Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mosques – Turkey – Edirne"

A long history of civilization through various cultural and technological influences, had shaped the Ottoman mosque architecture. Each of the objects has its unique characteristics yet connected each other. This paper examines how the classic Turkish mosque-dome architecture, have evolved by proposing examination on configuration similarities and its connection. The authors address 23 mosques in the high classical period of the Ottoman's era to reveal spatial and technical considerations of the main building. The dynasty's route in architecture from central Asia, Seljuk, Bursa, Edirne, and Istanbul is the context of the discussion. It is undeniable that the development of dome architecture in classical Turkey shows some clear linkages from the previous to the later age. Furthermore, some links connected pre and after Istanbul conquest, which contribute to clarify the dispute of the novelty of the architecture, were discovered.

Recent advances in contemporary Virtual Reality (VR) technologies are going to have a significant impact on veryday life. Through VR it is possible to virtually explore a computer-generated environment as a different reality, and to immerse oneself into the past or in a virtual museum without leaving the current real-life situation. For such the ultimate VR experience, the user should only see the virtual world. Currently, the user must wear a VR headset which fits around the head and over the eyes to visually separate themselves from the physical world. Via the headset images are fed to the eyes through two small lenses. Cultural heritage monuments are ideally suited both for thorough multi-dimensional geometric documentation and for realistic interactive visualisation in immersive VR applications. Additionally, the game industry offers tools for interactive visualisation of objects to motivate users to virtually visit objects and places. In this paper the generation of a virtual 3D model of the Selimiye mosque in the city of Edirne, Turkey and its processing for data integration into the game engine Unity is presented. The project has been carried out as a co-operation between BİMTAŞ, a company of the Greater Municipality of Istanbul, Turkey and the Photogrammetry & Laser Scanning Lab of the HafenCity University Hamburg, Germany to demonstrate an immersive and interactive visualisation using the new VR system HTC Vive. The workflow from data acquisition to VR visualisation, including the necessary programming for navigation, is described. Furthermore, the possible use (including simultaneous multiple users environments) of such a VR visualisation for a CH monument is discussed in this contribution.

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In this study, reconstruction activities in Cyprus were investigated according to the information given in the El-Hac Es-Sayyid Mehmet Ağa Foundation (1826). El-Hac Es-Seyyid Mehmet Ağa was a former guardian in Ottoman Palace (İstanbul) who was appointed as a tax officer Cyprus in the early 19th century. Seyyid Mehmet Aga, during his stay in Cyprus constructed Mosque, Tekke, Mescit, and schools and he has foundations related to these structures. These foundations are available in the TRNC Vakıflar Administration, TRNC Girne National Archives and Research Department, Republic of Turkey Directorate General of Foundations Achieves. Most of the Islamic buildings registered in the Seyyid Mehmet Ağa foundation are made up of the pre-existing, inadequate and ruined structures re-constructed and brought to the use of the Muslim Turkish Cypriot people. Nicosia Dükkanlarönü Mosque, Fethiye Mosque, Tahtakale Mosque, Lapta Mosque and Famagusta Kutup Osman Efendi Tomb are the architectural venues where the Turkish Cypriot Islamic culture has been performed and it is understood from archival documents that they are supported by various mites and foundations. Within the scope of the study, prior and restructuring processes of these structures were determined and findings were made about the current situation. These structures are the living documents of the Ottoman Period in Cyprus over 300 years, which describe the structuring of the Islam and Ottoman identity in island. These structures are important documents of the Turkish Cypriot Islamic Heritage. Due to political changing over time they lost their incomes and original shapes.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Bu çalışmada 19, yüzyıl başlarında Kıbrıs’a muhassıl olarak atanan Dergâh-ı Âli Kapıcı başlarından El-Hac Es- Seyyid Mehmet Ağanın 1826 tarihli Vakfiyelerinde geçen bilgilere bağlı olarak Kıbrıs’taki imar faaliyetleri incelenmiştir. Kıbrıs’ta bulunduğu süre zarfında Cami, Tekke, Mescit, Sıbyan Mektebi yaptıran Seyyid Mehmet Ağa’nın bu yapılar ile ilgili vakfiyeleri mevcuttur. Bu vakfiyeler KKTC Vakıflar İdaresinde, KKTC Girne Milli Arşiv ve Araştırma Dairesinde, TC Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü ve TC Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivlerinde bulunmaktadır. Seyyid Mehmet Ağa vakfiyesinde kayıtlı bulunan İslami eserlerin çoğu önceden var olan, yetersiz ve harap durumda olan yapıların yeniden düzenlemelerle genişletilip Müslüman Türk halkının kullanımına kazandırılmış yapılardır. Seyyid Mehmet Ağa’nın yeniden yaptırmış olduğu Lefkoşa Dükkânlar Önü Camii, Fethiye Camii, Tahtakale Camii, Lapta Camii ve Mağusa Kutup Osman Efendi Türbesi Kıbrıs Türk İslam kültürünün icra edildiği mimari mekânlar olup çeşitli akarlar ve vakıflar ile desteklenmiş oldukları arşiv belgelerinden anlaşılmaktadır.</p><p>Çalışma kapsamında söz konusu yapıların önceden ve yeniden yaptırılma süreçleri belirlenerek günümüzdeki durumları hakkında tespitler yapılmıştır. Osmanlı Hâkimiyetinin adada var olduğu 300 yılı aşkın zaman diliminde, gerek devlet eli gerekse adada görev alan memurlar sayesinde Kıbrıs’ta İslam ve Osmanlı kimliğinin yapılandırılarak etkisinin genişletildiğini anlatan ve Osmanlı Devleti’nin Kıbrıs’ta yaşayan belgeleri niteliğinde olan bu yapılar, Kıbrıs Türk İslam Mirasının vazgeçilmeyen önemli ögeleridir. Zaman içerisinde değişen siyasal yapıya bağlı olarak gelirleri kesilen ve terk edilen bu eserler bakımsızlık nedeni ile orijinal hallerini yitirmişerdir.</p>

Research Problem/Purpose: Child abandonment is the act of parents illegally relinquishing their rights over their children with the intention of not regaining custody. This study was conducted retrospectively to draw attention to the issue of abandoned babies in the media and discuss the findings. Method: In the research, three newspapers with the highest circulation and accessible through the internet published between March 2018 and March 2023 were examined. The current news pages of these newspapers were searched using the keywords "terk bebek" (abandoned baby), "buluntu bebek" (found baby), and "bebek bulundu" (baby found). A total of 70 news articles related to babies aged 0-24 months from news sources in Turkey were included in this research. Percentage and frequency distributions were used to evaluate the data. Findings: 47.1% of abandoned babies are female, and 38.6% are male. 67.1% of babies were abandoned within the first seven days after birth, and 32.9% in the winter months. Newspaper reports indicated that 67.1% of the babies were abandoned in places such as homes, mosques, streets, workplaces, hospitals, and schools. Health checks conducted after the babies were found revealed that 42.9% of them were in good general condition, while 18.6% were found dead. The examination showed that 38.5% of the babies found dead were abandoned in the winter, and 46.2% in the autumn; there were no dead babies found among those abandoned during the summer months. Conclusion: The fact that most babies are left in places where they can be found suggests that the person abandoning the baby intends for the baby to survive. Emphasis should be placed on identifying the factors leading to the abandonment of babies in the postpartum period, providing prenatal care services to all women, and offering safe sexuality and reproductive health education in schools to promote healthier parenthood. (Extended English summary is at the end of this document) Özet Araştırma problemi/amaç: Çocuğun terk edilmesi, ebeveynin velayet yetkisini bir daha geri almamak niyetiyle, çocukları üzerindeki haklarından yasa dışı bir şekilde vazgeçmesidir. Bu çalışma medyada yer alan terk edilen bebekler konusuna dikkat çekmek, elde edilen bulguları tartışmak amacıyla retrospektif olarak yapılmıştır. Metod: Araştırmada, Mart 2018-Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında yayınlanan, tirajı en yüksek olan ve internet aracılığıyla ulaşılabilen üç gazete incelenmiştir. Bu gazetelerin güncel haberler sayfası ‘terk bebek’, ‘buluntu bebek’, ‘bebek bulundu’ anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Bu araştırmaya, haber kaynağı Türkiye olan ve 0-24 aylık bebeklere ilişkin 70 haber dâhil edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzde ve frekans dağılımları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Terk bebeklerin %47,1’i kız, %38,6’sı erkektir. Bebeklerin %67,1’i doğumdan sonra ilk yedi günde ve %32,9’u kış ayında terk edilmiştir. Gazete haberlerinde bebeklerin %67,1’inin ev, cami, sokak, işyeri, hastane, okul gibi alanlara bırakıldığı belirlenmiştir. Bebeklerin bulunduktan sonra yapılan sağlık kontrolünde, %42,9’unun genel durumunun iyi olduğu, %18,6’sının ölü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan incelemede ölü bulunan bebeklerin %38,5’inin kış, %46,2’sinin sonbahar mevsiminde bırakıldığı; yaz aylarında terk edilen bebekler arasında ise ölü bebek bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Sonuç: Bebeklerin büyük çoğunun bulunabilecek yerlere terk edilmesi, terk eden kişinin bebeğin yaşamasını istediğini düşündürmektedir. Doğum sonrası dönemde bebeklerin terk edilmesine neden olan faktörlerin belirlenmesine yönelik çalışmalara ağırlık verilmesi, doğum öncesi bakım hizmetlerinin tüm kadınlara sunulması, okullarda güvenli cinsellik ve üreme sağlığı eğitimlerinin verilerek daha sağlıklı ebeveynliğin geliştirilmesi önerilebilir.

Öz Köklü tarihi ile her dönem önemini koruyan Ankara, bir protokol şehri olduktan sonra büyük kapasiteli camilere ihtiyaç duymuştur. Ankara’nın Kocatepe Camisi ve Kuzey Ankara Merkez Camisi’nden sonra en büyük camilerinden olan Melike Hatun Camisi de büyük kapasitesi ve kent silüetindeki konumu ile öne çıkmaktadır. 2013-2017 yılları arasında inşa edilen Melike Hatun Cami, plan ve yapı özellikleri açısından geleneksel bir yaklaşımla tasarlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Melike Hatun Cami örneği üzerinden günümüz cami mimarisinde uygulanan yaklaşımlar aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla, çalışmanın giriş bölümünde kısaca çağdaş cami mimarisi anlatılmış, ikinci bölümde Melike Hatun Camisi’nin mekân kurgusu, genel mimari özellikleri, plan tipi ve yapıdaki geleneksel elemanların kullanımı incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölüm olan değerlendirme ve karşılaştırma bölümünde ise incelenen yapı ile Osmanlı dönemi yapıları arasındaki benzerlikler plan tipi, plan ve yapı elemanları, malzeme ve teknik, süsleme özellikleri açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu karşılaştırma aynı zamanda Türkiye’de son yıllarda geleneksel yaklaşımla inşa edilen camilerle de yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Melike Hatun Camisi’nin günümüz cami mimarisi içindeki yeri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Abstract Ankara, which has always maintained its importance with its deep-rooted history, needed large-capacity mosques after becoming a protocol city. Melike Hatun Mosque, one of the largest mosques in Ankara after Kocatepe Mosque and North Ankara Central Mosque, stands out with its large capacity and location in the city skyline. Melike Hatun Mosque, built between 2013-2017, was designed with a traditional approach in terms of plan and building features. In this study, the approaches applied in today's mosque architecture have been tried to be elucidated through the example of Melike Hatun Mosque. For this purpose, in the introduction part of the study, contemporary mosque architecture is briefly explained, and in the second part, the space setup of Melike Hatun Mosque, general architectural features, plan type and the use of traditional elements in the structure are examined. In the third section, the evaluation and comparison section, the similarities between the examined structure and the Ottoman period structures were compared in terms of plan type, plan and building elements, materials and techniques, and ornamental features. This comparison has also been made with mosques built with the traditional approach in Turkey in recent years. As a result, the place of Melike Hatun Mosque in current mosque architecture has been tried to be determined.

Mimarlık sözlüğündeki karşılığı “sonradan değişikliğe uğramış bir yapıtın eski halinin resmini yapmak, canlandırım” olan restitüsyon, mimari korumada tarihi yapıların restorasyon projeleri hazırlanırken önemli bir aşamadır. Restore edilecek yapının mevcut durumu belgelenip çözümlenirken restitüsyon(lar) da hazırlanarak özgün biçim(ler) saptanmakta ve restorasyon projesinde dayanak olarak kullanılmaktadır. Çalışma konusu, 19. yüzyılda bir Rum Ortodoks kilisesi olarak inşa edilip 1923’te Lozan Antlaşması’na ek protokol doğrultusunda gerçekleşen Türkiye-Yunanistan nüfus mübadelesiyle özgün işlevini yitiren Yozgat Fatih (Kilise) Camii’dir. Pek çok farklı kullanımın ardından 1990’lı yıllardan bu yana cami olarak kullanılmaktadır. Yapının tarihine ait görsel belgelerin kısıtlı olması nedeniyle restitüsyon ve restorasyon projesi üretilmesi söz konusu olduğunda zorluklarla karşılaşılması üzerine analojik verilere başvurularak hiçbir belgeye ulaşılamayan noktaların restitüe edilebilmesi için, ya da yetersiz bulunan verilerin desteklemesi/teyit edilmesi için referans bulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yozgat Fatih (Kilise) Camii’nin tarihsel belgeleri ve analojik çalışmadan elde edilen veriler bütünü ile geliştirilen restitüsyon önerisini restorasyondan sonraki durumuyla birlikte paylaşmaktır. Abstract Restitution, which means "reforming the original, painting the old version of a work that has been changed later, resuscitation" due to the architectural dictionary, constitutes an important stage in the preparation of restoration projects of historical buildings in architectural conservation. While the current situation of the building to be restored is documented and analyzed, the restitution(s) are also prepared and the original form(s) are determined, and if reliable documents are available, the restoration project tries to stay true to this original situation as much as possible. The subject of the study, Yozgat Fatih Mosque, was built as a Greek Orthodox church in the 19th century and lost its original function with the population exchange between Turkey and Greece in 1923 in line with the additional protocol to the Treaty of Lausanne. After many different uses, it has been used as a mosque since the 1990s. Due to the limited visual documents of its history, when it comes to the production of restitution and restoration projects, difficulties were encountered, and analogical data were used to find references for restitution of the points where no documents could be reached, or to support/confirm the insufficient data. The aim of this study is to share the historical documents of the Yozgat Church Mosque and the data obtained from the analogical study, as well as the restitution proposal development process and its result, together with its situation after restoration.

Situated in Thrace (Trakya) on the European side of the Marmara Region of Turkey, the city of Edirne is today important as a border city that ranks as a cultural and university center. Because it served as one of the Ottoman Empire’s three historical capital cities (the others being Bursa and Istanbul), the city is an open-air museum with very important monuments and architectural elements. Among the historical buildings still extant are mosques, charity complexes, bridges, old shop buildings, caravansaries, palaces, historical houses, and their quarters. Developing out of its former role as an old Byzantine fortress, the city advanced greatly as a Turkish-Muslim city during the Ottoman Empire. Its development was significantly boosted by construction and improvements ordered by the successive sultans, in their first-degree positions, and by high-ranking state officials of second and third-degree positions. The significance of the role they played in the development of the city is evident from the fact that they gave their names to many neighborhoods. The concept of centralization became the catalyst for a significant change in the old Paleo-Christian fortress city of Edirne. Ottoman monuments and shopping areas began to cluster in the northeastern corner of the city. Within a period of 200 years after the Turkish conquest, Edirne had acquired the look of a developed city with new districts and inhabited quarters. Edirne’s form is the result of three distinct types of urban development specific to the three periods of urban history: Roman/Byzantine, Ottoman, and Modern. The Roman/Byzantine form was included in the Ottoman city, which took on a more homogeneous form in the modern era.