Статті в журналах: "MODIFIED VEGETABLE OIL"

1

Xu, Peng Fei. "The Prospect of Nano Vegetable Transformer Oil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 192 (July 2012): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.192.293.

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This paper started with the performance of ordinary transformer oil, and then compared the Nano-modified vegetable oil with transformer oil. From the comparison of results, the author drew a conclusion that Nano vegetable oil must have broad prospects in the use of the transformer.

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2

Mokhtari, Chakib, Fouad Malek, Sami Halila, Mohamed Naceur Belgacem, and Ramzi Khiari. "New Biobased Polyurethane Materials from Modified Vegetable Oil." Journal of Renewable Materials 9, no. 7 (2021): 1213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2021.015475.

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Veronese, Vinícius B., Rodrigo K. Menger, Maria Madalena de C. Forte, and Cesar L. Petzhold. "Rigid polyurethane foam based on modified vegetable oil." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 120, no. 1 (October 19, 2010): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.33185.

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4

Jeevan, T. P., and S. R. Jayaram. "Performance Evaluation of Jatropha and Pongamia Oil Based Environmentally Friendly Cutting Fluids for Turning AA 6061." Advances in Tribology 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2425619.

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Owing to the desirable properties of vegetable oils as cutting fluids, an attempt is made to explore the potentiality of plentifully available vegetable oils as a cutting fluid for turning AA 6061. Two nonedible vegetable oils, Jatropha and Pongamia, in their chemically modified (epoxidized) versions are used as straight cutting fluids. Cutting fluids are introduced to the machining zone with the aid of Minimal Quantity Lubrication (MQL) method. Taguchi’s technique of orthogonal arrays is used to develop an effective design of experiments. The results obtained under epoxidized versions of Jatropha and Pongamia oils are compared with the results of mineral oil in terms of cutting forces and surface roughness. Experimental observations and statistical analysis show that, compared to mineral oil, the modified versions of vegetable oil-based cutting fluids are more effective in reducing the cutting forces and increasing surface finish. It is also observed that the modified Pongamia oil showed lesser flank wear compared to the other two tested oils.

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5

Hayichelaeh, Chesidi, Watcharawoot Wangwon, Charoen Nakason, and Anoma Thitithammawong. "Effect of N-Phenyl-p-Phenylenediamine Modified Vegetable Oils on Properties of ENR/PP Thermoplastic Vulcanizates: A Comparative Study." Advanced Materials Research 844 (November 2013): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.844.162.

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This research focuses on feasibility study of using n-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine modified vegetable oils as processing oil in the blend formulation of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) /polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs). Effect of n-phenyl-p-phenylene-diamine modified vegetable oils on tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the ENR/PP TPVs was investigated. For a comparison purpose, vegetable oils, epoxidized vegetable oils, and white oil were selected and also used in our experiment. Results show that all types of oils used in this study did not give the TPVs with significantly different values of tensile strength. The TPVs with petrochemical based white oil obviously provided the best elongation at break and tension set. However, by using n-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine modified palm oil (pA-m-EPO) the ENR/PP TPVs showed superior elastomeric properties (higher storage modulus together with lower tension set, tan δ and complex viscosity) than those of other TPVs. This means that the pA-m-EPO performed good compatibility with the TPV and had good distribution in the ENR molecules.

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6

Gahir, Gurmeet Singh, and Surendrapal Singh Matharu. "Characterization of Non-Edible Oil for Development of Stable Industrial Lubricant." E3S Web of Conferences 405 (2023): 04045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340504045.

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Lubricant derived from Mineral oil are not renewable, detrimental to health, and fluctuating in price. As a result, vegetable based oils are regarded as best substitute of mineral oil in the manufacturing of lubricants. It has become vital to do analysis on the application of unconsumable oils for stable industry lubricant development. In this work, the characteristic investigation of lubricant derived from vegetable which are not edible (ex-Jatropha) that can be used for industrial application is analysed. The oil was analysed and changed to make it suitable for development as lubricants for industrial uses. As a control, a mineral based oil that is commercially available as lubricant (SAE 20/W50) was employed. Jatropha oil was modified to improve viscosity while modification has also reduced the viscosity index in parallel. Jatropha oil, contrasting any other vegetable oils, has outstanding cold-flow capabilities, and mitigation of the oils has further improved oil’s cold-flow properties. The pH exhibited by modified Jatropha oil is in the alkaline scale, a high viscosity index. Thus, both modified and unmodified (Esterified) Jatropha oil have been proven to be appropriate for industry usage in low-temperature networks. The modified Jatropha oil was discovered to be an environmentally safe substitute of the oil that are mineral based lubricant (SAE 20/W50) to be used in 2- stroke engines, metal shaping, and gear lubrication in the food treating industry.

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7

Guilarduci, Viviane Vasques da Silva, Honória Fátima Gorgulho, Patrícia Benedini Martelli, Vanessa Soares dos Santos, and William Graciliano Corrêa. "Avaliação do bagaço de cana natural e modificado como potencial sorvente de óleo vegetal." Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável 11, no. 4 (November 15, 2016): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v11i4.4172.

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O óleo e a gordura vegetal residual, utilizados para a preparação de alimentos representam um perigoso poluente para as águas de córregos e rios. Um dos métodos mais utilizados nas últimas décadas para limpeza da água oleosa é a aplicação de biossorventes, pois apresentam facilidade para remoção e recuperação do óleo. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a influência das modificações do bagaço de cana com anidrido acético (acetilação) e com 3-aminopropiltrietoxisilano (silanização) sob a sorção de óleo vegetal. A modificação das fibras foi avaliada pelas técnicas de espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análise termogravimétrica (TG), difração de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e análise de área superficial e porosidade. Os resultados obtidos indicaram maior sorção de óleo vegetal para o bagaço de cana modificado com anidrido acético (BCA), 667 mg.g-1, seguido pelo bagaço de cana sem modificação (BCN) com sorção de 576 mg.g-1. O bagaço de cana modificado com 3-aminopropiltrietoxisilano (BCS) apresentou menor sorção, 425 mg.g-1, o que foi atribuído à sua maior hidrofilicidade.Evaluation of natural and modified sugarcane bagasse as sorbent of vegetable oil Abstract: The oil and the residual vegetable fat, used for the preparation of foods represent a dangerous pollutant for the waters of streams and rivers. One of the most used methods in the last decades for cleaning the oily water is the application of biosorbents, since they are easy to remove and recover the oil. In this sense, the purpose of this work was to determine the influence of the modifications of sugarcane bagasse with acetic anhydride (acetylation) and with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (silanization) under sorption of vegetable oil. The BCN and the grafted products were further characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and analysis of surface area and porosity. The results showed higher sorption of vegetable oil for the acetic anhydride-modified sugarcane bagasse (BCA), 667 mg.g-1, followed by sugarcane bagasse without modification (BCN) with sorption of 576 mg.g-1. The cane bagasse modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (BCS) presented lower sorption, 425 mg.g-1, which was attributed to its greater hydrophilicity.

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8

Schmidt, Štefan, Silvia Hurtová, Jaroslav Zemanovič, Stanislav Sekretár, Peter Šimon, and Paul Ainsworth. "Preparation of modified fats from vegetable oil and fully hydrogenated vegetable oil by randomization with alkali catalysts." Food Chemistry 55, no. 4 (April 1996): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(95)00113-1.

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9

PENCZEK, PIOTR, DOROTA ABRAMOWICZ, GABRIEL ROKICKI, and RYSZARD OSTRYSZ. "Unsaturated polyester resins modified with vegetable oil and dicyclopentadiene." Polimery 49, no. 11/12 (November 2004): 767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2004.767.

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10

Sonibare, Kolawole, George Rucker, and Liqun Zhang. "Molecular dynamics simulation on vegetable oil modified model asphalt." Construction and Building Materials 270 (February 2021): 121687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121687.

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11

SISYUK, V. G., L. I. ZEL, N. G. UGRO, and S. M. OSTAPIUK. "MODIFICATION OF VEGETABLE OILS WITH REACTIVE COMPOUNDS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRINTING INKS." Polymer journal 45, no. 4 (December 20, 2023): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.45.04.286.

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The modification of existing paints and varnishes based on alkyd resins, as well as the creation of new film formers using functionalised oligomers to improve the properties of materials in use, has been carried out. The aim of the work is to study vegetable oils used in the production of printing inks and to modify them in order to improve their technological properties. The work carried out allows the use of printing inks based on modified vegetable oils, with the expansion of their scope of application in the production of various printed products. The modification of vegetable oils was carried out by interaction with synthesised urethane-containing reactive block copolymers. Modification of mustard oil allows to change its structure, to increase its molecular weight by oligomerisation of the oil with obtaining of branched structure. Modified vegetable oils provide fast drying alkyd coatings, even in air. The properties of modified oils, the rate of film formation depend on the chemical nature of the block copolymer, its reactivity. The main processes of oil film structuring are due to oxidative and thermal polymerisation of double bonds of fatty acid residues. Optimisation of the vegetable oil modification process has been carried out, a formulation for the production of printing inks has been developed and production tests have been carried out with positive results.

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12

Langa, Elizabeth, Giovanna Buonocore, Antonino Squillace, and Herminio Muiambo. "Effect of Vegetable Oil on the Properties of Asphalt Binder Modified with High Density Polyethylene." Polymers 15, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15030749.

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Economic development results in increased traffic and higher traffic loads that often cause serious asphalt pavement problems, such as permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, and reduced lifetime. Polymers are seen as viable asphalt additives to minimize these problems. However, their incorporation reduces the workability of the material due to the increase in the viscosity of the blend. This study evaluates the effect of the addition of soybean oil on the physical, rheological, and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-modified asphalt binder. The HDPE was kept at 5 wt.% and the soybean oil the asphalt was varied from 1 to 7 wt.%. A series of tests was conducted to evaluate the binders, comprising conventional tests (penetration, softening point, and ductility) rheological performance tests (dynamic viscosity and short-term aging (RTFO), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The addition of HDPE reduced the penetration and increased the softening point and viscosity. The oil reduced steadily the viscosity, improved the workability and the thermal susceptibility of the modified asphalt up to 3 wt.% of oil, and reduced about 92% mass gain after aging. Hence, the oil is considered a good modifier agent for the improvement of polymer-modified asphalt’s workability under service conditions.

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13

Shashidhara, Y. M., and S. R. Jayaram. "Tribological Studies on AISI 1040 with Raw and Modified Versions of Pongam and Jatropha Vegetable Oils as Lubricants." Advances in Tribology 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/560175.

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The friction and wear tests on AISI 1040 are carried out under raw, modified versions of two nonedible vegetable oils Pongam (Pongamia pinnata) and Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) and also commercially available mineral oil using a pin-on-disc tribometer for various sliding distances and loads. A significant drop in friction and wear for AISI 1040 is observed under Pongam and Jatropha raw oil compared to mineral oil, for the complete tested sliding distance and load, increasing the potential of vegetable oil for tribological applications. Stribeck curves are also drawn to understand the regimes of lubrication. Both the vegetable oils showed a clear reduction in the boundary lubrication regimes, leading to an early start of full film lubrication.

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14

Rakhimov, Dilshod, Nodira Fayzullayeva, Kamola Shomaksudova, Nuriddin Kenjayev, Zulfiya Hakimova, Sherzod Rakhmanov, and Ahror Abduraximov. "A bibliometric review of vegetable oils and modified fats studied in scientific bases around the world." BIO Web of Conferences 93 (2024): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20249302005.

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Vegetable oil and modified oils are one of the main products involved in the preparation of food products necessary for human existence. These products mainly use chocolate oil, animal fats, solid hydrogenated hard oil, normalized trans isomers of trans isomers, milk fat substitutes, margarines within the requirements for hardness, and modified oils. Modification oils have been studied in various articles by world of countries scientists in the period from 2013 to 2022. Sources for this article are from Scopus. Below, the effectiveness of this modification and vegetable oils and the number of pages in the articles affilished from 2013 to 2020, belonging to the universities of the world countries. Among the authors, mainly Franco, J.M., Negm, N.A., in terms of the number of citations and covered articles, ranked after Prociak, A. with 7 citations, they had 5 citations. We know that before the development of vegetable oils, it is necessary to grow some kind of oilseed, which is related to the earth and the sciences of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. Between 2013 and 2023, a total of 379 pages of information on vegetable oils and modified oils were created and studied in scientific literature and Internet resources. We can see that the word plant oil occurs 505 times in 70 places and the word chemistry occurs 478 times in 67 places. The researched pages of the article, Books and other documents and related information are not only based on the resource base, but regardless of where it is located, we can read that the quality of the resource, the relevant keywords in the in-depth article, the quality of the collections is not compromised. The number of published articles on vegetable oil and modified oils showed the importance of developing this industry for the agriculture of the world countries.

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15

Kostešić, Ema, and Branka Andričić. "Heterogeneous catalytic transesterification of waste vegetable oil using modified natural zeolite." St open 3 (July 5, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.48188/so.3.6.

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Objectives: In the search of an economical process for bio-diesel synthesis, waste cooking oil was analyzed as a poten-tial feedstock. The influence of different concentrations and granulations of the zeolite catalyst on the yield and quality of the final product was also investigated.Methods: The pretreatment of waste oil was carried out using the simple processes of filtration and drying with CaCl2, after which its physicochemical properties were de-termined. Transesterification of waste oil with methanol was carried out using zeolite clinoptilolite as the catalyst. Its preparation included modification with sodium hydrox-ide, drying at 105°C and calcination at 300°C. As for the waste oil, the density, acid and peroxide number, moisture content, kinematic viscosity and flash point of the obtained biodiesels were determined by standardized methods. After the synthesis, the Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR) spectra of the obtained biodiesel and waste cooking oil were recorded and compared.Results: The process of transesterification with methanol was found to be suitable due to the high conversion of waste oil esters under relatively mild reaction conditions. Moreover, modified natural clinoptilolite proved to be a suitable catalyst for the process of biodiesel production. At each catalyst concentration and granulation, the biodiesel yield was satisfactory and its quality parameters met the prescribed standards. Conclusion: The basic characteristics of the biodiesel ob-tained from waste cooking oil enable its potential appli-cation. Moreover, the properties of clinoptilolite, such as concentration and particle size, can be adjusted for each transesterification process to attain high quality product. The performed experiment presents an example of the efficient linking of biofuel production and waste oil dis-posal processes.

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16

Lü, Bin, Jian Zhong Ma, Dang Ge Gao, and Jing Zhang. "Characterization and Properties of Organic Silicon Modified Vegetable Oil Fatliquor." Materials Science Forum 694 (July 2011): 738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.694.738.

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The vegetable oil fatliquor (VF) was prepared by rapeseed oil, 1, 2-ethylenediamine and acrylic acid. The synthesis of a silicon modified vegetable oil fatliquor (SVF) was carried out using VF and polyether silicon by stirring and ultrasonic treatment. VF and SVF were measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry(TGA) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. SVF was applied in leather fatliquoring process, compared with product XQ-F3. The results indicated that polycondensation between hydroxy of polyether silicon and carboxylic hydroxy of VF occurred, the performance of VF could be improved by polyether silicon. The emulsifying surface tension of SVF decreased to 17.0 N/m, compared with 18.2 N/m of VF.The application results showed that the physical mechanical properties of leather fatliquored by SVF was equivalent to the leather fatliquored by industrial XQ-F3 fatliquor.

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17

Szmatoła, Michał, Justyna Chrobak, Rafał Grabowski, Jolanta Iłowska, Julia Woch, Iwona Szwach, Izabela Semeniuk, et al. "Spectroscopic Methods in the Evaluation of Modified Vegetable Base Oils from Crambe abyssinica." Molecules 23, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 3243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123243.

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Raw vegetable oil from Crambe abyssinica was subjected to oxidative treatment to enhance its viscosity. The oxidation processes were carried out in the presence of N-hydroxyphthalimide with or without supercritical CO2 as a solvent. Four spectroscopic techniques (Raman, UV-VIS, FT-IR, NMR) were applied to assess the chemical changes taking place during the oxidation. Raman and NMR spectroscopy proved best in the assessment of the chemical transformations leading to increased viscosity of the modified vegetable oil.

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18

Gotlib, Elena M., Anh Nguyen, Tatiana V. Vdovina, Olga M. Rakova, and Alla G. Sokolova. "Study of biodegradability of the vegetable oil modified epoxy coatings." Vestnik MGSU, no. 12 (December 2019): 1572–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.12.1572-1583.

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АBSTRACT Introduction. For solving environment protection problems and reducing the volume of ‘polymer waste’, the study of biodegradability of polymer materials by means of their modification without impairing main performance is of practical importance. This is achievable by application of biodegradable natural additives. The radical solution is the development of polymer materials that are capable of retaining their performance throughout their service life only. Materials and methods. To modify compositions, APh-2 aminoalkylphenol-cured ED-20 epoxy diane resin was used. Liquid fraction of rubber tree oil (RTO) and Vietnam-produced soybean oil (SO) were used as the modifiers. Biodegradability of the materials was evaluated by Sturm’s method checking respirometric activity of soil in their presence. Resistance of the epoxy materials to microbiological putrefaction in soil was investigated by mass loss value. Thermal stability of the epoxy coatings was tested by simultaneous thermal analysis on Netzch-Gerätebau GmbH apparatus at the heating rate 10 °C/min when the temperature varying within the range of 25 °C to 600 °C. Water absorption was evaluated as per GOST 4650-2014 standard. Sol-gel analysis was implemented in boiling acetone in the Soxhlet apparatus. Abrasion hardness of epoxy materials was carried out on the IZV-1 vertical optical caliper. Hardness was checked by Barcol impressor. Frictional factor was determined by means of the CSM Instruments Tribometer automated friction machine. Results. Applying vegetable oils governs a significant growth of the abrasion resistance and enhancement of antifriction characteristics of epoxy materials. The vegetable oils exercise a plasticizing effect on epoxy compositions, accelerate processes of epoxy material biodegradation in soil and reduce their resistance to micromyces. Epoxy resin is characterized with high funginertness and its modification by the RTO results in enhancement of biodegradability when exposed to mouldy fungi. Conclusions. Applying the RTO as a modifier of the epoxy materials accelerates processes of their biodegradation in soil and decreases their resistance to micromyces. The higher biodegradation of vegetable oil-modified epoxy films takes place at complex exposure to bacteria and mycelian fungi as a part of soil microbiocenosis.

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19

Yildirim, Can, A. Tuncer Erciyes, and Yusuf Yagci. "Thermally curable benzoxazine-modified vegetable oil as a coating material." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research 10, no. 4 (February 21, 2013): 559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11998-013-9472-8.

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20

Leng, Bin Bin, Mei Zhu Chen, and Shao Peng Wu. "Effect of Waste Edible Vegetable Oil on High Temperature Properties of Different Aged Asphalts." Key Engineering Materials 599 (February 2014): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.599.135.

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Based on the asphalt rejuvenation theory and some related studies, waste cooking oil can be used for asphalt regeneration. The objective of this study is to investigate the high temperature properties of aged asphalt binder with waste edible vegetable oil. The materials used for this study included three sources of virgin asphalt (60-80 grad, 40-60 grad, SBS modified asphalt), three sources of aged asphalt (virgin asphalt aged by RTFOT and PAV), and waste edible vegetable oil with five percentages (3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0% of rejuvenating asphalt). The high temperature characteristics of these rejuvenated asphalts were tested including viscosity and rutting resistance factor (phase angle and complex modulus). The results indicated that three aged asphalt with an appropriate amount of waste edible vegetable oil can respectively achieve the demand of virgin asphalt in rutting resistance factor, phase angle and complex modulus. It means that waste edible vegetable oil could recover high temperature performance of aged asphalt to the level of original asphalt at a certain amount. Moreover, waste edible vegetable oil can slightly reduce the viscosity value of the aged asphalt and thus decrease the mixing and compaction temperature of the mixture.

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Starchevskyy, V. L., Yu M. Hrynchuk, P. A. Matcipura та V. V. Reutskyy. "Рhysical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete obtained from bitumen modified by epoxide of vegetable origin". Chemistry, Technology and Application of Substances 4, № 1 (1 червня 2021): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ctas2021.01.105.

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The properties of fine-grained asphalt concrete and its modified by bio based epoxy rape oil (BERO) form were studied. Rapeseed oil epoxide (ROE) obtained from renewable and ecological raw materials, rapeseed oil in a composition with initiators (hardeners) was used as a modifier. It was found that the introduction of BERO in the amount of 3 % of the mass. allows to increase indicators of limit of durability of asphalt concrete at compression at a temperature of 20 °C and 50 °C. The efficiency of BERO composition and its positive effect on physical and mechanical prop- erties of asphalt concrete is established.

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Boontawee, Hasleena, Charoen Nakason, Azizon Kaesaman, Anoma Thitithammawong, and Sopa Chewchanwuttiwong. "Application of Benzyl Ester of Modified Vegetable Oils as Rubber Processing Oils." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 1164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1164.

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Benzyl esters of fatty acids based on three types of vegetable oils (i.e., coconut, palm, and soybean oils) were in-house prepared. They were used as alternative rubber processing oil to replace conventional aromatic oil which has been banned by European community since December 2009. Fatty acids were first prepared by hydrolysis of vegetable oils and thereafter esterified with benzyl alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The reaction based on molar ratio of fatty acid:benzyl alcohol:sulfuric acid was set at 1.5:1.0:0.05 gave yield of benzyl esters higher than 80%. Rubber compounds containing different types of benzyl ester were prepared according to the standard formulation of ASTM 3184. It was found that the processing oil in the form of benzyl esters is possible to use instead of aromatic oil in rubber formulation. Various parameters and properties include mixing energy, Mooney viscosity, curing, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of rubber compounds and vulcanizates have been investigated.

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23

Rostron, Paul, and Sonia Kasshanna. "Novel Synthesis of Vegetable Oil Derived Corrosion Inhibitors." International Journal of Corrosion 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/851698.

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Two different naturally occurring vegetable oils, Cress seed oil, and Linseed oil were chemically modified via novel one pot synthesis to produce fatty acid derived amides. These were characterized by their ability to prevent corrosion of carbon steel in vigorously stirred, aerated seawater, one of the most corrosive naturally occurring environments. Corrosion inhibitor efficiencies of up to 99.6% or a corrosion rate reduction factor of 250 in this medium is reported. The one pot synthetic strategy means that the corrosion inhibitors can be made at very low cost.

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Nguyen Duy Anh, Nguyen Huu Van, and Tran Van Hien. "Study on synthesis of biodegradable polyurea grease using modified vegetable oil." Journal of Military Science and Technology, FEE (December 30, 2022): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.fee.2022.279-284.

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Lubricants have been applied in numerous industrial fields, as they help reduce friction and heat generated when operating machines and also protect metallic parts in corrosive environments. In some applications, especially in marine, these greases need to be biodegradable, or they get accumulated and can be harmful to aquatic life. To address this matter, modified vegetable oil was used instead of persistent mineral oil. Also, in submerged conditions, polyurea grease outperforms traditional lithium grease as the latter is more susceptible to water washout. So, in this paper, the polyurea thickener was synthesized in-situ in biodegradable modified vegetable oil by using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and amines as precursors. The fabricated grease chemical properties were determined by FTIR, and its tribological characteristics were studied by dropping point, penetration, and four-ball test. Results showed that polyurea grease has high operational temperature (dropping point at 278 oC), excellent pumpability (penetration 275 mm-1), and offers great wear resistance (wear load 233 kg).

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25

Sapawe, Norzahir, Samion Syahrullail, and Farizudin Muhammad. "Evaluation of Palm Olein as Shaft Lubricant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 819 (January 2016): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.819.479.

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The demand and usage of vegetable oil utilization in lubricants for many applications increased prompting by continued growing environmental concerns. Today, vegetable oil attracts attention as biodegradable alternates for synthetic esters because they are cheaper and can be obtained from sources that are renewable. The main objectives of this experiment were to measure the friction force at various speeds and to observe the surface roughness before and after experiment. In this experiment, RBD palm olein as represented vegetable oil has been tested by compare the result with fully synthetic oil and mineral-based oil by using modified pin-on-disc machine. Pure RBD palm olein, recorded only 7.4% of increment of maximum friction force compared to results for mineral-based oil. Observation based on surface roughness show that RBD palm olein works as effective as fully synthetic and mineral-based oil since only 14.6% increment of overall surface roughness for the whole shaft. Therefore, the performance of vegetable oil which in this experiment is RBD palm olein, can be improve by adding additive so increase it properties such as can withstand at high load, high flash point parameter, small wear scar diameter, less oxidation rate, and coefficient of friction.

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26

Jašek, Vojtěch, Jan Fučík, Veronika Melcova, Silvestr Figalla, Ludmila Mravcova, Štěpán Krobot, and Radek Přikryl. "Synthesis of Bio-Based Thermoset Mixture Composed of Methacrylated Rapeseed Oil and Methacrylated Methyl Lactate: One-Pot Synthesis Using Formed Methacrylic Acid as a Continual Reactant." Polymers 15, no. 8 (April 7, 2023): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081811.

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Methacrylated vegetable oils are promising bio-based polymerizable precursors for potential material application in several fields, such as coating technologies or 3D printing. The reactants’ availability for their production is an enormous advantage, but the modified oils also exhibit high apparent viscosity values and poor mechanical properties. This work focuses on a way to produce oil-based polymerizable material precursors in a mixture with a viscosity modifier in a one-batch process. The required methacrylic acid for the modification of epoxidized vegetable oils can be obtained as a secondary product of the methacrylation of methyl lactate forming a polymerizable monomer along with the acid. This reaction results in a yield of over 98% of methacrylic acid. Epoxidized vegetable oil can be added into the same batch using acid for oil modification which results in the one-pot mixture of both methacrylated oil and methyl lactate. The structural verifications of products were provided via FT-IR, 1H NMR, and volumetric methods. This two-step reaction process produces a thermoset mixture with a lower apparent viscosity of 142.6 mPa·s in comparison with methacrylated oil exhibiting a value of 1790.2 mPa·s. Other physical-chemical properties of the resin mixture such as storage modulus (E′ = 1260 MPa), glass transition temperature (Tg = 50.0 °C), or polymerization activation energy (17.3 kJ/mol) are enhanced in comparison with the methacrylated vegetable oil. The synthesized one-pot mixture does not require additional methacrylic acid due to the use of the one formed in the first step of the reaction, while the eventual thermoset mixture exhibits enhanced material properties compared to the methacrylated vegetable oil itself. Precursors synthesized in this work may find their purpose in the field of coating technologies, since these applications require detailed viscosity modifications.

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27

Shashidhara, Y. M., and S. R. Jayaram. "Experimental Determination of Cutting Power for Turning and Material Removal Rate for Drilling of AA 6061-T6 Using Vegetable Oils as Cutting Fluid." Advances in Tribology 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/362931.

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The raw and modified versions of two nonedible vegetable oils, Pongam (Pogammia pinnata) and Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), and a commercially available branded mineral oil are used as straight cutting fluids for turning AA 6061 to assess cutting forces. Minimum quantity lubrication is utilized for the supply of cutting fluids. Cutting and thrust forces are measured. Cutting power is determined for various cutting speeds, depths of cut, and feed rates. Also, drilling is performed on the material to understand the material removal rate (MRR) under these oils. The performances of vegetable oils are compared to mineral oil. A noticeable reduction in cutting forces is observed under the Jatropha family of oils compared to mineral oil. Further, better material removal rate is seen under both the vegetable oils and their versions compared to under petroleum oil for the range of thrust forces.

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28

Wang, Quan Yi, Yan Wang, Shun Yao, and Hang Song. "Biodegradable Lubricant from Idesia polycarpa Maxim. var. vestita Diels Oil." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.506.

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The chemical modified Idesia polycarpa Maxim. var. vestita Diels (IPMVVD) oil as a biodegradable lubricant was described in the paper. IPMVVD oil was modified by epoxidation and reaction of ring opening to resolve poor oxidative stability and low-temperature fluidity when vegetable oils as lubricants directly. The effects of the parameters in the process were studied, and then the product was evaluated. The results showed that the modified IPMVVD oil had higher viscosity index and superior oxidative stability comparing with unmodified oil; its mixtures with Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) offered a wide range of kinematic viscosities and lower pour point (-22°C), displayed preferable low temperature performance.

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29

Sun, Han Zhou, Xun Jun Du, Jin Hua Zhou, Lian Wu Xie, Yu Xiong Wu, Xiao Feng Tan, and Huai Yun Zhang. "Modification of Polyurethane by Tung Oil Anhydride-Ester Polyol." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.191.

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Polyurethane (PU), one of the six main categories of synthetic resins, has been used extensively in industry all over the world. Tung oil anhydride-ester polyol (TOAEP), prepared from the China special vegetable oil, Tung oil, was introduced into PU structure. The mechanical property, heat-resistance and morphological structure of the modified PU were studied. Experimental results showed that the hardness and tensile strength of the modified PU increases as the dose of TOAEP increasing while the elongation at break decreases, and the heat-resistance has been improved after modification. The modified PU’s hard segment phase is compatible with the soft segment phase.

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30

Samarth, Nikesh B., and Prakash A. Mahanwar. "Modified Vegetable Oil Based Additives as a Future Polymeric Material—Review." Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials 05, no. 01 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojopm.2015.51001.

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31

Mahendran, Arunjunai Raj, Günter Wuzella, Nicolai Aust, Andreas Kandelbauer, and Uwe Müller. "Photocrosslinkable modified vegetable oil based resin for wood surface coating application." Progress in Organic Coatings 74, no. 4 (August 2012): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2011.09.027.

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32

KOZDRACH, Rafał. "THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF LUBRICATING GREASES BASED ON RENEWABLE OILS." Tribologia 266, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7565.

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The paper discusses the influence of vegetable oil basis on lubricating properties of their selected compositions. Four vegetable oils were used for production of lubricating greases: rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, and castor, all thickened with modified silica of Aerosil® type. The tribological properties of lubricating greases based on vegetable oils were investigated. On their basis, the most beneficial compositions were selected. The tribological properties of greases were estimated via measurements of limiting load of wear (Goz/40), welding load (Pz), scuffing load (Pt), limiting load of scuffing (Poz), and the limiting pressure of seizure (Poz). Based on the obtained results, it may be concluded that the best antiwear properties were shown by the lubricating compositions based on rapeseed oil, whereas the best antiscuffing properties have compositions using castor oil as a disperse phase.

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33

Firdausi, Ketut Sofjan, I. Afiefah, Heri Sugito, and Much Azam. "Mapping Various Cooking Oil using Fluorescence Polarization." Journal of Physics and Its Applications 1, no. 1 (December 14, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpa.v1i1.3913.

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In this report we have succeeded to map various cooking oils using change of fluorescence polarization. Various cooking oils consisted of several vegetables oils and animal oils (chicken oil and lard) were used in the experiment, and some oils were measured in two different times. The change of polarization angle &tetha; was measured as the difference between linear polarized green pointer laser as incoming light and fluorescence light using a pair of polarizers. The direct measurement of fluorescence polarization gives a new unique result of critical polarizer’s angle φc that can group vegetable cooking oils into group 1 (at φc = 10o for VCO, olive, and soybean), group 2 (at φc = 20o for palm, corn and rice bran), group 3 (at φc = 30o for sunflower and canola), and also animals cooking oils into group 4 (at φc = 20o for chicken oil), and group 5 (at φc = 40o for lard). Mostly cooking oils can be distinguished using modified maps. The large difference φc and &tetha; of lard from vegetable oils provides an advantage to develop for testing halal oil due to lard contamination. The capability of this method has benefits, at least, as a complement and simple method in comparison to other expensive sophisticated instruments such as fluorescence spectroscopy or GCMS methods with their derivation’s instruments.

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34

Kaneko, Naoya, and Wen S. Chern. "Willingness to Pay for Genetically Modified Oil, Cornflakes, and Salmon: Evidence from a U.S. Telephone Survey." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 37, no. 3 (December 2005): 701–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800027188.

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This paper reports results from a U.S. national telephone survey on genetically modified foods (vegetable oil, cornflakes, and salmon). The survey featured a contingent valuation in which respondents chose between the GM and non-GM alternatives with an option of indifference. The binomial and multinomial logit models yielded estimated willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid the GM alternatives. Respondents were willing to pay 20.9%, 14.8%, 28.4%, and 29.7% of the base prices to avoid GM vegetable oil, GM cornflakes, GM-fed salmon, and GM salmon, respectively. The inclusion of indifference option could increase the sample size and moderate the mean WTP.

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35

Chrobak, Justyna, Jolanta Iłowska, Rafał Grabowski, Michał Szmatoła, Hanna Studnik, Kamil Korasiak, and Jolanta Drabik. "The use of modified vegetable oil from Crambe abyssinica as a lubricant base for the food industry." Environmental Protection and Natural Resources 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2020-0002.

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Abstract Lubricants that are based on vegetable oils and other renewable resources are the subject of many research studies and can be used in various applications, especially in the food industry, which is characterized by the high quality requirements related to the necessity to develop biodegradable lubricants that are environmentally friendly and do not contain harmful components and are safe to use for people. The objective of the described research was to obtain a base oil with a certain viscosity, which is higher than the viscosity of the initial vegetable oil, and certain lubricating properties. The initial oil derived from Crambe abyssinica was subjected to oxidation in the presence of N-hydroxyphthalimide with or without supercritical CO2 as a solvent. As a final result of this study, base oils meeting the viscosity requirements and having high biodegradability were obtained. The Raman spectra of the modified vegetable oils were evaluated and they were used for the initial assessment of the composition and the evaluation of the presence of harmful chemical compounds.

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36

Chen, Xiao Qi, Chen Bo Wu, Zhao Jun Xue, Yao Zong Geng, and Ji Jun Xiao. "Preparation and Characterization of Aqueous Oil-Modified Polyurethane." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1665.

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Aqueous oil-modified polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) were synthesized using alcoholysis derivatives of vegetable oil, hydroxyl-terminated polyether, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dimethylolbutyric acid (DMBA). Alcoholysis was performed in order to insert alcoholysis derivatives, which were used as the polyol composition. The structures of alcoholysis derivatives, polyurethane dispersions and their dry films were confirmed by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR), respectively. The effect of alcoholysis derivatives on the properties of PUD films was investigated. The results show that tack-free time and gloss of PUD films would change with the amount of alcoholysis derivatives. When compared to aqueous polyurethane dispersions, aqueous oil-modified PUDs have shorter tack-free time, higher gloss and tensile strength and lower elongation at broken.

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37

Dmitrenkov, Aleksandr, Alexander Vostrikov, Nadezhda Nikulina, Aleksandr Borovskoy, and Ekaterina Nedzel'skaya. "RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF BIRCH WOOD IMPREGNATION WITH THE USED VEGETABLE OIL." Forestry Engineering Journal 10, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2020.2/16.

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Wood is widely used in various industries. However, the inherent ability of natural wood to absorb water and other disadvantages require its modification with various compositions. In the work, the technology of impregnation of birch wood with processed vegetable oil, which remains after cooking, has been studied. Impregnated composition was introduced into pre-prepared wood using the “hot-cold baths” method and subsequent heat treatment of wood impregnated with used sunflower oil. The influence of the main quantitative parameters of the impregnation process on the performance of wood specimens have been made using the design of the experiment according to the Greek-Latin square pattern of the fourth order. The influence of the temperature of the impregnating oil, the time of impregnation, temperature and the duration of the heat treatment on the properties of modified wood has been studied. The properties of birch wood has been evaluated by its water absorption, as well as swelling of specimens in the radial and tangential directions. The regression equations have been obtained. They describe the influence of the main parameters of the impregnatio process with processed sunflower oil on the properties of modified wood. The best conditions for introducing processed sunflower oil into wood have been established. The proposed impregnating composition improves decorative properties of wood. It is odorless and environmentally friendly. It has been shown that treating birch wood with processed vegetable oil makes it possible to obtain modified wood with increased resistance to water

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38

Yuliati, Frita, Jennifer Hong, Keshia S. Indriadi, Francesco Picchioni, and Ranjita K. Bose. "Thermally Reversible Polymeric Networks from Vegetable Oils." Polymers 12, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 1708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081708.

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Low cross-link density thermally reversible networks were successfully synthesized from jatropha and sunflower oils. The oils were epoxidized and subsequently reacted with furfurylamine to attach furan groups onto the triglycerides, preferably at the epoxide sites rather than at the ester ones. Under the same reaction conditions, the modified jatropha oil retained the triglyceride structure more efficiently than its sunflower-based counterpart, i.e., the ester aminolysis reaction was less relevant for the jatropha oil. These furan-modified oils were then reacted with mixtures of aliphatic and aromatic bismaleimides, viz. 1,12-bismaleimido dodecane and 1,1′-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bismaleimide, resulting in a series of polymers with Tg ranging between 3.6 and 19.8 °C. Changes in the chemical structure and mechanical properties during recurrent thermal cycles suggested that the Diels–Alder and retro-Diels–Alder reactions occurred. However, the reversibility was reduced over the thermal cycles due to several possible causes. There are indications that the maleimide groups were homopolymerized and the Diels–Alder adducts were aromatized, leading to irreversibly cross-linked polymers. Two of the polymers were successfully applied as adhesives without modifications. This result demonstrates one of the potential applications of these polymers.

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39

Hossain, M., S. M. A. Sujan, and M. S. Jamal. "Antioxidant Effect on Oxidation Stability of Blend Fish Oil Biodiesel with Vegetable Oil Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Fuel." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 2, no. 2 (June 17, 2013): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2.2.75-80.

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Two different phenolic synthetic antioxidants were used to improve the oxidation stability of fish oil biodiesel blends with vegetable oil biodiesel and petroleum diesel. Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) most effective for improvement of the oxidation stability of petro diesel, whereas tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) showed good performance in fish oil biodiesel. Fish oil/Rapeseed oil biodiesel mixed showed some acceptable results in higher concentration ofantioxidants. TBHQ showed better oxidation stability than BHT in B100 composition. In fish oil biodiesel/diesel mixed fuel, BHT was more effective antioxidant than TBHQ to increase oxidationstability because BHT is more soluble than TBHQ. The stability behavior of biodiesel/diesel blends with the employment of the modified Rancimat method (EN 15751). The performance ofantioxidants was evaluated for treating fish oil biodiesel/Rapeseed oil biodiesel for B100, and blends with two type diesel fuel (deep sulfurization diesel and automotive ultra-low sulfur or zero sulfur diesels). The examined blends were in proportions of 5, 10, 15, and 20% by volume of fish oilbiodiesel.

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40

TRZOS, Magdalena, Jolanta DRABIK, Jolanta IŁOWSKA, and Rafał GRABOWSKI. "DESIGN OF CONDITIONS FOR THE MODIFICATION OF OIL IN THE PROCESS OF DESIGNING ECOLOGICAL LUBRICANTS." Tribologia 278, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.6986.

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The paper presents results of research concerning the oil bases designs that are dedicated to application in lubricants for the food industry. The method of vegetable oil modification was proposed that use supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent. This resulted in a milder course of oil oxidation. In order to minimize the number of necessary experiments, the Taguchi approach to experiments planning was used. As part of the research, the properties of vegetable oils, inedible (Crambe Abyssinica oil) one and edible (Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) oil) after modification, were compared. The optimal, due to the adopted criteria, values of oil modification process parameters were determined for each of the oils. Analyses and comparisons of processes for obtaining an oil base suitable for the planned use in ecological lubricants have been made. Under optimized conditions, the modified oils obtained a needed appropriate viscosity class.

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41

Du, Bin, Jian Li, Feipeng Wang, Wei Yao, and Shuhan Yao. "Influence of Monodisperse Fe3O4Nanoparticle Size on Electrical Properties of Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluids." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/560352.

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Insulating oil modified by nanoparticles (often called nanofluids) has recently drawn considerable attention, especially concerning the improvement of electrical breakdown and thermal conductivity of the nanofluids. In this paper, three sized monodisperse Fe3O4nanoparticles were prepared and subsequently dispersed into insulating vegetable oil to achieve nanofluids. The dispersion stability of nanoparticles in nanofluids was examined by natural sedimentation and zeta potential measurement. The electrical breakdown strength, space charge distribution, and several dielectric characteristics, for example, permittivity, dielectric loss, and volume resistivity of these nanofluids, were comparatively investigated. Experimental results show that the monodisperse Fe3O4nanoparticles not only enhance the dielectric strength but also uniform the electric field of the nanofluids. The depth of electrical potential well of insulating vegetable oils and nanofluids were analyzed to clarify the influence of nanoparticles on electron trapping and on insulation improvement of the vegetable oil.

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42

Zhang, Ning, Ying Hui Han, Xue Yang, Shuo Zhang, and Song Wei. "Analytical Investigation on the Aging Process of Vegetable Insulating Oil." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.608.

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Development and improvement of environment-friendly insulating oil is one of the hot topics in electric industry and academic field. Vegetable insulating oil (VIO) has the higher ignition temperature and higher flash point .The biodegradation rate of VIO is also higher, while its electrical properties are equal to mineral insulating oil. A lot of technologies, including the addition antioxidants, hydrogenation, microwave, and other related technologies, can enhance the aging resistance and improve the practicability of the VIO. In this paper, the aging mechanism of VIO was analyzed and the related modified measures were summarized, which lays the foundation for further studies.

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43

Davis, Barbara D., Walter (Bud) Hunt, Gary Yoshioka, and Elisabeth Holler. "Response Plans for Animal Fat and Vegetable Oil Facilities." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-257.

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ABSTRACT The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) requires regulations for owners or operators of certain facilities to prepare and implement response plans. In 1994, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the facility response plan (FRP) regulation for nontransportation-related facilities with oil discharges that could cause substantial harm to the environment. This regulation has been modified for facilities that handle, store, or transport animal fats and vegetable oils. EPA has found that petroleum oils and animal fats and vegetable oils share common properties and produce similar harmful environmental effects. The similarities and differences between these classes of oils were considered in development of the new rule. In comparison to U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)-regulated facilities, EPA-regulated facilities usually have far greater worst case discharges (often one or two orders of magnitude larger), a larger number of oil transfers, and greater diversity of structures and processes, which can lead to oil discharges in many ways over a range of volumes. EPA has promulgated a new methodology for calculating planning volumes for a worst case discharge of animal fats and vegetable oils. The methodology is similar to that used in the rule for petroleum oils, but the factors in the two new tables are more appropriate for estimating on-water and onshore recovery resource needs for animal fats and vegetable oils. This paper examines research findings on the properties and environmental fate of animal fats and vegetable oils and describes new response planning requirements for animal fat and vegetable oil facilities.

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44

Araujo, Maria Flávia Rodrigues Starling, Vânya Márcia Duarte Pasa, and Camila Nunes Costa Corgozinho. "Simultaneous optimization on biolubricants obtained through a quaternary mixture of vegetable oils: application of the desirability function." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 8, no. 2 (April 5, 2022): 13798–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl8iss2pp13798-01e.

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To reduce the environmental impacts and the costs of the production of biolubricant, this work proposes the use of vegetable oil mixtures that have not been chemically modified. Formulations of biolubricants were proposed with the use of jatropha curcas, castor, macauba kernel, and macauba pulp oils since these have potential physical-chemical properties to generate a high-performance biolubricant. A simplex centroid quaternary mixture design was used with the desirability function for the simultaneous improvement of the viscosity index and lubricity in the blends. Good results for these properties were obtained for some blends, especially that with macauba pulp oil, which presented comparable or superior performance to those for vegetable oils chemically modified. Macauba has been pointed out as a new feedstock for biodiesel, green diesel, and sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), and its use as eco-lubricant can aggregate the value of this new palm oil, promoting social, economic, and ambient benefits.

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45

Richard, Nadège, Sadasivam Kaushik, Laurence Larroquet, Stéphane Panserat, and Geneviève Corraze. "Replacing dietary fish oil by vegetable oils has little effect on lipogenesis, lipid transport and tissue lipid uptake in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." British Journal of Nutrition 96, no. 2 (August 2006): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061821.

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In order to investigate the effects of dietary lipid sources on mechanisms involved in lipid deposition, two groups of rainbow trout were fed from first-feeding to the commercial size of 1kg (for 62 weeks) with two diets differing only by lipid source: 100% fish oil or 100% blend of vegetable oils (55% rapeseed oil, 30% palm oil, 15% linseed oil). The activities and levels of gene expression of lipogenic enzymes (fatty acid synthetase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme) in liver and of lipoprotein lipase in perivisceral adipose tissue, white muscle and liver were determined. Transport of lipid was studied by determining lipid composition of plasma and lipoprotein classes. We also examined the clearance of LDL by assaying the level of LDL receptor gene expression in several tissues. Total replacement of dietary fish oil by the blend of vegetable oils did not affect growth of rainbow trout and did not modify muscle lipid content. Hepatic lipogenesis and lipid uptake in perivisceral adipose tissue, white muscle and liver were also not modified by dietary treatments. Diets containing the blend of vegetable oils induced a decrease in plasma cholesterol and LDL. In trout fed the vegetable oils diet, expression of LDL receptor gene in the liver was down-regulated.

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46

Rajwani, S., and P. K. S. Yadav. "Synthesis of Biolubricant via Chemical Modification from Vegetable Oil Blend using Heterogeneous Catalyst." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 9 (2021): 2021–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23263.

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Анотація:

Present study reports the synthesis of biolubricant synthesis from the vegetable oil blend [dehydrated castor oil (DCO) and waste ricebran oil (WRBO)] using heterogeneous catalyst and its physico-chemical properties. The biolubricant was synthesized from blend of vegetable oils using two chemical modification processes i.e. synthesizing methyl esters of blend oil using sodium methoxide as catalyst and then epoxidation of synthesized methyl esters using Amberlite IR-120 strongly acidic ion-exchange resin. The biolubricant sample was examined by 1H & 13C NMR and FT-IR analysis. Viscosity index, rheological properties, thermal stability and pour point values of chemical and structurally modified blend oil (i.e. biolubricant) (Tonset = 215 ºC, iodine value (IV) = 197.5, pour point (PP) = -4.5 ºC) showed notable improvement than that from blend oil methyl esters (Tonset = 181 ºC, iodine value (IV) = 167.65, pour point (PP) = -9.5 ºC). Thus, a blend of non-edible oil (dehydrated castor oil) and waste cooking oil (WRBO) is likely to be used potentially as biolubricant basestock for hydraulic applications.

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47

Jayaraman, Sundaramurthy, Srinivasan Madhavi, and Vanchiappan Aravindan. "High energy Li-ion capacitor and battery using graphitic carbon spheres as an insertion host from cooking oil." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 7 (2018): 3242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta09905c.

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We report a facile low-temperature synthesis of graphitic carbons with a spherically shaped morphology (CO-CS) and high purity by the modified catalytic chemical vapour deposition using vegetable cooking oil as a carbon source.

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48

Skláršová, B., P. Šimko, P. Šimon, and E. Belajová. "Characterisation of physicochemical interactions between benzo(a)pyrene contained in vegetable oil and polyethylene terephtalate." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 22, SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V (January 1, 2004): S276—S279. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10680-cjfs.

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Rapeseed oil was spiked with benzo(a)pyrene [BaP] solution at the level of 29.4 μg/kg, filled into polyethylene terephtalate [PET] cylindrical shape receptacles and the BaP concentrations were followed for during 97 h by HPLC. During this time, the BaP concentrations decreased to 22.9 μg/kg due to an interaction of BaP with PET. Using a modified kinetic equation, the diffusion coefficient for BaP in the oil was determined. Calculation of the area occupied by a BaP molecule on PET surface suggests that either the multilayer adsorption or the diffusion of BaP into PET bulk came into account as the decisive factors bringing about the decrease of BaP concentrations in the oil.

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49

Xia, Lei, Dongwei Cao, and Hongliang Zhang. "Rheological and Aging Properties of Vegetable Oil-Based Polyurethane (V-PU) Modified Asphalt." Polymers 15, no. 9 (April 30, 2023): 2158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092158.

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To study the rheological and aging properties of vegetable oil–based polyurethane (V-PU)–modified asphalt, V-PU terminated with an –NCO group was synthesized from renewable castor oil, and liquefied MDI-100LL and 10–40 wt% V-PU modified asphalts were prepared. Temperature classification, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), and linear amplitude scanning (LAS) tests were carried out. The results showed that the modulus, the creep recovery rate (R), and the yield stress and yield strain of the V-PU modified asphalts significantly increased in the order: 0 wt% < 10 wt% < 20 wt% < 40 wt% < 30 wt%, while the phase angle and the unrecoverable creep compliance (Jnr) changed in the opposite order, and the high temperature grade of 30 wt% V-PU modified asphalt was 4 grades higher than that of the base asphalt, which indicated that the addition of V-PU enhanced the fatigue, permanent deformation, and recovery deformation resistance. The 30 wt% sample-exhibited phase inversion had the best performance. Comprehensive FTIR, GPC, and fluorescence microscopy analyses showed that the molecular weight significantly increased and the V-PU molecules agglomerated after aging. The excess–NCO groups of V-PU prepolymer react with water in the air and the active hydrogen in the asphalt system and finally form a cross-linked three-dimensional network structure with the asphalt to improve performance. The mechanism of intramolecular cementation reaction and the aging process of V-PU-modified asphalt was creatively derived.

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Ho, Yee Heng, Anupreetha Parthiban, Min Chyong Thian, Zhen Hong Ban, and Parthiban Siwayanan. "Acrylated Biopolymers Derived via Epoxidation and Subsequent Acrylation of Vegetable Oils." International Journal of Polymer Science 2022 (March 10, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6210128.

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Chemically modified vegetable oils have become commercially attractive nowadays because they can be utilized as specialized components for the production of bioplasticizers and biopolymers due to their characteristics as being inexpensive, nontoxic, biodegradable, and renewable products. Due to the presence of unsaturation sites in the vegetable oils, they can be chemically modified and transformed into polymeric monomers such as acrylated epoxidized vegetable oils through well-known processes like epoxidation and acrylation processes. Acrylated epoxidized vegetable oil is a biopolymer that has a multitude of applications and is used mainly as a coating material for plastic, paper, and wood. There is an enormous demand for this biopolymer, and the market growth prospects are huge in some regions of the world. However, there are some challenges in the synthesis of acrylated epoxidized vegetable oils in achieving the performance of similar acrylated polymer derived from petroleum sources. In this paper, the chemical structure, properties, and chemical modifications of different types of vegetable oils were reviewed where the emphasis was given on epoxidation and its subsequent acrylation processes. This paper also highlights four types of epoxidation and their subsequent acrylation processes involving five different vegetable oils.

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