Дисертації з теми "Molecular imaging applications"
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GAMBINO, GIUSEPPE. "High-relaxivity systems and molecular imaging probes for Magnetic Resonance Imaging applications." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/46171.
Повний текст джерелаChow, Mei-kwan April, and 周美君. "Cellular, molecular and metabolic magnetic resonance imaging: techniques and applications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44901148.
Повний текст джерелаBottrill, Melanie Clare. "New routes to biocompatible nanoparticles and their applications in molecular imaging." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506114.
Повний текст джерелаTang, Mei-yee, and 鄧美宜. "Characterizations and applications of carbon nanotubes contrast agentsin magnetic resonance molecular imaging." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44701391.
Повний текст джерелаMa, Yun. "Photofunctional molecular materials for chemical sensing, bioimaging and electrochromic applications." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/206.
Повний текст джерелаFavicchio, Rosy. "Fluorescence molecular tomography evaluation and applications for in vivo imaging of tumour proliferation." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516877.
Повний текст джерелаPersson, Gustav. "Temporal Modulation in Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Imaging for Biological Applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Experimentell biomolekylär fysik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10243.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20100805
Friedman, Mikaela. "Affibody molecules targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor for tumor imaging applications." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4710.
Повний текст джерелаDaryaei, Iman, and Iman Daryaei. "Study, Evaluation, and Applications of MRI Contrast Agents that Work Based on CEST and T2-EX Mechanisms." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625366.
Повний текст джерелаWilson, Neil. "Studies on the reactivity of copper complexes with NO and CO, and their applications in molecular imaging." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9490.
Повний текст джерелаTeeling-Smith, Richelle Marie. "Single Molecule Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Other Sensing and Imaging Applications with Nitrogen-Vacancy Nanodiamond." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1424779811.
Повний текст джерелаPliquett, Jacques. "Development of fluorescent platforms for the design of multifunctional compounds for in vitro and in vivo applications in molecular imaging." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK067.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis was the development and evaluation of new molecular platformsfor optical fluorescence imaging applications. This work sought to develop new tools that caneasily be modified and adapted to the specific needs of the intended use. This is required asthe fluorophore will influence the final properties and should thus be incorporated beforestructural optimization of the selected agent rather than at the very end. Two main axes wereexplored; the use of BODIPYs for the development of trackable therapeutic agents that areprimarily intended for in vitro applications and the use of azaBODIPYs for the design of an invivo compatible fluorescent platform.In the first part two fluorophores on the basis of a 3,5-dichloro-BODIPY were identified aspromising platforms. These platform molecules were selectively functionalized using a gold(I)-phosphine moiety, a thiosugar and a phosphonium to explore their selective functionalizationand investigate the influence of each substitutents position on the final properties. Weshowed that a site-specific, selective functionalization with these fragile substituents ispossible and developed 12 gold(I)-bearing therapeutic agents. We evaluated thephotophysical properties of all obtained compounds which was followed by a characterizationof their biological properties (antiproliferative properties on 3 cancer cell lines, lipophilicbalance and cellular gold accumulation as well as fluorescence imaging on 3 cell lines for upto 24h). We succeeded in developing a panel of closely related trackable compounds thatdisplay mixed activity in cells and distinct cellular localization. This investigation permitted theselection of three to four hits that will be studied further.In the second part we developed an in vivo-compatible multifunctional platform following twostrategies: the first was the use of 1,7-di(phenol)-3,5-di(phenyl)-azaBODIPY and thefunctionalization of the hydroxy groups for the development of a bioconjugable NIR-I probe.Unfortunately the developed probe displayed very unfavourable optical properties; wetherefore developed a new strategy that is entirely based on the functionalization of the boronatom. Using this approach we successfully synthesized 2 watersoluble, strongly fluorescent(NIR-I) molecular platforms that were conjugated to an innovative antibody to image the PD-L1 ligand. The developed probes displayed excellent optical properties, are stable for at least48h in mice plasma and were validated in a preclinical study on mice. The developed probesdisplayed strong fluorescence in vivo and showed no acute toxicity.The developed methodology shows great potential for further investigations and futurestudies; it can be transposed onto other closely related fluorophores and permits versatilefunctionalization with a large variety of compounds of interest. Its use is thus not limited tobiological, biochemical and medical applications
Hernandez, Christopher. "Stabilized Nanobubbles for Diagnostic Applications." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1521123706295258.
Повний текст джерелаGarbin, Valeria. "Optical tweezers for the study of microbubble dynamics in ultrasound." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3220.
Повний текст джерелаOptical tweezers enable for non-destructive, contact-free manipulation of ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) microbubbles, which are used in medical imaging for enhancing the echogenicity of the blood pool and to quantify organ perfusion. Understanding the dynamics of ultrasound-driven contrast agent microbubbles from a fundamental physical standpoint is a first step for exploiting their acoustical properties and to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, experiments on bubble dynamics presently suffer from a lack of control on bubble position, because of buoyancy, microstreaming and bubble clustering. In this respect, optical tweezers can be used to study UCA microbubbles under controlled and repeatable conditions, by positioning them away from interfaces and from neighboring bubbles. In addition, an ultra-high speed imaging system is required to record the dynamics of UCA microbubbles in ultrasound, as their oscillations occur on the nanoseconds timescale. In this thesis, optical tweezers and an ultra-high speed camera are integrated into an experimental setup to control the boundary conditions and record the oscillations of the microbubbles. Optical tweezers are commonly obtained by focusing a laser beam through a microscope objective, as the high intensity gradient in the focal region causes dielectric microparticles to be attracted in the focus. In the special case of microbubbles, which exhibit a lower refractive index than the surrounding liquid, the opposite situation arises: they are pushed away from the region of maximum intensity. Nevertheless, microbubbles can be trapped in the dark core of a donut-shaped trap, which can be obtained e.g. by focusing a Laguerre-Gaussian beam. In our setup, a Gaussian beam is converted to a Laguerre-Gaussian mode by using diffractive optical elements implemented on a spatial light modulator. This allows to trap and manipulate single or multiple microbubbles, and to control the distance from interfaces as well as the bubbleto- bubble distance. The “Brandaris 128” ultra-high speed camera is used, in combination with the optical tweezers, to recorded the bubble oscillations at a frame rate of 15 million frames per second. The influence of a rigid wall on the resonance frequency and oscillation amplitude was experimentally investigated. An experimental phospholipid-coated agent (BR-14, Bracco Research S.A., Geneva, Switzerland) was used throughout the experiments. A resonance frequency curve was recorded for the same bubble positioned at the wall and at controlled distance from the wall. The experiments show a drop in the resonance frequency for the bubble close to the ii Abstract wall, as expected from the theoretical models. These results are highly relevant for molecular imaging applications, where the response of targeted microbubbles needs to be discriminated from that of freely flowing ones. We also quantify the bubble-to-bubble interaction, in two ways: first, we compare the change of the radial oscillations of one bubble with and without a neighboring bubble. Second, we resolve the change in distance between two bubbles during ultrasonic insonation. This results from an acoustical, generally attractive, interaction force between the bubbles, termed secondary Bjerknes force. To understand this rich two-bubble dynamics, we couple a recent single-bubble model, accounting for both gas and monolayer properties with a model quantifying the mutual interaction of bubbles in their translation and oscillations. Experiments where optical tweezers are used as a force sensor to measure the binding force in an antigen-antibody complex at the single molecule level are also presented. In the future, the possibility of combining optical micromanipulation with the force-sensing capabilities of optical tweezers will open the way to a new class of experiments which will give us a deeper insight into fundamental bubble phenomena and find direct application to new ultrasound-assisted targeting strategies.
XIX Ciclo
1979
Nord, Christoffer. "The Colours of Diabetes : advances and novel applications of molecular optical techniques for studies of the pancreas." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Umeå centrum för molekylär medicin (UCMM), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-119845.
Повний текст джерелаGrandclaude, Virgile. "Synthèse de sondes chémiluminescentes et profluorescentes pour des applications en imagerie in vivo." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAM0009.
Повний текст джерелаOptical molecular imaging is now playing a pivotal role both in pre-clinical diagnosis and drug development. Indeed, this is a valuable tool for the real time detection and monitoring of living cells either through the use of structurally simple labels or more recently by means of sophisticated fluorescent probes, called “smart” probes and only activatable upon specific interaction with the targeted bio-analyte. The aim of this PhD work was the design of new synthetic tools aimed at optimizing physico-chemical and optical properties of fluorescent probes intended for challenging in vivo imaging applications. We have focused on the pro-fluorescence and chemiluminescence approaches. New phenol-based pro-fluorophores have been developed by using an original bis-coumarinic scaffold. In the context of the chemistry of fluorophores, we have also investigated a general method for the water-solubilisation of phenol-based fluorophore belonging to the coumarin and xanthene families. Our research in chemiluminescence has led the synthesis of new chemiluminophores covalently linked to fluorescent organic dyes aimed at increasing the emission efficiency in the red region of such chemiluminophores. Thus, the first chemiluminescent “energy transfer cassettes” based on a 1,2-dioxetane scaffold have been obtained
Fournier, I. "Développements en Imagerie par Spectrométrie de Masse MALDI et Applications aux Problématiques Biologiques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00167305.
Повний текст джерелаCependant, afin d'augmenter encore la potentialité de cette technologie, des développements restent encore à effectuer. Les recherches menées ont donc plus particulièrement portées sur ces développements.
En particulier, la recherche et l'étude de nouvelles matrices plus adaptées à l'analyse directe de tissu en MALDI sont particulièrement importantes. Dans ce contexte, certaines matrices ioniques se sont révélées particulièrement adaptées aux tissus en permettant d'obtenir une plus grande intensité du signal, un plus grand nombre de composés détectés, de bonnes performances en mode négatif, une grande homogénéité de cristallisation, une grande stabilité sous vide et une faible ablation de matériel consécutivement à l'irradiation laser. Dans un autre aspect, le traitement préalable des tissus permet également une amélioration de la qualité spectrale et des performances d'études structurales en mode MS/MS. Se sont révélés particulièrement intéressants les traitements des tissus aux solvants organiques et les digestions enzymatiques et en particulier pour les tissus conservés en blocs de paraffine après fixation.
D'autre part l'étude de la répartition des ARNm au sein des tissus est un développement crucial afin d'obtenir des images de colocalisation transcriptome/protéome. Est proposé dans ce travail un nouveau concept permettant de réaliser ces images, basé sur une analyse indirecte des ARNm, au travers de l'utilisation d'un groupement photoclivable relié à un peptide marqueur de séquence connue qui sera détecté.
Enfin, l'ensemble de ces développements trouve de nombreuses applications dans le domaine de la biologie et notamment dans le cadre de pathologies tel que le cancer de l'ovaire.
Gavrilovic, Milan. "Spectral Image Processing with Applications in Biotechnology and Pathology." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för bildanalys, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160574.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Azzouna Rana. "Le gallium : applications en vue d'une utilisation en imagerie moléculaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD053.
Повний текст джерелаThe Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technique with usually better performances than Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Consequently, the use of PET and appropriate tracers could enable clinicians to make a better therapeutic decision, thus improving the management of patients. In centers without cyclotrons, 68Ga available from a generator is an alternative for the development of PET tracers. In order to develop 68Ga labeled-molecules, a characterization of the quality of the eluates was performed. Radiolabeling techniques adapted to the quality of the starting material were developed and validated. In this thesis we focused on three particularly interesting molecular targets in cardiovascular pathologies: somatostatin receptors (SSTR), overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) but also constituting a target of interest in cardiovascular diseases with an inflammatory component; phosphatidylserine (PS), a marker of cell apoptosis and platelet activation; P-selectin, a marker of platelet and endothelial activation.The following tracers have been developed: 1) Somatostatin analogues which target SSTR: a) 68Ga-DOTANOC validated for Gastroenteropancreatic-NETs imaging and used in a multicenter clinical trial. b) 68Ga-NODAGANOC tested in vitro on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. This initial validation in the most common application (oncology) aims to facilitate the transition to future cardiovascular applications (atherosclerosis, myocarditis ...) 2) A peptide for PS targeting: 68Ga-P04087; 3) A polysaccharide for P-selectin targeting: 68Ga-NODAGA-Asphy. The last two radiolabeled molecules were tested in a rat model of infective endocarditis
Castelló, Serrano Iván. "Design and applications for quantum-onion-multicode nanospheres and other luminescent semiconductor-derived nanocomposites." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119655.
Повний текст джерелаKoonjoo, Neha. "Development of Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in vivo : application to molecular imaging of proteolysis." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0157/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work relates the continuity and advances in the implementation of the Overhauser-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging technique on a 0.2 T scanner. Briefly, OMRI technique is based on polarization transfer of saturated electronic spins from free nitroxide radicals to proton spins of surrounding water molecules in the aim to drastically enhance proton NMR signal. To this technique, our research team has merged specific strategies for proteolytic activity detection. The first strategy relies on a 3D visualization of proteolytic activity happening in intact living cells or in vivo in healthy mice. With an Overhauser switch based upon changes in molecular tumbling time, high Overhauser enhancements of 10-fold were observed in the intestinal tract of mice after that elastolytic activity of our probe: the nitroxide-labeled elastin macromolecule took place. In addition, MRI developments - TrueFISP sequence implementation, undersampling Keyhole method and data reconstruction were carried out for imaging these rapid biological processes. A second exquisite strategy is also described using nitroxides with shifting resonant peaks. Here, a Beta-phosphorylated nitroxide molecule was specifically detected at two distinct frequencies: one for its substrate and the other for its product once hydrolysis took place. This hydrolysis was imaged in 3D in the stomach of living mice with Overhauser enhancements of more than 400% and with a good spatiotemporal resolution. The perspectives of this work lie on a future detection of a pathological proteolytic activity in vivo and eventually and development of very low magnetic field OMRI
Glendenning, Jennifer Louise. "Application of molecular imaging to address current clinical challenges in breast cancer." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/application-of-molecular-imaging-to-address-current-clinical-challenges-in-breast-cancer(1d0b4ee4-bbce-43a1-8e01-4241cf667034).html.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Changfeng. "Fluorescent conjugated polymer dots for single molecule imaging and sensing applications." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1239895063/.
Повний текст джерелаGyngell, M. L. "The application of steady-state free precession (SSFP) in 2d-Ft NMR imaging." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376522.
Повний текст джерелаWild, D. "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor imaging probes translation of molecular biology into clinical application including insulinoma and islet cell imaging." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1325641/.
Повний текст джерелаNorouzi, Neil. "Synthesis and application of novel near infrared cyanine dyes and optical imaging agents." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10002.
Повний текст джерелаSinharay, Sanhita. "Development and Application of CatalyCEST MRI Contrast Agents for the Study of Enzyme Activities in Tumor Models." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612945.
Повний текст джерелаFernández-Cuervo, Velasco Gabriela, and Velasco Gabriela Fernández-Cuervo. "Design, Synthesis and Application of catalyCEST MRI Agents for Enzyme Detection." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626152.
Повний текст джерелаShi, Fengjian. "LASER ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY: INSTRUMENTATION AND APPLICATION FOR DIRECT ANALYSIS AND MOLECULAR IMAGING OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUE." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/445496.
Повний текст джерелаPh.D.
This dissertation elucidates the instrumentation and application of a hybrid ambient ionization source, laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS), for the direct analysis and molecular imaging of biological tissue without matrix deposition. In LEMS, laser pulses from a Ti:Sapphire laser amplifier (60 fs, 800 nm, and 1 mJ) interact with surface analytes and transfer them from the condensed phase into the gas phase without the requirement of either exogenous matrix or endogenous water in the sample. The laser vaporized analytes are captured and ionized by an electrospray source, and finally detected by a mass analyzer. It was found that a turn-key, robust femtosecond fiber laser with longer wavelength, longer duration, and lower pulse energy at 1042 nm, 425 fs, and 50 µJ, respectively, provided comparable results with the Ti:Sapphire laser. Vaporization of intact, dried or aqueous cytochrome c and lysozyme samples was demonstrated by the fiber laser. A charge states distribution at lower charge states indicating folded conformation of proteins and the hemoglobin α subunit-heme complex from whole blood was observed. Endogenous anthocyanins, sugars, and other metabolites were detected and revealed the anticipated metabolite profile for the flower petal and leaf samples by the fiber laser. Phospholipids, especially phosphatidylcholine, were identified from a fresh mouse brain section sample. These lipid features were suppressed in both the fiber laser and Ti:Sapphire LEMS measurement in the presence of optimal cutting temperature compounds which are commonly used in animal tissue cryosectioning. This dissertation also details the design of an automated mass spectrometry imaging source based on the Ti:Sapphire LEMS. The laser, translation stage, and mass analyzer are synchronized and controlled using a customized user interface to enable step-by-step scanning of the area of interest on a given tissue sample. The imaging source is coupled with a high resolution accurate mass quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass analyzer with tandem mass analysis capability. A lateral resolution of 60 µm was demonstrated on a patterned ink film by LEMS imaging. Plant metabolites including sugar and anthocyanins were directly imaged from a leaf sample. Small metabolites, lipids and proteins were simultaneously imaged from a single tissue section of a pig liver sample. Biomarkers of blood-brain barrier damage and traumatic brain injury (TBI) that occurred during the injury were detected and imaged from a TBI mouse brain. The loading values from principal component analysis (PCA) were shown to be useful for identification of features of interest from the large LEMS imaging dataset.
Temple University--Theses
Tan, Han-Min. "High resolution angle-scanning widefield surface plasmon resonance imaging and its application to bio-molecular interactions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556099.
Повний текст джерелаBird-Lieberman, Elizabeth Louise. "Potential application of lectins as molecular imaging tools to detect dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus during endoscopy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609520.
Повний текст джерелаGhosh, Arindam [Verfasser]. "Single Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Imaging: Advanced Methods and Applications in Life Sciences / Arindam Ghosh." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235222748/34.
Повний текст джерелаRamos-Ortiz, Gabriel. "Frequency conversion in conjugated organic molecules and its applications to ultra-fast pulse diagnostic and imaging." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289952.
Повний текст джерелаLedesch, Ralph [Verfasser]. "Simultaneous dual-color imaging on single-molecule level on a Widefield microscope and applications / Ralph Ledesch." Jülich : Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Zentralbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1168026903/34.
Повний текст джерелаFontana, Cristiano Lino. "An Imaging Camera for Biomedical Application Based on Compton Scattering of Gamma Rays." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423412.
Повний текст джерелаIn questa tesi presentiamo il lavoro di ricerca e sviluppo di una Camera Compton (CC) per imaging di piccoli oggetti. Le CC richiedono l'utilizzo di due rivelatori per ottenere la direzione d'incidenza di raggi gamma. Questo approccio, talvolta chiamato ``Collimazione Elettronica,'' si differenzia dalle tecniche usuali che utilizzano collimatori per selezionare fisicamente i raggi gamma di una certa direzione. Questa soluzione offre il vantaggio di una sensibilità maggiore e quindi di dosi inferiori. Proponiamo qui un nuovo sistema, che usa due similari Fotomoltiplicatori sensibili alla posizione (Hamamatsu 8500) accoppiati a differenti scintillatori (uno in plastica ed uno inorganico). Avere un solo tipo di rivelatore comporta una maggiore semplicità di progettazione ed utilizzo. Assieme all'apparato sperimentale, presentiamo il nostro algoritmo originale per la ricostruzione d'immagini, che è stato testato con un codice Monte Carlo scritto con Geant4. Applicando l'algoritmo ai dati sperimentali, abbiamo ottenuto una risoluzione di 6 mm, che è adatta all'imaging di piccoli animali (quali ratti e conigli) e per piccoli organi umani (tiroide e prostata). Il prototipo è stato sviluppato per per essere un elemento modulare compatto, che può essere esteso affiancando altri rivelatori simili
Lamprou, Efthymios. "Development and Performance Evaluation of High Resolution TOF-PET Detectors Suitable for Novel PET Scanners." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/162991.
Повний текст джерела[CA] La Tomografia per Emissió de Positrons (PET) és una de les tècniques més importants en la medicina de diagnòstic actual i la més representativa en el camp de la Imatge Molecular. Esta modalitat d'imatge és capaç de produir informació funcional única, que permet la visualització en detall, quantificació i coneixement d'una varietat de malalties i patologies. Àrees com l'oncologia, neurologia o la cardiologia, entre altres, s'han beneficiat en gran manera d'aquesta tècnica. Tot i que un elevat nombre d'avanços han ocorregut durant el desenvolupament del PET, hi ha altres que són de gran interés per a futures investigacions. Un dels principals pilars actuals en PET, tant en investigació com en desenvolupament, és l'obtenció de la informació del temps de vol (TOF en anglès) dels raigs gamma detectats. Quan açò ocorre, augmenta la sensibilitat efectiva del PET, millorant la qualitat senyal-soroll de les imatges. No obstant això, l'obtenció precisa de la marca temporal dels raigs gamma és un repte que requerix, a més de tècniques i mètodes específics, compromisos entre cost i rendiment. Una de les característiques que sempre es veu afectada és la resolució espacial. Com discutirem, la resolució espacial està directament relacionada amb el tipus de centellador, i per tant, amb el cost del sistema i la seua complexitat. En aquesta tesi, motivada pels coneguts beneficis en imatge clínica d'una mesura precisa del temps i de la posició dels raigs gamma, proposem nouves configuracions de detectors TOF-PET capaços de proveir d'ambduess característiques. Suggerim l'ús del que es coneix com a mètodes de "light-sharing", tant basat en cristalls monolítics com pixelats de diferent tamany del fotosensor. Aquestes propostes fan que la resolució espacial siga molt alta. No obstant això, les seues capacitats temporals han sigut molt poc abordades fins ara. En aquesta tesi, a través de diversos articles revisats, pretenem mostrar els reptes trobats en aquesta direcció, proposar determinades configuracions i, a més, indagar en els límits temporals d'aquestes. Hem posat un gran èmfasi a estudiar i analitzar les distribucions de la llum centellejant, així com el seu impacte en la determinació temporal. Fins al nostre coneixement, aquest és el primer treball en què s'estudia la relació de la determinació temporal i la distribució de llum de centelleig, en particular utilitzant SiPM analògics i ASICs. Esperem que aquesta tesi motive i permeta molts altres treballs orientats en nous dissenys, útils per a instrumentació PET, així com referència per a altres treballs. Aquesta tesi esta organitzada com es descriu a continuació. Hi ha una introducció composta per tres capítols on es resumeixen els coneixements sobre imatge PET i, especialmente, aquells relacionats amb la tècnica TOF-PET. Alguns treballs recents, però encara no publicats es mostren també, amb l'objectiu de corroborar certes idees. La segona part de la tesi conté els quatre articles revisats que el candidat suggereix.
[EN] Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is one of the greatest tools of modern diagnostic medicine and the most representative in the field of molecular imaging. This imaging modality, is capable of providing a unique type of functional information which permits a deep visualization, quantification and understanding of a variety of diseases and pathologies. Areas like oncology, neurology, or cardiology, among others, have been well benefited by this technique. Although numerous important advances have already been achieved in PET, some other individual aspects still seem to have a great potential for further investigation. One of the main trends in modern PET research and development, is based in the extrapolation of the Time- Of-Flight (TOF) information from the gamma-ray detectors. In such case, an increase in the effective sensitivity of PET is accomplished, resulting in an improved image signal-to-noise ratio. However, the direction towards a precise decoding of the photons time arrival is a challenging task that requires, besides specific approaches and techniques, tradeoffs between cost and performance. A performance characteristic very habitually compromised in TOF-PET detector configurations is the spatial resolution. As it will be discussed, this feature is directly related to the scintillation materials and types, and consequently, with system cost and complexity. In this thesis, motivated by the well-known benefits in clinical imaging of a precise time and spatial resolution, we propose novel TOF-PET detector configurations capable of inferring both characteristics. Our suggestions are based in light sharing approaches, either using monolithic detectors or crystal arrays with different pixel-to-photosensor sizes. These approaches, make it possible to reach a precise impact position determination. However, their TOF capabilities have not yet been explored in depth. In the present thesis, through a series of peer-reviewed publications we attempt to demonstrate the challenges encountered in these kinds of configurations, propose specific approaches improving their performance and eventually reveal their limits in terms of timing. High emphasis is given in analyzing and studying the scintillation light distributions and their impact to the timing determination. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first works in which such detailed study of the relation between light distribution and timing capabilities is carried out, especially when using analog SiPMs and ASICs. Hopefully, this thesis will motivate and enable many other novel design concepts, useful in PET instrumentation as well as it will serve as a helpful reference for similar attempts. The present PhD thesis is organized as follows. There is an introduction part composed by three detailed sections. We attempt to summarize here some of the knowledge related to PET imaging and especially with the technique of TOF-PET. Some very recent but still unpublished results are also presented and included in this part, aiming to support statements and theories. The second part of this thesis lists the four peer-reviewed papers that the candidate is including.
This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 695536). It has also been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad under Grants No. FIS2014-62341-EXP and TEC2016-79884-C2-1-R. Efthymios Lamprou has also been supported by Generalitat Valenciana under grant agreement GRISOLIAP-2018-026.
Lamprou, E. (2021). Development and Performance Evaluation of High Resolution TOF-PET Detectors Suitable for Novel PET Scanners [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/162991
TESIS
Parlanti, Paola. "Neurodegenerative disorders: overcoming single-method limits through the application of a new correlative imaging approach." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/85907.
Повний текст джерелаPinaud, Fabien Floren. "Peptide-coated semiconductor quantum dots and their applications in biological imaging of single molecules in live cells and organisms." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383485011&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаPauff, Steven M. "Advancements in the Synthesis and Application of Near-Infrared Imaging Reagents: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2015. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/751.
Повний текст джерелаPauff, Steven M. "Advancements in the Synthesis and Application of Near-Infrared Imaging Reagents: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2001. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/751.
Повний текст джерелаLau, Khim Heng. "Development and application of high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of therapeutic and imaging molecules in cells and tissue sections." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543023.
Повний текст джерелаMartinage, Olivier. "Elaboration d’une nouvelle plateforme de développement de traceurs in vivo : application à l’imagerie de la néoangiogenèse tumorale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA114841/document.
Повний текст джерелаMolecular imaging is an essential non-invasive tool usable for diagnosis and characterisation of many diseases. Technetium-based tracers are the most popular ones due to disponibility, cost and radiochemical properties of 99mTc. Nevertheless, effective tracers development requires a long, expensive, and mainly empirical optimisation process. This context prompted us tu carry on the development of a new technetium structure which exhibits lots of potential functionalisation spots compatible with a combinatorial approach. We synthesised 12 N3X (X = N, O, S) different ligands. Each of them includes a triazole moiety, (formed via a click-chemistry reaction), which is involved in the metal complexation that implies one of its nitrogen atoms. Then we evaluated their ability to readily form oxotechnetium complexes in conditions that are compatible with medical use in hospital. One complex was formed in quantitative yields and its stability in mice plasma was investigated. A complex called TriaS-99mTc, stable to more than 90% after 6h incubation, was selected. In vivo study of TriaS-99mTc revealed an efficient blood clearance via the urinary excretion pathway with very low degradation. As an application, we used this structure for the development of tracers that target integrin αvβ3, a known biomarker of tumor neoangiogenesis. First, we synthesised functionnalised TriaS-based integrated complexes. Fonctionnal modification of TriaS by addition of side chains and substituents did not affect its ability to chelate oxotechnetium quantitatively. In addition, its stability in mice plasma was satisfactory. We also developped a bifonctionnal approach using c(RGDfK) peptide as the targeting biomolecule. In this way, a variable moiety (herein a PEG moiety) can be inserted in the structure through click-chemistry in order to modulate tracers solubility, biodistribution and excretion
Bouvier-Müller, Alix. "Identification de nouvelles sondes moléculaires contre des biomarqueurs des maladies neurodégénératives Application of aptamers for in vivo molecular imaging and theranostics Nucleic acid aptamers for neurodegenerative diseases." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL011.
Повний текст джерелаAptamers are oligonucleotides whose three-dimensional structure allows them to interact with a target molecule. They are isolated by a directed evolution method named "SELEX" making possible to select an oligonucleotide able to bind to a target molecule, from a library comprising a large number of different sequences. Aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) proteins are found accumulated inside aggregates in the brains of patients for several neurodegenerative diseases grouped under the name "synucleinopathies". The aim of my thesis was to select aptamers that specifically recognize different isoforms of the α-syn protein. Using the SELEX technique, we have succeeded in isolating several aptamers capable of recognizing a particular isoform of the α-syn protein with good affinity and good specificity. This work is a proof of concept that it is indeed possible to isolate aptamers that specifically recognize a particular isoform of the α-syn protein. These "specific" aptamers could be used in biosensors for the detection of particular α-syn isoforms. These could then allow the scientific community to better study and understand the role of the different α-syn protein isoforms in synucleinopathies. These biosensors could also be used as a diagnostic tool, allowing the detection of different α-syn isoforms in patient samples
Yu, Tingting. "Solid state luminescent molecules, macromolecules and materials, their response to stimuli and their applications in devices." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN061.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we developed new luminescent conjugated chromophores presenting an alternation of electron donor and acceptor groups, with a specific focus on their emission properties in aggregates or solid states in far-red or near infrared region. We studied the influence of chain length and donor/acceptor substitution not only on the optical properties of the isolated compounds, but also (and especially) on the material in its aggregated state. Finally, taking advantages of these specific properties of some of the as-designed candidates, we explored their potential applications ranging from fluorochromic stimuli-responsive sensors (in film form) to red and NIR luminescent two-photon probes for biological imaging. The main achievements of this thesis are the following: 1) new alternating triarylamine or carbazole / tetraphenylethylene (TPE) polymers were synthesized. Their solid state luminescence poseeses typical J-aggregates emission features in solid state, unusual in TPE derivatives that we relate to the linear polymeric nature of the object; 2) A new family of diphenylamine / benzobisthiazole chromophores and derived oligomers were synthesized . Their luminescence properties present a marked sensitivity to protonation, which we took advantage of in the making of acid-base responsive luminescent devices; 3) we explored the possibility of additional chemical transformations of the newly designed chromophore, in order to achieve solid state NIR emission, in particular by means of a change in the character of the electronic transition from Intra-Molecular Charge Tranfer (ICT) to Cyanine transition owing to benzothiazole quaternarization. Other modifications resulted in improvement of their AIE properties, bioavailability and selectivity of their cellular compartments staining ability; 4) These new compounds present a reversible photoinduced “on-off” switching of their luminescence properties, which might present an interest in the design of contrast-agents for super resolution imaging
Bernhard, Claire. "Synthèse d'agents chélatants bifonctionnels macrocycliques pour le marquage de molécules biologiques par des métaux : application en imagerie médicale." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOS024/document.
Повний текст джерелаMolecular imaging became a major tool for the diagnosis and the treatment of cancers. This research field includes different techniques, such as Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Optical Imaging or nuclear Imaging (PET Positron Emission Tomography, SPECT Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography). Each imaging modality has its own strengths and weaknesses, and thus, combining different and complementary systems can overcome inherent limitations associated with any one individual techniques and improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis and enhancing patient management. In particular dual-modality Optical/Nuclear imaging may find important preclinical and clinical applications. One possible approach seeks to fuse the two imaging systems into one molecule (MonOmolecular Multimodality Imaging Agent [MOMIA]) in order to ensure the same biodistribution of the two probes. Our strategy consists in combining a DOTA-like compound allowing complexation of radiometal for nuclear imaging (SPECT or PET) with a bodipy moiety, valuable probe those fluorescent properties can be finely adjusted. The first part of this work is dedicated to the synthesis of bifunctional chelating agents based on macrocyclic polyamines for medical imaging application. These compounds must show excellent coordination properties towards the aimed radiometal and possess a grafting function to allow the coupling with a biomolecule. Powerful and general routes for the synthesis of a wide range of N- and C-functionalized macrocycles derived from cyclen and 13aneN4 are described, which enable to access to a wide range of new BFCs by introduction of different functional groups reactive towards primary amines, such as carboxylic acid, isothiocyanate or anhydride function. Some compounds were conjugated to different biomolecules, such as peptides or antibodies. Morever, the introduction of an alkyne function yields a novel family of bifunctional agents allowing chemoselective attachment to functionalized biomolecules or to modified amino acids using « click chemistry ». In a second part, we focused on the introduction of a bodipy moeity to obtain new bimodal agents for dual Optical/Nuclear imaging. Interestingly, the attachment of the polyaminocarboxylate (DOTA derivative) to the bodipy makes it soluble in water and complexation of different metal cations of interest in the macrocyclic cavity does not significantly alter the luminescence properties of the whole system. In addition, the functionalization of the meso position by using an appropriate linker between the bodipy and DOTA-like units, i.e. a 4-nitrophenylalanine derivative, could provide a new bimodal tag for labeling antibodies or peptides. Optimisation of the second generation bodipy-DOTA, i.e. derivatization reaction to reach the near-IR range or introduction of C-functionalised macrocycles was also investigated
Grimault, Stephan. "Détermination des propriétés du signal RMN par une approche numérique : application aux expériences de diffusion et d'imagerie fonctionnelle." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10157.
Повний текст джерелаMiloudi, Lynda. "Application des techniques spectroscopiques vibrationnelles couplées aux analyses statistiques multivariées pour la caractérisation et l'objectivation des produits de soins comestiques." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3801/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe barrier function of the skin, which protects the body against exogenous molecules, limits the penetration of active cosmetic ingredients (ACI), thus reduce the effectiveness of molecules with a deep cellular target. Therefore, it appeared crucial to optimize the administration of existing active cosmetic in order to get the full benefits expected. Some innovations are explored to bypass this issue, including the encapsulation of existing active cosmetic in nanocarriers. In parallel, it is important to also focus on the development of analytical methodologies that could provide qualitative and quantitative information, in particular the determination of ACI contents and potentially excipients incorporated in a final form, and biological evaluation at different stages of formulation
Houzet, Julien. "Alignement moléculaire : caractérisation et application à la mesure de thermalisation ultra-rapide et au contrôle de génération d'harmoniques." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01005137.
Повний текст джерелаMaigné, Alan. "Caractérisation et modélisation par microscopie électronique en transmission à balayage (STEM) et spectroscopie de perte d’énergie d’électrons (EELS) de « nanohorns » de carbone monofeuillet fonctionnalisés pour des applications pharmaceutiques Review of recent advances in spectrum imaging and its extension to reciprocal space Revealing the Secret of Water-Assisted Carbon Nanotube Synthesis by Microscopic Observation of the Interaction of Water on the Catalysts Role of Subsurface Diffusion and Ostwald Ripening in Catalyst Formation for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Forest Growth Effect of hole size on the incorporation of C60 molecules inside single-wall carbon nanohorns and their release Adsorption Phenomena of Tetracyano-p-quinodimethane on Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorns Carbon Nanohorns as Anticancer Drug Carriers Effect of Functional Groups at Hole Edges on Cisplatin Release from Inside Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorns Optimum Hole-Opening Condition for Cisplatin Incorporation in Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorns and Its Release Functionalization of Carbon Nanohorns with Azomethine Ylides: Towards Solubility Enhancement and Electron-Transfer Processes Aqueous carbon nanohorn–pyrene–porphyrin nanoensembles: Controlling charge-transfer interactions Photoinduced Electron Transfer on Aqueous Carbon Nanohorn–Pyrene– Tetrathiafulvalene Architectures Soluble Functionalized Carbon Nanohorns." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS600.
Повний текст джерелаIn this manuscript, we will expose the characterization and modelling of Single Wall Nanohorns (SWNH) and Nanotube Forests by analytical microscopy and the functionalization of SWNH for drug delivery applications. Firstly, we will introduce the microscopy and spectroscopy methods used for our experiments. We will then study the growth process of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) forests (within the framework of a collaboration with AIST, Japan). SWCH, their structure, modifications and filling properties will be analysed in details. An original method will be presented to study the porosity of inorganic material with EELS. Ab initio calculation will also be used to explore the effect of the defects present in the SWNH wall on the oxidation and filling process. We will study the potentialities of Single Wall Carbon nanohorns as Drug Delivery Systems and particularly as anticancer drug carriers
Lu, Ja-Yu, and 呂佳諭. "Terahertz Molecular Imaging and Sensing Applications." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73770036528057148700.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
光電工程學研究所
95
Recently THz imaging and sensing techniques become focusing in THz technology and the main driven force of THz generation and detection. Due to the unique capability of direct molecular identification differed from other EM waves (optical waves and microwaves), it enables noninvasive and label-free molecular imaging and sensing based on THz waves. In order to develop THz imaging and sensing technique or system with high sensitivity, low loss, ease of control and high flexibility for various practical applications, many researchers have made lots effort on it. In this thesis, we provide other alternatives for THz imaging and sensing application. Based on an optoelectronic THz photonic transmitter with ultra high conversion efficiency, we demonstrate a compact THz molecular imaging system with extremely low driven power (<5mW optical pump, 15V bias). Based on the micron-sized photonic transmitter operating at room temperature, an improved signal-to-noise ratio with a reasonable spatial resolution and high penetration depth (>3cm) can be achieved. Biomedical THz imaging has been demonstrated by scanning a dried seahorse and a fresh flower, which were hidden in plastic sample holders and were invisible. Tissue and water distributions of distinct regions of the bio-samples were clearly resolved, showing the high imaging contrasts of the demonstrated system. These results reveal the possibility to construct a compact and high-sensitivity THz imaging system with less than 1-mW optical excitation which is promising in the future clinical application and sensing of hidden objects such as explosives and viruses. By planar integrating a THz micro-source into a glass-substrated microchip within a THz near-field distance, we demonstrate a compact, label-free, noninvasive, and sensitive micro-biosensing system with low-power consumption. The demonstrated THz microchip allows us to locally specify various illicit drug powders with weights on the order of nanograms. Our demonstration shows the possibility to integrate optoelectronic photonic transmitters with the current biochip technology for various biosensing applications, including DNA sequencing, explosive and virus detections, and rapid identification of the static status or even the dynamics of various biomolecules. To efficiently transmit THz waves for achieving THz imaging and sensing with high SNR, is another important issue in THz technology. In this thesis, we develop an air-core microstructure fiber (AMF) for THz transmission. The novel THz-AMF has advantages of with extremely low loss and tunable guiding wavelength by scaling the size of MF. In addition, most THz field is concentrated inside the central hollow air-core and guided without outside interference. We will introduce the design and fabrication of THz-AMF and discuss the waveguiding mechanism. The demonstrated THz-AMF is ideal for various THz applications, including low-dispersion high THz power transmission for nonlinear applications, THz sensing, and THz optical communication for avoiding the interference from surroundings. A THz subwavelength plastic fiber has been previously developed by our labs for low loss waveguiding. Due to most THz field guided outside the fiber core which is different from the traditional optical fiber, resulting in great decrease of dielectric absorption and thus could guide for a long distance (more than one meter). In this thesis, we further explore the feasibility on imaging by using THz subwavelength fiber on which THz wave is loosely guided. We study its bending loss, energy transfer ratio, and modal spot quality. Furthermore, we also construct a compact room-temperature transmitted fiber scanning THz imaging system based on a low-loss subwavelength plastic fiber. Various biological images have been acquired by direct scanning of a THz subwavelength fiber in a large area, and it reveals that the subwavelength plastic fiber enables high SNR imaging with reasonable spatial resolution (close to diffraction limit). Finally, we first ever demonstrate a THz endoscope based on the subwavelength THz fiber, and apply it for imaging of biological specimen and metal pattern without focusing system. The measured images not only reflected the 2D molecular distribution, but revealed the depth variation and thus showed the surface profile or morphology of imaged object. This novel THz endoscope is especially suitable for water-rich biological specimen, because it overcomes the limitation of water absorption which becomes restriction in the conventional transmitted THz imaging system.