Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Molecular gentics"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Molecular gentics"
1
Kelly, K. "Molecular Gentic Analysis of Populations." Cell Biology International 24, no. 6 (June 2000): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cbir.1999.0541.
Повний текст джерела
2
Takahashi, Shigekazu, Chiharu Yoshida, Hideyuki Takahashi, and Masahiro Nishihara. "Isolation and Functional Analysis of EPHEMERAL1-LIKE (EPH1L) Genes Involved in Flower Senescence in Cultivated Japanese Gentians." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 5608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105608.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The elongation of flower longevity increases the commercial value of ornamental plants, and various genes have been identified as influencing flower senescence. Recently, EPHEMERAL1 (EPH1), encoding a NAC-type transcription factor, was identified in Japanese morning glory as a gene that promotes flower senescence. Here we attempted to identify an EPH1 homolog gene from cultivated Japanese gentians and characterized the same with regard to its flower senescence. Two EPH1-LIKE genes (EPH1La and EPH1Lb), considered as alleles, were isolated from a gentian cultivar (Gentiana scabra × G. triflora). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that EPH1L belongs to the NAM subfamily. The transcript levels of EPH1L increased along with its senescence in the field-grown flowers. Under dark-induced senescence conditions, the gentian-detached flowers showed the peak transcription level of EPH1L earlier than that of SAG12, a senescence marker gene, suggesting the involvement of EPH1L in flower senescence. To reveal the EPH1L function, we produced eph1l-knockout mutant lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. When the flower longevity was evaluated using the detached flowers as described above, improved longevity was recorded in all genome-edited lines, with delayed induction of SAG12 transcription. The degradation analysis of genomic DNA matched the elongation of flower longevity, cumulatively indicating the involvement of EPH1L in the regulation of flower senescence in gentians.
3
Olennikov, Gadimli, Isaev, Kashchenko, Prokopyev, Kataeva, Chirikova, and Vennos. "Caucasian Gentiana Species: Untargeted LC-MS Metabolic Profiling, Antioxidant and Digestive Enzyme Inhibiting Activity of Six Plants." Metabolites 9, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo9110271.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The members of Gentiana genus are widely distributed in the Caucasus region where they are used as phytoremedies, but they still have not been studied for their chemical composition and bioactivity. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray triple quadrupole mass detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QQQ-MS) was used to investigate metabolites of herb and roots of six gentians (Gentiana asclepiadea, G. cruciata, G. gelida, G. paradoxa, G. pneumonanthe, G. septemfida) grown in the Caucasus. In total, 137 compounds were found including three carbohydrates, 71 iridoid glycosides (mostly loganic acid), loganin, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside and sweroside derivatives, 40 flavones C-, O-, C,O-glycosides (such as luteolin, apigenin, chrysoeriol, and acacetin derivatives), two phenolic O-glycosides, five hydroxycinnamates, eight xanthones, and seven triterpene glycosides. Most of these compounds were identified in gentian samples for the first time. Quantitative differences were found in levels of seven iridoid glycosides, nine glycosylflavones, and two xanthones obtained by HPLC-DAD assay. The gentian extracts were evaluated for their radical-scavenging properties against DPPH and superoxide anion radicals, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and α-amylase/α-glycosidase inhibition. The herb extracts showed higher activity than root extracts. Positive correlations were found between the content of quantified phenolics and antioxidant and digestive enzymes inhibiting activity. The findings presented in our work suggest that the Caucasian gentians are a good source of bioactive phytocompounds with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential.
4
Takase, Tomoyuki, Motoki Shimizu, Shigekazu Takahashi, Keiichirou Nemoto, Fumina Goto, Chiharu Yoshida, Akira Abe, and Masahiro Nishihara. "De Novo Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Flowering-Related Genes That Potentially Contribute to Flowering-Time Control in the Japanese Cultivated Gentian Gentiana triflora." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (October 4, 2022): 11754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911754.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Japanese cultivated gentians are perennial plants that flower in early summer to late autumn in Japan, depending on the cultivar. Several flowering-related genes, including GtFT1 and GtTFL1, are known to be involved in regulating flowering time, but many such genes remain unidentified. In this study, we obtained transcriptome profiling data using the Gentiana triflora cultivar ‘Maciry’, which typically flowers in late July. We conducted deep RNA sequencing analysis using gentian plants grown under natural field conditions for three months before flowering. To investigate diurnal changes, the plants were sampled at 4 h intervals over 24 h. Using these transcriptome data, we determined the expression profiles of leaves based on homology searches against the Flowering-Interactive Database of Arabidopsis. In particular, we focused on transcription factor genes, belonging to the BBX and MADS-box families, and analyzed their developmental and diurnal variation. The expression levels of representative BBX genes were also analyzed under long- and short-day conditions using in-vitro-grown seedlings, and the expression patterns of some BBX genes differed. Clustering analysis revealed that the transcription factor genes were coexpressed with GtFT1. Overall, these expression profiles will facilitate further analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of flowering time in gentians.
5
Takahashi, Hideyuki, Sayaka Kikuchi-Fujisaki, Chiharu Yoshida, Hidetoshi Yamada, Tetsuro Yamashita, Naotake Konno та Takumi Takeda. "Gtgen3A, a novel plant GH3 β-glucosidase, modulates gentio-oligosaccharide metabolism in Gentiana". Biochemical Journal 475, № 7 (16 квітня 2018): 1309–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20170866.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gentiobiose, a β-1,6-linked glycosyl-disaccharide, accumulates abundantly in Gentianaceae and is involved in aspects of plant development, such as fruits ripening and release of bud dormancy. However, the mechanisms regulating the amount of gentio-oligosaccharide accumulation in plants remain obscure. The present study aimed to identify an enzyme that modulates gentio-oligosaccharide amount in gentian (Gentiana triflora). A protein responsible for gentiobiose hydrolysis, GtGen3A, was identified by partial purification and its peptide sequence analysis. The enzyme had a molecular mass of ∼67 kDa without a secretory signal peptide sequence. Sequence analysis revealed that GtGen3A could be a β-glucosidase member belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3). GtGen3A showed a homology to GH3 β-glucan exohydrolases, ExoI of Hordeum vulgare, and ExgI from Zea mays, which preferentially hydrolyzed β-1,3- and β-1,4-linked oligosaccharides. The purified recombinant GtGen3A (rGtGen3A) produced in Escherichia coli showed optimal reaction at pH 6.5 and 20°C. The rGtGen3A liberated glucose from β-1,2-, β-1,3-, β-1,4-, and β-1,6-linked oligosaccharides, and showed the highest activity toward gentiotriose among the substrates tested. Kinetic analysis also revealed that rGtGen3A preferentially hydrolyzed gentiotriose. Virus-induced gene silencing of Gtgen3A in gentian plantlets resulted in predominant accumulation of gentiotriose rather than gentiobiose. Furthermore, the expression level of Gtgen3A was almost similar to the amount of gentiobiose in field-grown gentians. These findings suggest that the main function of GtGen3A is the hydrolysis of gentiotriose to gentiobiose, and that GtGen3A plays a role in modulating gentiobiose amounts in gentian.
6
Sangster, George. "The taxonomic status of Palearctic and Nearctic populations of northern goshawk Accipiter gentilis (Aves, Accipitridae): New evidence from vocalisations." Vertebrate Zoology 72 (June 29, 2022): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e85419.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The taxonomic status of the North American and Eurasian populations of northern goshawk A. gentilis has been called into question by recent molecular studies, indicating the need for additional taxonomic study. Vocalisations have long played an important role in diagnosing potentially reproductively isolated groups of birds. The chattering-type call of A. gentilis plays a role in advertisement and pair-contact, making this a suitable basis for taxonomic study of vocalisations. The data set consisted of recordings of the calls of 75 individuals of the Eurasian gentilis-group of A. gentilis, 37 of the North American atricapillus-group of A. gentilis and, for comparison, seven of Henst’s goshawk A. henstii. The three groups showed non-overlapping variation in the duration of call-notes and also showed several other highly significant differences. Discriminant Function Analysis resulted in 100% correct classification of recordings into the three groups. It is here argued that the new bioacoustic data, in combination with previous evidence of morphological, mitochondrial DNA and genomic DNA differences between Eurasian and North American A. gentilis, suggests that two species are best recognised: northern goshawk A. gentilis and American goshawk A. atricapillus. A. gentilis / A. atricapillus add to a growing list of Holarctic temperate zone taxa that have recently been recognised as separate species based on a deep phylogeographic split between Eurasian and North American populations in combination with differences in other characters. This is the first quantitative taxonomic study of vocalisations in Accipitridae.
7
Crean, Jennifer. "Gentris Corporation." Pharmacogenomics 3, no. 1 (January 2002): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14622416.3.1.148.
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8
OKAMOTO, Jun, Saranya LIMKAISANG, Hidenobu NOJIMA, and Susumu TAKAMATSU. "Powdery Mildew of Prairie Gentian: Characteristics, Molecular Phylogeny and Pathogenicity." Journal of General Plant Pathology 68, no. 3 (August 2002): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00013077.
Повний текст джерела
9
MINELLI, ALESSANDRO. "Commentaries on Gentile & Snell (2009): an introduction." Zootaxa 2201, no. 1 (August 18, 2009): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2201.1.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this volume of Zootaxa, Gentile and Snell (2009) describe a new species of terrestrial iguana from the Galápagos Islands. The extreme geographical localization and the very small estimated size of the only known population of the new species are regarded by the authors as incompatible with the killing of a specimen to be fixed as the holotype to be preserved as a museum specimen. As an alternative, they have marked a ‘living holotype’ with a Passive Integrated Transponder and chosen to document its existence and its diagnostic traits, pending the specimen’s natural death and eventual preservation, by providing information on molecular characters, specimen external description and measurements, photos and video recording.
10
Geddes, Robert, and Jacqueline A. Taylor. "Factors affecting the metabolic control of cytosolic and lysosomal glycogen levels in the liver." Bioscience Reports 5, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01116903.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rats with a gentic deficiency of phosphorylase kinase have been treated with the 1,4-α-glucosidase inhibitor, Acarbose. Lysosomal glycogen metabolism has been markedly altered and the results support the concept of a feedback control mechanism operating on the uptake mechanism into the lysosomal compartment.
Дисертації з теми "Molecular gentics"
1
Machado, Andressa Cristina Zamboni. "Pratylenchus brachyurus x algodoeiro: patogenicidade, métodos de controle e caracterização molecular de populações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-17112006-143149/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pratylenchus brachyurus é um dos nematóides mais disseminados na cultura do algodão nas áreas produtoras do Brasil. Sua patogenicidade ao algodoeiro, entretanto, é pouco estudada. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: i) correlacionar níveis populacionais iniciais crescentes de P. brachyurus (0, 12.000, 30.000 e 75.000 exemplares/ planta) com os danos causados ao algodoeiro \'Delta Opal\'; ii) avaliar a patogenicidade de populações de P. brachyurus em algodoeiros \'Delta Opal\' e \'Fibermax 966\'; iii) testar cultivares de algodão em relação à reprodução de três populações de P. brachyurus ; iv) caracterizar a relação parasito-hospedeiro (em termos de suscetibilidade/resistência) de alguns adubos verdes, coberturas vegetais e pastagens a Pratylenchus brachyurus; v) caracterizar molecularmente populações de P. brachyurus, através de PCR-RFLP e seqüenciamento da região ITS-1 do rDNA. Os resultados sugerem que P. brachyurus é patógeno pouco agressivo da cultura do algodão, já que não se verificaram danos significativos às plantas em densidades populacionais do nematóide inferiores a 12.000 exemplares/ planta. Em relação às cultivares, todas foram suscetíveis a P. brachyurus . Entre as espécies vegetais testadas, as que se mostraram resistentes a P. brachyurus foram Crotalaria spectabilis, C. breviflora, amaranto \'BRS Alegria\', nabo forrageiro \'Comum\' e as cultivares de aveia preta Campeira Mor, IPFA 99006, Comum, CPAO 0010 e Garoa. As análises de PCRRFLP revelaram variabilidade genética entre as diferentes populações de P. brachyurus estudadas, em função dos diferentes padrões de bandas encontrados para as populações estudadas. O seqüenciamento da região ITS-1 do rDNA confirmou a variabilidade observada pela digestão enzimática, além de evidenciar heterogeneidade das regiões 18S e ITS-1 do rDNA de P. brachyurusAlthough Pratylenchus brachyurus is widespread in Brazilian cotton fields, information about its importance as a cotton pathogen is scarce. The objectives of this work were: i) correlate crescent initial population densities (0; 12,000; 30,000; and 75,000 nematodes/ plant) with damage on cotton \'Delta Opal\'; ii) measure the pathogenic effect of P. brachyurus on cotton \'Delta Opal\' and \'Fibermax 966\'; iii) characterize the reaction of cotton cultivars to three populations of P. brachyurus ; iv) characterize the host reaction (in terms of susceptibility/ resistance) of some green manures, cover crops and pastures to two populations of P. brachyurus; v) characterize different populations of P. brachyurus by PCR-RFLP and sequencing of ITS-1 rDNA region. Results suggest that P. brachyurus is an eventual pathogen of cotton, since high population levels were necessary to reduce plant growth (< 12,000 nematodes/ plant). All cotton cultivars tested were rated as susceptible to P. brachyurus In relation to crop species tested, Crotalaria spectabilis, C. breviflora, amaranth \'BRS Alegria\', oil radish \'Comum\', and the black oat cultivars Campeira Mor, IPFA 99006, Comum, CPAO 0010, and Garoa were resistant to P. brachyurus PCR-RFLP showed intraspecific variability for different population of P. brachyurus studied. Sequencing of the ITS-1 rDNA region confirmed the results of the enzymatic digestion and demonstrated heterogeneity of 18S and ITS-1 rDNA regions of P. brachyurus.
2
Perrine, Francine Manuella. "Molecular genetic and physiological analysis of Rhizobium-rice interactions." Phd thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/12417.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recently, it was found that strains of the soil bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii, which normally infect and nodulate clovers, can also associate and
colonise different rice culutivars. When rice seedlings were inoculated with these
rhizobia, there was a strain-specific response in the growth of the seedlings. This thesis examines the interaction of Rhizobium strains with rice. The following approaches were investigated to increase our understanding of the effects of Rhizobium on the early growth and development of this rice-Rhizobium association by: (a) using of a reporter GFP construct in colonisation studies and following the progress of colonisation of GFP-labelled rhizobia; (b) locating the rhizobia genes involved in the interaction by deleting and curing the plasmids and comparing these changes with the genomic sequence of Sinorhizobium meliloti Sm1021. These studies were further refined by; (c)the use of R-primes, cosmid libraries and Tn5-Mob constructs; (d) the application of exogenous phytohormones and compounds regulating the auxin phytohormone
pathway; (e) GC/MS quantification of IAA produced by different bacterial strains; and
(f) the use of a plant bioassay to mimic rice growth under paddy field conditions.
It was found that legume-associated Rhizobium strains can intimately associate with and enter rice roots within 48 h. However, the rice-Rhizobium association is a complex interaction between the medium, the non-legume host and rhizobia. Under certain
conditions, rhizobia could either promote (eg., strain R4), inhibit (eg., strains ANU843 and E4) or have no effect on rice growth. By using a series of plasmid-cured strains of rhizobia, it was found that genes
associated with plasmids of Rhizobium strains were involved in the inhibition or the stimulation of rice seedling growth and at least four replicons were needed to cause the inhibition of rice growth. High concentrations of auxin, cytokinin and nitrate mimicked the effect of inhibitory
Rhizobium strains on rice root growth and development by forming short lateral roots.
Similar observations were made with rice seedlings treated with the sequenced wildtype
strain S. meliloti Sm1021 and its closely related strain Rm2011 when they were inoculated onto rice cv. Pelde and cv. Calrose. All pSymA deleted and cured derivatives of strain Rm2011 had no effect on rice growth while pSymB deleted derivatives partially inhibited rice seedling growth. To examine the effect of genes associated with the megaplasmids pSymA and pSymB a series of transconjugant experiments were done. By mobilising the megaplasmids pSymA and pSymB into the non-inhibitory Rhizobium strains of rice growth, it was found that the inhibition of the rice seedlings was associated with the pSymA. Complementation studies with RP4 plasmids containing regions of the pSymA plasmid suggested that genes involved in rice growth inhibition were located in the 450Kb deleted region of pSymA that is deleted from strain SmA146. This region has genes involved in nitrate reduction and IAA biosynthesis. However, Tn5-mutagenesis of the nitrate transport and nitrate reduction genes in megaplasmid pSymA of Rm2011 did not abolish rice growth inhibition. Use of GC/MS demonstrated that IAA was synthesised by all S. meliloti strains, Sm1021 (Rm2011) and pSymA and pSymB deleted and cured derivatives of Rm2011, and rice-associated strains R4 and E4. In addition, it was shown that the addition of agar, the form of nitrogen in the plant medium, and the light could affect the association of Rhizobium with rice seedlings cv. Pelde. This thesis will present evidence from these studies suggesting that IAA and nitrate are not the cause for rice growth inhibition in cv. Pelde. It is proposed that (a) the plasmid-associated inhibition phenomenon in Rhizobium-rice interaction is linked to the pattern of root growth and development; (b) a high level of nitrite in the medium may be the cause of inhibition due to the formation of NO in the plant medium and rice root tissues, and (c) IAA may indirectly be involved in rice-Rhizobium inhibition phenomenon. Therefore, the association of Rhizobium with rice seedlings i.e., the colonization of rice roots by rhizobia and the strain-specific response in the growth of the seedlings are controlled by plasmid-associated genes. Such plasmid-associated genes, under laboratory conditions affected the growth of the rice seedlings and under field conditions may be an important factor in stimulating or inhibiting rice growth and subsequently rice yields.
3
Umelo, Elizabeth Rhoda Osondu. "The physical and gentic map of the A. salmonicida A449 chromosome : molecular characterization of recA and a novel fla operon." Thesis, 1997. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8418.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aeromonas salmonicida is a Gram negative pathogenic fish bacterium. To
facilitate the construction of the chromosomal map of A.salmonicida
A449, several previously uncharacterized genes, including recA and
four fla genes were identified. While the location of all the genes
identified as a result of this study were mapped on the chromosome,
the recA and fla genes were further characterized at the molecular
level.
The A.salmonicida A449 recA was cloned, sequenced and expressed in
vitro. The 1059 bp recA open reading frame encoded a 353 amino acid
protein with predicted molecular weight (Mᵣ) of 37,900. Southern blot
analysis was performed to demonstrate the high degree of conservation
between the A449 recA and those of the other typical and atypical
strains of A.salmonicida examined. The predicted amino acid sequence
of A.salmonicida A449 RecA was found to possess a number of domains
identical to those characterized in Escherichia coli RecA.These
included domains for adenosine triphosphate binding, DNA binding and
protein-protein interactions. The A.salmonicida A449 recA was
mobilized into an E.coli recA strain and was shown to allow increased
survival in the presence of the chemical mutagen methyl methane
sulfonate and ultra violet (uv) irradiation. The rate of the
A.salmonicida A449 recA-mediated recombination in E. coli was
increased by exposure to uv light, which suggested that SOS induction
in A.salmonicida paralleled that of E.coli. The A.salmonicida A449
recA also possessed a potential regulatory SOS-box in the DNA 5' of
the gene.
A novel flagellin operon was identified in A.salmonicida A449,
characterization of which revealed the presence of two tandemly linked
flagellin structural genes flaA and flaB. The flaA and flaB genes were
in turn tandemly linked to flaG encoding a protein of unknown
function, and flaH encoding a protein homologous to the Hook
Associated Protein II of other bacteria. The flaA and flaB genes with
79% nucleotide sequence identity, were conserved in typical and
atypical strains of A.salmonicida, and displayed significant
divergence at the nucleotide level from the fla genes of the motile
species Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas veronii biotype
sobria. flaA, flaB and flaG encode unprocessed proteins with predicted
Ms of 32,351, 32,056 and 15,965 respectively. When cloned under the
control of the Ptac promoter, flaB was highly expressed when induced in
E. coli DH5α, and FlaB protein was detectable even in the uninduced
state. In flaA clones containing intact upstream sequence, FlaA was
barely detectable when uninduced and poorly expressed on induction.
The A.salmonicida flagellins are antigenically cross-reactive with A.
hydrophila TF7 flagellin(s), and evolutionally closely related
to the flagellins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio
anguillarum.Electron microscopy showed that A. salmonicida A449
expresses unsheathed polar flagella at extremely low frequency.
Finally, the physical and genetic map of the chromosome of A.
salmonicida A449 was constructed using pulsed-field gel
electrophoresis and Southern blot analysis. The three restriction
enzymes used in the map construction were CeuI, Pmel and PacI. The
chromosome of A. salmonicida A449, with an estimated size of 4,658 ±
29.75 kb, was determined to be circular in structure. Several genes of
A. salmonicida, including those which encoded proteins implicated in
virulence, were localized on the chromosome map. The chromosomal locations of the recA and fla genes were also identified.
The global genomic relationship between the typical and atypical
strains of A. salmonicida was investigated by comparing the CeuI
cleavage fingerprint of the respective genomes.The results showed that
the typical strains were indeed very homogenous as had been previously
reported. The atypical strains expressed extensive variation both in
the number of DNA fragments obtained with CeuI and also in the
digestion fingerprint. The comparison of the CeuI digestion
fingerprint of atypical strains revealed a clustering of some strains
which suggested that this could be a powerful taxonomic tool for
better classification of the atypical group.
The two A. sobria strains analyzed with CeuI were also homogenous and
showed significant similarities to the A. salmonicida typical strains
CeuI genomic fingerprints. In contrast, four A. hydrophila strains
yielded CeuI-derived fragments which like the atypical strain varied
both in number and patterns. There was also minimal observed
similarities between the genome of A. hydrophila strains and the A.
salmonicida strains.Graduate
4
Lopes, Vera Lúcia da Silva Fragoso. "Relatório de estágio : Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, Dr. Francisco Gentil (IPOPFG, E.P.E.), Hospital Curry Cabral, Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Dr. Manuel Reymão Pinto, Maternidade Alfredo da Costa." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/15304.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Relatório de estágio de mestrado, Análises Clínicas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2010O presente trabalho consiste no relatório de estágio curricular, efectuado como parte integrante e conclusivo do Mestrado de Análises Clínicas da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa. Tem em conta as normas regulamentares do ciclo de estudos definidas pelo Decreto-lei nº 74/2006 de 24 de Março. O relatório está estruturado em duas partes. A Parte I consiste no registo resumo da aprendizagem teórica e prática obtida durante todo o período de estágio nas diferentes áreas. A Parte II aborda um tema específico - Metodologias Laboratoriais para Diagnóstico e Seguimento Terapêutico em Patologias Auto-Imunes. A Parte I é constituída por sete capítulos nos quais se descreve o trabalho realizado durante o estágio. O primeiro capítulo refere-se ao estágio realizado em Colheitas de Análises Clínicas. O segundo capítulo resume o estágio da valência de Hematologia, realizado no Serviço de Hematologia Clínica do IPO Porto, segundo a orientação do Dr. Carlos Mendes. O terceiro capítulo resume o estágio da valência de Imunologia, realizado no Serviço de Imunologia do IPO Porto, segundo a orientação da Drª Gabriela Martins (estágio em Imunologia Celular – Citometria de Fluxo) e no Serviço de Nefrologia do Hospital Curry Cabral, segundo a orientação da Drª Maria do Céu Santos (estágio em Imunologia Humoral – Auto-Imunidade); a referência ao estágio realizado no Serviço de Nefrologia do Hospital Curry Cabral é bastante breve, dado ser este o tema desenvolvido na Parte II do relatório de estágio. O quarto capítulo resume o estágio da valência de Genética Molecular Humana, realizado no Serviço de genética di IPO Porto, Laboratório de Genética Molecular, segundo a orientação da Drª Susana Bizarro (estágio em Biologia Molecular) e Laboratório de Citogenética, segundo a orientação da Drª Cecília Correia (estágio em Citogenética Clássica e FISH). O quinto capítulo resume o estágio das valências de Bioquímica Clínica e Endocrinologia, realizados na Secção de Bioquíminca Clínica do Laboratório de Análises Dr. Manuel Reymão Pinto, S.A., segundo a orientação da Drª Margarida Baptista. O sexto capítulo resume o estágio da valência de Microbilogia, realizado na Secção de Microbiologia do Laboratório de Análises Dr. Manuel Reymão Pinto, S.A., segundo a orientação da Drª Margarida Baptista (abordagem geral da área de Microbiologia) e no Serviço de Procriação Medicamente Assistida da Maternidade Alfredo da Costa, segundo a orientação da Drª Sónia Correia (realização de espermogramas). Por fim, o sétimo capítulo aborda o Controlo de Qualidade Interno e Externo realizado nas diferentes áreas de estágio. A Parte II deste relatório desenvolve as Metodologias Laboratoriais para Diagnóstico e Seguimento Terapêutico nas Doenças Auto-Imunes, focando com maior relevo a técnica de Imunofluorescência Indirecta. O trabalho referente a esta segunda parte foi desenvolvido em consequência dos conhecimentos apreendidos no estágio de Imunologia Humoral realizado no Serviço de Imunologia do Hospital Curry Cabral, segundo a orientação e acompanhamento permanente da Drª Maria do Céu Santos. A escolha do tema por parte da estagiária deveu-se ao facto dos conhecimentos apreendidos terem possibilitado a implementação de uma nova técnica de análise no Laboratório de Análises Clínicas Dr. Manuel Reymão Pinto, onde hoje a estagiária trabalha – a Imunofluorescência Indirecta.
Книги з теми "Molecular gentics"
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Carter, G. R. All you need to know about DNA, genes, and genetic engineering: A concise, comprehensive outline. Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas, 1998.
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Bernhard, Korn, ed. Positional cloning by Exon trapping and cDNA selection. New York: Wiley, 1999.
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Felpeto, Mndez. La gentica molecular en el diagnstico de las patologas humanas: Estrategias y tecnologas (Coleccion Cursos, congresos e simposios). Universidade da Coruna, 1996.
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Nishihara, Masahiro, Kei-ichiro Mishiba, Tomohiro Imamura, Hideyuki Takahashi, and Takashi Nakatsuka. "Molecular Breeding of Japanese Gentians—Applications of Genetic Transformation, Metabolome Analyses, and Genetic Markers." In The Gentianaceae - Volume 2: Biotechnology and Applications, 239–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54102-5_10.
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Niederhofer, Helmut, and Klaus Pittschieler. "Behavioral and Cognitive Manifestations of Celiac Disease." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0020.
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Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by permanent gluten intolerance in genetically susceptible individuals. Exposure to gluten perpetuates an enteropathy leading to malabsorption with chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal distension. The small intestine mucosa is abnormal, and jejunal biopsy demonstrates various degrees of villous atrophy, absence of surface mucosa, and crypt hyperplasia. The diagnosis is based on the demonstration of a more or less pronounced villus atrophy in a jejunal biopsy. The villous atrophy improves after withdrawal of gluten from the diet. If undetected or neglected, CD may cause considerable late complications from malabsorption or secondary autoimmune diseases (Feigbery 1999; Maki and Collins 1997; Holmes 1996). The therapy consists of permanently excluding gluten from the diet and allows the healing of the mucosal lesion. Abnormalities of humeral and cell-mediated immunity suggest that celiac disease is an immunologic disorder (Walker-Smith 1996). It is caused by inappropriate immune response to the gliadin component in the dietary gluten (Dieterich 1997). Genetic susceptibility is present, and 90% of the patients have HLA DRG 3 DQ-2 haplotype, and some have the HLA DR4 DQ8 gene (Hadjivassiliou 1998). A close relationship exists between the biochemical properties of tissue transglutaminase and the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for CD, and possibly with the neuropsychiatric manifestations of CD (Gentile 2002). Anti–tissue transglutaminase antibody assay has been used as a serologic screening test for CD. In addition, antiendomysial, antigliadin, and antireticulin antibodies are associated with the disease. Nevertheless, the clinical symptomatology affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) system, histological abnormalities on gut biopsy, and presence of antiendomysial antibodies do not always coexist. Also, presentation with minor symptoms, such as irritable bowel syndrome, anaemia, slight weight loss, and fatigue, has become increasingly common, and in many cases the disease may be clinically silent, despite manifest small-bowel mucosal lesions. Therefore, CD is underdiagnosed (Catassi et al. 1996; Feigbery 1999; Holmes 1996; Kolho et al. 1998; Maki and Collins 1997).
Звіти організацій з теми "Molecular gentics"
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Sela, Hanan, Eduard Akhunov, and Brian J. Steffenson. Population genomics, linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of stripe rust resistance genes in wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598170.bard.
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The primary goals of this project were: (1) development of a genetically characterized association panel of wild emmer for high resolution analysis of the genetic basis of complex traits; (2) characterization and mapping of genes and QTL for seedling and adult plant resistance to stripe rust in wild emmer populations; (3) characterization of LD patterns along wild emmer chromosomes; (4) elucidation of the multi-locus genetic structure of wild emmer populations and its correlation with geo-climatic variables at the collection sites. Introduction In recent years, Stripe (yellow) rust (Yr) caused by Pucciniastriiformis f. sp. tritici(PST) has become a major threat to wheat crops in many parts of the world. New races have overcome most of the known resistances. It is essential, therefore, that the search for new genes will continue, followed by their mapping by molecular markers and introgression into the elite varieties by marker-assisted selection (MAS). The reservoir of genes for disease and pest resistance in wild emmer wheat (Triticumdicoccoides) is an important resource that must be made available to wheat breeders. The majority of resistance genes that were introgressed so far in cultivated wheat are resistance (R) genes. These genes, though confering near-immunity from the seedling stage, are often overcome by the pathogen in a short period after being deployed over vast production areas. On the other hand, adult-plant resistance (APR) is usually more durable since it is, in many cases, polygenic and confers partial resistance that may put less selective pressure on the pathogen. In this project, we have screened a collection of 480 wild emmer accessions originating from Israel for APR and seedling resistance to PST. Seedling resistance was tested against one Israeli and 3 North American PST isolates. APR was tested on accessions that did not have seedling resistance. The APR screen was conducted in two fields in Israel and in one field in the USA over 3 years for a total of 11 replicates. We have found about 20 accessions that have moderate stripe rust APR with infection type (IT<5), and about 20 additional accessions that have novel seedling resistance (IT<3). We have genotyped the collection using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and the 90K SNP chip array. GBS yielded a total 341K SNP that were filtered to 150K informative SNP. The 90K assay resulted in 11K informative SNP. We have conducted a genome-wide association scan (GWAS) and found one significant locus on 6BL ( -log p >5). Two novel loci were found for seedling resistance. Further investigation of the 6BL locus and the effect of Yr36 showed that the 6BL locus and the Yr36 have additive effect and that the presence of favorable alleles of both loci results in reduction of 2 grades in the IT score. To identify alleles conferring adaption to extreme climatic conditions, we have associated the patterns of genomic variation in wild emmer with historic climate data from the accessions’ collection sites. The analysis of population stratification revealed four genetically distinct groups of wild emmer accessions coinciding with their geographic distribution. Partitioning of genomic variance showed that geographic location and climate together explain 43% of SNPs among emmer accessions with 19% of SNPs affected by climatic factors. The top three bioclimatic factors driving SNP distribution were temperature seasonality, precipitation seasonality, and isothermality. Association mapping approaches revealed 57 SNPs associated with these bio-climatic variables. Out of 21 unique genomic regions controlling heading date variation, 10 (~50%) overlapped with SNPs showing significant association with at least one of the three bioclimatic variables. This result suggests that a substantial part of the genomic variation associated with local adaptation in wild emmer is driven by selection acting on loci regulating flowering. Conclusions: Wild emmer can serve as a good source for novel APR and seedling R genes for stripe rust resistance. APR for stripe rust is a complex trait conferred by several loci that may have an additive effect. GWAS is feasible in the wild emmer population, however, its detection power is limited. A panel of wild emmer tagged with more than 150K SNP is available for further GWAS of important traits. The insights gained by the bioclimatic-gentic associations should be taken into consideration when planning conservation strategies.