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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 23 лютого 2024

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1

Rebbah, Redjem, Amar Bentounsi, Houcine Benalla, and Hind Djeghloud. "Optimisation de la commande d’une génératrice à réluctance variable pour une application éolienne." Journal of Renewable Energies 13, no. 3 (October 25, 2023): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v13i3.209.

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Анотація:

Cet article a pour objectif de présenter une nouvelle stratégie de commande optimale d’une génératrice à réluctance variable (GRV) entrainée directement par une turbine éolienne en vue de maximiser le rendement énergétique. Il s’agit d’optimiser les angles de commutations du convertisseur associé à une GRV 6/4, en modes continu (impulsion unique) et haché (modulation de largeur d’impulsion), selon un processus original qui consiste à approcher la caractéristique flux-courants pour une vitesse donnée par une courbe référence idéalisée pour la vitesse nominale qui permet de maximiser la surface correspondant à l’énergie convertie. Les résultats des simulations sont analysés et illustrent les bonnes performances du contrôleur proposé pour une application éolienne à vitesse de vent variable.

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2

Vourdas, A., and J. R. F. da Rocha. "Pulse Position Modulation and Extended Pulse Position Modulation with Squeezed Light." Journal of Modern Optics 41, no. 12 (December 1994): 2291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500349414552141.

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3

Lu, Yang, Xingao Li, Xiaodan Pang, Linghuan Hu, Xijie Wang, Meihua Bi, and Jiajia Chen. "Mark ratio modulation over pulse position modulation." Optical Fiber Technology 57 (July 2020): 102201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102201.

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4

Arnold, J. M. "Soliton pulse-position modulation." IEE Proceedings J Optoelectronics 140, no. 6 (1993): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-j.1993.0056.

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5

Yao, Min, Olga Korotkova, Chaoliang Ding, and Liuzhan Pan. "Position modulation with random pulses." Optics Express 22, no. 13 (June 23, 2014): 16197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.016197.

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6

GHASSEMLOOY, Z. "Pulse position modulation spectral investigation." International Journal of Electronics 74, no. 1 (January 1993): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207219308925822.

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7

Yang, Jiarun. "FPGA-based PPM Modulation System Design." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 53 (June 30, 2023): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v53i.9687.

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As a widely used modulation technique in the field of communication, PPM modulation techniques have the advantages of high interference immunity, simple coding and high-power utilization, and are often applied in practical scenarios. PPM modulation techniques can be divided into three categories. single pulse position modulation, differential pulse position modulation and multi pulse position modulation. In different application scenarios, different kinds of pulse position modulation methods should be selected for modulation. In this paper, the frame structures of these three types of pulse position modulation are discussed using the Verilog language based on FPGA, the corresponding mapping relationships for each type of pulse position modulation are given, and the design and performance of these three types of pulse position modulation demodulation systems are compared.

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8

Eriksson, Tobias A., Pontus Johannisson, Benjamin J. Puttnam, Erik Agrell, Peter A. Andrekson, and Magnus Karlsson. "K-Over-L Multidimensional Position Modulation." Journal of Lightwave Technology 32, no. 12 (June 15, 2014): 2254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2014.2322117.

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9

Akdeniz, Bayram Cevdet, Ali Emre Pusane, and Tuna Tugcu. "Position-based modulation in molecular communications." Nano Communication Networks 16 (June 2018): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nancom.2018.01.004.

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10

Wang, Youran. "Analysis of bit error rate of pulse position modulation in free-space optical communication." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 53 (June 30, 2023): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v53i.9682.

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Анотація:

Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) modulation is a widely used modulation method in free-space optical (FSO) communication, which has many medium forms. This work introduces and summarises the three main PPM modulation methods, L-ary pulse position modulation (L-PPM), L-ary differential pulse position modulation (L-DPPM), and L-ary multiple pulse position modulation (L-MPPM), and summarises their respective characteristics and suitable usage scenarios. At the same time, this study analyzes several cases of combining coding methods with PPM modulation methods and finds that the right coding method can make PPM modulation methods more valuable. In addition, receiver diversity and/or aperture averaging can both improve the connection error performance.

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11

Gu, Silyu, Chunliang Liang, and Jiaxu Zhang. "Spectral Analysis of (Multi-) Pulse-Position Modulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2093, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2093/1/012024.

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Abstract Nowadays, laser communication has received great achievements owing to its advantages, e.g., large channel capacity, easy miniaturization of communication system and strong anti-interference ability in different conditions. Pulse position modulation (PPM), as an important modulation technology in laser communication system that transmit signal with lower power, is attracting much attention. However, the performance of the modulation scheme highly depends on the bandwidth of transmission. To remedy this defect of PPM, the multipulse position modulation (MPPM) scheme is proposed to increase the accuracy and bandwidth limit. This modulation scheme has stronger anti-interference ability than PPM. Therefore, there has been rising interest in studying the characteristics of the multi-PPM. In this article, we developed an appropriate mathematical model to represent a PPM transmission, analyzed the spectrum of the transmission and characterized the bandwidth of this transmission. Compared with benchmarks of MPPM scheme, its performance has been discussed. According to the analysis, MPPM strongly increases band-utilization efficiency, however PPM has a better bit error rate (BER) performance than MPPM.

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12

Yu, Nanjun, Pengzhao Wang, and Zhiyi Zhuang. "Design of Digital Pulse-Position Modulation System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2093, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2093/1/012030.

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Abstract Pulse-Position Modulation (PPM) is a modulation method that only makes every pulse in the carrier pulse sequence change with time but without changing the shape and amplitude of the pulse signal. In this paper, a PPM system is designed. Firstly, an appropriate mathematical model is established to represent PPM transmission, and the shape of the pulse signal is designed. After that, we write the code and add a white Gaussian noise channel. Then the transmission process is simulated and visualized. At last, the error rate of the scheme is analyzed and discussed through MATLAB simulation then compared with other modulation methods. The goal of this paper is to study PPM by designing a PPM system fully. Besides, our method is compared with other modulation methods to understand the advantages and disadvantages of PPM. This may help other scholars to design and research the PPM system.

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13

Popoola, Wasiu O., Enrique Poves, and Harald Haas. "Spatial Pulse Position Modulation for Optical Communications." Journal of Lightwave Technology 30, no. 18 (September 2012): 2948–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2012.2208940.

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14

Hausien, H. H., and J. D. Martin. "Optical sources for pulse‐position‐modulation systems." Review of Scientific Instruments 63, no. 1 (January 1992): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143786.

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15

Esman, Daniel J., Vahid Ataie, Bill P. P. Kuo, Nikola Alic, and Stojan Radic. "Frequency-Hopping Pulse Position Modulation Ultrawideband Receiver." Journal of Lightwave Technology 35, no. 10 (May 15, 2017): 1894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2017.2672527.

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16

Ray, Indrani, Martin J. N. Sibley, and Peter J. Mather. "Spectral characterisation of offset pulse position modulation." IET Optoelectronics 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-opt.2014.0035.

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17

Rulkov, N. F., M. M. Sushchik, L. S. Tsimring, and A. R. Volkovskii. "Digital communication using chaotic-pulse-position modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications 48, no. 12 (December 2001): 1436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2001.972850.

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18

Ishihara, Isoko, Tadafumi Adachi, Shoko Toi, Toshifumi Morimoto, and Yuji Masuda. "Modulation of jaw position by cortical stimulation." Neuroscience Research 65 (January 2009): S167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.872.

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19

Klein, A. G., and P. Duhamel. "Decision-Feedback Equalization for Pulse-Position Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 55, no. 11 (November 2007): 5361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2007.899392.

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20

Park, Hyuncheol. "Performance Bound on Multiple-Pulse Position Modulation." Optical Review 10, no. 3 (May 2003): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-003-0131-7.

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21

Nguyen, Hoang V., and Christophe Caloz. "CRLH Delay Line Pulse Position Modulation Transmitter." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 18, no. 8 (August 2008): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2008.2001012.

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22

Fluckiger, David U., Brian F. Boland, and Eran Marcus. "Optimal pseudorandom pulse position modulation ladar waveforms." Applied Optics 54, no. 9 (March 11, 2015): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.54.002183.

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23

Leeson, M. S. "Pulse Position Modulation for Spectrum-Sliced Transmission." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 16, no. 4 (April 2004): 1191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2004.824668.

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24

Shibata, Daisuke, and Marco Santello. "Role of digit placement control in sensorimotor transformations for dexterous manipulation." Journal of Neurophysiology 118, no. 5 (November 1, 2017): 2935–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00211.2017.

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Dexterous manipulation relies on the ability to modulate grasp forces to variable digit position. However, the sensorimotor mechanisms underlying such critical ability are not well understood. The present study addressed whether digit force-to-position modulation relies entirely on feedback of digit placement and force, or on the integration of such feedback with motor commands responsible for digit positioning. In two experiments, we asked 25 subjects to estimate the index fingertip position relative to the thumb (perception test) or to grasp and lift an object with an asymmetrical mass distribution while preventing object roll (action test). Both tests were performed after subjects’ digits were placed actively or passively at different distances (active and passive condition, respectively) and without visual feedback. Because motor commands for digit positioning would be integrated with position and force feedback in the active condition, we hypothesized this condition to be characterized by greater accuracy of digit position estimation and digit force-to-position modulation. Surprisingly, discrimination of digit position and force-to-position modulation was statistically indistinguishable in the active and passive conditions. We conclude that voluntary commands for digit positioning are not essential for accurate estimation of finger position or modulation of digit forces to variable digit position. Thus digit force-to-position modulation can be implemented by integrating sensory feedback of digit position and voluntary commands of digit force production following contact. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study was designed to understand the sensorimotor mechanisms underlying digit force-to-position modulation required for manipulation. Surprisingly, estimation of relative digit position and force-to-position modulation was accurate regardless of whether the digits were passively or actively positioned. Therefore, accurate estimation of digit position does not require an efference copy of active digit positioning, and the hypothesized advantage of active over passive movement on estimation of end-point position appears to be task and effector dependent.

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25

Ren Xin, 任鑫, 李洪祚 Li Hongzuo, 王岩 Wang Yan, and 郝子强 Hao Ziqiang. "Effect for Modulation Rate of Pulsed Fiber Laser on Pulse Position Modulation." Acta Optica Sinica 34, no. 7 (2014): 0706002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201434.0706002.

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26

Shannon, D. C., D. W. Carley, and H. Benson. "Aging of modulation of heart rate." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 253, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): H874—H877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1987.253.4.h874.

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We postulated that measurements of autonomically mediated fluctuations in heart rate might provide a quantitative probe of biological aging. We used power spectrum analysis of instantaneous heart rate while 33 male subjects matched their breathing to a metronome at 15 breaths/min. Measurements were made in supine and standing position. Total power and its two major components, high- and low-frequency power, declined with age in both positions but at different rates. High-frequency power that represents parasympathetically mediated respiratory sinus arrhythmia declined linearly in supine position only in subjects 9-28 yr with a slope of -0.796, which was significantly different from zero at P = 0.0007. The absolute value of high-frequency power in standing position was approximately 60% of that in supine, a difference that was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Low-frequency power that represents beta-adrenergically mediated heart rate fluctuations, especially in standing position, declined linearly to 62 yr of age (P = 0.0001). Mean heart rate increased 17.2 beats/min, and diastolic blood pressure increased 8 mmHg in the entire group in the standing compared with supine position. There were no significant differences in these changes above and below 30 yr of age. We conclude that the influence of the two major mechanisms that modulate heart rate decline at significantly different rates with aging.

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27

Wisartpong, Pichet, Vorapong Silaphan, Sunee Kurutach, and Paramote Wardkein. "Current mode pulse width modulation/pulse position modulation based on phase lock loop." Journal of Electrical Engineering 68, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jee-2017-0026.

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Abstract In this paper, the fully integrated CMOS current mode PLL with current input injects at the place of input or output of the loop filter without summing amplifier circuit. It functions as PPM and PWM circuit is present. In addition, its frequency response is an analysis which electronic tuning BPF and LPF are obtained. The proposed circuit has been designed with 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The simulation results of this circuit can be operated at 2.5 V supply voltage, at center frequency 100 MHz. The linear range of input current can be adjusted from 43 μA to 109 μA, and the corresponding duty cycle of pulse width output is from 93% to 16% and the normalized pulse position is from 0.93 to 0.16. The power dissipation of this circuit is 4.68 mW with the total chip area is 28 μm × 60 μm.

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28

Lei Yang, Chaolong Shan, and Yujie Xiao. "Improved Randomized Pulse Position Modulation for Power Converters." International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications 6, no. 15 (August 31, 2012): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jdcta.vol6.issue15.50.

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29

GUO Shu-xu, 郭树旭, 臧玲玲 ZANG Ling-ling, 韩明珠 HAN Ming-zhu, 陈海鹏 CHEN Hai-peng, and 钟菲 ZHONG Fei. "Interval pulse position modulation in visible light communication." Optics and Precision Engineering 22, no. 7 (2014): 1760–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/ope.20142207.1760.

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30

Hursky, Paul, Michael B. Porter, Vincent K. McDonald, and Joseph A. Rice. "Passive phase‐conjugate signaling using pulse‐position modulation." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 109, no. 5 (May 2001): 2477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4744799.

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31

Gursoy, Mustafa Can, Ertugrul Basar, Ali Emre Pusane, and Tuna Tugcu. "Pulse Position-Based Spatial Modulation for Molecular Communications." IEEE Communications Letters 23, no. 4 (April 2019): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2019.2898190.

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32

Cryan, R. A., and M. J. N. Sibley. "Multiple pulse position modulation employing raised cosine filtering." IEE Proceedings - Optoelectronics 153, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-opt:20050084.

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33

Fujiwara, Yuichiro. "Self-Synchronizing Pulse Position Modulation With Error Tolerance." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 59, no. 9 (September 2013): 5352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2013.2262094.

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34

Calvert, N. M., M. J. N. Sibley, and R. T. Unwin. "Experimental optical fibre digital pulse-position modulation system." Electronics Letters 24, no. 2 (1988): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19880086.

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35

Cryan, R. A., and M. J. N. Sibley. "nk-pulse position modulation for optical wireless communication." Electronics Letters 41, no. 18 (2005): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20051726.

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36

Cryan, R. A., and M. Menon. "Spectral characterisation of nk pulse position modulation format." Electronics Letters 41, no. 23 (2005): 1293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20053277.

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37

Arnold, J. M. "Digital pulse-position modulation of optical fiber solitons." Optics Letters 21, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.21.000030.

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38

Wu, Yunnan, and Anxiao Jiang. "Position Modulation Code for Rewriting Write-Once Memories." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 57, no. 6 (June 2011): 3692–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2011.2134370.

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39

Hussein, Gamal A., Hany Kasban, Osama A. Oraby, Emad S. Hassan, Abd El-Naser A. Mohamed, Ibrahim M. Eldokany, El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie, Moawad I. Dessouky, Saleh A. Alshebeili, and Fathi E. Abd El-Samie. "Efficient pulse position modulation for optical CDMA system." Journal of Optics 43, no. 3 (June 28, 2014): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12596-014-0195-8.

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40

Cryan, R. A. "Spectral characterisation of shortened pulse position modulation format." Electronics Letters 46, no. 5 (2010): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2010.2667.

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41

Xuan Quyen, Nguyen, Vu Van Yem, Thang Manh Hoang, and Kyandoghere Kyamakya. "M×N‐ary chaotic pulse‐width‐position modulation." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 32, no. 3 (May 3, 2013): 776–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321641311305746.

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42

Nah, Jihah, Jongweon Kim, and Jaeseok Kim. "Video Forensic Marking Algorithm using Peak Position Modulation." Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences 7, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): 2391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/amis/070632.

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43

Jungnickel, V., A. Can, and C. von Helmolt. "Fast word synchronisation for digital pulse-position modulation." Electronics Letters 35, no. 4 (1999): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19990228.

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44

Cryan, R. A., and R. T. Unwin. "Reed—solomon coded homodyne digital pulse position modulation." IEE Proceedings I Communications, Speech and Vision 139, no. 2 (1992): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-i-2.1992.0021.

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45

O'Reilly, J. J., and Wang Yichao. "Line code design for digital pulse-position modulation." IEE Proceedings F Communications, Radar and Signal Processing 132, no. 6 (1985): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-1.1985.0084.

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46

Peile, R. E. "Error correction, interleaving and differential pulse position modulation." International Journal of Satellite Communications 6, no. 2 (April 1988): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sat.4600060212.

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47

Hikawa, Hiroomi. "A multilayer neural network with pulse position modulation." Systems and Computers in Japan 34, no. 13 (October 14, 2003): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.10474.

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48

Zekry, Abdelhalim, Christena Ghandour, Nazmi A. Mohammed, and S. El-Rabaie. "Hybrid modulation schemes for data transmission improvement of indoor visible light communication system." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (October 6, 2018): 2822. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.19423.

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Анотація:

This work enhances the bit rate characteristics, receiver sensitivity and power requirements of multicarrier modulation schemes (MCM) for visible light communication (VLC) dimming control system at bit error rate (BER) less than 10-3. This study develops the mathematical formulation for merging pulse position modulation (PPM) and overlapping pulse position modulation (OPPM) with M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation DC-Biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (M-QAM DCO OFDM), which can achieve efficient data transmission while maintaining communication quality. These schemes are then compared with the conventional merging (i.e M-QAM DCO OFDM with pulse width modulation (PWM)). Relating to the recent advances in the field, the additional comparative study is established with the latest merging platform (i.e. M-QAM DCO OFDM with multiple pulse position modulation (MPPM)).

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49

Wu, Kaiwei, Xiaoshan Shi, Chunhua Liu, Bing Yang, and Zhiqi Wang. "A Chaotic Pulse Position Modulation Method for Ultra-Wideband Fuze." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2478, no. 12 (June 1, 2023): 122062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2478/12/122062.

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Анотація:

Abstract This paper presents a composite chaotic binary sequence that can be used for ultra-wideband(UWB) fuze pulse position modulation, which has good randomness under byte-constrained conditions. The feasibility of this composite sequence for UWB fuze pulse position modulation is verified by hardware implementation. The application of this composite chaotic sequence with good randomness for UWB fuze pulse position modulation will increase the difficulty of recognition by fuze jammer and enhance the radio fuze resistance to active interference.

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Wimmer, Dominik, Markus Hutterer, Matthias Hofer, and Manfred Schrödl. "Space Vector Modulation Strategies for Self-Sensing Three-Phase Radial Active Magnetic Bearings." Actuators 8, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act8020041.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The focus of this study lies on the investigation of the space vector modulation of a self-sensing three-phase radial active magnetic bearing. The determination of the rotor position information is performed by a current slope-based inductance measurement of the actuator coils. Therefore, a special pulse width modulation sequence is applied to the actuator coils by a conventional three-phase inverter. The choice of the modulation type is not unique and provides degrees of freedom for different modulation patterns, which are described in this work. For a self-sensing operation of the bearing, certain constraints of the space vector modulation must be considered. The approach of a variable space vector modulation is investigated to ensure sufficient dynamic in the current control as well as the suitability for a self-sensing operation with an accurate rotor position acquisition. Therefore, different space vector modulation strategies are considered in theory as well as proven in experiments on a radial magnetic bearing prototype. Finally, the performance of the self-sensing space vector modulation method is verified by an external position measurement system.

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