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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

Оновлено: 7 липня 2024

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1

Watson, Janet C. E., and Jack Wilson. "Gesture in Modern South Arabian languages." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, no. 1-2 (2017): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901006.

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Until fairly recently most linguistic fieldwork relied on written records of spoken data or audio-only recordings. The recent increase in research focusing on audio-visual data, with emphasis on the co-expressiveness of speech and gesture, has led to a greater understanding of the relationship between language, gesture and thought. In this paper, we discuss gesture and what it illuminates linguistically in two Modern South Arabian Languages: Mehri and Śḥerɛ̄t.

2

Testen, David. "Modern South Arabian ‘nine’." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 61, no. 2 (June 1998): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00013847.

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There can be little doubt that the stem of the Common Semitic cardinal numeral ‘nine’ is to be reconstructed as *tiš'-.Among the Modern South Arabian languages, however, we find a set of forms for this numeral which, while clearly reminiscent of those of the remaining Semitic languages, are remarkable for (a) the absence of the initial *ti- and (b) the presence of the sibilant s rather than the expected *š (Johnstone, 1975:23).

3

Jahdhami, Said Al. "Lexical Resemblance among Modern South Arabian Languages in Oman." International Journal of Linguistics 11, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v11i1.14433.

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Modern South Arabian (MSA) languages make one central group of three distinct language groups that comprise minority languages in Oman. Contrary to their counterparts spoken in the north of Oman, MSA languages are spoken in the southern part of the country with some spoken in neighboring Yemen. Due to both geographical and linguistic proximity among these languages, they are often viewed even by some of their speakers as dialects of one another rather than languages of their own. Accordingly, the improper term 'dialects' is often used to refer to these languages in reference to other languages within the group. Chiefly based on common lexical items, this view, however, is unsubstantiated on research basis. This paper, hence, is an attempt to vindicate such view by measuring the extent of lexical resemblance among these languages using the Swadesh's one hundred word list as its framework. To this effect, speakers were asked to report word recognition of lexical items under investigation as well as mutual intelligibility to sentences in which recognized lexical items were used. Findings show that although there is a huge lexical resemblance among these languages exhibited by the fact that speakers could recognize numerous words from these languages, native speakers reported minimal mutual intelligibility to these languages.

4

Kogan, Leonid. "The broken plural in Soqotri." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 83, no. 1 (February 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x19001137.

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AbstractThe article investigates the broken pural in the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri (island of Soqotra, Gulf of Aden, Yemen). It is based on extensive field research and rich collections of lexical evidence. Primarily synchronic in its approach, the article pays attention to historical problems of Modern South Arabian and Semitic phonology and morphology whenever appropriate.

5

Lonnet, Antoine. "Modern South Arabian ikōtəb is not necessarily iparras or yənaggər". Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, № 1-2 (2017): 265–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901015.

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Modern South Arabian (MSA) imperfect ikōtəb is superficially analogous to Akkadian imperfect iparras and Ethiopic imperfect yənaggər, as opposed to all the other Semitic languages’ imperfects, where the first and second radical consonants are adjacent, e.g. Arabic yaqtulu. On the basis of this partial resemblance, a proto-Semitic imperfect *yaqattal was carelessly invented without seriously exploring other explanations. It flourished so well that scholars yielded to the temptation of seeing it in all the branches of Semitic. As far as MSA is concerned, David Cohen developed several times the hypothesis of a phonetic derivation (*yvktubu > ikōtəb), that also accounts for most of the other peculiarities of the MSA verb. The present paper, after presenting some aspects of this historical situation, aims at supporting Cohen’s hypothesis, at tackling Gideon Goldenberg’s objections to it, and at adding new arguments against an MSA *yaqattal.

6

Hayward, K. M., R. J. Hayward, and Sālim Bakhīt Al-Tabūki. "Vowels in Jibbāli Verbs." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 51, no. 2 (June 1988): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00114557.

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Considering the unique position of the Modern South Arabian languages within Semitic it is surprising how little has been published concerning them. A case in point is the Jibbāli language of Dhofar, whose extreme phonetic and phonological complexity should arouse the interest of the general linguist as well as of the Semitic specialist. This becomes clear in even a brief perusal of the most notable pioneer study of the language, T. M. Johnstone's Jibbali lexicon.

7

Rubin, Aaron. "Genesis 49:4 in Light of Arabic and Modern South Arabian." Vetus Testamentum 59, no. 3 (2009): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853309x444972.

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AbstractThe rare word pahaz 'wily, devious' in Genesis 49:4 may have been chosen to describe Reuben in order to allow a play on words. Modern South Arabian and Arabic cognates to this root carry a sexual meaning, and such a meaning fits the context of this biblical passage.

8

Castagna, Giuliano. "An Analysis of the Modern South Arabian Languages as ‘Islamic Languages’." Eurasian Studies 18, no. 1 (September 23, 2020): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685623-12340085.

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Abstract The Modern South Arabian languages (MSAL) are seldom mentioned in Islamic studies, as they never served as a literary vehicle. They began to be written only very recently, mainly in text messages, and their use is confined to the domestic environment and oral poetry. Despite this, the MSAL fall neatly within Bausani’s concept of “lingua islamica”: firstly, they have been influenced by an Arabic superstratum since time immemorial, which left numerous traces in their lexis and, to a lesser extent, in other linguistic domains. Secondly, their speakers embraced Islam in the course of a slow but steady process, which began with the wars of apostasy (632-33 CE) and was still ongoing in mid-20th century. Hence, the Islamic culture, conveyed by their Arabic-speaking neighbours, whom they felt as more prestigious, exerted an enormous pressure on the cultural setting of MSAL speakers. Additionally, and in contrast with other Islamic languages, virtually every speaker of a MSAL is proficient in Arabic, and has been so for at least five centuries. In light of the above-mentioned facts, this study describes the extent to which the MSAL can be considered Islamic languages, by looking at their phonetics, morphology, syntax and lexis through the lens of Bausani’s framework. The conclusions show that the MSAL retain remarkably resilient native elements which co-exist with likewise strong Arabic/Islamic elements in a culturally and linguistically functional system.

9

Morris, Miranda J. "Some thoughts on studying the endangered Modern South Arabian Languages." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, no. 1-2 (2017): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901011.

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A brief history of the author’s research on the Modern South Arabian languages (MSAL) in Oman and Yemen is given. Using Baṭḥari, the dangers of eliciting speech forms in isolation rather than recording continuous speech are illustrated. The value of comparing material from other languages of the study area, including Arabic dialects, is demonstrated. Lexis impoverishment is illustrated by discussing the many terms that were formerly used for ‘home’ in the MSAL. A discussion of possible social / cultural reasons for the decline of the most endangered MSAL follows, and the question of whether monolingualism was ever a reality for MSAL speakers is addressed. Examples of specialised vocabulary are given, Baṭḥari fishing terms, which illustrate the technical expertise necessary for the correct interpretation of texts, and how quickly this can be lost. A brief look at how MSAL speakers describe those who speak their languages imperfectly concludes the article.

10

Al Kathiri, Amir Azad Adli, та Julien Dufour. "The Morphology of the Basic Verbal Stems in Eastern Jibbali/Śħrḗt". Journal of Semitic Studies 65, № 1 (2020): 171–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgz035.

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Abstract This paper is a presentation of the verbal morphology of the basic stems (Ga and Gb morphological classes) in a dialect of Jibbali/Śħrḗt (Modern South Arabian sub-family, Semitic family) spoken in Eastern Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman). It aims, as far as possible, at an exhaustive description of the existing verbal types and its core is a collection of paradigms obtained through elicitation. Focus is given to the system of phonologically-triggered allomorphy that characterizes the Jibbali/Śħrḗt (and Modern South Arabian) verbal morphology, whereby to a given inflectional cell correspond several morphological patterns the choice between which is determined by the characteristics of the root. Surface phonological processes necessary to an apprehension of verbal forms are also summarized.

11

Rubin, Aaron D. "Hulton's Jibbali word-list from 1836." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 77, no. 3 (October 2014): 467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x14000548.

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AbstractIn 1836, a British naval surgeon named J.G. Hulton collected lexical data on the Jibbali language spoken on the Omani island of Al-Ḥallaniya (Khuriya Muriya). This is the earliest Jibbali data known to have been collected by a European, and remains today the only published data on the dialect of that island. Wolf Leslau analysed this data (BSOASXII, 1947, pp. 5–19) but Hulton's valuable material can now be reconsidered thanks to recent advances in our understanding of Jibbali and the other Modern South Arabian languages.

12

Al-Azraqi, Munira. "The Personal Pronouns of The Mehri Language as Spoken in Saudi Arabia." مجلة جامعة الشارقة للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية 14, no. 2 (August 22, 2022): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36394/jhss/14/2/16.

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Mehri is one of six Modern South Arabian languages spoken in southern Arabia. These languages have been noted for their retention of Semitic phonological and grammatical features that have disappeared from other Semitic languages. Mehri is spoken in Oman, Yemen, in parts of southern and eastern Saudi Arabia, and in some of Gulf States. Mehri is classified by UNESCO as “definitely endangered”. Previous studies of Omani and Yemeni Mehri exist, but there have been no studies on Mehri that are used in Saudi Arabia. Morphologically, the dialect groups of Mehri differ in that eastern Yemeni Mehri, also known as Mahriyōt, distinguishes gender in the second person singular independent pronouns, whereas Omani Mehri, Mehreyyet, and western Yemeni Mehri do not. However, Mahriyōt and Mehreyyet differ from western Yemeni Mehri in that they exhibit dual pronouns and dual verb inflections. This study examines number/gender marking in the dependent and independent pronouns of the Mehri spoken in Dammam in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Twelve hours of recordings were made during interviewing eleven Mehri speakers (seven males and 4 females) who are living in Dammam. Some of the informants were born in Dammam and others had moved there in different years.

13

Bulakh, M., L. Kogan, A. Issa, I. Gumaan, and M. Mohammed. "The causative stem in Soqotri." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 12, no. 2 (November 4, 2020): 260–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-01202003.

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Abstract Soqotri is an understudied Semitic language belonging to the Modern South Arabian branch and spoken by the approximately 100,000 inhabitants of the island of Soqotra. The present contribution offers an exhaustive description of the so-called causative stem in Soqotri (a cognate of the Arabic stem IV) based on the analysis of the data in the two recently published volumes of the Soqotri oral literature as well as the fieldwork notes of the authors.

14

Bulakh, M., L. Kogan, A. Issa, I. Gumaan, and M. Mohammed. "The Causative Stem in Soqotri." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 13, no. 2 (November 29, 2021): 239–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-01302002.

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Abstract Soqotri is an understudied Semitic language belonging to the Modern South Arabian branch and spoken by the approximately 100,000 inhabitants of the island of Soqotra. The present contribution offers a list of verbs belonging to the so-called causative stem in Soqotri (a cognate of the Arabic stem IV), based on the analysis of the data in the two recently published volumes of the Soqotri oral literature as well as the fieldwork notes of the authors.

15

Kogan, Leonid. "Soqotrano-Biblica." Vetus Testamentum 70, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 245–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685330-12341392.

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Abstract The article investigates the thematic and stylistic parallelism between Old Testament books (primarily, but not exclusively, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Songs) and the oral poetry in the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri. Striking similarities between the two corpora, noted already by the father of Soqotri studies in the West, David Heinrich Müller, are investigated in depth on the basis of the author’s fieldwork experience on the island.

16

Jahdhami, Said Al. "Kumzari: The Forgotten Language." International Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 4 (August 16, 2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i4.9898.

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<p>Arabic is the first widely used language in Oman. It is not uncommon, however, to come across Omanis who converse in minority languages other than Arabic. Remarkably, these languages are of three different families: Indo-Iranian languages such as Kumzari, Lawati, Zadjali, Baluchi; Modern South Arabian languages such as Harsusi, Bathari, Hobyot, Mehri, and Jabbali /Shehri; and Bantu language family which includes Swahili. Named after the ethnic groups speaking them as mother tongues side by side with Arabic, the number of speakers of these languages varies as some are spoken by thousands of speakers while other languages may claim only a few hundred speakers. Academic work geared towards exploring these languages is scarce indeed, especially languages such as Kumzari, Harsusi, Zadjali, Bathari and Hobyot, a fact that makes them lesser-known and uninvestigated as opposed to their counterparts. In view of this, the focus of this paper lies on one of the lesser-known and unexplored minority languages spoken in Oman, namely Kumzari. In line with this, the study highlights the genetic affiliation of Kumzari, its speakers and their location, views on the origin of its name and its future status.</p>

17

Shlonsky, Ur. "A note on phrasal movement in Modern South Arabian and its consequences." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, no. 1-2 (2017): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901005.

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I argue that the predominance of clause-final negation and the ban on object cliticization on perfective verb stems with a subject agreement suffix in the Modern South Arabian languages (MSA) Mehri and Jibbali are both consequences of the fact that in these languages, a verbal projection rather than a verbal head is probed by T(ense) or by a higher functional head. As a result, this verbal projection moves to a position above T and a fortiori above negation. A corollary of verb-projection phrasal movement above T is that the affixal phi features of subject agreement are stranded, bereft of a suitable host. In face of this conundrum, MSA reanalyzes subject agreement as a weak pronoun that undergoes suffixation under adjacency to a verbal host, like a pronominal object suffix. This reanalysis has a price, however, in that only a single suffix is possible on a single host, since only one suffix is adjacent to it. Hence, object pronouns cannot occur as clitics on a verb with a weak pronominal subject suffix.

18

Rubin, Aaron D. "A Ḥarsusi text re-examined". Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 13, № 2 (29 листопада 2021): 333–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-01302008.

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Abstract Ḥarsusi, one of the six languages that comprise the Modern South Arabian branch of the Semitic family, is still rather poorly attested. One of the major sources of information is a small corpus of texts collected by T.M. Johnstone and published posthumously by Harry Stroomer. The errors present in that published edition have a negative impact on our limited understanding of Ḥarsusi grammar and vocabulary. The present article, which includes a re-edition of one of Johnstone’s texts, along with translation and commentary, aims to improve upon our current knowledge of Ḥarsusi.

19

Bendjaballah, Sabrina, and Ur Shlonsky. "Documenting and analysing the Modern South Arabian Languages in Oman: the OmanSaM project." SGMOIK-Bulletin, no. 45 (October 1, 2017): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12685/bul.45.2017.1073.

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20

Kogan, L. E. "Soqotri Lullabies." Orientalistica 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2020): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2020-3-2-443-456.

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In the Autumn of 2019, the present author, in collaboration with Sarali Gintsburg and Vitaly Naumkin, was able to collect, decipher and analyze 18 lullabies in the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri (Island of Soqotra, Gulf of Aden, Yemen). Besides numerous text samples, the article contains a brief history of the previous research, a systematic comparison between the newly gathered texts and those published by David Heinrich Müller in 1905, as well as some comparative remarks pertaining to the Old Babylonian lullabies – the earliest known specimens of this genre.

21

Kogan, Leonid, and Maria Bulakh. "On some poorly known or unrecognized verbal categories in Soqotri: 1905–2015." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, no. 1-2 (2017): 73–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901003.

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The article deals with two hitherto unexplored—to some extent, even unknown—verbal categories of the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri (Island of Soqotra, Gulf of Aden, Yemen), namely the “old imperative” and the n-conditional. Research material is taken from both the early publications of the Austrian expedition and the authors’ own field materials recently collected on the island. It is demonstrated that both categories have survived up to now and can be found—albeit not very frequently—in the living speech of the islanders. In the concluding segments of the article, a few hypotheses about the functional load of the categories under scrutiny are advanced and discussed.

22

Ad-Da'rhi, Issa Gum'an, Leonid Kogan, and Dmitry Cherkashin. "‘The Lord’: An Apology for the Muslim Faith from the Island of Soqotra1." Journal of Semitic Studies 64, no. 2 (August 23, 2019): 535–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgz018.

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Abstract The present study is a unique witness of the nascent literacy in the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri (Island Soqotra, Gulf of Aden, Yemen). For the first time, a consciously created, non-traditional specimen of Soqotri narrative appears both in the newly designed Arabic-based Soqotri script and the standard Semitological transcription, along with an English translation and philological annotations. The motivation behind the creation of this piece is, strikingly, neither artistic nor scientific, but religious, which opens new avenues for the development of the Soqotri language in complex framework of todays Arab and Islamic world: contrary to the widespread belief, Soqotri is not necessarily bound to the transmission of the traditional oral lore, but can serve as an efficient vehicle for creating and publishing texts pertaining to the vital interests of todays islanders.

23

Rubin, Aaron D. "The Mehri Participle: Form, Function, and Evolution." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 17, no. 4 (October 2007): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186307007717.

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The verbal form known as the active participle (= AP) is an integral part of the Mehri verbal system, functioning mainly – but not exclusively – as a future tense.1Yet despite its frequency, recent synopses of the language have given this form very little attention. For example, in the very important sketch of the Modern South Arabian languages by Johnstone (1975), discussion of the AP is limited to less than one sentence (p. 119). In the very useful set of observations by Lonnet (1994a), the AP receives only a little more consideration, about ten lines. In the more recent outline by Simeone-Senelle (1997), the AP also gets about ten lines. All of this is in contrast to the grammar of Jahn (1905), in which the AP (or future, as Jahn calls it) is treated as a basic verbal tense and is included in all paradigm sets.2

24

Al Aghbari, Khalsa, and Me Muhammad Ourang. "Description of Number, Person and Tense Features in the Verbal Morphologies of Jibbāli and Lari." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 8, no. 2 (July 15, 2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol8iss2pp5-12.

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The study describes a few linguistic features in the verbal morphologies of two understudied languages: Jibbāli and Lari. Jibbāli, a Modern South Arabian language spoken in the southern part of the Sultanate of Oman and Lari, an Indo-Iranian language spoken in Iran, are at risk of being endangered due to the facts that (1) they lack a writing system, (2) they are not taught at schools, (3) they are not the official languages in Oman and Iran and, most importantly, (4) there is no effort recorded to preserve these languages. Therefore, the study aims at exposing the linguistic richness of Jibbāli and Lari through describing the tendencies of their verbal morphologies. This may help revitalize a substantial linguistic aspect of these languages. However, since this study is limited in space, it only focuses on certain morphological features which make these languages stand out. The researchers observe a few undocumented linguistic tendencies in Jibbāli and Lari which may attract attention for further studies. For example, Lari, unlike other Iranian languages, lacks an auxiliary on the progressive tense which is largely expressed via morphemes. Jibbāli also exhibits some linguistic tendencies manifested by having a pronoun that refers to the speaker and another (exclusive) person in the conversation. Jibbāli is also characterized by abundant verbs which exhibit internal change along with a few affixes. Where relevant, features from the verbal morphologies of the two languages are delineated with examples collected through fieldworks and personal communication. Findings revealed that Lari is, by and large, a linear language in which affixes dock on bases to express grammatical contrasts while Jibbāli is highly inflectional with verbal affixes (number, person and tense) and morpho-phonological changes. In addition, affixes were found to play a crucial role in marking tenses and mood in Lari while Jibbāli employed a dual system in marking number.

25

Al Aghbari, Khalsa, and Me Muhammad Ourang. "Description of Number, Person and Tense Features in the Verbal Morphologies of Jibbāli and Lari." Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 8, no. 2 (July 15, 2017): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53542/jass.v8i2.2302.

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The study describes a few linguistic features in the verbal morphologies of two understudied languages: Jibbāli and Lari. Jibbāli, a Modern South Arabian language spoken in the southern part of the Sultanate of Oman and Lari, an Indo-Iranian language spoken in Iran, are at risk of being endangered due to the facts that (1) they lack a writing system, (2) they are not taught at schools, (3) they are not the official languages in Oman and Iran and, most importantly, (4) there is no effort recorded to preserve these languages. Therefore, the study aims at exposing the linguistic richness of Jibbāli and Lari through describing the tendencies of their verbal morphologies. This may help revitalize a substantial linguistic aspect of these languages. However, since this study is limited in space, it only focuses on certain morphological features which make these languages stand out. The researchers observe a few undocumented linguistic tendencies in Jibbāli and Lari which may attract attention for further studies. For example, Lari, unlike other Iranian languages, lacks an auxiliary on the progressive tense which is largely expressed via morphemes. Jibbāli also exhibits some linguistic tendencies manifested by having a pronoun that refers to the speaker and another (exclusive) person in the conversation. Jibbāli is also characterized by abundant verbs which exhibit internal change along with a few affixes. Where relevant, features from the verbal morphologies of the two languages are delineated with examples collected through fieldworks and personal communication. Findings revealed that Lari is, by and large, a linear language in which affixes dock on bases to express grammatical contrasts while Jibbāli is highly inflectional with verbal affixes (number, person and tense) and morpho-phonological changes. In addition, affixes were found to play a crucial role in marking tenses and mood in Lari while Jibbāli employed a dual system in marking number.

26

Shlonsky, Ur. "A note on the order of constituents in the Mehri Noun Phrase." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 12, no. 2 (November 4, 2020): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-01202004.

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Abstract Data elicited from native speakers of Mehri and, to a lesser extent, Jibbali—two extant Modern South Arabian languages—show that within the extended nominal phrase, the noun precedes adjectives and the numerals one and two, but follows numerals from three up. This yields the following order: Num≥3 >> Noun >> Num=1,2 >> Adjective. Demonstratives appear between the noun and the numerals one or two, Noun >> Dem >> Num=1,2 >> Adjective, but when the noun is preceded by numerals from three up, the order is Dem >> Num≥3 >> Noun >> Adjective. Following Cinque (2005), I argue that these orders can be explained by taking the constituent order derived by external merge to be Dem >> Num≥3 >> Num=1,2 >> Adjective >> Noun and having the noun (more precisely, the minimal noun phrase) move step-by-step to a position immediately above, and therefore to the left of Num=1,2. The noun cannot move above Num≥3 and since it cannot skip it, it also remains below Dem.

27

Testen, David. "The Loss of the person-marker t- In Jibbali and Socotri." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 55, no. 3 (October 1992): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00003645.

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Johnstone (1968, 1975, 1980, 1981) has pointed out that two of the Modern South Arabian group of Semitic languages, Jibbali (Śḥeri) and Socotri, systematically lose the person-marking prefix t- (whether it mark the second person or the feminine third person) in certain types of verbs. An example of this phenomenon from Jibbali may be seen in the passive paradigm of the basic stem, which is given below alongside the active-voice paradigm of a ‘stative’- type basic verb, the conjugation of which (aside from the person-markers under discussion) closely matches that of the passive form. In the active voice, the tappears in the positions in which we expect it on the basis of the cognate prefixes in the other Semitic languages, while in the passive voice the t- is absent.

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Ridouane, Rachid, and Cédric Gendrot. "On ejective fricatives in Omani Mehri." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, no. 1-2 (2017): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901008.

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Ejective fricatives are extremely rare cross-linguistically. This infrequency is generally attributed to the incompatibility of two aerodynamic requirements: airflow to create noise frication and a high intraoral air pressure to implement ejectivity. Seeking to determine how this incompatibility is solved, this study presents an acoustic investigation of initial and intervocalic ejective fricatives in Mehri, a Modern South Arabian language spoken in Oman. Based on data from 5 Mehri speakers, the analysis of different temporal and non-temporal parameters shows a high degree of variability in the way ejectivity is implemented in fricatives. Much of this variability is shaped by the position of the segments within the word. In initial position, the ejectivity of fricatives translates into a frequent presence of post-frication glottal lags, higher intensity and higher center of gravity. These acoustic attributes are less frequently encountered in intervocalic position. In this position, it is argued, the systematic diphthongization of the following long vowel, induced by ejectivity combined with dorsopharyngealisation, is salient enough to allow the contrast of ejectivity to be recovered.

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Castagna, Giuliano. "A Collection of Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t Proverbs from Ali al-Shahri’s Publication The Language of Aad/لغة عاد". Old World: Journal of Ancient Africa and Eurasia 2, № 1 (2 лютого 2022): 1–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26670755-01010009.

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Abstract Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t is a language belonging to the Modern South Arabian (msa) branch of Semitic. It is currently endangered and spoken by an estimate of 50,000 ~ 70,000 people living in the Omani governorate of Dhofar. Similarly to the other msa languages, it is unwritten, and the survival of its speakers’ traditional knowledge rests on their ability to memorise and retain a large amount of information in the form of poetry, songs, folk-tales and proverbs.In 2000, ʕAli al-Shahri, a Dhofari historian and native speaker of Jibbali/Shahret, published a bilingual English/Arabic monograph named The Language of Aad/لغة عاد which is intended as an introduction to a wide array of aspects of the local culture, ranging from the toponymy of Dhofar, its traditional dances, songs, poetry and proverbs, to more unusual topics such as star-names, children games, traditional land allotment and more. This paper focuses on one of the most prominent topics of the monograph in question, namely a collection of 210 proverbs. Each proverb in this collection is provided with a translation in English and Arabic, and is presented in al-Shahri’s work by means of an idiosyncratic transcription system based on the Arabic script, in which linguistic sounds specific to msa are represented by coloured Arabic characters, to the detriment of comprehension.This paper aims at providing a linguistically viable description of these proverbs, by presenting them in a standard Semitic transcription. The transcription presented proceeds from the analysis of al-Shahri’s original recording (which features al-Shahri himself uttering these 210 proverbs one by one) stored at the Semitische Tonarchiv (SemArch) at the University of Heidelberg. Additionally, the original English and Arabic translations provided by al-Shahri are reported. These are followed by a brief commentary containing a description of each relevant term, as well as a general account of the meaning of each proverb.The conclusions pinpoint some phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic and lexical characteristics of the material examined, and identify a number of divergences and commonalities with other present-day and ancient Semitic subgroups which bear witness to the long and unwritten history of the Jibbali/Śḥərɛ̄́t language.

30

Rendsburg, Gary A. "Modern South Arabian as a Source for Ugaritic Etymologies." Journal of the American Oriental Society 107, no. 4 (October 1987): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603304.

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31

Bell, Robert F. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 106, no. 4 (September 1991): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900139458.

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32

Critchfield, Richard. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 106, no. 4 (September 1991): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s003081290013946x.

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33

Kelly, Katherine E. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 110, no. 4 (September 1995): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900173237.

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The 1995 SCMLA meeting will be held 26-28 November at the Wyndham-Warwick Hotel in Houston. The University of Houston will host the convention, and Harmon Boertien and Julian Olivares will act as local arrangements chairs. This year's theme, “The Museum as Cultural Site,” will be reflected in a Saturday morning roundtable discussion, a preconference workshop, and various special sessions. Denise Chavez will be the plenary speaker. The 1995 program offers over ninety-five sessions, of which at least twenty-five are new special sessions. Current members will receive the summer newsletter, a convention program, and the fall issue of the South Central Review, a special double issue entitled Russian Literature after Perestroika. To join SCMLA, please write to Jo Hebert, SCMLA, Dept. of English, Texas A&M Univ., College Station 77843-4227. Dues are: joint members, $25; full professors, $20; associate and assistant professors, $15; instructors, retired professors, and graduate students, $10. These dues entitle members to four issues of the South Central Review, two newsletters, a convention packet and program, and application for SCMLA's annual awards.

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Bell, Robert F., and Christel Bell. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 110, no. 4 (September 1995): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900173225.

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As we conclude our fifth and final year on the SAMLA team, we are happy to report that SAMLA continues to be the largest regional affiliate of the Modem Language Association of America despite the belt-tightening measures that have been going on in the economy and in our profession. This year 1,048 colleagues attended the Baltimore convention, a testimony to the attractiveness of the site but still below what we normally experience in Atlanta. The 1995 convention will be held 3-5 November at the Marriott Marquis in Atlanta. Preregistration for the convention is $30 for regular members and $20 for graduate students. SAMLA, as always, welcomes all to what will be a lively and informative meeting. Featured speakers will include Mary Lee Settle, William Calin, Trudier Harris, and Durs Grunbein.

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Harper, Margaret Mills. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 115, no. 4 (September 2000): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900140325.

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SAMLA's seventieth annual convention will be held in Birmingham at the Sheraton Civic Center from 10 to 12 November. William C. Calin will present the keynote address; George Ella Lyon will give the creative address; and French, German, and Spanish plenary addresses will also be featured. Sonia Sanchez will make a special appearance, and other sessions will focus on Birmingham and Alabama writers, gender and race studies, and human rights in literature and culture. Last year's highly successful reading by contemporary writers, sponsored by the literary magazine Five Points, will be repeated. Graduate students will host a poets' circle, and a special performance of Hemingway stories will take place. Among the twenty special sessions are African Influence on Western Literatures; The Holocaust in Literature and Film; Rhetorics, Rhetoricians, and the Teaching of Rhetoric; Early Modern Women of Spain; and Epics and Literature at the Millennium. During the varied program (over 140 sessions), the convention will feature issues of technology, pedagogy, and professional concerns and will offer a number of opportunities to meet and socialize. Cash bars will be held for faculty members in two-year colleges, Feministas Unidas, and gay and lesbian studies. Side trips are planned to the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute and the Birmingham Museum of Art. A full copy of the program will be available on the SAMLA Web site in July.

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McWhirter, David. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 115, no. 4 (September 2000): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900140337.

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The 2000 SCMLA meeting will be held 9-11 November at the historic Gunter Hotel in San Antonio. Our Lady of the Lake University, Saint Mary's University, Trinity University, the University of Texas, San Antonio, and the University of Incarnate Word will host the convention, with Richard Pressman (Saint Mary's Univ.) acting as local arrangements chair and Marita Nummikoski (Univ. of Texas, San Antonio) serving as treasurer. This year's theme is Teaching Languages and Literatures: Histories, Practices, Speculations. Highlights will include plenary speaker Nicolás Kanellos, founder and director of Arte Público Press, and a reading by Latina writer Carmen Tafolla. Various special events will highlight and celebrate our work as teachers; a breakfast roundtable devoted to visual arts in the language and literature classroom will be held in conjunction with a specially arranged tour of the Rockefeller Center for Latin American Art.SCMLA membership remains strong, with approximately 1,800 dues-paying members. Publications received by 2000 members include four issues of the South Central Review, summer and winter newsletters, and the San Antonio convention packet. To join SCMLA, write to Ede Hilton-Lowe, SCMLA, Dept. of English, Texas A&M Univ., College Station 77843-4227, or download a membership form from our Web site (http://www-english.tamu.edu/scmla/). Dues for joint members are $35; full professors, $30; associate and assistant professors, $25; instructors, retired professors, and graduate students, $20. The Web site features our online newsletter, which includes calls for papers, deadline and grant application information, and information on upcoming conferences.

37

Finneran, Richard J. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 113, no. 4 (September 1998): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900147881.

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38

McWhirter, David. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 113, no. 4 (September 1998): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900147893.

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39

Harper, Margaret Mills. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 114, no. 4 (September 1999): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900154070.

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SAMLA's sixty-ninth annual convention will be held in Atlanta at the Hyatt Regency from 4 to 6 November. Our diverse program will include over 140 sessions and other events. Shirley Brice Heath will present the keynote address; Charles Altieri will address the critical forum; Ellen Douglas and Robert Morgan will give readings; and French, German, and Spanish plenary addresses will be featured. Readings by contemporary writers will be sponsored by Five Points, and graduate students will host a poets' circle.

40

McWhirter, David. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 114, no. 4 (September 1999): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900154082.

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The 1999 SCMLA meeting will be held 28–30 October at the Marriott-Downtown Hotel in Memphis. The University of Memphis, the University of Mississippi, and Rhodes College will host the convention, with Susan Fitzgerald (Univ. of Memphis) acting as local arrangements chair and Karen Raber (Univ. of Mississippi) serving as treasurer. This year's theme, Intersections, will be reflected in a record 111 regular, allied, and special sessions; highlights will include plenary speaker Ellen Douglas and a special roundtable on Reading Popular Culture.

41

Malamud, Randy. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 117, no. 4 (September 2002): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900167094.

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42

McWhirter, David. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 117, no. 4 (September 2002): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900167100.

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43

Harper, Margaret Mills. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 116, no. 4 (September 2001): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900169068.

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44

McWhirter, David. "South Central Modern Language Association." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 116, no. 4 (September 2001): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s003081290016907x.

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45

Bell, Robert F. "South Atlantic Modern Language Association." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 109, no. 4 (September 1994): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900173171.

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46

Kelly, Katherine E. "South Central Modern Language Association." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 109, no. 4 (September 1994): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900173183.

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47

McWhirter, David. "South Central Modern Language Association." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 112, no. 4 (September 1997): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900174231.

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48

RENFROE, F. "South Arabian Inscriptions in the Yale Babylonian Collection." Le Muséon 103, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/mus.103.1.2006110.

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49

Boltaboev, Sultonbek. "THE CORE MEANINGS OF “في” PREPOZITSION OF THE ARABIAN LANGUAGE". American Journal Of Philological Sciences 03, № 04 (1 квітня 2023): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajps/volume03issue04-05.

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All linguists know that auxiliary words are widely used in both Arabic and Uzbek. This article discusses the meanings of في primitive auxiliary in Arabic. Our textbooks do not pay much attention to the meaning of these auxiliary. However, this topic is widely covered in the scientific works of both classical grammarians and modern grammarians. We have tried to summarize all the information in these works and show all the meanings of this primitive auxiliary. To shed more light on this, we have used various sources, such as the following and many other works, including the medieval grammar of Mahmud az-Zamahshari’s “Al-mufassal fin-nahvi”, and Abdul-Qahir al-Jurjani’s “Hundred Factors in Arabic Nahvi”, the famous and one of the modern Lebanese scholars Antoine al-Dahdah’s “Mu’jamul lug’atin-nahvil arabi”, “Al-kamil fin-nahvi vas-sarfi val I’rab” by Ahmad Qabbis, a well-known Syrian linguist, Al-Ardabiyli’s commentary on Az-Zamahshari’s “Alunmuzaj fin-nahvi”, B.M.Grande’s “Arabic Grammar Course in Comparative-Historical Lighting”

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Edzard, Lutz. "On the role of Modern South Arabian within a comparative Semitic lexicographical project." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 9, no. 1-2 (2017): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-00901010.

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Drawing on material collected in the course of a large comparative Semitic lexicographic project in general and inspired by Kogan 2015 and other sources (mainly the dictionaries by Thomas Muir Johnstone and Wolf Leslau) in particular, this paper aims at detecting specific lexical peculiarities and semantic shades in the South Semitic (mainly Modern South Arabian) lexicon, in order to determine the value of this branch for genetic classification within Semitic at large