Дисертації з теми "Motorcycles"
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1
Holz, Raquel da Fonseca. "Realidade da motocicleta no ambiente urbano com foco no Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/108507.
Анотація:
A tese apresenta um panorama global e atual da inserção da motocicleta em países representativos dos sete continentes, com ênfase no Brasil. Para isso, foram feitas análises sobre quatro elementos da realidade da motocicleta no mundo: (i) a propriedade, analisada através dos dados das frotas mundiais; (ii) os diferentes usos das motocicletas; (iii) os acidentes com motociclistas, através de uma reflexão sobre dados de acidentalidade, suas consequências para a sociedade e possíveis intervenções; (iv) as práticas de operação das motocicletas empregadas em algumas cidades do mundo. Após, foi proposto o desenvolvimento de procedimentos padronizados para a coleta de dados na identificação do corredor virtual e a criação de um método para análise desses corredores, quanto as suas diversas características. O método proposto incorpora análises quantitativas e qualitativas da operação da motocicleta em corredor virtual. Foram escolhidos como parâmetros para a criação do método alguns elementos físicos para caracterizar o corredor virtual, como velocidades praticadas pelas motocicletas ao estarem operando no corredor, acelerações, desacelerações e larguras do corredor virtual. Foi realizada, também, uma análise observacional do comportamento de cada motocicleta pesquisada, com ênfase nas particularidades dos movimentos. A aplicação do método envolveu a análise de dados coletados na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Na aplicação do método, os resultados mostram que a velocidade média adquirida pela motocicleta não depende somente da variável largura do corredor virtual. Também identificam as larguras mínimas e máximas usadas pelos motociclistas nos corredores virtuais, nos ambientes estudados. O estudo de caso mostrou que a aplicação do método proposto é simples, sendo possível a sua transferência a outras realidades brasileiras.This thesis presents a global and current overview of the insertion of motorcycle in representative countries of the seven continents, with an emphasis on Brazil. For that, four elements about reality’s motorcycle in the world were analyzed: (i) ownership, analyzed through the data of world fleet; (ii) the different uses of motorcycles; (iii) accidents involving motorcyclists, its consequences for society and interventions possible; (iv) operation practices currently in place in some cities of the world. Beyond that, it was development standardized procedures to collection data that identified the lane sharing and was created a method to analyzing these lanes, about its some characteristics. The method analyzed quantitative and qualitative data around the motorcycle’s operation on a lane sharing, and the parameters used were some physical elements to characterize the lane sharing, as speeds practiced by the motorcycles in operation in the corridor, accelerations, decelerations and widths of the lane sharing. Was also performed an observational analysis on the behavior of each motorcycle researched, with emphasis in a particularities of the movements. The model was applied based on data collect in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. The results showed that the average speed acquired by motorcycle not depends only on the width of the lane sharing. Also identified the minimum and maximum widths used by motorcyclists in lane sharing in the study’s place. The case showed that the application of the proposed method is simple, and may be transferred to other Brazilian’s realities.
2
Storozheva, Yulia, and Stephen Young. "Building brand equity at Huskvarna Motorcycles." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9533.
Анотація:
Purpose
The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the current challenges facedby Husqvarna Motorcycles in their brand building process, and todescribe ways in which applying the brand equity principles will enablean increase of the value of their brand.
Background
In the complex world of organizations and companies where thecompetitive position plays an important role in successful achievementsof the company, managers seek after building a sustainablecompetitive advantage. Building brand equity is an important focusfor a large company' improvement, since it raises interest of existingand new customers. The process of building brand equity takestime but through this process a company will have a stronger marketposition which creates brand value.
Method
In order to answer the purpose, the qualitative method with implementation of semi-structured interviews for collecting data wasused. The data was interpreted and then structured and analyzedusing theoretical framework.
Conclusions
During the research performed it was found out that the managersare facing several challenges in respect to building brand equity.Therefore, five components of building brand equity were implementedto draw the conclusions of how the managers could strengthentheir brand.
3
Sharma, Amrit. "Stability Analysis of Bicycles & Motorcycles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516175.
4
Bello, Ceferino Cristhian Yesid. "Eco-driving strategy for electric motorcycles." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST072.
Анотація:
Les stratégies d’éco-conduite sont des approches dédiées matérialisées par des algorithmes capables d'utiliser des informations internes et externes liées à l’environnement du véhicule afin de créer des recommandations et/ou des limitations au conducteur et de générer automatiquement un profil d’usage pour le cas d’un véhicule autonome. Elles permettent notamment de réduire la consommation d'énergie et limiter les émissions de polluants, mais souvent n’intègrent pas directement l'autonomie et les performances requises par le conducteur en temps réel. Ces travaux de thèse visent à développer une stratégie d'éco-conduite adaptée aux motos électriques en intégrant les contraintes d’usage. En effet, la stratégie proposée utilise un contrôleur optimal basé sur une approche d’optimisation en temps réel. Cette dernière est orientée pour garantir que l'énergie disponible soit suffisante pour effectuer le trajet demandé, en adaptant le profil de vitesse suivant les conditions d’usage et les contraintes énergétiques. Pour ce faire, cette stratégie a mobilisé différents modèles considérant des contraintes multi-physiques (électriques, mécaniques, thermiques, ...etc.) des principaux éléments constituant la chaine de conversion : machine électrique, convertisseurs d’électronique de puissance et batterie, afin de tenir compte le comportement énergétique global. La stratégie proposée s’appuie sur un modèle non linéaire prédictif de commande (NMPC) associé à une optimisation unidimensionnelle non linéaire avec une fonction coût évolutive. Cette fonction intègre d’une manière progressive, au même niveau, plusieurs critères qui ont été départagés par une étude de sensibilité des coefficients de pondération, en tenant compte du temps de compilation pour satisfaire les besoins du temps réel. Ces travaux ont été validés en simulation et expérimentation sur un banc de test développé à échelle réduite. Cette validation a montré que la stratégie permet d'augmenter de 20% l'autonomie avec une limitation maximale de 30% de la vitesse et l’accélération pour les cas d’usage les plus contraignants (conduites dynamiques). En outre, la stratégie est capable de garantir la fin du trajet à 98% avec une erreur de distance inférieure à 1,5%, en présence de bruits de capteurs et d'actionneurThe eco-driving strategies are dedicated approaches based on algorithms capable to use external and internal vehicle data to create recommendations and/or limitations over the driver or to generate automatically a complete reference to be followed in the case of autonomous vehicle. They let to reduce the energy consummation and to limit the pollution emissions, but currently, their usage is not directly related to the autonomy and the performance required by the driver in real time. In this context, this thesis work proposes an Eco-Driving strategy suitable for electric motorcycle with usage limitations. In fact, this strategy uses an optimal controller able to make an online optimization process. This controller is oriented to ensure that the energy available is enough to complete a demanded trip and to adapt the speed profile according to the usage requirements and the energetic constraints. The developed strategy integrates dynamic models carrying out an optimization under multi-physic constraints (electric, mechanic, thermal …etc) present in the main elements of the power chain: electric machine, power electronics converters and battery. Those models let to make a global energy behavior representation. The NMPC optimization technic (non-linear model predictive controller) is supported on a non-linear mechanical model joined to a weight unidimensional non-linear optimization. This means that the NMPC cost function weights can evolve in function of energy behavior and external constraints. This multi-objective cost function integrates (in a progressive way) different behaviors that related to the energy consumption classified by a weighting sensitivity study. This process lets to find a good balance between the optimization goal and the compilation time to satisfy real-time needs. The developed approach has been validated in simulation and in experimental with a reduced scale developed test bench. The validation shows that the algorithm is able to increase around 20% the autonomy with a maximum limit of 30% of the speed and acceleration for the strict usage cases (dynamic driving). In addition, the algorithm is capable to ensure completing the travel in the 98% of cases with a distance error lower than 1.5% in the presence of sensors and actuator noises
Las estrategias de conducción ecológica son enfoques basados en algoritmos capacesde utilizar los datos del vehículo para crear recomendaciones sobre el conductor o generar una referencia completa a seguir en el caso de un vehículo autónomo. Estos, permiten reducir el consumo de energía pero actualmente su uso no está directamente relacionado con la autonomía y el rendimiento requerido por el conductor en tiempo real. En este contexto, este trabajo de tesis propone una estrategia de conducción ecológica adecuada para motocicletas eléctricas. De hecho, esta estrategia utiliza un controlador óptimo capaz de realizar un proceso de optimización online. Este controlador está orientado a garantizar que la energía disponible sea suficiente para completar un viaje demandado. Para cumplir esa meta, el control optimo adapta el perfil de velocidad de acuerdo con los requisitos de uso y las limitaciones energéticas. El enfoque desarrollado ha sido validado con un banco de pruebas desarrollado a escala reducida. La validación muestra que el algoritmo puede aumentar un 20 % la autonomía con una límitacion máxima del 30 % de la velocidad y aceleración para los casos de uso estricto. Además, el algoritmo es capaz de asegurar la capacidad para completar el recorrido en el 98 % de los casos con un error de distancia inferior al 1,5 %
5
Scoville, Carrie Tokarczyk. "Women and motorcycles: feminism, propaganda and pornography." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1334241223.
6
Gouws, Aldo. "An investigation into the promotional activities employed by the motorcycle businesses in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan area." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/250.
Анотація:
The motorcycle industry is well established in South Africa, but has not nearly reached its full potential. This study investigates how this situation can be improved by enhancing the promotions of motorcycles in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality (NMMM) area under investigation. Motorcycle businesses in this area currently compete with a disadvantage in the transportation market. Motor vehicles are assembled in this area whereas motorcycles are not, and this creates various work opportunities and brand loyalty for the motor industry. The Government also offers import rebates to motor vehicle exports. The cost, prejudicial attitudes and road safety of motorcycles contribute toward the difficulties faced by the motorcycle industry, which prevent the growth of this market. This market usually requires potential customers to have a passion for motorcycles to turn them into actual customers. To overcome these difficulties an investigation was conducted to determine which promotional activities the motorcycle businesses in the NMMM area employ. This study identifies the motorcycle businesses’ promotional shortcomings and makes suggestions for improvement. Promotional activities are vital since motorcycles are at a disadvantage when compared to motor vehicles in the NMMM area. One of the best ways the motorcycle businesses can successfully compete in the transportation market is to make use of promotions to make potential customers aware and enhance their support of the motorcycle businesses. For this reason the promotional variables (advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, sales promotions and public relations) should be exploited to its fullest to enhance potential customers’ support of motorcycles. This process can also create brand loyalty and equity, which will retain customers over the long term. Communication with a market is essential to achieve this and to inform and remind potential customers about the products available.
7
Gaskill, Adam. "The influence of consumption values on motorcycle brand choice this thesis is submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Business, 2004." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004.
8
Stjärnqvist, Anna. "THE MYSTERIOUS MC-CLUBS: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE, SYMBOLS, BROTHERHOOD, AND CRIMINAL INVOLVEMENT AMONG LEGAL AND ILLEGAL MC-CLUBS." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26821.
Анотація:
Mc-clubs are marked as mysterious with dangerous motorcycles and deviant. Research has noticed both the illegal and legal clubs, but few have performed a comparison. The paper describes the similarities, differences, and the characteristics among legal and illegal mc-clubs. The comparison is done by looking at the structure, symbols, brotherhood, and criminal involvement. The depiction of the clubs is done by the help of Edwin M. Lemert’s terms primary and secondary deviance and Lewis Yablonsky’s definition of the social, delinquent, and violent gang. A content analysis based on 28 previous and current articles has been used to find the specific themes the clubs have in common and what characterizes and separates them. The clubs were shown to have similar structure, symbols and brotherhood, the difference lying in the intensity of the three components. The major difference is the criminal involvement. The illegal clubs reject the conventional society where the deviance is a form of identity, sharing it with like-minded in a violent setting. The legal clubs, however, conform and simultaneously deviate and have their own community with values and beliefs. Implications and future research is discussed.
9
Shaeri, Arash. "Theoretical analysis of forced nonlinear oscillations in motorcycles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412451.
10
Cronin, Kevin. "An investigation into mechanical antilock brakes for motorcycles." Thesis, Brunel University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333479.
11
Ellery, M. K. "An investigation of the aerodynamics of racing motorcycles." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/42970/.
Анотація:
The purpose of this thesis is to present a study on motorcycle aerodynamics with particular regard to the performance characteristics of faired and unfaired types in use today for road racing and speed record attempts. To achieve this, a wind tunnel procedure for the testing of scale models was developed with emphasis on the problems involved in obtaining valid data from large model-to-tunnel area blockage ratios, (approximately 15'%). Following a review of the results, which included six aerodynamic force and moment coefficients and their variation with Reynolds number and yaw angle, a programme of drag reduction was pursued which approached the problem from two directions: firstly, by using simple bolt-on devices for conventional fairings, designed so as to obviate the need for major machine modifications and secondly, by a complete redesign of the motorcycle.� The latter involved the use of more efficient aerodynamic shapes and also achieved a reduction in frontal area without compromising rider comfort. The final result was a machine which would provide greatly enhanced racing performance through a drag reduction of approximately 40% and also lend itself to the incorporation of radical primary and secondary safety features, beneficial both an the track and public roads. Preliminary studies into a computational flow simulation as a first stage to the full prediction of fairing pressure distribution are also included. The techniques explored attempted to retain a reasonable accuracy of result without recourse to excessive computer power or complicated calculations. This was achieved successfully with the simple models considered, despite the highly separated nature of the simulated flow.
12
Kumar, Ravindra. "Modelling motorcycles driving cycles and emissions in Edinburgh." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2009. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3047.
Анотація:
The level of ownership and use of motorcycling has increased rapidly in Edinburgh and the UK in the last ten years. In this study, motorcycle driving cycles (rural and urban) were developed for Edinburgh (Edinburgh Motorcycle Driving cycle-EMDC). The analysis of EMDC demonstrates that motorcycles‘ driving behaviour differs between urban and rural areas. EMDC shows a typical transient nature of speed, acceleration and deceleration, which is also different from regulatory driving cycles (Economic Commission for Europe-ECE and World Motorcycle Test Cycle-WMTC) and examples from Asia (Taiwan, Bangkok and China). This research underlines the need for detailed investigations of driving cycles in any local condition. It is not generally feasible for a driving cycle developed in one area to be applicable in another area, even with some similar characteristics. Emission factors were also estimated using onboard, laboratory and micro simulation measurements along the test corridor (Air Quality Management Area-AQMA). Laboratory measurements were carried out by applying a number of standard driving cycles (ECE and WMTC) and the derived EMDCs. Results show that the emission factors (EFs) calculated in the laboratory for carbon monoxide (CO) and Hydrocarbons (HC) are higher for the urban EMDC cycle compared to the standard regulatory factors than they are for the rural (except Nitrogen Oxide-NOx). Laboratory emission factors for CO and HC for the urban EMDC were found to be higher than the micro-simulation and onboard methods. EFs obtained from micro-simulation and onboard emissions using the National Atmospheric Emission Inventory (NAEI) emission coefficients were not very different with the exception of NOx, which were relatively higher than those of EMDC. Micro simulation models were mainly developed for private cars and therefore special care should be taken when using them for modelling other conditions (e.g. motorcycles driving characteristics). This study illustrates the extent to which micro-simulation may be utilised to accurately model emissions and discusses the refinements required to model motorcycle motion (hence emission) accurately in micro simulation. The study provides a platform for a large number of potential future applications for the evaluation of emissions and for developing various policy scenarios of pollution reduction and reducing health impacts at local levels.
13
Xu, Jianhua, and 徐建华. "Motorcycle taxi drivers and motorcycle ban policy in the Pearl River Delta." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45449880.
Анотація:
The Best PhD Thesis in the Faculties of Architecture, Arts, Business &Economics, Education, Law and Social Sciences (University of HongKong), Li Ka Shing Prize, 2009-2010published_or_final_version
Sociology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
14
Ramirez, Ciro Moreno. "Dynamic analysis of alternative suspension systems for sport motorcycles." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/14574/.
Анотація:
In this thesis, VehicleSim multi-body software is used to extend and modify an existing motorcycle model by including different non-conventional suspension systems. Girder and Hossack double wishbones front suspension systems are designed, implemented and tested. Using a synthesis of mechanism methodology, they are designed with different kinematic configurations that allow different behaviours of the motorcycle front end. By means of CAD tools and finite element analysis, realistic three dimensional models of the suspension systems designs are developed. The dynamical properties of the mechanical assemblies are obtained from the CAD models and used to build a realistic mathematical model of a sport motorcycle fitted with theses alternative suspension systems. Dynamical and stability analyses of the alternative front suspension systems are performed. For the different kinematic configurations, anti-dive properties and variation of the motorcycle's handling geometric parameters are studied by non-linear dynamical simulations. Stability analyses are performed by means of the motorcycle linear models eigenvalues. Passive interconnection of front and rear suspension systems of a sport motorcycle is also investigated. The effects of an interconnected suspensions system on the motorcycle in-plane motions are studied by means of reduced order linear models. The baseline model is modified to include passive interconnection forces between the front and rear suspension systems. The possible improvement introduced by an interconnected suspensions system in terms of suspension accuracy is investigated through non-linear simulations with delayed step tyres inputs. Appropriate values of the interconnection passive components for different possible mechanical implementation are found by means of optimization processes. Linear stability analyses are performed for each of the different optimal interconnected configurations. Nonlinear frequency analyses of the motorcycle wheels and chassis responses are also performed considering the delay between the front and rear tyre inputs. Non-linear simulations with variable frequency sinusoidal road inputs are run for this purpose. Finally, modal analyses of the motorcycle model are carried out for variable interconnection parameters in order to understand the effect of the interconnected suspensions system on the motorcycle's motion.
15
Gårdh, Victor. "Brand Heritage : Helping Strengthen the Brand Identity of Husqvarna Motorcycles." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9825.
Анотація:
Abstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to learn how brand heritage and retro brands can help HQM strengthen their brand identity.
Background: Companies with a long history have a strategic choice to make re-garding the use of their heritage in marketing communications. Such companies also enjoy a history of interesting products, for which some may exist the possibility for a retro relaunch. Husqvarna is such a company, which made it interesting to find out how these two strategic tools can or cannot strengthen the studied company‘s brand identity.
Method: Through an inductive and exploratory case study with interviews of the personnel at Husqvarna Motorcycles, Italy, three theoretical areas emerged to be researched, brand identity, brand heritage and retro brands. The latter two required the help of real life examples for better understanding. The analysis had a deductive approach where the studied theory was applied to the companies, and conclu-sions were drawn from the accumulated knowledge to help streng-then the brand identity of Husqvarna Motorcycles.
Conclusions: HQM is a brand with heritage in the process of taking a strategic de-cision to use its heritage as a tool to strengthen the brand identity, hence on the way to become a heritage brand in the true meaning of the definition. As the oldest brand on the market, HQM can use its heritage to differentiate itself from the competition, creating uni-queness impossible to copy. A retro product can be a useful vehicle to carry the newly uncovered heritage to surface. With the help of theory and a real life example, a contender within the historical company product portfolio was recognized. Finally, the band identi-ty as stated by HQM was redefined according to the findings.
16
Eriksson, Sofia, and Petter Isaksson. "Model based development of a roll angle estimator for motorcycles." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1744.
Анотація:
This report compares the development tools Ascet and Matlab with regard to their suitability as tools for model based development of signal processing software for embedded systems. We derive appropriate metrics of quality and perform an implementation of a signal processing algorithm called RAI, Roll Angle Indicator, in both tools. RAI is an algorithm that with an Extended Kalman Filter estimates the roll angle, that is how much a motorcycle is leaning. From the models implemented in Ascet and Matlab we then generate C-code for a embedded system. This code is then run on an embedded target containing a Infineon C167 microprocessor. Information from the implementation and the performance of the generated C-code is then used to compare the two model based development tools.
17
Gani, Mahbub Rahman. "The computer assisted modelling, simulation and analysis of two-wheeled road vehicles." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322711.
18
Khashawi, Fadhel. "Detecting motorcycles in road scenes : differences between car drivers and motorcyclists." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12044/.
Анотація:
Many motorcycle “right of way” violations are believed to be a result of low conspicuity and a failure to perceive the motorcycle. Drivers with previous experience of riding motorcycles tend not to commit this type of violation, indicating an influence of awareness or expectancy. This thesis investigates the way these drivers with motorcycle experience inspect traffic scenes in the appearance of a motorcycle, and compares their performances to drivers with no motorcycle experience. It investigates also the effect of motorcycle awareness promotion signs such as “Think Bike” that are used in safety campaigns across the United Kingdom. It also tries to develop a design that could be used in eye movement studies to compare eye movements patterns of drivers with motorcycle experience and those who do not have motorcycle experience. In experiment 1, a group of drivers with motorcycle experience were tested on how readily they perceive motorcycles in traffic still pictures. Their performances were compared with another two groups of drivers without motorcycle experience, one of them were shown warning signs promoting motorcycle awareness used in a safety campaigns. Still pictures of real traffic environments were used as stimuli, allowing control over several variables: appearance and visual saliency of the motorcycle, danger of the situation, and the presence of warning signs promoting motorcycle awareness. The subjects were asked wither they think it was safe to cross the road or not. Then the motorcycle was digitally edited and was made less salient to make it hard to be detected, or it was removed or replaced by a car. Motorcycle saliency was determined using the Itti and Koch (2000) saliency map program that calculates in which order that motorcycle is likely to be spotted compared to other objects in the scene. The results showed slower inspection times when the scene was safe, indicating a greater extent of the search for hazards. Also the presence of the motorcycle had the effect of extending search times for drivers with motorcycle experience, again reflecting a more extensive search associated with the type of driving experience. Prolonged inspection times appeared with car drivers after presentation of the warning signs used in a safety campaign in the UK. In experiment 2, the same traffic pictures were used but with a searching task instead of a hazard detection related task. A group of drivers with no motorcycle experience were giving a searching task about an aspect that may appear in the picture. The aspect was either about a motorcycle or other vehicle in the scene, and the motorcycle was either salient and easy to detect, non salient, or absent. The results showed high accuracy in the searching task, with no effect whether the searching was on an aspect related to the motorcycle or not, and motorcycle saliency did not appear to have any impact. In experiment 3, the same experiment was repeated, but viewing time of the pictures was reduced to 500 milliseconds. The results showed a small decrease on accuracy compared to experiment 2, and it failed to spot any difference across the motorcycle presentation. These results highlight the effect of Top-down processing of the scene rather than a bottom-up processing. Experiment 4 continued the same method of using still pictures of traffic scene; but with a more control over the traffic aspects in the scene. Pictures of approaching motorcycle to an intersection from several distances were used in this experiment. The motorcycle was then digitally edited to be either removed or replaced by a car. This experiment was a replication of Crundall, Humphrey, & Clarke (2009) with the addition of the saliency factor. Two groups of drivers without motorcycle experience were tested, one of them was shown warning signs promoting motorcycle awareness used in a safety campaigns and the other was not. The task was a simple searching task of spotting an oncoming vehicle, with a limited viewing time of 500 milliseconds for each picture. The results showed that warning signs did increase accuracy in spotting the oncoming vehicle. Saliency also has a significant impact, especially with motorcycles approaching from far distance. In experiment 5, the same experiment repeated with only one group of drivers. The task was to evaluate each picture on wither they think it was safe to pull in front of the approaching vehicle or not. The variation of saliency showed an effect on decision and increasing viewing time. The results of these two experiments confirmed the effect of motorcycle warning signs. The effect of saliency also started to come out after controlling some aspects of the pictures such as the location of the oncoming vehicle. Experiment 6, a further modifications were added to the pictures to insure fully controlled about all objects that appears on the scene. On this experiment, saliency was changed with the amount of traffic density of the road. Instead of making the vehicle difficult to spot, a different number of vehicles appear on each scene to act as distracters. This method allows for more realistic pictures, and to have traffic related objects to compete with the approaching vehicle in attracting attention. A group of drivers with motorcycle experience were asked wither they think it was safe to pull out on front of the oncoming vehicle or not. Their performance was compared with another two groups of drivers without motorcycle experience, one of them were shown motorcycle’s warning signs. Eye movements were recorded in this study to see if there are any differences between groups on how they spot the motorcycle compared to cars. Results replicated the effect of the distance in the previous experiment. It also found an effect on the number of the distracters that appears in the scene resembling the saliency effect in the previous experiments. The effect of the safety campaign signs appears also. Regarding the eye movement pattern, results showed a slightly different pattern between groups that indicates that motorcycle awareness affects the way drivers inspect the scene. This awareness could be achieved by either having motorcycle riding experience, or simply by priming the appearance of motorcycle appearance using appropriate road warning signs.
19
Nguyen, Quoc Hien. "Saturation flow and vehicle equivalence factors in traffic dominated by motorcycles." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442477.
20
Lee, Yu-Shuan, and 李雨勳. "A Study on Hydraulic Motorcycle Semi-Active Suspension Systems for Motorcycles." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73262960556487110441.
Анотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
91
To improve the handling and driving comfort of cars, only a few researches were done on active and semi-active suspension systems recently. However, the application of active or semi-active suspension systems to motorcycle is quite few. Hence, the topic of this research is on motorcycle The reasons are because of the simple structure and better performance than active suspension system. In this paper, a proportional throttling valve was developed and applied to build a semi-active suspension system on a 125cc scooter. Moreover, a hydraulic motorcycle suspension test bench was designed to verify the effect of semi-active suspension system. Due to the suspension of motorcycles is a nonliner, time-varing system. A fuzzy logic controller is proposed to control the semi-active suspension system. In addition, this report also shows the design of a manually operated three-step adjustable suspension system. The system can be adjusted according to different road conditions. The main advantages are its competitive price, simple design and better performance.
21
Yeh, Chi-Wei, and 葉其蔚. "A Research of Domestic Motorcycles Examination Flow and Import Motorcycles Examination of Pollutant Emission." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m8pm92.
Анотація:
碩士聖約翰科技大學
電機工程系碩士在職專班
101
People are thick and land is slender in Taiwan, the path way is small and winding, it is very suitable for the characteristics of motorcycles travel. According to the statistics of Ministry of Transportation, at present, the motorcycles quantity broke 15 million critical junctions (15,130,483) till November, 2012 in Taiwan. Calculates at the adult population, every five people have four people to have a motorcycle; the motorcycle becomes one of the important transportation vehicles of the universal populace, but the traditional oil consumption motorcycle is the main air pollution source on our country path, people focus most attention on the opened import large-scale heavy motorcycles in 2002. Because the petroleum composition includes the impurity of sulfur, it is unable to remove completely in the refinery process; therefore, after the use of petroleum and other petrified fuel and traditional gasoline and diesel oil car are burnt with pollutant in the emission and produce massively the noxious gas to the human body and environment. Seriously affects the health and living conditions. Therefore, the thesis discusses in view of the examination flow of import large-scale heavy motorcycle in our country and test result of emission pollution quantity. And proposes dealt and suggestion to the domestic and the foreign in view of the control strategy of motorcycle pollution. Because choose successfully or not to the import vehicles, it is really great related to the operating expense control for the company. Facing the market steep competition in the future, the thesis may provide database of the pollutant emission result, and provides the analysis model and applies the mechanical method, and reduces the risk of choice of import type of automobile, and may enhance the efficiency of entering the car procedure of the company.
22
Roan, Guan Kae, and 阮觀凱. "Development of ABS for Motorcycles." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15833805253373723940.
23
Huang, Chieh-Ju, and 黃介儒. "Business Model of Electronic Motorcycles." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99752566001206608541.
Анотація:
碩士國立中央大學
企業管理學系在職專班
104
In currently industry of electronic motorcycles, business model cannot fit market and customer demand, the reason is too many difficulties to diffuse electronic motorcycles well, and these difficulties include insufficient infrastructure for electronic motorcycles, users do not want to change their behavior from fuel motorcycle, and users also worry about roadside assistance. Even though, government go into many good policies to promote electronic motorcycles, the result is still not good enough. This research discusses the business model of electronic motorcycles, using case study method and Business Model Canvas to analyze industry of electronic motorcycle in Taiwan, and made a new business model to solve these issues.
24
Chiang, Ming-Hao, and 蔣洺豪. "Misfire Diagnosis Strategy for Motorcycles." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4qrtcn.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
100
Because the emission regulations become more severe around the world, the automobiles must be equipped with on-board diagnosis (OBD) system which could detect the malfunctions or deteriorations before exceeding the emission standards and then inform the driver about maintenance as soon as possible. It’s unnecessary that motorcycles are demanded to equip with OBD system at present phase, however, the Euro 5 emission regulations which are performed in 2017 for motorcycles follow the European Commission (EC) legislative proposals, they would compel the motorcycles to have the OBD equipment for reducing the serious exhaust emission due to malfunctions or deteriorations. The OBD technologies on automobile have developed for a long time, it could not be carried out on motorcycle directly since the specifications are different between vehicles and motorcycles. In this research, to follow the characteristic of crankshaft dynamic for developing motorcycle’s misfire detection strategy. If engine occurred misfire, the crankshaft dynamic would lead to serious variation during power stroke, so those results can be determined that engine are situating misfire. The misfire generator also is established for providing specific misfire rate at different engine conditions. The misfire detection strategy which be developed on motorcycle is able to detect accurately misfire event at idle and without load at 50 km/h , the 99 percent detection can be achieved with load at 50 km/h.
25
CHEN, TZU-YAO, and 陳資堯. "Applying Smart Sensing Systems for Motorcycles." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49369374383423848761.
Анотація:
碩士中華大學
電機工程學系碩士班
103
In Taiwan, more people are riding motorcycles than ever before, whether for work transportation or simply pleasure. In the past, the motorcycles with the traditional mechanical control systems are lack of safety design, easily resulting in people died in motorcycle accidents. Recently, the electronic control systems replace the traditional mechanical control systems. They dedicate to specific functions take different approaches to help keep the safety awareness, and possibly save their lives. Nowadays, the intelligent control systems can be adaptive to the rider’s behavior and LED display, and also recording the fault code in the trip computer to facilitate maintenance. However, riders often make responds wrong to the abnormal conditions without information in detail. In this thesis, we develop a wireless communication human machine interface (HMI) system, which uses an Android smartphone. The add-in sensing circuits and alcohol sensor are designed to measure the working status of the motorcycles and riders, such as temperature, humidity and concentration for intake air, cylinder head and exhaust pipe, integrating in the embedded microcontroller. The riders can obtain real-time data monitoring of the abnormal condition using a smartphone via Bluetooth, further making a better decision. Safety can be improved and maintenance costs can be down.
26
Chiang, Ping-Nan, and 江炳南. "A Duration Model of Motorcycles’ Usage." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87850843373162098173.
Анотація:
碩士淡江大學
運輸管理學系
91
With more than ten millions that occupy almost every street of all cities and towns, motorcycles are definitely one of the most important vehicles in Taiwan. For more than three decades, motorcycles not only significantly contributed to Taiwan’s economic development, but also created a lot of problems, e.g., parking, accidents, and air pollution, to the society. To understand the factors affecting the usage duration of motorcycles, this study conducted interviews with motorcycle users and applied survival analysis method to formulate the lifetime of motorcycles. The lifetime function is characterized by the attributes of the motorcycle and its user, and it is assumed to follow either a Weibull distribution or a Cox function. The parameters of Weibull distribution are calibrated by using both uncensored data and rightcensored data while the parameters of Cox’ proportional hazards model are calibrated by using only the uncensored data. In addition, the data for the Weibull distribution calibration are first clustered into groups such that the observations in the same group posses similar hazard rate pattern. Finally, a case study based on data collected from Taipei is presented. The results show that new motorcycles and motorcyclists with elderly and actively would lead to longer both year and kilometrage life span of motorcycles, motorcycles with larger capacity of gas chamber and commutation would lead to longer kilometrage- life span of motorcycles; The motorcyclists with higher education and income would lead to longer year- life span of motorcycles.
27
Lee, Kun-Hsien, and 李坤賢. "Poisoning of Catalyst Converters on Motorcycles." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51947835259499942664.
28
Lin, Wei-Cheng, and 林維城. "Data Acquisition System for Hybrid Motorcycles." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82413752319598728641.
Анотація:
碩士國立中正大學
電機工程所
95
This thesis proposes how to establish a data acquisition system for hybrid motorcycles. The data acquisition system is developed based on the CompactRIO with FPGA chips and we use LabVIEW to accomplish the measurement. First, the thesis proposes a system to monitor the driving parameters and V-I signals in the hybrid motorcycles. Second, we establish a program that can acquisit data from a hybrid motorcycle during operation. The system uses the CAN(Control Area Network) protocol to transmit signals which can avoid errors occurring when the vehicle is operated under noisy environment. Finally, we use the CompactRIO and prepare a program which can receive signals from the CAN to monitor the data. In the thesis, we measure the motor speed, engine speed, TPS (Throttle Position Sensor), battery voltage and battery temperature. Measured results have verified the feasibility of the data acquisition system.
29
MAO, YUNG-HENG, and 毛永亨. "License Plate Recognition for Moving Motorcycles." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d26f29.
Анотація:
碩士朝陽科技大學
資訊工程系
106
Currently the license plate recognition technology has been widely used in daily life. It mainly detects the license plate characters by computer vision technology and identifies license plate characters. The object of license plate recognition is usually stationary vehicles, a few are for the recognition of moving vehicles, and its application is subject to a certain degree of restrictions. Motorcycle stability is far less than that of vehicles when moving, resulting in a more unfixed motorcycle license plate's sight angle when moving. Therefore, motorcycle license plates are more difficult to identify than vehicle license plates. This study designed a license plate recognition system for a moving motorcycle. The system can be divided into three stages: The first stage of license plate detection In order to extract the license plate location in the image. The second phase license plate calibration is to deal with the moving license plate has not fixed tilt angle, as well as different location size and other issues. The third stage of character recognition is to extract the license plate characters, and the characters accurately identified. In order to achieve high accuracy and stability of the system, Euresys Open eVision, a computer vision library for industrial applications, was introduced to realize system functions. At present, the accuracy of system identification reaches above 95.5% with an average identification time of 47.62 ms, which achieves the purpose of identifying motorcycle license plates in progress.
30
James, Stephen. "Design and lateral dynamics of trailers towed by motorcycles." 2002. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/79277.
31
Li, Jian Huei, and 黎鑑輝. "An Empirical Study on Motorcycles Sales Forecasting." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10213855277681050698.
Анотація:
碩士長庚大學
企業管理研究所
95
英文摘要 " KYMCO " , " SYM " and " PGO " which not only own independent R&D but also sell products to markets throughout the world are few brands with international well-knownness. The existing vehicle industry researches focus more on automobile than motorcycle. Besides, the relevant researches of the motorcycle emphasized more on traffic management and control than markets sales volume, which the industry really cares.¬ In recent years, the development of substitute transportation and the saturation of vehicle market have made the motorcycle sales no longer continuous growth but undulation. This study which adopts Trend Forecast Method, ARIMA Method and Grey Prediction Method and applies A.D. 1989~2006 motorcycle sales data targeting at motorcycle industry probes how the different complexity prediction methods and quantity data influence the forecasting accuracy. The results of the researches showed: Different length of data and different prediction methods obviously influence the results of forecasting, but none of them has absolute advantages in different period of prediction or length of data. Prediction methods with excellent in-sample MAPE do not mean they have good out-sample prediction. How to choose the best method still needs the synthetical judgement of the researcher. The outcomes of complicated methods do not lead you to more accurate predictions. However, thorough estimation and verification do relatively stabilize the prediction results.
32
鄭楹橋. "Development of Chassis Dynamometer for Electric Motorcycles." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60607309433733298666.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
89
The objective of this thesis is to design and implement a chassis dynamometer for electric motorcycles. By using a load simulation system, which is constituted by a servo-motor and two rollers, the dynamometer can simulate the driving-resistance while electric motorcycle is driving. So the testing of electric-motorcycle on the platform is similar to that on the road. In order to simulate the driving-resistance accurately, the dynamic model of electric motorcycle is analyzed. A LabVIEW-based data acquisition system is built to measure the mechanical parameters of electric-motorcycle and to record driving-patterns of electric-motorcycle on the road. For automatic testing, the driving-patterns recorded by LabVIEW are transferred into the driving-scheduling to generate velocity command for the testing on the platform. To verify the testing results obtained from the dynamometer and the road tests, the output currents of the electric-motorcycle’s battery are compared. The experimental results show that the dynamometer can simulate different conditions of the road and conduct automatic testing process.
33
徐瑋鴻. "A Driver Safety Assistance System for Motorcycles." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49514078301391467011.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
資訊工程學系
101
The main objective of this thesis is to develop a driver safety assistance system for motorcycles. In Taiwan, the number of casualties of motorcycle accidents did not decrease recently. According to car accident statistics, distracting driving and tailgating caused about 30 percent of motorcycle accidents. The proposed driver safety assistance system for motorcycles is used to detect the safety distance between the owner’s vehicle and obstacle ahead, and gives the driver a warning signal if necessary. In this study, a smartphone is used as a research tool, while modern smartphones are sophisticated computing platforms with complex sensors. The phone camera can capture and record videos; the orientation sensor is used to obtain the pitch and roll angles, and GPS can help to get the precise coordinates of the motorcycles. The study can be divided into two parts. Firstly, the transformation matrices of different camera angles are calculated and stored in a transformation matrix database. The transformation matrix database is constructed automatically. All the information the system needs includes input images, pitch angles, and roll angles. The system obtains the transformation matrix by solving the simultaneous equations about the corner information detected from the input image. Secondly, a kernel system is developed, including the following stages: turn each image into a top view, detect the distance between the owner’s vehicle and obstacle, and calculate the safe distance. The system can create the top view images using a suitable transformation matrix in the database. Moreover, the system can detect the obstacles in the top view images. Then the distance between owner’s vehicle and obstacles can be calculated. At the same time, the GPS embedded in the smartphone can help to obtain the speed of the vehicles to calculate the safe distance. Finally, the system will give the driver suitable warning signal after comparing two distances. The experimental results show that the proposed real-time system is robust and efficient. Moreover, the system can work very well not only on motorcycles but also on cars.
34
Hung, Cheun-Sheng, and 洪春生. "Development and Innovation Model of Taiwan Motorcycles." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36413605114716831612.
Анотація:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
機械與自動化工程所
91
This paper is to examine the track of motorcycle development in Taiwan and its technological innovation model by using secondary data and motorcycle related patents. Throughout the phases of import, SKD/CKD assembly, licensing, and technology transfer, Taiwan motorcycle industry has stepped into the stages of OBM, export, R&D independence, overseas investment, and development of global market. Taiwan manufacturers have played a significant role in this sector of world market in terms of technology and quality. The environment of this industrial sector in Taiwan is characterized by oligopoly, corporate synergy, as well as high-added value. In spite of second to Japan in terms of the competitiveness of production and quality for the motorcycles of 150cc (piston displacement volume) and below, Taiwan has established its kingdom in the global motorcycle market. This technological innovation models can be traced and authenticated from the 2,982 patents found in Asia Pacific Intellectual Property Association (AIPA), ended Sep. 2002. There are three categories in the motorcycle patents: inventions, new series, and new models. This paper is to delve into the former two categories of patents based on the criteria of local innovators and date of announcement from Jan. 1997 to Sep. 2002. Among the above 2,982 patents, the statistics of this paper demonstrates that there are totally 144 patent cases suitable for the criteria with the following details-- engine (patents): 6 cases in inventions, 59 cases in new series; chassis: 2 cases in inventions, 45 cases in new series; drive line: 1 case in inventions, 15 cases in new series; and electric scooter: 2 cases in inventions, 14 cases in new series. The statistics also indicates that 48 patentees are from individuals; 34 patentees, from Kwang Yang Motor Co., Ltd.; 29, motorcycle-part related factories; 20, Sangyang Industry Co., Ltd; 10, Industrial Technology Research Institute; 1 from Taiwan Yamaha and 1 from Shang Wei Company. In accordance with the innovation theory of Alan West [1-4], the technological innovation of domestic motocycles can be classified into the categories of performance extending innovation, reformulation innovation,design innovation and sector creating innovation. This research finds out that most of the patents have, albeit its number is solid, not become commercialized. The issue of this gap deserves to our further reconsideration. It is therefore extremely critical to create an effective mechanism to overcome this issue. Other major concerns encompass the following issues: the expansion of export business after the local market saturation, the legislation of the fourth-phase air exhaust act, government’s promotional policy for innovation after the entrance of WTO, and accelerating development of foreign-aided pivot technology. The pivot technology includes such items as carburetors (which have not yet reached its economy of scale), environmental high-performance engines, conveyor belt of continuously variable transmission (CVT), anti-lock braking system, high-performance batteries of electric scooters, power devices of motor controller, hybrid power motorcycles, and so forth.
35
Chien-ChihHuang and 黃建智. "The User Preferences for New Energy Motorcycles." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50390555891285770403.
Анотація:
碩士國立成功大學
都市計劃學系
103
This study aims to investigate users’ preferences for new energy motorcycles for the purpose of estimating the future development of this mode of transportation and its impacts on urban land use. The preferences for using motorcycles based on current experiences were surveyed using a questionnaire to develop a multinomial logit model for describing the choice behaviour among conventional motorcycles and new energy motorcycles. New energy motorcycle here refers to electric motorcycles and hydrogen fuel-cell motorcycles. The data from a total of 372 returned questionnaires from Taiwan were analysed. The results showed that respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics were insignificant with regard to choice behaviour and that these consumers were sensitive to financial attributes such as incentives and vehicle prices. In addition, vehicle performance, such as hill climbing ability, driving range and refuelling time, were found to be significant to the motorcycle type choice. The multinomial logit model developed is able to reveal the critical factors to apply in policy making. The trade-offs of vehicle price and incentives of new energy motorcycles and conventional motorcycles were also learned. The results should be of great help to new energy motorcycle developers and the urban policymakers.
36
Liu, Pin-Chun, and 劉品均. "Lane Discipline of Motorcycles in Urban Arterials." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27155073113921702038.
Анотація:
碩士國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
104
The holding rate of motorcycles in Taiwan is the highest in the world. As the amount of motorcycles traveling on the road, the behavior of motorcycles are extremely different from cars. On the roads, cars should comply with the lane discipline to drive in the middle of the lane. Since the size of motorcycle is smaller than car, motorcyclist can choose any position to drive. On the other hand, the driving behaviors of motorcycles are not limited in lane discipline. However, the traffic simulation software developed by European and American countries is mainly based on the driving behaviors of cars. The simulated results are unable to present the non-lane-based movement of motorcycles in Taiwan. The aim of this study is to understand the lane discipline of motorcycles in mixed traffic by empirical analysis, and develop a selection models of lateral position of motorcycles. Besides, we integrate the model into a traffic simulation software to enhance the accuracy of the simulated results, and use simulation software to compare the effect of setting motorcycle prohibited lane. The earlier researches of microscopic traffic flow were usually limited in data collection. In this study, we collected traffic data using aerial videography by a multicopter, which could be used to record the video of the traffic on the road. The survey locations include different numbers of lanes and density. Then, we used the trajectory extractor software to collect the trajectories of vehicles, and built up the database for analysis. By real data, we observed that drivers of cars usually drove in the middle of lane. However, the distribution of lateral position of motorcycles on the road was across the road, and presented a triangular distribution. Therefore, this study aimed the lateral position of motorcycles on the starting position of road to analysis, and calibrated the model in different numbers of lanes and density. The variables of model were calibrated by regression analysis, and we used RMSE, MAPE, and R^2 to determine the performance of model. Furthermore, this study explore the flexibility in modeling lateral shifts in two kinds of microscopic traffic simulation software, VISSIM and BikeSim, and comparing the differences between the simulated results and real data. Besides, we integrated the model of lateral position of motorcycles into BikeSim, and the simulation results confirm that the accuracy would increase. Moreover, we use BikeSim to compare the effects of setting motorcycle prohibited lane, and the results show that there are no significant effects on cars, but the speed of motorcycle driving on the inner lane would increase.
37
Yu, Yi-Hsien, and 余奕賢. "Thermal Deactivation of Catalyst Converters on Motorcycles." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26490801671488052030.
Анотація:
碩士臺灣大學
環境工程學研究所
95
Motorcycles constitute important parts of air pollution emission in Taiwan. However, only limited studies were focused on the deactivation mechanisms of three-way catalyst converters used in motorcycles. Furthermore, the performance of deactivated catalyst converters on motorcycles has not been extensively studied. In this study, thermal aging of the catalyst is simulated in laboratory scale. Based on results of several surface characterization techniques, the effects of aging test exhaust, temperature, and time were examined. Thermal deactivation mechanism is a combination of several aging phenomena, including sintering of active phase, the collapse in surface area and the thermal deactivation of solid phase. According to the measurement results of specific surface area, XRPD, SEM-EDS, the main mechanism of thermal deactivation is deduced as the collapse in surface area. For all thermal aging operating modes studied, the temperature increase reduced the specific surface area and increased the pore size. For all thermal aging operating modes studied, light-off curves of aged catalysts were different. The activity test results of 5 hours aged catalysts were differ from others. The results of activity test of during stochiometric and oxidative aging were similar, and the activity indicator, T75 of during reductive aging catalysts, was lower than the others. The aging temperature and composition of test exhaust are more effective than aging time. The constructed model has good performance on predictions within the thermal aging operating range studied.
38
Chou, Ming-Chuan, and 周明泉. "Power Generation Using Vibration Energy for Motorcycles." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03806987162327079630.
Анотація:
碩士國立交通大學
機械工程研究所
85
This study aims to exploit feasibility of transforming vibration energy generated from riding into battery energy for electric motorcycles. A pendulum is attached to the rear wheel axle of the electric motorcycle. When the pendulum rotates due to riding vertical vibration resulting from the groud, the electrical power is generated by the rotor rotation of a coil, and charged back into a battery via an voltage-elevation circuit. For computer simulation, equations of motion of the pendulum are derived using the Newton-Euler equation, and verified by the Lagrange equation. Taking into account the rotor in the coil determines the equivalent. moment of inertia, which is substituted into the equation of motion of the pendulum under loading conditions. In computer simulation, the pendulum mass, radius, and vibration amplitude are varied to observe the pendulum angular velocity. In indoor experiments the energy generation apparatus consists of a pendulum, a coil, and a linear motor that emulates vertical vibration of the rear wheel axle when traversing over ground. The pendulum motion is observed. The generated voltage and current is measured using a multimeter and spectrum analyzer for the efficiency of power retrieval. Calculation results show that a larger mass or smaller vibration displacement yields higher retrieval effciency. Finally the above energy-generation apparatus is installed on the rear wheel axle of an electric motorcycle for outdoor road rest. It is desired to apply usable vibration energy to lengthen the mileage of electric motorcycles.
39
Pin-Chen, Chen, and 陳品蓁. "Application Design of Pulley for Electric Motorcycles." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59552913899414772821.
Анотація:
碩士國立聯合大學
電機工程學系碩士班
100
This thesis aims at designing a Pulley plate motor that is co-constructed with the continuously variable transmission (CVT) system of motorcycle. The centrifugal force from the steel balls in the Pulley plate forces the rotor to move outwards, decreasing the overlapping area between rotor’s magnets and the stator and increasing the rotor’s speed. The speed of Pulley plate motor now can be controlled not only by the input current but also by the displacement of the rotor. Furthermore, with the help of CVT, the speed and torque of the presented Pulley plate motor becomes more adaptive to the load than those of the other commercial motors of electric motorcycles. In this thesis, the relationships of speed vs. current and rotor displacement vs. speed were tested and analyzed first under the condition that the CVT rear plate is not mounted on the Pulley plate motor. More tests were conducted and analyzed after the CVT rear plate was mounted on the Pulley plate motor: speeds of front and rear ends vs. current and rotor displacement vs. current. Different external mechanical torques were also applied to the CVT rear end of the presented Pulley plate motor to measure the relationships of CVT front-end/rear-end speeds vs. current. According to the test results, the presented Pulley plate motor is able to have rotor displacement without using any electrical control method, just with the mechanical centrifugal force from the steel balls in the Pulley plate motor. Co-constructed with CVT, this Pulley plate motor not only has the ability of continuously variable transmission, but also can adaptively provide different torques for different external loadings.
40
LIN, TAI-CHENG, and 林泰丞. "Universal Blind Spot Assist System for Motorcycles." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pxnpf7.
Анотація:
碩士國立中正大學
雲端計算與物聯網數位學習碩士在職專班
106
Since Taiwan is a small and densely populated island, people generally prefer to ride motorcycle or scooter as a convenient means of transportation. There are almost 14 million motorcycles and scooters in Taiwan and the amount is 1.7 times more than that of cars. While many Advanced Driver Assistance Systems are available in the local car market, only few are provided in the motorcycle market. In this Thesis, we propose the design of a Blind Spot Assist System to accurately detect an object or obstacle in the blind spot area of a motorcycle and warn the rider. This system design is implemented using a Laser Range Sensor, a Bluetooth module, and Arduino microcontroller board. The sensor is used to detect objects, an Android APP notifies how far the detected object is, and the Bluetooth headset in the rider’s helmet sounds an alarm to warn the rider. The monophonic sound alarm highlights the location of the object in the blind spot area. This system design is very economical and can thus be used on both motorcycles and scooters to ensure safety at a low price.
41
"'n Strategie vir die bemarking van motorfietse aan die Suid-Afrikaanse mark vir Swartes, met verwysing na die rol van die bemarkingsresep." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12078.
Анотація:
M.Com. (Economics)The South-African motor-cycle industry has experienced a constant decline in sales since 1981, that is, a drop from 84 000 units sold during 1981 to an expected sales figure of 24 000 units for 1985. This decline in sales poses a threat to the profitability and 'survival of the motor-cycle industry in South-Africa. Up to this point in time the marketing efforts of the motor-cycle industry were mainly directed towards the White consumer market. In order to bring about an upturn in motor-cycle sales, this study looked into the feasibility of a marketing effort, by the motor-cycle industry, aimed at the Black consumer market. The execution of such a feasibility study necessitated the gathering of information relating to the views and preferences of Blacks with regard to motor-cycles. Information was collected by distributing questionnaires to a random sample of Blacks in region nineteen according to the Standard code list for statistical main regions and regions, magisterial districts, cities, towns and non-urban areas. The potential of the Black market has been disregarded by the motor-cycle industry because of the belief that Blacks are apposed to motor-cycles as a result of their cultural traditions.
42
Tu, Yu-Jui, and 杜育瑞. "Electronically-Controlled Continuously Variable Transmission Systems for Motorcycles." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x9htrv.
Анотація:
碩士崑山科技大學
機械工程研究所
91
The V-belt Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) systems are widely used in almost all kinds of scooters. The major mechanism of the traditional CVT is composed of centrifugal rollers, the compression spring and the torque cam. They are used to adjust the speed ratios for complying with the engine speed and the rear wheel load. In addition to the low transmission efficiency at the lower speed, the centrifugal rollers and movable flange have the worn-up problems which may reduce the materials life-cycle. In order to improve these problems, the aim of our study is to design a brand new Electronically-Controlled Continuously Variable Transmission (ECCVT) system to overcome the limitation of the traditional CVT mechanism. In stead of the centrifugal rollers and movable flange, the new ECCVT use the electronic control equipment to change the speed ratios. Therefore, it gets rid of the material worn-up problems. The ECCVT system can also provide the overall system with higher durability and reliability, and the accurate movement. Combined with the sensor signals of the engine speed, the vehicle speed and the TPS (Throttle Position Sensor), the suitable speed ratio can be calculated. One ECCVT system can be used for different types of engines and in different kinds of driving conditions. By controlling the shift timing and the changing speed of speed ratios, the ECCVT can fulfill the various engine configurations and loading. Therefore, the ECCVT system can be expected to have better power transmission and higher energy transferred efficiencies. At the present stage, the design and experiment test of the new ECCVT system have been accomplished, the experiment results show that the ECCVT system can provide a better transmission efficiency at the lower speeds and the worn-up problems can be avoided. When the external load is changed from 1.16 N-m to 5.8 N-m, the transmission efficiency increases from 45% to 80% obviously. But the increasing tendency is becoming smoothly when the load is above 3.48 N-m. Based on the dynamic test data, the average transmission efficiency of the ECCVT system is 5% higher than that of the traditional CVT system. But, if the speed changed of speed ratio is too fast, the transmission efficiency will drop obviously while the speed ratio starts to change and latter-on the transmission efficiency will increase with the increasing speed ratios.
43
Maa, Ta-ho, and 馬大和. "Design of Automatic Torque Adjustment for Electric Motorcycles." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92531356283011722333.
Анотація:
碩士逢甲大學
資訊電機工程碩士在職專班
94
How to conquer the problem of shortage of automatic torque adjustment for electric motorcycles is the main purpose of this thesis. The structure of the electric motorcycle is explored in the first step. The single-quadrant chopper circuit and full-bridge dc-to-dc converter are applied to it for improving the performance through simulation and actual implement circuit. Based on the single-quadrant chopper circuit and differential amplifier, the step changed torque adjustment is constructed. With the help of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Human Machine Interface (HMI), and stepper motor, the stepless changed torque adjustment is achieved. Finally, the actual electric motorcycle with the proposed circuit is tested for different slop of the road to verify the result.
44
Liu, Zong-Chi, and 劉宗棋. "Model Analysis and Controller Design of Electric Motorcycles." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80615652909533285415.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
88
In this thesis, a thorough dynamic model for the electric motorcycle is presented here. After that, the slip ratio controller is designed using sliding mode control technique to generate torque command for slip ratio tracking, then a slip ratio reference from road condition estimator is built using adaptive identification. Moreover, the velocity controller is designed to track the driver’s velocity demand using feedback linearization technique. The energy management system is to regulate the abnormal driving actions for energy saving. After proving the individual of separated subsystems, the overall stability analysis is also performed. Also, the computer simulations and experiments are done due to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our integrated system design.
45
Lin, Wei-Zhi, and 林韋志. "spread behavior of motorcycles in the building arcade." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11231905108267910696.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
87
Spread behavior of motorcycles in the building arcade Thesis Advisor : Ching-Yung Lin Graduate Student : Wei-Zhi Lin ABSTRACT This study discusses the fire spread behavior of the motorcycles in the arcade ,using full-scale arcade,to compare spread behavior of the motorcycles placed in the arcade fixed with combustible ceiling or not and the single span arcade or three spans. By analyzing the study results shows that the combustible ceiling fixed up to the arcade have a huge influence of fire spread of motorcycles during the process of fire growth and it makes frame spread towards two sides of arcade much easier. In the results of one span and three spans fixed arcade conducted us to understand the fire spread behavior of one span arcade is similar to the three spans arcade and both of their speed change trend is very closed. Using the results of motorcycles in the single span arcade to estimate the fire spread speed of the continuous arcade is approached to the results of experiment.
46
Zeng-YangLin and 林政陽. "Emission factors and their deterioration rate of motorcycles." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46311524931521520114.
Анотація:
碩士國立成功大學
環境工程學系碩博士班
98
The purpose of this research is to measure the emission factor of motorcycle. This experiment was processing in the Ming-Zu tunnel. The sampling pollutants are PM2.5, PM10, NH3, HONO, NOx, CO, SO2 and carbonyls, and this study also measured the particle size distribution. In order to get the motorcycles’ information, like vehicle type and vehicle ages, this experiment used plate survey in the sampling period. This data would be taken into the MOBILE6.2 model, and then we compared the emission factor computing by the model and tunnel study. This study calculated the emission factor of motor in each year by multi-regression, and then we can use the VKT data to compute the deterioration rate of motor emission. HONO artifact will be formed by reducing agent, this research assumed that HONO artifact mainly attributed to the NO2 pollutant because of the higher NO2 concentration in the tunnel. And after processing an experiment of NO2 sampling, we find out the result that is an quadratic equation: Y=－0.0001×X2＋0.1441×X , which Y is represent for the HONO artifact（ug/m3）, and X is represent for the NO2 concentration（ppbv）. This study used this formula to correction the HONO concentration which was sampling in the tunnel. The experimental emission factor of motorcycles in this research are, NOx : 0.04±0.03 g/km, CO : 4.03±3.31 g/km, PM2.5 : 28.9±11.3 mg/km, PM10 : 48.3±11.6 mg/km, NH3 : 3.5±3.3 mg/km, HONO : 7.54±3.56 mg/km, Formaldehyde : 20.6±9.6 mg/km, Acetaldehyde : 2.74±1.64 mg/km, Acetone : 2.63±1.78 mg/km, Propionaldehyde : 1.21±0.49 mg/km, Crotonaldehyde : 8.42±4.97 mg/km, Butyraldehyde : 1.07±0.59 mg/km, Benzaldehyde : 0.43±0.27 mg/km。The deterioration rate of NOx and CO calculating by multi-regression is 0.0137 and 0.3806 g/km-10000km, respectively. Emission factor computed by MOBILE6.2 and tunnel study have some differences except for CO. The conclusion of this one is there must be a lot of corrections for MOBILE6.2 model if we want to simulate the motor emission factor in Taiwan.
47
Hsu, De-Wei, and 許得衛. "An Integrated Management System Design of Electric Motorcycles." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90820211708762437544.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
91
In view of the need for effective usage of the battery energy of the Electric Motorcycle (EM), we propose an integrated management system which not only accomplishes the objective of robust velocity tracking but also efficiently utilizes the stored energy of the battery. This powerful management system can be divided into three major subsystems, including the power-saving controller, energy supervisor, and protection subsystem. We apply the concept of intelligent decision such that the redundant energy loss can be avoided. In other words, with this integrated management system, we can perform the robust velocity tracking control with highly efficient energy exploitation, residual capacity estimation, regenerative braking, and hardware protections. As one can see, all of these design concepts are focused on the energy management of the EM. Furthermore, excessive simulations and some experimental results will be given to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of this system. In this thesis, we establish a reusable TI DSP F240 based experimental platform to implement the robust velocity tracking control, a subsystem of the proposed integrated system. Although the robust velocity tracking is not the overall functionality of the proposed integrated system, the experimental platform, which we establish here, is indeed a fundamental and reusable platform for the next-stage development.
48
Lin, Zhi-wei, and 林志偉. "Ni-MH Battery Charger for Hybrid Electric Motorcycles." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36657891099108130942.
Анотація:
碩士國立中正大學
電機工程所
95
This thesis proposes a Ni-MH battery charger for hybrid electric motorcycles. First of all a battery charger for Ni-MH is implemented for the hybrid electric mo-torcycles. The charger will generate either a constant current or a pulsating one to charge the Ni-MH battery set. Then the effectiveness of different charging strate-gies by using different charging current patents are verified by experimental results. Finally, experimental results are used to verify the effectiveness of different Ni-MH battery charging strategies and a better one can be recognized.
49
O, Chiang Shu, and 江淑娥. "Pisk-taking behaviors of driving motorcycles among adolescents." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01806817546813204613.
50
Ching, Chen Jiunn, and 陳俊清. "Fire Behavior of Motorcycles in the Building Arcade." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14161005479774202698.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程技術學系
86
This experiment study discusses the fire behavior of motorcycles in the building arcade. Series full-scale fire tests are conducted under a non-finished building arcade condition. The height of flame is measured and compared with the value, which is estimated from the HRR. Heat flux and temperature profiles are also measured to understand the heating mechanism of building arcade. It is found that maximum flame height of the motorcycles fire in all tests exceed 5 m. The exposure fire will spread to 2nd floor through the opening of facade, because both of radiation and temperature exceed the critical limit of ignition. It further shows that when the motorcycle fire happens in front of the arcade, the building facade has more serious damage. And the motorcycles fire in the arcade makes surrounding of it floor more dangerous. An attempt is also made in predicting the flame height from the heat release rate of motorcycle. The results predicted by using Delichatsions equation show a good agreement with the observation.