Дисертації з теми "Mouvement humain complexe"
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Vedel, Charlotte. "Increasing lifting performances : Biomechanics for an optimized training." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAL0054.
Повний текст джерелаMore than sports, weightlifting and powerlifting are widely used in fitness/resistance training for sport performance. As they both consist of lifting additional weights they must be well executed to avoid injuries and enhance fitness and performance. To date, pieces of advice from experienced or graduated or self - proclaimed coaches, swarm in gyms and on the web, but very little are based on scientific knowledge. The same technical instructions are often given to men and women with different anthropometry and training history. As they are not individualized, these instructions could be at best suboptimal for most athletes, not enabling them to express their full potential and, at worst, dangerous and causing injuries. The central objective of our project is the development and validation of an optimised personalized virtual human model. On the one hand, a virtual mechanical model of an athlete squatting was numerically designed and set into motion by the development of a genetic algorithm minimizing a cost function. On the other hand, an experiment was designed to measure the squat kinematics of experienced athletes. The results of the simulation and experimentation were then confronted, the differences explained and areas of improvement listed
Kihl, Olivier. "Modélisations polynomiales hiérarchisées applications à l'analyse de mouvements complexes." Poitiers, 2012. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/25242/2012-Kihl-Olivier-These.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn this PhD thesis, we suggest a method which models every kind of movement with orthogonal polynomials basis. The main goal is to propose a hierarchical modeling of vector fields suitable for all types of fields. We study different space partitioning methods, including regular grids, quadtree and Voronoi diagrams, in order to take into account the local complexity of the field in order to refine modeling. We obtain qualitative results showing the benefit of this method. In addition, we propose a procedure for generating polynomial bases to model sparse fields. We apply this modeling approach in two contexts. The detection of singular points in the motion fields and the recognition of human movements. Both applications allow us to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method, since we obtain similar results to the most effective methods of literature
Monnier, Gilles Verriest Jean-Pierre. "Simulation de mouvements humains complexes et prédiction de l'inconfort associé application à l'évaluation ergonomique du bouclage de la ceinture de sécurité /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=monnier_g.
Повний текст джерелаBlache, Yoann. "Détermination du rôle moteur complexe lombo-pelvi-fémoral sur la performance d'un mouvement explosif : approche expérimentale et simulation appliquées au squat jump." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985370.
Повний текст джерелаBourdin, Christophe. "Contribution à la compréhension intégrée de la saisie manuelle réalisée en condition posturale complexe : cas précis de l'escalade." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10242.
Повний текст джерелаFautrelle, Lilian. "Flexibilité du contrôle moteur dans les mouvements complexes dirigés." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00692451.
Повний текст джерелаBardo, Ameline. "Manipulation abilities among hominids : a multidisciplinary study with behavior, morphology and modelling." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB079/document.
Повний текст джерелаHumans are considered to have unique manual abilities in the animal kingdom. However, we still do not know what the real manual abilities of primates are, nor how they evolved. Are humans really unique? This dissertation aims to investigate the manipulative abilities in Hominids related to their hand anatomy and function, using an interdisciplinary framework combining behavioral, morphological, functional, and biomechanical approaches. To quantify the behavioral strategies and manipulative abilities in Hominids, I have conducted an ethological study on different captive great apes and on humans during the same complex tool use task. I used 3D geometric morphometrics and comparative approaches on the trapeziometacarpal complex combined with a musculo-skeletal model to better interpret the behavioral results and to test the link between hand morphometric and biomechanical constraints during tool use in Hominids. The results of this PhD show that great apes demonstrate dynamic manipulative abilities but that each species has its own specificities. More complex dynamic abilities, such as in-hand movements, are observed for bonobos and gorillas than for orangutans. The different lifestyles of the species may explain this variability. Moreover, during the complex tool use task, humans perform better than great apes and show specificities. The new integrative approach also clearly shows that the different manipulative abilities of Hominids cannot only be a consequence of the different morphologies of the trapeziometacarpal joint but also of the different mechanical constraints related to the overall hand morphometric. These results highlight the difficulty to infer manual abilities in fossils from some bone shape information, without taking into account the overall morphometric of the hand and its possible link with biomechanical constraints. This PhD thesis provides new information on the manual abilities of Hominids, on the different constraints surrounding these abilities, and new information to better understand the evolution of manual abilities in primates
Bugeau, Aurélie. "Détection et suivi d'objets en mouvement dans des scenes complexes, application a la surveillance des conducteurs." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551601.
Повний текст джерелаFakhfakh, Nizar. "Détection et localisation tridimensionnelle par stéréovision d'objets en mouvement dans des environnements complexes : application aux passages à niveau." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618031.
Повний текст джерелаMonnier, Gilles. "Simulation de mouvements humains complexes et prédiction de l'inconfort associé : application à l'évaluation ergonomique du bouclage de la ceinture de sécurité." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0050/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDigital Human Models from now on enable to visualize interactions between an operator and virtual environments, and, as a result, to integrate human factors at a very early stage of design. However, the lack of realism of the generated motions, their low representativity of a population, as well as the real difficulty to create those movements limit the use of these tools into a design process. The objective of this work is therefore to propose an approach enabling a designer, not only to easily simulate complex, realist and representative human motions, but also to assess and explain the discomfort feeling. Regarding discomfort, two approaches were proposed and compared, either based on design parameters or on bio-mechanical parameters. As for motion simulation, the proposed approach is based on data, collected during experiments, as well as knowledge, gathered during motion analysis, integrated into a general framework, and used during the motion simulation process
Fort-Jacques, Théo. "Mettre l'espace en commun : recherche sur la coprésence dans les lieux-mouvement du métro. Le complexe d'échanges de la Défense." Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU1002.
Повний текст джерелаBoth exemplary victim of the urban contemporary reorganizations and ultimate saviour from this current trends, the public space may be thought as a utopia. In this way, it appears certainly as a potential for action. It involves a virtuous vision of the copresence. Therefore it isn’t relevant to analyse the geographical problem which arises as the individuals have to share space in the common situations of everyday life. This research consists in a study of the geographical layouts mobilized by the individuals to negotiate the copresence, considered as a « test ». This problem is obvious in the situations of movement, such as they happen in mobility-places, which are spaces produced by the mobility. The case of the interchange station of la Defense (Paris) attracts our attention. Indeed its recent reorganization highlights how the idea of public space nourrishes the RATP’s (Paris public transport system) consideration of the copresence. We are especially interested in the spatial dimension of the interactions of everyday life - for example: how to negotiate the crowding in a subway train in the rush hours? More over, the individuals whom we interview by « commented routes » are brought to describe and justify their practice of mobility. By this way, they evoke the practical and the political stakes of the sharing space
Maldonado, Toro Galo Xavier. "Analysis and generation of highly dynamic motions of anthropomorphic systems : application to parkour." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30375/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes an original and interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of whole-body human movements through the synergistic utilization of biomechanics, motor control and robotics. Robust methods of biomechanics are used to record, process and analyze whole-body human motions. The Uncontrolled Manifold approach (UCM) of motor control is extended to study highly dynamic movements processed in the biomechanical study, in order to determine if hypothesized dynamic tasks are being controlled stably by the central nervous system. This extension permits also to infer a hierarchical organization of the controlled dynamic tasks. The task space formalism of motion generation in robotics is used to generate whole-body motion by taking into account the hierarchy of tasks extracted in the motor control study. This approach permits to better understand the organization of human dynamic motions and provide a new methodology to generate whole-body human motions with anthropomorphic systems. A case study of highly dynamic and complex movements of Parkour, including jumps and landings, is utilized to illustrate the proposed approach
Salini, Joseph. "Commande dynamique pour la coordination tâche/posture des humanoïdes : vers la synthèse d'activités complexes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00710013.
Повний текст джерелаMajed, Lina. "Réorganisation du mouvement avec l’apprentissage d’une habileté motrice complexe, la marche athlétique : rôle de l’énergie métabolique et de la perception de l’effort. Effet de cet apprentissage sur les transitions marche-course." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA113002/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe first aim of the present work was to investigate movement reorganization with learning a complex motor skill, racewalking. The second aim was to bring more insight into the role of metabolic factors and perceived exertion. To do so, the first two studies analyzed the evolution of a large number of kinematic variables when participants underwent the practice sessions. At the start of each session, three instructions (i.e., biomechanical constraints) concerning the regulations and technique of racewalking were given. The results of the first study put forward a rapid evolution ofcoordination and control (Newell, 1985) that seem to reach a plateau at the fourth session out of seven in total. The second study, that investigated closely these first four sessions, revealed an important role of task constraints on movement reorganization, refuting the existence of general principles concerning the mastery of degrees of freedom (Bernstein, 1967). Furthermore, the first study showed a reduction in metabolic values and peripheral perceived exertion with practice, which were significantly correlated to the global movement reorganization. Overall, the results seem to raise an important role of peripheral sensory information on the adoption of more economical movement patterns with practice. The third study showed that after the seven learning session, participants spontaneously adopted racewalking as a new pattern in the transition test, between walking and running, for non-metabolic reasons. In conclusion, the present work proposes that the movement reorganization accompanying the learning of racewalking is oriented by task constraints on one sideand peripheral perceived exertion on the other aiming for metabolic optimization. Nevertheless, optimization of metabolic factors doesn’t seem a priority when the motor system should quickly adapt to a critical level of constraints
Corpetti, Thomas. "Estimation et analyse de champs denses de vitesses d'écoulements fluides." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005351.
Повний текст джерелаHuchez, Aurore. "Etude de la gestion et du contrôle de l'inertie lors de la réalisation d'une tâche acrobatique complexe en gymnastique." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00838684.
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