Статті в журналах: "Morphogenese quaternaire"

1

Limondin-Lozouet, Nicole, and Pierre Antoine. "Tufs calcaires et travertins quaternaires : morphogenèse, biocénoses, paléoclimats et implantations paléolithiques." Quaternaire, no. 17/2 (June 1, 2006): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.720.

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Limondin-Lozouet, Nicole, and Pierre Antoine. "Tufs calcaires et travertins quaternaires : morphogenèse, biocénoses, paléoclimats et implantations paléolithiques." Quaternaire, no. 17/4 (December 1, 2006): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.879.

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3

Sivan, Olivier, and Cécile Miramont. "Les variations temporelles et spatiales de la morphogenèse postglaciaire des fonds de vallons sud-alpins. L’exemple du bassin versant du Drouzet (Hautes-Alpes, France)." Quaternaire, no. 19/3 (September 1, 2008): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.4152.

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4

Wuscher, Patrice, and Annie Pezin. "Morphogenèse de la vallée du Tech à Amélie‑les‑Bains (Pyrénées-Orientales) durant l’Holocène et évolution des versants jusqu’à la fin de l’Âge du Bronze." Quaternaire, no. 21/4 (December 1, 2010): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.5687.

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Gonnet, Adrien, Cécilia Cammas, and François Coupard. "Interactions Homme / Environnement depuis le Néolithique : impacts anthropiques sur la morphogenèse colluviale en contexte de pied de versant à Mareuil‑le‑Port (Grand Est, Marne)." Quaternaire, no. 32/2 (June 1, 2021): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.15800.

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6

Dumas, Bernard. "Les problèmes chronologiques de la morphogenèse méditerranéenne au quaternaire moyen (Time scale and dates problems of the mediterranean middle quaternary)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 63, no. 1 (1986): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1986.1317.

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7

Pereira, P., and A. Bento Gonçalves. "Vestiges of the Quaternary glaciation in Cabreira Montain (North-West Portugal)." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies, no. 4 (December 26, 2001): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30893/eq.v0i4.41.

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ln the north-west of Portugal, the quaternary glaciation hadn't only reached the mountains of Gerês and Peneda. Also in Cabreira mountain, southward and with low altitude, forms and deposits with origin in the quaternary cold are remarked, even than in a smaller number and of a smaller dimension. This article tries to point out the sheltered character of the glaciation in the culminant massif of Cabreira mountain, as well as to distinguish the two kinds of landscapes present there, derived from an intense gelifraction (slopes with cryoclastic debris) and from glacial morphogenesis.

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8

Oliveira, Marcelo Accioly Teixeira de, and Janaina Carla Santos. "GPR STRATIGRAPHY AND QUATERNARY MORPHOGENESIS IN THE SEMIARID BRAZIL." Mercator 19, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4215/10.4215/rm2019.e18027.

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9

Séranne, Michel, Hubert Camus, Francis Lucazeau, Jocelyn Barbarand, and Yves Quinif. "Polyphased uplift and erosion of the Cévennes (southern France). An example of slow morphogenesis." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 173, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/173.2.97.

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Abstract The Cévennes are bordering the French Massif Central and the Gulf of Lion margin. The morphogenesis of this area results from an interaction between deep-seated and superficial processes, whose origin and timing is still discussed. We attempt a reconstruction of the surrection and erosion history of the area through a multidisciplinary approach including geology, geomorphology, thermochronology and geochronology. Thermochronology shows that the Cévennes basement underwent some 2 km denudation in mid-Cretaceous time. Analyses of the sediments preserved on uplifted surfaces and in peripheral sedimentary basins indicate a differential surface uplift of the Cevennes, of the surrounding calcareous plateaus, and of the coastal plain, that occurred in several stages during the Tertiary. Early Miocene rifting of the Gulf of Lion margin and opening of the NW Mediterranean drastically modified the drainage network. Geomorphology analyses of the incised rivers and karst network suggest that most of the incision results from uplift that occurred sometime in the Serravalian-Tortonian interval. U/Th dating of calcite concretions in karsts allows to chronologically bracket the formation of some fluvial terraces, and to find very low incision rates during the Pleistocene. Most of the morphogenesis predates the Quaternary. This ongoing study shows an example of polyphased and very slow morphogenesis, with present-day landscape including elements as old as Cretaceous.

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10

Gentili, Bernardino, Gilberto Pambianchi, Domenico Aringoli, Marco Materazzi, and Marco Giacopetti. "Pliocene –Pleistocene geomorphological evolution of the Adriatic side of Central Italy." Geologica Carpathica 68, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2017-0001.

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Abstract This work is a significant contribution to knowledge of the Quaternary and pre-Quaternary morphogenesis of a wide sector of central Italy, from the Apennine chain to the Adriatic Sea. The goal is achieved through a careful analysis and interpretation of stratigraphic and tectonic data relating to marine and continental sediments and, mostly, through the study of relict limbs of ancient landscapes (erosional surfaces shaped by prevailing planation processes). The most important scientific datum is the definition of the time span in which the modelling of the oldest morphological element (the “summit relict surface”) occurred: it started during Messinian in the westernmost portion and after a significant phase during middle-late Pliocene, ended in the early Pleistocene. During the middle and late Pleistocene, the rapid tectonic uplift of the area and the climate fluctuations favoured the deepening of the hydrographic network and the genesis of three orders of fluvial terraces, thus completing the fundamental features of the landscape. The subsequent Holocene evolution reshaped the minor elements, but not the basic ones.

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11

Menkovic, Ljubomir. "Eolian relief of southeast Banatian." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 93, no. 4 (2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1304001m.

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During the Quaternary, eolian processes had dominantly morphological importance in shaping of southeastern Banat. In morphology of this region, therefore, dominates loess plains, Zagajica's ridge and Deliblato and Banatian dune field. About the genesis of loess plains, Zagajica's ridge and Deliblato dune field are different, very often opposite opinions. Meanwhile, during the geomorphologic mapping of Vojvodina, at the end of nineties years of last century and at the beginning of 21st century, the author of this paper came to new conclusions, so he explains his opinion about relief of southeastern Banat. Special attention was paid on morphology and morphogenesis of Deliblato dunes field and Zagajica's ridge.

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12

Braillard, L. "Remplissages quaternaires et paléohydrologie des vallées sèches d’Ajoie (Jura tabulaire, Suisse)." Geographica Helvetica 64, no. 3 (September 30, 2009): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-64-148-2009.

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Abstract. Le Jura tabulaire d’Ajoie est caractérisé par la présence de nombreuses vallées sèches. Afin de préciser leur morphogenèse, une étude multidisciplinaire a été conduite lors des travaux de prospection archéologique le long de l’autoroute A16 (Braillard 2006). La section transversale des vallées sèches, en forme de U, laissait supposer la présence de dépôts quaternaires en profondeur. Un remplissage de 2 à 10 m d’épaisseur a effectivement été mis au jour. L’étude stratigraphique détaillée de ce remplissage a permis une subdivision chronostratigraphique des dépôts en 10 ensembles (E1-E10): une couche très argileuse (E10) interprétée comme un horizon argilique éémien remanié, ou comme une altérite plus ancienne, est localement préservée sur le bedrock karstifié. Des graviers fluviatiles (E9, E5) constituent systématiquement la base du comblement. Ils témoignent d’un système de drainage fossile actif probablement durant le Glaciaire ancien weichsélien (SI 5), ainsi qu’au Pléniglaciaire supérieur (SI 2). Une nappe de solifluxion (E8), attribuée au Pléniglaciaire inférieur (SI 4), a été trouvée en pied de pente. Des loess (E6/7) datés par OSL du Plénigla ciaire moyen (SI 3) sont intercalés entre les graviers E9 et E5. Une partie de ces loess (E4) a été remaniée et altérée durant le Tardiglaciaire et l’Holocène ancien. Finalement, quatre épisodes fluviatiles ont été repérés dans l’enregistrement sédimentaire holocène (E1 à E3). Leur corrélation avec des périodes de hauts niveaux des lacs jurassiens (Magny 2004) suggère qu’un contrôle climatique (augmentation des précipitations) est à l’origine de ces reprises temporaires de l’écoulement superficiel.

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13

Stern, David L., and Nicolás Frankel. "The structure and evolution of cis -regulatory regions: the shavenbaby story." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1632 (December 19, 2013): 20130028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0028.

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In this paper, we provide a historical account of the contribution of a single line of research to our current understanding of the structure of cis -regulatory regions and the genetic basis for morphological evolution. We revisit the experiments that shed light on the evolution of larval cuticular patterns within the genus Drosophila and the evolution and structure of the shavenbaby gene. We describe the experiments that led to the discovery that multiple genetic changes in the cis -regulatory region of shavenbaby caused the loss of dorsal cuticular hairs (quaternary trichomes) in first instar larvae of Drosophila sechellia . We also discuss the experiments that showed that the convergent loss of quaternary trichomes in D. sechellia and Drosophila ezoana was generated by parallel genetic changes in orthologous enhancers of shavenbaby . We discuss the observation that multiple shavenbaby enhancers drive overlapping patterns of expression in the embryo and that these apparently redundant enhancers ensure robust shavenbaby expression and trichome morphogenesis under stressful conditions. All together, these data, collected over 13 years, provide a fundamental case study in the fields of gene regulation and morphological evolution, and highlight the importance of prolonged, detailed studies of single genes.

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14

Soares, António Ferreira. "As unidades pliocénicas e quaternárias no espaço do Baixo Mondego (uma perspectiva de ordem)." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies, no. 2 (December 31, 1999): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30893/eq.v0i2.5.

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Pliocene and Quaternary Units in the Lower Mondego (Portugal) — The analysis of the relations betweenthe quaternary deposits in the Baixo Mondego, as well as their individualisation from others considered asPliocene, still suffer from insufficient reference marks necessary to guarantee equivalencies. The limitis now considered to be in the concert of the Cruz de Morouços Complex, where the Antanhol Formation(= Barracão Group, Upper Pliocene) and the Espírito Santo Conglomerate, equivalent to the GordosConglomerate (Lower Pleistocene), succeed to each other. From the Pleistocene assemblage andbeside the deposits directly associated to the evolution of Mondego (Ameal-Santo Varão and Tentugal-Gabrielos deposits), the deposits revealing upper littoral environments stand out, as the ArazedeSandstone, the Quiaios Sandstone, others deposits directly related with the Cabo Mondego morphogenesis,the Farol Deposits, fossiliferous and possibly from the Lower to Middle Pleistocene and theMurtinheira Deposits from the Upper Pleistocene. In turn the Condeixa Tuffs, with an accommodationspace of 24 Km2 , show an ordered succession of facies (Conglomerates — Cg; yellow mud — Pa, tuffs— Ta and Tc; grey mud with Lymnea — Pc) and an extended age from the Pleistocene (with Elephasantiquus and Hippopotamus incognitus in the base) possibly around the 400 Ka, to the Holocene (faciesPc with roman archaeological remains).

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15

Lipar, Matej, Uroš Stepišnik, and Mateja Ferk. "Multiphase breakdown sequence of collapse doline morphogenesis: An example from Quaternary aeolianites in Western Australia." Geomorphology 327 (February 2019): 572–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.11.031.

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16

Braillard, L., and M. Mauvilly. "Morphogenesis of the Sarine canyon in the Plateau Molasse, Switzerland : new data from an archaeological site." Geographica Helvetica 63, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-63-181-2008.

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Abstract. The 50 to 100 metre deep canyon of the Sarine River that develops north of the prealpine front in the Molasse Plateau is classically attributed to postglacial erosion. However, the discovery of a Mesolithic archaeological site (~ 8600 years cal. BP), located at the bottom of the gorge five metres above the actual river bed, has evident implications for the canyons morphogenesis. This new chronological datum indicates that most of the canyon was already formed 8600 years ago, and that only five metres of Molasse have eroded since that time. This implies a dramatically high erosion rate during Late Glacial to early Holocene times 0.9 to 1.48 cm/ year) and, consequently, a very low erosion rate since the Atlantic period approximately 0.06 cm/ year). These new archaeological and geological findings offer exciting perspectives for Quaternary research.

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17

Ivanik, O., L. Tustanovska, D. Kravchenko, and K. Hadiatska. "ADAPTATION OF THE METHOD OF STRUCTURAL-MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS TO THE GIS ENVIRONMENT FOR PALEOGEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE KANIV DNIEPER." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 2 (89) (2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.89.01.

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Kaniv Dnieper area is a unique region that has evolved through the Neogene-Quaternary phase. The application of geological and geomorphological methods, remote sensing data and GIS made it possible to identify the genetic relationship between the processes of geomorphogenesis and tectogenesis within the Kaniv Dnieper region, to build a number of geological and geomorphological models. The methodology of structural-morphometric analysis is adapted to the GIS and the process of cartometric constructions is automated. An algorithm for creating order maps of valleys and basal surfaces has been developed. Basal surfaces are complex surfaces that combine local erosion bases and express the total movements of the earth's crust over various time intervals. A study of the morphogenesis and tectogenesis of the territory of the Kaniv Dnieper region showed that the neotectonic movements within this region had a differentiated character. Five stages of tectonic evolution were determined during the Neogene-Quaternary stage of its development. Hypsometry of basic surfaces of five orders was investigated, and a detailed comparison of the morphology of single-order surfaces has been made. On the basis of the obtained data on the nature of the surfaces, absolute and relative elevations, the nature of the isobasite pattern, the geomorphological structure of each stage has been analyzed in detail. The conducted studies revealed a regular relationship between the relief and tectonics.

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18

Roux, Yannick Le, and Loïc Pagès. "Réaction géotropique des différents types de racines chez l'hévéa (Hevea brasiliensis)." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 1910–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-228.

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To describe the different types of geotropic reactions of hevea (Hevea brasiliensis), young seedlings were cultivated in root observation boxes and submitted to a double gravistimulation (90° rotation of the minirhizotrons in the vertical plane). It was demonstrated that the taproot is a strongly orthogeotropie organ since it resumed rapidly its prestimulation vertical position. Morphological and morphogenetic modifications were associated with the geotropic response: reduced speed of growth coupled with a reduction of the apical diameter as well as an alteration of ramification density in the curving zone and the following one. Early secondary roots showed a somewhat reduced orthogeotropism that was weaker as the growth direction before gravistimulation was more distant from the vertical. Secondary roots of the acropetal sequence were semiplagiotropic, that is only those roots oriented upward after the gravistimulation resumed, more or less, the original direction. Tertiary roots didn't respond to the gravistimulation and therefore were ageotropic. Complementary observations conducted in large laboratory rhizotrons showed that late forming secondary roots were plagiotropic in their younger stages, thereafter loosing most of their sensitivity to gravity. Quaternary roots were ageotropic. On the basis of these data, a geotropic gradient was defined within the hevea root system, where the strongly responding taproot and late secondary roots are opposed to the weakly or nonresponding tertiary and quaternary roots. Functional significations of these differential geotropic reactions in different hevea root types are discussed. Keywords: geotropism, gravistimulation, root system, growth, development, morphogenesis, root observation box, Hevea brasiliensis. [Journal translation]

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19

Rachmansyah, Arief, *, Ardian Baroto, and Ika Meisy Putri Rahmawati. "Pemetaan Bahaya Longsor Dengan Metode Analitycal Hierarchy Process di Arjuno Welirang, Jawa Timur." Rekayasa Sipil 15, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2021.015.01.10.

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Indonesia has enormous geothermal potential because most of Indonesia's territory is located in an active volcano route. One of the challenges in developing geothermal energy is that its location is located on the slopes of a Quaternary Volcanoes which is suceptible to landslides. The purpose of the research that has been carried out is to determine the distribution of landslide-hazard areas on the western slopes of the Arjuno-Welerang Volcano. The analysis was performed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method based on morphological, geological and structural geological parameters. Geomorphological mapping was carried out by contour map analysis, then classified based on morphometry and morphogenesis. Geological mapping uses the principle of volcanostratigraphy, while mapping of geological structures is done by analyzing contour maps made by Digital Evalation Model and field checking. The high and very high landslide hazard zones are scattered along the fault zone, while the very high landslide hazard areas are located in the ancient crater valleys.

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20

Larsen, B., and L. T. Andersen. "Late Quaternary stratigraphy and morphogenesis in the Danish eastern North Sea and its relation to onshore geology." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84, no. 2 (July 2005): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600023003.

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AbstractGeological structures and Late Quaternary stratigraphy of the shallow subsurface along the southernmost Danish North Sea coast have been investigated using seismic data and shallow boreholes. A large-scale glaciotectonic thrust complex has been mapped in an area of 15 km by 40 km in the Fanø Bugt area. The affected succession consists of Neogene and Quaternary sediments deformed down to a depth of 200 – 360 m. A kineto-stratigraphic correlation to onshore glaciotectonic deformation suggests that the deformation took place during a westward advance stage of the Late Saalian (Warthe) glaciation. The western limit of the glaciotectonic structures constitutes an N-S striking deformation front situated 35 km off the west coast. Based on the glacial stratigraphy outside the deformation front, it is suggested that the same ice advance that caused the glaciotectonic deformation, eroded the top of the thrust sheets, and subsequently deposited a lower unit of meltwater sediments and an upper heterogenous glacigenic unit. The upper glacigenic unit forms a bank about 30 km offshore. Between the bank and the shore, the surface of the Saalian glacial landscape forms a wide depression ca. 50 m below sea level. This basin has controlled deposition in the area since the late Saalian and is filled with sediments of late Saalian, Eemian, Weichselian and Holocene age. The base of the Holocene marine deposits is thus a flat erosional surface extending eastward several kilometres below the onshore coastal areas and the northern Wadden Sea. This surface was transgressed 8800 years ago. An inverted, in plan view T-shaped, Holocene sand accumulation approximately 25 km long, 30 km wide and 15 – 25 m thick is situated on top of this surface at Blåvands Huk. According to recent estimates by the Danish Coastal Protection Board some 2.5 million m3 sediments are supplied annually to the system from the north. In the last 3000 years, 25 km of the west coast and the associated shoreface slope have prograded ca. 3 km towards the west forming a barrier spit complex. Large aeolian dunes and cover sands now conceal the spit complex. Extending twenty km west of Blåvands Huk is a highly dynamic bank, the Inner Horns Rev, with active sand-accumulation on the slopes. The Inner Horns Rev bank has grown ca. 3.5 km westward during the last 800 years. The deposits seem to be sourced by the coastal longshore sand transport from the north. The Outer Horns Rev was previously assumed to be a Saalian terminal moraine. However, this investigation reveals that it is also mainly a Holocene marine accumulation landform, but sourced from the west. Other sand accumulations, which are situated 20 – 30 km west of the coast, are probably sourced from both the south and the west.

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21

Golunova, L., V. Kuryata, and S. Kobak. "EFFECT OF MEZORHIZOBIUM CICERY STRAIN AND CHLORMEQUAT CHLORIDE ON MORPHOGENESIS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CHICKPEA PLANTS." BIOLOGY & ECOLOGY 7, no. 1 (October 29, 2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2021.7.1.243419.

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The effect of strain Mezorhyzobium cicery MS 285 and that of the strain combined with preparation of the quaternary ammonium class retardant -chlormequat chloride on the culture of Triumph chickpea were studied in the field experiment. The positive effect of the strain Mezorhyzobium cicery in complex with synthetic growth inhibitor chlormequat chloride (used in the budding phase of the culture) on the morphometric parameters and crop capacity of Cicer arietinum was established. It was found that both the strain and the retardant against inoculation background of Mezorhyzobium cicery led to a change in the habitus of experimental plants. There was also observed increase of total leaf area in the conditioned plants on account of the additional leaf shooting that enabled more essential donor sphere formation. This enhanced better crop capacity of the plants and positively influenced the yield. At the end of vegetation there was ndicated an increase of nitrogen and potassium contents in the seeds under the effect of both the strain of Mezorhyzobium cicery and the integrated use of the preparations. There was a simultaneous decrease in the amount of sugars in the variants with growth regulators ( the strain of Mezorhyzobium cicery MC 285 ; the strain of Mezorhyzobium cicery MC 285 + chlormequat chloride). The most productive option proved to be in the variant with integrated application of the strain and retardant.

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22

Roznowski, Aaron P., та Bentley A. Fane. "Structure-Function Analysis of the ϕX174 DNA-Piloting Protein Using Length-Altering Mutations". Journal of Virology 90, № 17 (29 червня 2016): 7956–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00914-16.

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ABSTRACTAlthough the ϕX174 H protein is monomeric during procapsid morphogenesis, 10 proteins oligomerize to form a DNA translocating conduit (H-tube) for penetration. However, the timing and location of H-tube formation are unknown. The H-tube's highly repetitive primary and quaternary structures made it amenable to a genetic analysis using in-frame insertions and deletions. Length-altered proteins were characterized for the ability to perform the protein's three known functions: participation in particle assembly, genome translocation, and stimulation of viral protein synthesis. Insertion mutants were viable. Theoretically, these proteins would produce an assembled tube exceeding the capsid's internal diameter, suggesting that virions do not contain a fully assembled tube. Lengthened proteins were also used to test the biological significance of the crystal structure. Particles containing H proteins of two different lengths were significantly less infectious than both parents, indicating an inability to pilot DNA. Shortened H proteins were not fully functional. Although they could still stimulate viral protein synthesis, they either were not incorporated into virions or, if incorporated, failed to pilot the genome. Mutant proteins that failed to incorporate contained deletions within an 85-amino-acid segment, suggesting the existence of an incorporation domain. The revertants of shortened H protein mutants fell into two classes. The first class duplicated sequences neighboring the deletion, restoring wild-type length but not wild-type sequence. The second class suppressed an incorporation defect, allowing the use of the shortened protein.IMPORTANCEThe H-tube crystal structure represents the first high-resolution structure of a virally encoded DNA-translocating conduit. It has similarities with other viral proteins through which DNA must travel, such as the α-helical barrel domains of P22 portal proteins and T7 proteins that form tail tube extensions during infection. Thus, the H protein serves as a paradigm for the assembly and function of long α-helical supramolecular structures and nanotubes. Highly repetitive in primary and quaternary structure, they are amenable to structure-function analyses using in-frame insertions and deletions as presented herein.

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23

Wenzens, E., and G. Wenzens. "The influence of tectonics, sea-level fluctuations and river capture on the quaternary morphogenesis of the semi-arid Pulpi Basin (southeast Spain)." CATENA 30, no. 4 (October 1997): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0341-8162(97)00016-7.

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24

Vieira, Gonçalo Teles, Miguel Ramos, and Jorge Gárate. "Detailed geomorphological mapping with Kinematic GPS. Examples from Livingston Island, Antarctic." Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies, no. 4 (December 26, 2001): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30893/eq.v0i4.35.

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The detailed geomorphological mapping of landforms and deposits is widespread in Quaternary geomorphology studies. It consists on the precise representation of the spatial position of geomorphological information and their characterization (e.g. topography, hydrology, morphometry, morphography, morphogenesis,morphochronology and morphodynamics) in large-scale maps (usually 1:5,000 to 1:25,000).The data is collectcd using both remote sensing (aerial photo interpretation, satellite images, etc.) and detailed field surveys. However, in areas without topographic maps, or where the scale of the existing is too small, it becomes very difficult, or even impossible to make a detailed geomorphological survey. But even in areas with good topographic data, the precise location of small or very irregular landforms and deposits is frequently difficult. The recent development of high precision GPS (Global Positioning System) allows the cartographic produclion with an accuracy that could only be achieved using traditional geodetic surveys. The main advantage is the much raster working procedure and direct data storage in a digital format. The later can easily be integrated in a Geographical lnlormation System. The installation of a Kynematic GPS in the Spanish Antartic Station (Livingston Island, South Shetlands) in the Austral summer of 1999-2000, made its use possible in the framework of the geomorphological survey that was being conducted at lhe time. ln this paper the application of the Kynematic GPS system is explained and two examples of detailed geomorphological maps at the scale 1:5,000 produced using this technique are presented.

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25

Kusznerczuk, Marta. "On the Quaternary morphogenesis of the Bug river valley near Janów Podlaski." Annales UMCS, Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia 63, no. 1 (January 1, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10066-008-0005-x.

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Raynal, René. "Observations sur le Quaternaire continental et sa morphogenèse dans le Sud el dans le Centre du Portugal." Finisterra 14, no. 28 (December 13, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.18055/finis2229.

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Campos, Jackson C. F., Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer, João Carlos Ker, Allaoua Saadi, and Manoel Ricardo de Albuquerque Filho. "GÊNESE E MICROPEDOLOGIA DE SOLOS DO MÉDIO JEQUITINHONHA, DE TURMALINA A PEDRA AZUL, MG." Geonomos, July 1, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18285/geonomos.v5i1.188.

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The pedogenesis and micropedology of seven selected soils from the mid-Jequitinhonha Valley werecharacterized, aiming to identify properties associated with the distribution of soils in the landscape. Podzolswere found on the top of the upper planation surface, closely associated with quartzite and its weatheringproducts. In the bottom of the tectonic depression which forms the mid-valley, soils with low cation exchangecapacity (CEC), low clay activity and presence of stony pavement are found, suggesting a change frompast, humid climate to present-day semi-arid climate. Kaolinitic soils with low Fe-oxides content undersuch regime are thought to represent relicts of former humid climates, being correlatable to the typicalYellow Latosols from the coastal tablelands (tabuleiros). In the ill-drained Quaternary plains, soils withhigher sodium contents are found, indicating the imperfect leaching under the present climatic condition.On the top of the regional, late Tertiary surface, deep Latosols occur, associated with saprolites of variouslithologies and Tertiary sediments derived from the erosion of these paleoweathering profiles. In all soils,some micropedological features confirm the polygenetic nature of the soils and landscape of the mid-Jequitinhonha, where either morphogenesis or pedogenesis have dominated, depending on climate,lithological control and tectonic activity .

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Kuang, Wenhua, Huanyu Zhang, Manli Wang, Ning-Yi Zhou, Fei Deng, Hualin Wang, Peng Gong, and Zhihong Hu. "Three Conserved Regions in Baculovirus Sulfhydryl Oxidase P33 Are Critical for Enzymatic Activity and Function." Journal of Virology 91, no. 23 (September 13, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01158-17.

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ABSTRACT Baculoviruses encode a conserved sulfhydryl oxidase, P33, which is necessary for budded virus (BV) production and multinucleocapsid occlusion-derived virus (ODV) formation. Here, the structural and functional relationship of P33 was revealed by X-ray crystallography, site-directed mutagenesis, and functional analysis. Based on crystallographic characterization and structural analysis, a series of P33 mutants within three conserved regions, i.e., the active site, the dimer interface, and the R127-E183 salt bridge, were constructed. In vitro experiments showed that mutations within the active site and dimer interface severely impaired the sulfhydryl oxidase activity of P33, while the mutations in the salt bridge had a relatively minor influence. Recombinant viruses containing mutated P33 were constructed and assayed in vivo. Except for the active-site mutant AXXA, all other mutants produced infectious BVs, although certain mutants had a decreased BV production. The active-site mutant H114A, the dimer interface mutant H227D, and the salt bridge mutant R127A-E183A were further analyzed by electron microscopy and bioassays. The occlusion bodies (OBs) of mutants H114A and R127A-E183A had a ragged surface and contained mostly ODVs with a single nucleocapsid. The OBs of all three mutants contained lower numbers of ODVs and had a significantly reduced oral infectivity in comparison to control virus. Crystallographic analyses further revealed that all three regions may coordinate with one another to achieve optimal function of P33. Taken together, our data revealed that all the three conserved regions are involved in P33 activity and are crucial for virus morphogenesis and peroral infectivity. IMPORTANCE Sulfhydryl oxidase catalyzes disulfide bond formation of substrate proteins. P33, a baculovirus-encoded sulfhydryl oxidase, is different from other cellular and viral sulfhydryl oxidases, bearing unique features in tertiary and quaternary structure organizations. In this study, we found that three conserved regions, i.e., the active site, dimer interface, and the R127-E183 salt bridge, play important roles in the enzymatic activity and function of P33. Previous observations showed that deletion of p33 results in a total loss of budded virus (BV) production and in morphological changes in occlusion-derived virus (ODV). Our study revealed that certain P33 mutants lead to occlusion bodies (OBs) with a ragged surface, decreased embedded ODVs, and reduced oral infectivity. Interestingly, some P33 mutants with impaired ODV/OB still retained BV productivity, indicating that the impacts on BV and on ODV/OB are two distinctly different functions of P33, which are likely to be performed via different substrate proteins.

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