype, suggesting that no dominant suppressor of transformation exists in MO-5. A hybrid clone between BALB/3T3 and MO-5 induced efficient transformation foci after transfection with the mTag gene, suggesting that the deficient transformation phenotype of MO-5 was recessive. Instead, some other alteration of MO-5, plausibly membrane function, might lead to abortive transformation by chemical carcinogens and also by mTag and the v-src gene product.

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Hill, W. David. "Comment on ‘Large-Scale Cognitive GWAS Meta-Analysis Reveals Tissue-Specific Neural Expression and Potential Nootropic Drug Targets’ by Lam et al." Twin Research and Human Genetics 21, no. 2 (March 19, 2018): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2018.12.

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Intelligence and educational attainment are strongly genetically correlated. This relationship can be exploited by Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS (MTAG) to add power to Genome-wide Association Studies (GWAS) of intelligence. MTAG allows the user to meta-analyze GWASs of different phenotypes, based on their genetic correlations, to identify association's specific to the trait of choice. An MTAG analysis using GWAS data sets on intelligence and education was conducted by Lam et al. (2017). Lam et al. (2017) reported 70 loci that they described as ‘trait specific’ to intelligence. This article examines whether the analysis conducted by Lam et al. (2017) has resulted in genetic information about a phenotype that is more similar to education than intelligence.

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Abascal, F., D. Posada, and R. Zardoya. "MtArt: A New Model of Amino Acid Replacement for Arthropoda." Molecular Biology and Evolution 24, no. 1 (October 16, 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msl136.

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21

Rehman, Ahmad Saif Ur, Augusto Born de Oliveira, Mahesh Tripunitara, and Sebastian Fischmeister. "The use of mTags for mandatory security: a case study." Software: Practice and Experience 44, no. 12 (September 19, 2013): 1511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/spe.2222.

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22

BEN YOUSSEF, Youssef, Mohamed Merrouchi, Elhassane Abdelmounim, and Taoufiq Gadi. "Classification of Aircraft in Remote Sensing Images Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks." Statistics, Optimization & Information Computing 10, no. 1 (February 8, 2022): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19139/soic-2310-5070-1143.

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Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a component of Deep Learning(DL) recently exploited in different fifields. In this work, we improve the performance of multi-label classifification based on CNN for remote sensing images of aircraft types. Intensive preprocessing limits the classifification rate in previous studies. In order to avoid under-fifitting and over-fifitting problems, we optimized the architecture and Network parameters. To validate our method the recent public image dataset called Multi-Type Aircraft Remote Sensing Images (MTARSI) is used. Extensive experiments prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of classifification rate.

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23

Rössing, Claudia, and Dorothee Berief. "Anpassung der Berufsbezeichnung und noch einiges mehr – das neue Gesetz für Medizin Technologische Berufe (MTBG-bisher MTA-Gesetz)." Klinische Neurophysiologie 53, no. 01 (March 2022): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1734-2481.

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Die Berufsausübung der MTA-Berufe basiert auf dem MTA-Gesetz (MTAG) von 1993. Seitdem gab es vielfältige Veränderungen im Klinik- und Praxisalltag, die eine Novellierung des Gesetzes dringend erforderlich machten. Dafür setzte sich in den vergangenen Jahren der Dachverband für Technologen/-innen und Analytiker/-innen in der Medizin Deutschland e.V. (DVTA) ein. Im Juni 2020 erreichte den Bundesvorstand des DVTA die Information aus dem Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (BMG), dass die Neuordnung des MTAG auf den Weg gebracht wird. Ab 01.01.2023 tritt das neue MT-Berufe-Gesetz in Kraft.

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24

Augustine, J. A., S. L. Sutor, and R. T. Abraham. "Interleukin 2- and polyomavirus middle T antigen-induced modification of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in activated T lymphocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 9 (September 1991): 4431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.9.4431-4440.1991.

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Stimulation of activated T lymphocytes with interleukin 2 (IL-2) results in rapid increases in intracellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Both the identity of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activated by IL-2 receptor ligation and the identities of the critical target proteins for this PTK remain largely undefined. In this article, we demonstrate that stimulation of activated murine or human T cells with IL-2 for 10 to 30 min induces two- to threefold increases in the level of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase activity present in antiphosphotyrosine (p-Tyr) antibody immunoprecipitates from these cells. Furthermore, substantial levels of PtdIns 3-kinase activity were coprecipitated from IL-2-deprived T cells by antibodies to the src-related PTK p59fyn. Cellular stimulation with IL-2 induced a two- to threefold increase in the level of p59fyn-associated PtdIns 3-kinase activity. To examine the effect of a constitutive increase in PtdIns 3-kinase activity on the growth factor responsiveness of activated T cells, murine CTLL-2 cells were transfected with a polyomavirus middle T antigen (MTAg) expression vector. Anti-p-Tyr and anti-p59fyn immunoprecipitates from MTAg-transfected CTLL-2 cells contained three- to sixfold higher levels of PtdIns 3-kinase activity than wild-type cells. Immune complex kinase assays revealed that MTAg expression concomitantly induced a constitutive threefold increase in the PTK activity of p59fyn in these cells. However, stable MTAg expression did not abrogate the dependence of CTLL-2 cells on exogenous IL-2 for continued growth and proliferation.

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25

Augustine, J. A., S. L. Sutor, and R. T. Abraham. "Interleukin 2- and polyomavirus middle T antigen-induced modification of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in activated T lymphocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 9 (September 1991): 4431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.9.4431.

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Анотація:

Stimulation of activated T lymphocytes with interleukin 2 (IL-2) results in rapid increases in intracellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Both the identity of the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activated by IL-2 receptor ligation and the identities of the critical target proteins for this PTK remain largely undefined. In this article, we demonstrate that stimulation of activated murine or human T cells with IL-2 for 10 to 30 min induces two- to threefold increases in the level of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase activity present in antiphosphotyrosine (p-Tyr) antibody immunoprecipitates from these cells. Furthermore, substantial levels of PtdIns 3-kinase activity were coprecipitated from IL-2-deprived T cells by antibodies to the src-related PTK p59fyn. Cellular stimulation with IL-2 induced a two- to threefold increase in the level of p59fyn-associated PtdIns 3-kinase activity. To examine the effect of a constitutive increase in PtdIns 3-kinase activity on the growth factor responsiveness of activated T cells, murine CTLL-2 cells were transfected with a polyomavirus middle T antigen (MTAg) expression vector. Anti-p-Tyr and anti-p59fyn immunoprecipitates from MTAg-transfected CTLL-2 cells contained three- to sixfold higher levels of PtdIns 3-kinase activity than wild-type cells. Immune complex kinase assays revealed that MTAg expression concomitantly induced a constitutive threefold increase in the PTK activity of p59fyn in these cells. However, stable MTAg expression did not abrogate the dependence of CTLL-2 cells on exogenous IL-2 for continued growth and proliferation.

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26

Lee, Oesook, and Dong Wan Shin. "On geometric ergodicity of the MTAR process." Statistics & Probability Letters 48, no. 3 (July 2000): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7152(99)00208-4.

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27

Klimašauskas, Saulius, Gražvydas Lukinavičius, Edita Kriukienė, Giedrė Urbanavičiūtė, Rūta Gerasimaitė, Zdislav Staševskij, Alexandra Plotnikova, and Giedrius Vilkaitis. "MTAG: A new molecular tool for biotechnology." Journal of Biotechnology 136 (October 2008): S100—S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.229.

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28

Zhao, Yang, Rong Liu, Yiteng Xu, Minmin Wang, Jing Zhang, Mingyi Bai, Chao Han, et al. "AGLF provides C-function in floral organ identity through transcriptional regulation of AGAMOUS in Medicago truncatula." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 11 (February 19, 2019): 5176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820468116.

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Floral development is one of the model systems for investigating the mechanisms underlying organogenesis in plants. Floral organ identity is controlled by the well-known ABC model, which has been generalized to many flowering plants. Here, we report a previously uncharacterized MYB-like gene, AGAMOUS-LIKE FLOWER (AGLF), involved in flower development in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Loss-of-function of AGLF results in flowers with stamens and carpel transformed into extra whorls of petals and sepals. Compared with the loss-of-function mutant of the class C gene AGAMOUS (MtAG) in M. truncatula, the defects in floral organ identity are similar between aglf and mtag, but the floral indeterminacy is enhanced in the aglf mutant. Knockout of AGLF in the mutants of the class A gene MtAP1 or the class B gene MtPI leads to an addition of a loss-of-C-function phenotype, reflecting a conventional relationship of AGLF with the canonical A and B genes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AGLF activates MtAG in transcriptional levels in control of floral organ identity. These data shed light on the conserved and diverged molecular mechanisms that control flower development and morphology among plant species.

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29

Rixen, Sophia, Patrick M. Indorf, Christian Kubitza, Michel A. Struwe, Cathrin Klopp, Axel J. Scheidig, Thomas Kunze, and Bernd Clement. "Reduction of Hydrogen Peroxide by Human Mitochondrial Amidoxime Reducing Component Enzymes." Molecules 28, no. 17 (August 31, 2023): 6384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176384.

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The mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) is a human molybdoenzyme known to catalyze the reduction of various N-oxygenated substrates. The physiological function of mARC enzymes, however, remains unknown. In this study, we examine the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by the human mARC1 and mARC2 enzymes. Furthermore, we demonstrate an increased sensitivity toward H2O2 for HEK-293T cells with an MTARC1 knockout, which implies a role of mARC enzymes in the cellular response to oxidative stress. H2O2 is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed in all living cells involved in many physiological processes. Furthermore, H2O2 constitutes the first mARC substrate without a nitrogen–oxygen bond, implying that mARC enzymes may have a substrate spectrum going beyond the previously examined N-oxygenated compounds.

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30

Cook, Steve. "Simulation Analysis of Threshold Autoregressive Unit Root Tests." ISRN Probability and Statistics 2012 (June 20, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/649134.

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Using numerical simulation, the finite-sample properties of threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum-threshold (MTAR) autoregressive-based unit root tests under both deterministic and consistent methods of threshold estimation are examined in the presence of generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH). Previous research is extended by considering both the impact of alternative robust methods of covariance matrix estimation and the behaviour of the secondary tests of asymmetry associated with the TAR and MTAR models. The results obtained reveal many interesting features, in particular the distortionary effects of consistent-threshold estimation. In summary, the findings presented indicate that caution should be exercised when interpreting the results of these frequently employed threshold-based testing methods.

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31

Faccioli, Lanuza A. P., Zeliha Cetin, Zehra N. Kocas-Kilicarslan, Kimberly Ortiz, Yiyue Sun, Zhiping Hu, Takeshi Kurihara, et al. "Evaluation of Human Hepatocyte Drug Metabolism Carrying High-Risk or Protection-Associated Liver Disease Genetic Variants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 17 (August 29, 2023): 13406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713406.

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Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which affects 30 million people in the US and is anticipated to reach over 100 million by 2030, places a significant financial strain on the healthcare system. There is presently no FDA-approved treatment for MASLD despite its public health significance and financial burden. Understanding the connection between point mutations, liver enzymes, and MASLD is important for comprehending drug toxicity in healthy or diseased individuals. Multiple genetic variations have been linked to MASLD susceptibility through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), either increasing MASLD risk or protecting against it, such as PNPLA3 rs738409, MBOAT7 rs641738, GCKR rs780094, HSD17B13 rs72613567, and MTARC1 rs2642438. As the impact of genetic variants on the levels of drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in human hepatocytes has not been thoroughly investigated, this study aims to describe the analysis of metabolic functions for selected phase I and phase II liver enzymes in human hepatocytes. For this purpose, fresh isolated primary hepatocytes were obtained from healthy liver donors (n = 126), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was performed. For the cohorts, participants were classified into minor homozygotes and nonminor homozygotes (major homozygotes + heterozygotes) for five gene polymorphisms. For phase I liver enzymes, we found a significant difference in the activity of CYP1A2 in human hepatocytes carrying MBOAT7 (p = 0.011) and of CYP2C8 in human hepatocytes carrying PNPLA3 (p = 0.004). It was also observed that the activity of CYP2C9 was significantly lower in human hepatocytes carrying HSD17B13 (p = 0.001) minor homozygous compared to nonminor homozygous. No significant difference in activity of CYP2E1, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, ECOD, FMO, MAO, AO, and CES2 and in any of the phase II liver enzymes between human hepatocytes carrying genetic variants for PNPLA3 rs738409, MBOAT7 rs641738, GCKR rs780094, HSD17B13 rs72613567, and MTARC1 rs2642438 were observed. These findings offer a preliminary assessment of the influence of genetic variations on drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in healthy human hepatocytes, which may be useful for future drug discovery investigations.

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32

Schneider, Carolin V., Kai Markus Schneider, Donna M. Conlon, Joseph Park, Marijana Vujkovic, Inuk Zandvakili, Yi-An Ko, et al. "A genome-first approach to mortality and metabolic phenotypes in MTARC1 p.Ala165Thr (rs2642438) heterozygotes and homozygotes." Med 2, no. 7 (July 2021): 851–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2021.04.011.

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33

Acquah, Henry de-Graft. "Threshold Effects and Asymmetric Price Adjustments within the Ghanaian Maize Market." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 4, no. 9 (September 15, 2012): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v4i9.351.

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This study investigated co integration and asymmetric adjustments in the end equilibrium between Ghanaian retail and wholesale maize markets using the Enders and Siklos technique. Two competing models, namely Consistent Threshold Autoregressive (C-TAR) and Consistent Momentum Threshold Autoregressive (C-MTAR) models were estimated. Following the application of a standard model selection technique, CMTAR model is selected as most appropriate. The results of the C-MTAR model confirm that the retail and wholesale prices of maize in Ghana are co integrated with threshold adjustment. Furthermore, it suggests that the process is asymmetric when the retail and wholesale prices of Ghanaian maize adjust to achieve the longterm equilibrium. Additionally, the adjustment is relatively faster when the price differential is increasing than when it is decreasing.

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34

Liu, Kezhi, Ling Zhu, Minglan Yu, Xuemei Liang, Jin Zhang, Youguo Tan, Chaohua Huang, et al. "A Combined Analysis of Genetically Correlated Traits Identifies Genes and Brain Regions for Insomnia." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 65, no. 12 (July 10, 2020): 874–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743720940547.

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Aims: Previous studies have inferred that there is a strong genetic component in insomnia. However, the etiology of insomnia is still unclear. This study systematically analyzed multiple genome-wide association study (GWAS) data sets with core human pathways and functional networks to detect potential gene pathways and networks associated with insomnia. Methods: We used a novel method, multitrait analysis of genome-wide association studies (MTAG), to combine 3 large GWASs of insomnia symptoms/complaints and sleep duration. The i-Gsea4GwasV2 and Reactome FI programs were used to analyze data from the result of MTAG analysis and the nominally significant pathways, respectively. Results: Through analyzing data sets using the MTAG program, our sample size increased from 113,006 subjects to 163,188 subjects. A total of 17 of 1,816 Reactome pathways were identified and showed to be associated with insomnia. We further revealed 11 interconnected functional and topologically interacting clusters (Clusters 0 to 10) that were associated with insomnia. Based on the brain transcriptome data, it was found that the genes in Cluster 4 were enriched for the transcriptional coexpression profile in the prenatal dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( P = 7 × 10−5), inferolateral temporal cortex ( P = 0.02), medial prefrontal cortex ( P < 1 × 10−5), and amygdala ( P < 1 × 10−5), and detected RPA2, ORC6, PIAS3, and PRIM2 as core nodes in these 4 brain regions. Conclusions: The findings provided new genes, pathways, and brain regions to understand the pathology of insomnia.

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35

Lauderdale, Lisa K., K. Alex Shorter, Ding Zhang, Joaquin Gabaldon, Jill D. Mellen, Michael T. Walsh, Douglas A. Granger, and Lance J. Miller. "Bottlenose dolphin habitat and management factors related to activity and distance traveled in zoos and aquariums." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): e0250687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250687.

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High-resolution non-invasive cetacean tagging systems can be used to investigate the influence of habitat characteristics and management factors on behavior by quantifying activity levels and distance traveled by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus and Tursiops aduncus) in accredited zoos and aquariums. Movement Tags (MTags), a bio-logging device, were used to record a suite of kinematic and environmental information outside of formal training sessions as part of a larger study titled “Towards understanding the welfare of cetaceans in zoos and aquariums” (colloquially called the Cetacean Welfare Study). The purpose of the present study was to explore if and how habitat characteristics, environmental enrichment programs, and training programs were related to the distance traveled and energy expenditure of dolphins in accredited zoos and aquariums. Bottlenose dolphins in accredited zoos and aquariums wore MTags one day per week for two five-week data collection periods. Overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA), a proxy for energy expenditure, and average distance traveled per hour (ADT) of 60 dolphins in 31 habitats were examined in relation to demographic, habitat, and management factors. Participating facilities were accredited by the Alliance for Marine Mammal Parks and/or Aquariums and the Association of Zoos & Aquariums. Two factors were found to be related to ADT while six factors were associated with ODBA. The results showed that enrichment programs were strongly related to both ODBA and ADT. Scheduling predictable training session times was also positively associated with ADT. The findings suggested that habitat characteristics had a relatively weak association with ODBA and were not related to ADT. In combination, the results suggested that management practices were more strongly related to activity levels than habitat characteristics.

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36

Lam, Max, Joey W. Trampush, Jin Yu, Emma Knowles, Srdjan Djurovic, Ingrid Melle, Kjetil Sundet, et al. "Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS and Biological Insights Into Cognition: A Response to Hill (2018)." Twin Research and Human Genetics 21, no. 5 (July 13, 2018): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2018.46.

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Hill (Twin Research and Human Genetics, Vol. 21, 2018, 84–88) presented a critique of our recently published paper in Cell Reports entitled ‘Large-Scale Cognitive GWAS Meta-Analysis Reveals Tissue-Specific Neural Expression and Potential Nootropic Drug Targets’ (Lam et al., Cell Reports, Vol. 21, 2017, 2597–2613). Specifically, Hill offered several interrelated comments suggesting potential problems with our use of a new analytic method called Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS (MTAG) (Turley et al., Nature Genetics, Vol. 50, 2018, 229–237). In this brief article, we respond to each of these concerns. Using empirical data, we conclude that our MTAG results do not suffer from ‘inflation in the FDR [false discovery rate]’, as suggested by Hill (Twin Research and Human Genetics, Vol. 21, 2018, 84–88), and are not ‘more relevant to the genetic contributions to education than they are to the genetic contributions to intelligence’.

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37

Jung, Yoon Young, Dong Wan Shin, and Man-Suk Oh. "Bayesian analysis of panel data using an MTAR model." Journal of Applied Statistics 32, no. 8 (October 2005): 841–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664760500080132.

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38

Abubakar, Attahir B. "Oil Price and Exchange Rate Nexus in Nigeria: Are there Asymmetries." Central Bank of Nigeria Journal of Applied Statistics, Vol. 10 No. 1 (August 27, 2019): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33429/cjas.10119.1/6.

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This paper examines the dynamics in the relationship between oil price and exchange rate in Nigeria by utilizing monthly data spanning January 1986 to June 2018. It specifically determines asymmetries in the relationship between oil price and exchange rate and the effect of oil price shocks on exchange rate. Threshold Autoregressive (TAR), Momentum Threshold autoregressive (MTAR) and Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) models were employed for the analysis. Findings of TAR and MTAR models confirm the absence of asymmetric cointegration, hence leading to the conclusion that in the case of Nigeria, there are no asymmetries in the relationship between oil price and exchange rate. Findings from the SVAR model show gradual appreciation (though with some time lag) of naira following positive shocks to oil price. The study recommends among others the need for diversification of foreign exchange earnings base of the economy, so as to minimise the effect of negative shocks to oil price.

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39

Self, James K., and Ike Mathur. "Asymmetric Stationarity in National Stock Market Indices: An MTAR Analysis*." Journal of Business 79, no. 6 (November 2006): 3153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/505252.

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40

Rohr, Cherise J. B., Hilary Ranson, Xuelan Wang, and Nora J. Besansky. "Structure and Evolution of mtanga, a Retrotransposon Actively Expressed on the Y Chromosome of the African Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae." Molecular Biology and Evolution 19, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004067.

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41

Tiwari, Aviral Kumar, and Mihai Mutascu. "The revenues-spending nexus in Romania: a TAR and MTAR approach." Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja 29, no. 1 (January 2016): 735–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2016.1197549.

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42

Batch, Yamen, Maryati Mohd Yusof, Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah, and Teh Phoey Lee. "MTag: A model to enable collaborative medical tagging in medical blogs." Procedia Computer Science 3 (2011): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.128.

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43

Turley, Patrick, Raymond K. Walters, Omeed Maghzian, Aysu Okbay, James J. Lee, Mark Alan Fontana, Tuan Anh Nguyen-Viet, et al. "Multi-trait analysis of genome-wide association summary statistics using MTAG." Nature Genetics 50, no. 2 (January 1, 2018): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-017-0009-4.

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44

Zhao, Baojun, Wei Tang, Yu Pan, Yuqi Han, and Wenzheng Wang. "Aircraft Type Recognition in Remote Sensing Images: Bilinear Discriminative Extreme Learning Machine Framework." Electronics 10, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 2046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10172046.

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Small inter-class and massive intra-class changes are important challenges in aircraft model recognition in the field of remote sensing. Although the aircraft model recognition algorithm based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) has excellent recognition performance, it is limited by sample sets and computing resources. To solve the above problems, we propose the bilinear discriminative extreme learning machine (ELM) network (BD-ELMNet), which integrates the advantages of the CNN, autoencoder (AE), and ELM. Specifically, the BD-ELMNet first executes the convolution and pooling operations to form a convolutional ELM (ELMConvNet) to extract shallow features. Furthermore, the manifold regularized ELM-AE (MRELM-AE), which can simultaneously consider the geometrical structure and discriminative information of aircraft data, is developed to extract discriminative features. The bilinear pooling model uses the feature association information for feature fusion to enhance the substantial distinction of features. Compared with the backpropagation (BP) optimization method, BD-ELMNet adopts a layer-by-layer training method without repeated adjustments to effectively learn discriminant features. Experiments involving the application of several methods, including the proposed method, to the MTARSI benchmark demonstrate that the proposed aircraft type recognition method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

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45

Lukinavičius, Gražvydas, Vidmantas Lapienė, Zdislav Staševskij, Christian Dalhoff, Elmar Weinhold, and Saulius Klimašauskas. "Targeted Labeling of DNA by Methyltransferase-Directed Transfer of Activated Groups (mTAG)." Journal of the American Chemical Society 129, no. 10 (March 2007): 2758–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0691876.

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46

Shin, Dong Wan, and Oesook Lee. "Unit root tests for panel MTAR model with cross-sectionally dependent error." Metrika 67, no. 3 (June 14, 2007): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00184-007-0135-6.

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47

Behr, Andreas. "A rolling MTAR model to test for efficient stock pricing and asymmetric adjustment." Applied Financial Economics 17, no. 18 (December 2007): 1479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603100500426424.

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48

Bryan, Joshua D., Roxanne Liles, Urska Cvek, Marjan Trutschl, and Daniel Shelver. "Global transcriptional profiling reveals Streptococcus agalactiae genes controlled by the MtaR transcription factor." BMC Genomics 9, no. 1 (2008): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-9-607.

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49

Turley, Patrick, Raymond K. Walters, Omeed Maghzian, Aysu Okbay, James J. Lee, Mark Alan Fontana, Tuan Anh Nguyen-Viet, et al. "Publisher Correction: Multi-trait analysis of genome-wide association summary statistics using MTAG." Nature Genetics 51, no. 7 (May 30, 2019): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0444-5.

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50

Turley, Patrick, Raymond K. Walters, Omeed Maghzian, Aysu Okbay, James J. Lee, Mark Alan Fontana, Tuan Anh Nguyen-Viet, et al. "Author Correction: Multi-trait analysis of genome-wide association summary statistics using MTAG." Nature Genetics 51, no. 8 (June 25, 2019): 1295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0469-9.

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