Готові списки джерел за темами / Monolithic sensor

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Monolithic sensor"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Monolithic sensor"

1

Tabata, O., H. Inagaki, and I. Igarashi. "Monolithic pressure-flow sensor." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 34, no. 12 (December 1987): 2456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-ed.1987.23335.

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2

Deng, W., G. Aglieri Rinella, M. Aresti, J. Baudot, F. Benotto, S. Beole, W. Bialas, et al. "Design of an analog monolithic pixel sensor prototype in TPSCo 65 nm CMOS imaging technology." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 01 (January 1, 2023): C01065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/01/c01065.

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Abstract A series of monolithic active pixel sensor prototypes (APTS chips) were manufactured in the TPSCo 65 nm CMOS imaging process in the framework of the CERN-EP R&D on monolithic sensors and the ALICE ITS3 upgrade project. Each APTS chip contains a 4 × 4 pixel matrix with fast analog outputs buffered to individual pads. To explore the process and sensor characteristics, various pixel pitches (10 µm–25 µm), geometries and reverse biasing schemes were included. Prototypes are fully functional with detailed sensor characterization ongoing. The design will be presented with some experimental results also correlating to some transistor measurements.
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3

Zhang, Zheng Yuan, Cao Yang, Yong Mei, Zhi Cheng Feng, Xiao Gang Li, Jian Gen Li, and Guo Xiang Hu. "A Monolithic Integrated Pressure Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 503 (February 2012): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.503.8.

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pressure sensor, CrSi resistor networks, temperature compensation. Abstract. In this paper, focused on especial requirement monolithic integrated resistance pressure sensor, pressure structure, signal processing circuits and process compatible technology of sensor and IC were studied. The feebleness pressure signal monitoring circuits was designed, high precision CrSi resistor networks was used for temperature compensation of resistance pressure sensor, and a monolithic integrated pressure sensor only 2.3×2.3mm2 was obtained. The measuring results are as follows, measurement range is 5-115kPa, the maximum Vout is more than 4.5V, sensitivity is 1.2%.
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4

Gao, Hao, Marion K. Matters-Kammerer, and Peter G. M. Baltus. "Power-Reduced Monolithic Wireless Sensor." IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology 2, no. 2 (June 2018): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jerm.2018.2825226.

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5

Asano, Shogo, Yasuyuki Nakano, Toru Fukuda, and Yoshiro Tomikawa. "Subminiature Monolithic Piezoelectric Gyro-Sensor." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 41, Part 1, No. 5B (May 30, 2002): 3389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.41.3389.

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6

Cecconi, L., F. Piro, J. L. A. de Melo, W. Deng, G. H. Hong, W. Snoeys, M. Mager, et al. "Design and readout architecture of a monolithic binary active pixel sensor in TPSCo 65 nm CMOS imaging technology." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 02 (February 1, 2023): C02025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/c02025.

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Abstract The Digital Pixel Test Structure (DPTS) is a monolithic active pixel sensor prototype chip designed to explore the TPSCo 65 nm ISC process in the framework of the CERN-EP R&D on monolithic sensors and the ALICE ITS3 upgrade. It features a 32 × 32 binary pixel matrix at 15 μm pitch with event-driven readout, with GHz range time-encoded digital signals including Time-Over-Threshold. The chip proved fully functional and efficient in testbeam allowing early verification of the complete sensor to readout chain. This paper focuses on the design, in particular the digital readout and its perspectives with some supporting results.
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7

Vicente Leitao, P., G. Aglieri Rinella, S. Bugiel, L. Cecconi, J. L. A. de Melo, G. De Robertis, W. Deng, et al. "Development of a Stitched Monolithic Pixel Sensor prototype (MOSS chip) towards the ITS3 upgrade of the ALICE Inner Tracking system." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 01 (January 1, 2023): C01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/01/c01044.

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Abstract The MOnolithic Stitched Sensor (MOSS) is a development prototype chip towards the ITS3 vertexing detector for the ALICE experiment at the LHC. Designed using a 65 nm CMOS Imaging technology, it aims at profiting from the stitching technique to construct a single-die monolithic pixel detector of 1.4 cm × 26 cm. The MOSS prototype is one of the prototypes developed within the CERN-EP R&D framework to learn how to make stitched wafer-scale sensors with satisfactory yield. This contribution will describe some of the design challenges of a stitched pixel sensor and the techniques adopted during the development of this prototype.
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8

Raciti, B., Y. Gao, R. Schimassek, A. Andreazza, Z. Feng, H. Fox, Y. Han, et al. "Characterisation of HV-MAPS ATLASPix3 and its applications for future lepton colliders." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 09 (September 1, 2022): C09031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/09/c09031.

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Abstract HV-MAPS are a novel type of CMOS depleted active pixel sensors for ionizing particles, implemented in standard CMOS processes, that have been proposed in several future particle physics experiments for particle tracking. In depleted monolithic sensors, the sensor element is the n-well/p-substrate diode. The sensor matrix and the readout are integrated in one single piece of silicon and the electronics is embedded in shallow wells inside deep n-wells, isolated from the substrate. High voltage biasing increases the depth of the depletion region, improving sensor properties as signal amplitude, charge collection speed and radiation tolerance. ATLASPix3 is the first full reticle size high voltage Monolithic Active Pixel CMOS sensor, designed to meet the specifications of the outer layers of the ATLAS inner tracker (ITk). Its thin design, the excellent position resolution, high readout rate and high radiation tolerance make ATLASPix3 an ideal candidate for large-area tracking detector R&D of future collider experiments such as the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) silicon tracker.
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9

Davis, Bradford S., Tim Denison, and Jinbo Kuang. "A Monolithic High-G SOI-MEMS Accelerometer for Measuring Projectile Launch and Flight Accelerations." Shock and Vibration 13, no. 2 (2006): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/793564.

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Analog Devices (ADI) has designed and fabricated a monolithic high-g acceleration sensor (ADXSTC3-HG) fabricated with the ADI silicon-on-insulator micro-electro-mechanical system (SOI-MEMS) process. The SOI-MEMS sensor structure has a thickness of 10 um, allowing for the design of inertial sensors with excellent cross-axis rejection. The high-g accelerometer discussed in this paper was designed to measure in-plane acceleration to 10,000 g while subjected to 100,000 g in the orthogonal axes. These requirements were intended to meet Army munition applications. The monolithic sensor was packaged in an 8-pin leadless chip carrier (LCC-8) and was successfully demonstrated by the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) as part of an inertial measurement unit during an instrumented flight experiment of artillery projectiles launched at 15,000 g.
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10

Xu, Xiang-Yuan, Hao Ge, Jing Zhao, Zhi-Fei Chen, Jun Zhang, Ming-Hui Lu, Ming Bao, Yan-Feng Chen, and Xiao-Dong Li. "A monolithic three-dimensional thermal convective acoustic vector sensor with acoustic-transparent heat sink." JASA Express Letters 2, no. 4 (April 2022): 044001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010275.

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An acoustic vector sensor can directly detect acoustic particle velocity based on the measured temperature difference between closely spaced heated wires. For the detection of velocity in three dimensions, an integrated three-dimensional (3 D) sensor is desired, but it remains challenging in MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) manufacturing. Here, a novel monolithic 3 D acoustic vector sensor is proposed, which is constructed using in-plane distributed wires assembled with acoustically transparent heat sink. The planar MEMS structure of the proposed sensor makes it easy to be fabricated and packaged. This work offers a new method for the design of acoustic vector sensors and other thermal convection-based MEMS sensors.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Monolithic sensor"

1

McCann, Donald F. "A Monolithic Spiral Coil Acoustic Transduction Sensor for Chemical and Biological Analytes." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2010. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCannDF2010.pdf.

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Fernandez-Perez, Sonia. "A novel depleted monolithic active pixel sensor for future high energy physics detectors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385732.

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El Gran Colisionador de Hadrones (LHC) tiene previsto aumentar su luminosidad hasta siete veces su valor actual con el objetivo de ampliar su actual programa de física. Esta mejora se conoce con el nombre de High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) y está prevista para el año 2024-2026. El actual Inner Detector (ID) del detector de ALTAS será completamente reemplazado por uno nuevo para ajustarse a los rigurosos requisitos que impone el HL-LHC. Nuevos detectores de píxeles están siendo investigados para su utilización en todo el ID cuando el HL-LHC entre en operación. La utilización de sensores de píxeles tipo monolítico dentro del ID de ATLAS supondría una nueva era para los detectores de píxeles en física de altas energías debido a sus muchas ventajas con respecto a las tecnologías que se usan actualmente. Las principales ventajas son: mejor resolución espacial, menor densidad, mayor rendimiento, y menor coste. En este contexto, un nuevo tipo de sensor monolítico conocido como Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor on silicon-on-insulator ha sido investigado en esta tesis. El capítulo 1 describe el LHC, el experimento ATLAS, y las mejoras previstas para el HL-LHC. Este capítulo también describe los requerimientos y desafíos del futuro Inner Detector, al ser el subdetector más cercano al punto de interacción. El capítulo 2 describe la base de los detectores de partículas en física de altas energías. Este capítulo abarca la interacción de partículas con la materia, los conceptos básicos para la construcción de un detector de píxeles, y la resolución de momento transverso, vértice, y parámetro de impacto de un detector. El capítulo 3 describe los daños que la radiación produce en detectores de silicio, tanto en la electrónica como en el sensor, cuyo impacto es crucial en el rendimiento de los detectores especialmente para experimentos en el HL-LHC. El capítulo 4 revisa la evolución y tendencias en detectores de pixeles, abarcando desde los ya bien establecidos pixel híbridos, hasta los CMOS píxeles. La sección dedicada a los CMOS píxeles describe los diferentes tipos que se están considerando en ATLAS: High resistivity CMOS, high voltage CMOS, y monolíticos CMOS-on-SOI. Este ultimo compone el núcleo de estudio de esta tesis y es descrito en detalle. Los siguientes capítulos detallan el programa de caracterización y medidas realizado en el contexto de esta tesis. El capitulo 5 se centra en la caracterización del daño creado por la radiación en la electrónica hasta las dosis esperadas en el ID de ATLAS durante su operación en el HL-LHC. Las propiedades del detector, como son las corrientes de fuga, el cociente entre señal y ruido, la colección de carga y la profundidad de depleción, son descritas en el capitulo 6. El Capítulo 7 describe la caracterización de sensores monolíticos CMOS-on-SOI en un haz de piones, donde la colección de carga, el reparto de carga entre píxeles, la resolución espacial, y la eficiencia son discutidas. Este trabajo concluye con un resumen, con vistas al futuro de las tecnologías monolíticas CMOS-on-SOI en la física de altas energías.
A major upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) called High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is scheduled for 2024-2026. This will lead to an increase of the luminosity by seven times the current value and to the extension of the currently ongoing physics programme. A completely new Inner Detector for the ATLAS experiment needs to be developed to withstand the extremely harsh environment at the HL-LHC. New pixel detector concepts are being investigated as a possible candidate to the inner and outer layers of the HL-LHC ATLAS Inner Detector. The use of monolithic pixel sensors in the ATLAS Inner Tracker would lead to a new era of pixel detectors as a consequence of its many advantages with respect to the current technologies. The achievement of smaller spatial resolution, lower density, bigger production yield and throughput, and smaller budget cost are the main arguments to pursue this technology. In this context, a novel Depleted Monolithic Pixel Active Detector built on a thick film Silicon-On-Insulator has been fully investigated in this thesis. Chapter 1 introduces LHC and the ATLAS experiment as well as their foreseen scenarios at the HL-LHC upgrade. This naturally motivates the stringent requirements and challenges of the closest sub-detector to the interaction point, the Inner Detector. Chapter 2 describes the basis of a tracking detector for high energy physics applications, detailing the interactions of particles with matter to the formation of a pixel detector from a semiconductor material. Then the momentum, vertex, and impact parameter resolution of a tracking detector are calculated leading to a set of requirements for the detector design. Chapter 3 describes the radiation damage in silicon detectors whose impact to the detector performance is crucial specially for HL-LHC experiments. The radiation damage in the electronics and in the silicon bulk is treated. Chapter 4 revises the current developments and trends on pixel detectors from the well established hybrid pixel technologies to the commercial CMOS pixels. The commercial CMOS pixels section describes the current technologies being considered at ATLAS: high resistivity, high voltage CMOS (currently built as hybrid and as monolithic), and monolithic CMOS-on-SOI. The latter one composes the core of study of this thesis and is described in great detail. The final chapters are dedicated to the description of the validation programme performed to the CMOS-on-SOI technology, together with characterization methods used, measurements performed, and results analysis description. Chapter 5 focuses on the measurements performed to characterize the radiation hardness of the technology against the ionizing radiation expected in the HL-LHC ATLAS detector. The crucial charge collection properties to fulfil the ATLAS detector requirements were measured and are described in Chapter 6. These measurements include leakage current, signal-to-noise ratio, collected charge, and depletion depth on unirradiated and irradiated samples. Additionally, different techniques as radioactive sources, pion beams, and laser beams were used in order to calculate the depletion depth. Chapter 7 describes the characterization of the monolithic CMOS-on-SOI in a pion beam test. The measured charge collection, charge sharing, spatial resolution, and tracking efficiency are discussed. Within the summary, an outlook towards the future of depleted monolithic active pixel sensors on silicon-on-insulator technology for high energy physics is presented.
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Rugeland, Patrik. "Applications of monolithic fiber interferometers and actively controlled fibers." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Laserfysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118750.

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The objective of this thesis was to develop applications of monolithic fiber devices and actively controlled fibers. A special twin-core fiber known as a ‘Gemini’ fiber was used to construct equal arm-length fiber interferometers, impervious to temperature and mechanical perturbations. A broadband add/drop multiplexer was constructed by inscribing fiber Bragg gratings in the arms of a Gemini Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A broadband interferometric nanosecond switch was constructed from a micro-structured Gemini fiber with incorporated metal electrodes. Additionally, a Michelson fiber interferometer was built from an asymmetric twin-core fiber and used as a high-temperature sensor. While the device could be readily used to measure temperatures below 300 °C, an annealing process was required to extend the range up to 700 °C. The work included development, construction and evaluation of the components along with numerical simulations to estimate their behaviors and to understand the underlying processes. The thesis also explored the use of electrically controlled fibers for filtering in the microwave domain. An ultra-narrow phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating inscribed in a fiber with internal electrodes was used as a scanning filter to measure modulation frequencies applied to an optical carrier. A similar grating was used inside a dual-wavelength fiber laser cavity, to generated tunable microwave beat frequencies. The studied monolithic fiber interferometers and actively controlled fibers provide excellent building blocks in such varied field as in microwave photonics, telecommunications, sensors, and high-speed switching, and will allow for further applications in the future.
Syftet med denna avhandling var att utveckla tillämpningar av monolitiska fiber komponenter samt aktivt kontrollerbara fiber. En speciell tvillingkärnefiber, även kallad ’Geminifiber’ användes för att konstruera fiber interferometrar med identisk armlängd som ej påverkas av termiska och mekaniska variationer. En bredbanding utbytarmultiplexor konstruerades genom att skriva in fiber Bragg gitter inuti grenarna på en Gemini Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Geminifibrer med interna metallelektroder användes för att konstruera en bredbandig nanosekundsnabb interferometrisk fiberomkopplare. Därtill användes en tvillingkärnefiber som en hög-temperatursensor. Även om komponenten direkt kan användas upp till 300 °C, måste den värmebehandlas för att kunna användas upp till 700 °C. Arbetet har innefattat utveckling, konstruktion och utvärdering av komponenterna parallellt med numeriska simuleringar för att analysera deras beteenden samt få insikt om de underliggande fysikaliska processerna. Avhandlingen behandlar även tillämpningar av en elektriskt styrbar fiber för att filtrera radiofrekvenser. Ett ultrasmalt fasskiftat fiber Bragg gitter skrevs in i en fiber med interna elektroder och användes som ett svepande filter för att mäta modulationsfrekvensen på en optisk bärfrekvens. Ett liknande gitter användes inuti en laserkavitet för att generera två olika våglängder samtidigt. Dessa två våglängder användes sedan för att generera en svävningsfrekvens i mikrovågsbandet. De undersökta monolitiska fiberinterferometrarna och de aktivt styrbara fibrerna erbjuder en utmärkt byggsten inom så pass skiljda områden som Mikrovågsfotonik, Telekommunikation, Sensorer samt Höghastighets-omkopplare och bör kunna användas inom många olika tillämpningar i framtiden.

QC 20130226

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4

Alberghi, Gian Luigi <1971&gt. "The APSEL4D Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor and its Usage in a Single Electron Interference Experiment." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6346/1/TesiConFrontespizio.pdf.

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We have realized a Data Acquisition chain for the use and characterization of APSEL4D, a 32 x 128 Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor, developed as a prototype for frontier experiments in high energy particle physics. In particular a transition board was realized for the conversion between the chip and the FPGA voltage levels and for the signal quality enhancing. A Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA was used for real time data processing, for the chip control and the communication with a Personal Computer through a 2.0 USB port. For this purpose a firmware code, developed in VHDL language, was written. Finally a Graphical User Interface for the online system monitoring, hit display and chip control, based on windows and widgets, was realized developing a C++ code and using Qt and Qwt dedicated libraries. APSEL4D and the full acquisition chain were characterized for the first time with the electron beam of the transmission electron microscope and with 55Fe and 90Sr radioactive sources. In addition, a beam test was performed at the T9 station of the CERN PS, where hadrons of momentum of 12 GeV/c are available. The very high time resolution of APSEL4D (up to 2.5 Mfps, but used at 6 kfps) was fundamental in realizing a single electron Young experiment using nanometric double slits obtained by a FIB technique. On high statistical samples, it was possible to observe the interference and diffractions of single isolated electrons traveling inside a transmission electron microscope. For the first time, the information on the distribution of the arrival time of the single electrons has been extracted.
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5

Alberghi, Gian Luigi <1971&gt. "The APSEL4D Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor and its Usage in a Single Electron Interference Experiment." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6346/.

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Анотація:
We have realized a Data Acquisition chain for the use and characterization of APSEL4D, a 32 x 128 Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor, developed as a prototype for frontier experiments in high energy particle physics. In particular a transition board was realized for the conversion between the chip and the FPGA voltage levels and for the signal quality enhancing. A Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA was used for real time data processing, for the chip control and the communication with a Personal Computer through a 2.0 USB port. For this purpose a firmware code, developed in VHDL language, was written. Finally a Graphical User Interface for the online system monitoring, hit display and chip control, based on windows and widgets, was realized developing a C++ code and using Qt and Qwt dedicated libraries. APSEL4D and the full acquisition chain were characterized for the first time with the electron beam of the transmission electron microscope and with 55Fe and 90Sr radioactive sources. In addition, a beam test was performed at the T9 station of the CERN PS, where hadrons of momentum of 12 GeV/c are available. The very high time resolution of APSEL4D (up to 2.5 Mfps, but used at 6 kfps) was fundamental in realizing a single electron Young experiment using nanometric double slits obtained by a FIB technique. On high statistical samples, it was possible to observe the interference and diffractions of single isolated electrons traveling inside a transmission electron microscope. For the first time, the information on the distribution of the arrival time of the single electrons has been extracted.
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6

COLLU, ALBERTO. "Development and characterisation of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor prototypes for the upgrade of the ALICE Inner Tracking System." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266792.

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ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is dedicated to the study and characterisation of the Quark-­‐Gluon Plasma (QGP), exploiting the unique potential of ultrarelativistic heavy-­‐ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The increase of the LHC luminosity leading up to about 50 kHz Pb-­‐Pb interaction rate after the second long shutdown (in 2018-­‐2019) will offer the possibility to perform high precision measurements of rare probes over a wide range of momenta. These measurements are statistically limited or not even possible with the present experimental set up. For this reason, an upgrade strategy for several ALICE detectors is being pursued. In particular, it is foreseen to replace the Inner Tracking System (ITS) by a new detector which will significantly improve the tracking and vertexing capabilities of ALICE in the upgrade scenario. The new ITS will have a barrel geometry consisting of seven layers of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) with high granularity, which will fulfil the material budget, readout and radiation hardness requirements for the upgrade. Intensive R&D has been carried out in the last four years on MAPS in the framework of the ALICE ITS upgrade. Various small scale sensors have been designed in the TowerJazz 0.18 um imaging sensor technology to study noise, charge collection efficiency and signal-­‐to-­‐noise ratio. This work presents the main characterization results obtained from the measurements performed on two small scale prototypes (MIMOSA-­‐32 and MIMOSA-­‐32ter) with X-­‐ray sources and beams of particles. The architecture of an innovative full scale MAPS prototype (Alice Pixel Detector, ALPIDE) is also presented that is based on an AC-­‐sensitive front end and on a hit-­‐ driven readout. The first results on the ALPIDE prototype showed that the sensor is fully functional and that it provides performance in terms of readout time, power density and noise much better than the state of the art MAPS based on the rolling shutter readout, which makes this type of sensors very attractive for employment in the new ALICE ITS.
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7

Wang, Xiaoli. "DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CHIRAL MONOLITHIC CAPILLARY COLUMN AND A FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF A SELECTIVE OFF-ON PET SENSOR FOR THE DETECTION OF ZINC IONS." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1159.

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In the first study, a new µ-HPLC column was developed using a monolithic silica gel as a column substrate for chiral separation by covalently modifying with (S, S)-Whelk-O1 chiral selector. The monolithic stationary phase was generated through a sol-gel process and prepared in situ in a 100 µm i.d. fused silica capillary tubing. The chromatographic performance was characterized in terms of retention factor, column efficiency, enantioselectivity and resolution, as well as the kinetics parameters affecting the separation. Comparison with a commercial particle packed HPLC column demonstrates a promising enantioselective resolving ability of the monolithic Whelk-O1 capillary column. The second project focuses on characterization of fluorescent sensor for zinc detection. In this work, we have examined the photophysical properties of the fluorescent probe sensor that has been developed in our laboratory for Zn2+ recognition via a photo-induced electron transfer (PET) sensing mechanism. To characterize the fundamental function of sensor, response curves have been conducted, using acetone/methanol (199:1), 1,4-dioxane, acetone, methanol and aqueous buffer as the solvent system. Similar to prior work from our group, the sensor was found to respond selectively to Zn2+ ions with fluorescence enhancement. The fluorescence properties and binding response were evaluated in the presence of water and a Lewis base, which we found to have a marked effect on the fluorescence signal. The selectivity of the sensor for Zn2+ was also observed and compared to other divalent metal such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ with the goal of learning fundamental information on the system that can aid in the development of future PET based sensors.
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8

Herkert, Adrian [Verfasser], and André [Akademischer Betreuer] Schöning. "Characterization of a Monolithic Pixel Sensor Prototype in HV-CMOS Technology for the High-Luminosity LHC / Adrian Herkert ; Betreuer: André Schöning." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205002774/34.

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9

Marín, Tobón César Augusto. "PADRE pixel read-out architecture for Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor for the new ALICE Inner Tracking System in TowerJazz 180 nm technolog." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/86154.

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ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the heavy-ion experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. As an important part of its upgrade plans, the ALICE experiment will schedule the installation of a new Inner Tracking System (ITS) during the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) of the LHC. The new ITS layout will consist of seven concentric layers, ¿ 12.5 Gigapixel camera covering about 10m2 with Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS). This choice of technology has been guided by the tight requirements on the material budget of 0.3% X/X0 per layer for the three innermost layers and backed by the significant progress in the field of MAPS in recent years. The technology initially chosen for the ITS upgrade is the TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS Technology. It offers a standard epitaxial layer of 15 - 18 µm with a resistivity between 1 and 5 k¿ cm¿1 and a gate oxide thickness below 4 nm, thus being more robust to Total Ionizing Dose (TID). The main subject of this thesis is to implement a novel digital pixel readout architecture for MAPS. This thesis aims to study this novel readout architecture as an alternative to the rolling-shutter readout. However, this must be investigated through the study of several chip readout architectures during the R&D phase. Another objective of this thesis is the study and characterization of TowerJazz, if it meets the Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) and Single Event Effects (SEE) of the ALICE ITS upgrade program. Other goals of this thesis are: ¿ Implementation of the top-down flow for this CMOS process and the design of multiple readouts for different prototypes up to the assembly of a full-scale prototype. xvii Abstract ¿ Characterization of the radiation hardness and SEE of the chips submitted to fabrication. ¿ Characterization of full custom designs using analog simulations and the generation of digital models for the simulation chain needed for the verification process. ¿ Implementation and study of different digital readouts to meet the ITS upgrade program in integration time, pixel size and power consumption, from the conceptual idea, production and fabrication phase. Chapter 1 is a brief overview of CERN, the LHC and the detectors complex. The ALICE ITS will be explained, focusing on the ITS upgrade in terms of detector needs and design constraints. Chapter 2 explains the properties of silicon detectors and the detector material and the principles of operation for MAPS. Chapters 3 and 4 describe the ALPIDE prototypes and their readout based on MAPS; this forms the central part of this work, including the multiple families of pixel detectors fabricated in order to reach the final design for the ITS. The ALPIDE3/pALPIDE3B chip, the latest MAPS chip designed, will be explained in detail, as well focusing in the matrix digital readout. In chapter 5 the noise measurements and its characterization are presented including a brief summary of detector response to irradiation with soft X-rays, sources and particle beams.
El sub detector ITS (Inner Tracking System) del detector ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) es un detector de vértice y es el detector mas cercano al punto de interacción. Se encuentra conformado por 3 tipos de subdetectores, dos capas de pixel de silicio (Silicon Pixel Detectors), 2 capas de acumulación de silicio (Silicon Drift Detectors) y 2 capas de banda de Silicio (Silicon Strip Detectors). La función primaria del ITS es identificar y rastrear las partículas de bajo momentum transversal. El detector ITS en sus dos capas más internas están equipadas con sensores de silicio basados en píxeles híbridos. Para reemplazar esta tecnología de Píxeles, el detector ITS actual será reemplazado por un nuevo detector de una sola tecnología, ampliando su resolución espacial y mejorando el rastreo de trazas. Este nuevo detector constará de siete capas de sensores de píxeles activos monolíticos (MAPS), las cuales deberán satisfacer los requerimientos de presupuesto de materiales y ser tolerantes a mayores niveles de radiación para los nuevos escenarios de incrementos de luminosidad y mayores tasas de colisiones. Los sensores MAPS que integran el sensor de imagen y los circuitos de lectura se encuentran en la misma oblea de silicio, tienen grandes ventajas en una buena resolución de posición y un bajo presupuesto material en términos de bajo coste de producción. TowerJazz ofrece la posibilidad de una cuádruple-WELL aislando los transistores pMOS que se encuentran en la misma nWELL evitando la competencia con el electrodo de recolección, permitiendo circuitos mas complejos y compactos para ser implementados dentro de la zona activa y además posee una capa epitaxial de alta resistividad. Esta tecnología proporciona una puerta de óxido muy delgado limitando el daño superficial por la radiación haciéndolo adecuado para su uso denxiii Resúmen tro del experimento ALICE. En los últimos cuatro años se ha llevado a cabo una intensiva I+D en MAPS en el marco de la actualización del ITS de ALICE. Varios prototipos a pequeña escala se han desarrollado y probado exitosamente con rayos X, fuentes radioactivas y haces de partículas. La tolerancia a la radiación de ALICE ITS es moderada con una tolerancia de irradiación TID de 700 krad y NIEL de 1 × 1013 1 MeV neqcm¿2 , MAPS es una opción viable para la actualización del ITS. La contribución original de esta tesis es la implementación de una nueva arquitectura digital de lectura de píxeles para MAPS. Esta tesis presenta un codificador asíncrono de direcciones (arquitectura basada en la supresión de ceros transmitiendo la dirección de los píxeles excitados denominada PADRE) para la arquitectura ALPIDE, el autor también hizo una contribución significativa en el ensamblaje y veri- ficación de circuitos. PADRE es la principal investigación del autor, basada en un codificador de prioridad jerárquica de cuatro entradas y es una alternativa a la arquitectura de lectura rolling-shutter. Además de los prototipos a pequeña escala, también se han desarrollado prototipos a escala completa a las necesidades del detector ITS (15 mm y 30 mm) empleando un nuevo circuito de lectura basado en la versión personalizada del circuito PADRE. El pALPIDEfs fue el primer prototipo a escala completa y se caracterizó obteniendo un tiempo de lectura de la matriz por debajo de 4 µs y un consumo de energía en el orden de 80 mWcm¿2 . En general, los resultados obtenidos representan un avance significativo de la tecnología MAPS en cuanto al consumo de energía, velocidad de lectura, tiempo de recolección de carga y tolerancia a la radiación. El sensor pALPIDE2 ha demostrado ser una opción muy atractiva para el nuevo detector ITS, satisfaciendo los requerimientos en términos de eficiencia de detección, fake-hit rate y resolución de posición, ya que su rendimiento no puede alcanzarse mediante prototipos basados en la arquitectura de lectura tradicionales como es
El subdetector ITS (Inner Tracking System) del detector ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) és un detector de vèrtex i és el detector mes proper al punt d'interacció. Es troba conformat per 3 tipus de subdetectors, dues capes de píxel de silici (Silicon Pixel Detectors), 2 capes d'acumulació de silici (Silicon Drift Detectors) i 2 capes de banda de Silici (Silicon Strip Detectors). La funció primària del ITS és identificar i rastrejar les partícules de baix moment transversal. El detector ITS en les seues dues capes més internes estan equipades amb sensors de silici basats en píxels híbrids. Per a reemplaçar aquesta tecnologia de Píxels, el detector ITS actual serà reemplaçat per un nou detector d'una sola tecnologia, ampliant la seua resolució espacial i millorant el rastreig de traces. Aquest nou detector constarà de set capes de sensors de píxels actius monolítics (MAPS), les quals hauran de satisfer els requeriments de pressupost de materials i ser tolerants a majors nivells de radiació per als nous escenaris d'increments de lluminositat i majors taxes de col·lisions. Els sensors MAPS que integren el sensor d'imatge i els circuits de lectura es troben en la mateixa hòstia de silici, tenen grans avantatges en una bona resolució de posició i un baix pressupost material en termes de baix cost de producció. TowerJazz ofereix la possibilitat d'una quàdruple-WELL aïllant els transistors pMOS que es troben en la mateixa nWELL evitant la competència amb l'elèctrode de recol·lecció, permetent circuits mes complexos i compactes per a ser implementats dins de la zona activa i a més posseeix una capa epitaxial d'alta resistivitat. Aquesta tecnologia proporciona una porta d'òxid molt prim limitant el dany superficial per la radiació fent-ho adequat per al seu ús dins de l'- experiment ALICE. En els últims quatre anys s'ha dut a terme una intensiva R+D en MAPS en el marc de l'actualització del ITS d'ALICE. Diversos prototips a petita escala s'han desenvolupat i provat ix Resum reeixidament amb rajos X, fonts radioactives i feixos de partícules. La tolerància a la radiació d'ALICE ITS és moderada amb una tolerància d'irradiació TID de 700 krad i NIEL d'1× 1013 1MeV neqcm¿2 , MAPS és una opció viable per a l'actualització del ITS. La contribució original d'aquesta tesi és la implementació d'una nova arquitectura digital de lectura de píxels per a MAPS. Aquesta tesi presenta un codificador asíncron d'adreces (arquitectura basada en la supressió de zeros transmetent l'adreça dels píxels excitats denominada PADRE) per a l'arquitectura ALPIDE, l'autor també va fer una contribució significativa en l'assemblatge i verificació de circuits. PADRE és la principal recerca de l'autor, basada en un codificador de prioritat jeràrquica de quatre entrades i és una alternativa a l'arquitectura de lectura rolling-shutter. A més dels prototips a petita escala, també s'han desenvolupat prototips a escala completa a les necessitats del detector ITS (15 mm i 30 mm) emprant un nou circuit de lectura basat en la versió personalitzada del circuit PADRE. El pALPIDEfs va ser el primer prototip a escala completa i es va caracteritzar obtenint un temps de lectura de la matriu per sota de 4 µs i un consum d'energia en l'ordre de 80 mWcm¿2 . En general, els resultats obtinguts representen un avanç significatiu de la tecnologia MAPS quant al consum d'energia, velocitat de lectura, temps de recol·lecció de càrrega i tolerància a la radiació. El sensor pALPIDE2 ha demostrat ser una opció molt atractiva per al nou detector ITS, satisfent els requeriments en termes d'eficiència de detecció, fake-hit rate i resolució de posició, ja que el seu rendiment no pot aconseguir-se mitjançant prototips basats en l'arquitectura de lectura tradicionals com és el rolling-shutter dissenyat en la mateixa tecnologia. Per aquesta raó, la R+D en els prototips ALPIDE ha continuat amb l'objectiu d'optimitza
Marín Tobón, CA. (2017). PADRE pixel read-out architecture for Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor for the new ALICE Inner Tracking System in TowerJazz 180 nm technolog [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/86154
TESIS
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Chen, Zongde. "Depleted CMOS sensor development for pixel particle detectors under high intensity and high radiative dose." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0430.

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Le trajectographe interne (ITk) de l'expérience ATLAS sera amélioré pour la nouvelle phase de prise de données du grand collisionneur de hadrons du CERN à haute luminosité (HL-LHC) en 2026. Le HL-LHC fonctionnera avec l’énergie nominale de collision est de 14 TeV et la luminosité instantanée maximale de 7,5 x (10)34 cm(−2) s(−1), cinq fois plus élevée qu’à présent. La luminosité accrue se traduira par des niveaux de rayonnement et des débits de données environ dix fois plus élevés. Afin de faire face aux exigences d’ATLAS en termes d’intensite du rayonnement, de vitesse de lecture et de granularité au HL-LHC, le remplacement de l’actuel ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) est nécessaire. Deux capteurs CMOS épuisés à grande échelle dans la technologie LF de 150 nm, appelés LF-CPIX et LF-MONOPIX, ont été développés dans le cadre de la mise à niveau ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITK) pour le LHC à haute luminosité. Le travail présenté ici montre la caractérisation de ces trois prototypes, avec des contributions concernant le développement de la configuration, le calibrage source 55 Fe et 90 Sr, les modifications du microprogramme FPGA et le développement de programmes de test. L’enquête sur la dureté du rayonnement pour l’électronique et les composants du capteur a été une préoccupation majeure. Nous montrerons les résultats concernant les caractérisations de ces prototypes dans les performances de laboratoire du CPPM, ainsi que les résultats de multiples campagnes de rayonnement conduites à l’installation de protons IRRAD de 24 GeV du CERN, afin d’étudier les effets de la perte d’énergie non ionisante (NIEL) et du Dose ionisante (TID) sur les prototypes
The Inner Tracker (ITk) system of the ATLAS experiment will be upgraded for the 2026 High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) run. The HL-LHC will operate with a center of mass energy of 14 TeV and a peak instantaneous luminosity five times higher than at present. The increased luminosity will result in roughly ten times higher radiation levels and data rates. To cope with the ATLAS requirements in terms of radiation hardness, readout speed and granularity at the HL-LHC, the replacement of the present ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) is needed. Two large-scale depleted CMOS sensors in the 150 nm LF-technology called LF-CPIX and LF-MONOPIX, developed in the framework of the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITK) upgrade for High Luminosity LHC. The work presented here shows the characterization for these three prototypes, with contributions concerning the setup development, 55Fe and 90Sr source calibration, modifications of the FPGA firmware and development of test programs. A main concern was the investigation on the radiation hardness for both the electronics and the sensor parts. We will show results concerning characterizations for these prototypes in the laboratory performance at CPPM, as well as results in multiple radiation campaigns performed at the 24 GeV IRRAD proton facility at CERN, to study the effects of Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) and Total Ionizing Dose (TID) on the prototypes
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Книги з теми "Monolithic sensor"

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F, Leonard Regis, Bhasin K. B, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., and CREOL (Research center), eds. Monolithic microwave integrated circuits for sensors, radar, and communications systems: 2-4 April 1991, Orlando, Florida. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1991.

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Deptuch, Grzegorz. Monolityczne detektory pikselowe w zastosowaniu do obrazowania niskoenergetycznych elektronów i miękkiego promieniowania X: Monolithic active pixel sensors in application for imaging of low-energy electrons and soft X-ray photos. Kraków: Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013.

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Aamodt, Larry D. A CMOS monolithic X-ray sensor and measurement IC. 1990.

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Novel approach for positioning sensor lead wires on SiC-based monolithic ceramic and FRCMC components/subcomponents having flat and curved surfaces. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Novel Approach for Positioning Sensor Lead Wires on Sic-Based Monolithic Ceramic and Frcmc Components/Subcomponents Having Flat and Curved Surfaces. Independently Published, 2018.

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Wright Rigueur, Leah. Running with Hares and Hunting with Hounds. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691159010.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses how the growing frustrations and shifting votes of African Americans were not representative of a larger ideological realignment. Over the next three decades, the black electorate would be substantially divided as African Americans were in no way a “monolithic Democratic voting bloc.” Despite Franklin Roosevelt's Black Cabinet, the Democratic Party during and immediately after the New Deal offered few bold civil rights initiatives. The programs and agencies of the New Deal were rife with discrimination; in this sense, the Republican and Democratic parties of this era did not display clear-cut differences in their civil rights policies. The result, then, was a surge in Democratic support among the black electorate but not the total liquidation of Republican backing.
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Частини книг з теми "Monolithic sensor"

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Gussmann, V. "Monolithic Integrated Pressure Sensor ICs." In Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2000, 39–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18146-7_4.

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Gao, Hao, Marion Matters-Kammerer, Dusan Milosevic, and Peter G. M. Baltus. "mm-Wave Monolithic Integrated Sensor Nodes." In Analog Circuits and Signal Processing, 59–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72980-0_6.

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Schuster, J. P., W. Czarnocki, X. Ding, and B. Roeckner. "Monolithic Pressure Sensor System with Digital Signal Processing." In Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 99, 297–308. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03838-3_27.

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Kapels, Hergen, Robert Aigner, and Christian Kolle. "Monolithic Surface-Micromachined Sensor System for High Pressure Applications." In Transducers ’01 Eurosensors XV, 56–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59497-7_12.

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Kordas, N., J. Eichholz, A. Langerbein, Y. Manoli, and W. Mokwa. "A Digital Output Monolithic Temperature Sensor for Invasive Applications." In Micro System Technologies 90, 716–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45678-7_103.

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Zogg, H., C. Maissen, J. Masek, T. Hoshino, and S. Blunier. "Photovoltaic Infrared Sensor Arrays in Monolithic Lead Chalcogenides on Silicon." In Monitoring of Gaseous Pollutants by Tunable Diode Lasers, 147. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2763-9_24.

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Maissen, C., J. Masek, H. Zogg, S. Blunier, A. Lambrecht, and M. Tacke. "Monolithic Pb1-xSnxSe on Si Infrared Sensor Array for the 8–12 μm Range." In ESSDERC ’89, 381–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52314-4_77.

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Sodavaram, Nireekshan Kumar, and S. C. Mukhopadhyay. "Fabrication of Interdigital Electrodes for Monolithic Biosensing." In Interdigital Sensors, 247–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62684-6_10.

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Ono, Shun, Miho Yamada, Yasuo Arai, Toru Tsuboyama, Manabu Togawa, Teppei Mori, Ikuo Kurachi, et al. "A Monolithic Pixel Sensor with Fine Space-Time Resolution Based on Silicon-on-Insulator Technology for the ILC Vertex Detector." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 370–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1316-5_69.

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Boser, Bernhard E. "Capacitive Interfaces for Monolithic Integrated Sensors." In Analog Circuit Design, 177–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2602-2_9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Monolithic sensor"

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Li, Dan, T. Zhao, L. Qian, Z. C. Yang, and Dacheng Zhang. "A monolithic integrated micromachined piezoresistive flow sensor." In TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2009.5285515.

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Dort, Katharina. "The CLICTD Monolithic CMOS Sensor." In Proceedings of the 29th International Workshop on Vertex Detectors (VERTEX2020). Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.34.010019.

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Xu, Dehui, Bin Xiong, Guoqiang Wu, Yinglei Ma, Errong Jing, and Yueling Wang. "3D monolithic integrated thermoelectric IR sensor." In 2012 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2012.6411203.

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Wong, Yu-Po, and Olav Solgaard. "Monolithic photonic crystal fiber acoustic sensor." In 2017 IEEE SENSORS. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2017.8234247.

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Yokota, T., S. Ukai, M. Shikida, and K. Sato. "Fabrication of monolithic flow sensor on tube structure." In TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2009.5285532.

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Baker, C., M.-A. Schwab, R. Moseley, R. R. A. Syms, and E. M. Yeatman. "Monolithic MEMS vacuum valves for miniature chemical preconcentrators." In TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2009.5285700.

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Zappe, Hans P. "Monolithically Integrated Semiconductor Optical Sensors." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.cmd1.

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The use of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for sensor applications is lucrative due to the ruggedness, compact size, volume manufacturability and high functionality of a monolithic sensor chip. Monolithically integrated optical sensors, being small and with reduced critical physical alignment requirements, may be employed in high-performance optical microsystems, compact multi-sensor arrays or micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). In the following, we discuss two prototype monolithic sensor devices.
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Sun, Chih-Ming, Ming-Han Tsai, Chuanwei Wang, Yu-Chia Liu, and Weileun Fang. "Implementation of a monolithic TPMS using CMOS-MEMS technique." In TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 2009 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2009.5285736.

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Kuriyama, Nariaki, Tadahiro Kubota, Daisuke Okamura, Toshifumi Suzuki, and Jun Sasahara. "Design and Fabrication of MEMS-Based Monolithic Fuel Cells." In TRANSDUCERS 2007 - 2007 International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2007.4300124.

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Kurzawski, P., and A. Hierlemann. "Chiral Discrimination Performance of a Monolithic CMOS Gas Sensor Microsystem." In TRANSDUCERS '07 & Eurosensors XXI. 2007 14th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sensor.2007.4300690.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Monolithic sensor"

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Carter, J., S. Angel, A. Allen, A. Waldron, J. Ottaway, P. Paul, and S. Manuel. Final Report Phase 1: Monolithic Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometers (mSHRS): toward highly miniature chemical sensors for deployment on moving platforms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1688588.

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