Статті в журналах: "Morphological index"

1

Lalvani, Haresh. "Meta-Morphological Technique for a Multi-Parameter Design Index." International Journal of Space Structures 8, no. 4 (December 1993): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635119300800402.

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Complex design and morphologic problems, consisting of multiple parameters, can be described, modelled and indexed using a meta-morphological technique presented here. All design and morphologic variables can be mapped in Euclidean n-dimensional space, where n is the number of variables. This meta-space contains all the possible solutions to the problem and each point in this solution n-space is a candidate solution. The desired solution, represented by a specific point in this space and coded (addressed) by its n-dimension Cartesian co-ordinates, is ranked by the hyper-distance of this point from the origin. The hyper-distance itself provides a design index (or hyper-index) of the solution and can be determined by the known hyper-Pythagorean theorem. The procedure is recursive and applies to complex design problems which are hierarchical and composed of problem-within-problem-within-problems. Here the parameters are composed of subparameters, and the solutions are correspondingly mapped in a recursive, fractal n-cube composed of sub-cubes composed of sub-sub-cubes. The total composite index is determined by the recursive application of the hyper-Pythagorean theorem and represents a quantification of the morphological complexity of the design. The model is independent of the design problem, and has attractive possibilities for application in computer-aided design environments. The application is shown with the hypothetical selection of a space frame from a number of alternatives.

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2

Irshad, Faiza, Omer Iqbal Cheema, Sobia Ibrahim, Muhammad Nauman Akram, Muhammad Ammar Naqvi, Mufassar Nishat, and M. A. Khan. "Morphological Cortical Index, Canal-calcar Ratio, Canal Flare Index and Canal Bone Ratio of proximal femur in Punjab." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 1 (January 18, 2022): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22161213.

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Background: Preoperative assessment by calculating the morphological cortical Index (MCI), canal-calcar ratio (CCR), canal flare index (CFI) and canal bone ratio (CBR) will facilitate appropriate surgical planning for total hip arthroplasty. Since no data on indices and ratios of proximal femur in Punjab is available the study was planned to record the same from radiographs of normal adult population. Study design: Cross-sectional population study Methods: MCI, CCR, CFI and CBR were calculated from measurements on anteroposterior radiographs of the proximal femur from 116 male and 96 female subjects with a mean age of 46 years. Results: Morphologic cortical index, canal calcar ratio and canal flare index did not have any statistically significant difference between the two sexes. Canal bone ratio showed a highly significant difference when the male and female group were compared (p = 0.0042). Conclusion: The study has provided baseline data on morphologic cortical index, canal calcar ratio, canal flare index and canal bone ratio of proximal femur in Punjab which may be helpful in surgical planning for total hip arthroplasty and further research in the area. Keywords: Morphological Cortical Index (MCI), Canal-calcar Ratio (CCR), Canal Flare Index (CFI), Canal Bone Ratio (CBR), proximal femur, morphometry, total hip arthroplasty (THA)

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3

Olenko, A., K. T. Wong, H. Mir, and H. Al‐Nashash. "Generalised correlation index for quantifying signal morphological similarity." Electronics Letters 52, no. 22 (October 2016): 1832–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.2974.

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4

Jiménez-Sánchez, Angélica R., Israel Santillán, Juvenal Rodriguez Resendiz, Carlos A. Gonzalez-Gutierrez, and Jorge D. Mendiola-Santibañez. "Morphological contrast index based on the Weber's law." International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology 22, no. 2 (May 12, 2012): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ima.22014.

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5

Viktoriia, Turliuk. "Characteristics of anthropometric and morphological index of hurdles runers." Physical culture, sports and health of the nation 258, no. 6(25) (2018): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2071-5285-2018-6-25-175-181.

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6

Ranjana G, Rohini M, and Manik C. "ANTHROPOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOLOGICAL FACIAL INDEX OF GOND MALES AND FEMALES OF UTTAR BASTAR KANKER, C.G." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 4, no. 4.3 (December 31, 2016): 3170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.431.

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7

Leemans, Eva L., Bart M. W. Cornelissen, Miran Said, René van den Berg, Cornelis H. Slump, Henk A. Marquering, and Charles B. L. M. Majoie. "Intracranial aneurysm growth: consistency of morphological changes." Neurosurgical Focus 47, no. 1 (July 2019): E5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.4.focus1987.

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OBJECTIVEPrevious studies have shown a relation between growth and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Additionally, several morphological characteristics are frequently measured to estimate rupture risk. Little is known about how the rupture risk is associated with morphological characteristic changes during growth. The aim of this study was to provide insights into how morphological characteristics, associated with rupture, change during an aneurysm’s growth.METHODSThe authors retrospectively identified patients with longitudinal MRA images of unruptured growing aneurysms. The MRA images had an in-plane resolution of 0.2–0.5 mm and a slice thickness of 0.2–0.75 mm. Therefore, growth was defined as an increase of at least 0.5 mm in two directions or 1 mm in one direction. Using the MRA images, the authors semiautomatically segmented the aneurysm and the perianeurysmal vasculature. Twelve morphological characteristics were automatically measured. These characteristics were related to size (diameter, height, width, neck diameter, volume, surface area, aspect ratio, height-width ratio, and bottleneck factor) and shape (ellipticity index, nonsphericity index, and undulation index) of the aneurysm. Morphological characteristics before and after growth were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.RESULTSThe authors included 31 patients with 38 growing aneurysms. The aneurysms’ growth was detected after a mean of 218 weeks (range 23–567 weeks). A significant increase was seen in all size-related characteristics, and the bottleneck factor also significantly increased (from a median of 1.00 [IQR 0.85–1.04] to 1.03 [IQR 0.93–1.18]), while the ellipticity index decreased (from a median of 0.26 [IQR 0.25–0.28] to 0.25 [IQR 0.24–0.26]). The changes in size ratios and shape indices varied largely among patients. Larger aneurysms more often showed an increase in shape ratios.CONCLUSIONSAlthough aneurysm growth, size-related characteristics, bottleneck factor, and ellipticity index changed significantly during growth, most size ratios and shape indices showed inconsistent changes among aneurysms. This suggests that, for an accurate rupture prediction, morphological parameters need to be reassessed after growth.

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8

Aishwarya, Jagan, Ramasamy Sasikala, and Syed Dilshath. "Efficacy of morphological indexing of ovarian tumor: preoperative determination of risk of malignancy." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 8 (July 26, 2017): 3458. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173463.

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Background: Ovarian cancers ranks fifth in cancer death worldwide and in India it ranks third among the female genital tract malignancies. Objective of present study was to assess prospectively the efficacy of morphological indexing (MI) as a method to predict malignancy in sonographically confirmed ovarian tumors.Methods: A prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu from September 2011 to August 2012. The risk of malignancy is preoperatively assessed in 136 patients with ovarian tumour using a morphological index based on tumour volume and wall structure. Each tumour was assigned a score of 0 to 10 based on increasing volume and morphologic complexity. The efficacy of the index was assessed by histopathological examination of the tumour.Results: The benign tumours had a mean MI score of 4.3 and malignant tumours had a mean of 8.3 which was statistically significant. Of the 54 tumours with MI <5, only 2 (3.7%) were malignant where else out of the remaining 82 tumours with MI >5, 54 (51.2%) were malignant. With MI >5 as a predictor of malignancy the present study had a Sensitivity-95.5%, Specificity-56.5%, Positive predictive value-51.2%, Negative predictive value-94%, and Accuracy-68%.Conclusions: Morphological index is a simple, valuable and inexpensive diagnostic tool to rule out malignancy in pre operative evaluations of ovarian tumors.

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9

Chen, Min, Mengling Lei, Danyang Liu, Yi Zhou, Hao Zhao, and Kejian Qian. "Morphological Features-Based Descriptive Index System for Lunar Impact Craters." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7010005.

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10

P, Radhakrishnan. "Study on Reconstruction Accuracy using shapiness index of morphological transformations." International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology 2, no. 6 (December 31, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijcseit.2012.2601.

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11

Mollard, Régis, Pierre Yves Hennion, and Alex Coblentz. "Morphological Evolution of French Military Personnels." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 38 (July 2000): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403816.

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The survey realized in 1992 on a military population allowed to collect anthropometric data on 688 males and 328 females. Among 73 measurements and 3 index, 26 of them have been retained for the comparison with previous surveys. Generally used for dimensioning human body models these data represent somatic measurements of reference, as weight and stature and segmentary measurements of trunk and limbs. A comparison with previous data, collected on a equivalent military population in 1973, confirms the modifications along the time are so significant that they can be considered as a phenomenon of morphological evolution. Likewise, the modification of the academic levels, average age and socio-cultural structures in the populations are combined to increase the anthropometric variability. It appears the military population presents a morphological modification with an overall increase in weight, stature and correlated dimensions. Otherwise, a light decrease of the cormic index indicates that the morphological transformation influences on the body proportions, with an increase more notable for the lower limbs compared to the trunk. The collected anthropometric information allow to update the Individual Database of ERGODATA from which ergonomie recommendations and statistical and morphological models of the human body can be proposed.

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12

Scarborough, Hollis S. "Index of Productive Syntax." Applied Psycholinguistics 11, no. 1 (March 1990): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400008262.

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ABSTRACTA new method for evaluating the grammatical complexity of preschool natural language corpora is introduced. In the Index of Productive Syntax, occurrences of 56 syntactic and morphological forms are counted, yielding a total score and subscores for noun phrases, verb phrases, questions/negations, and sentence structures. Development of the index and analyses of its reliability and age-sensitivity when applied to language samples of 2- to 4-year-olds are described. Some advantages and limitations of the index as a research and clinical instrument are also discussed.

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13

Yesmin, Tahamida, San San Thwin, Shazia Afrin Urmi, Mar Mar Wai, Pu Fazlin Zaini, and Khairil Azwan. "A Study of Facial Index among Malay Population." Journal of Anthropology 2014 (November 13, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/726974.

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Facial analysis is anthropologically useful to identify the racial, ethnical, and sexual differences. The present study was done to see the sex difference and variation of facial index among Malaysian population. Cross-sectional descriptive type of study was done in Anatomy Department in UniKL RCMP which was performed on 81 Malay people (40 males, 41 females) aged 19–30 years. To measure the morphological parameters (facial height, facial width, and facial index), digital slide calliper and scale were used. There were significant differences found in all facial parameters of males compared with the females. The mean morphological facial height was 111.9 ± 8.4 and morphological facial width was 127.3 ± 8.0. The range of facial index was 67.44–106.90 for males and 75.21–97.99 for females. The total facial index was calculated according to the formula and the results obtained were analyzed statistically using the t-test which was statistically significant (0.003). The dominant phenotype in Malay population was mesoprosopic or round face (45%) and least common face type was hyperleptoprosopic or very long face (5%). There were significant variations in the face index between Malay males and females; further study with large sample size in different races in Malaysia is recommended.

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14

Anjos, Ofélia, António J. A. Santos, Rogério Simões, and Helena Pereira. "Morphological, mechanical, and optical properties of cypress papers." Holzforschung 68, no. 8 (December 1, 2014): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2013-0125.

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Abstract The pulping properties of cypress species are not known and the present paper aims to filling this gap. Namely, Cupressus lusitanica Mill., C. sempervirens L. and C. arizonica Greene have been submitted to kraft pulping and the pulp properties are compared with those of Pinus pinaster Aiton. and P. sylvestris Watereri as references. Schopper Riegler degree, density, Bekk’s smoothness, tensile index, tear index, burst index, stretch, dry zero-span strength, wet zero-span strength, brightness, opacity and light scattering coefficient have been tested. The pulp yields and delignification degrees of cypress woods were lower than those of the pine references. Fibre length, width and coarseness were statistically different between pines and cypress species and C. sempervirens pulps have corresponding data close to those of pine species. Cypress pulps can be refined much faster than pine pulps. The papers sheets of cypress fibres have, in general, lower mechanical performance than those of pine fibres. Papers from C. arizonica and C. lusitanica are similar and C. sempervirens has intermediate properties being between the other cypress and pine species. However, cypress fibres are relatively short, flexible and collapsible and can be refined with low energy demand, and thus could be incorporated into papers resulting in products with better light scattering and smoothness.

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15

Yevstafyeva, V. A., V. V. Melnychuk, О. V. Nikiforova, К. V. Suprunenko, L. N. Korchan, Т. Р. Lokes-Krupka, I. S. Nehrebetskyi, and N. І. Korchan. "Comparative morphology and biology of nematodes of genus Heterakis (Nematoda, Heterakidae), parasites of the domestic goose (Anser anser) in Ukraine." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 9, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021834.

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The genus Heterakis Dujardin, 1845 is one of the most widely distributed genera of nematode parasites of domestic and wild birds. Geographically and ecologically predominant species include Heterakis gallinarum Schrank, 1788 and Heterakis dispar Schrank, 1790. Prevalence and occurrence of these nematodes in the domestic goose (Anser anser dom.) depend on their biological and morphological specifics which ensure the highest viability, fast growth and maximum fertility in the host. This study presents the abundance and species composition of nematodes of the genus Heterakis in the domestic goose in Ukraine. Comparative study of morphological and metrical characteristics of H. gallinarum and H. dispar adult females and males is presented. Additional morphometric characteristics are proposed for easier identification of the two species. Stages and periods of embryonic development of H. gallinarum and H. dispar nematodes obtained from domestic geese are established according to morphological and metrical characters. Of the two species, H. dispar is prevalent in domestic geese from Poltava, Kharkiv and Kyiv regions. Abundance index of this species is 9.8 specimens, and intensity of infection index is up to 62 specimens. H. gallinarum is rarer, its abundance index is 1.2 specimens and maximum intensity of infection is 30 specimens. Species-specific morphological differences are more distinct in male nematodes in the size and structure of the spicules, lateral wing-like protrusions of pseudobursas, numbers and position of tail papillae. Additional metrical characteristics differ between H. gallinarum and H. dispar nematodes, allowing us to identify not only adult specimens but also eggs. Embryonic development of both species occurs in four morphologically distinct stages: protoplast, blastomere cleavage, formation of first and second stage larvae. Eggs of H. gallinarum nematodes become infectious in eight days at 27 °С, eggs of H. dispar in four days, their viability in laboratory culture is 84.3 ± 0.58 and 91.3 ± 1.53% respectively.

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16

Zrnzević, Nevenka, and Toplica Stojanović. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONAL ABILITIES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS." SportLogia 17, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5550/sgia.211701.en.zs.

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The main aim of the study is to establish whether there are any differences in growth and development of functional abilities between boys and girls. For the evaluation of functional abilities, growth and development in students the following parameters have been used: height, body mass, body mass index, vital lung capacity, resting heart rate, active heart rate and modified Harvard step test index. The results of multivariate analysis (MANOVA) have shown that there is no statistically significant difference between male and female students. A statistically significant difference has been found by means of univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) in active hearth rate variables (F=8.36; p=.004) and modified Harvard step test index (F=6.67; p=.011) in favor of male students. Comparing the results obtained in the earlier and recent studies it can be concluded that the current physical exercise program does not produce desired results, furthermore it does not contribute nor does it improve functional abilities of male and female younger elementary school students.

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17

PÉREZ-FARRERA, MIGUEL A., ANDREW P. VOVIDES, CHRISTIAN RUIZ-CASTILLEJOS, SONIA GALICIA, ANGÉLICA CIBRIÁN-JARAMILLO, and SERGIO LÓPEZ. "Anatomy and morphology suggest a hybrid origin of Zamia katzeriana (Zamiaceae)." Phytotaxa 270, no. 3 (August 19, 2016): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.1.

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The validity of Zamia splendens has been debated, mainly as a result of its synonymy under Z. katzeriana. Field explorations have uncovered previously unknown populations, and some do not appear to match the circumscription of Z. katzeriana. Some populations are morphologically more similar to, and often sympatric with, Z. loddigesii. This study aims at clarifying the morphological and anatomical distinction between the three taxa. To study the morphological variation, a total of 88 individuals from four populations were sampled, these spanning the geographical range of the three cycads in southern Mexico. Univariate, principal component and discriminant analyses of 12 vegetative morphological variables were carried out. To study variation in leaflet anatomy, three individuals per population were analysed for nine anatomical variables and their stomatal index. Standard plant histological techniques and bright field light microscopy were used for observations and measurements of leaflet anatomical variables. Both morphological and anatomical variables were analysed by multivariate statistical methods. Principal component and discriminant analyses on both morphological and anatomical variables and the stomatal index have shown a significant difference between the populations (P = <0.0002) with scatter diagram dispersion indicating three distinctive groups, with Z. katzeriana values consistently intermediate between those of Z. splendens and Z. loddigesii. Some individuals of Z. katzeriana have a leaflet morphology and anatomy similar to Z. loddigesii, yet others resemble Z. splendens. The three taxa comprise distinct species and we propose the acceptance of Z. splendens as independent from Z. katzeriana. The intermediate placement of Z. katzeriana in the analyses suggests a hybrid origin with Z. splendens and Z. loddigesii as putative ancestors.

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18

Oda, Taishi, Shigeki Nakajima, and Tsugiharu Sugimura. "Relationships between water quality, morphological factors in river basins, the diversity index and the biotic index." Environmental Technology 12, no. 12 (December 1991): 1147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593339109385115.

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19

Jovanovic, J., D. Jeremic, B. Jovanovic, Maja Vulovic, P. Sazdanovic, Maja Sazdanovic, Neda Ognjanovic, et al. "Nasal morphological characteristics of the Serbian population." Archives of Biological Sciences 66, no. 1 (2014): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1401227j.

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The aim of this study was to determine the nasal parameters in the population of central Serbia and to compare them with those determined in earlier studies in different populations. The research was conducted on 496 randomly selected persons (262 males and 234 females), aged 18-65 years. The measured parameters were nasal height and nasal breadth and the standard spreading caliper with scale was used for measurements. There were significant differences in the nasal parameters between male and female subjects. The nasal breadth was 34.72 mm in females, and in the male population it was 36.7 mm. The mean values of nasal height were 52.6 mm and 54.32 mm in females and males, respectively. The nasal index in females and males was 66.01 and 67.56, respectively, and the mean value of the nasal index of all respondents was 66.78. After conducting the research it was concluded that the dominant nasal type in the population of the central part of Serbia is leptorrhine. The present study showed the existence of sexual dimorphism in nasal morphology. The data obtained in our study may be useful in anthropological and forensic research, as well as in cosmetic planning and reconstructive surgery.

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20

Silva, Danilo Conrado, Maria Clorinda Soares Fioravanti, Paulo José Bastos Queiroz, Marcelo Corrêa da Silva, Sarah Amado Ribeiro, Sabrina Sara Moreira Duarte, Samara Socorro Silva Pereira, Alex Silva da Cruz, Lysa Bernardes Minasi, and Aparecido Divino da Cruz. "Morphological characterization of remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in Central Brazil." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 43, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n1p449.

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This study aimed to carry out the morphological characterization of the remaining specimens of the Curraleiro horse in municipalities of the state of Goiás, Brazil. Forty male horses were evaluated using the age of five years as a criterion. Sixteen linear measurements and 13 zootechnical indices were obtained. Subsequently, the mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and covariances of these measures and indices were obtained using the software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. The measures withers height (WH), croup height (CH), midback height (MH), sternum-to-ground height (SH), chest index (CI), and estimated weight (W) allowed characterizing Curraleiro horses as small-sized, light, and fast, with proportional measures. The dactyl-thoracic index (DTI), body index (BI), conformation index (CFI), load index 1 and 2 (LOI1 and LOI2), and compactness index 1 and 2 (COI1 and COI2) showed that the Curraleiro horse has an intermediate capacity for speed and strength, bearing considerable weight on the back, with saddling aptitude and fast work. These results represent the beginning of the formation of a database that may contribute to future studies and the conservation of the Curraleiro horse in the state of Goiás.

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21

Baharuddin, Mohd Yusof, Sh-Hussain Salleh, Ahmad Hafiz Zulkifly, Muhammad Hisyam Lee, and Alias Mohd Noor. "Morphological Study of the Newly Designed Cementless Femoral Stem." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/692328.

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A morphology study was essential to the development of the cementless femoral stem because accurate dimensions for both the periosteal and endosteal canal ensure primary fixation stability for the stem, bone interface, and prevent stress shielding at the calcar region. This paper focused on a three-dimensional femoral model for Asian patients that applied preoperative planning and femoral stem design. We measured various femoral parameters such as the femoral head offset, collodiaphyseal angle, bowing angle, anteversion, and medullary canal diameters from the osteotomy level to 150 mm below the osteotomy level to determine the position of the isthmus. Other indices and ratios for the endosteal canal, metaphyseal, and flares were computed and examined. The results showed that Asian femurs are smaller than Western femurs, except in the metaphyseal region. The canal flare index (CFI) was poorly correlated (r<0.50) to the metaphyseal canal flare index (MCFI), but correlated well (r=0.66) with the corticomedullary index (CMI). The diversity of the femoral size, particularly in the metaphyseal region, allows for proper femoral stem design for Asian patients, improves osseointegration, and prolongs the life of the implant.

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22

Seybold, C. A., R. B. Grossman, H. Höper, G. Muckel, and D. L. Karlen. "Soil Quality Morphological Index Measured in the 1996 NRI Pilot Study." Soil Horizons 45, no. 3 (2004): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sh2004.3.0086.

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23

Ognerubov, N. A., V. L. Chang, A. V. Blokhin, and G. E. Gumareva. "Proliferative index Ki-67 at non-Hodgkin lymphoma: clinical-morphological features." Tambov University Reports. Series: Natural and Technical Sciences 22, no. 2 (2017): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0198-2017-22-2-297-301.

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24

Wang, C., S. Leng, R. Tan, P. Chai, J. Fam, L. Teo, C. Chin, et al. "517 Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography Based Morphological Index Predicts Coronary Ischemia." Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography 16, no. 4 (July 2022): S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.128.

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25

BONIATIS, I., L. COSTARIDOU, D. CAVOURAS, I. KALATZIS, E. PANAGIOTOPOULOS, and G. PANAYIOTAKIS. "A morphological index for assessing hip osteoarthritis severity from radiographic images." British Journal of Radiology 81, no. 962 (February 2008): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr/61371891.

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26

Kwon, Youan, Kichun Nam, and Yoonhyoung Lee. "ERP index of the morphological family size effect during word recognition." Neuropsychologia 50, no. 14 (December 2012): 3385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.041.

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27

Deng, Xin-Fa. "A tool for the morphological classification of galaxies: the concentration index." Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 13, no. 6 (May 29, 2013): 651–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/13/6/004.

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28

Yue, Chen, Qian Ding, Yang Heng, Sheng-Bo Yu, Jin Gong, Yi-Fei Wang, Chan Li, and Hong-Jin Sui. "Morphological Index of Fetal Cerebral Ventricular Development: A Diagnostic Ultrasound Study." International Journal of Morphology 40, no. 5 (2022): 1308–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022022000501308.

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29

Frizziero, Melissa, Alice Durand, Rodrigo G. Taboada, Elisa Zaninotto, Claudio Luchini, Bipasha Chakrabarty, Valérie Hervieu, et al. "Is the Morphological Subtype of Extra-Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Clinically Relevant?" Cancers 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 4152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13164152.

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Extra-pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (EP-NECs) are lethal cancers with limited treatment options. Identification of contributing factors to the observed heterogeneity of clinical outcomes within the EP-NEC family is warranted, to enable identification of effective treatments. A multicentre retrospective study investigated potential differences in “real-world” treatment/survival outcomes between small-cell (SC) versus (vs.) non-SC EP-NECs. One-hundred and seventy patients were included: 77 (45.3%) had SC EP-NECs and 93 (54.7%) had non-SC EP-NECs. Compared to the SC subgroup, the non-SC subgroup had the following features: (1) a lower mean Ki-67 index (69.3% vs. 78.7%; p = 0.002); (2) a lower proportion of cases with a Ki-67 index of ≥55% (73.9% vs. 88.7%; p = 0.025); (3) reduced sensitivity to first-line platinum/etoposide (objective response rate: 31.6% vs. 55.1%, p = 0.015; and disease control rate; 59.7% vs. 79.6%, p = 0.027); (4) worse progression-free survival (PFS) (adjusted-HR = 1.615, p = 0.016) and overall survival (OS) (adjusted-HR = 1.640, p = 0.015) in the advanced setting. Within the advanced EP-NEC cohort, subgroups according to morphological subtype and Ki-67 index (<55% vs. ≥55%) had significantly different PFS (adjusted-p = 0.021) and OS (adjusted-p = 0.051), with the non-SC subgroup with a Ki-67 index of <55% and non-SC subgroup with a Ki-67 index of ≥55% showing the best and worst outcomes, respectively. To conclude, the morphological subtype of EP-NEC provides complementary information to the Ki-67 index and may aid identification of patients who could benefit from alternative first-line treatment strategies to platinum/etoposide.

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Horn, A. C. M., A. Achaval, and D. M. Zancan. "The annual reproductive cycle of the snail Megalobulimus abbreviatus (Bequaert, 1948) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 65, no. 3 (August 2005): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842005000300011.

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Morphological changes in the sexual organs of the pulmonates were observed throughout a year and correlated with reproductive-cycle periods. Reproductive-organ weights of the snail Megalobulimus abbreviatus were recorded seasonally and gonad sections were analyzed morphologically. The weights were used to obtain the organosomatic index. Mean oocytic diameter and oocytic maturation index were based on gonad sections. It was concluded that M. abbreviatus is an iteroparous snail whose annual reproductive cycle is characterized by mating and egg laying throughout spring and early summer, and also by reproductive system preparation, occurring over the remainder of the summer until the end of winter, for a new breeding season.

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Mrowicka, Blanka, Magdalena Kosińska, and Szczepan Cofta. "Morphological classification of patients with sleep obstructive disturbances." Anthropological Review 66 (June 30, 2003): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.66.07.

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It has been suggested that enlarged values of morphological measurements manifesting obesity intensify the risk of sleep disturbances. The main goal of this work was to find a set of predictor morphometric variables that best distinguish between the mutually exclusive groups of interest, the well and the ill – i.e., those who suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome, and healthy patients. Somatic measurements of 96 males were taken. To analyze the dependencies between the degree of intensity of the studied pathology (oxygen desaturation index) and the values of the somatic measurements, the discriminant function analysis was applied. The use of this method allowed obtaining a set of sleep obstructive disturbance predictors. The correctness of classification into the group of healthy individuals was estimated at 81.4%, while correctness of classification into the group of OSA was estimated at 91.3%. The results showed that somatic measurements could be used as a preliminary index of individuals requiring further examination.

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Mihaylov, R., and K. Kirilov. "Morphological study on hairs from mammalian predators in Bulgaria." Agricultural Science and Technology 14, no. 2 (June 2022): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2022.02.025.

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Abstract. The morphological characteristics of the hairs can be used for species identification in ecological and zoological studies, in forensic and forensic veterinary examinations. Large-scale hairs model is one of the important identification features and can be used as a “fingerprint”. In this study the morphological hairs characteristics of nine Bulgarian carnivore mammals were investigated. The values for the length, total hairs diameter, medullary diameter and medullary index were determined. The combined use of hairs parameters and the medullary index (MI) are a guarantee of greater reliability in species identification. For comparison, we observed under a microscope hairs fixed by transparent tape in order to offer a quick test for species identification

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Valdez-Ojeda, Ruby, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, Margarita Aguilar-Espinosa, Renata Rivera-Madrid, Rodomiro Ortiz, and Carlos F. Quiros. "Assessing Morphological and Genetic Variation in Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) by Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism and Cluster Analysis." HortScience 43, no. 7 (December 2008): 2013–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2013.

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Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is the sole source of bixin, a seed-specific red apocarotenoid pigment used worldwide. Genetic improvement of annatto has focused on increasing bixin content as well as fostering traits that favor higher content such as pod indehiscence and flower color, among others. Eighty-seven samples collected from two separate important agricultural regions of the southeast of Mexico were characterized morphologically and analyzed genetically for the first time. The sequence-related amplified polymorphism was used for genetic analysis. Two-step cluster analysis of the individuals based on morphological traits produced three groups: one containing individuals with desired morphological characteristics and two others with complementary traits. Like the morphological analysis, the genetic analysis indicated high genetic variation, although the dendrogram based on Nei and Li's similarity coefficient showed them to be dispersed by collection site. However, calculated similarity index values indicated all individuals exhibited high genetic variation. The results are an important advance toward a more effective genetic improvement of annatto because crosses between the different morphological and/or genetic groups described here have the potential to produce a recombination of desired traits in hybrid offspring.

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Ghazali, Mursal, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Suripto Suripto, Kurniasih Sukenti, and Nur Indah Julisaniah. "Distribusi dan Analisa Kekerabatan Padina sp dari Perairan Pulau Lombok Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bjib.v9i1.3544.

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Padina sp is a member species of brown macroalgae that produces alginat. In general, Padina sp grows scattered from the intertidal zone to the subtidal zone. The difference in environmental conditions certainly has an impact on the morphological variations of plants, including Padina sp. This study aims to examine the distribution of Padina sp growing in the waters of Lombok Island, as well as the kinship based on morphological characters. Sampling was conducted in 18 locations spread across 3 districts, namely: West Lombok Regency, Central Lombok Regency, and East Lombok Regency. Sampling was carried out at the place where Padina sp was grown in its intact form and was still alive. Furthermore, the obtained Padina sp. Was documented and characterized morphologically. The morphological characterization data were used to calculate the level of equality between chrysanthemum cultivars (OTU) (Matrix Similarity), and to compile dendrograms through cluster analysis using the MVSP 3.1 (Multi Variate Statistical Package Version 3.1) program. The results showed that, of the 18 sampling locations, Padina sp was found in 15 locations. The morphological variation is relatively high, which is divided into 4 major groups. Padina sp from Malimbu is the species with the smallest similarity index.

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Li, S., S. Zhang, and D. Yang. "A FRAMEWORK OF CHANGE DETECTION BASED ON COMBINED MORPHOLOGICA FEATURES AND MULTI-INDEX CLASSIFICATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 13, 2017): 791–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-791-2017.

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Remote sensing images are particularly well suited for analysis of land cover change. In this paper, we present a new framework for detection of changing land cover using satellite imagery. Morphological features and a multi-index are used to extract typical objects from the imagery, including vegetation, water, bare land, buildings, and roads. Our method, based on connected domains, is different from traditional methods; it uses image segmentation to extract morphological features, while the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), the differential water index (NDWI) are used to extract vegetation and water, and a fragmentation index is used to the correct extraction results of water. HSV transformation and threshold segmentation extract and remove the effects of shadows on extraction results. Change detection is performed on these results. One of the advantages of the proposed framework is that semantic information is extracted automatically using low-level morphological features and indexes. Another advantage is that the proposed method detects specific types of change without any training samples. A test on ZY-3 images demonstrates that our framework has a promising capability to detect change.

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Arefpanah, Semko, and Alireza Sharafi. "Calculated the Tectonic Activity of Catchments in the SAQEZ Geomorphology Unit (Iran and Kurdistan) Using Morphometric Indices." Journal of Civil Engineering Frontiers 3, no. 02 (August 25, 2022): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jocef30253.

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Landslides are tectonic and morphological indicators. The Morphotectonics Index is a suitable tool for probability estimation and earthquake planning in the region. Landslides are the most common natural threat in Iran. A sustainable management plan requires landslide hazard zoning planning. Therefore, the estimation of landslide risk in selected areas using the morphological index is the purpose of this study. Rivers are very sensitive to tectonic movements, and river landforms are closely radiated to tectonic movements. The Deformation Tectonic Index was used as a tool to identify new and active structures for these movements. The SAQEZ River Basin is located in the northwest of the country according to its characteristics. Its landform has a high flood capacity and a moderate slope of about 33.01%, resulting in severe erosion and flooding in the area. The purpose of this study was to analyze tectonic activity in the SAQEZ River Basin using remote sensing software and topographic maps and digital elevation models in a GIS environment. In this study, four morphological and structural indices, including river length gradient index (SL), basin shape index (BS), river tortuosity index (Sr), and basin asymmetry factor (Af), were used, and their results were analyzed. An analysis is expressed as the Active Tectonic Index (IAT). According to the survey results, the values of the SL, BS, Sr, and Af indices were 207, 1.09, 1.27, and 66, respectively. The Active Tectonic Index (IAT) shows moderate tectonic activity in the area.

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Bernaola-Paucar, Rosario M., Gelly Clemente Archi, and Melina Luz Vilcapoma Paliza. "Morphological indicators of the quality of five forest species produced in nurseries." Agroindustrial Science 12, no. 2 (August 10, 2022): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2022.02.07.

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The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the morphological indicators in the nursery of five forest species(Pinus radiata, Alnus acuminata, Escallonia resinosa, Buddleja coriaceaand Polylepis incana), in the forest nursery of the E.E.A. “Santa Ana”. The seedlings were produced for seven months in a nursery following the protocols established in the forest nursery of the E.E.A. “Santa Ana”, the morphological variables and quality indices of the seedlings were analyzed using a single-factor design. The results presented a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) among all the variables evaluated. In addition,Buddleja coriaceapresented a greater development in height, leaf volume and leaf dry weight compared to the other forest species, while pine presented a lower development in height and diameter. The best values of the Dickson index, root container index and the robustness index, were presented in quinual and pine. Considering that the quality index predicts with greater accuracy the success of the plantation in the field.

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AMORIM, PHILIPE LIMA DE, JANAINA AZEVEDO MARTUSCELLO, JOSÉ TEODORICO DE ARAÚJO FILHO, DANIEL DE NORONHA FIGUEIREDO VIEIRA DA CUNHA, and LIANA JANK. "MORPHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES." Revista Caatinga 28, no. 3 (September 2015): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252015v28n326rc.

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ABSTRACT: Cultivars of the genus Nopalea are known in Brazil for being tolerant to cochineal carmine attacks, thus making the cultivation of this genus a promising alternative for mitigating the negative effects of this insect on the production of biomass. With the objectives of characterizing morphologically spineless forage cactus varieties and identify morphological characteristics that may be the focus in spineless forage cactus breeding programs, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 11 treatments and four replications. The variety Alagoas showed the highest values of weight, area and volume of cladodes. The varieties Negro Michoacan F7 and V7, Tamazunchale V12 showed the highest values of the cladode area index, the total volume of cladodes and total fresh mass production. The varieties Negro Michoacan V7 and F7 presented the highest water use efficiency and dry mass yield. Cladode volume showed the highest correlation coefficients with the fresh weight of cladodes. Aiming the release of varieties for biomass production, varieties Negro Michoacan F7, V7 and Tamazunchale V12 may substitute the Miúda variety. The number and cladode area index may be used as criteria for selection of superior varieties in breeding programs.

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Gorzel, Małgorzata, Ryszard Kornijów, and Edyta Buczyńska. "Quality of Rivers: Comparison of Hydro-Morphological, Physical-Chemical and Biological Methods." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2018-0007.

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Abstract The study was performed in five fourth-order tributaries of the Bystrzyca Lubelska River (Eastern Poland, Lublin Upland), differing in the degree of river-bed transformation and level of pollution. Hydro-morphological methods (descriptive method by Ilnicki and Lewandowski - IL, and index method by Oglecki and Pawlat - OP) and biological indices based on the composition of zoobenthos (Diversity - D, and index based on proportions between the density of Oligochaeta and Chironomidae - O/Ch) permitted distinguishing of four classes, from II to V. The distinguishing of only two quality classes (III and IV) was possible by means of physical-chemical methods and by benthic index BMWP_PL. Those two methods seem to show the lowest sensitivity to the spatial variability of the environment quality. The BMWP_PL index was the least sensitive to year-to-year environmental changes, and O/Ch was the most sensitive. Relatively high conformity was obtained between hydro-morphological assessments performed by means of the OP and IL methods. Results obtained by means of these tools weakly corresponded with the physical-chemical assessments. The latter assessments were the most similar to those obtained by means of the BMWP_PL (degree of similarity = 57%) and D (47%) indices, and considerably less in the case of O/Ch (36%). The BMWP_PL and D indices better corresponded with the results of the hydro-morphological assessment performed by means of the IL method than with those performed by means of the OP method while D index showed a reverse pattern. The O/CH index proved useful for the assessment of the degree of organic pollution of the river’s water, but not the sediments.

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Purnomo, Purnomo, and Nurul Khotimah. "Variations and Phenetic Analysis of Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Based on Morphological Characteristics." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.39390.

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Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a food commodity that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. At present there has been no analysis of the relationship between peanut cultivars with phenetic methods based on the morphological properties of the plants. Four cultivars of Arachis hypogaea L. Tuban, Talam 1, Talam 2, and Talam 3 used in this research. Morphological characters data was analyzed by description to construct identification key. Similarity index was counted by Simple Matching Coefficient (SSm) formula based on morphological scoring. Cluster analysis was conducted by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Methods using Arithmetic Averages) method to construct dendrogram. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) were performed to defined role of each morphological character in grouping of accessions with MVSP (Multivariate Statistical Program) v. 3.1 software. The dendrogram showed that four cultivars of Arachis hypogaea L. divided into two main clusters, 4 sub-clusters. The similarity index of clusters is 0.85%.

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Weibel, Ewald R. "Morphological Quantitation of Emphysema: A Debate." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 4 (April 2006): 1419–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01301.2005.

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The following series of letters to the editor concerns a recently published morphologic method proposed by Parameswaran and colleagues for sensitive, early detection of emphysema ( J Appl Physiol 100: 186–193, 2006). The validity of the proposed method was critiqued by Ewald Weibel, and, in turn, this critique was rebutted by Parameswaran et al. Additional brief commentaries were contributed by scientists working in the field. Further comments on this important topic are welcome. The following is the abstract of the article discussed in the subsequent letter: The mean linear intercept ( Lm) can be used to estimate the surface area for gas exchange in the lung. However, in recent years it is most commonly used as an index for characterizing the enlargement of airspaces in emphysema and the associated severity of structural destruction in the lung. Specifically, an increase in Lm is thought to result from an increase in airspace sizes. In this paper, we examined how accurately Lm measures the linear dimensions of airspaces from histological sections and a variety of computer-generated test images. To this end, we developed an automated method for measuring linear intercepts from digitized images of tissue sections and calculate Lm as their mean. We examined how the shape of airspaces and the variability of their sizes influence Lm as well as the distribution of linear intercepts. We found that for a relatively homogeneous enlargement of airspaces, Lm was a reliable index for detecting emphysema. However, in the presence of spatial heterogeneities with a large variability of airspace sizes, Lm did not significantly increase and sometimes even decreased compared to its value in normal tissue. We also developed an automated method for measuring the area and computed an equivalent diameter of each individual airspace that is independent of shape. Finally, we introduced new indexes based on the moments of diameter that we found to be more reliable than Lm to characterize airspace enlargement in the presence of heterogeneities.

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FLORINABEL, D. JEMI, S. EBENEZER JULIET, and V. SADASIVAM. "MULTIORIENTATION-BASED MULTISTRUCTURE MORPHOLOGICAL INPAINTING." International Journal of Image and Graphics 11, no. 02 (April 2011): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467811004056.

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A multiorientation-based multistructure morphological inpainting for the recovery of damaged digitized photographs is proposed. As the inpainting order plays a vital role for human visualization, the method is guided by the orientation of edges at the surrounding known regions of the missing (spoiled) domain. The damaged picture is decomposed into its constituent orientation subbands by steerable filters. The subband information is used for reconstructing the regions within the missing part at a particular orientation, as well as for guiding the integration of the reconstructed regions. Subbands having response at the boundary of the missing domain are named as constructive subbands. The damaged regions are morphologically eroded using the structuring elements of corresponding orientations that of the constructive subbands. The resultant image is obtained using winner-takes-all integration. The novelty of our approach is to explicitly specify the direction of filling thereby ensuring ease in convergence in different orientations and then streamlining the integration process to guarantee complete and natural look. Implementation of region-filling through morphological erosion, a noniterative and nonsampling process, makes the method faster than many other traditional texture synthesis inpainting algorithms and it successfully recovers images with better peak signal to noise ratios and structural similarity index even for massive damages.

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Biganova, Svetlana G., Yuri I. Sukhorukikh, Konstantin N. Kulik, and Aleksey K. Kulik. "Morphological Characteristics of Hazel Crowns in Mountain Forests." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-2-59-72.

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Common hazel is valuable for its nutritional and medicinal properties and its ability to provide soil conservation functions. However, the morphological characteristics of this plant have not been studied sufficiently. The research purpose is to identify features of significant morphological characteristics of crowns of nut-bearing hazel plants, to assess the biological diversity of these characteristics at different heights, under the forest canopy and on the glades for further detection of forestry and ecological functions of this plant, and to select ornamental and other economically valuable forms. The nut-bearing hazel plants growing in the mountain forests of the North-Western Caucasus at the altitude of 450–600 and 1,300–1,500 m above the sea level under the forest canopy and on the glades were the objects of the research. We studied the diameters of the central and three largest trunks, the crown and the base of the bush, its height, the number of shoots up to 4 years old and older, the total number of shoots in the bush, the density and shape of the crown. We examined 200 ramets that had entered the fruiting stage. The diversity index was calculated according to the authors’ method (Sukhorukikh-Biganova). At the altitudes of 1,300–1,500 m above the sea level, under better humidification compared to the sites located at the altitude of 450–600 m, hazel has statistically reliable better development of average diameters of the central and three main trunks and crown, higher total number of shoots up to 4 years old and older. Hazel trees have superior crown and bush base diameters, greater number of shoots up to 4 years old and older, the total number of shoots in the bush on the glades in conditions of good light compared to those under the forest canopy. Here the plants are more likely to form bushes with a spreading and thick crown. The upper sites showed a significantly higher diversity index for the average diameter of the three largest trunks of the hazel bush and the highest number of shoots older than 4 years. There is a significantly superior difference in the morphological diversity index for the average diameter of the bush base, the number of shoots up to 4 years old and older, the total number of shoots, and crown density on the glades compared to the sites under the forest canopy. In terms of crown shape, the diversity index is higher under the forest canopy than on the glade. The generalized indices of diversity of quantitative, qualitative and general morphological characteristics of hazel bushes did not differ significantly at different heights, under forest canopy and on the glades.

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Ciccone, Marco Matteo, Vito Miniello, Roberto Marchioli, Pietro Scicchitano, Francesca Cortese, Vincenzo Palumbo, Stefano Giuseppe Primitivo, et al. "Morphological and functional vascular changes induced by childhood obesity." European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 18, no. 6 (March 9, 2011): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741826711398180.

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Background: To investigate endothelial dysfunction and morphological vascular changes in childhood obesity. Methods: 93 overweight/obese children (body mass index 26 ± 5 kg/m2; median 26 kg/m2; interquartile range 22–28 kg/m2), mean age 10.9 ± 2.7 years, underwent a check-up of total, high-density lipoprotein- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell count, together with ultrasound measures of flow-mediated dilatation, carotid intima-media thickness, and anterior-posterior diameter of the abdominal aorta. Results: The body mass index of overweight/obese children had a statistically significant linear relationship ( p < 0.05) with triglycerides, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, carotid intima-media thickness, anterior-posterior diameter of the abdominal aorta, and flow-mediated dilatation values. Conclusions: Overweight/obese children have an initial endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage, i.e., the first stage in the development of atherosclerosis.

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Delazari, Fábio Teixeira, Mariane Gonçalves Ferreira Copati, Gustavo Henrique da Silva, Ronaldo Silva Gomes, Derly José Henriques da Silva, and Carlos Nick. "Morphological and Ecophysiological Indicators for Coriander Under Irrigation Depths and Nitrogen Levels." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 3 (February 15, 2019): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n3p549.

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Nitrogen fertilization and supplying of water are crucial factors for quality and quantity produces of coriander. The objective of this study was to evaluate morphological and ecophysiological characteristics for coriander under five irrigation depths and two doses of nitrogen (N). Experimental layout was completely randomized design in a split plot scheme with five replications. The irrigation depths (plot) was 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The doses of N (subplot) corresponded to 35 and 70 kg ha-1. The cultivation of coriander (“Vedete”) was in a protected environment. The ratio between the aerial part and roots linearly increased with the increment of the irrigation depths and was highest under 70 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. The leaf area index linearly increased with the increment of the irrigation depths at both doses of N. The leaf index of chlorophyll “a” was highest under irrigation depths of 87 and 75% of ETc for 35 and 70 kg ha-1 of N, respectively. The leaf index of chlorophyll “b” decrease linearly with the increase of irrigation depths in both doses of N. The nitrogen use efficiency was maximized with high soil moisture conditions. The water use efficiency decreases linearly with increasing of irrigation depth. The best irrigation depth and nitrogen dose obtained in this study was 125% of ETc and 70 kg/ha. The leaf index of chlorophyll “a” and “b” are important indicators of hydric stress. The leaf index of chlorophyll “b” are negatively correlated with leaf area index. N supply increase the water use efficiency.

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Shriver, W. Gregory, James P. Gibbs, Peter D. Vickery, H. Lisle Gibbs, Thomas P. Hodgman, Peter T. Jones, and Christopher N. Jacques. "Concordance Between Morphological and Molecular Markers in Assessing Hybridization Between Sharp-Tailed Sparrows in New England." Auk 122, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/122.1.94.

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Abstract Hybridization is pivotal in framing ideas about species concepts and has the potential to produce novel genotypes that may serve as starting points for new evolutionary trajectories. Presently, Nelson’s Sharp-tailed Sparrows (Ammodramus nelsoni subvirgatus) and Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows (A. caudacutus caudacutus) are in contact in salt marshes of Maine, New Hampshire, and northern Massachusetts. These two species hybridize, but the extent and direction of introgression has not been determined. We assessed morphological and genetic variation of 123 sharp-tailed sparrows from 5 salt marshes in New England. We used six morphological variables, including a plumage-scoring index, and five mic-rosatellite primers to assess the extent of introgression and to determine whether there was concordance between phenotypic and genotypic variation. We identified apparent hybrids and each of the two sharp-tailed sparrow species using a plumagescoring index. In general, we found that hybrids were more similar morphologically and genetically to Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrows. The alleles of hybrids were 62% Saltmarsh and 38% Nelson’s Sharp-tailed Sparrows, supporting the asymmetrical hybridization hypothesis. Concordancia entre Marcadores Morfológicos y Moleculares al Evaluar la Hibridación entre Ammodramus nelsoni subvirgatus y A. caudacutus caudacutus en Nueva Inglaterra

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Tymoshenko, O. P., O. S. Snopenko, G. A. Papeta, G. V. Vikulina, S. B. Borovkov, and M. I. Korenev. "Morphological characteristics of hair cuticle of clinically healthy domestic cats and dogs." Veterinary science, technologies of animal husbandry and nature management, no. 6 (2020): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31890/vttp.2020.06.16.

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It is known that the typical for animals of different species the nature of the serrations of the free edges of the scales of the hair cuticle, the density of their location and proximity to each other can determine the species of animal hair samples. The aim of the study was to establish the value of the cuticular index in clinically healthy domestic cats and dogs. The area of the outer surface of the scales of the hair cuticle, or cuticular index, was determined in 20 clinically healthy domestic cats and 18 dogs. Examination of the cuticle was performed using prints on a colorless lacquer, which was applied to a glass slide, pressing the hair to the paint layer. The imprint was examined under a microscope (enlargement ×400) and the cuticular index value was established in the root zone, in the thickest part of the hair shaft, expressed in μM2. It was found that in domestic cats and dogs without clinical signs of any pathology, the values of the cuticular index are in the range of 80-170 and 100-210 μM2accordingly. The value of the cuticular index in domestic cats 60-70 μM2 and in dogs 60-90 μM2in 100 % accidents does not meet in healthy animals. The obtained results can be used as a control during diagnostic activities for numerous variants of internal pathology of domestic cats and dogs, as additional diagnostic tests.

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D’Oliveira, Pérsio Sandir, Letícia Sayuri Suzuki, Jailton da Costa Carneiro, Juarez Campolina Machado, Jader Forquim Prates, and João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho Rocha. "Use of SPAD index in elephant grass pre-breeding." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. 3 (April 7, 2020): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n3p1047.

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The SPAD-502 (Soil Plant Analysis Development) chlorophyll meter is a simple diagnostic tool that instantly measures the chlorophyll content of plant leaves without damaging the leaf blade. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the SPAD index as a tool for discriminating elephant grass acessions from different morphological groups. One hundred genotypes of the elephant grass Pennisetum purpureum from the Active Germplasm Bank at Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Minas Gerais, Brazil were evaluated. Following uniform cutting, six SPAD readings were taken from each accession every 60 days. Measurements were taken for two years. The experimental design was a 10 × 10 simple lattice with two replications. Joint deviance analysis for six SPAD measurements revealed great genetic variability between genotypes. SPAD values of Cameroon and Napier accessions were, on average, significantly different. The SPAD index was effective in detecting genetic variability between elephant grass acessions. However, it should not be used alone as a morphological descriptor, but in combination with other descriptors.

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Lv, Nan, Ying Yu, Jinyu Xu, Christof Karmonik, Jianmin Liu, and Qinghai Huang. "Hemodynamic and morphological characteristics of unruptured posterior communicating artery aneurysms with oculomotor nerve palsy." Journal of Neurosurgery 125, no. 2 (August 2016): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.jns15267.

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OBJECT Unruptured posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms with oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) have a very high risk of rupture. This study investigated the hemodynamic and morphological characteristics of intracranial aneurysms with high rupture risk by analyzing PCoA aneurysms with ONP. METHODS Fourteen unruptured PCoA aneurysms with ONP, 33 ruptured PCoA aneurysms, and 21 asymptomatic unruptured PCoA aneurysms were included in this study. The clinical, morphological, and hemodynamic characteristics were compared among the different groups. RESULTS The clinical characteristics did not differ among the 3 groups (p > 0.05), whereas the morphological and hemodynamic analyses showed that size, aspect ratio, size ratio, undulation index, nonsphericity index, ellipticity index, normalized wall shear stress (WSS), and percentage of low WSS area differed significantly (p < 0.05) among the 3 groups. Furthermore, multiple comparisons revealed that these parameters differed significantly between the ONP group and the asymptomatic unruptured group and between the ruptured group and the asymptomatic unruptured group, except for size, which differed significantly only between the ONP group and the asymptomatic unruptured group (p = 0.0005). No morphological or hemodynamic parameters differed between the ONP group and the ruptured group. CONCLUSIONS Unruptured PCoA aneurysms with ONP demonstrated a distinctive morphological-hemodynamic pattern that was significantly different compared with asymptomatic unruptured PCoA aneurysms and was similar to ruptured PCoA aneurysms. The larger size, more irregular shape, and lower WSS might be related to the high rupture risk of PCoA aneurysms.

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AKBAR, F., G. SUBKHAN, Z. ALI, M. ALI, B. ALI, K. KHAN, S. ALI, et al. "EVALUATION OF STRESS SELECTION INDICES FOR MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN BREAD WHEAT." SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 54, no. 5 (December 31, 2022): 1016–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2022.54.5.5.

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The research carried out under irrigated conditions during 2017–2018 estimated stress selection indices for morphological studies in wheat. Twenty wheat genotypes along with two checks (Pakhtunkhwa-2015 and Pirsabak-13) planted at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak Nowshera, Pakistan, had two sowing dates, i.e., regular plantation made on 24 November and late plantation on 25 December 2017, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nine stress tolerance indices, viz., tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), harmonic mean (HM), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress intensity (SI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield index (YI), and yield stability index (YSI) served as the basis for computation on each trait and every genotype under stress and non-stress conditions. Grain yield demonstrated a positive relationship with MP, GMP, HM, and STI under stress and non-stress conditions, which can serve as a better indicator for testing tolerant wheat genotypes. Overall, the maximum value of MP, HM, GMP, and STI, for days to heading displayed in genotype CDRI-PV-1: 113.00, 112.12, 112.56, 1.30; days to maturity in genotype PS-28 with 151.00, 149.24, 150.11, 1.28; for plant height in genotype PS-28 with 108.00, 107.94, 107.88, 1.27: for grain yield in cultivar PS-34 with 3983.89, 3958.96, 3934.18, 2.25, and for biological yield in genotype PS-23 with 11250.00, 10999.44, 10754.46, and 1.80, which specify that they are most stable and tolerant genotypes across both the planting conditions. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for most traits. Based on stress selection indices and mean performance in this experiment, PS-23, PS-33, PS-34, and PS-28 genotypes showed the best performance, and genotype Inq-91/FS(f8) resulted as the most stable performance and tolerance in stress conditions compared with other genotypes in stress selection indices. These genotypes could be beneficial in future wheat breeding programs to enhance the grain yield stability in bread wheat.

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