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Pennells, Jordan, Bérénice Heuberger, Céline Chaléat, and Darren J. Martin. "Assessing cellulose micro/nanofibre morphology using a high throughput fibre analysis device to predict nanopaper performance." Cellulose 29, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 2599–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04405-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractCharacterising cellulose nanofibre (CNF) morphology has been identified as a grand challenge for the nanocellulose research field. Direct techniques for CNF morphology characterisation exhibit various difficulties related to the material network structure and equipment cost, while indirect techniques that investigate fibre-light interaction, fibre-solvent interaction, fibre-fibre interaction, or specific fibre surface area involve relatively facile methods but may be more unreliable. Nanopaper mechanical testing is a prevalent metric for assessing fibre-fibre interaction, but is an off-line, time-consuming, and destructive methodology. In this study, an optical fibre morphology analyser (MorFi, Techpap) was employed as an on-line, high throughput, fast turnaround tool to assess micro/nanofibre pulp morphology and predict the properties of nanopaper material. Correlation analysis identified fibre content and fibre kink properties as most correlated with nanopaper strength and toughness, while fibre width and coarseness were most inversely correlated with nanopaper performance. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to visualise interdependent morphological and mechanical data. Subsequently, two data driven statistical models—multiple linear regression (MLR) and machine learning based support vector regression (SVR)—were established to predict nanopaper properties from fibre morphology data, with SVR generating a more accurate prediction across all nanopaper properties (NRMSE = 0.13–0.33) compared to the MLR model (NRMSE = 0.33–0.51). This study highlights that statistical methods are useful to disentangle and visualise interdependent morphological data from an on-line fibre analysis device, while regression models are also capable of predicting paper mechanical properties from CNF samples even though these devices do not operate at nanoscale resolution. Graphical abstract
2
Tian, Faan, Jinfa Yu, Ya Zhang, Yakun Xie, Binghua Wu, and Ying Miao. "MORF9 Functions in Plastid RNA Editing with Tissue Specificity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18 (September 19, 2019): 4635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
RNA editing in plant mitochondria and plastids converts specific nucleotides from cytidine (C) to uridine (U). These editing events differ among plant species and are relevant to developmental stages or are impacted by environmental conditions. Proteins of the MORF family are essential components of plant editosomes. One of the members, MORF9, is considered the core protein of the editing complex and is involved in the editing of most sites in chloroplasts. In this study, the phenotypes of a T-DNA insertion line with loss of MORF9 and of the genetic complementation line of Arabidopsis were analyzed, and the editing efficiencies of plastid RNAs in roots, rosette leaves, and flowers from the morf9 mutant and the wild-type (WT) control were compared by bulk-cDNA sequencing. The results showed that most of the known MORF9-associated plastid RNA editing events in rosette leaves and flowers were similarly reduced by morf9 mutation, with the exception that the editing rate of the sites ndhB-872 and psbF-65 declined in the leaves and that of ndhB-586 decreased only in the flowers. In the roots, however, the loss of MORF9 had a much lower effect on overall plastid RNA editing, with nine sites showing no significant editing efficiency change, including accD-794, ndhD-383, psbZ-50, ndhF-290, ndhD-878, matK-706, clpP1-559, rpoA-200, and ndhD-674, which were reduced in the other tissues. Furthermore, we found that during plant aging, MORF9 mRNA level, but not the protein level, was downregulated in senescent leaves. On the basis of these observations, we suggest that MORF9-mediated RNA editing is tissue-dependent and the resultant organelle proteomes are pertinent to the specific tissue functions.
3
Zuofa Zhang, Jie Jin, and Liangen Shi. "Antioxidant Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Ramulus mori (Sangzhi)." Food Science and Technology International 15, no. 5 (October 2009): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013209350277.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The antioxidant properties and total phenolic contents of four fractions of ethanolic extract from Ramulus mori were examined. Various experimental models including superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power were used for characterization of their antioxidant activity. The four fractions showed various degrees of efficacy in each assay in a dose-dependent manner. The third fraction with the highest amount of total phenolics was the most potent antioxidant in all assays used. In addition, the most powerful compound (oxyresveratrol) was isolated and identified followed by on-line HPLC method and characterized by different spectral analysis. Oxyresveratrol exhibited impressive antioxidant activities in scavenging the superoxide radical, hydroxide radical, and DPPH. On the basis of the results obtained, Ramulus mori may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant due to its significant antioxidant activity and oxyresveratrol may be the most powerful antioxidant in ethanolic extracts of Ramulus mori.
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Patel, D. A., D. K. Patel, J. R. Patel, K. P. Prajapati, P. J. Patel, and A. B. Patel. "Exploitation of Heterosis for Seed Yield and its Contributing Traits in CMS Based Hybrids of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss]." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 12, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 552–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2021.2354.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the present study, line× tester analysis was carried out at Castor-Mustard Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India during rabi 2018–19 (October 2018 to February 2019) in order to estimate all three types of heterosis (relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis) for identification of superior cross combinations of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern&Coss]. Thirty-five hybrids along with five CMS lines, seven testers and check GDM 4 were evaluated for ten different traits. The F1 generation of all the crosses exhibited fertility restoration with pollen fertility except F1 crosses with Vardan, Rohini and SKM 319 fertile line (0%). The remaining crosses exhibited pollen fertility ranging from 68.26% (Kranti×SKM 303) to 85.17% (Kranti×Mori ‘R’ 1-18). The analysis of variance for parents, hybrids and parents vs. hybrids revealed that mean sum of squares of parents were highly significant for majority of the characters except days to maturity. Whereas, hybrids differed highly significant for all the characters. Comparison of mean squares due to parents vs. hybrids was found significant for almost all the characters except number of seeds siliqua-1 and oil content. This indicates that considerable amount of genetic variability present among the parents and hybrids for all the characters studied. On the basis of per se performance, three hybrids viz., Kranti×Mori ‘R’ 1-18, SKM 9928×PusaAgrani and SKM 9928×Mori ‘R’ 1-18 were foundpromising for seed yield plant-1 over the standard check GDM 4.With respect to heterosis, one of the hybrid Kranti×Mori ‘R’ 1-18 (17.85 %)manifested significant and positive standard heterosis for seed yield plant-1.
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Ebinuma, Hiroyasu. "Selective Recombination System in Bombyx mori. I. Chromosome Specificity of the Modification Effect." Genetics 117, no. 3 (November 1, 1987): 521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/117.3.521.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT The effect of modifiers on recombination frequency between Ze and lem loci on chromosome 3 to elucidate the chromosome specificity of modification and the distribution of modifiers using Bombyx mori lines selected for high (H) and low (L) recombination rates between the pS and Y loci in chromosome 2 was investigated. By crossing to the Z (Ze lem/++) line, the recombination rate between the pS and Y loci in chromosome 2 was decreased from 28.18 to 23.33 in the H line and was increased from 4.92 to 16.05 in the L line. On the other hand, the recombination rate between the Ze and lem loci in chromosome 3 was increased from 16.21 to 20.21 in the Z line by crossing to the H line, but also increased to 19.02 by crossing to the L line. The significant correlation observed between the transformed recombination rates of chromosomes 2 and 3 in the (Z × L) × L backcross indicated that there were common factors modifying recombination frequency in chromosomes 2 and 3 or different factors linked to the same chromosomes. In the family of L × [(Z × L) × L] backcross, the distribution of transformed recombination rates indicated that there were several factors in the remaining chromosomes which were modifying recombination frequency in chromosome 2 but not in chromosome 3. It was also indicated that these factors were linked to different chromosomes than are the factors modifying recombination frequency in chromosome 3. In order to interpret these results, one genetic system model controlling recombination that consists of general and local recombination modifiers was proposed. The evolution of dynamic genetic systems that would effectively reduce recombinational load without reducing the advantage of recombination was discussed.
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Aznar-Cervantes, Salvador D., Ana Pagán, María J. Candel, José Pérez-Rigueiro, and José L. Cenis. "Silkworm Gut Fibres from Silk Glands of Samia cynthia ricini—Potential Use as a Scaffold in Tissue Engineering." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (March 31, 2022): 3888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073888.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
High-performance fibroin fibres are ideal candidates for the manufacture of scaffolds with applications in tissue engineering due to the excellent mechanical properties and optimal biocompatibility of this protein. In this work, the manufacture of high-strength fibres made from the silk glands of Samia cynthia ricini is explored. The glands were subjected to soaking in aqueous dissolutions of acetic acid and stretched to manufacture the fibres. The materials produced were widely characterized, in terms of morphology, mechanical properties, crystallinity and content of secondary structures, comparing them with those produced by the standard procedure published for Bombyx mori. In addition, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of a braided scaffold produced from these fibres was evaluated. The results obtained show that the fibres from B. mori present a higher degree of crystallinity than those from S. c. ricini, which is reflected in higher values of elastic modulus and lower values of strain at break. Moreover, a decrease in the elongation values of the fibres from S. c. ricini was observed as the concentration of acetic acid was increased during the manufacture. On the other hand, the study of the braided scaffolds showed higher values of tensile strength and strain at break in the case of S. c. ricini materials and similar values of elastic modulus, compared to those of B. mori, displaying both scaffolds optimal biocompatibility using a fibroblast cell line.
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Dagg, I. R., A. Anderson, S. Yan, W. Smith, and L. A. A. Read. "Collision-induced absorption in nitrogen at low temperatures." Canadian Journal of Physics 63, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p85-096.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The collision-induced absorption (CIA) spectrum for nitrogen has been measured in the spectral region below 360 cm−1 at 126, 149, 179, and 212 K. The measurements have been obtained using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques, a far infrared (FIR) laser system operating at 84.2 and 15.1 cm−1, and microwave cavity techniques. The experimental line shapes have been compared with the theoretical predictions of Joslin, based on Mori theory, and of Joslin and Gray, based on information theory alone. The data have been used to determine the quadrupole moment employing various intermolecular potentials. One Lennard–Jones potential has resulted in a quadrupole moment of 1.51 B, the value that was used in generating the theoretical line shapes. These results, when combined with our forthcoming measurements on nitrogen mixed with methane and argon, may be helpful in determining the role of CIA in calculating the opacity of some planetary atmospheres.
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Coltuc, Radu-Valentin, Mihai Cezar Popescu, and Victor Stoica. "Statins, an important tool in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention." Romanian Medical Journal 63, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2016.1.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Among the major cardiovascular risk factors an important place is occupied by dyslipidemia. There is clear evidence that increased serum total cholesterol and low density fraction of cholesterol (LDLc) are associated with increased risk of coronary and cerebrovascular events. The therapeutic intervention on hyperlipidemia improves cardiovascular morbi-mortality. The most important class of drugs used in the last three decades to lower cholesterol is represented by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, generically called statins. Their benefit, regarding cardiovascular diseases, has been proven both in primary and in the secondary prevention. With a good tolerability and a good safety profile, statins remain the first line choice in dyslipidemic and even in normolipidemic patients, but with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
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WU, SHENG-HUA, CHIUNG-CHIH CHANG, CHIA-LING WEI, and GUO-ZHENG JIANG. "Phylloporia moricola sp. nov. (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from China." Phytotaxa 501, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.501.1.9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phylloporia moricola is described as a new species based on collections from Sichuan Province, China. All studied basidiocarps grow on trunks of Morus sp. This new species is supported by morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences inferred from a dataset of nuc 28S rDNA. P. moricola is characterized by having effused-reflexed to pileate basidiocarps, pores 7–9 per mm, duplex context with a black line when young, dimitic hyphal system, and brownish, slightly thick-walled basidiospores generally measuring 3.4–4 × 2.7–3.2 μm. Phylloporia moricola is phylogenetically most closely related to Phylloporia mori, that also occurs on Morus sp., but that species differs from P. moricola in having hymenial setae and larger basidiospores (4–4.8 × 3.1–3.8 μm).
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Gołębski, Rafał, and Piotr Boral. "Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools." Materials 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Classic methods of machining cylindrical gears, such as hobbing or circumferential chiseling, require the use of expensive special machine tools and dedicated tools, which makes production unprofitable, especially in small and medium series. Today, special attention is paid to the technology of making gears using universal CNC (computer numerical control) machine tools with standard cheap tools. On the basis of the presented mathematical model, a software was developed to generate a code that controls a machine tool for machining cylindrical gears with straight and modified tooth line using the multipass method. Made of steel 16MnCr5, gear wheels with a straight tooth line and with a longitudinally modified convex-convex tooth line were machined on a five-axis CNC milling machine DMG MORI CMX50U, using solid carbide milling cutters (cylindrical and ball end) for processing. The manufactured gears were inspected on a ZEISS coordinate measuring machine, using the software Gear Pro Involute. The conformity of the outline, the tooth line, and the gear pitch were assessed. The side surfaces of the teeth after machining according to the planned strategy were also assessed; the tests were carried out using the optical microscope Alicona Infinite Focus G5 and the contact profilographometer Taylor Hobson, Talysurf 120. The presented method is able to provide a very good quality of machined gears in relation to competing methods. The great advantage of this method is the use of a tool that is not geometrically related to the shape of the machined gear profile, which allows the production of cylindrical gears with a tooth and profile line other than the standard.
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Bakker, Benjamin. "A CLASSIFICATION OF LAGRANGIAN PLANES IN HOLOMORPHIC SYMPLECTIC VARIETIES." Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu 16, no. 4 (September 9, 2015): 859–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474748015000328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Classically, an indecomposable class $R$ in the cone of effective curves on a K3 surface $X$ is representable by a smooth rational curve if and only if $R^{2}=-2$. We prove a higher-dimensional generalization conjectured by Hassett and Tschinkel: for a holomorphic symplectic variety $M$ deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of $n$ points on a K3 surface, an extremal curve class $R\in H_{2}(M,\mathbb{Z})$ in the Mori cone is the line in a Lagrangian $n$-plane $\mathbb{P}^{n}\subset M$ if and only if certain intersection-theoretic criteria are met. In particular, any such class satisfies $(R,R)=-\frac{n+3}{2}$, and the primitive such classes are all contained in a single monodromy orbit.
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Tong, Xiaofei, Saki Yoshimura, Tetsuhiko Sasaki, and Seiichi Furukawa. "Influence of Wolbachia infection on antimicrobial peptide gene expressions in a cell line of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)." Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 24, no. 4 (December 2021): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2021.10.015.
Повний текст джерела
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Liu, Xiaoyong, Keping Chen, Qin Yao, and Hengchuan Xia. "Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins Involved in BmNPV Resistance in the Fat Body of Silkworm, Bombyx mori." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 65, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2010): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2010-11-1212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To investigate the mechanism of nucleopolyhedrovirus resistance of silkworm, we bred a near-isogenic silkworm line, designated BC9, from the parental resistant strain NB and the susceptible strain 306, that is resistant to infection by nucleopolyhedrovirus. Proteomic techniques were employed to search for candidate genes playing a role in the antivirus response, based on differential protein expression profiles in the fat bodies of these strains. Four proteins were identified, two of which are possibly related to energy metabolism, the third one may have a function similar to integrase, and the fourth one is completely novel. Thus, our strategy of the combined use of near-isogenic silkworm line and proteomic techniques is effective for discovering new genes in the antivirus response of insects
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Radu, Ionuț-Cristian, Cătălin Zaharia, Ariana Hudiță, Eugenia Tanasă, Octav Ginghină, Minodora Marin, Bianca Gălățeanu, and Marieta Costache. "In Vitro Interaction of Doxorubicin-Loaded Silk Sericin Nanocarriers with MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Leads to DNA Damage." Polymers 13, no. 13 (June 22, 2021): 2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13132047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, Bombyx mori silk sericin nanocarriers with a very low size range were obtained by nanoprecipitation. Sericin nanoparticles were loaded with doxorubicin, and they were considered a promising tool for breast cancer therapy. The chemistry, structure, morphology, and size distribution of nanocarriers were investigated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR–ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Morphological investigation and DLS showed the formation of sericin nanoparticles in the 25–40 nm range. FTIR chemical characterization showed specific interactions of protein–doxorubicin–enzymes with a high influence on the drug delivery process and release behavior. The biological investigation via breast cancer cell line revealed a high activity of nanocarriers in cancer cells by inducing significant DNA damage.
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Teramoto, Hidetoshi, Masatoshi Iga, Hiromi Tsuboi, and Kenichi Nakajima. "Characterization and Scaled-Up Production of Azido-Functionalized Silk Fiber Produced by Transgenic Silkworms with an Expanded Genetic Code." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 3 (January 31, 2019): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030616.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The creation of functional materials from renewable resources has attracted much interest. We previously reported on the genetic code expansion of the domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori to functionalize silk fiber with synthetic amino acids such as 4-azido-L-phenylalanine (AzPhe). The azido groups act as selective handles for biorthogonal chemical reactions. Here we report the characterization and scaled-up production of azido-functionalized silk fiber for textile, healthcare, and medical applications. To increase the productivity of azido-functionalized silk fiber, the original transgenic line was hybridized with a high silk-producing strain. The F1 hybrid produced circa 1.5 times more silk fibroin than the original transgenic line. The incorporation efficiency of AzPhe into silk fibroin was retained after hybridization. The tensile properties of the azido-functionalized silk fiber were equal to those of normal silk fiber. Scaled-up production of the azido-functionalized silk fiber was demonstrated by rearing circa 1000 transgenic silkworms. Differently-colored fluorescent silk fibers were successfully prepared by click chemistry reactions, demonstrating the utility of the azido-functionalized silk fiber for developing silk-based materials with desired functions.
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Seidavi, A., S. Z. Mirhosseini, M. Mavvajpour, A. Bizhannia, and M. Ghanipoor. "Study of resistance and vitality responses in six silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) hybrids under individual selection for parental lines." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200029690.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sericulture has been an important agricultural industry since 2650 BC (Seidavi et al. 2006). There are about 10 million farmers and 0.5 million related industrial workers in the world. The present capacity of silkworm eggs production in Iran is about 70000 boxes per year which are distributed among 40000 silkworm house holders. Annual cocoon production in Iran is about 6000 metric tons which is small in comparison with production in previous centuries. Silkworm breeding using selection systems can improve line and hybrid performance. Individual selection based on cocoon weight in GGP generation (great grandparent) improved GP (grandparent) and P (parent) parental line generation (Seidavi et al. 2007), but it did not consider the effects on resistance performance of hybrid generation. In this experiment, the effects of two phenotypic selections of GGP parents on vitality (percentage of survival pupae) and resistance properties in six of their hybrids (including 31×32, 32×31, 103×104, 104×103, 107×110 and 110×107) were studied.
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Mastore, Maristella, Silvia Quadroni, Sara Caramella, and Maurizio Francesco Brivio. "The Silkworm as a Source of Natural Antimicrobial Preparations: Efficacy on Various Bacterial Strains." Antibiotics 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2021): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111339.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global spread of multi-resistant pathogens responsible for infections, which cannot be treated with existing drugs such as antibiotics, is of particular concern. Antibiotics are becoming increasingly ineffective and drug resistance is leading to more difficult-to-treat infections; therefore, new bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity are needed and new alternative sources should be found. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are synthesized by processes typical of the innate immune system and are present in almost all organisms. Insects are extremely resistant to bacterial infections as they can produce a wide range of AMPs, providing an effective first line of defense. The AMPs produced by insects therefore represent a possible source of natural antimicrobial molecules. In this paper, the possibility of using plasma preparations from silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae as a source of antimicrobials was evaluated. After simple purification steps, insect plasma was analyzed and tested on different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The results obtained are encouraging as the assays on Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae showed significant decrease in the growth of these Gram-negative bacteria. Similar results were obtained on Gram-positive bacteria, such as Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis, which showed strong susceptibility to the silkworm AMPs pool. In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus displayed high resistance to Bombyx mori plasma. Finally, the tested plasma formulations were assessed for possible storage not only at 4 °C, but also above room temperature. In conclusion, partially purified plasma from silkworm could be a promising source of AMPs which could be used in formulations for topical applications, without additional and expensive purification steps.
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Liu, Yujia, Dongbin Chen, Xiaoqian Zhang, Shuqing Chen, Dehong Yang, Linmeng Tang, Xu Yang, et al. "Construction of Baculovirus-Inducible CRISPR/Cas9 Antiviral System Targeting BmNPV in Bombyx mori." Viruses 14, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14010059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The silkworm Bombyx mori is an economically important insect. The sericulture industry is seriously affected by pathogen infections. Of these pathogens, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) causes approximately 80% of the total economic losses due to pathogen infections. We previously constructed a BmNPV-specific CRISPR/Cas9 silkworm line with significantly enhanced resistance to BmNPV. In order to optimize the resistance properties and minimize its impact on economic traits, we constructed an inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system for use in transgenic silkworms. We used the 39k promoter, which is induced by viral infection, to express Cas9 and the U6 promoter to express four small guide RNA targeting the genes encoding BmNPV late expression factors 1 and 3 (lef-1 and lef-3, respectively), which are essential for viral DNA replication. The system was rapidly activated when the silkworm was infected and showed considerably higher resistance to BmNPV infection than the wild-type silkworm. The inducible system significantly reduced the development effects due to the constitutive expression of Cas9. No obvious differences in developmental processes or economically important characteristics were observed between the resulting transgenic silkworms and wild-type silkworms. Adoption of this accurate and highly efficient inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting BmNPV DNA replication will result in enhanced antivirus measures during sericulture, and our work also provides insights into the broader application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the control of infectious diseases and insect pests.
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Asadi, Hamed, Mohammad M. Aghdam, and Mahmoud Shakeri. "Vibration analysis of axially moving line supported functionally graded plates with temperature-dependent properties." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 228, no. 6 (July 26, 2013): 953–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406213498033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vibration analysis of axially moving functionally graded plates with internal line supports and temperature-dependent properties is investigated using harmonic differential quadrature method. The plate is subjected to static in-plane forces while out-of-plane loading is dynamic. Stability of an axially moving plate, traveling at a constant velocity between different supports and experiencing small transverse vibrations are considered. The series of internal rigid line supports parallel to the plate edges are considered together with various arbitrary combinations of boundary conditions. Material properties of the plate are assumed temperature-dependent which is a non-linear function of temperature and differ continuously through thickness according to a power-law distribution of the volume fractions of the plate constituents. Two types of micromechanical models, namely, the Voigt and Mori–Tanaka models are considered. Based on the classical plate theory, the governing equations are obtained for functionally graded plate using the Hamilton’s principle. In the frame of a general dynamic analysis, it is shown that the onset of instability takes place in the form of divergence. The plate may experience divergence or flutter instability at a super critical velocity. Results for dynamic analysis of isotropic and laminated plates are validated with available data in the existing literature, which show excellent agreement. Furthermore, some new results are presented for vibration analysis of functionally graded material plates to study effects of the location of line supports, material properties, volume fraction, temperature, loading, aspect ratio and speed.
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Escudero, Antonio, and Pedro M. Pérez Castroviejo. "The living standard of miners in Biscay (1876-1936): wages, the human development index and height." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 28, no. 3 (December 2010): 503–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610910000121.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractRecent research on working-class living standards during the Industrial Revolution has shown that wages do not cover all welfare components — for instance, working conditions, leisure time or the «access rights» needed make one prosper (health, education and freedom). This is why studies have been published in which wages are compared with other living standard indicators. Following this line of research, our paper examines the evolution of welfare among Biscayan miners between 1876 and 1936 by contrasting real wages, Human Development Index and height. An additional contribution of the paper is that we relate the high morbi-mortality in the Biscayan working-class neighbourhoods with market failures derived from urbanisation, a connection not explicitly considered in the literature on living standards during the Industrial Revolution. These market failures were known by liberal politicians because the hygienists urged the intervention of the State to correct or, at least, ease them. However, the town councils in the Bilbao mining zone took more than 20 years to put into practice the measures proposed by the hygienists.
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Orihara, Yutaka, Hiroshi Hamamoto, Hiroshi Kasuga, Toru Shimada, Yasushi Kawaguchi, and Kazuhisa Sekimizu. "A silkworm–baculovirus model for assessing the therapeutic effects of antiviral compounds: characterization and application to the isolation of antivirals from traditional medicines." Journal of General Virology 89, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.83208-0.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ganciclovir, foscarnet, vidarabine and ribavirin, which are used to treat viral infections in humans, inhibited the proliferation of a baculovirus (Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus) in BmN4 cells, a cultured silkworm cell line. These antiviral agents inhibited the proliferation of baculovirus in silkworm body fluid and had therapeutic effects. Using the silkworm infection model, the antiviral activity of Kampo medicines was screened and it was found that cinnamon bark, a component of the traditional Japanese medicine Mao-to, had a therapeutic effect. Based on the therapeutic activity, the antiviral substance was purified. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the purified fraction revealed that the antiviral activity was due to cinnzeylanine, which has previously been isolated from Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Cinnzeylanine inhibits the proliferation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in Vero cells. These results suggest that the silkworm–baculovirus infection model is useful for screening antiviral agents that are effective for treating humans infected with DNA viruses.
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Sakuma, Aki. "The origin of teaching as a profession in Japan: A transnational analysis of the relationship between professionalism and nationalism in the 19th century." Espacio, Tiempo y Educación 5, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.232.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
How was the concept of «teaching as a profession» advocated in the 19th century? In this study, this question is analysed by focusing on how the Japanese version of the concept was imported from the West and subsequently transformed in this non-Christian setting. It was formulated not only by a national action to create a strong centralized nation-state in Asia, but also through the transnational interaction of European, American, and Japanese educational leaders. First, the author argues that, the early Japanese concept of «teaching as a profession» is explored by examining the ideas of Mori Arinori, the first Minister of Education. Mori claimed that, in order to safeguard children’s morality, teaching should be a holy-calling profession in Japan. For him, this meant educating the subsequent generations to be obedient to their holy nation. Second, Mori’s images of education are shown to be consistent with those in the United States, where he had studied as a diplomat. These images were shared not only by US leaders such as Horace Mann, but also with Prussian and French leaders of the era. In both countries, both the holy-calling theory and the profession theory included nationalism, whose ultimate aim was education for the nation. However, while the sacredness of the republican polity was based on the ideals of individualism and liberty in the United States, the sacredness of the imperial polity in Japan was promoted by the Emperor the apotheosis of the imperial line, unbroken for ages eternal. These historical origins of the concept of teaching suggest why the professionalisation of teaching in Japan has been advanced by forces that hoist the flag of national particularism, and by a government that supports this view. This implies that teaching professionalism does not always connote democracy or the human rights of children/teachers.
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Jamal, Jamal, Nana Sulaksana, Emi Sukiyah, and Yoga Andriana Sendjaja. "Analisis Multi Raster SRTM, Radarsat dan Landsat untuk Karakterisisasi Morfo-struktur dari Geometri Sesar di Daerah Binuang, Kalimantan Selatan." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.20.1.49-61.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Binuang area and its surroundings are genetically structural landforms which characterized by cuesta ridge line with curve lineaments pattern on northeast-southwest direction. Geomorphological approach were carried out to determine structural geometry of geological surface using qualitative and quantitative approach on multiple map analysis of remote sensing data. The result of quantitative analysis on elevation data are used to classify heights, slope shape and steepness, lineaments, drainage, and slope aspect. Optical images were classified to determine lithological pattern and boundaries through analysis of band ratios, decorrelation stretch, principal component, and spatial enhancement. The research area are classified into eight class of structural landforms, depicting deformations that occured in western flank of Meratus Mountains. The surface pattern indicates the influence of compressional stress, shown by fold belt with longitudinal characteristic and fault-bounded anticlines on northeast-southwest axis. The formation of main structure pattern on research area was compared with that on strike-slip fault analog model. The resulting correlation factor, R=0.932, shows that both of them are highly correlated. In conclusion, surface structure can possibly form another variation of thrusted mountain belt, such as thrust-dominated restraining bends.Keywords: landsat, SRTM, morphostructure, morphometry, rhomboidal pattern, Meratus.
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Jamal, Jamal, Nana Sulaksana, Emi Sukiyah, and Yoga Andriana Sendjaja. "Analisis Multi Raster SRTM, Radarsat dan Landsat untuk Karakterisisasi Morfo-struktur dari Geometri Sesar di Daerah Binuang, Kalimantan Selatan." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v20i1.405.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Binuang area and its surroundings are genetically structural landforms which characterized by cuesta ridge line with curve lineaments pattern on northeast-southwest direction. Geomorphological approach were carried out to determine structural geometry of geological surface using qualitative and quantitative approach on multiple map analysis of remote sensing data. The result of quantitative analysis on elevation data are used to classify heights, slope shape and steepness, lineaments, drainage, and slope aspect. Optical images were classified to determine lithological pattern and boundaries through analysis of band ratios, decorrelation stretch, principal component, and spatial enhancement. The research area are classified into eight class of structural landforms, depicting deformations that occured in western flank of Meratus Mountains. The surface pattern indicates the influence of compressional stress, shown by fold belt with longitudinal characteristic and fault-bounded anticlines on northeast-southwest axis. The formation of main structure pattern on research area was compared with that on strike-slip fault analog model. The resulting correlation factor, R=0.932, shows that both of them are highly correlated. In conclusion, surface structure can possibly form another variation of thrusted mountain belt, such as thrust-dominated restraining bends.Keywords: landsat, SRTM, morphostructure, morphometry, rhomboidal pattern, Meratus.
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Jamal, Jamal, Nana Sulaksana, Emi Sukiyah, and Yoga Andriana Sendjaja. "Analisis Multi Raster SRTM, Radarsat dan Landsat untuk Karakterisisasi Morfo-struktur dari Geometri Sesar di Daerah Binuang, Kalimantan Selatan." Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral 20, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.v20i1.405.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Binuang area and its surroundings are genetically structural landforms which characterized by cuesta ridge line with curve lineaments pattern on northeast-southwest direction. Geomorphological approach were carried out to determine structural geometry of geological surface using qualitative and quantitative approach on multiple map analysis of remote sensing data. The result of quantitative analysis on elevation data are used to classify heights, slope shape and steepness, lineaments, drainage, and slope aspect. Optical images were classified to determine lithological pattern and boundaries through analysis of band ratios, decorrelation stretch, principal component, and spatial enhancement. The research area are classified into eight class of structural landforms, depicting deformations that occured in western flank of Meratus Mountains. The surface pattern indicates the influence of compressional stress, shown by fold belt with longitudinal characteristic and fault-bounded anticlines on northeast-southwest axis. The formation of main structure pattern on research area was compared with that on strike-slip fault analog model. The resulting correlation factor, R=0.932, shows that both of them are highly correlated. In conclusion, surface structure can possibly form another variation of thrusted mountain belt, such as thrust-dominated restraining bends.Keywords: landsat, SRTM, morphostructure, morphometry, rhomboidal pattern, Meratus.
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Bouks, Barak. "The Restrains On Egypt's National Security Towards The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam." Security science journal 3, no. 1 (March 26, 2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37458/ssj.3.1.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Egypt regards the Nile as a vital "Life Line". As such, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam poses a significant threat to its national security, and thus, Egypt has to arrive at the most effective decision in order to remove this threat. Egypt embarked on a global diplomatic pressure designated to influence Ethiopia, backed by signals of relevant contributive acquisitions relevant to the Egyptian army's buildup: E.g., 30 Rafale jests from France in 2021 (following a former acquisition of 24 jets in 2015), 50 Mig-29Ms fighter jets in 2015 or 24 Sukhoi Su-35 in 2018, from Russia. This study finds that albeit the noted signals of massive quality acquisitions from new sponsors such as France or Russia due to a decrease of US armament from 47 percent of Egypt's arms imports between 2009-2014, to 14 percent between 2015-2020, due to sanctions by President Obama, following the deposing of President Morsi in 2013, the Egyptian army is bounded by military and economic restrains, effecting an arrival to efficient operative decisions in order to embark on a military response versus Ethiopia, should the diplomatic prism would not achieve its goal, of removing the potential threat on the Nile water flow. The identity of army buildup arms suppliers, weapons and markets, effects significantly the noted decision-making process
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Yi, Xie, and Li Bing. "The Transcription Express Characteristics of Several Genes in the Process of Bombyx mori Ovarian Carcinoma." Advanced Materials Research 796 (September 2013): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.796.39.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bombyx mori cell line (BmN) comes fromBombyx moriovary cell subculture. In order to study the change of several genes transcription in the process ofBombyx moriovary cells primary culture and subculture, we usedBombyx moriovary organizations and BmN cell lines as research materials, used Real Time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR to detect cyclin gene family (CyclinA, CyclinB, CyclinB3, CyclinE, CyclinL1), p53 and Telomerase genes transcription level in the ovary and BmN cell lines, and took Actin3 gene as reference to dispose the results. The results showed that in theBombyx moriBmN cell lines the expression of CyclinA, CyclinB, CyclinB3, CyclinE, CyclinL1 and Telomerase genes were higher than those in the ovary. The expression of CyclinB in the BmN was more then 3.8 which was 76 times higher than that in the ovary; The expression of p53 gene in the BmN cell was lower than that in the ovary; The expression of Telomerase gene in the BmN cell was higher than that in the ovary. The results accumulated a reliable data for further study on the the role of cyclin gene family, p53 gene, and Telomerase gene in the process ofBombyx moriovarian carcinoma.
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Cong, Jiangshan, Cuicui Tao, Xuan Zhang, Hui Zhang, Tingcai Cheng, and Chun Liu. "Transgenic Ectopic Overexpression of Broad Complex (BrC-Z2) in the Silk Gland Inhibits the Expression of Silk Fibroin Genes of Bombyx mori." Insects 11, no. 6 (June 16, 2020): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060374.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bombyx mori silk protein genes are strictly turned on and off in different developmental stages under the hormone periodically change. The broad complex (BrC) is a transcription factor mediating 20-hydroxyecdysone action, which plays important roles during metamorphosis. Here, we observed that two isoforms of BmBrC (BmBrC-Z2 and BmBrC-Z4) exhibited contrasting expression patterns with fibroin genes (FibH, FibL and P25) in the posterior silk gland (PSG), suggesting that BmBrC may negatively regulate fibroin genes. Transgenic lines were constructed to ectopically overexpress BmBrC-Z2 in the PSG. The silk protein genes in the transgenic line were decreased to almost half of that in the wild type. The silk yield was decreased significantly. In addition, the expression levels of regulatory factors (BmKr-h1 and BmDimm) response to juvenile hormone (JH) signal were inhibited significantly. Then exogenous JH in the BmBrC-Z2 overexpressed lines can inhibit the expression of BmBrC-Z2 and activate the expression of silk protein genes and restore the silk yield to the level of the wild type. These results indicated that BmBrC may inhibit fibroin genes by repressing the JH signal pathway, which would assist in deciphering the comprehensive regulation mechanism of silk protein genes.
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Kikuta, Shingo, Takashi Kiuchi, Fugaku Aoki, and Masao Nagata. "Recovery of infective juveniles of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae via factors produced by insect cells and symbiotic bacteria." Nematology 11, no. 4 (2009): 611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138855409x12465362560719.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae, show 'recovery' from the dauer form as infective juveniles (IJ) up to fourth-stage juveniles when host invasion occurs. This recovery also occurs within an insect cell line culturing system. Here we addressed the factor(s) that induce recovery. When IJ were exposed to cell medium obtained from the cultivation of Sf9 cell lines derived from armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda), approximately 50% of IJ recovered after 4 h. By 16 h, 90% of the IJ had undergone recovery. Other insect cell lines such as silkworm (Bombyx mori)-derived BmN cells and fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)-derived S2 cells also secreted the recovery inducing factor(s). By contrast, mammalian cells (NIH/3T3 and HeLa) had no effect on nematode recovery. Our data also suggest that symbiotic bacteria are involved in IJ recovery; axenic IJ did not recover in the cell-cultured medium. When symbiotic bacteria isolated from IJ were propagated within the cell-cultured medium, the supernatant gained recovery-inducing activity against axenic IJ. From these results, we conclude that IJ recovery in S. carpocapsae is induced by multiple factor(s) secreted from insect cells and symbiont bacteria.
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Zhang, Bili, Chunlin Li, Yue Luan, Yaru Lu, Hai Hu, Yanyu Liu, Kunpeng Lu, Guizheng Zhang, Fangyin Dai та Xiaoling Tong. "The Role of Chitooligosaccharidolytic β-N-Acetylglucosamindase in the Molting and Wing Development of the Silkworm Bombyx mori". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, № 7 (31 березня 2022): 3850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073850.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The insect glycoside hydrolase family 20 β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (HEXs) are key enzymes involved in chitin degradation. In this study, nine HEX genes in Bombyx mori were identified by genome-wide analysis. Bioinformatic analysis based on the transcriptome database indicated that each gene had a distinct expression pattern. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression pattern of the chitooligosaccharidolytic β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (BmChiNAG). BmChiNAG was highly expressed in chitin-rich tissues, such as the epidermis. In the wing disc and epidermis, BmChiNAG has the highest expression level during the wandering stage. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated BmChiNAG deletion was used to study the function. In the BmChiNAG-knockout line, 39.2% of female heterozygotes had small and curly wings. The ultrastructure of a cross-section showed that the lack of BmChiNAG affected the stratification of the wing membrane and the formation of the correct wing vein structure. The molting process of the homozygotes was severely hindered during the larva to pupa transition. Epidermal sections showed that the endocuticle of the pupa was not degraded in the mutant. These results indicate that BmChiNAG is involved in chitin catabolism and plays an important role in the molting and wing development of the silkworm, which highlights the potential of BmChiNAG as a pest control target.
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Suzuki, Shuko, Onur Sakiragaoglu, and Traian V. Chirila. "Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Bombyx mori Silk Sericin in Cultures of Murine Retinal Photoreceptor Cells." Molecules 27, no. 14 (July 20, 2022): 4635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The availability of natural substances able to fulfill the role of antioxidants in a physiologic environment is important for the development of therapies against diseases associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen species and ensuing oxidative stress. Antioxidant properties have been reported episodically for sericin, a proteinaceous constituent of the silk thread in the cocoons generated by the larvae of the Lepidoptera order. We investigated the sericin fractions isolated from the cocoons spun by the domesticated (Bombyx mori) silkworm. Three fractions were isolated and evaluated, including two peptidoid fractions, the crude sericin and the purified (dialyzed) sericin, and the non-peptidoid methanolic extract of the crude fraction. When subjected to Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, the extract showed much higher antioxidant capacity as compared to the crude or purified sericin fractions. The three fractions were also evaluated in cultures of murine retinal photoreceptor cells (661 W), a cell line that is highly susceptible to oxidants and is crucially involved in the retinopathies primarily caused by oxidative stress. The extract displayed a significant dose-dependent protective effect on the cultured cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. In identical conditions, the crude sericin showed a certain level of antioxidative activity at a higher concentration, while the purified sericin did not show any activity. We concluded that the non-peptidoid components accompanying sericin were chiefly responsible for the previously reported antioxidant capacity associated with sericin fractions, a conclusion supported by the qualitative detection of flavonoids in the extract but not in the purified sericin fraction.
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Yao, Hongwei, Gongyin Ye, Caiying Jiang, Longjiang Fan, Karabi Datta, Cui Hu, and Swapan K. Datta. "Effect of the pollen of transgenic rice line, TT9-3 with a fused cry1Ab/cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on non-target domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombyxidae)." Applied Entomology and Zoology 41, no. 2 (2006): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/aez.2006.339.
Повний текст джерела
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Wang, Jingjing, Weina Hu, and Qiongbo Hu. "BmTudor-sn Is a Binding Protein of Destruxin A in Silkworm Bm12 Cells." Toxins 11, no. 2 (January 24, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Destruxin A (DA), a hexa-cyclodepsipeptidic mycotoxin secreted by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, was reported to have an insecticidal effect and anti-immunity activity. However, its molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. Previously, we isolated several potential DA-affinity (binding) proteins in the Bombyx mori Bm12 cell line. By docking score using MOE2015, we selected three proteins—BmTudor-sn, BmPiwi, and BmAGO2—for further validation. First, using Bio-Layer Interferometry in vitro, we found that BmTudor-sn had an affinity interaction with DA at 125, 250, and 500 µM, while BmPiwi and BmAGO2 had no interaction signal with DA. Second, we employed standard immunoblotting to verify that BmTudor-sn is susceptible to DA, but BmPiwi and BmAGO2 are not. Third, to verify these findings in vivo, we used a target engagement strategy based on shifts in protein thermal stability following ligand binding termed the cellular thermal shift assay and found no thermal stability shift in BmPiwi and BmAGO2, whereas a shift was found for BmTudor-sn. In addition, in BmTudor-sn knockdown Bm12 cells, we observed that cell viability increased under DA treatment. Furthermore, insect two-hybrid system results indicated that the key site involved in DA binding to BmTudor-sn was Leu704. In conclusion, in vivo and in vitro experimental evidence indicated that BmTudor-sn is a binding protein of DA in silkworm Bm12 cells at the 100 µM level, and the key site of this interaction is Leu704. Our results provide new perspectives to aid in elucidating the molecular mechanism of action of DA in insects and developing new biopesticide.
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Shen, Xing-Jia, Yong-Zhu Yi, Shun-Ming Tang, Zhi-Fang Zhang, Yi-Ren Li, and Jia-Lu He. "The Ecdysteroid UDP-Glucosyltransferase Gene Promoter from Autographa californica Multicapsid Nucleopolyhedrovirus." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 59, no. 9-10 (October 1, 2004): 749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2004-9-1021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase (egt) gene promoter fragments of different lengths were generated from the genomic DNA of the Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) by PCR. After being purified and enzymatic digestion, they were cloned into the pGEM-3Z vector for construction of reporter plasmids pAcegt542- luc, pAcegt309-luc and pAcegt159-luc with the luciferase gene driven by the AcMNPV egt promoter. The results of transient expression in the Spodoptera frugiperda cell line-21 (Sf21) showed that the transcriptional activity of the AcMNPV egt promoter required the transactivation of viral factor(s). The expression of luciferase gene driven by the AcMNPV egt promoter was first detected at 24 h post infection. The egt promoter from the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), closely related to AcMNPV, revealed similar properties to that of the AcMNPV egt promoter. When BmNPV homologous region 3 was subcloned downstream the luciferase gene, the luciferase activity of the reporter plasmid was enhanced by over 1000-fold, but the property of the promoter was not changed. As a substrate of ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase (EGT), foreign insect ecdysone showed negative effects on egt promoter transcriptional activity. Ecdysone of 1.0-2.0 μg/ml significantly down-regulated the promoter activity. Promoter activities of different lengths showed that an AcMNPV egt promoter fragment of 159 bp has the basal transcriptional activity but it was almost abolished only about 0.2% of that of 309 bp and 542 bp, respectively, and the nucleotide sequence from - 159 to - 309 nt upstream the translation initiation site includes the main cis-acting elements interacting with viral factors.
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Kayukawa, Takumi, Keisuke Nagamine, Yuka Ito, Yoshinori Nishita, Yukio Ishikawa, and Tetsuro Shinoda. "Krüppel Homolog 1 Inhibits Insect Metamorphosis via Direct Transcriptional Repression of Broad-Complex, a Pupal Specifier Gene." Journal of Biological Chemistry 291, no. 4 (October 30, 2015): 1751–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m115.686121.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Broad-Complex gene (BR-C) encodes transcription factors that dictate larval-pupal metamorphosis in insects. The expression of BR-C is induced by molting hormone (20-hydroxyecdysone (20E)), and this induction is repressed by juvenile hormone (JH), which exists during the premature larval stage. Krüppel homolog 1 gene (Kr-h1) has been known as a JH-early inducible gene responsible for repression of metamorphosis; however, the functional relationship between Kr-h1 and repression of BR-C has remained unclear. To elucidate this relationship, we analyzed cis- and trans elements involved in the repression of BR-C using a Bombyx mori cell line. In the cells, as observed in larvae, JH induced the expression of Kr-h1 and concurrently suppressed 20E-induced expression of BR-C. Forced expression of Kr-h1 repressed the 20E-dependent activation of the BR-C promoter in the absence of JH, and Kr-h1 RNAi inhibited the JH-mediated repression, suggesting that Kr-h1 controlled the repression of BR-C. A survey of the upstream sequence of BR-C gene revealed a Kr-h1 binding site (KBS) in the BR-C promoter. When KBS was deleted from the promoter, the repression of BR-C was abolished. Electrophoresis mobility shift demonstrated that two Kr-h1 molecules bound to KBS in the BR-C promoter. Based on these results, we conclude that Kr-h1 protein molecules directly bind to the KBS sequence in the BR-C promoter and thereby repress 20E-dependent activation of the pupal specifier, BR-C. This study has revealed a considerable portion of the picture of JH signaling pathways from the reception of JH to the repression of metamorphosis.
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Ko, Hyeyeon, WooDong Park, Dae-Jung Kim, Makito Kobayashi, and Young Chang Sohn. "Biological activities of recombinant Manchurian trout FSH and LH: their receptor specificity, steroidogenic and vitellogenic potencies." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 38, no. 1 (January 2007): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.1.02163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gonadotropins (GTHs), FSH and LH, play central roles in vertebrate reproduction. Here, we report the production of biologically-active recombinant FSH (r-mtFSH) and LH (r-mtLH) of an endangered salmon species, Manchurian trout (Brachymystax lenok), by baculovirus in silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae. The biological activities of the recombinant hormones were analyzed using COS-7 cell line transiently expressing either amago salmon FSH or LH receptor. The steroidogenic potency of the r-mtFSH and r-mtLH was examined by a culture system using rainbow trout follicles in vitro. In vivo, bioactivity was assessed by measuring ovarian weight, oocyte diameter, and plasma steroid hormone levels in female rainbow trout. Moreover, inducing potency of milt production were examined in vivo using goldfish. Our results demonstrated that the r-mtFSH and r-mtLH were successfully produced in the baculovirus-silkworm system and recognized by their cognate receptors specifically in vitro. The production of estradiol-17β (E2) and testosterone (T) was stimulated by the r-mtFSH and r-mtLH respectively, from the full-grown follicles of rainbow trout, whereas both E2 and T were increased by relatively higher doses of the recombinant hormones from the follicles of the maturing stage. In in vivo assay, injection of the r-mtFSH but not r-mtLH increased ovarian weight, oocyte diameter, and plasma E2 levels in immature rainbow trout. Injection of both r-mtFSH and r-mtLH induced milt production in male goldfish. In conclusion, the present study strongly suggests that the r-mtFSH and r-mtLH have distinct biological properties, such as a specific responsiveness for the cognate receptor, steroidogenic, and vitellogenic activities for ovarian follicles in salmonids. These recombinant FSH and LH may be applied for future studies on the gonadal development and maturation in fishes as well as the endangered salmon species.
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Gołębski, Rafał. "Experimental Method of Machining Gears with an Involute Profile Using CNC Lathe with Driven Tools." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 29, 2022): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031077.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are many ways of machining gears; the world’s manufacturers of machine tools have patented many methods that allow for the production of gears in an accurate and efficient way. In general, the patented methods require the use of kinematically complex and expensive CNC machine tools. These tools, moreover, the production of the technology itself, including the machining code, require the use of dedicated software. Therefore, it seems justified to strive for the application of kinematically simple and relatively cheap machines in the machining processes so as to increase the universality and availability of new machining methods. This paper presents a method of machining a spur gear with straight teeth with an involute profile using a basic CNC lathe DMG MORI CLX350V4 equipped with driven tools. On the basis of the presented mathematical model, an algorithm was developed to generate a code that controls the machining of cylindrical gears with an involute profile of straight teeth, with the possibility of modifying the transition profile and the tooth root. The machining was experimental, and the gear was made of aluminium AlSi1MgMn using a solid carbide cylindrical cutter. In conclusion, the presented method was found to be very competitive with commercial methods and is able to provide very high quality gears. The accuracy of the machined profile form deviation in the entire processing did not exceed an average value of 10 μm; while assessing the tooth line, the basis average error was 5 μm. Finally, the gear was assessed as manufactured in accuracy class 6. This machining method guarantees very competitive machining cycle times, and thanks to the use of an uncomplicated CNC lathe and universal tools, it provides great flexibility, at the same time giving the possibility of machining gears with arbitrary profiles.
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Susanty, Aries, Norma Mustiana Sirait, and Arfan Bakhtiar. "The relationship between information sharing, informal contracts and trust on performance of supply chain management in the SMEs of batik." Measuring Business Excellence 22, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 292–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-05-2017-0019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this study is twofold: to examine the effect of information sharing and contract on increasing the trust level in the relationship between the batik small- and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) and supplier and to examine the trust on performance of a supply chain related to the procurement of raw cotton fabric (mori). Design/methodology/approach This research used primary data collected through interviews and closed questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale. The sample included 65 people, including batik SME-owners in Pekalongan, a Central Java city. This research was conducted using partial least square (PLS) through SmartPLS 3.0 software to analyze the hypothesis. Findings The results of hypothesis testing indicate that trust between owners of SME and their suppliers has a significant positive effect on the performance of supply chain management (SCM). Strong trust between batik SME- owners with their suppliers will be beneficial for both parties. Among other things, trust can reduce unnecessary cost and activity, reduce the waiting time for the arrival of raw material, reduce the number of inventories and increase profit and customer satisfaction. This result has also show that information sharing and informal contract have a significant positive effect on trust between batik SME-owners and their mori suppliers. In this case, information sharing has a higher effect on trust compared to informal contract. Broader information was distributed to the batik SME-owners and their suppliers, resulting in stronger trust between them. Research limitations/implications The limitations of this study include the relatively small sample size and data collection method used to determine the effect of trust, the number of the antecedent variables of trust and the type of scale used to measure the performance of the supply chain. Suggestions for future research may include expanding the scope of the data collection to other regions in Indonesia; adopting a dyadic approach and longitudinal research in providing evidence on the effect of trust as a component of an interactive activity along the supply chain; adding other variables that contribute towards increasing the trust between SMEs and their suppliers (such as commitment); and enhancing the performance measurement of SCM by using a direct measure of financial and non-financial performance instead of recording the perception of the batik SME-owners. Practical implications As the scale of their business increases, it is better if the batik SMEs can enhance information sharing and informal contract with suppliers to promote the development of trust. In this case, to ensure that batik SMEs will have better information sharing from their supplier, it is better if the batik SME-owners using the criteria of supplier willingness to share detailed information when they select the new supplier. Then, to increase the role of contract on trust, it is better if owner of batik SME learn to understand the written contract processes and procedures as their business scale increases. Social implications The research confirms that information sharing, informal contract and trust between batik SMEs and their suppliers can have a positive effect on the performance of the supply chain. It may encourage more SMEs and suppliers in the batik industry to build better information sharing, informal contract and trust as a bottom line for the economic and non-economic growth of their business. Originality/value The conceptual model used in this study is original, built from past research about the relationship between information sharing, informal contract and trust on the performance of the supply chain. Besides, the selection of the sample is also original, which in this case is on the batik SMEs which have informal contracts. This case has still been rarely studied, and the research is therefore highly valuable.
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Araújo, André Luis Calado. "Editorial." HOLOS 1 (December 25, 2007): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2005.51.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Em sua primeira edição de 2005 a HOLOS - on line apresenta treze artigos contemplando todas as áreas de atuação do CEFET-RN sendo seis artigos inéditos e sete artigos apresentados no II Congresso de Iniciação Científica do CEFET-RN (CONGIC).
Entre os artigos inéditos são discutidos temas na área de educação tais como a transdisciplinaridade no ensino da disciplina de física, a formação de professores com vistas ao uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação, e o papel da escola no processo de transformação social do cidadão. Um artigo apresenta alguns critérios de avaliação e sustentabilidade de políticas públicas desenvolvidas no Brasil. Inseridos no contexto tecnológico são apresentados dois artigos abordando a caracterização geotécnica de solos no município de Natal e a produção agrícola do amaranto como forma alternativa de alimento.
Como forma de incentivar ainda mais a participação da comunidade nos Congressos de Iniciação do CEFET-RN estamos também publicando um artigo de cada Gerência Educacional e da Unidade Descentralizada de Mossoró (UNED), apresentado no II CONGIC em novembro de 2004. Entre os temas discutidos estão: O trabalho desenvolvido por alunos do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Lazer e Qualidade de Vida, Gerência Educacional de Tecnologia dos Serviços e da Gestão, em parceria com Associação de Pais e Amigos de Pessoas Portadoras de Deficiência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil, Núcleo Regional do Rio Grande do Norte (“Viver com arte e cultura”). As contribuições de Robert Boyle à química em face de uma visão interdisciplinar com a geografia – Gerência de Formação Educacional. As questões do semi-árido são discutidas no trabalho apresentado pelo Núcleo de Ciências e Tecnologia Ambientais (NECTA), baseado na UNED, abordando o desenvolvimento local e manejo da caatinga em um assentamento em Mossoró-RN. O estudo apresentado pela Gerência Educacional de Tecnologia Industrial destaca o processamento por plasma de amostras de aço IF utilizando diferentes montagens de eletrodo. Da Gerência Educacional dos Recursos Naturais é apresentado o resultado do estudo das variações morfo-sedimentares nos canais de despesca de uma fazenda de criação de camarão, bem como suas implicações ambientais. A Gerência Educacional de Tecnologia da Informação nos apresenta o estudo CSCW - Trabalho cooperativo suportado por computador, e finalmente, da Gerência Educacional de Tecnologia da Construção Civil e Gestão do Espaço Físico Social é apresentado o resultado de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo principal é propor uma alternativa de utilização de resíduos de pneus reciclados para fabricação blocos de concreto para alvenaria de vedação.
Continuamos com o recebimento contínuo de contribuições para publicação e esperamos estar lançando a próxima edição no mês de agosto de 2005.
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Yavtushenko, Ivan V., Svitlana M. Nazarenko, Oleksandr V. Katrushov, and Vitalii O. Kostenko. "QUERCETIN LIMITS THE PROGRESSION OF OXIDATIVE AND NITROSATIVE STRESS IN THE RATS’ TISSUES AFTER EXPERIMENTAL TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 10 (2020): 2127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202010104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim: To investigate the effect of water-soluble form of quercetin on the indices reflecting the progression of oxidative-nitrosative stress in the cerebral tissues and the periodontium of rats after experimental TBI. Materials and methods: The studies were conducted on 30 white rats of the Wistar line weighing 180-220 g, divided into 3 groups: the 1st group included pseudo-injured animals (subjected to ether anaesthesia, fixation without TBI modeling), the 2nd group included the animals exposed to modeled moderate TBI, the 3rd group involved the rats, which were given injections with water-soluble form of quercetin (corvitin, “Borshchahivskiy CPP”, Ukraine) intraperitoneally in a daily dose of 10 mg/kg recalculated for quercetin for 7 days following the TBI modeling. The formation of superoxide radical anion (.О2 -), activity of NO-synthase – total (NOS), its constitutive and inducible isoforms (cNOS, iNOS) – and concentration of peroxynitrite were evaluated spectrophotometrically. The level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the tissues was evaluated by the formationof a stained trimethine complex during the reaction of tiobarbituric acid (TBA). The activity of the antioxidant system was assessed by increasing in the concentration of TBA active products during 1.5 hour incubation in iron-ascorbate buffer solution, as well as by the activity of antioxidant enzymes – superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Results: The use of quercetin under the experimental conditions significantly reduced the О2 - generation by NADPH- and NADH-dependent electron transport chains by 30.2 and 35.0% (in the cerebral hemispheres) and by 23.5 and 32.5% (in the soft periodontal tissues), respectively, compared to the findings in the 2nd group. The production of this radical by leukocyte NADPH oxidase in these organs was inferior to the value of the 2nd group by 39.3 and 29.9%. We revealed that the use of quercetin in the experimental conditions probably reduced the activity of NOS, including iNOS, by 38.2 and 45.3% (in the cerebral hemispheres) and by 53.5 and 66.9% (in the soft periodontal tissues), respectively, compared with the findings in the 2nd group. Under these conditions, the cNOS activity went up by 50.0% and doubled, the peroxynitrite content was lower by 19.5 and 32.1% than that in the 2nd group. The administration of quercetin in the experimental conditions significantly reduced the concentration of TBA-active products in the homogenate of cerebral hemispheres and soft periodontal tissues. The development of decompensated LPO is also confirmed by a decrease in the activity of SOD and catalase. Conclusions: on the 7th day after modeling moderate TBI in rats the signs of oxidative-nitrosative stress are found not only in locus morbi (in the tissue of the cerebral hemisphere), but also in distant organs (periodontal tissues). Applying of water-soluble form of quercetin significantly reduces signs of oxidative-nitrosative stress in the tissue of the cerebral hemisphere of rats, as well as in periodontal tissues on the 7th day after moderate TBI modeling.
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Karol, James, Lisa Rybicki, John Sweetenham, Mitchell R. Smith, Brian T. Hill, Brad Pohlman, Deepa Jagadeesh, et al. "Similar Incidence Of Febrile Neutropenia With Same-Day Versus Subsequent Day G-CSF Administration In Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Receiving R-CHOP Chemotherapy." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4357.4357.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background The chemotherapy regimen of Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (R-CHOP) every 21 days remains a standard first line treatment for many subtypes of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). R-CHOP chemotherapy carries a significant risk of febrile neutropenia (FN). FN is a potentially life threatening complication which typically requires hospital admission and empiric administration of broad spectrum antibiotics. FN can also cause delays and dose reductions with treatment, which are associated with poorer outcomes. Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSF) are indicated for primary prophylaxis with high risk patients to ameliorate this serious complication of treatment. Prescribing guidelines recommend that G-CSF’s not be given until 24 hours after receiving chemotherapy. However, due to logistical issues of outpatient insurance coverage, travel, and patient convenience, it is not always practical to delay G-CSF administration until the day after chemotherapy. Therefore, some patients at our institution received G-CSF on the same day as chemotherapy. Patients and Methods We identified 113 lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP who also received G-CSF primary prophylaxis at our institution from 6/21/04-1/12/12. G-CSF primary prophylaxis with daily filgrastim or a single dose of pegfilgrastim was administered within the first six days of starting R-CHOP, categorized as either same day (D1) or later (D2+). We retrospectively analyzed FN incidence and associated outcomes in patients receiving growth factor as primary prophylaxis administered the same day compared with >24 hours after chemotherapy. FN was estimated using the cumulative incidence method and compared between groups with the Pepe-Mori test. Cox analysis was used to identify prognostic factors for survival and relapse-free survival. Results In our study, 113 patients received R-CHOP and G-CSF as primary prophylaxis (31 D1, 82 D2+). FN occurred in 8 out of 31 D1 patients (25.8%), and in 21 out of 82 patients in the D2+ group (25.6%). FN incidence did not differ between the two groups (P=0.91). No significant differences in relapse-free or overall survival were observed. Risk factors associated with mortality in multivariable analysis included development of FN (hazard ratio 4.33, 95% CI 1.88-10.0, P<0.001) and receiving R-CHOP while hospitalized as an inpatient (hazard ratio 7.16, 95% CI 3.08-16.6, P<0.001). Conclusions Among patients receiving G-CSF as primary prophylaxis with R-CHOP, we observed no difference in FN between G-CSF administered the same day and D2+. Not surprisingly, the development of FN and receiving R-CHOP while hospitalized, were both found to be significant risk factors associated with mortality. Previous prospective studies showed more severe and prolonged level of neutropenia, with higher rates of FN with same day versus next day administration in a small cohort of R-CHOP treated NHL patients (Burris et al, 2010). In our retrospective study, we were not able to evaluate neutrophil levels at multiple time points throughout each cycle, and longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate other long-term endpoints of potential interest, such as the incidence of secondary myeloid malignancies after same-day versus next-day G-CSF treatment. For patients who require G-CSF support, next day administration remains the recommended schedule. However, same day administration may be a reasonable alternative if access to care and patient compliance are concerns. Disclosures: Hill: Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding.
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Oliveira, Danila, Járede Carvalho Pereira, Pedro Henrique Silva Gomes-Ferreira, and Aline Beatriz Kottwitz. "Prosthetic resolution of malpositioned dental implants with 5-year follow-up." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 457–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i5.4761.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The poor positioning of dental implants directly influences the functional and esthetic result of the implant-supported prosthesis. And as an alternative to correcting the positioning, prosthetic components such as prefabricated and customized abutments may be used. The current study aims to present an alternative resolution for malpositioned dental implants, with the hopes of minimizing damage to osseointegration and gingival tissues. A 53-year-old female patient had two implants in regions 11 and 21 with a height discrepancy of approximately 7 mm between them. The following treatment plan was proposed: the manufacture of two metal-free crowns and the use of a customized abutment to correct the height of the implant. A metal UCLA (Universal Long Castable Abutment) was used as a healer. The case includes 5 years of follow-up. It can be concluded that the use of a customized abutment as a prosthetic solution for an implant installed far below the cervical region of the tooth presented satisfactory esthetic and functional results with peri-implant bone maintenance and long-term gingival health.Descriptors: Dental Implantation; Dental Prosthesis, Esthetics, Dental.ReferênciasGoodacre CJ, Bernal G, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JY. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90(2):121-32.Branemark PI, Hansson BO, Adell R, Breine U, Lindström J, Hallén O, et al. Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Suppl. 1977;16:1-132.Simensen AN, Bøe OE, Berg E, Leknes KN. Patient knowledge and expectations prior to receiving implant-supported restorations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2015;30(1):41-7.Hyland R, Ellis J, Thomason M, El-Feky A, Moynihan P. A qualitative study on patient perspectives of how conventional and implant-supported dentures affect eating. J Dent. 2009;37(9):718-23.Arunyanak SP, Pollini A, Ntounis A, Morton D. Clinician assessments and patient perspectives of single-tooth implant restorations in the esthetic zone of the maxilla: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent. 2017;118(1):10-17. Higginbottom FL. Implants as an option in the esthetic zone. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005; 63(9 Suppl 2):33-44.Moráguez OD, Vailati F, Belser UC. Malpositioned implants in the anterior maxilla: a novel restorative approach to reestablish peri-implant tissue health and acceptable esthetics. Part II: Case report and discussion. Int J Esthet Dent. 2015;10(4):522-32.Pelekanos S, Pozi di G, Kourtis S. Restoration of divergent implants with a 2-piece screw-retained fixed, complete dental implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 2016;115(4):389-92.DeFuria C, Weber HP, Kudara Y, Papaspyridakos P. Management of a Malpositioned Implant in the Anterior Maxilla. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2017;38(3):e9-e12.Scutellà F, Weinstein T, Lazzara R, Testori T. Buccolingual implant position and vertical abutment finish line geometry: two strictly related factors that may influence the implant esthetic outcome. Implant Dent. 2015;24(3):343-8.Funato A, Salama MA, Ishikawa T, Garber DA, Salama H. Timing, positioning, and sequential staging in esthetic implant therapy: a four-dimensional perspective. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2007;27(4):313-23.Pjetursson BE, Asgeirsson AG, Zwahlen M, Sailer I. Improvements in implant dentistry over the last decade: comparison of survival and complication rates in older and newer publications. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2014;29 Suppl:308-24.Fuentealba R, Jofré J. Esthetic failure in implant dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2015;59(1):227-46.Kim DG, Elias KL, Jeong YH, Kwon HJ, Clements M, Brantley WA, et al. Differences between buccal and lingual bone quality and quantity of peri-implant regions. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2016;60:48-55.Arai K, Takeda Y, Mori Y, Terauchi R, Furumori T, Tanaka S, et al. Analysis of factors associated with maintenance discontinuation in implant patients. Springerplus. 2015;12;4:767.
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Sana, Muhammad Khawar, Syed Maaz Abdullah, Saad Javed, Hamid Ehsan, Unaiza Faizan, Farhan Khalid, Ali Jaan, Muhammad Tayyeb, Sikander Abdullah, and Faiz Anwer. "Efficacy of Ixazomib and Bortezomib with Lenalidomide Combination Regimens for Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142274.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Three drug regimen using bortezomib (V), lenalidomide (R), and dexamethasone (d) is a standard first-line treatment modality for multiple myeloma (MM). If compared to bortezomib that can cause neurotoxicity, ixazomib is an oral proteasome inhibitor (PI) with markedly lower chances of neurotoxicity. Ixazomib (I) use showed favorable results in both newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) and relapsed refractory MM (RRMM). This systemic review compares the efficacy and safety outcomes of IRd with VRd in MM patients. Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov on June 9, 2020. We used the MeSH terms for 'multiple myeloma', 'ixazomib', 'bortezomib', 'dexamethasone', 'lenalidomide', and their associated keywords. The search yielded 1117 articles. Screening and data extraction were done following PRISMA guidelines. After excluding case reports, case series, observational studies, review articles, meta-analysis, and retrospective studies, 18 clinical trials (n=2295) were shortlisted of which six assessed IRd and twelve assessed VRd. Results: No direct comparison trial between IRd and VRd was found. Total 1007 patients were evaluable who received IRd (Table 1). Among them 892 had RRMM and 115 had NDMM. Moreover, total 1288 evaluable patients received VRd where 977 had NDMM and 311 had RRMM (Table 3). IRd arm results Among 892 RRMM patients received IRd, Gupta et al. (2015, n=43) reported an overall response rate (ORR) of 65% with 23% achieving a very good partial response (VGPR) and 9% achieving complete response (CR). In TOURMALINE-MM1 Study by Moreau et al. (2016, n=722), authors reported the median progression-free survival (mPFS) as 20.6 months with IRd. The ORR was 78% (95% CI 74-83). Hou et al. (2017, n=115) reported mPFS of 6.7 with IRd. After a median follow-up of 20.2 months, the median overall survival (mOS) was reported to be 25.8 months. The ORR was 56% (95% CI 42-69). 115 NDMM patients received IRd in two clinical tials. Richardson et al. (2018, n=50) in a phase II trial reported an ORR of 94% (95% CI 83-99) with 29% CR and 37% VGPR. The mPFS was 24.9 months (95% CI 17.4-40.5) and 3-year OS was 90% in the intention-to-treat analysis. Kumar et al. (2019, n=65) reported ORR of 88% (CR=23%, VGPR=34%, PR=64%). The mPFS of 35.4 months (95% CI 17.8-44.12) slightly better than the previous study. The mOS was not reached in either of the trials. Any drug-related grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 50% to 80% of participants receiving IRd but were manageable with prompt intervention. VRd arm results NDMM patients, in a phase III trial by Durie et al. (2016, n=471) achieved ORR of 82% (PR=38%, VGPR=28% and CR=16%) with VRd. The mPFS was 43 months and mOS was 75 months, both significantly better than control. Stadtmauer et al. (2019, n=254) results were similar as well with 3-year PFS and OS as 58% and 85% respectively. Kumar et al. (2012, n=42) had a 1-year OS of 100% and PFS of 83%. O'Donnel et al. (2018, n=50) achieved mPFS of 35 months while mOS could not be reached. Luoma et al. (2019, n=78) achieved a 3-year PFS of 52% while OS of 83%. Among the 311 patients who had RRMM, Brojil et al. (2015, n=64) in phase I/II study showed ORR of 89% but mPFS and mOS were limited to 19 and 42 months respectively. In Richardson et al. (2014, n=64) 2-year PFS=36% and OS=65%. Mori et al. (2020, n=68) reported ORR=71% largely driven by PR of 43%. 1-year PFS and OS were 14% and 37% respectively. The toxicity profile with VRd was mostly mild and manageable except for severe neurotoxicity. Conclusion: Based on the data, IRd and VRd combinations have shown comparable efficacy and safety outcomes in MM patients. IRd based all-oral regimen is showing favorable outcomes, especially in RRMM patients. Future trials to compare IRd vs VRd are recommended for NDMM and RDMM patients. Disclosures Anwer: Incyte, Seattle Genetics, Acetylon Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Celegene, Millennium Pharmaceuticals.: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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Ono, Keiko, Hideki Tsujimura, Akiyasu Satou, Xiaofei Wang, Takeaki Sugawara, Mikiko Ise, and Kyoya Kumagai. "Retrospective Study of the Optimal CHOP Dose for Elderly Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4211.4211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of malignant lymphoma, and the number of elderly patients with DLBCL is increasing. While rituximab plus CHOP (R-CHOP) therapy is considered as the standard first-line treatment for DLBCL, elderly patients are often frail and unable to tolerate the standard dose of R-CHOP. Fifteen years ago, we conducted a prospective study to investigate optimal reduced doses of CHOP therapy for patients aged 65-79 years and those older than 79 years. We concluded that 5/6 (83%) and 7/12 (58%) doses of standard CHOP are effective and tolerable for these two age groups, respectively (Mori M, et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2001;41:359-66). Since then, we have applied this strategy with the standard dose of rituximab. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of reduced R-CHOP therapy for elderly patients, we performed a retrospective analysis. Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients aged 65 years or older with newly diagnosed DLBCL, who underwent R-CHOP therapy from August 2010 to December 2013. Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma were excluded from this study because R-CHOP therapy alone is not considered as standard for these diseases. We calculated the relative dose intensity (RDI), dividing the actually used doses of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin by the interval between each course compared with the standard doses (750 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide and 50 mg/m2 doxorubicin every 21 days). Results: During the study period, data were collected from 100 patients (56 males and 44 females) with a median age of 74 (65-86) years. Sixty patients had advanced stages, 40 patients had a score of at least one in the Charlson comorbidity index (Charlson ME, et al. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40:373-83), 18 patients had a poor performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status: ≥2), and 14 patients were older than 79 years. The overall response rate was 93%, and the complete response (CR) rate was 81%. Three-year overall survival (3-yr OS) was 78%. In comparison with the international prognostic index (IPI), 3-yr OS was 100% (IPI: low, n=26), 94% (IPI: low-intermediate, n=17), 71% (IPI: high-intermediate, n=24), and 58% (IPI: high, n=33). Hematologically adverse events were generally tolerable. No patient experienced a grade 4 hemoglobin decrease, and only four patients experienced a grade 4 platelet decrease. Although 55 patients received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, a grade 4 leukocyte decrease was common (n=38) and febrile neutropenia (FN) was often seen (n=21). Patients who experienced FN had a significantly shorter OS (p=0.04). With a median follow up of 44.4 months, 20 patients experienced disease progression and 15 patients died after progression. Five patients remained in CR but died of other types of cancer. The other seven patients died of other causes. The median RDI was 0.81 in patients aged 65-79 years and 0.58 in patients older than 79 years. These doses were very similar to the originally intended doses of 5/6 (0.83) for younger patients and 7/12 (0.58) for older patients. The older group tended to show shorter OS (3-yr OS: 64%). However, recurrence rates of the two groups were very similar. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that rituximab plus 5/6 or 7/12 doses of CHOP therapy are effective and tolerable for elderly patients aged 65-79 years and those older than 79 years, respectively. It is noteworthy that the prognosis of patients with an IPI score of ≤2 was very satisfactory. Based on these results, the dose intensity does not have to be increased for these low risk groups. It is possible that increasing the dose intensity in high risk (IPI score: ≥3) patients improves the outcome. However, high risk patients tend to have much tumor burden and a poor performance status. In this group, higher dose chemotherapy will also increase the risk of developing FN and might be associated with inferior OS. Treatment of frail elderly patients with high-risk DLBCL is extremely challenging, and we need to gain further experience. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Tamai, H., Y. Kaneko, H. Kameda, M. Kuwana, Y. Okano, T. Ishii, K. Ikeda, et al. "AB0253 COMPARISON OF PHARMACODYNAMICS OF METHOTREXATE AS METHOTREXATE-POLYGLUTAMATES CONCENTRATIONS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; INTERIM DATA EVALUATION OF MIRACLE STUDY CONDUCTED IN JAPAN, KOREA AND TAIWAN." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.762.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The concentrations of MTX-polyglutamates (PG) in erythrocytes, an active form of MTX, are useful markers for the optimal usage of MTX in patients with RA. The concentrations of MTX-PG have been reported to be different between Japanese and Caucasians. However, the difference among Asian ethnicity remains unclear.Objectives:To examine MTX-PG concentrations in association with MTX dose during the first 24 weeks after the initiation of MTX for newly diagnosed RA patients in Japan, Korea and Taiwan.Methods:MIRACLE study is a multicenter, open-label, randomized, 48 weeks interventional study conducted in Japan, Korea and Taiwan to evaluate non-inferiority of low dose to high dose of MTX as an add-on therapy to adalimumab in 300 patients with RA who do not achieve remission after 24 weeks MTX monotherapy in stipulated dosage. In the first 24 weeks, MTX was started at 6 to 8 mg/week for newly diagnosed RA patients, and promptly escalated to the maximum tolerable dose in 12 weeks in principle. This interim data evaluation was intended to investigate the differences among countries in the relationship between MTX dose, safety and MTX-PG concentrations in erythrocytes during the first 24 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment is not included at this point.Results:A total of 166 patients (106 in Japan, 35 in Korea, 25 in Taiwan) were included in this interim data. The age at treatment initiation was 57.2 years old on average and female was 79.5%. The time course changes in total and individual MTX-PG levels differed in the three countries. At 24 weeks, whereas the mean total MTX-PG concentrations were comparable (112.9 nmol/L in Japan, 104.4 nmol/L in Korea, and 115.7 nmol/L in Taiwan) with a dose of MTX of 12.3 mg/week, 14.1 mg/week, and 12.2 mg/week, respectively, the individual MTX-PG concentrations were different. The MTX-PG1 and MTX-PG2 concentrations were lower in Korea than Japan and Taiwan whereas MTX-PG3, MTX-PG4 and MTX-PG5 concentrations were the highest in Korea.Conclusion:The distribution of short-chain and long-chain MTX-PG concentrations were various among Asian countries despite similar dose of MTX administration: NCT03505008.Disclosure of Interests:Hiroya Tamai: None declared, Yuko Kaneko Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Hisamitsu, Jansen, Kissei, Kirin, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda, Tanabe-Mitsubishi, and UCB., Grant/research support from: Sanofi, Hideto Kameda Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eisai, Masataka Kuwana Speakers bureau: Astellas, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Chugai, Eisai, Janssen, Mochida, Nippon Shinyaku, Ono Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Consultant of: Corbus, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Chugai, Eisai, MBL, Nippon Shinyaku, Ono Pharmaceuticals, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Yutaka Okano: None declared, Tomonori Ishii Speakers bureau: Chugai, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, Glaxo Smith Kline, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Janssen, AbbVie, Eisai, Astellas, Kei Ikeda Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Eisai, BMS, Grant/research support from: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Hiroaki Taguchi: None declared, Shinji Sato: None declared, Toshiaki Miyamoto: None declared, Shintaro Hirata Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Glaxo Smith Kline, Kissei, Pfizer, Sanofi, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, UCB, Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eisai, Gilead, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Chugai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, UCB, Hidekata Yasuoka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas, Daiichi- Sankyo, Eisai, Kissei, Takeda, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, Chugai, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Janssen, Sanofi, Teijin, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Bayer, Glaxo Smith Kline, Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Grant/research support from: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Takeda, Daiichi-Sankyo, Chugai, Bristol-Myers, MSD, Astellas, Toshihisa Kojima Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, Eisai, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Sung-Hwan Park: None declared, Kichul Shin: None declared, Han Joo Baek: None declared, Yun Jong Lee Grant/research support from: research fund, In Ah Choi Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Eizai, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Eizai, Jinhyun Kim: None declared, Ping-Ning Hsu: None declared, Chang-Fu Kuo: None declared, Chun-Ming Huang Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Pfizer, Meng-Yu Weng Consultant of: AbbVie, Wan-Yu Sung: None declared, Wen-Chan Tsai: None declared, Tien-Tsai Cheng Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Takehiro Taninaga Shareholder of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Employee of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Masahiko Mori Shareholder of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Employee of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Hideaki Miyagishi Employee of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Yasunori Sato: None declared, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: Astellas, Abbvie, Daiichi Sankyo, Ayumi, Eisai, GlaxoSmithKline, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Chugai, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, UCB, TaishoToyama, Sanofi–Aventis, Nipponkayaku, Taiho, Gilead, Boehringer Ingelheim, Grant/research support from: Asahikasei, Astellas, Abbvie, Daiichi Sankyo, Ayumi, Eisai, Takeda, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Chugai, Eli Lilly, UCB, Sanofi–Aventis, Nipponkayaku, Boehringer Ingelheim
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Nasirillaev, Bakhtiyar U., Murodkhuja A. Abdikodirov, and Mamura F. Khalilova. "Development of a new genetic method of improving the Mulberry Silkworm Bombyx Mori L. breed balanced on Embryonic Z-Lethal." International journal of health sciences, April 13, 2022, 4454–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6ns1.5919.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem of artificial control of sex has become important for the genetics and selection of many beneficial animals, which has not lost its relevance even in the current period. This article reveals the results of research on the improvement of the unique C-8ngl breed of Bombyx Mori L. mulberry silkworm balanced on embryonic Z-lethal and sex-limited in the egg stage with a simple genetic system of high-tech with fine silk features. In the experiment, sex-limited C-8ngl breed of Bombyx mori L. mulberry silkworm in the egg stage and balanced on embryonic Z-lethal, also sex-limited trw2w2 × L-67 line, as well as non-sex-limited simple L-28 line, were used. In the second stage of improvement, an analyzer crossing was performed using translocation lines sex-limited in the egg stage to obtain information on which of the double lethal was present in the obtained F1, F2, F3 аnd F4 generation genotype. Genetic schemes have been developed to monitor ℓ1 and ℓ2 embryonic lethal attached to the Z chromosome in F1, F2, F3 аnd F4 generations obtained by backcrossing and to show the extent to which they are present in each generation.
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Bakker, Benjamin, and Andrei Jorza. "Lagrangian 4-planes in holomorphic symplectic varieties of K3[4]-type." Open Mathematics 12, no. 7 (January 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11533-013-0389-3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractWe classify the cohomology classes of Lagrangian 4-planes ℙ4 in a smooth manifold X deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of four points on a K3 surface, up to the monodromy action. Classically, the Mori cone of effective curves on a K3 surface S is generated by nonnegative classes C, for which (C, C) ≥ 0, and nodal classes C, for which (C, C) = −2; Hassett and Tschinkel conjecture that the Mori cone of a holomorphic symplectic variety X is similarly controlled by “nodal” classes C such that (C, C) = −γ, for (·,·) now the Beauville-Bogomolov form, where γ classifies the geometry of the extremal contraction associated to C. In particular, they conjecture that for X deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of n points on a K3 surface, the class C = ℓ of a line in a smooth Lagrangian n-plane ℙn must satisfy (ℓ,ℓ) = −(n + 3)/2. We prove the conjecture for n = 4 by computing the ring of monodromy invariants on X, and showing there is a unique monodromy orbit of Lagrangian 4-planes.
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Seppänen, Henrik, and Valdemar V. Tsanov. "Unstable Loci in Flag Varieties and Variation of Quotients." International Mathematics Research Notices, October 19, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnaa268.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We consider the action of a semisimple subgroup $\hat{G}$ of a semisimple complex group $G$ on the flag variety $X=G/B$ and the linearizations of this action by line bundles $\mathcal L$ on $X$. We give an explicit description of the associated unstable locus in dependence of $\mathcal L$, as well as a formula for its (co)dimension. We observe that the codimension is equal to 1 on the regular boundary of the $\hat{G}$-ample cone and grows towards the interior in steps by 1, in a way that the line bundles with unstable locus of codimension at least $q$ form a convex polyhedral cone. We also give a description and a recursive algorithm for determining all GIT-classes in the $\hat{G}$-ample cone of $X$. As an application, we give conditions ensuring the existence of GIT-classes $C$ with an unstable locus of codimension at least two and which moreover yield geometric GIT quotients. Such quotients $Y_C$ reflect global information on $\hat{G}$-invariants. They are always Mori dream spaces, and the Mori chambers of the pseudoeffective cone $\overline{\textrm{Eff}}(Y_C)$ correspond to the GIT chambers of the $\hat{G}$-ample cone of $X$. Moreover, all rational contractions $f: Y_{C} \ \scriptsize{-}\scriptsize{-}{\scriptsize{-}\kern-5pt\scriptsize{>}}\ Y^{\prime}$ to normal projective varieties $Y^{\prime}$ are induced by GIT from linearizations of the action of $\hat{G}$ on $X$. In particular, this is shown to hold for a diagonal embedding $\hat{G} \hookrightarrow (\hat{G})^k$, with sufficiently large $k$.
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Beder, Thomas, Olufemi Aromolaran, Jürgen Dönitz, Sofia Tapanelli, Eunice O. Adedeji, Ezekiel Adebiyi, Gregor Bucher, and Rainer Koenig. "Identifying essential genes across eukaryotes by machine learning." NAR Genomics and Bioinformatics 3, no. 4 (October 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nargab/lqab110.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Identifying essential genes on a genome scale is resource intensive and has been performed for only a few eukaryotes. For less studied organisms essentiality might be predicted by gene homology. However, this approach cannot be applied to non-conserved genes. Additionally, divergent essentiality information is obtained from studying single cells or whole, multi-cellular organisms, and particularly when derived from human cell line screens and human population studies. We employed machine learning across six model eukaryotes and 60 381 genes, using 41 635 features derived from the sequence, gene function information and network topology. Within a leave-one-organism-out cross-validation, the classifiers showed high generalizability with an average accuracy close to 80% in the left-out species. As a case study, we applied the method to Tribolium castaneum and Bombyx mori and validated predictions experimentally yielding similar performances. Finally, using the classifier based on the studied model organisms enabled linking the essentiality information of human cell line screens and population studies.
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Levin, Michal, Marion Scheibe, and Falk Butter. "Proteotranscriptomics assisted gene annotation and spatial proteomics of Bombyx mori BmN4 cell line." BMC Genomics 21, no. 1 (October 6, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-07088-7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Background The process of identifying all coding regions in a genome is crucial for any study at the level of molecular biology, ranging from single-gene cloning to genome-wide measurements using RNA-seq or mass spectrometry. While satisfactory annotation has been made feasible for well-studied model organisms through great efforts of big consortia, for most systems this kind of data is either absent or not adequately precise. Results Combining in-depth transcriptome sequencing and high resolution mass spectrometry, we here use proteotranscriptomics to improve gene annotation of protein-coding genes in the Bombyx mori cell line BmN4 which is an increasingly used tool for the analysis of piRNA biogenesis and function. Using this approach we provide the exact coding sequence and evidence for more than 6200 genes on the protein level. Furthermore using spatial proteomics, we establish the subcellular localization of thousands of these proteins. We show that our approach outperforms current Bombyx mori annotation attempts in terms of accuracy and coverage. Conclusions We show that proteotranscriptomics is an efficient, cost-effective and accurate approach to improve previous annotations or generate new gene models. As this technique is based on de-novo transcriptome assembly, it provides the possibility to study any species also in the absence of genome sequence information for which proteogenomics would be impossible.