Статті в журналах: "Motor wheel"

1

Zheng, Jin Jun, Chuan Xue Song, and Jian Hua Li. "The Control Strategy of Yaw Moment for Rear Electric Motor Drive Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 740 (March 2015): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.740.175.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

With the maturing of in-wheel motor technology, Control on vehicle longitudinal and lateral stability have a rapid development, vehicle with in-wheel motor have also made considerable progress. The paper conducts a study on control strategy of electric vehicle with two in-wheel motors mounted on rear wheels. Yaw moment adopt target following algorithm based on two degrees of model of monorail and study the allocation of torque on two driving wheels. The study indicates that ESP control strategy in which yaw moment of left and right wheel is different and the way of allocating torque based on utilization adhesion can improve vehicle handling ability.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

2

Fu, Xiang, Yong He, and Di Xu. "Research of Electric Differential Control for Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 310 (February 2013): 540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.310.540.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The Electric Differential Control for Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle is discussed. And then the self-regulation method to realize the electric differential by controlling the torque of the motor and freeing the speed of the wheels has been proposed. Firstly, tire-road dynamics modeling has been established, Control system of Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle has been designed. Secondly, simulation platform of Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle has been established. Lastly, simulation for electric differential control of Motor-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle has been validated. The simulation results show that the self-regulation method by controlling the torque of the motor and freeing the speed of the wheels is effective. Each wheel speed and the corresponding wheel speed automatically keep coordination; it can realize the self-regulation differential, no wheel slipping or sliding phenomenon.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

3

Zhu, Chuan Qi, Sen Wu, and Yun Zhen Yang. "Research on Electronic Differential Speed Control for In-Wheel Motor Drive Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.337.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The paper studies control strategy of electronic differential for four in-wheel motors independent drive vehicle. For the in-wheel motor independent drive electric vehicle, the differential speed relationship among the two wheels is analyzed according to the Ackermann&Jeantand steering mode, building the steering differential speed mode which adapt to bench test. When a vehicle drives on a straight line, the speed of each drive wheel is equal. While on a curve, the speed between the inner wheel and the outer one must be different in order to maintain vehicle stability and avoid vehicle skid. The all wheels must meet the requirement of angular speed. Based on Matlab/Simulink software , As a input, vehicle structure parameter, steering angular and so on, this model of differential speed was structured, drive wheel differential speed relationship at different steering wheel angles was determined .Finally, this electronic differential speed control for in-wheel motor drive electric vehicle is validated through PID control closed loops bench simulation test .

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

4

Zulkifli, Saiful A., Syaifuddin Mohd, Nordin B. Saad, and A. Rashid A. Aziz. "Impact of Motor Size & Efficiency on Acceleration, Fuel Consumption & Emissions of Split-Axle Through-the-Road Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.498.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A split-axle parallel hybrid drive-train with in-wheel motors allows for existing combustion-engine-driven vehicles to be converted into a hybrid vehicle with minor mechanical modification, resulting in a retrofit-conversion hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). This is achieved by placing electric motors in the hub of the otherwise non-driven wheels. Due to the wheel hub’s size constraint, the allowable size and power of the electric in-wheel motor that can be installed is severely restricted to less than 10 kW per wheel, which raises the concern of lack of improved performance compared to the original vehicle. This work analyzes the influence of motor sizing and efficiency on acceleration performance, fuel consumption and emission levels of three different converted hybrid vehicles, through simulation. Results provide insight into sensitivity of different-sized vehicles with varying-size engines, to the size and efficiency of the retrofitted electric motor.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

5

Fauzi, Ahmat, W. T. Handoyo, A. R. Hakim, and F. Hidayat. "Performance and Energy Consumption of Paddle Wheel Aerator Driven by Brushless DC Motor and AC Motor: A Preliminary Study." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 934, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/934/1/012010.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Energy demand for paddle wheel aerator in a shrimp pond is high and brings to second highest cost of operational behind feed supply. Most of wheel aerators are driven by electric motors than diesel engines as their easy operations. The electric motors need high electrical energy to drive wheel aerators along day and night. The common type of motor used is Alternating Current (AC) or induction motor, however Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor has potential electrical energy saving which need to be explored. This study objectives to find out performance of BLDC and AC motor as paddle wheel aerator driver. The motor’s performances were compared in term of operation of paddle wheel at various static loads. Both motor also challenged by On/Off running every 5 minutes, the treatment goal was to determine their reliability. Parameters observed included consumption of power, wheel rotary, torque, and efficiency, motor temperature as well. Results showed energy consumption of BLDC motor 51% lower than AC motor, and BLDC motor attained 89.99% of maximum efficiency while AC motor efficiency had 73.16%, however rotary wheel and torque both of them were similar. The On/Off treatment caused rising temperature of AC motor but did not affect the temperature of BLDC motor. Therefore, applied BLDC motor as paddle wheel aerator driver could be alternative way to reduce energy consumption without reducing its performance.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

6

SU, Jian-qiang. "Anti-slip control research for the electric vehicle of in-wheel motor drive." E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185301017.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In-wheel motor drives electric vehicles are becoming more and more widely used due to their unique advantages. This paper addresses the problem of in-wheel motor drive electric vehicle wheels slipping on low-attached roads. An active disturbance rejection controller is designed to control the inwheel motor torque and prevent the wheel slipping. The co-simulation is carried out between the adams and Matlab, and the results of simulation demonstrated that the controller which can prevent the wheel slipping effectively was perfect. The most important is that the controller can be implemented easily.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

7

Truong, Le Phuong, Huan Liang Tsai Liang Tsai, and Huynh Cao Tuan. "DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECTIONAL ALGORITHM FOR THREE-WHEEL OMNIDIRECTIONAL AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOT." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 59, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/59/3/15583.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A The proposed system developed an omnidirectional algorithm to control autonomous mobile robots with three wheels. The implementation system consists of three Planet DC motors with rated power of 80 W for three wheels, three encoders for speed feedback, one encoder for distance feedback, and one digital compass sensor for angle feedback. The main system with an STM32F407 microcontroller is designed for directional control of wheels based the signal received from compass sensor and encoder and then controls three subsystems to adjust the steering speed of each wheel. The sub-system is built to control only one DC motor for each wheel with the built-in proportional integral derivative controller (PID) algorithm by an STM32F103 microcontroller. Furthermore, the directional control algorithm is developed for three omnidirectional wheels and a PID algorithm is designed to control the speed of DC motor for each wheel. From the results the proposed system has the advantages: (1) to auto adjust the angle and position; (2) to erase the sensor for tracking line of the automobile robot; (3) cost-effectiveness and high accuracy

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

8

Karabacak, Yusuf, and Ali Uysal. "An Embedded Controller Application with Regenerative Braking for the Electric Vehicle." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 26, no. 1 (February 16, 2020): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.26.1.25306.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Regenerative braking is very important for increasing the total range of an electric vehicle. In this study, an embedded controller, including regenerative braking, is designed and implemented for an electric vehicle. Experimental studies are carried out on an electric vehicle driven by two in-wheel electric motors. In-wheel electric motors are preferred in light electric vehicles, since they are both highly efficient and supports regenerative braking. In our embedded controller application, the in-wheel electric motor is operated in both the motor mode and the regenerative braking mode. The in-wheel electric motor control embedded software is developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The developed software is embedded in the DSP STM32F407 microcontroller, which has ARM Cortex-M4 core. The in-wheel electric motor is controlled by a fuzzy logic controller in the motor mode, the in-wheel electric motor - in the regenerative braking mode. Different PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) ratios are applied to the wheel electric motor in the regenerative braking mode. The experimental data are recorded in real-time by transferring to a PC on the electric vehicle. The performance of the study is proven with experimental tests.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

9

Bozic, Milos, Sanja Antic, Vojislav Vujicic, Miroslav Bjekic, and Goran Djordjevic. "Electronic gearing of two DC motor shafts for Wheg type mobile robot." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 31, no. 1 (2018): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1801075b.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper describes the implementation of electronic gearing of two DC motor shafts. DC motors are drives for a mobile robot with wheels in the form of wheel - leg (Wheg) configuration. A single wheel consists of two Whegs (dWheg). The first DC motor drives one Wheg, while the second one drives another independent Wheg. One motor serves as the master drive motor, while the other represents the slave drive motor. As the motors are independent, it is necessary to synchronize the speed and adjust the angle between shafts. The main contribution of this paper is the implementation of control structure that enables the slave to follow the master drive, without mechanical coupling. Based on encoder measurements, the slave effectively follows the master drive for the given references of speed and angle. Speed and positioning loops are implemented on real time controller - sbRIO. The laboratory setup was created and comparison of realized and required angles and speeds was made.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

10

Yang, Jie, and Hai Ning Jiao. "Design and Research of Disc PMSM for Electric Wheel." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 7447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.7447.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper studies on how to design a new kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the need of electric wheel. We broaden the limits from the power density and moment of inertia, and focus on security, speed control range, start torque, overload capacity and so on. By linking mechanism, the motor is connected to wheels and drive them directly. The motor and the wheel hub also remain relatively independent. So the motor inherits the advantage of electric wheel and broadens the limits from dimension at the same time.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

11

Biček, Matej, Raphaël Connes, Senad Omerović, Aydin Gündüz, Robert Kunc, and Samo Zupan. "The Bearing Stiffness Effect on In-Wheel Motors." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 4070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104070.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In-wheel motors offer a promising solution for novel drivetrain architectures of future electric vehicles that could penetrate into the automotive industry by transferring the drive directly inside the wheels. The available literature mainly deals with the optimization of electromagnetically active parts; however, the mechanical design of electromagnetically passive parts that indirectly influence motor performance also require detailed analysis and extensive validation. To meet the optimal performance of an in-wheel motor, the mechanical design requires optimization of housing elements, thermal management, mechanical tolerancing and hub bearing selection. All of the mentioned factors have an indirect influence on the electromagnetic performance of the IWM and sustainability; therefore, the following paper identifies the hub bearing as a critical component for the in-wheel motor application. Acting loads are reviewed and their effect on component deformation is studied via analytically and numerically determined stiffness as well as later validated by measurements on the component and assembly level to ensure deformation envelope and functionality within a wide range of operations.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

12

Biček, M., R. Kunc, and S. Zupan. "Mechanical Impact on In-Wheel Motor's Performance." Journal of Mechanics 33, no. 5 (November 9, 2016): 607–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2016.95.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractIn-wheel motors offer a promising solution for novel drivetrain architectures that could penetrate into the automotive industry by locating the drive where it is required, directly inside the wheels. As obtainable literature mainly deals with optimization of electromagnetic active parts, the mechanical design of electromagnetically passive parts that indirectly influence motor performance should also be reviewed and characterized for its effect on performance. The following study uniquely evaluates the impact of mechanical design and its dimensional variations to air-gap consistency between on rotor glued magnets and on stator fitted winding, for the most commonly used layout of an in-wheel motor. To meet the optimal performance of an in-wheel motor, the mechanical design requires optimization of housing elements, thermal management, geometrical and a dimensional tolerance check, and proper hub bearing selection to assure consistent electromagnetic properties. This article covers the correlation between desired electromagnetic parameters and required geometrical limitations for ensuring functionality and high performance operation. Major mechanical contributors have been analyzed with analytical calculations, numerical simulations, and verified with different sets of measurements. The relative change of motor physical air-gap size, between the stator and rotor was correlated with electromagnetic flux density.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

13

Eswara Kumar, A., M. Naga Raju, Navuri Karteek, and Daggupati Prakash. "Static and Dynamic Analysis of Motor Cycle Wheel Designs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.915.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The wheel of a vehicle plays a vital role to bear the load applies on it. Generally spokes acts as the supports between the wheel rim and hub. These spokes must have sufficient strength and stiffness to avoid the failure of the wheel. In present days these wheels are made up of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and steel. To reduce the weight of the wheel many wheel designs are implemented and applied for different vehicles. In this paper three different wheel designs are chosen, those are inclined spokes, curved spokes and Y shaped spokes made up of Al alloy, Mg alloy and Steel. Static structural analysis subjected to pressure on the wheel rim and free vibrational analyses are performed by using finite element analysis tool Ansys 12. The objective of the present work is to observe the best design which contains higher structural stiffness, specific structural stiffness with lower von mises stresses under static load conditions. It is observed that curve shaped spoke designs are better in for manufacturing of wheel in both static and dynamic point of view.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

14

Miroslaw, Tomasz, Jan Szlagowski, Adam Zawadzki, and Zbigniew Zebrowski. "Simulation model of an off-road four-wheel-driven electric vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 233, no. 9 (January 10, 2019): 1248–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651818822399.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Electric vehicle gives much more advantages than only less air polluting or less noisy mobility. The current technology enables engineers to better control the electric motor than internal combustion engine. Electronic components like transistors, which can be switched on and off almost anytime, help to control the motor current and indirectly the torque and the speed. The progress in power electronics and motor construction opens new possibilities in vehicle construction and control. The process of wheel rolling can be better controlled which is very important especially on deformed surface of a road. The movement resistance can be reduced by smart power distribution between front and rear wheels in 4 × 4 drive vehicles, where front wheels can compact the ground and rear wheels can move on the rigid road. To reach all the advantages, we need a better understanding of a processes occurring in electric vehicles’ systems, which consist of motors, gears, and wheels reacting with ground. Authors present the model of 4 × 4 drive vehicle focused on this last, but not least, problem—part of an electric vehicle model which is the wheel–ground cooperation. This subsystem decides about power flow from the motor to the wheel and about traction and movement efficiency. This problem is not new, but flexible driving manner going with electric drive makes these analyses more practical and can be used in off-road electric vehicles. The analyses were supported by model and simulation prepared with MATLAB/Simulink software. In conclusion, the comparison of various drive properties and possibilities is presented and recommendations for further development are suggested.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

15

Yildirim, M., M. C. Catalbas, A. Gulten, and H. Kurum. "Computation of the Speed of Four In-Wheel Motors of an Electric Vehicle Using a Radial Basis Neural Network." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 6 (December 18, 2016): 1288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.889.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper presents design and speed estimation for an Electric Vehicle (EV) with four in-wheel motors using Radial Basis Neural Network (RBNN). According to the steering angle and the speed of EV, the speeds of all wheels are calculated by equations derived from the Ackermann-Jeantand model using CoDeSys Software Package. The Electronic Differential System (EDS) is also simulated by Matlab/Simulink using the mathematical equations. RBNN is used for the estimation of the wheel speeds based on the steering angle and EV speed. Further, different levels of noise are added to the steering angle and the EV speed. The speeds of front wheels calculated by CoDeSys are sent to two Induction Motor (IM) drives via a Controller Area Network-Bus (CAN-Bus). These speed values are measured experimentally by a tachometer changing the steering angle and EV speed. RBNN results are verified by CoDeSys, Simulink, and experimental results. As a result, it is observed that RBNN is a good estimator for EDS of an EV with in-wheel motor due to its robustness to different levels of sensor noise.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

16

Zhong, Heng, Wei Zhao, and Yu Sun. "Co-Simulation Study of Synchronous Control Technology for Independent Electric Drive Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 1069–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.1069.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The slip-judgment method of threshold value was made for all-wheel independent electric drive vehicle through the analysis of the relationship of steering kinematics, which based on detecting speed and current of wheel-motor. The speed coordinated control of motor was used as synchronous control method. Models of vehicle dynamics and synchronous control were respectively constructed in Adams and Matlab/Simulink, which composed the model of mechanical-electric collaborative simulation. The synchronous control process of vehicle that running on bisectional road was analyzed, the result shows that synchronous control based on power control strategy reduces slip-wheel motors power consumption and increases other motors output power and torque through reducing the motor speed to average speed of normal wheel-motor. Improves the traction performance and stability of vehicle, also reduces the wheel wear and drivers control difficulty. The method has advantages of low cost, wide applicability, good controllability, high reliability etc., provide the reference of synchronization technology for independent electric drive military vehicle.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

17

Wada, Masayoshi. "Omnidirectional and Holonomic Mobile Platform with Four-Wheel-Drive Mechanism for Wheelchairs." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 19, no. 3 (June 20, 2007): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2007.p0264.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper presents a new type of omnidirectional and holonomic mobile platform with a four-wheel-drive (4WD) mechanism for improving traction of electric wheelchairs on slippery surfaces and enhancing mobility on rough terrain. The 4WD mechanism includes a pair of normal wheels on the back and a pair of omniwheels on the front. The normal wheel in back and the omniwheel in front, on the same side of the drive mechanism, are connected by a power transmission to rotate in unison with a common motor. Omniwheels enable the front of the mechanism to roll freely from side to side. A third motor turns the chair about a vertical axis at the center of the mobile platform. One goal of this project is to apply the 4WD mechanism to a holonomic omnidirectional mobile base for wheelchairs to enhance both maneuverability and mobility in single wheelchair design. The 4WD mechanism guarantees traction on irregular surfaces and enhances step climbing over that of standard wheelchairs because all wheels have a large diameter and no passive casters are used. For omnidirectional control of the 4WD mobile base, two wheel motors are coordinated to move the center of the chair in an arbitrary direction while chair orientation is controlled separately by the third motor. The three motors thus provide nonredundant 3DOF chair movement. A wheelchair with our proposed mobile base moves in all directions without changing chair orientation and turns in place, i.e., holonomic. The configuration minimizing number of motors cuts costs and ensures a high reliable mechanism. We analyze the kinematics of planar motion and statics on the wheel step of the synchronized 4WD, then discuss the development of omnidirectional 4WD control. A series of experiments using a small robotic vehicle verifies kinematic and static models and the feasibility of the 4WD omnidirectional system proposed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

18

Alexandru, Cătălin. "A mechanical integral steering system for increasing the stability and handling of motor vehicles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 8 (December 30, 2015): 1465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215624465.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article deals with the design, modeling, and simulation of an innovative four-wheel steering system for motor vehicles. The study is focused on the steering box of the rear wheels, which is a cam-based mechanism, while the front steering system uses a classical pinion—rack gearbox. In the proposed concept, the four-wheel steering aims to improve the vehicle stability and handling performances by considering the integral steering law, which is formulated in terms of correlation between the steering angles of the front and rear wheels. In this regard, a double-profiled cam is designed, in correlation with the input motion law applied to the steering wheel. The cam profile dictates (prescribes) the translational movement of the rear follower, which is connected to the left and right steering tierods, turning—as appropriate—the rear wheels in the same direction (for stability) or in opposite (for handling) to the front wheels. The cam-based mechanism is able to carry out complex motion laws, providing accurate integral steering law. The dynamic modeling and simulation of the four-wheel steering vehicle was performed by using the Multi-Body Systems package Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems of MSC.Software, the full-vehicle model containing also the front and rear wheels suspension systems, as well the vehicle chassis (car body). The dynamic simulations in virtual environment have resulted in important results that demonstrate the handling and stability performances of the proposed four-wheel steering system by reference to a classical two-wheel steering vehicle.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

19

Gao, Lian Xue, and Dian Sheng Sun. "Experimental Study of the Wheel Drive EV with External Rotor Switched Reluctance Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.472.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Equiped with an electronic differential function in double wheel or four wheel electric vehicle drive, it must be driven by motor torque control precisely . Due to the nonlinear characteristics of the motor when the wheels switched reluctance motor drive, it is difficult to ensure motor torque and phase current relationship by the theoretical approach. This paper puts forward the experimental methods to get the different speed motor torque and given the relationship between the current , so as to make table, according to the rotation of the motor speed and torque requirements, the accurate switched reluctance motor torque control through given the current value in the future of the electric vehicle.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

20

Sun, Qing, Shu Guang Zuo, Cong Gan Ma, Fan Hui Zhang, and Shu Meng. "Comprehensive Analysis of Wheel Drive Motor Torque Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1156.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Wheel drive motor torque ripple will cause noise and vibration, and affect vehicle ride comfort. The research status of electric vehicle wheel drive systems was described briefly. Based on the analysis and comparison of several electric vehicle motor, The causes of torque ripple in permanent magnet DC motors were summarized. Preventive measures of the torque ripple were proposed accordingly. Finally to be proposed were the new questions of the torque output characteristic of BLDC while used as the wheel drive motor in complex driving conditions.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

21

Gröninger, Michael, Felix Horch, Alexander Kock, and Hermann Pleteit. "Electric Wheel Hub Motor." ATZelektronik worldwide 7, no. 1 (February 2012): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s38314-012-0072-7.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

22

Karteek, Navuri, Kasi V. Rao Pothamsetty, K. Ravi Prakash Babu, and D. Mojeshwara Rao. "Structural Analysis of Motorcycle Alloy Wheel." E3S Web of Conferences 309 (2021): 01158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130901158.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Alloy wheels in the motor cycle play major role to carry the load over the spoke wheels. The shape and orientation of the spokes are responsible for withstand the loads which are acting on the alloy wheel rim and hub bearing surface. These alloy wheel spokes are subjected to different types of loads i.e., radial loads, impact load, bending load, torsion load and maximum deflection load. So it is necessary to study the response of the wheel under these types of loads before the product going into the market. In the present article 4 models of motor cycle alloy wheel are modeled based on the dimensions in the reference article. The material chosen for the analysis of the alloy wheel is aluminum alloy which is homogenous in nature having isotropic properties. The magnitude of the five different loading conditions and boundary conditions are taken from the Automotive Industry Standards (AIS). The four models of alloy wheels are analyzed under radial, impact, bending, torsion and maximum deflection loads cases by using by using ANSYS workbench. The results show that all four models are having enough fatigue life, strength and stiffness against the different loading conditions.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

23

Wu, Dongmei, Yang Li, Jianwei Zhang, and Changqing Du. "Torque distribution of a four in-wheel motors electric vehicle based on a PMSM system model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 13 (October 23, 2017): 1828–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017734769.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This study investigates a method for determining the torque distribution between front and rear in-wheel motors in an electric vehicle to improve energy efficiency. The method is based on an analytical model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) losses, which consist of the losses from electric motors and inverters. The loss model is used to analyze the optimal torque distribution ratio for minimum system losses. The analysis is conducted for two cases: the first is for identical motor parameter values of the front and rear wheels; the second is for different motor parameter values. For the first case, the results show that the even torque distribution between the front and rear wheels results in minimum system losses if the motor loss is a convex function of electromagnetic torque. When the motor parameters for the front and rear wheels are different, the optimal torque distribution coefficient depends on the motor parameters. To validate the analysis results, simulations of the four-motor drive system were conducted. Furthermore, the idle loss is added to the system efficiency data and a numerical optimization method is used to resolve the optimal distribution ratio. It is shown that the optimal solutions are consistent with the analytical results. Finally, the proposed method is validated through bench tests and vehicle dynamometer tests.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

24

Sun, Peikun, Annika Stensson Trigell, Lars Drugge, and Jenny Jerrelind. "Energy-Efficient Direct Yaw Moment Control for In-Wheel Motor Electric Vehicles Utilising Motor Efficiency Maps." Energies 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030593.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

An active energy-efficient direct yaw moment control (DYC) for in-wheel motor electric vehicles taking motor efficiency maps into consideration is proposed in this paper. The potential contribution of DYC to energy saving during quasi-steady-state cornering is analysed. The study in this paper has produced promising results which show that DYC can be used to reduce the power consumption while satisfying the same cornering demand. A controller structure that includes a driver model and an offline torque distribution law during continuous driving and cornering is developed. For comparison, the power consumption of stability DYC is also analysed. Simulations for double lane change manoeuvres are performed and driving conditions either with a constant velocity or with longitudinal acceleration are designed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller in different driving situations. Under constant velocity cornering, since the total torque demand is not high, two rear wheels are engaged and during cornering it is beneficial to distribute more torque to one wheel to improve energy efficiency. In the simulated driving manoeuvres, up to 10% energy can be saved compared to other control methods. During acceleration in cornering, since the total torque demand is high, it is energy-efficient to use all the four in-wheel motors during cornering.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

25

Cho, Jeongmin, and Kunsoo Huh. "Torque vectoring system design for hybrid electric–all wheel drive vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 10-11 (April 7, 2020): 2680–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020906626.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A torque vectoring system is designed for the hybrid electric–all wheel drive vehicle where the front and rear wheels are powered by the combustion engine and electric motors, respectively. The vehicle provides enhanced handling performance by a twin motor drive unit that can distribute the driving and regenerative braking torques to the rear-left and rear-right wheels independently. Based on the driver’s intention, a sliding mode controller is designed to calculate the desired traction force and yaw moment for the vehicle. The force distribution between the front and rear axles is investigated considering the principle of the friction circle, and characteristics of the engine and drive motors. The vertical tire force is estimated using the random walk Kalman filter for the proportional distribution between the front and rear longitudinal forces. For the torque distribution between the rear-left and rear-right wheels, an optimization problem is formulated by considering the constraints of the friction circle and motor characteristics. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in a simulation environment first by reflecting the characteristics of the hybrid electric–all wheel drive modules. Then, the test vehicle is utilized to validate the handling performance experimentally and to compare with the uncontrolled cases.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

26

Hou, Shun Yan, Zhi Yuan Li, Tao Wang, Lian Lu Pang, and Zhi Yuan Feng. "Study on Electronic Differential Control for a Mini Electric Vehicle with Dual In-Wheel-Motor Rear Drive." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.346.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

An electronic differential control system (EDS) has been designed based on a mini electric vehicle (EV) with dual in-wheel-motor rear drive. In view of imperfection of current strategy with speed and moment as control variables, a new control strategy for EDS in a two in-wheel-motor drive EV is proposed with the moment of driving wheel torque as control variable and the slip rate equilibrium of two driving wheels as control objective, considering the effects of axle load transfer. The differential control experiments are conducted with steering mode and straight acceleration mode based on the vehicle prototype. The results show that the control strategy is reasonable, and the controller can effectively realize EV electronic differential by coordinating the moment of two driving wheels.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

27

Credo, Andrea, Marco Tursini, Marco Villani, Claudia Di Lodovico, Michele Orlando, and Federico Frattari. "Axial Flux PM In-Wheel Motor for Electric Vehicles: 3D Multiphysics Analysis." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082107.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) motor represents a valid alternative to the traditional radial flux motor due to its compact structure; it is suitable for in-wheel applications so that the transmission gear can be suppressed. The modeling of the motor is a purely Three-Dimensional (3D) problem and the use of 3D finite element tools allows the attainment of accurate results taking also into account the effects of the end-windings. Moreover, a 3D multiphysics analysis is essential to evaluate not only the motor performance and its thermal behavior, but also the electromagnetic forces acting on the surfaces of the stator teeth and of the magnets that face the air gap. Moreover, as the vehicle’s motors often work in variable-speed conditions, the prediction of vibrations and noise for electric motors over a wide speed range is usually necessary. The paper presents a double-sided AFPM motor for a small pure electric vehicle; the basic drive architecture includes four axial flux motors installed directly inside the vehicle’s wheels. The aim is to propose advanced and integrated electromagnetic, vibroacoustic and thermal analyses that allow the investigation of the axial flux motor behavior in a detailed and exhaustive way.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

28

Julio-Rodríguez, Jose del C., Alfredo Santana-Díaz., and Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza. "Individual Drive-Wheel Energy Management for Rear-Traction Electric Vehicles with In-Wheel Motors." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 4679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104679.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In-wheel motor technology has reduced the number of components required in a vehicle’s power train system, but it has also led to several additional technological challenges. According to kinematic laws, during the turning maneuvers of a vehicle, the tires must turn at adequate rotational speeds to provide an instantaneous center of rotation. An Electronic Differential System (EDS) controlling these speeds is necessary to ensure speeds on the rear axle wheels, always guaranteeing a tractive effort to move the vehicle with the least possible energy. In this work, we present an EDS developed, implemented, and tested in a virtual environment using MATLAB™, with the proposed developments then implemented in a test car. Exhaustive experimental testing demonstrated that the proposed EDS design significantly improves the test vehicle’s longitudinal dynamics and energy consumption. This paper’s main contribution consists of designing an EDS for an in-wheel motor electric vehicle (IWMEV), with motors directly connected to the rear axle. The design demonstrated effective energy management, with savings of up to 21.4% over a vehicle without EDS, while at the same time improving longitudinal dynamic performance.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

29

Kokourov, D. V., and B. V. Malozyomov. "Algorithm for improving energy efficient wheel motor for electric vehicles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012049.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract In accordance with the tendency to reduce the number of mechanical assemblies in electric driven machines and mechanisms, attempts are made to bring the electric motor and the actuator of the mechanism into a single whole. Thereby increasing the quality and productivity of the machines. A motor-wheel is a kind of a driving wheel, an actuator of a traction electric drive system of a pneumatic-wheeled transport vehicle. The work is devoted to the modernization of urban electric transport by equipping it with high-energy efficiency motor wheels, based on the frequency converter system - asynchronous motor. This paper describes the improvement algorithm and technological features.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

30

Zuo, Shuguang, Duoqiang Li, Yu Mao, and Wenzhe Deng. "Longitudinal vibration analysis and suppression of electric wheel system driven by in-wheel motor considering unbalanced magnetic pull." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 11 (October 10, 2018): 2729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018806118.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

With the blowout of electric vehicles recently, the key parts of the electric vehicles driven by in-wheel motors named the electric wheel system become the core of development research. The torque ripple of the in-wheel motor mainly results in the longitudinal dynamics of the electric wheel system. The excitation sources are first analyzed through the finite element method, including the torque ripple induced by the in-wheel motor and the unbalanced magnetic pull produced by the relative motion between the stator and rotor. The accuracy of the finite element model is verified by the back electromotive force test of the in-wheel motor. Second, the longitudinal-torsional coupled dynamic model is established. The proposed model can take into account the unbalanced magnetic pull. Based on the model, the modal characteristics and the longitudinal dynamics of the electric wheel system are analyzed. The coupled dynamic model is verified by the vibration test of the electric wheel system. Two indexes, namely, the root mean square of longitudinal vibration of the stator and the signal-to-noise ratio of the tire slip rate, are proposed to evaluate the electric wheel longitudinal performance. The influence of unbalanced magnetic pull on the evaluation indexes of the longitudinal dynamics is analyzed. Finally, the influence of motor’s structural parameters on the average torque, torque ripple, and equivalent electromagnetic stiffness are analyzed through the orthogonal test. A surrogate model between the structural parameters of the in-wheel motor and the average torque, torque ripple, and equivalent electromagnetic stiffness is established based on the Bp neural network. The torque ripple and the equivalent electromagnetic stiffness are then reduced through optimizing the structural parameters of the in-wheel motor. It turns out that the proposed Bp neural network–based method is effective to suppress the longitudinal vibration of the electric wheel system.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

31

Zhang, Xu, Li Wei Li, Wei Wei Cui, Ji Jun Cui, Yang Cao, Hai Rong Zhao, Guo Quan Hao, Zhi Bing Feng, Song Yang Li, and De Fang He. "Research of Theoretical Analysis and Structural Design of Active Wheel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 1446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.1446.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Drive system of wheel motor is getting more and more attention by automobile manufacturers and researchers. In this paper, a novel drive system of electric vehicle with two degrees of freedom is given, with active wheel driven by two motors, which can work freely under three modes of single motor low speed, double motor high speed and regenerative braking. Furthermore, theoretical analysis based on mechanical dynamics is implemented for all these modes. Detailedly, on an experiment and design platform of a mini electric vehicle, comprehensively considering and balancing structure dimension of testing prototype and expected performance requirements, design of overall structure of the active wheel is accomplished.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

32

Hua, Min, Guoying Chen, Buyang Zhang, and Yanjun Huang. "A hierarchical energy efficiency optimization control strategy for distributed drive electric vehicles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 3 (February 2, 2018): 605–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017751788.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Distributed drive electric vehicle with four in-wheel motors is widespread with various characteristics, such as performance potentials for independent wheel drive control and energy efficiency. However, in future, one of the biggest obstacles for its success in the automotive industry would be its limited energy storage. This paper proposes a hierarchical control method that involves a high-level motion controller that uses sliding mode control to calculate the total desired force and yaw moment and a low-level allocation controller in which an optimal energy-efficient control allocation scheme is presented to provide optimally distributed torques of four in-wheel motors in all the normal cases. A practicable motor energy efficiency model as a motor actuator is proposed by incorporating the electric motor efficiency map based on measured data into the motor efficiency experiment and a current closed-loop motor model. Moreover, both tracking performance and energy-saving are carried out in this research and evaluated via a co-simulation approach using MATLAB/Simulink and CarSim. A ramp maneuver at a constant speed and New European Driving Cycle and Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule maneuvers have been conducted. To conclude, it is demonstrated that distributed drive electric vehicle with four in-wheel motors can reduce total power consumption and enhance tracking performance compared with a simple control allocation in which the torques are the fixed ratio distribution.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

33

Kopczyński, Artur, and Paweł Roszczyk. "Power distribution in multi-motor (AWD) powertrain of electric vehicle." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000038.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This article presents the results of analysis of power distribution in an electric vehicle independent all-wheel drive. The utilized method of velocity distribution takes into account the change in the motion resistance occurring on particular wheel. Moreover, the method of determining the change of vertical loads on traction wheels is also described. Theoretical considerations were verified on a dedicated laboratory stand that allows to perform real time simulation for analysed powertrain structure. The results of two different scenarios of vehicle driving in curvilinear motion are presented.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

34

Wada, Masayoshi. "A 4WD Omnidirectional Wheelchair with Enhanced Step Climbing Capability." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 20, no. 6 (December 20, 2008): 846–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2008.p0846.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In developing an omnidirectional wheelchair tilted to climb single high steps, we enhanced standard step climbing by introducing a four-wheel drive (4WD). One pair of front and back wheels is connected by transmission belts to rotate in unison with a drive motor, i.e., synchrodrive transmission. To avoid wheel slippage as the mechanism turns, two omniwheels are installed in front and two regular tires in back, enabling the front wheels to slide freely sideways while the two back wheels continuously contact the ground. A third motor on the 4WD platform rotates the chair at the center of the mobile base around the vertical axis. The 4WD enhances step climbing over that of standard wheelchairs, but back wheels limit the step height climbed, meaning that front wheels climb higher steps than back wheels. We analyzed 4WD statics to clarify differences in front and back wheel step climbing, finding that drive torque caused the difference and that this influence depends on the wheelbase and vehicle weight distribution ratio of the front and back wheel axes. We varied the load distribution ratio among wheels to maximize back wheel step climbing. To do so, we developed chair tilting with a linear drive and an inclination sensor. The linear drive changes the chair's tilt angle for keeping the wheelchair statics and to vary positioning of the center of gravity (COG) to enable back wheels to climb steps more efficiently. To confirm the effectiveness of chair tilting in this scheme, we tested step climbing in experiments in which a prototype wheelchair carrying a user climbed a 90 mm step, but the back wheels failed when chair tilting was disabled.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

35

Yin, Qiang, Quan Jie Gao, Xiao Peng Chen, and Jiu Lin Zuo. "Research on a Control Unit of in-Wheel Motor Applied in Mobile Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.133.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Compared with the driving system of traditional motors, the advantages of in-wheel motor are described in this article. A kind of drive control unit of in-wheel motor is designed for mobile robot, and its composition, working principle, hardware and software design are described. Experiments show that the control unit can make a good performance to meet the requirements of mobile robot.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

36

Trimulya, Chandra Teguh, Nur Cholis, and Fitri Wahyuni. "ANALISIS PRODUK PELEK MOTOR TIPE CAST WHEEL BERBAHAN PADUAN ALUMUNIUM." Bina Teknika 16, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54378/bt.v16i2.2306.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Motorcycle rim is a very important component in vehicles where motorcycle rim is a component that is directly confused with the highway. In the aspect of safety rim is also very important and very calculated in the manufacturing process, the use of high-quality raw materials is very necessary in the manufacture of motorcycle rims. Nowadays, cast wheel rims are very popular among consumers because cast wheel rims have a sportier design compared to spokes. In this research, the design of cast wheels with spoke wheels numbered 5 and 6 with a given impact speed variation of 10km/h, 15km/h and 20km/h. then the rim material used uses aluminum alloy 6061-T6 and the projectile material uses aluminum alloy 6061-T0. The rim that is designed has a diameter of 433.3 mm and a width of 68 mm to make it easier to design a cast wheel rim using software based on the finite element method, by using this software we can design or design a material so that we can know the stress and strain that occurs when simulating an impact on the inter-spoke plane

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

37

Trimulya, Chandra Teguh, Nur Cholis, and Fitri Wahyuni. "ANALISIS PRODUK PELEK MOTOR TIPE CAST WHEEL BERBAHAN PADUAN ALUMUNIUM." Bina Teknika 16, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54378/bt.v16i2.2306.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Motorcycle rim is a very important component in vehicles where motorcycle rim is a component that is directly confused with the highway. In the aspect of safety rim is also very important and very calculated in the manufacturing process, the use of high-quality raw materials is very necessary in the manufacture of motorcycle rims. Nowadays, cast wheel rims are very popular among consumers because cast wheel rims have a sportier design compared to spokes. In this research, the design of cast wheels with spoke wheels numbered 5 and 6 with a given impact speed variation of 10km/h, 15km/h and 20km/h. then the rim material used uses aluminum alloy 6061-T6 and the projectile material uses aluminum alloy 6061-T0. The rim that is designed has a diameter of 433.3 mm and a width of 68 mm to make it easier to design a cast wheel rim using software based on the finite element method, by using this software we can design or design a material so that we can know the stress and strain that occurs when simulating an impact on the inter-spoke plane

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

38

He, Ping, Zhu Rong Dong, Cheng Wei Han, and Song Hua Hu. "Design and Test Development of a Comprehensive Performance Test Bench for Electric Wheel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.817.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In order to research the driving performance of electric vehicle driven by the electric wheels and provide the test basis to the design of electric vehicle, the author of the paper designed and developed a multifunctional comprehensive performance test bench for electric wheel. Such test bench has the basic functions of road simulation, resistance simulation, vehicle weight simulation and inertia simulation, and the other functions of steering simulation, coupling simulation of electric braking and mechanical coupling, wheel hub motor performance test lamp. The author of the paper made certain design for the relevant test items, which has far-reaching significance for the test and research of the battery electric vehicle (BEV) driven by the wheel hub motor.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

39

Lu, Zhenggang, Xiaojie Sun, and Jin Zhang. "Design and Control of Disc PMSM Directly Driven Wheel for Tramcar." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 747636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/747636.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A new solution of disc permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) directly driven wheel is proposed as a design customized for low floor tramcar. And the motors are overhung on the bogie frame to make the weight as the sprung mass. Meanwhile, the universal coupling is installed between the driven wheel and motor shaft. A disc PMSM is designed according to the demand of traction power. The motors are not only traction and steering actuators but are also regarded as sensors to obtain the rotational speed of motor directly driven wheel. Through the obtained data, an active sensorless steering control method is applied using the relative rotational speed between wheel pair. Finally, models combined with motor control and steering control are set up to check the control strategies. The simulation results indicate that sliding mode observer has the functionality of estimating the rotating speed with high accuracy for active steering control. The tramcar exhibits self-steering and better negotiation under active steering control. The tramcar is under a better condition of running along the central line of track with small attack angle and low power consumption while passing the shape curve track.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

40

Sekour, M’hamed, Kada Hartani, and Abdelkader Merah. "Electric Vehicle Longitudinal Stability Control Based on a New Multimachine Nonlinear Model Predictive Direct Torque Control." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2017 (2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4125384.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In order to improve the driving performance and the stability of electric vehicles (EVs), a new multimachine robust control, which realizes the acceleration slip regulation (ASR) and antilock braking system (ABS) functions, based on nonlinear model predictive (NMP) direct torque control (DTC), is proposed for four permanent magnet synchronous in-wheel motors. The in-wheel motor provides more possibilities of wheel control. One of its advantages is that it has low response time and almost instantaneous torque generation. Moreover, it can be independently controlled, enhancing the limits of vehicular control. For an EV equipped with four in-wheel electric motors, an advanced control may be envisaged. Taking advantage of the fast and accurate torque of in-wheel electric motors which is directly transmitted to the wheels, a new approach for longitudinal control realized by ASR and ABS is presented in this paper. In order to achieve a high-performance torque control for EVs, the NMP-DTC strategy is proposed. It uses the fuzzy logic control technique that determines online the accurate values of the weighting factors and generates the optimal switching states that optimize the EV drives’ decision. The simulation results built in Matlab/Simulink indicate that the EV can achieve high-performance vehicle longitudinal stability control.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

41

Jalalmaab, Mehdi, and Nasser L. Azad. "A stochastic power management strategy with skid avoidance for improving energy efficiency of in-wheel motor electric vehicles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 5 (May 23, 2018): 1306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018772377.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In this study, a stochastic power management strategy for in-wheel motor electric vehicles is proposed to reduce the energy consumption and increase the driving range, considering the unpredictable nature of the driving power demand. A stochastic dynamic programming approach, policy iteration algorithm, is used to create an infinite horizon problem formulation to calculate optimal power distribution policies for the vehicle. The developed stochastic dynamic programming strategy distributes the demanded power, Pdem between the front and rear in-wheel motors by considering states of the vehicle, including the vehicle speed and the front and the rear wheels’ slip ratios. In addition, a skid avoidance rule is added to the power management strategy to maintain the wheels’ slip ratios within the desired values. Undesirable slip ratios cause poor brake and traction control performances and therefore should be avoided. The resulting strategy consists of a time-invariant, rule-based controller which is fast enough for real time implementations, and additionally, it is not expensive to be launched since the future power demand is approximated without a need to vehicle communication systems or telemetric capability. A high-fidelity model of an in-wheel motor electric vehicle is developed in the Autonomie/Simulink environment for evaluating the proposed strategy. The simulation results show that the proposed stochastic dynamic programming strategy is more efficient in comparison to some benchmark strategies, such as an equal power distribution and generalized rule-based dynamic programming. The simulation results of different driving scenarios for the considered in-wheel motor electric vehicle show the proposed power management strategy leads to 3% energy consumption reduction in average, at no additional cost. If the resulting energy savings is considered for the total annual trips for the vehicle and also the total number of electric vehicles in the country, the proposed power management strategy has a significant impact.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

42

Kim, Young-Ki, Sang-Hoon Kim, Hag-Wone Kim, and Hyung-Soo Mok. "Accelerated Life Test of In-Wheel Motor for Mobile Robot." Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics 15, no. 6 (December 20, 2010): 498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.6113/tkpe.2010.15.6.498.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

43

Zhou, Wei Hua, Ji Feng Guo, Guan Shuai Jia, and Han Liu. "Design and Analysis of an Omni-Directional Mobile Robot with Orthogonal Wheel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 88-89 (August 2011): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.88-89.60.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This study presents the processes undertaken in the design and implementation of an omni-directional mobile robot using orthogonal wheels. The orthogonal wheel developed consists of ten rollers, achieves not only forward, reverse, left slide, right slide, but also rotation in situ. The mobile robot consists of four orthogonal wheels which independently powered by brushless DC motors. A DC industrial motherboard is adopted in the main controller, which constitutes a NMT network with the communication ports of four motor drivers by an extended CAN card. In the NMT network, the host computer is the CAN node master, and each motor driver is the CAN node slave. The host computer controls each motor’s movement, and reads the motor’s current, position and speed information through the NMT network in real-time. The experiment shows that the mobile robot can achieve omni-directional movement.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

44

Sharma, Mr Chandrakant J., Tejaswini Khawas, Akshay Nandanwar, and Bhupesh Paunikar. "Direct Torque Control on BLDC Motor for Electric Vehicle." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 1464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41577.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract: Electric Car (EV) due to its going for walks 0 emission, sustainability and efficiency is of hobby for future transportation. In-wheel generation has been one of the principal studies concentration factors in ultimate decade. BLDC motor is on call for in-wheel utility due to its excessive performance, torque/velocity traits, high electricity to length ratio, high operating existence and noiseless operation. On this paper direct torque control (DTC) switching technique of BLDC motor for EV propulsion machine is proposed and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The Simulation consequences show effective manipulate of torque and super discount of torque ripple amplitude compared to standard mentioned switching techniques. Enhancements of in-wheel motor’s torque controllability end result to have extra efficient and safer electric vehicle. The simulation effects of proposed switching machine are fine and display correct performance of device. Keywords: BLDC motor; In-wheel motors; Direct torque control (DTC); Electric vehicle etc.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

45

Liu, Xiang, Mian Li, and Min Xu. "A new anti-skid control method for electric vehicles using the motor torque and the wheel acceleration with experimental verification." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 231, no. 3 (August 5, 2016): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407016639444.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Driving electric vehicles by electric motors can result in many unique advantages for dynamic control of electric vehicles. With the superior fast and accurate torque control performance of electric motors, electric vehicles, in particular, can achieve higher levels of safety and handling performance. A simple, effective and efficient anti-skid control method specified for electric vehicles is proposed in this paper by considering the real-world resistance factors. This method is developed on the basis of sensing and regulating a newly defined parameter, namely the ratio of the drive motor torque to the angular acceleration of the wheels, both of which can be easily obtained for electric motors. The monotonic relationship between the slip ratio and the ratio of the drive motor torque to the angular acceleration of the wheels is proved under both acceleration conditions and deceleration conditions, by considering the real-world resistance factors. The simulations and the experimental results show that the ratio of the drive motor torque to the angular acceleration of the wheels can be efficiently used, instead of the slip ratio, in anti-skid control. The results indicate that electric vehicles can achieve high-performance vehicle motion control with more flexible and simplified configurations by using in-wheel electric motors.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

46

Wang, Qing Nian, Shi Xin Song, Shao Kun Li, Shi Qi Fan, and Si Lun Peng. "A Control Strategy of Regenerative Braking System with Motor ABS for In-Wheel-Motor Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 740 (March 2015): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.740.180.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The electro-mechanical braking system of In-Wheel-Motor vehicle is analyzed by applying vehicle braking stability theory. Considering the properties of composite lectro-mechanical braking system, a regenerative braking system control strategy with ABS function for In-Wheel-Motor vehicle is proposed. In the strategy, the ABS function is achieved by adjust the motor torque. With using the new strategy, simulations are conducted on an in-wheel-motor vehicle model, and the road adhesion coefficient in the simulation is 0.2 and 0.8 respectively. The result shows that the control strategy proposed enhances the braking stability of In-Wheel-Motor vehicle.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

47

Yang, Wei Hua, Zi Fan Fang, and Kong De He. "Analysis of Development and Application of In-Wheel Motor System for Electric Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 703 (December 2014): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.703.409.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In-wheel motor driving electric vehicle is an important development direction in the future. Aiming at the in-wheel motor used for electric vehicle, a comprehensive analysis of its present design and application situation was made, then the performance characteristics of in-wheel motor driven electric vehicle was proposed. Moreover, the concept and structure of in-wheel motor system were stated, and the current development situation of its each part was expounded. Finally, on the basis of analysis of the positive and negative effects on the performance of electric vehicle, the key technical problems concerning in-wheel motor system design and the solutions were summed up.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

48

Gang, Li, and Yang Zhi. "Energy saving control based on motor efficiency map for electric vehicleswith four-wheel independently driven in-wheel motors." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 8 (August 2018): 168781401879306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018793064.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

For four-wheel independently driven in-wheel motor electric vehicles, the four-wheel drive/braking torque can be controlled independently. Therefore, it has an advantage that energy saving control can be applied effectively. This article studies several energy saving control methods from two levels of driving and braking for four-wheel independently driven in-wheel motor electric vehicles under urban conditions based on the motor efficiency map. First, the energy saving control logic and the evaluation index were proposed in the article. The four-wheel drive torque was online optimized in real time through drive energy saving control, in order to improve the driving efficiency in the driving process of electric vehicles. According to the theory of ideal braking force distribution and Economic Commission of Europe braking regulations, the parallel regenerative braking control method based on the motor efficiency map was then studied. The parallel regenerative braking control method was applied to four-wheel independently driven in-wheel motor electric vehicles. The simulation analysis under typical urban driving cycle conditions was carried out to determine the braking intensity of the parallel brake front axle separate regenerative braking, and finally the braking energy recovery rate of electric vehicle can be improved in the low speed and low braking torque. Finally, simulation experiments have been carried out to verify the researched method under the NEDC, UDDS, and J1015 urban driving cycles. The simulation results show that the energy saving control methods have an obvious effect on energy saving under the urban driving cycle conditions.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

49

Kumar, Varun, Lakshya Gaur, and Arvind Rehalia. "Alternate Trajectory Determination Using Multimode Automated Robotic Vehicle with Line Following and Object Following Mode." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 3 (March 30, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i3.593.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In this paper the authors have explained the development of robotic vehicle prepared by them, which operates autonomously and is not controlled by the users, except for selection of modes. The different modes of the automated vehicle are line following, object following and object avoidance with alternate trajectory determination. The complete robotic assembly is mounted on a chassis comprising of Arduino Uno, Servo motors, HC-SRO4 (Ultrasonic sensor), DC motors (Geared), L293D Motor Driver, IR proximity sensors, Voltage Regulator along with castor wheel and two normal wheels.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

50

S L, Prajwal Shetty. "Wheel Speed Control Algorithm for Four-Wheel Hub Motor Drive." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, no. 6 (June 30, 2020): 2092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.6342.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Статті в журналах з теми "Motor wheel"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями