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Статті в журналах з теми "Mouches plates"
Pedro M. Alarcón-Elbal, Holly M. Garrod, Spencer C. Schubert, and Alonso Santos Murgas. "New host species records of a parasitic fly (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in montane forests of Hispaniola." Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 34 (June 3, 2021): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2021.34.53-56.
Повний текст джерелаBreitenmoser, Stève. "In Memoriam: Dr. Jacques Derron – agronome et entomologiste (1945–2022)." Alpine Entomology 6 (December 6, 2022): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.6.98192.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Mouches plates"
Defaye, Baptiste. "Etude des agents pathogènes dans les populations animales de zones humides en Corse et implications en termes de santé animale et humaine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Corte, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022CORT0009.
Повний текст джерелаCorsica is a French Mediterranean island marked by strong human and animal activities within different biotopes. Among these biotopes, the most outstanding are the wetlands. Within the Corsican territory, seven categories of wetlands have been counted, ranging from temporary wetlands such as ponds and temporary estuaries to large permanent areas such as coastal lagoons. These areas are key areas for human (agricultural, tourist, recreational) and animal (agriculture, watering, resting) activities. Due to their characteristics, these habitats are important in public health by their role in the proliferation and circulation of pathogens and their vectors. In the context of Corsica, the sanitary importance of wetlands is all the more important due to the insular context in the Mediterranean, which makes these areas points of resting for animal migrations such as avifauna. This favorable context for the research of pathogens in groups of animals and their vectors in Corsica wetlands was the target in our study. It focused on three groups of animals. The first one is the wild mammals where we focused on the wild boar. The second group is that of the animals of the corsican breeding. The third and last group is the avifauna. During our study, a total of 601 ticks were collected. They are composed of 4 different genera: Dermacentor spp. (D. marginatus), Hyalomma spp. (Hy. marginatum and Hy. scupense), Ixodes spp. (I. acuminatus/ventalloi, I. arboricola/lividus, I. frontalis, and I. ricinus), and Rhipicephalus spp. (Rh(Bo). annulatus, Rh. bursa, and Rh sanguineus s.l.). Among these genera, infestation preferences were observed, as for the genus Dermacentor for wild boar, the genus Rhipicephalus for cattle and the genus Ixodes for avifauna. In addition to the ticks collected, 37 loose flies of the species Ornithomya biloba were collected from migratory avifauna. This is their first identification on the Corsican territory. Using a high throughput real-time micro-fluidic PCR tool (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation, USA), a total of 34 species and 11 genera of bacteria, parasites and viruses were searched for in the three target animal groups. In addition, Usutu and West Nile viruses were tested in avian samples. A total of six pathogen genera were detected in ectoparasites and animals: three bacterial genera (Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia), two parasite genera (Babesia, Trypanosoma) and one viral genus (Flavivirus). Among these different genera, some species have been identified for the first time in Corsica as it is the case for: Rickettsia helvetica in avifauna ticks, Ehrlichia chaffeensis in sampled ticks and birds and Anaplasma capra in sheep farms. The presence of some pathogens was also confirmed in wetlands such as bacteria of the genera Rickettsia in wild boar and cattle ticks, Anaplasma in sheep and cattle farms, Babesia in wild boar and cattle ticks as well as in wild boar populations, Trypanosoma in cattle populations and West Nile virus in avifauna
Issa, Mze Hassani. "Études écologiques des mouches des fruits (diptera tephritidae) nuisibles aux cultures fruitières aux Comores." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0001/document.
Повний текст джерелаNumerous invasions by fruit flies of the Tephritidae family are observed worldwide. This is particularly the case in Comoros, because of its geographical position and its imports of fresh products from neighboring countries. In order to determine the strategies necessary to reduce the populations of several species of this family, it is essential to have a current status on the ecology and distribution of the species present in the archipelago. The objectives of this thesis were to: (i) inventory the Tephritidae species present in Comoros and analyze the seasonal fluctuations of populations in relation to climatic factors and phenology of the main host plants, (ii) determine the host plants range of the main species and (iii) inventory the Tephritidae indigenous parasitoids and follow the acclimatization of theparasitoid Fopius arisanus introduced since 2013. In order to achieve these objectives, a weekly monitoring of a trapping network as well as plants phenology present in Grande-Comore, Mohéli and Anjouan islands was carried out during a period of two years. Similarly,cultivated and wild fruits were sampled in different regions of the ecoclimatic diversity of Grande-Comore island during a period of three years. Five fruit fly species were found throughout the archipelago from the trapping network: Bactrocera dorsalis, Ceratitis capitata, Dacus bivittatus, Dacus punctatifrons and Dacus ciliatus. High dominance of the invasive species B. dorsalis was observed at all seasons and at all sites. The density of Tephritidae species was greater during the hot and wet season than during the cool and dry season. In addition, the results showed a high abundance of B. dorsalis in humid regions of low altitudes while C. capitata, persists in dry regions of higher elevation. The results suggest a niche separation phenomenon between these two species related to climate. Among 42 fruit species sampled from 22 plant families, 22 fruits belonging to 11 families were infested with Tephritidae. Six fruit fly species have emerged with a large dominance (91%) of B. dorsalis. The latter species occupies a wide range of host plants (16 species), using fruits previously infested with C. capitata. Four parasitoids species of Braconidae subfamily Opiinae have emerged in fruits including introduced species F. arisanus. However, very few individuals have been found at this timeand it will be necessary to follow acclimatization of the parasitoid in terms of parasitism rates, distribution and host fruit and Tephritidae species range
Josso, Céline. "Écologie des interactions entre la mouche du chou Delia radicum et ses ennemis naturels : de la parcelle au paysage." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S157.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the present thesis was to understand the interactions between D. Radicum and its main natural enemies in an agricultural landscape. To do so, we have carried out a multidisciplinary study, using landscape and population genetics approaches and working at different special scales ranging from the plant to the landscape. We found that some landscape elements and agricultural practices limiting field colonization and crop damages by D. Radicum and favoring its regulation by predators and parasitoids. After developing microsatellite markers, we characterized the genetic structure of their populations. We observed a weak genetic structure in pest populations, possibly due to high dispersal capability or high population densities. The two parasitoid species had a stronger population structure, suggesting a more limited dispersion than their host. The specialist parasitoid Aleochara bilineata shows the strongest genetic structure. In those species, geographic distance does not seem to be essential to population genetic structure. Finally, at a fine scale, we have determined the resource exploitation behavior of D. Radicum and its parasitoid A. Bipustulata. The clustering of D. Radicum eggs results from some plants being exploited by several females laying a few eggs each. Between each laying bout, females seem to move very little. Females of the generalist parasitoid A. Bipustulata apparently use successively odoriferous cues linked to the host plant then cues linked to their host D. Radicum during the behavioral sequence preceding egg-laying
Ouedraogo, Sylvain. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle des mouches des fruits (Diptera Tephritidae) en fonction des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques dans les vergers de manguiers de l'ouest du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0096.
Повний текст джерелаClassified as a quarantine pest, mango fruit flies (Diptera Tephritidae) are an importantconstraint for mango exportation from Burkina Faso. The main objective of this study was theenhanced understanding of the ecology of mango’s Tephritids. 1156598 Tephritid flies weretraped from December 2007 to December 2009 in 7 mango orchards. During this monitoring,temperature, relative humidity and rainfalls were registered. 19764 mango fruits from 8cultivars were collected and obsreved during mango season in order to assess fruit fliesdamages. Eighteen Tephritids species notably from Bactrocera, Ceratitis and Dacus genuswere identified and B. invadens and C. cosyra are the dominant ones. The population peaks ofmales and females appear in the months of May & June according to the sites. The femalespresent a peak during the flowering period also of the mango trees. Seven species of mangoinfesting fruit flies have been identified and the incidence of this infestation varies between0% (Sabre) and 12.5% (Keitt). Keitt and Brooks are the most infested mango cultivars. 64 %of these damages are caused by B. invadens while 31 % by C. cosyra. The inventory of thewoody plants around these sites as well as the collection and the incubation of their fruitsbetween April 2008 and December 2009 were also carried out. 105 woody trees had beenlisted around the mango orchards. Out of which, the fruits of 13 trees were found infested by7 species of Tephritids, of which, 6 are also found in mangos. It is especially C. cosyra butalso C. silvestrii, C. puntata and B. invadens.This work shows significant correlations between Tephiritids population fluctuations, climaticfactors and mango damages. The woody species around mango tree orchards shelter thesepests even after mango season. These new results allow the adaptation of the mango fruit fliescontrol methods in the particular agro-ecological area of our study zone
Lamy, Fabrice. "Comprendre et manipuler la communication entre les plantes et les insectes pour protéger les cultures : vers l’élaboration d’une stratégie « Push-Pull » pour lutter contre la mouche du chou (Delia radicum)." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1B025/document.
Повний текст джерелаWithin ecosystems, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants play a major role in trophic interactions. These olfactive signals will inform phytophagous insects about the presence of their hosts, but they also allow to recruit their natural enemies. It has been shown that some of these compounds could be used to manipulate the behaviour of insect crop pests. The push-pull strategy aims at combining positive and negative stimuli to push a pest out of a crop and lure it into a trap crop located in the periphery of the field, where it can be controlled. The objective of this thesis is to improve our understanding and our knowledge on the manipulation of chemical communication between plants and phytophagous insects, using synthetic VOCs and host preference as tools, to protect a crop against the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum). In a first chapter, we show that in a push-pull made of (i) DMDS dispensers as a push component and (ii) chinese cabbage strips supplemented with hexényl acetate (Z-3-HAC) as a pull component, it is possible to strongly reduce oviposition behaviour in D. radicum without impacting its natural enemies. Agronomic limits to the use of DMDS led us to search for other repulsive VOCs. In a second push-pull field experiment, using eucalyptol (1-8 cinéol), reduced by 60% the number of D. radicum pupae produced in the crop. This encouraging result led us to characterize the inhibition effect of this monoterpene in the lab and concluded that it allows to mask the attractive blend of VOCs released by the host. The efficiency of the push component being strongly linked to that of the VOC diffusion, we have then tested both in the laboratory and in the field a new kind of dispenser made of vegetal waxes, allowing to diffuse eucalyptol passively but regularly during several weeks. This study shows the good potential of this device, which is affordable, easy to use and reliable in terms of diffusion, in integrated pest management strategies at a large scale. In parallel of our studies on the push component, we have also sought to increase the efficiency of the pull component. Thanks to its strong attractivity toward D. radicum, Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa), allows to divert pest pressure from the cash crop. We show that within its important genetic diversity, some cultivars such as Richi (of the pekinensis subspecies) are preferentially attacked by D. radicum, which makes them good candidates to develop an efficient pull component. Using both the literature and our own results, we finally propose a general discussion on the system studied. We conclude that, at least in the case of the cabbage root fly, VOCs are probably not the sole tools to consider when trying to develop a push-pull strategy
Книги з теми "Mouches plates"
de, Meyer Marc, and Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale., eds. Annotated check list of host plants for afrotropical fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of the genus Ceratitis =: Liste commentée des plantes hôtes des mouches des fruits (Diptera: Tephritidae) afrotropicales du genre Ceratitis. Tervuren, Belgique: Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, 2002.
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