Готові списки джерел за темами / Molding materials Testing

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Molding materials Testing"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Molding materials Testing"

Kuzmin, Anton M., Vladimir N. Vodyakov, Alexandr V. Kotin, Vyacheslav V. Kuznetsov, and Mariya I. Murneva. "Study of the Influence of the Forming Method on the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Thermoplastic Polymeric Materials." Key Engineering Materials 869 (October 2020): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.869.342.

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This paper presents the results of the study of the effect of polymer materials compression and injection methods of molding on the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting samples. Widely used polymers such as poly-amide, thermoplastic elastomer and polyketone were taken as the objects of study. Granite composites based on polyamide were produced by PolyLab Rheomex RTW 16 twin-screw extruder, then modified with fine powders of schungite, graphite and silicon dioxide. Samples for testing in the form of double-sided blades were obtained by injection molding on a Babyplast 6/10V machine and compression molding on a Gibitre hydraulic press. Elastic-strength tests of the obtained samples were carried out on a tensile testing machine UAI-7000 M.

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Skrobak, Adam, Michal Stanek, David Manas, Martin Ovsik, Vojtech Senkerik, and Martin Reznicek. "The Influence of the Production Process on Mechanical Properties of Rubber Testing Samples." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.37.

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The article deals with the influence of production technology on mechanical properties of rubber testing samples. In practice, rubber testing samples are cut out from a compression molded sheet, also in case of testing of rubber compounds appointed for injection molding. However, the different way of the preparation of testing samples and the production itself may have a negative effect on the mechanical properties of the final product. Thus the article judges, to what extent the mechanical properties (tensile strength, extension, tear strength and microhardness) of testing samples from selected rubber materials are influenced by injection molding, and evaluates the possible divergence.

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Geng, Baoqun, Haifu Wang, Qingbo Yu, Yuanfeng Zheng, and Chao Ge. "Bulk Density Homogenization and Impact Initiation Characteristics of Porous PTFE/Al/W Reactive Materials." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 2271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102271.

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In this research, the bulk density homogenization and impact initiation characteristics of porous PTFE/Al/W reactive materials were investigated. Cold isostatic pressed (CIPed) and hot temperature sintered (HTSed) PTFE/Al/W reactive materials of five different theoretical maximum densities were fabricated via the mixing/pressing/sintering process. Mesoscale structure characteristics of the materials fabricated under different molding pressures were compared while the effect of molding pressures on material bulk densities was analyzed as well. By using the drop weight testing system, effects of the theoretical maximum densities (TMDs), drop heights and molding pressures on the impact initiation characteristics were studied. Quantitatively, characteristic drop heights (H50) for different types of materials were obtained. The two most significant findings of this research are the density homogenization zone and the sensitivity transition zone, which would provide meaningful guides for further design and fabrication of reactive materials.

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Doerffel, Christoph, Gábor Jüttner, and Roland Dietze. "Micro Test Specimens for Compound Engineering with Minimum Material Needs." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 928–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.928.

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The use of micro test specimens is a good way to characterize micro injection molding processes and the resulting material properties. The material properties of microparts may differ from standard injection molding parts, due to an overrepresentation of the surface layers with high fiber orientation and divergent morphology. In order to characterize the distribution and agglomeration of fibers and particles for the manufacturing of micro injection molding parts of functionalized polymer compounds, it is essential to manufacture the test specimens and the part using the same process. The distribution and size of these particles e.g. Carbon-Nano-Tubes (CNT) or piezo ceramic particles is dependent on the polymer plastication process during injection molding. Therefore the use of micro test specimens is a requirement for precise material selection and engineering.Due to the minimum material needs, micro test specimens are also useful for the comparison of the material properties of new polymers and compounds, which were produced in amounts of 20 g to 100 g. Another application is the testing of highly elastic and ductile materials with strains over 100%. By using micro test specimens it is possible to test high strains with low elongations in a short time.A new innovative micro test specimen has been developed at the Technische Universität Chemnitz in cooperation with the Kunststoff-Zentrum in Leipzig, that is especially designed for the testing and dimensioning of plastic microparts with weights less than 0.1 g. The main feature of the new specimen and testing process is the combined positive and force-fitted locking, which enables a precise positioning of the micro specimen and an even application of the clamping force. In order to achieve reproducible clamping, testing and handling of the sample, the clamping and testing process are spatially separated. The shape of the test specimen enables a parameter optimization for the micro injection molding process.

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Koreniugin, S. V., and S. L. Rovin. "Laboratory methods for the study of rod mixtures at high temperatures." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 4 (December 20, 2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-4-24-27.

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The article presents an analysis of laboratory methods for studying temperature and phase expansions and changes in the properties of molding and core mixtures during heating. The analysis of laboratory equipment offered on the Belarusian market for high‑temperature testing of molding materials and mixtures is carried out, the methodology for conducting such tests using devices from leading world manufacturers is described. The results of high‑temperature test tests of mixtures based on furan binders are presented.

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Jiang, J., W. J. Meng, G. B. Sinclair, and E. Lara-Curzio. "Further experiments and modeling for microscale compression molding of metals at elevated temperatures." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 7 (July 2007): 1839–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0252.

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Replication of metallic high-aspect-ratio microscale structures (HARMS) by compression molding has been demonstrated recently. Molding replication of metallic HARMS can potentially lead to low-cost fabrication of a wide variety of metal-based microdevices. Understanding the mechanics of metal micromolding is critical for assessing the capabilities and limitations of this replication technique. This paper presents results of instrumented micromolding of Al. Measured molding response was rationalized with companion high-temperature tensile testing of Al using a simple mechanics model of the micromolding process. The present results suggest that resisting pressure on the mold insert during micromolding is governed primarily by the yield stress of the molded metal at the molding temperature and a frictional traction on the sides of the insert. The influence of strain rate is also considered.

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Jia, Hongxin, Jingfu Wang, and Yasong Ma. "Experimental study on preparation of fuel by low-temperature pyrolysis of plastic waste combined with desiccated sludge after preforming." MATEC Web of Conferences 355 (2022): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235501028.

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Take plastic waste and dried sludge as raw materials, use pressure testing machine and high temperature hot pressing mold to test under different parameters. The effect of raw material ratio, low-temperature pyrolysis temperature, molding pressure and heating time on the physical properties of the molded fuel after low-temperature pyrolysis, such as relaxation density, fall strength, compressive strength and water permeability, are studied. Single factor tests show that the general range of mixed molding parameters is: mixture ratio (dry sludge: composite plastics) 85:15~75:25, temperature 150~250°C, heating time 20~40min, compaction pressure 2~6MPa. Orthogonal test is designed on the basis of single factor test. The results show that the most important factor affecting the relaxation density of molding fuel is molding pressure, the most important factor affecting compressive strength is the ratio of raw materials, and the most important factor affecting water permeability is heating time. The fall strength is less affected by various factors. It is due to the stickiness of the molded plastic after softening, which strengthens the “cohesion” between the raw materials, and will not be explored in the orthogonal experiment. The optimal combination of relaxation density molding parameters is the ratio (dry sludge: composite plastics) 80:20, temperature 250°C, heating time 30min, compaction pressure 6MPa; the optimal combination of compressive strength molding parameters is 75:25, 250°C, 30min, 6MPa; the optimal combination of anti-moisture absorption performance molding parameters is 85:15, 150°C, 30min, 2MPa.

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Selvaraj, Senthil Kumaran, Aditya Raj, R. Rishikesh Mahadevan, Utkarsh Chadha, and Velmurugan Paramasivam. "A Review on Machine Learning Models in Injection Molding Machines." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (January 5, 2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1949061.

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One of the most suitable methods for the mass production of complicated shapes is injection molding due to its superior production rate and quality. The key to producing higher quality products in injection molding is proper injection speed, pressure, and mold design. Conventional methods relying on the operator’s expertise and defect detection techniques are ineffective in reducing defects. Hence, there is a need for more close control over these operating parameters using various machine learning techniques. Neural networks have considerable applications in the injection molding process consisting of optimization, prediction, identification, classification, controlling, modeling, and monitoring, particularly in manufacturing. In recent research, many critical issues in applying machine learning and neural network in injection molding in practical have been addressed. Some problems include data division, collection, and preprocessing steps, such as considering the inputs, networks, and outputs, algorithms used, models utilized for testing and training, and performance criteria set during validation and verification. This review briefly explains working on machine learning and artificial neural network and optimizing injection molding in industries.

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Golmakani, Mohammad E., Tomasz Wiczenbach, Mohammad Malikan, Reza Aliakbari, and Victor A. Eremeyev. "Investigation of Wood Flour Size, Aspect Ratios, and Injection Molding Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Wood Flour/Polyethylene Composites." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 20, 2021): 3406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123406.

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In the present research, wood flour reinforced polyethylene polymer composites with a coupling agent were prepared by injection molding. The effects of wood flour size, aspect ratios, and mold injection temperature on the composites’ mechanical properties were investigated. For the preparation of the polymer composites, five different formulations were created. The mechanical properties including tensile strength and the modulus, flexural strength and the modulus, and impact energy were measured. To investigate the changes in the properties resulting from different compositions, mechanical static and impact testing was performed. The obtained results indicate that by reducing the flour size, the tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength, and impact energy were reduced. In contrast, the flexural modulus increased. Furthermore, with the increment of injection molding temperature, the tensile strength and the modulus and the impact energy of the specimens were reduced. On the other hand, the flexural strength and the modulus increased. Thus, an optimized amount of injection molding temperature can provide improvements in the mechanical properties of the composite.

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Shan, Ning, and Guo Heng. "New Technology Research of Nondestructive Testing for Aero Aircraft Composite Materials." Advanced Materials Research 279 (July 2011): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.279.142.

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Composite materials have many advantages such as big specific strength, high specific stiffness, good disrepair safety characteristic, large area molding conveniently and easy to forming complex shape. It becomes important structural materials of aero aircraft equipment necessarily and is used widely in aviation industry. Composite materials components of aero aircraft with complex and delicate structure chronically work in harsh environment. Early testing of its key component’s minute defects has been an urgent and necessary task. In this paper, its damage model and characteristic are analyzed and studied. Considering the limitation of composite materials structure’s detection methods at present, a number of existing problems are presented and development directions are pointed out. Laser ultrasound detection technique, continuous distribution sensing technique and optical fiber sensing technique are studied. The method of damage detection of aero aircraft’s composite materials components is put forward based on the organic combination of the three techniques. The results show that the system can be used to detect multi-ultrasound signals of large composite materials structure. Its structure is simple. It has small bulk and low cost. It is characterized by easy realization.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Molding materials Testing"

Reddy, Mahender Palvai. "Finite element simulation of three-dimensional casting, extrusion and forming processes." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135311/.

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Warnock, Corinne Marie. "Process Development for Compression Molding of Hybrid Continuous and Chopped Carbon Fiber Prepreg for Production of Functionally Graded Composite Structures." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1518.

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Composite materials offer a high strength-to-weight ratio and directional load bearing capabilities. Compression molding of composite materials yields a superior surface finish and good dimensional stability between component lots with faster processing compared to traditional manufacturing methods. This experimental compression molding capability was developed for the ME composites lab using unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg composites. A direct comparison was drawn between autoclave and compression molding methods to validate compression molding as an alternative manufacturing method in that lab. A method of manufacturing chopped fiber from existing unidirectional prepreg materials was developed and evaluated using destructive testing methods. The results from testing both the continuous and chopped fiber were incorporated into the design of a functionally graded hybrid continuous and chopped carbon fiber component, the manufacture of which resulted in zero waste prepreg material.

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Afraz, Syed Ali. "Mechanical, Microstructural and Corrosion performance for MIM materials based on coarse (-45µm) powders of ferritic stainless steel." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-127680.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the mechanical, microstructural and corrosion performance of the ferritic stainless steel coarse powders, used in Metal Injection Molding (MIM) process. Three coarser powders made by Höganäs AB, were examined along with a commercially available fine MIM powder and samples from sheet metal. The studied powders were individually mixed with binders and then injection molded in the shape of dog bone shaped tensile bars. These green samples were then debinded and sintered to examine under different characterization methods. The methods used for examining the samples were tensile test, hardness test, metallography, SEM, chemical analysis, and salt spray test. After a comparative study of these different materials, it turns out that the chemical composition and the process parameters have more effect on materials properties compared to only particle size distribution in studied materials. After this study, 434 coarse powder was preferred upon the PolyMIM 430 fine powder, because of its lower price and same performance as that of PolyMIM 430.

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Whatcott, Russell B. "Development of a Particle Flow Test for Rotational Molding." Diss., BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2444.pdf.

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Lawton, Kimberly Anne. "Analysis of testing procedures for determining mechanical properties of composite specimens manufactured with zoned pressure molding." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/17277.

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A program of testing various material properties for fiberglass and carbon fiber composites processed using a new proprietary process called Zoned Pressure Molding developed by Stewart Automotive Research (SAR) was developed. Problems associated with the testing of advanced composites are presented along with recommended solutions for these problems. Ultimate tensile strength, Young's modulus, ultimate compressive strength, compressive modulus, ultimate shear strength and shear modulus were determined for a carbon fiber reinforced composite material. Fiber volume fraction was determined for various fiberglass preforms. Finally, ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus were found for fiberglass reinforced composite coupons made in a test press at SAR.

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Частини книг з теми "Molding materials Testing"

Stritzke, Bernie. "Material Testing for TSE." In Custom Molding of Thermoset Elastomers, 35–41. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446433458.005.

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"Overview of Mechanical Properties Test Methods for Injection Molding." In Handbook of Advanced Materials Testing, 897–914. CRC Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482277616-53.

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Mills, Mara. "Testing Hearing with Speech." In Testing Hearing, 23–48. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197511121.003.0002.

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If to measure is to “assign numerals to events,” queried audiologist Ira Hirsh in 1952, “what are the observable events in hearing?” In the newly professionalized field of audiometry, the test material for a typical audiogram—a set of individual tones—lent itself to precise electronic control, but it did not reflect everyday hearing situations and capacities. This chapter examines the use of speech to test hearing, from preliminary clinical applications of phonograph recordings in the late nineteenth century, to mass “screenings” with electrical recording and playback machines in the 1930s, to postwar diagnostic tests in which speech itself—from nonsense syllables to spondees to sentences—was forged into an objective measuring tool. The chapter argues that the quantification of “hearing loss for speech” derives from articulation testing in the field of telephone engineering. More specifically, the molding of speech sounds into yardsticks of “useful hearing” arose in the historical context of quality control, as did the notion that human hearing should be “screened” and inspected in industrial fashion.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Molding materials Testing"

Kosnik, Sabrina, and Davide Piovesan. "Polymeric Reaction Molding of Biocompatible Materials: Lessons Learned." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8465.

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Abstract Polymeric materials are often used as structural binders for biomedical applications. The mechanical properties of the material strongly depend on the fabrication process. To this end, we illustrate a set of casting methods for the production of samples to be tested via destructive methods. The curing process of the artifact was controlled during fabrication, and the molds were also made of polymeric materials. The fabrication of molds is illustrated where particular emphasis is posed on the manufacturing and testing of silicone molds using off-the-shelf material. Cyanoacrylate (CA), Epoxy resin (EP) and Methacrylate ester monomers (MEMs) artifacts have been fabricated using said molds. Of the aforementioned resins, MEMs are a class of thermosetting biocompatible polymers in which fabrication is especially problematic because of the very narrow temperature window at which the monomers polymerize. This research analyzes the casting process of curable materials highlighting the setbacks of using plastic-based molds. Among the cast based manufacturing techniques, specific focus was given to the case where MEMs is made to polymerize in a silicone mold controlling the temperature of the environment. The thermal properties that the silicone-based molds require for the appropriate curing of the polymer are analyzed. It was found that due to the very high heat capacity of silicone, the regulation of the temperature within the mold is difficult often exciding the boiling point of the casted resin.

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Flaata, Tiffaney, Gregory J. Michna, and Todd Letcher. "Thermal Conductivity Testing Apparatus for 3D Printed Materials." In ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2017-4856.

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Additive manufacturing, the layer-by-layer creation of parts, was initially used for rapid prototyping of new designs. Recently, due to the decrease in the cost and increase in the resolution and strength of additively manufactured parts, additive manufacturing is increasingly being used for production of parts for end-use applications. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), a type of 3d printing, is a process of additive manufacturing in which a molten thermoplastic material is extruded to create the desired geometry. Many potential heat transfer applications of 3d printed parts, including the development of additively manufactured heat exchangers, exist. In addition, the availability of metal/polymer composite filaments, first used for applications such as tooling for injection molding applications and to improve wear resistance, could lead to increased performance 3d printed heat exchangers because of the higher thermal conductivity of the material. However, the exploitation of 3d printing for heat transfer applications is hindered by a lack of reliable thermal conductivity data for as-printed materials, which typically include significant void fractions. In this experimental study, an apparatus to measure the effective thermal conductivity of 3d printed composite materials was designed and fabricated. Its ability to accurately measure the thermal conductivity of polymers was validated using a sample of acrylic, whose conductivity is well understood. Finally, the thermal conductivities of various 3d printed polymer, metal/polymer composite, and carbon/polymer composite filaments were measured and are reported in this paper. The materials used are acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), stainless steel/PLA, Brass/PLA, and Bronze/PLA.

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Tsotsis, Thomas K. "Requirements for Moving Towards Liquid Molding of Large Composite Structures for Aerospace." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1023.

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Requirements for moving beyond the current state of the art in polymer-matrix composites for large commercial and military transport aircraft via the use of liquid molding will be presented. These requirements will be rooted in understandings of regulatory safety requirements and in recent developments in materials and modeling. Key parameters such as the interrelationships between modeling, quality control, and scale-up will be discussed in some detail with a focus on how these need to be matured or adapted for aerospace usage and how they address the persistent need for improved performance at reduced weight. Ongoing work in several technologies will be presented relative to how they fit into the maturation of next-generation composites and tools for developing new composite materials. Scale-up will be illustrated by examples in modeling moving up from material-property-level requirements to system-level performance and moving down to micro and submicron level. These illustrations will be used to show an approach for effectively moving between scales in modeling, testing, fabrication, and design.

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Murakami, Masuo, Yuqiu Yang, and Hiroyuki Hamada. "Mechanical Properties of Jute/PLA Injection Molded Products-All Natural Composites." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62819.

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Natural composites have been important materials system due to preservation of earth environments. Natural fibers such as jute, hemp, bagasse and so on are very good candidate of natural composites as reinforcements. On the other hand regarding matrix parts thermosetting polymer and thermoplastic polymer deriver form petrochemical products are not environmental friendly material, even if thermoplastic polymer can be recycled. In order to create fully environmental friendly material (FEFM) biodegradable polymer which can be deriver from natural resources is needed. Therefore poly(lactic acid) (PLA) polymer is very good material for the FEFM. However, PLA is very brittle polymer, so that polymer chemists have been made the efforts to make tough PLA. In this paper Jute/PLA composites was fabricated by injection moldings and mechanical properties were measured. It is believable that industries will have much attention to FEFM, so that injection molding was adopted to fabricate the composites. Long fiber pellet pultrusion technique was adopted to prepare jute fiber-PLA pellet (Jute/PLA). Because it is a new method which is able to fabricate composite pellets with relative long length fibers for injection molding process, where, jute yarns were continuously pulled and coated with PLA resin. Here two kinds of PLA materials were used including the one with mold releasing agent and the other is without it. After pass through a heated die whereby PLA resin impregnates into the jute yarns and sufficient cooling, the impregnated jute yarns were cut into pellets. Then Jute/PLA pellets were fed into injection machine to make dumbbell shape specimens. In current study, the effects of temperature of heat die i.e. impregnation temperature and the kind of PLA were focused to get optimum molding condition. The volume fractions of jute fiber in pellet were measured by several measuring method including image analyzing, density measurement and dissolution methods. And the mechanical property were investigated by tensile and Izod testing. It is found that 250 degree is much suitable for Jute/PLA long fiber pultrusion process. Additionally the jute fibers seem much effective to increase the tensile modulus and the Izod strength. That is to say, the addition of Jute fiber in PLA, the brittle property can be improved.

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Griffin, Dayton A. "Alternative Materials, Manufacturing Processes, and Structural Designs for Large Wind Turbine Blades." In ASME 2002 Wind Energy Symposium. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wind2002-25.

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As part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Partnerships for Advanced Component Technologies program, Global Energy Concepts LLC (GEC) has performed a study concerning innovations in materials, processes and structural configurations for application to wind turbine blades in the multi-megawatt range. Constraints to cost-effective scaling-up of the current commercial blade designs and manufacturing methods are identified, including self-gravity loads, transportation, and environmental considerations. A trade-off study is performed to evaluate the incremental changes in blade cost, weight, and stiffness for a wide range of composite materials, fabric types, and manufacturing processes. Fiberglass/carbon hybrid blades are identified as having a promising combination of cost, weight, stiffness and fatigue resistance. Vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding, resin film infusion, and pre-impregnated materials are identified as having benefits in reduced volatile emissions, higher fiber content, and improved laminate quality relative to the baseline wet lay-up process. Alternative structural designs are identified, including jointed configurations to facilitate transportation. Based on the study results, recommendations are developed for further evaluation and testing to verify the predicted material and structural performance.

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Christoph, Jake E., Colin M. Gregg, Jordan R. Raney, and David A. Jack. "Low Velocity Impact Testing of Laminated Carbon Fiber/Carbon Nanotube Composites." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52984.

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Carbon fiber laminated thermoset composites have become the industry standard for applications dictating a high strength-to-weight ratio. However, the brittle nature of the carbon fiber composite structure limits its energy dissipation characteristics, often leading to catastrophic failure under low energy impact loadings. This research examines the potential effects of including vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube forests within a layered laminate structure with the goal being to increase the energy dissipation of the structure with attention given to the increase in the aerial density as a result of including the insert. These nanotube forests are of interest due to their broader application in coupled scenarios requiring tenability of structural, thermal and electrical properties. These nanotube forests have unique energy dissipative effects due to their hierarchical architecture (see e.g., Dario et al. (2006), Zeng et al. (2010) and Raney et al. (2011)). We synthesize vertically aligned nanotubes (VACNTs) on a single crystalline silicon wafer. After separation with the wafer, the VACNTs are placed within a carbon fiber laminated structure prior to resin infusion using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Drop tower tests similar to ASTM D7136 are performed on carbon fiber laminates, carbon fiber laminates with nanotube forests, and carbon fiber laminates with several alternative materials. Results show an improved damage tolerance of the laminate with each of the investigated inserts, with the CNT system showing an increase of 13% in mean peak force. These results show a similar improvement to the alternative inserts while maintaining the potential for their broader application as a multifunctional material.

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Sharma, Satish, Nassif E. Rayess, and Nihad Dukhan. "Preliminary NVH Characterization of Metal Foam-Polymer Interpenetrating Phase Composites." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12672.

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The damping and basic dynamic properties of a novel type of multifunctional hybrid material known as Metal Foam-Polymer Composite are investigated. This material is obtained by injection molding a thermoplastic polymer through an open cell Aluminum Foam, in essence creating two contiguous morphologies; an Aluminum Foam interconnected “skeleton” with the open pores filled with a similarly interconnected polymer substructure. This coexistence of both materials allows each to contribute its salient properties (e.g. the plastics contributing surface toughness and the metal foams contributing thermal stability). Basic damping testing results are presented for various Aluminum Foam porosities and pore sizes as well as for three types of polymers. A basic mathematical model of the damping is also presented. The integrity of the interface between the Aluminum Foam and the Polymer is discussed in terms of its effect on the overall material damping.

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Sandor, M., S. Agarwal, D. Peters, and M. S. Cooper. "Reliability of Low Glass Transition Temperature COTS PEM’s for Space Applications." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35177.

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Microcircuit manufacturers of Plastic Encapsulated Microcircuits (PEM’s) have made changes in epoxy molding compound materials and chemistry, which lower Glass Transition Temperature (Tg). PEM users in harsh environments have concerns if either the part in its application, or in evaluation or assembly, is used close to, or above, the Tg. Various Tg measurement techniques are available and discussed. Test results from one technique is reviewed. The implications of the Tg results on usage of these parts in space applications will be presented. Burn-in/ reliability test results of samples with low Tg PEM’s will be presented. The reliability experiments include testing under different temperatures. The issue being addressed is whether outgassing of molding compounds occurs when the temperature of the molding compound exceeds the Tg. This is a caution noted by many vendors. As an example outgassing of flame retardants can degrade parametric performance and wire bond integrity. This would be the case when PEMS are being qualified for Space applications using burn-in or in storage environments. JPL’s past experience has shown that COTS PEMS parametrics can degrade significantly even when the burn-in temperature is well below the Tg. Two different microcircuits exhibiting low Tg were evaluated. Assessment of final electrical test measurements and yield are shown.

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Pongs, Guido, and Fritz Klocke. "Mold material influence on precision molding process of optical glass." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.2000.omb4.

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Schenk, Björn, Torsten Eggert, and Helmut Pucher. "A Unique Small Gas Turbine Test Facility for Low-Cost Investigations of Ceramic Rotor Materials and Thermal Barrier Coatings." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-348.

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The paper describes a test facility for small-scale gas turbines, which basically has been designed and assembled at the Institute of Combustion Engines of the Technical University Berlin. The facility exposes ceramic rotor components to the most significant loads that occur during real gas turbine operation in a clearly predefined manner (high circumferential velocities and highest turbine inlet temperatures). The test facility allows the investigation of bladed radial inflow turbine rotors, as well as — in a preceding step — geometrically simplified ceramic or coated metallic rotors. A newly designed, ceramically lined, variable geometry combustion chamber allows turbine inlet temperatures up to 1450°C (2640 F). A fast thermal shock unit (switching time of about 1s), which is integrated into the test facility between the combustion chamber and the turbine scroll, can be used to create, for example, severe transient temperature gradients within the rotor components to simulate gas turbine trip conditions. In order to generate steady state temperature gradients, especially during disk testing, the rotor components can be subjected to an impingement cooling of the rotor back face (uncoated in case of TBC-testing). The test facility is additionally equipped with a non-contact transient temperature measurement system (turbine radiation pyrometry) to determine the test rotor surface temperature distribution during operation. Apart from the possibilities of basic rotor material investigations, the test facility can also be used to automatically generate compressor and turbine performance characteristics maps. The latter might be used to assess the aerodynamic performance of bladed ceramic radial inflow or mixed flow turbine rotors with respect to manufacturing tolerances due to near-net-shape forming processes (e.g., gelcasting or injection molding).

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