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1
Xiao, Chuqiao, Xueqing Gong, Yefeng Xia, and Qian Zhang. "PB: A Product-Bitmatrix Construction to Reduce the Complexity of XOR Operations of PM-MSR and PM-MBR Codes over GF 2 w." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (January 29, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6642121.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Edge computing, as an emerging computing paradigm, aims to reduce network bandwidth transmission overhead while storing and processing data on edge nodes. However, the storage strategies required for edge nodes are different from those for existing data centers. Erasure code (EC) strategies have been applied in some decentralized storage systems to ensure the privacy and security of data storage. Product-matrix (PM) regenerating codes (RGCs) as a state-of-the-art EC family are designed to minimize the repair bandwidth overhead or minimize the storage overhead. Nevertheless, the high complexity of the PM framework contains more finite-domain multiplication operations than classical ECs, which heavily consumes computational resources at the edge nodes. In this paper, a theoretical derivation of each step of the PM minimum storage regeneration (PM-MSR) and PM minimum bandwidth regeneration (PM-MBR) codes is performed and the XOR complexity over finite fields is analyzed. On this basis, a new construct called product bitmatrix (PB) is designed to reduce the complexity of XOR operations in the PM framework, and two heuristics are used to further reduce the XOR numbers of the PB-MSR and PB-MBR codes, respectively. The evaluation results show that the PB construction significantly reduces the XOR number compared to the PM-MSR, PM-MBR, Reed–Solomon (RS), and Cauchy RS codes while retaining optimal performance and reliability.
2
Guruswami, Venkatesan, Satyanarayana V. Lokam та Sai Vikneshwar Mani Jayaraman. "ϵ-MSR Codes: Contacting Fewer Code Blocks for Exact Repair". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 66, № 11 (листопад 2020): 6749–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2020.3023110.
Повний текст джерела
3
He, Long, Cheng-Gang Yu, Wei Guo, Ye Dai, Hai-Ling Wang, and Xiang-Zhou Cai. "Development of a Coupled Code for Steady-State Analysis of the Graphite-Moderated Channel Type Molten Salt Reactor." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4053254.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The molten salt reactor (MSR) is one of the six advanced reactor concepts selected by Generation IV International Forum (GIF) because of its inherent safety and the promising capabilities of TRU transmutation and Th-U breeding. In this study, a three-dimensional thermal-hydraulic model (3DTH) is developed for evaluating the steady-state performance of the graphite-moderated channel type MSR. The coupled code is developed by exchanging the power distribution, temperature, and fuel density distribution between SCALE and 3DTH. Firstly, the thermal-hydraulic model of the coupled code is validated by RELAP5 code. Then, the mass flow distribution, temperature field, keff, and power density distribution for a conceptual design of the 2MWt experimental molten salt reactor are calculated and analyzed by the coupled code under both normal operating situation and the central fuel assembly partly blocked situation. The simulated results are conductive to facilitate the understanding of the steady behavior of the graphite-moderated channel type MSR.
4
Constable, Charlie, Ben Lindley, and Geoff Parks. "ZERO POWER CRITICALITY BENCHMARK EVALUATION OF THE MSRE IN WIMS." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 10012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124710012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper discusses work done to benchmark the deterministic code WIMS [1] against the Monte Carlo code Serpent [2] and experiment. Comparison is made against the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment at Oak Ridge National Laboratory as well as a Serpent model produced at the University of California, Berkeley. Producing a model for an MSR is possible thanks to the development of the next version of WIMS, WIMS11. The structure of the WIMS model built is discussed, and the final predicted criticality value for the MSR is given. This compares favourably with the Serpent model; however, both codes predict values considerably different to those expected. Potential reasons for this are suggested. However, it is concluded that WIMS has successfully been benchmarked against the current state of the art. This provides confirmation that this is a valid approach for molten salt reactor research analysis.
5
Krepel, Jiri, Ulrich Grundmann, Ulrich Rohde, and Frank-Peter Weiss. "DYN1D-MSR dynamics code for molten salt reactors." Annals of Nuclear Energy 32, no. 17 (November 2005): 1799–824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2005.07.007.
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6
Křepel, Jiří, Ulrich Rohde, Ulrich Grundmann, and Frank-Peter Weiss. "DYN3D-MSR spatial dynamics code for molten salt reactors." Annals of Nuclear Energy 34, no. 6 (June 2007): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2006.12.011.
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de Oliveira, Rodrigo G. G., and Boris A. Hombourger. "FUEL TAP: A SIMPLIFIED BREED AND BURN MSR." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124701007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Breed-and-burn Molten Salt Reactors are an interesting option of reactor design that allow high fuel utilization while operating on an open fuel cycle. Such reactors usually require specialized codes in order to model its fuel cycle and the flowing fuel in an unmoderated core. In this work, we propose a design and perform a preliminary analysis of a homogeneous chloride salt single-fluid design. The fuel cycle is analyzed using the EQL0D tool in order to model reactor start-up and transition into an equilibrium state. Core simulation is performed using ATARI, an OpenFOAM-based multiphysics code developed at PSI. Results show that the core size for such a reactor is quite big and that it can be easily started with high-assay LEU. In addition, the core has been designed to promote a quasi-1D flow, opening the possibility of modeling the core with legacy codes in the future.
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Adelman, S. T., M. A. Hoffman, and J. W. Baughn. "A Methane-Steam Reformer for a Basic Chemically Recuperated Gas Turbine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812768.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Several illustrative designs are presented for a methane-steam reformer (MSR) that is used as a chemical recuperator in a Basic Chemically Recuperated Gas Turbine power cycle (a “Basic” CRGT is defined as one without intercooling or reheat). In this cycle, an MSR, heated by the turbine exhaust flow, converts a methane-steam mixture into a hydrogen-rich fuel that powers the gas turbine. A computer code was developed to calculate the size and performance characteristics of counterflow reformers. The code consists of a one-dimensional marching scheme that integrates the chemical, thermodynamic, and geometric variables along the heat exchanger/reformer tubes. The calculated designs were selected to give near-minimum catalyst volumes. These designs show that maintaining a high reformer gas temperature, using combustion-side heat transfer augmentation techniques, and using a catalyst of high reactivity are critical to obtaining a compact reformer design.
9
Pinzger, Martin, Emanuel Giger, and Harald C. Gall. "Comparing fine-grained source code changes and code churn for bug prediction - A retrospective." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 46, no. 3 (July 14, 2021): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3468744.3468751.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
More than two decades ago, researchers started to mine the data stored in software repositories to help software developers in making informed decisions for developing and testing software systems. Bug prediction was one of the most promising and popular research directions that uses the data stored in software repositories to predict the bug-proneness or number of bugs in source files. On that topic and as part of Emanuel's PhD studies, we submitted a paper with the title Comparing fine-grained source code changes and code churn for bug prediction [8] to the 8th Working Conference on Mining Software Engineering, held 2011 in beautiful Honolulu, Hawaii. Ten years later, it got selected as one of the finalists to receive the MSR 2021 Most Influential Paper Award. In the following, we provide a retrospective on our work, describing the road to publishing this paper, its impact in the field of bug prediction, and the road ahead.
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Ye, Miao, Ruoyu Wei, Wei Guo, Qiuxiang Jiang, Hongbing Qiu, and Yong Wang. "A New Method for Reconstructing Data on a Single Failure Node in the Distributed Storage System Based on the MSR Code." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (March 31, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5574255.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a storage method for a distributed storage system, an erasure code can save storage space and repair the data of failed nodes. However, most studies that discuss the repair of fault nodes in the erasure code mode only focus on the condition that the bandwidth of heterogeneous links restricts the repair rate but ignore the condition that the storage node is heterogeneous, the cost of repair traffic in the repair process, and the influence of the failure of secondary nodes on the repair process. An optimal repair strategy based on the minimum storage regenerative (MSR) code and a hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed for single-node fault scenarios to solve the above problems. In this work, the single-node data repair problem is modeled as an optimization problem of an optimal Steiner tree with constraints considering heterogeneous link bandwidth and heterogeneous node processing capacity and takes repair traffic and repair delay as optimization objectives. After that, a hybrid genetic algorithm is designed to solve the problem. The experimental results show that under the same scales used in the MSR code cases, our approach has good robustness and its repair delay decreases by 10% and 55% compared with the conventional tree repair topology and star repair topology, respectively; the repair flow increases by 10% compared with the star topology, and the flow rate of the conventional tree repair topology decreases by 40%.
11
Raffuzzi, Valeria, and Jiri Krepel. "SIMULATION OF BREED AND BURN FUEL CYCLE OPERATION OF MOLTEN SALT REACTOR IN BATCH-WISE REFUELING MODE." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 13003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124713003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is one of the most revolutionary Gen-IV reactors and it can be operated, especially with chloride salts, in the so-called breed and burn fuel cycle. In this type of fuel cycle the fissile isotopes from spent fuel do not need to be reprocessed, because the excess bred fuel covers the losses. The liquid phase of the MSR fuel assures its instant homogenization, and the reactor can be operated with batch-wise refueling thus reaching an equilibrium state. At the same time, the active core of the chloride fast MSR needs to be bulky to limit neutron leakage. In this study, the code Serpent 2 was coupled to the Python script BBP to simulate batch-wise operation of the breed and burn MSR fuel cycle. The script, previously developed for solid assemblies shuffling, was modified to simulate fuel homogenization after fertile material addition. Several fuel salts and fission products removal strategies were simulated and their impact was analyzed. Similarly, the influence of blanket volume was assessed in a two-fluid core layout. The results showed that the reactivity initially grows during the irradiation period and later decreases. The blanket has a large impact on the performance and it can be used to further increase the fuel burnup or to shrink the active core size. The breed and burn fuel cycle in MSR can reach high fuel utilization without fuel reprocessing and a multi-fluid layout can help to decrease the core size.
12
Hemel, Armijn, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Rob Vermaas, and Eelco Dolstra. "Finding Software License Violations Through Binary Code Clone Detection - A Retrospective." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 46, no. 3 (July 14, 2021): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3468744.3468752.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ten years ago, we published the article Finding software license violations through binary code clone detection at the MSR 2011 conference. Our paper was motivated by the tendency of em- bedded hardware vendors to only release binary blobs of their rmware, often violating the licensing terms of open-source soft- ware present inside those blobs. The techniques presented in our paper were designed to accurately identify open-source code hid- den inside binary blobs. Here, we give our perspectives on the impact of our work, both industrially and academically, and re- visit the original problem statement to see what has happened in the eld of open-source compliance in the intervening decade.
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Dwijayanto, R. Andika Putra, and Andang Widi Harto. "Neutronic Analysis of LEU-started Molten Chloride Fast Reactor without Fuel Reprocessing." Computational And Experimental Research In Materials And Renewable Energy 4, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/cerimre.v4i1.24962.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the rarely explored molten salt reactor (MSR) designs is the molten chloride fast reactor (MCFR). This MSR design employs chloride salt instead of fluoride and operated in a fast spectrum. MCFR brings all the advantages of an MSR including breeding whilst being able to burn plutonium and minor actinides efficiently. Since not many countries have access to civilian plutonium, MCFR can also be started using low-enriched uranium (LEU). This study is an initial neutronic analysis of an MCFR using LEU as its startup fuel. Parameters analyzed are conversion ratio (CR) and its neutronic safety, namely effective delayed neutron fraction (βeff), temperature coefficient of reactivity (TCR), and void coefficient of reactivity (VCR). The core is divided into Core Zone and Blanket Zone. The fuel composition of NaCl-UCl3 with a molar fraction ratio of 60:40 and 50:50 is used in Core Zone and Blanket Zone, respectively. The neutronic calculation is performed using MCNP6 code with ENDF/B-VII library. For reference geometry, CR is valued at 0.9298, βeff at 0.00731, TCR at -19.8 pcm/°C, and average VCR at -154.31 pcm/void%. Thereby, the MCFR fulfills inherent safety criteria. Although its value is remarkably high, CR can be further optimized by modifying the separator and reflector material.
14
Zaschepkina, Natalia, and Maxim Svyta. "Development of a functional model of the temperature meter." Ukrainian Metrological Journal, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.1.2021.228239.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thin-film platinum resistance thermometers of various designs and performance are widely used in various industries. The temperature measurement range of these sensors is from -200 °C to +600 °C.
A functional model of a portable digital temperature meter in the range from -50 °C to +300 ℃ based on the L416 sensor type Pt100 is proposed. The optimal circuit solution for connecting the L416 sensor to the Winston measuring bridge was selected. The proposed circuit solution is suitable for power supply from autonomous DC sources, which allows for miniaturization of the device and contributes to energy efficiency.
The amplification of the output voltage of the amplifier in the entire operating range of the analog-to-digital converter following the operating range of the temperature sensor has been performed, which allows obtaining the maximum resolution of the analog-to-digital conversion when measuring temperature.
A functional model for converting the resistance of a temperature sensor into a digital code has been developed. The functional model shows that the source code of the analog-to-digital converter does not depend on the supply voltage of the circuit, thus realizing the stability of the function of converting the resistance of the sensor into the value of the code of the analog-to-digital converter.
The sensor has a normalized characteristic of the dependence of resistance on temperature, so a precision resistance box MSR-60M has been used to calibrate the circuit of the temperature meter. With the help of the resistance box MSR-60M, it is possible to calibrate the circuit of the temperature meter with an uncertainty of 0.07 °C.
Keywords: temperature meter; RTD; Pt100; Winston bridge; ratiometric power supply.
15
Michaeli, Linus, and Ján Šaliga. "Error Models of the Analog to Digital Converters." Measurement Science Review 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2014-0010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Error models of the Analog to Digital Converters describe metrological properties of the signal conversion from analog to digital domain in a concise form using few dominant error parameters. Knowledge of the error models allows the end user to provide fast testing in the crucial points of the full input signal range and to use identified error models for post correction in the digital domain. The imperfections of the internal ADC structure determine the error characteristics represented by the nonlinearities as a function of the output code. Progress in the microelectronics and missing information about circuital details together with the lack of knowledge about interfering effects caused by ADC installation prefers another modeling approach based on the input-output behavioral characterization by the input-output error box. Internal links in the ADC structure cause that the input-output error function could be described in a concise form by suitable function. Modeled functional parameters allow determining the integral error parameters of ADC. Paper is a survey of error models starting from the structural models for the most common architectures and their linkage with the behavioral models represented by the simple look up table or the functional description of nonlinear errors for the output codes.
16
Constable, Charlie, Ben Lindley, and Geoff Parks. "MAXIMISING DISCHARGE BURNUP IN AN OPEN CYCLE MOLTEN SALT REACTOR." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 12002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124712002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper discusses work done to find an estimate of the maximum achievable discharge burnup in an open cycle molten salt reactor (MSR). An in-development deterministic code (WIMS11) is used to create a model of a simple generic MSR, and the methodology employed is discussed. Some experimentation is done with regards to the internal set-up of the ‘unit cells’ within the core, which shows there is a strong link between this geometry and the achievable burnup. Work is done to quantify the effects of removing volatile fission products and implementing a two-batch refuelling scheme. Finally, an optimization process is carried out whereby the optimal proportion of graphite moderator within the core is found which balances power across the regions while maximising discharge burnup. Two fuels are tested, one which carries only 235U and 238U, and another which also carries 232Th. It is found that the maximum achievable discharge burnup is approximately 155 MWd/kg, which is considerably higher than modern PWRs, despite a lower enrichment and only two batches of fuel being used.
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Nichenko, Sergii, Jarmo Kalilainen, and Terttaliisa Lind. "MSR Simulation with cGEMS: Fission Product Release and Aerosol Formation." Journal of Nuclear Engineering 3, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jne3010006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The release of fission products and fuel materials from a molten-salt fast-reactor fuel in hypothetical accident conditions was investigated. The molten-salt fast reactor in this investigation features a fast neutron spectrum, operating in the thorium cycle, and it uses LiF-ThF4-UF4 as a fuel salt. A coupling between the severe accident code MELCOR and thermodynamical equilibrium solver GEMS, the so-called cGEMS, with the updated HERACLES database was used in the modeling work. The work was carried out in the frame of the EU SAMOSAFER project. At the beginning of the simulation, the fuel salt is assumed to be drained from the reactor to the bottom of a confinement building. The containment atmosphere is nitrogen. The fission products and salt materials are heated by the decay heat, and due to heating, they are evaporated from the surface of a molten salt pool. The chemical system in this investigation included the following elements: Li, F, Th, U, Zr, Np, Pu, Sr, Ba, La, Ce, and Nd. In addition to the release of radioactive materials from the fuel salt, the formation of aerosols and the vapor-phase species in the modeled confinement were determined.
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Qiu, Xiaoyue, Tiantian Wang, Enze Lin, and Zongpeng Lu. "Single node failure repair method for distributed storage system based on genetic algorithm and MSR code." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1982, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1982/1/012163.
Повний текст джерела
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Laureau, A., E. Rosier, E. Merle, S. Beils, O. Bruneau, J. C. Blanchon, R. Gathmann, et al. "THE LiCore POWER PLANT SIMULATOR OF THE MOLTEN SALT FAST REACTOR." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 06030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124706030.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Molten salt reactors as liquid-fuelled reactors are flexible in terms of operation or design choices, but they are very different in terms of design, operation and safety approach compared to solid-fuelled reactors. Such reactors call for a new definition of their operating procedures and safety approach. Dedicated developments and studies have been performed in the frame of the European SAMOFAR project of Horizon2020 and in parallel in France involving CNRS, CORYS and Framatome to develop a system code called LiCore adapted to such reactors, corresponding to a basic-principle power plant simulator. The neutronic model LiCore, at the centre of the simulator, corresponds to an improved point-kinetics model to take into account the specificities of a MSR, notably the circulation of the delayed neutron precursors out of the core. Coupled to a simple piston model for the fuel motion in the core, this code can perform calculations faster than real time to simulate the behaviour of the fuel circuit. Transient calculations performed with LiCore are presented, together with comparisons first to a simple point-kinetics model and then to 3D calculations with the TFM-OpenFOAM coupled code. Finally, the LiCore code has recently been integrated in the ALICES platform, the integrated simulation toolset designed by CORYS for the development, maintenance and operation of major simulator such as power plant simulators.
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Nevrlý, Václav, Vít Klečka, Michal Vašinek, Václav Válek, Jan Suchánek, Michal Dostál, Branislav Hric, Petr Bitala, and Zdenĕk Zelinger. "A new line-shape asymmetry model for wavelength modulation spectroscopy in gaseous flows." Measurement Science Review 18, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msr-2018-0022.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This communication reports technical notes on the development and application of an automated line-shape fitting procedure for wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS). Near-infrared transitions of carbon dioxide (CO2) around 1573 nm were measured in vertical cold (nonreacting) flow of CO2 at atmospheric pressure using WMS with demodulation at second harmonic frequency. Semi-empirical model based on the set of so-called Gabor functions was developed and parameters of Lorentzian line-shape profile and its asymmetry resulting from simultaneous frequency and amplitude response of the current-modulated semiconductor laser were determined. Nonlinear least-square fitting procedure employing differential evolution algorithm was successfully utilized for performing this task. Line-shape fitting procedure enabling efficient signal de-noising and background subtraction of wavelength modulation spectra was implemented into an open-source code.
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Bei, Xinyan, Yuqing Dai, Kaicheng Yu, and Maosong Cheng. "Three-Dimensional Surrogate Model Based on Back-Propagation Neural Network for Key Neutronics Parameters Prediction in Molten Salt Reactor." Energies 16, no. 10 (May 12, 2023): 4044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The simulation and analysis of neutronics parameters in Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) is fundamental for the design of the reactor core. However, high-fidelity neutron transport calculations of the MSR are time-consuming and require significant computational resources. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used in various industries, and in recent years are increasingly introduced in the nuclear industry. Back-Propagation neural network (BPNN) is one type of ANN. A surrogate model based on BP neural network is developed to quickly predict two key neutronics parameters in reactor core: the effective multiplication factor (keff) and the three-dimensional channel-by-channel neutron flux distribution. The dataset samples are generated by modeling and simulating different operation states of the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) using the Monte Carlo code. Hyper-parameters optimization is performed to obtain the optimal surrogate model. The numerical results on the test dataset show good agreement between the surrogate model and the Monte Carlo code. Additionally, the surrogate model significantly reduces computation time compared to the Monte Carlo code and greatly enhances efficiency. The feasibility and advantages of the proposed surrogate model is demonstrated, which has important significance for real-time prediction and design optimization of the reactor core.
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Yu, Kaicheng, Maosong Cheng, Xiandi Zuo, and Zhimin Dai. "Transmutation and Breeding Performance Analysis of Molten Chloride Salt Fast Reactor Using a Fuel Management Code with Nodal Expansion Method." Energies 15, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 6299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176299.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The transmutation of transuranic (TRU) elements produced by pressurized water reactors (PWRs) can effectively reduce their radioactive hazards. The molten chloride salt fast reactor (MCSFR) is a type of liquid-fueled molten salt reactor (MSR) using fuel in the form of molten chloride salts. The MCSFR utilizing a fast neutron spectrum and high actinide fraction is considered to be a potential reactor type for TRU transmutation. An online refueling and reprocessing scenario is the unique feature of liquid-fueled MSRs. On account of this characteristic, a new fuel management code named ThorNEMFM with a nodal expansion method (NEM) was developed and validated with the molten salt breeder reactor (MSBR) and the molten salt fast reactor (MSFR) benchmarks. Then, the transmutation and breeding performances of the MCSFR were simulated and analyzed with the ThorNEMFM code. The MCSFR adopts TRU elements as initial fissile loads and online feeding fissile materials. The results show that the transmutation ratio of TRU elements in the MCSFR can reach 50%, and the breeding ratio can reach 1.359. Moreover, the MCSFR has low radiotoxicity due to lower buildup of fission products (FPs).
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Abbas, Abbas Fadhil, and Adawiya Ali Hamzah. "Studying the Thermal Influence on the Vibration of Rotating Blades." Measurement Science Review 22, no. 2 (March 12, 2022): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2022-0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Computing the vibrating characteristics of any machine or structure is a necessary process that should be performed by the mechanical engineers that work in engineering design field to avoid the collapse under different kinds of applied loads. One of these kinds of structures are the rotating blades, whereas this part is considered as an essential element in many rotating systems that are used in different fields of engineering, e.g., turbomachinery, turbofan, helicopters, etc. One of the biggest disadvantages that is realized in rotating blades is failure due to vibrations and unbalance. It is possible that vibrations significantly reduce the performance of rotating blades compared to standard design conditions. If these rotating blades continue to operate under these circumstances for sufficient time, then the status of these systems will be unstable. Finally, this will lead to collapse of the rotating blades. In this work, a new code was created from scratch, based on the finite element method, to determine the vibrational characteristics of the rotating blades, taking into consideration the effect of rotating speed and temperatures. The compound influence of thermal gradients and rotating speed on the vibrational response (frequencies) for different configurations of blade was studied deeply.
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Zhao, Hang Bin, Chang Qi Yan, Li Cheng Sun, and Kai Bin Zhao. "Transient Analyses of Passive Residual Heat Removal System of 10MW Molten Salt Reactor Experiment." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.621.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to improve the inherent safety of the Molten Salt Reactor (MSR), a concept of passive residual heat removal system (PRHRS) for the 10MW Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) was put forward. Its transient characteristics were investigated by developing a model of it using C++ code. The effects of environmental temperature, finned tube number and chimney height on the PRHRS were analyzed. The results show that the PRHRS can remove the decay heat timely. Three natural circulations are established in the PRHRS when it begins to operate. With the decay heat power reducing, the PRHRS can automatically adjust its heat removal ability. It needs not any external power for the PRHRS to operate, which enhances the inherent safety and reliability of the reactor, especially under the condition that power plants lose power.
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Hardiyanti, Iza Shafera, A. Suparmi, and Andang Widi Harto. "Innovative Compact Molten Salt Reactor (ICMSR) Analysis for Mo-99 Production." Computational And Experimental Research In Materials And Renewable Energy 5, no. 2 (November 11, 2022): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/cerimre.v5i2.32069.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mo-99 isotope production calculation in the ICMSR (Innovative Compact Molten Salt Reactor) with the computer code MCNP6 has been carried out. ICMSR is a conceptual design of the MSR type reactor that uses NaF-ThF4-UF4 fuel with an enrichment of 235U of 19.75%. This reactor operates in thermal neutron spectrum with a graphite moderator. ICMSR is a power reactor that produces Mo-99 as a by-product. Calculations carried out for 12 days of operation show that the reactor condition is still critical so that there will be no intervention from refueling. The total Mo-99 produced until the 12th day is 9.118 x 106 Ci. Mo-99 can be extracted from the reactor as long as the power reactor is operating so it will be economically advantageous.Keywords: 99Mo, isotope production, ICMSR, MCNP, criticality
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Kesser, K. F., M. A. Hoffman, and J. W. Baughn. "Analysis of a Basic Chemically Recuperated Gas Turbine Power Plant." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 116, no. 2 (April 1, 1994): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906817.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper investigates a “basic” Chemically Recuperated Gas Turbine (a “basic” CRGT is defined here to be one without intercooling or reheat). The CRGT is of interest due to its potential for ultralow NOx emissions. A computer code has been developed to evaluate the performance characteristics (thermal efficiency and specific work) of the Basic CRGT, and to compare it to the steam-injected gas turbine (STIG), the combined cycle (CC) and the simple cycle gas turbine (SC) using consistent assumptions. The CRGT model includes a methane-steam reformer (MSR), which converts a methane-steam mixture into a hydrogen-rich fuel using the “waste” heat in the turbine exhaust. Models for the effects of turbine cooling air, variable specific heats, and the real gas effects of steam are included. The calculated results show that the Basic CRGT has a thermal efficiency higher than the STIG and simple cycles but not quite as high as the combined cycle.
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Ruan, Ludan, Anwen Hu, Yuqing Song, Liang Zhang, Sipeng Zheng, and Qin Jin. "Accommodating Audio Modality in CLIP for Multimodal Processing." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 8 (June 26, 2023): 9641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i8.26153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Multimodal processing has attracted much attention lately especially with the success of pre-training. However, the exploration has mainly focused on vision-language pre-training, as introducing more modalities can greatly complicate model design and optimization. In this paper, we extend the state-of-the-art Vision-Language model CLIP to accommodate the audio modality for Vision-Language-Audio multimodal processing. Specifically, we apply inter-modal and intra-modal contrastive learning to explore the correlation between audio and other modalities in addition to the inner characteristics of the audio modality. Moreover, we further design an audio type token to dynamically learn different audio information type for different scenarios, as both verbal and nonverbal heterogeneous information is conveyed in general audios. Our proposed CLIP4VLA model is validated in different downstream tasks including video retrieval and video captioning, and achieves the state-of-the-art performance on the benchmark datasets of MSR-VTT, VATEX, and Audiocaps.The corresponding code and checkpoints will be released at https://github.com/ludanruan/CLIP4VLA.
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Cuoc, Eduardo, Eugene Shwageraus, Alisha Kasam, and Ian Scott. "CORE DESIGN OF BREED & BURN MOLTEN SALT FAST REACTOR." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124701004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Previous designs of once-through solid-fuelled breed-and-burn (B&B) reactor and the conventional molten salt reactor (MSR) concepts suffer from material limitation of neutron irradiation damage and chemical corrosion. A novel breed-and-burn molten salt reactor (BBMSR) concept uses separate molten salt fuel and coolant in a linear assembly core configuration. Similar to Moltex Energy Stable Salt Reactor (SSR) design, the configuration with fuel salt contained in fuel tubes and coolant salt in pool type reactor vessel has been previously studied. The study confirmed that breed-and-burn operation is feasible in principle, however with a low neutronic margin. The objective of this paper was to seek improvements of the neutronic margin with a metallic natural uranium blanket design. A parametric study was performed for the natural uranium blanket design. BBMSR neutronic performance simulation was modelled using Serpent, a Monte Carlo reactor physics code, with a single 3D hexagonal channel containing a single fuel tube in an infinite lattice with reflective radial and vacuum axial boundary conditions. The addition of a metallic natural uranium blanket inside the fuel tube, which increases the natural uranium metal to fuel salt ratio (ϒ) of the BBMSR, was shown to significantly increase the neutronic performance of the BBMSR.
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Zhong, Xian, Zipeng Li, Shuqin Chen, Kui Jiang, Chen Chen, and Mang Ye. "Refined Semantic Enhancement towards Frequency Diffusion for Video Captioning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 3 (June 26, 2023): 3724–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i3.25484.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Video captioning aims to generate natural language sentences that describe the given video accurately. Existing methods obtain favorable generation by exploring richer visual representations in encode phase or improving the decoding ability. However, the long-tailed problem hinders these attempts at low-frequency tokens, which rarely occur but carry critical semantics, playing a vital role in the detailed generation. In this paper, we introduce a novel Refined Semantic enhancement method towards Frequency Diffusion (RSFD), a captioning model that constantly perceives the linguistic representation of the infrequent tokens. Concretely, a Frequency-Aware Diffusion (FAD) module is proposed to comprehend the semantics of low-frequency tokens to break through generation limitations. In this way, the caption is refined by promoting the absorption of tokens with insufficient occurrence. Based on FAD, we design a Divergent Semantic Supervisor (DSS) module to compensate for the information loss of high-frequency tokens brought by the diffusion process, where the semantics of low-frequency tokens is further emphasized to alleviate the long-tailed problem. Extensive experiments indicate that RSFD outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on two benchmark datasets, i.e., MSR-VTT and MSVD, demonstrate that the enhancement of low-frequency tokens semantics can obtain a competitive generation effect. Code is available at https://github.com/lzp870/RSFD.
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Goss, Andreas, Michael Schmidt, Eren Erdogan, Barbara Görres, and Florian Seitz. "High-resolution vertical total electron content maps based on multi-scale B-spline representations." Annales Geophysicae 37, no. 4 (August 12, 2019): 699–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-699-2019.
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Abstract. For more than 2 decades the IGS (International GNSS Service) ionosphere associated analysis centers (IAACs) have provided global maps of the vertical total electron content (VTEC). In general, the representation of a 2-D or 3-D function can be performed by means of a series expansion or by using a discretization technique. While in the latter case, pixels or voxels are usually chosen for a spherical function such as VTEC, for a series expansion spherical harmonics (SH) are primarily used as basis functions. The selection of the best suited approach for ionosphere modeling means a trade-off between the distribution of available data and their possibility of representing ionospheric variations with high resolution and high accuracy. Most of the IAACs generate global ionosphere maps (GIMs) based on SH expansions up to the spectral degree n=15 and provide them with a spatial resolution of 2.5∘×5∘ with respect to the latitudinal and longitudinal directions, respectively, and a temporal sampling interval of 2 h. In recent years, it has frequently been claimed that the spatial resolution of the VTEC GIMs has to be increased to a spatial resolution of 1∘×1∘ and to a temporal sampling interval of about 15 min. Enhancing the grid resolution means an interpolation of VTEC values for intermediate points but with no further information about variations in the signal. n=15 in the SH case, for instance, corresponds to a spatial sampling of 12∘×12∘. Consequently, increasing the grid resolution concurrently requires an extension of the spectral content, i.e., to choose a higher SH degree value than 15. Unlike most of the IAACs, the VTEC modeling approach at Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut der Technischen Universität München (DGFI-TUM) is based on localizing basis functions, namely tensor products of polynomial and trigonometric B-splines. In this way, not only can data gaps be handled appropriately and sparse normal equation systems be established for the parameter estimation procedure, a multi-scale representation (MSR) can also be set up to determine GIMs of different spectral content directly, by applying the so-called pyramid algorithm, and to perform highly effective data compression techniques. The estimation of the MSR model parameters is finally performed by a Kalman filter driven by near real-time (NRT) GNSS data. Within this paper, we realize the MSR and create multi-scale products based on B-spline scaling, wavelet coefficients and VTEC grid values. We compare these products with different final and rapid products from the IAACs, e.g., the SH model from CODE (Berne) and the voxel solution from UPC (Barcelona). In contrast to the abovementioned products, DGFI-TUM's products are based solely on NRT GNSS observations and ultra-rapid orbits. Nevertheless, we can conclude that the DGFI-TUM's high-resolution product (“othg”) outperforms all products used within the selected time span of investigation, namely September 2017.
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Mabruri, Ahmad Muzaki, Ratna Dewi Syarifah, Indarta Kuncoro Aji, Zein Hanifah, Artoto Arkundato, and Gaguk Jatisukamto. "Neutronic analysis on molten salt reactor FUJI-12 using 235U as fissile material in LiF-BeF2-UF4 fuel." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 8(119) (October 30, 2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.265798.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Neutronic analysis on the Molten Salt Reactor FUJI-12 using the fissile material 235U in LiF-BeF2-UF4 has been carried out. The problem faced in the use of thorium-based fuel is that the amount of 233U is small and not available in nature. 233U was produced through the 232Th breeding at a cost of $46 million/kg. That is a very high price when compared to 235U enrichment, which is only $100/kg. The MSR FUJI-12 used in this study is a generation IV reactor with a mixture of liquid salt fuel LiF-BeF2-ThF4-UF4 and thorium-based fuel (232Th+233U). In this study, neutronic analysis was carried out by replacing thorium-based fuel with uranium-based fuel (235U+238U). Neutronic analysis was performed using the OpenMC 0.13.0 code, which is a Monte Carlo simulation-based neutron analysis code. The nuclear data library used for neutronic calculations is ENDF B-VII/1. The fuel is used in a LiF-BeF2-UF4 molten salt mixture with three eutectic compositions: fuel 1, fuel 2, and fuel 3. Each fuel composition is optimized by enriching 235U in UF4 by 3 % to 8 %. The optimization results show the stability of the reactor criticality value, which is the main parameter so that the reactor can operate for the specified time. The optimization results show that fuel 1 cannot reach its optimal state in each variation of 235U enrichment. Fuel 2 and fuel 3 can reach optimal conditions at a minimum enrichment of 8 % and 7 % 235U. The results of the analysis of the distribution of the neutron flux in the reactor core show the distribution of nuclear reactions that occur in the core. The distribution of flux values in fuel 1 shows that the fission chain reaction is not running perfectly. Fuel 2 and fuel 3 are more stable by maintaining maximum flux at the center of the reactor core.
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Klein, Joshua, Luis Carvalho, and Joseph Zaia. "Application of network smoothing to glycan LC-MS profiling." Bioinformatics 34, no. 20 (May 22, 2018): 3511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty397.
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Abstract Motivation Glycosylation is one of the most heterogeneous and complex protein post-translational modifications. Liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a common high throughput method for analyzing complex biological samples. Accurate study of glycans require high resolution mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry data contains intricate sub-structures that encode mass and abundance, requiring several transformations before it can be used to identify biological molecules, requiring automated tools to analyze samples in a high throughput setting. Existing tools for interpreting the resulting data do not take into account related glycans when evaluating individual observations, limiting their sensitivity. Results We developed an algorithm for assigning glycan compositions from LC-MS data by exploring biosynthetic network relationships among glycans. Our algorithm optimizes a set of likelihood scoring functions based on glycan chemical properties but uses network Laplacian regularization and optionally prior information about expected glycan families to smooth the likelihood and thus achieve a consistent and more representative solution. Our method was able to identify as many, or more glycan compositions compared to previous approaches, and demonstrated greater sensitivity with regularization. Our network definition was tailored to N-glycans but the method may be applied to glycomics data from other glycan families like O-glycans or heparan sulfate where the relationships between compositions can be expressed as a graph. Availability and implementation Built Executable http://www.bumc.bu.edu/msr/glycresoft/ and Source Code: https://github.com/BostonUniversityCBMS/glycresoft. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Zhang, Xiaoyang, and Yuchong Hu. "Efficient Storage Scaling for MBR and MSR Codes." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 78992–9002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2989822.
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Ernvall, Toni. "Codes Between MBR and MSR Points With Exact Repair Property." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 60, no. 11 (November 2014): 6993–7005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2014.2351252.
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JANECZEK, MACIEJ, EWA BILEWICZ, and ALEKSANDER CHRÓSZCZ. "Animals in Ancient Near East countries law codes- Sumer and Babylonia." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 1 (2018): 5965–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5965.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The roots of modern law and legislation, including the animal healing and care, should had been found in Su-mer. The authors were comparing the content of ancient Sumerian and Babylonian codes of law with each other, beginning from Ur-Nammu Code of Law, Lipit-Ishtar and subsequent texts, to Code of Hammurabi, which had codified the veterinarian activities. The work describes the multidimensional analysis of law codes aiming on the animals’ references, form the punishments sentenced for offences involving animals to tools used in sentence execution. .
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McPhail, Emma, and Ian Yanson. "The improvement of the quality of medical reviews of patients in seclusion in Rampton Hospital." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.874.
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AimsImprove and standardise the quality of medical seclusion reviews (MSRs).Acknowledge existing good practise.Highlight areas for improvement.Improve the awareness of doctors performing MSRs of the requirements in the Mental Health Act Code of Practice (MHA CoP)BackgroundMSRs are an essential clinical tool to ensure safe and consistent patient care. Patients detained in seclusion can be at heightened risk of poor mental and physical health, in addition to being a risk to themselves and others. There is clear guidance in the MHA CoP regarding what areas require to be covered in a MSR.MethodA retrospective audit of all MSRs in September 2019 across all patients within all directorates within Rampton Hospital was undertaken. 281 inpatients were identified within Rampton Hospital, and 61 of these patients were found to have had seclusion in September 2019. A total of 439 MSRs were identified for these patients.The standard applied was the MHA CoP guidance for MSRs: 1)MSRs should be conducted in person, and should include:2)Review of physical health3)Review of psychiatric health4)Assessment of the adverse effects of medication5)Review of observations required6)Reassessment of medication prescribed7)Assessment of the patient's risk to others8)Assessment of the patient's risk of self-harm9)Assessment of the need for continuing seclusion100% compliance with targets or a reason why it was not possible was expected to be documented.ResultThe results show there is a large variation in compliance with the MHA CoP. The area with the highest compliance was the completion of reviews in person-(99.3%). The criterion with the average worst compliance was whether the need for physical observations was reviewed-(4.3%). Physical health was reviewed in 86.1% of cases, in contrast to psychiatric health at 38.3%. The adverse effects of medication and reassessment of medication prescribed were recorded in only 8.9%. The risk from the patient to others was recorded in 25.3%, whereas risk to self was recorded in 10.7%. The need for continuing seclusion was recorded in 72.7%.ConclusionThe quality of MSRs at Rampton Hospital is currently inadequate. Improvement in practice is required to meet accepted standards and ensure safe, consistent patient care. Ways to improve this are being considered, including improving the knowledge of the MHA CoP and providing a MSR template.
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Pryakhin, E. I., A. E. Ligachev, Yurii R. Kolobov, Eugeny A. Zakharenko, and Valeriy V. Romanov. "Assessment of the Thermal Effect on the Surface of Metal Structural Materials on the Stability of Laser-Induced Codes Readability." Materials Science Forum 1040 (July 27, 2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1040.47.
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This work represents the characterization of materials surface before and after laser processing with macrophotography, optical metallography, and scanning electron microscopy before and after thermal exposure. The factors influencing the reliability of the laser-induced code readability have been determined as color and contrast. The range of stability of the code readability under thermal influence on the structural materials under study was determined, which allows improving the reliability of the laser-induced marking codes readability. The research objects in this paper were samples of the following materials: alloys based on copper, aluminum, and iron with laser-induced codes of various types applied on the surface. This work aimed to research the stability of laser-induced codes readability after thermal exposure using macrophotography, optical metallography and scanning electron microscopy on structural materials of various purposes before and after laser processing (when forming a binary matrix code). The research results obtained and presented in this article on the stability of laser-induced codes reading under thermal action on structural materials can be used in different fields of industry, when marking products of heavy, general, medium, and precision engineering, as well as for marking metal products and blank parts. The results of this research are also planned to be used for further analysis of the occurring damage, leading to reading errors due to mechanical and chemical influences. It is planned to evaluate the limit values of the parameters that determine the degree of degradation at which the encoding will be considered to have lost the recognizing ability. Requirements for the quality and permissible code damage will also be developed to ensure their reliable identification.
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CORDERO, PATRICIO, ERIC GOLES, and GONZALO HERNANDEZ. "Q2R+Q2R AS A UNIVERSAL BILLIARD." International Journal of Modern Physics C 03, no. 02 (April 1992): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918319200021x.
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In this work we study the computing capabilities as well as some dynamical properties of an automaton called M4R. This automaton corresponds to the mixing of the energy profiles of two independent copies of the Q2R automaton with frustrations. We associate to each copy of a Q2R an equivalent automaton M2R, which, with the Margoluos neighborhood, exhibits the local changes of the Q2R energy.1 By doing so we generalize the dynamics by upgrading M2R according to four partitions of the lattice. This new dynamics — called M4R — is based on a local rule which corresponds to the local energy change of two independent copies of Q2R. The M4R model is reversible and conservative (magnetization is constant in time) and it has properties of a discrete billiard (as some of the hydrodynamics discrete versions of Navier-Stokes models). Moreover, this automaton has powerful computing capabilities. In fact, by using some special configurations of M4R, we exhibit universal gates and register that allow us to code any algorithm.
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Payne, Dinah M., Christy Corey, Cecily Raiborn, and Matthew Zingoni. "An applied code of ethics model for decision-making in the accounting profession." Management Research Review 43, no. 9 (April 26, 2019): 1117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-10-2018-0380.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of paper is to supply a code of ethics that can be easily utilized by working professional in their day to day decision making. The accounting profession plays a vital role in the functioning of modern society. It is essential that members of this profession be ethical and stand fast against the internal and external pressures that might encourage these professionals to engage in fraudulent activities. Codes of ethics provide a coherent articulation of the ideals, responsibilities and limitations of the collective ethic of a profession’s members and can assist in guiding ethical behavior. Design/methodology/approach Our model is based on the professional values of justice, utility, competence and utility, i.e. JUCI model, which is a straightforward and easily understandable ethical decision-making model that the average accounting professional, as well as finance professionals in general, may reference when challenged with difficult ethical quandaries. Findings This code, the JUCI Code, represents a contribution to the literature in that its simple, but not simplistic, approach could be of enormous benefit to busy and pressured accountants who need help in constructing independently achieved and defensible rational ethical decisions in the practice of accounting. Originality/value In this paper, the authors build upon a review of ethical foundations and codes of conduct in other professions to construct our code of ethics for accounting professionals.
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Hawkins, William, Jason D. Hiser, Anh Nguyen-Tuong, Michele Co, and Jack W. Davidson. "Securing Binary Code." IEEE Security & Privacy 15, no. 6 (November 2017): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2017.4251105.
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Sayyed, M. I., Faras Q. Mohammed, K. A. Mahmoud, Eloic Lacomme, Kawa M. Kaky, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, and Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque. "Evaluation of Radiation Shielding Features of Co and Ni-Based Superalloys Using MCNP-5 Code: Potential Use in Nuclear Safety." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 7680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217680.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to their excellent heat resistance, superalloys are used predominantly in the manufacturing of engine parts and accessories for aircraft and aerospace equipment. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCNP-5) code was performed to estimate the mean track length of the incident photons inside six different alloys. Then, based on the simulated track length, other important γ-ray shielding parameters were calculated. In this study, the highest mass attenuation coefficient was obtained for alloys encoded MAR-302 and MAR-247 and varied in the range 0.035–72.94 and 0.035–71.98 cm2·g−1, respectively. The lowest mass attenuation coefficient was found for alloys coded Inconel-718 and Nimocast-75 with a range of 0.033–59.25 and 0.32–59.30 cm2·g−1, respectively. Use was made of a recently developed online program Phy-X/PD to calculate the effective atomic number, equivalent atomic number, and the buildup factors for the alloys of interest. The effective removal cross-section for the fast neutron was also calculated for the studied alloys: the highest value was found for the alloys coded with Inconel-718 (∑R = 0.01945 cm2·g−1) and Nimocast-75 (∑R = 0.01940 cm2·g−1), and the lowest value was obtained for alloy coded MAR-302 (∑R = 0.01841 cm2·g−1). Calculated data indicate that MAR-302 and MAR-247 are superior candidates for shielding of gamma-rays, while Inconel-718 and Nimocast-75 MAR-302 are suitable for the shielding of fast neutrons.
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Arazi, Tzahi, and Jackson Khedia. "Tomato MicroRNAs and Their Functions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 11979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911979.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) define an essential class of non-coding small RNAs that function as posttranscriptional modulators of gene expression. They are coded by MIR genes, several hundreds of which exist in the genomes of Arabidopsis and rice model plants. The functional analysis of Arabidopsis and rice miRNAs indicate that their miRNAs regulate a wide range of processes including development, reproduction, metabolism, and stress. Tomato serves as a major model crop for the study of fleshy fruit development and ripening but until recently, information on the identity of its MIR genes and their coded miRNAs was limited and occasionally contradictory. As a result, the majority of tomato miRNAs remained uncharacterized. Recently, a comprehensive annotation of tomato MIR genes has been carried out by several labs and us. In this review, we curate and organize the resulting partially overlapping MIR annotations into an exhaustive and non-redundant atlas of tomato MIR genes. There are 538 candidate and validated MIR genes in the atlas, of which, 169, 18, and 351 code for highly conserved, Solanaceae-specific, and tomato-specific miRNAs, respectively. Furthermore, a critical review of functional studies on tomato miRNAs is presented, highlighting validated and possible functions, creating a useful resource for future tomato miRNA research.
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Kumar, Jawala, and Mr Varun Kumar Sikka. "Moment Capacity Ratio at Column – Beam Joint in a RC Framed Structure." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 6, no. 3 (March 10, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v6i3.274.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Beam-column joint is the gap in the modern ductile design of building. Especially under the earthquake loading this is more susceptible to damage. Due to brittle nature of failure this type of failure cannot be afford. Since 1970’s this areas is under the light of research, but with the paper of Park and Paul, It got momentum. But still due to versatile nature of the joints core behaviour, the problem is still persisting. Though many international codes recommend the moment capacity ratio at beam column joint to be more than one, There are discrepancies among the major international codes with regard to MCR. Indian standard codes for design of RC framed buildings are silent on this aspect. Draft 13920 (2014) code suggests a value of MCR similar to other international codes without proper theoretical basis. Hence a rational study is required on the values of MCR. A computationally attractive procedure for calculating flexural capacity of column developed for determining MCR at a beam-column joint. To reach at an appropriate and acceptable MCR for capacity design of RC framed building reliability based approach is done. This research deals with the fragility and reliability analysis of five, seven and ten storey RC frames designed using various values of MCR ranging from 1.0 to 3.2. The RC frames are designed as per IS 1893 (2002) for all seismic zones. Hazard curves required of various seismic location in India (like zone II, III, IV and V) has been selected from National Disaster Management Authority, Government of India. Seismic risk assessment of all the designed buildings is conducted and based on the achieved Reliability Index and the Target Reliability Index minimum value of Moment Capacity Ratio (MCR) is suggested.
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Listiawati, Rodiana, Rahmanita Vidyasari, and Novitasari Novitasari. "QRIS Efficiency in Improving Digital Payment Transaction Services for Culinary Micro-Small and Medium Enterprises in Depok City." Operations Research: International Conference Series 3, no. 2 (June 5, 2022): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47194/orics.v3i2.133.
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Currently, one of the most popular electronic payment methods is using QR (Quick Response) code. As the first step transformation in Indonesian Payment System to help accelerate the development of the digital economy and finance, Bank Indonesia has issued QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) as unification of various QR type from various e-wallet that use QR codes. The unification of QR codes is certainly a good breakthrough, but there is fee MDR (Merchant Discount Rate) that is charged to the MSMEs (Micro-Small and Medium Enterprises) if they are using QRIS, that makes problem for them. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the efficiency of QRIS in helping to add payment service to customers in digital payment transaction for MSME. The research method used is a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 114 culinary MSMEs in Depok city. The result show that using QRIS makes digital payment for culinary MSMEs in Depok more efficient.
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Ashfaq, Muhammad. "3D Model of Professionalism: Normative Examination of Journalistic professionalism." Media and Communication Review 1, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): 48–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/mcr.11.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Journalistic professionalism in underdeveloped countries seems not up to the mark. Journalists are considered as the watch dogs of the society and are responsible for bringing good to the society with the content they are filing. Despite code of conduct being there, no governing body is there to monitor the situation as per ethical grounds. This study investigates the Normative dimension, one of the three dimensions offered by Singer in his model of professionalism. Qualitative analysis of media content (N=348) and interviews of working journalists is done in this study. Open and axial coding method is used to generate codes/themes, and results show that journalists should abide by the code of ethics, achieve truthfulness and should be able to maintain balance in the stories and lastly as a service to the society, should file the content which is faculty correct and may not harm the audience.
Key Words: Professionalism, Journalism, 3D Model of Professionalism, Qualitative Research, Content Analysis, Interviews
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Ashfaq, Muhammad. "3D Model of Professionalism: Normative Examination of Journalistic professionalism." Media and Communication Review 1, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): 48–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/mcr.11.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Journalistic professionalism in underdeveloped countries seems not up to the mark. Journalists are considered as the watch dogs of the society and are responsible for bringing good to the society with the content they are filing. Despite code of conduct being there, no governing body is there to monitor the situation as per ethical grounds. This study investigates the Normative dimension, one of the three dimensions offered by Singer in his model of professionalism. Qualitative analysis of media content (N=348) and interviews of working journalists is done in this study. Open and axial coding method is used to generate codes/themes, and results show that journalists should abide by the code of ethics, achieve truthfulness and should be able to maintain balance in the stories and lastly as a service to the society, should file the content which is faculty correct and may not harm the audience.
Key Words: Professionalism, Journalism, 3D Model of Professionalism, Qualitative Research, Content Analysis, Interviews
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Kaza, Siddharth, Blair Taylor, and Kyle Sherbert. "Hello, World!—Code Responsibly." IEEE Security & Privacy 16, no. 1 (January 2018): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2018.1331035.
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Potter, Bruce. "My Information, Your Code." IEEE Security & Privacy Magazine 8, no. 2 (March 2010): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2010.77.
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Zou, Changwei, Xudong Wang, Yaoqing Gao, and Jingling Xue. "Buddy Stacks: Protecting Return Addresses with Efficient Thread-Local Storage and Runtime Re-Randomization." ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 31, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494516.
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Shadow stacks play an important role in protecting return addresses to mitigate ROP attacks. Parallel shadow stacks, which shadow the call stack of each thread at the same constant offset for all threads, are known not to support multi-threading well. On the other hand, compact shadow stacks must maintain a separate shadow stack pointer in thread-local storage (TLS) , which can be implemented in terms of a register or the per-thread Thread-Control-Block (TCB) , suffering from poor compatibility in the former or high performance overhead in the latter. In addition, shadow stacks are vulnerable to information disclosure attacks. In this paper, we propose to mitigate ROP attacks for single- and multi-threaded server programs running on general-purpose computing systems by using a novel stack layout, called a buddy stack (referred to as Bustk ), that is highly performant, compatible with existing code, and provides meaningful security. These goals are met due to three novel design aspects in Bustk . First, Bustk places a parallel shadow stack just below a thread’s call stack (as each other’s buddies allocated together), avoiding the need to maintain a separate shadow stack pointer and making it now well-suited for multi-threading. Second, Bustk uses an efficient stack-based thread-local storage mechanism, denoted STK-TLS , to store thread-specific metadata in two TLS sections just below the shadow stack in dual redundancy (as each other’s buddies), so that both can be accessed and updated in a lightweight manner from the call stack pointer rsp alone. Finally, Bustk re-randomizes continuously (on the order of milliseconds) the return addresses on the shadow stack by using a new microsecond-level runtime re-randomization technique, denoted STK-MSR . This mechanism aims to obsolete leaked information, making it extremely unlikely for the attacker to hijack return addresses, particularly against a server program that sits often tens of milliseconds away from the attacker. Our evaluation using web servers, Nginx and Apache Httpd , shows that Bustk works well in terms of performance, compatibility, and security provided, with its parallel shadow stacks incurring acceptable memory overhead for real-world applications and its STK-TLS mechanism costing only two pages per thread. In particular, Bustk can protect the Nginx and Apache servers with an adaptive 1-ms re-randomization policy (without observable overheads when IO is intensive, with about 17,000 requests per second). In addition, we have also evaluated Bustk using other non-server applications, Firefox , Python , LLVM , JDK and SPEC CPU2006 , to demonstrate further the same degree of performance and compatibility provided, but the protection provided for, say, browsers, is weaker (since network-access delays can no longer be assumed).
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Stark, Alexander. "Learning the transcriptional regulatory code." Molecular Systems Biology 5, no. 1 (January 2009): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/msb.2009.88.
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