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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Mold coatings"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Mold coatings"

1

Lee, Sang Yong, and Sang Yul Lee. "Application of PVD Coatings for Improvement of Die Performance in Copper Semi-Solid Processing." Solid State Phenomena 116-117 (October 2006): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.116-117.84.

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TiAlN/CrN multilayer coatings with an superlattice period of 6.1nm was applied to a proto-type high temperature segment mold for Cu semi-solid processing so that it was investigated the possibilities of TiAlN/CrN multilayer coating as a candidate protective coatings to extend the lifetime of high temperature molds and dies. Much improved performance was obtained from the TiAlN/CrN coated molds, although different behaviors were observed depending upon the type of substrate mold materials. . Improvement of mold performance was observed by TiAlN/CrN coating on AISI H13 steel, but TZM alloy with TiAlN/CrN coating was found to be the best candidate as a mold for high temperature Cu semi-solid processing.

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2

Chang, Yun Feng, Kung Hsu Hou, and Ming Der Ger. "Multi-Layer Coating for Optical Mold of Strengthening by Electroplating Ni-W and Electroless Plating Ni-Mo-P by Nonisothermal Method." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1896.

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The development of optical mold coatings has become a key technology in precision optical components in recent years. Researchers are still seeking ideal electroforming materials capable of resisting higher temperature and improve the lifespan of optical mold. Examples of these materials include Ni-W, and Ni-Mo-P alloy plating, among others. However, the literature rarely mentions these alloys as protective coatings. This may be because coating stability, flatness, and strength cannot achieve the desired protective effects. This study develops a combination of two wet electrochemical processes to form a multi-layer coating on optical molds. This coating consists of Ni-W, and Ni-Mo-P alloys. The proposed treatment process attempts to enhance the mechanical strength of the mold and extend its lifespan. We first used electro-deposition to form a thick-film Ni-W coating, and then applied the electroless plating by nonisothermal deposition method (NITD) to create a Ni-Mo-P thin-film and form a multi-layer coating. We also measured the composition, hardness, and elastic modulus of the protective coating as a reference basis for the development of optical molds. The results of this study reveal the appropriate process parameters to provide the multilayer films with a high strength and flat surface. This article can serve as a reference for the development of optical mold coatings.

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3

Borouni, Mansour, Behzad Niroumand, and Mohammad Hossein Fathi. "Evaluation of nano ceramic coating on radiographic defects of thin-walled AL4-4 aluminum alloy sand casting." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 22, no. 3 (October 3, 2016): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/212.

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Internal defects are among the problems in gravity casting of aluminum parts. The main internal volumetric defects are gas and shrinkage defects which form during solidification of the melt and drastically reduce the quality of the produced parts. These defects adversely affect the mechanical properties of thin walled castings parts. In this study, ceramic nanoparticles coatings were applied on the sand mold and the effect of mold coatings on the reduction of defects were investigated. X-ray radiography was used to detect defects in sand molds with ceramic nanoparticles coatings. For comparison, this test was performed on molds with micro-ceramic and graffiti coatings and uncoated sand mold. The results showed that the maximum amount of gas and shrinkage defects was observed in casting parts from AL4-1 alloy in uncoated molds. On the other hand, the minimum defects were found in molds coated with ceramic nanoparticles. It seems that the reduced defects in casting parts in molds coated with ceramic nanoparticles may be due to high thermal and chemical stability and higher heat transfer rate of the coating. These results can facilitate the production of high quality aluminum alloys parts using nanotechnology.

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4

Tangboriboon, Nuchnapa, Sirikarn Pakdeeniti, Ruksapong Kunanuruksapong, and Anuvat Sirivat. "CALCIUM SILICATE (CASIO3) AS ALTERNATIVE IONIC COAGULANT AND SOLID LUBRICANT FOR CERAMIC MOLDS IN NATURAL RUBBER LATEX FILM PREPARATION." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 85, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 645–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.12.88923.

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ABSTRACT Calcium silicate gel (CaSiO3) is a synthesized, ionic coagulant and solid lubricant prepared by the sol-gel process. Calcium silicate is an oxide compound used as an ionic coagulant in coatings on prototypic, standard molds before those molds are dipped into concentrated natural rubber latex in the latex film-production process. The advantages of coating the CaSiO3 gel, made from eggshells, on a ceramic mold surface are low water treatment, less-acid rising step, and a longer life of the standard molds. Synthesized CaSiO3 has good physical properties: a specific surface area of 107 m2/g, a small pore diameter of 14.91 nm, and a fine, average particle size of 20.76 μm, suitable for coating on standard or other ceramic molds. The concentrated latex film products obtained are thin and clear, with a smooth surfaces; they provide ease of mold release and have high tensile strength. The interfacial interaction γSL, between a prototype standard mold and the CaSiO3 gel, as an ionic coagulant is stronger than the γSL between a prototype standard mold and calcium nitrate gel is because of the electrostatic charges of CaSiO3 (Ca2+, Si4+, and O2−) on the mold surface.

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5

Pivovarchyk, A. A., and A. M. Mikhaltsov. "WASHING UP OF SEPARATE COATINGS IN MANUFACTURING CASES FROM ALUMINUM ALLOYS BY PRESSURE CASTING." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (April 6, 2018): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2018-1-78-83.

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The article presents the results of research of the influence of technological modes of injection molding of aluminum alloys, such as the pressing speed, molding time in a mold, the method of depositing a separation coating on the mold surface and the composition of the lubricant on the erosion resistance of the separation coatings. It is established that the pressing speed is most significant from the factors that influence the thickness of the lubricating layer forming on the working surface of the mold. When using water-based coatings, the thickness of the separation coating layer on the mold surface is reduced from 19,0 to 3,2 mm; for fatty separation coatings with a powder filler from 40,0 to 7,0 mm. It was also found that the minimum thickness of the lubricating layer of the separation coating is observed in the gate area and is in the range from 1,2 to 1,7 mm for the investigated water-emulsion separation coatings and 6,0 to 11,0 mm for fatty greases. It is shown that when the separation coatings are applied by a mechanized method, the thickness of the lubricating layer is 2,0–2,2 times lower than when applying lubricant manually.

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6

Cheng, Hu, Zhi Gang Fang, Xian Rui Zhao, Sheng Dai, and Jian Yi. "Effect of Laser Cladding Technologies on Microstructure and Properties of Ni-Based WC Alloy Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.245.

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The Ni-based WC alloy coatings were successfully fabricated on NAK80 mold steel by Nd:YAG and CO2 lasers. The microstructure and properties of the laser cladded coatings were analyzed by SEM, EDS, XRD and microhardness tester. The results show that phase constituents of both coatings are mainly composed of tungsten carbide (WC+W2C), Cr23C6, NiCr, CrB2 and γ-Ni. The excellent metallurgical bondings have formed at the interface between the substrate and the laser cladded coatings. Dendrite and white and block WC phase were observed in two kinds of laser cladded coatings, but the dendrite in Nd:YAG laser cladded coating is more fine. The microhardness of NAK80 mold steel is greatly improved by laser cladding, however the microhardness of the CO2 laser cladded coating is even higher than the Nd:YAG laser cladded coating.

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7

Zhang, Sam, Xianting Zeng, Zhenggui Tang, and Ming Jen Tan. "EXPLORING THE ANTISTICKING PROPERTIES OF SOLID LUBRICANT THIN FILMS IN TRANSFER MOLDING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2002): 1080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202010890.

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In the plastic molding industry, plastic parts like pager and handphone cases, plastic containers, etc. are formed in a mold by applying temperature and pressure. The transfer molding is the standard workhorse for the electronics industry. Although the transfer molding is widely used, it is far from being optimized. Mold sticking is a serious practical problem in this industry. A solution to the problem is to apply mold-releasing agents on the mold to act as a lubricant layer between the plastic and the mold. This easily results in stains and degraded surface finish. This paper investigates the effectiveness of solid thin films on reducing the adhesion between polymer and mold steel of different surface roughness. WS2, MoS2, and DLC coatings are deposited on test surfaces via unbalanced magnetron sputtering before polymer blocks are molded on and pulled apart using an Instron Machine. The force required to separate the plastic part and the mold steel is used as an indication of the stickiness. After the separation, the coating surface is also examined under microscope for stains and polymer residues. The coatings are characterized using Raman spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Generally, the stickiness increases with initial surface roughness for all coatings. Initial test indicates that the DLC coating has the highest contact angle with water (100°) and the best anti-sticking properties among the samples tested, and could reduce the stickiness by 80% as compared to bare steel.

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8

Dejun, Kong, and Li Jiahong. "Appraisal on corrosion performances of CrNi, TiAlN/CrNi and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings on H13 hot work mold." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 67, no. 2 (February 29, 2020): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-09-2019-2175.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the salt spray corrosion (SSC) and electrochemical corrosion performances of CrNi, TiAlN/NiCr and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings on H13 steel, which improved the corrosion resistance of H13 hot work mold. Design/methodology/approach CrNi, TiAlN/NiCr and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings were fabricated on H13 hot work mold steel using a laser cladding and cathodic arc ion plating. The SSC and electrochemical performances of obtained coatings were investigated using a corrosion test chamber and electrochemical workstation, respectively. The corrosion morphologies, microstructure and phases were analyzed using an electron scanning microscope, optical microscope and X-ray diffraction, respectively, and the mechanisms of corrosion resistance were also discussed. Findings The CrNi coating is penetrated by corrosion media, producing the oxide of Fe3O4 on the coating surface; and the TiAlN coating is corroded to enter into the CrNi coating, forming the oxides of TiO and NiO, the mechanism is pitting corrosion, whereas the CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coating is not penetrated, with no oxides, showing the highest SSC resistance among the three kinds of coatings. The corrosion potential of CrNi coating, TiAlN/CrNi and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings was –0.444, –0.481 and –0.334 V, respectively, and the corresponding polarization resistances were 3,074, 2,425 and 86,648 cm2, respectively. The electrochemical corrosion resistance of CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coating is the highest, which is enhanced by the additions of Al2O3 and TiO2. Originality/value The CrNi, TiAlN/CrNi and CrNi–Al2O3–TiO2 coatings on H13 hot work mold were firstly evaluated by the SSC and electrochemical performances.

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9

Han, Zhi Yong, Xiao Mei Wang, and Zhi Ping Wang. "The Stress Research during the HCPEB Treatment on the Thermal Barrier Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 1053 (October 2014): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1053.381.

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The 3-dimension temperature field mold is used to simulate the HCPEB treatment on the thermal barrier coating via Abaqus software. The stress distribution within the coating and the temperature variation during HCPEB treatment are simulated. It demonstrate that: with the outer energy increasing,the temperature distribution along with the vertical direction decreases: with the outer energy vanishing and the mold cooling down,the surface cools down first while the inner part of the coatings increases,then the inner energy releases through the surface and the whole mold cools down to the room temperature. The rate of temperature to time could reach 106 K/s-107 K/s. The stress decreases first and then increases along with the vertical direction of the coatings. The surface stress decreases at first, then rebounds to 0.5MPa and finally come to a stable value.

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10

Hopmann, Christian, Kirsten Bobzin, Tobias Brögelmann, Magnus Orth, Nathan Kruppe, and Mona Naderi. "Replication of micro-structured injection molds using physical vapor deposition coating and dynamic laser mold tempering." Journal of Polymer Engineering 38, no. 3 (March 28, 2018): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2017-0131.

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AbstractPlastics parts with micro-structured surfaces enable the development of innovative products such as optical components in sensors or light management systems for laser and LED applications. Moreover, micro-structured parts can be utilized in the medical and packaging industry for hydrophobic or antibacterial products. The production of micro-structured parts causes challenges in molding and demolding. Rough surfaces of the laser-structured mold inserts offer flow resistance during injection phase as well as increased demolding forces which cause failures of the replicated structures during ejection. Therefore, an innovative approach combines coated mold inserts by means of physical vapor deposition (PVD) and a highly dynamic laser tempering system to improve the replication of micro-structured plastics parts. Both uncoated and coated micro-structured mold inserts were used in a series of molding experiments by means of conventional and dynamic mold tempering. Based on the results, it can be shown that significant improvements of the replication of micro-structures of different sizes can be achieved by use of PVD mold coatings. This is attributed to the tribological interactions between coating and plastics melt. Furthermore, results indicate an influence of the thermal conductivity of PVD coatings to enhance replication quality.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Mold coatings"

1

Hancock, Amber Nicole. "A Comparison of the Degradation of Mold and Mold-like Fungi on Defined Synthetic Thermoset Polyadipate Polyurethane Coatings." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1589715689044313.

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2

Aramphongphun, Chuckaphun. "In-mold coating of thermoplastic and composite parts microfluidics and rheology /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1141759615.

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3

Bhagavatula, Narayan L. "Modeling and experimental verification of pressure prediction in the in-mold coating process for thermoplastic substrates." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1145371989.

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4

weathers, jeffrey wayne. "COMBINING THE MATRIX TRANSFORM METHOD WITH THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODELING TO ESTIMATE THE INTERFACIAL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT CORRESPONDING TO VARIOUS MOLD COATINGS." MSSTATE, 2005. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04072005-143359/.

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The interfacial heat transfer coefficient is an important variable regarding the subject of metal castings. The error associated with the experimental temperature data must be dealt with appropriately so that they do not significantly affect the resulting interfacial heat transfer coefficient. The systematic and random errors are addressed using a combination of three-dimensional finite element modeling and the matrix transform method, respectively. Experimentally obtained A356 permanent mold casting data was used to estimate the interfacial heat transfer coefficient corresponding to common industrial mold coatings.

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5

Бондаренко, Тамара Степановна. "Исследования возможности использования отходов химического производства для защиты литейных форм". Thesis, НТУ "ХПИ", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/25320.

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Созданы новые составы покрытий на основе отходов производства для защиты изложниц при разливке стали сифоном и сверху, характеризующиеся высокими показателями физико-механических свойств, эффективно защищающие рабочую поверхность изложниц от агрессивного воздействия стали и газов, обеспечивающие улучшение санитарно-гигиенические условия труда.
Created new coating compositions based waste products for the protection of molds for casting steel trap and above, characterized by high levels of physical and mechanical properties, effectively protects the work surface from aggressive mold steel and gas, providing improved sanitary conditions.

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6

Zuyev, Konstantin Sergeevich. "Processing studies in reactive in-mold coating for thermoplastic substrates." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1087449857.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 226 p. : ill. (some col.). Advisor: Jose M. Castro, Dept. of Industrial and Systems Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-226).

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7

Smith, Dawn E. "Novel surface coatings for mould release applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390251.

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8

Cabrera, Rios Mauricio. "MULTIPLE CRITERIA OPTIMIZATION STUDIES IN REACTIVE IN-MOLD COATING." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1022105843.

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9

Carbajal, Luis Rodrigo. "Microfluidics of In-Mold Coating Resins and Dilute DNA Suspensions." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275425873.

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10

Chen, Xu. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE IN-MOLD COATING PROCESS FOR INJECTION MOLDED THERMOPLASTIC PARTS." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1044377220.

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Книги з теми "Mold coatings"

1

Society, American Foundry. Mold & core coatings manual. 2nd ed. Des Plaines, Ill: American Foundry Society, 2000.

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2

Smith, D. E. Novel surface coatings for mould release applications. Manchester: UMIST, 1991.

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3

Mold and Core Coatings Manual. Amer Foundry Society, 1987.

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4

Faries, F. Mould Coatings for Continuously Cast Billet Production (Technical Steel Research). European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "Mold coatings"

1

Holtzer, Mariusz, and Angelika Kmita. "Protective Coatings for Mold and Core Sands." In Mold and Core Sands in Metalcasting: Chemistry and Ecology, 285–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53210-9_12.

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2

Rieser, Daniel, Peter Manns, Gerd Spieß, and Günter Kleer. "Investigations on Sticking Temperature and Wear of Mold Materials and Coatings." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 281–89. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118405949.ch27.

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3

Viitanen, Hannu, and Anne-Christine Ritschkoff. "Coating and surface treatment of wood." In Fundamentals of mold growth in indoor environments and strategies for healthy living, 463–88. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-722-6_17.

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4

Kim, Jae Won, Seong Hwan Park, H. C. Kim, Yeon Gil Jung, Je Hyun Lee, and Un Gyu Paik. "SiC Oxidation Protective Coating for Graphite Mould." In Key Engineering Materials, 57–62. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-965-2.57.

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5

Kim, Hyun Uk, Sang Hwa Jeong, Hye Jeong Kim, and Jeong Ho Kim. "Optical Properties of Aspheric Glass Lens Using DLC Coating Mold." In The Mechanical Behavior of Materials X, 1577–80. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-440-5.1577.

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6

Hansen, K. "Molds and Moldicide Formulations for Exterior Paints and Coatings." In ACS Symposium Series, 198–213. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0982.ch011.

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7

Lin, S. Y., S. H. Yu, and M. L. Wu. "Effect of Different Coating Materials on Cutting Performance in High-Speed Machining of Mold Steels." In Optics Design and Precision Manufacturing Technologies, 1026–31. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-458-8.1026.

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8

Peichl, L., J. Wortmann, and H. J. Rätzer-Scheibe. "The High Temperature Oxidation Behaviour of the Single Crystal Ni-Base alloy M002 Mod. With and Without Protective Coatings." In High Temperature Alloys, 363–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1347-9_36.

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9

Schaub, Michael, and Alan Symmons. "Mold Coatings." In Field Guide to Molded Optics. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/3.2230581.ch83.

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"In-Mold Finishing." In Coatings Technology, 375–78. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420044089-49.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Mold coatings"

1

Donovan, Chad B., and Michael Robert Badger. "MOLD COATINGS NOT THE LIMITING FACTOR." In 43º Seminário de Aciaria - Internacional. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/2594-5300-22338.

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2

Lee, Huei-Huang, Sheng-Jye Hwang, Durn-Yuan Huang, and Yeong-Jyh Lin. "Mold Adhesion Force Measurement." In ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33826.

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During the encapsulation process of IC packages, when epoxy molding compound (EMC) is filling the mold cavity and cured in the mold, adhesion effects occur in the interface between EMC and mold surface. Adhesion effects can cause many problems. For example, too large an adhesion force may damage an IC during ejection and cause the package to fail and thus lower the yield rate and reliability. To get rid of the mold adhesion problems, improving the mold design and applying suitable surface treatments such as mold surface coating are the common approaches. Applying suitable surface coating is a more popular and practical approach. How to evaluate the mold adhesion force and use the data to improve products yield rate are the main issues for packaging. This paper uses a semi-automatic EMC adhesion force test instrument that had been developed and fabricated to measure normal and shear adhesion forces between the mold surface and EMC. By measuring the adhesion force, one can judge how much does a specific type of surface treatment help in reducing the amount of mold adhesion force. Nine kinds of various mold surface coating were tested with this instrument to measure the magnitude of adhesion force between EMC to determine the effectiveness of mold coating. The measured data showed that with different coatings on mold surface, the mold adhesion force can be very different. This paper also discussed the issue of successive normal force test. Engineers would use the most effective mold coating material to execute the continuous normal adhesion experiment. The variation of normal force during successive molding test could be used to predict the time for mold cleaning. By counting the total number of shots when the normal force begins to rise, engineers can accurately predict the number of shots for a specific kind of mold surface coating to be cleaned. This paper also described the effects of defrosting period on mold adhesion force of EMC. Defrosting is a process to increase the frozen EMC temperature to room temperature and stay at room temperature for some time before molding. It was found by molding engineers that increased defrosting time period would increase the frequency of mold cleaning. But there had been no quantitative description on how much mold adhesion force increase during the defrosting process. A semi-automatic EMC adhesion force test instrument was used to evaluate the effects of defrosting period on mold adhesion force of EMC. It was found that increase the defrosting time will increase the amount of adhesion force between EMC and mold surface. The higher is the relative humidity during defrosting on the adhesion force, the higher is the increase of adhesion force.

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3

Agrawal, Raj K., Kerry L. Fox, and Niall R. Lynam. "Characterization of In-Mold Coatings on RIM Encapsulated Modular Windows." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/910755.

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4

Bielawski, Kevin S., and Nathan J. Sniadecki. "Cellular Traction Forces Measured With Microposts Made by Hot Embossing of Polystyrene." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14568.

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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has become a highly utilized tool to study the forces that cells generate, although, outside of lab on chip devices, it is not widely used and requires protein coatings to encourage cell adhesion1. Furthermore, PDMS suffers from changes in composition and stiffness with different curing conditions2. Alternatively, polystyrene is a common substrate that promotes cell adhesion and has mostly consistent properties; however, polystyrene is typically challenging to form without special equipment and expensive molds. Previously, a hot embossing method3 has been proposed to manufacture polystyrene devices using a PDMS negative mold and polystyrene chips. A moderate amount of pressure and temperatures above the glass transition temperature of polystyrene enable the polystyrene to flow into the mold. In this paper, we fabricate microposts out of polystyrene and successfully seed cells on top of the posts.

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5

Kim, G. E., P. G. Tsantrizos, S. Grenier, A. Cavasin, and T. Brzezinski. "Near Net-Shape Forming of Thermal Barrier Coated Components for Gas Turbine Engine Applications." In ITSC 1998, edited by Christian Coddet. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1998p1229.

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Abstract Many of the recent improvements in gas turbine engines have been attributed to the introduction of thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for superalloy components. There exists, however, some limitations in current fabrication methods for closed hot-section components: less than ideal coating quality, the need for welding, and limited choice of superalloy material. This paper describes a vacuum plasma near-net-shape process that overcomes these limitations. The process is used to fabricate closed components from yttria-stabilized-zirconia with a CoNiCrAlY bond coat and IN-738LC outer layer. The results from the study show that it is possible to produce near-net-shape superalloy parts with good coating properties and the absence of welds. The mold was reusable after minor reconditioning and the coatings were uniform in thickness and microstructure with a smooth surface finish. The bond coat and structural superalloy layers were very dense with no signs of oxidation at the interface. After heat treatment, the mechanical properties of the IN-738LC compare favorably to cast materials.

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Brown, Roger D. "The Use of Urethane In-Mold Coatings to Satisfy the Economic and Performance Needs of Window Encapsulation, Now and Tomorrow." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/920199.

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7

Berger, G. R., C. Steffel, and W. Friesenbichler. "On the use of interfacial tension parameter to predict reduction of friction by mold coatings in injection molding of polyamide 6." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE REGIONAL CONFERENCE GRAZ 2015 – POLYMER PROCESSING SOCIETY PPS: Conference Papers. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4965457.

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8

Moura, Ricardo Ribeiro, and Álisson Rocha Machado. "Machining of VP20ISOF Steel With Resharpened Carbide Tools in End Milling." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1052.

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The main objective of the present work is to determine the performance of resharpened integral coated cemented carbide end milling tools. Tools as new and after they have been resharpened were tested, during machining of hard steel used in the mold and die industry. The coatings used were TiAlN and AlCrN. The cutting speed was varied, keeping the depth of cut, the cutting width and the feed per tooth constants. Tests were carried out dry. A 23 factorial design was used, considering the following factors (and levels): cutting speed (80 and 100 m / min), tool coating (TiAlN and AlCrN) and the tool condition (new and reground). The output parameter considered is the tool life (wear rate). At the end of the tool life the wear mechanisms were analyzed within a Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM. The results showed that in general the AlCrN coated tools outperformed the TiAlN. The performance of resharpened tools was very similar to the new tools, and statistically there is no significant difference between their tool lives.

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9

Ford, David A., Keith P. L. Fullagar, Harry K. Bhangu, Malcolm C. Thomas, Phil S. Burkholder, Paul S. Korinko, Ken Harris, and Jacqueline B. Wahl. "Improved Performance Rhenium Containing Single Crystal Alloy Turbine Blades Utilising PPM Levels of the Highly Reactive Elements Lanthanum and Yttrium." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-371.

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Turbine inlet temperatures have now approached 1650°C (3000°F) at maximum power for the latest large commercial turbofan engines, resulting in high fuel efficiency and thrust levels approaching or exceeding 445 kN (100,000 lbs.). High reliability and durability must be intrinsically designed into these turbine engines to meet operating economic targets and ETOPS certification requirements. This level of performance has been brought about by a combination of advances in air cooling for turbine blades and vanes, computerized design technology for stresses and airflow and the development and application of rhenium (Re) containing, high γ′ volume fraction nickel-base single crystal superalloys, with advanced coatings, including prime-reliant ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Re additions to cast airfoil superalloys not only improve creep and thermo-mechanical fatigue strength but also environmental properties, including coating performance. Re slows down diffusion in these alloys at high operating temperatures.(1) At high gas temperatures, several issues are critical to turbine engine performance retention, blade life and integrity. These are tip oxidation in particular for shroudless blades, internal oxidation for lightly cooled turbine blades and TBC adherence to both the airfoil and tip seal liner. It is now known that sulfur (S) at levels < 10 ppm but > 0.2 ppm in these alloys reduces the adherence of α alumina protective scales on these materials or their coatings by weakening the Van der Waal’s bond between the scale and the alloy substrate. A team approach has been used to develop an improvement to CMSX-4® alloy which contains 3% Re, by reducing S and phosphorus (P) levels in the alloy to < 2 ppm, combined with residual additions of lanthanum (La) + yttrium (Y) in the range 10–30 ppm. Results from cyclic, burner rig dynamic oxidation testing at 1093°C (2000°F) show thirteen times the number of cycles to initial alumina scale spallation for CMSX-4 [La + Y] compared to standard CMSX-4. A key factor for application acceptance is of course manufacturing cost. The development of improved low reactivity prime coats for the blade shell molds along with a viable, tight dimensional control yttrium oxide core body are discussed. The target is to attain grain yields of single crystal CMSX-4 (ULS) [La + Y] turbine blades and casting cleanliness approaching standard CMSX-4. The low residual levels of La + Y along with a sophisticated homogenisation/solutioning heat treatment procedure result in full solutioning with essentially no residual γ/γ′ eutectic phase, Ni (La, Y) low melting point eutectics and associated incipient melting pores. Thus, full CMSX-4 mechanical properties are attained. The La assists with ppm chemistry control of the Y throughout the single crystal turbine blade castings through the formation of a continuous lanthanum oxide film between the molten and solidifying alloy and the ceramic core and prime coat of the shell mold. Y and La tie up the < 2 ppm but > 0.2 ppm residual S in the alloy as very stable Y and La sulfides and oxysulfides, thus preventing diffusion of the S atoms to the alumina scale layer under high temperature, cyclic oxidising conditions. La also forms a stable phosphide. CMSX-4 (ULS) [La + Y] HP shroudless turbine blades will commence engine testing in May 1998.

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Pratt, Ivor, and Roger D. Brown. "In Mold Coating of Encapsulated Windows." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/900518.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Mold coatings"

1

Doane, John. Proposal for In-Situ Determination of Acoustic Parameters of Navy Coatings for Mold-In-Place Application. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375831.

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2

Okoli, Okenwa I. Development of the Resin Infusion between Double Flexible Tooling process : assessment of the viability of in-mold coating and implementation of UV curing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/920819.

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