Дисертації з теми "Modelling options and assumptions"
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Ziegler, Lee. "Tests of distributional assumptions and the informational content of agricultural futures options." Thesis, Montana State University, 1997. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/1997/ziegler/ZieglerL1997.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Neil. "Reducing the need for assumptions in the automated modelling of physical systems." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391565.
Повний текст джерелаMafu, Thandile John. "Modelling of multi-state panel data : the importance of the model assumptions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95994.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: A multi-state model is a way of describing a process in which a subject moves through a series of states in continuous time. The series of states might be the measurement of a disease for example in state 1 we might have subjects that are free from disease, in state 2 we might have subjects that have a disease but the disease is mild, in state 3 we might have subjects having a severe disease and in last state 4 we have those that die because of the disease. So Markov models estimates the transition probabilities and transition intensity rates that describe the movement of subjects between these states. The transition might be for example a particular subject or patient might be slightly sick at age 30 but after 5 years he or she might be worse. So Markov model will estimate what probability will be for that patient for moving from state 2 to state 3. Markov multi-state models were studied in this thesis with the view of assessing the Markov models assumptions such as homogeneity of the transition rates through time, homogeneity of the transition rates across the subject population and Markov property or assumption. The assessments of these assumptions were based on simulated panel or longitudinal dataset which was simulated using the R package named msm package developed by Christopher Jackson (2014). The R code that was written using this package is attached as appendix. Longitudinal dataset consists of repeated measurements of the state of a subject and the time between observations. The period of time with observations in longitudinal dataset is being made on subject at regular or irregular time intervals until the subject dies then the study ends.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: ’n Meertoestandmodel is ’n manier om ’n proses te beskryf waarin ’n subjek in ’n ononderbroke tydperk deur verskeie toestande beweeg. Die verskillende toestande kan byvoorbeeld vir die meting van siekte gebruik word, waar toestand 1 uit gesonde subjekte bestaan, toestand 2 uit subjekte wat siek is, dog slegs matig, toestand 3 uit subjekte wat ernstig siek is, en toestand 4 uit subjekte wat aan die siekte sterf. ’n Markov-model raam die oorgangswaarskynlikhede en -intensiteit wat die subjekte se vordering deur hierdie toestande beskryf. Die oorgang is byvoorbeeld wanneer ’n bepaalde subjek of pasiënt op 30-jarige ouderdom net lig aangetas is, maar na vyf jaar veel ernstiger siek is. Die Markov-model raam dus die waarskynlikheid dat so ’n pasiënt van toestand 2 tot toestand 3 sal vorder. Hierdie tesis het ondersoek ingestel na Markov-meertoestandmodelle ten einde die aannames van die modelle, soos die homogeniteit van oorgangstempo’s oor tyd, die homogeniteit van oorgangstempo’s oor die subjekpopulasie en tipiese Markov-eienskappe, te beoordeel. Die beoordeling van hierdie aannames was gegrond op ’n gesimuleerde paneel of longitudinale datastel wat met behulp van Christopher Jackson (2014) se R-pakket genaamd msm gesimuleer is. Die R-kode wat met behulp van hierdie pakket geskryf is, word as bylae aangeheg. Die longitudinale datastel bestaan uit herhaalde metings van die toestand waarin ’n subjek verkeer en die tydsverloop tussen waarnemings. Waarnemings van die longitudinale datastel word met gereelde of ongereelde tussenposes onderneem totdat die subjek sterf, wanneer die studie dan ook ten einde loop.
Figueroa, Marcelo Gustavo. "Modelling electricity markets : swing options and hybrid models." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439778.
Повний текст джерелаIvkovic, Karen Marie-Jeanne, and kardami@optusnet com au. "Modelling Groundwater-River Interactions for Assessing Water Allocation Options." The Australian National University. Centre for Resources, Environment and Society, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20080901.134545.
Повний текст джерелаScannell, Michael Francis. "The modelling of career options and Continuing Professional Development." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/333009.
Повний текст джерелаBoussabah, Laith. "Impact of engineering modelling assumptions on assessing the seismic performance of Montgomery Block building." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6587.
Повний текст джерелаRout, Sweta. "The mathematical modelling and numerical solution of options pricing problems." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2005. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6285/.
Повний текст джерелаAlsolami, Majdi. "Mathematical modelling of mid-term options price of Ijārah Sukūk." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/77864/.
Повний текст джерелаCampbell, Dana. "Sustainable assumptions : modelling the ecological impacts of pre-pottery Neolithic farming communities in the Levant." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501734.
Повний текст джерелаKrühner, Paul [Verfasser]. "The Heath-Jarrow-Morton approach for modelling stock options / Paul Krühner." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1022796275/34.
Повний текст джерелаParissis, Olga-Stamatina. "Options for renewable hydrogen supply to urban centres : a modelling approach." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11858.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Wung Pok Pok. "Modelling of global nuclear power systems using a real options approach." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-of-global-nuclear-power-systems-using-a-real-options-approach(5de03f70-d201-43f5-ba4a-fe5292660acd).html.
Повний текст джерелаBarbu, Monica Constanta. "Stochastic modelling applications in continuous time finance /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18290.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLeach, Matthew Adrian. "Energy sector strategies in Eastern Europe : modelling technological change and policy options." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362434.
Повний текст джерелаAruan, Aulia Liat Parluhutan. "Regional forestry sector modelling of options for industrial forest plantations in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7560.
Повний текст джерелаRadeschnig, David. "Modelling Implied Volatility of American-Asian Options : A Simple Multivariate Regression Approach." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28951.
Повний текст джерелаSingh, Surbjeet. "Modelling liquidity and the valuation of American options using the dual method." Thesis, University of Bath, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425797.
Повний текст джерелаChaipimonplin, Tawee. "An exploration of neural network modelling options for the upper river Ping, Thailand." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531635.
Повний текст джерелаUhorakeye, Théoneste [Verfasser]. "Modelling electricity supply options for Rwanda in the face of climate change / Théoneste Uhorakeye." Flensburg : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Flensburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1126984949/34.
Повний текст джерелаGuy, Mark A. "Modelling landscape change in south-west England : an assessment of the impacts of policy-based assumptions on land cover pattern." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435459.
Повний текст джерелаAdenäuer, Marcel. "Modelling the European sugar sector incentives to supply sugar beets and analysis of reform options /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98017449X.
Повний текст джерелаGenua, Olmedo Ana. "Modelling sea level rise impacts and the management options for rice production: the Ebro Delta as an example." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461596.
Повний текст джерелаLas zonas costeras tienen que hacer frente a los crecientes riesgos relacionados con la subida del nivel del mar (SLR). El Delta del Ebro es un valioso ecosistema representativo de la vulnerabilidad de las zonas costeras al SLR. La producción de arroz, la principal actividad económica de la zona, ocupa ca. el 65% de la superficie total, y es sensible a la SLR, y al aumento de la salinidad del suelo el factor más limitante en el cultivo del arroz. Por tanto, es necesario analizar los impactos de la SLR, es decir, la inundaciones y la salinización del suelo, y desarrollar medidas de adaptación apropiadas. Hemos construido modelos espaciales (1 × 1 m) en áreas propensas a inundación, pérdida de sedimentos, salinización del suelo y pérdida de producción de arroz. Se acoplaron datos de GIS con GLMz y los modelos se realizaron bajo diferentes escenarios predichos por el IPCC (AR5) hasta 2100. También evaluamos la viabilidad de una medida innovadora de adaptación basada en la naturaleza que consiste en reintroducir sedimentos atrapados en embalses de bajo Ebro a la llanura deltaica. La elevación (inversamente relacionada a la salinidad del suelo) fue la variable más importante para explicar la salinidad del suelo, por lo que los modelos predijeron una disminución en el Índice de Producción de Arroz normalizado (RPI) siguiendo el gradiente de elevación del delta. Según el escenario considerado, los modelos predicen una reducción de RPI del 62.1 % en 2010 a 54.6 % en 2100 para el escenario más conservador (SLR = 0.53 m); Y al 33,8 % en el peor escenario considerado (SLR = 1,8 m), con una disminución de los beneficios de hasta 300 €/ha. Para los mismos escenarios, la superficie de los campos de arroz inundados osciló entre 36 y 90 %, y la pérdida de sedimentos de 122 a 418 millones de toneladas. La medida de adaptación propuesta tuvo un efecto positivo en la producción de arroz y puede considerarse como una opción de gestión innovadora para mantener los servicios ecosistémicos del Delta del Ebro a pesar del SLR. Nuestros modelos pueden aplicarse a otras áreas deltaicas en todo el mundo, ayudando a los agricultores y a las partes interesadas a identificar áreas vulnerables a los impactos del SLR y a desarrollar planes de manejo.
Coastal areas have to cope with increasing risks related to SLR. The Ebro Delta is a valuable ecosystem representative of the vulnerability of coastal areas to SLR. Rice production is the main economic activity, occupying ca. 65 % of the total surface is sensitive to SLR, and the increase in soil salinity, the most limiting factor. Thus, it is necessary to analyse the impacts of SLR, i.e. flooding and soil salinization, and to develop appropriate adaptation measures. We built spatial models (1 × 1 m) in areas prone to be flooded, sediment loss, soil salinity, and rice production loss. We coupled data from GIS with GLMz and models were run under different scenarios predicted by IPCC (AR5) up to 2100. We also evaluated the feasibility of an innovative nature-based adaptation measure consisting in reintroducing sediments trapped in basin reservoirs into the delta plain. Elevation (inversely related) was the most important variable in explaining soil salinity, thus, models predicted a decrease in normalized Rice Production Index following the delta elevation gradient. Subjected to the scenario considered, the models predict a RPI reduction from 62.1 % in 2010 to 54.6 % by 2100 in the most conservative scenario (SLR = 0.53 m); and to 33.8 % in the worst considered scenario (SLR = 1.8 m), with a decrease of profit up to 300 € per hectare. For the same scenarios, the flooded rice fields’ area ranged 36-90 %, and the sediment loss 122-418 million tonnes. The nature-based adaptation measure proposed had a positive effect on rice production, and it can be considered as an innovative management option for maintaining the Ebro Delta ecosystem services although SLR. Our models can be applied to other deltaic areas worldwide, helping farmers and stakeholders to identify vulnerable areas to SLR impacts and to develop management plans.
Tipe, Luis Alberto Martinez. "Strategic project evaluation for open pit mining ventures using real options and allied econometric techniques." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/48334/1/Luis_Martinez_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNkowani, Kenneth. "Modelling land/resource use options open to small holder farmers in the northern region of Zambia : a multiple objective programming approach." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15538.
Повний текст джерелаPudney, Steven Grant. "Asset renewal decision modelling with application to the water utility industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/40933/1/Steven_Pudney_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаViscarra, Riveros Federico Ernesto <1982>. "Climate change impacts and efficient adaptation options in the Bolivian agriculture : from crop models to integrated assessments." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3966.
Повний текст джерелаIl settore agricolo potrebbe rivelarsi nelle prossime decadi uno dei settori economici più vulnerabili agli impatti dei cambiamenti climatici. Questi impatti possono riguardare il periodo di crescita, le rese colturali, gli eventi meteorologici estremi, le variazioni di temperature e la distribuzione delle piogge. Tutti questi impatti avranno conseguenze sulle produzioni agricole. Considerata la mancanza di studi rilevanti sugli impatti dei cambiamenti climatici sull’agricoltura in Bolivia, la tesi discute lo sviluppo di un’analisi ed una valutazione degli impatti dei cambiamenti climatici e delle opzioni di adattamento utilizzando differenti modelli, sia con approccio bottom-up (dal basso verso l’alto) che top-down (dall’alto verso il basso), e, nell’ultimo capitolo, viene poi sviluppata una valutazione integrata. I risultati ottenuti con i modelli colturali su scala locale, sono comparabili con quelli ottenuti in precedenti studi effettuati su più larga scala sia per L’America Latina che a livello mondiale. Inoltre le funzioni di risposta sviluppate con tecniche di regressione mostrano rese colturali con elevati livelli di accuratezza rispetto a quelle ottenute con i modelli colturali. Per di più, quando si utilizzano modelli colturali per l'analisi di adattamento, i risultati delle simulazioni mostrano che i modelli colturali sono abbastanza sensibili nel rilevare le variazioni ottimali per i differenti scenari e i risultati dell’analisi Costi-Benefici confermano che la variazione della data di semina è una misura di adattamento facilmente attuabile e poco costosa per affrontare gli effetti del cambiamento climatico. Infine, i risultati del modello integrato mostrano che le politiche microeconomiche e macroeconomiche applicate assieme possono portare ad uno sviluppo sostenibile, aumentando così il Prodotto Interno Lordo (PIL) e il reddito pro capite, riducendo i tassi di deforestazione e, allo stesso tempo, il costo sociale di conservazione identificato si rivela un buon punto di partenza per sistemi di negoziazione PES e REDD+ nel contesto degli accordi globali sul cambiamento climatico.
Winther, Hedvig. "Climate change impacts on water resources of the Ganges : Suitable adaptation options for agriculture in the Indian-Himalayan region." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210761.
Повний текст джерелаKlimatförändringarna påverkar åtskilliga miljöfaktorer och tillsammans med socioekonomiska förändringar sätter de stort tryck på vattenresurser. Klimatförändringar manifesterar sig i stigande temperaturer och ändrade nederbördsmönster och nederbördsintensitet, med påföljande effekter på hydrologiskt relevanta parametrar så som vattenflöden, evapotranspirationsvärden, smältande glaciärer etcetera, vilka alla är effekter som redan observerats och är förutspådda att fortsätta under innevarande århundrande. Befolkningen i Indien är näst störst i världen. Större delen av befolkningen i Indien bor på landsbygden och är beroende av klimatkänsliga sektorer så som jordbruk, fiske och skogsbruk. Indiska Himalaya förser 600 miljoner människor med vatten, framtida effekter på den hydrologiska cykeln, orsakade av klimatförändringarna i området, är därför av största intresse. För att kunna hantera de framtida effekterna orsakade av klimatförändringarna är det viktigt att implementera klimatanpassningsstrategier. Den här studien kombinerar data analyser från en hydro-klimatisk modelleringskampanj (som är genomförd externt till det här arbetet), litteraturstudie över effekter på jordbruk orsakade av klimatförändringar och möjligheter att anpassa sig till dessa förändringar, samt involverar preferenser och kunskaper från intressenter inom det aktuella området för att kunna identifiera lämpliga klimatanpassningsstrategier. Studien har ett huvudfokus på klimatanpassning för jordbruksområden i två distrikt i Indien: Uttarkashi (uppströms Ganges, Uttarakhand) och Patna (nedströms Ganges, Bihar). Analysen av hydro-klimatisk data, baserad på en modelleringskampanj, fokuserar på tre klimatvariabler som är av betydelse för jordbrukssektor: nederbörd, temperatur, och evapotranspiration. För att kunna karakterisera framtida klimat har IPCCs fyra representativa koncentrationsvägar (RCPs) tagits hänsyn till: RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, och RCP 8.5. Effekterna av dessa scenarier på de tre ovan listade klimatvariablerna är analyserade över tre framtida tidsperioder: 2011-2040, 2041-2070, 2071-2100, med ett speciellt fokus på monsunperioden från juni till oktober. Resultatet från analysen av hydro-klimatisk data indikerar en ökning under århundrandet i minimal, maximal, och genomsnittlig temperatur i båda distrikten. En ökning i evapotranspiration för båda distrikten kunde också identifieras, med några få undantag för RCP 2.6, 6.0 och 8.5 i april och maj i Patna, samt för alla RCP scenarier i april, maj och juni för Uttarkashi. Trender i nederbörd visar en ökning i maximal och genomsnittlig nederbörd för nästan alla scenarier under monsunperioden i Patna (exempel på scenarier där den genomsnittliga nederbörden inte ökar är RCP 4.5 och 8.5 i juni och juli under perioden 2011-2040). En ökning i maximal och genomsnittlig nederbörd identifierades i september för alla RCP scenarier och framtidsperioder, samt i augusti för RCP 2.6 och 8.5 i Uttarkashi. Kvarvarande månader visar på stor variabilitet i nederbörd för alla scenarier i båda distrikten. Litteraturstudien resulterade i en tabell med klimatanpassningsstrategier, där nio av 63 ansågs vara transformerande, samt identifierade möjliga effekter på jordbruket i de två distrikten orsakade av klimatförändringar. Ökningen i minimal temperatur kan leda till mer allvarliga och intensifierade hagelstormar i framtiden. Temperaturökningen kan i Uttarkashi leda till förlängd odlingssäsong medan ökningen i genomsnittlig och maximal temperatur kan leda till värmestress på grödorna i Patna. Vidare gäller att ökningen i maximal och genomsnittlig nederbörd kan leda till mer allvarliga naturkatastrofer i framtiden som exempelvis jordskred i Uttarkashi och översvämningar i Patna. Ökningen i evapotranspiration kombinerat med minskningen i genomsnittlig nederbörd under vissa månader skulle kunna leda till ett ökat bevattningsbehov. Två ”worskhops” anordnades i regionen med målet att sammanföra forskare och intressenter (exempelvis bönder) för att gemensamt diskutera 1) lämpligheten av användandet av hydrologiskt modellerad data för att förbereda jordbruket på klimatförändringar, och 2) föreslå lämpliga klimatanpassningsstrategier baserat på forskarnas och intressenternas kunskap och erfarenheter. Informationen från den första workshopen erhölls genom en workshoprapport, medan informationen i den andra workshopen erhölls genom författarens eget deltagande i workshopen. Resultatet från workshopen visade på att bönderna hade flertalet egna föreslag vad gäller lämpliga klimatanpassningsstrategier så som exempelvis implementerande av bevattningssystem och ökade kreditmöjligheter. Bönderna hade även börjat anpassa sig till klimatförändringar genom exempelvis ha lång- och korttids variationer av ris samt att de hade flyttat på datumet för sådden. Kombinationen av hydro-klimatisk data, litteratur och intressentpreferenser och kunskap möjliggjorde förslag på klimatanpassningsstrategier i de två distrikten. Strategier för att reducera skador på grödor och jordbruksmark orsakade av extrema händelser, varningssystem som varnar i ett tidigt skede, och diversifiering av försörjning är direkta klimatanpassningsstrategier som identifierades för båda distrikten. Försäkringslösningar, ökade kreditmöjligheter, och ett rättvist marknadspris var indirekta anpassningsstrategier som identifierats för båda distrikten. Även specifika anpassningsstrategier för respektive distrikt har identifierats, där exempelvis värme-tåliga grödor identifierades som viktigt för Patna och implementering av bevattningssystem identifierades som extra viktigt för Uttarkashi.
Ahdida, Abdelkoddousse. "Processus matriciels : simulation et modélisation de la dépendance en finance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1154/document.
Повний текст джерелаAfter a short introduction (in French) to the multi dimensional modelling for index pricing problems, the first part of the thesis treats the simulation of stochastic differential equations defined on the cone of symmetric positive semi-definite matrices. Indeed, we present several second order discretization schemes associated to a general class of affine processes defined on $posm.$ We study also their weak convergence. We pay a special attention to Wishart processes, which are considered as a particular case of this class and have been frequently used in finance. In this case, we give an exact scheme and a third order discretization one. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first exact sampling of the Wishart distribution without any restrictions on its parameters. Some algorithm are proposed in order to enhance all scheme in term of computation of time. We show numerical illustrations of our convergence and compare it to the theoretical rate. We then focus on other type of processes defined on the correlation matrix space. For this purposes, We propose a new stochastic differential equation defined on $crr.$ We prove the weak and the strong existence of such solutions. These processes are considered as the extension of Wright-Fisher processes (or Jacobi process) on correlation matrices. We shed light on a useful connection with Wishart processes and Wright-Fisher multi-allèles. Moreover, we explicitly present their moments, which enable us to describe the ergodic limit. Other results about Girsanov representations are also given. Finally, in order to use these processes in practice, we propose second order discretization schemes based on two different methods. Numerical experiments are presented to show the convergence. The last part is devoted to multi dimension modelling in finance for baskets and indices pricing. After giving a mathematical analysis of models defined either by the correlation matrix or in the positive semi-definite semi positive one, we ask if we find the adequate structure of correlation models which is able to calibrate both the index options market and the single options market related to each component of this index. For this purpose, we propose two types of modelling, the first uses a local model correlation and the second derives from a pure stochastic correlation model. Moreover, we explain different routines that have been used for improved calibration
Ladwig, Theresa. "Demand Side Management in Deutschland zur Systemintegration erneuerbarer Energien." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-236074.
Повний текст джерелаStaphorst, Leonard. "The impact of intellectual property rights from publicly financed research and development on governance mode decisions for research alliances." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24604.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
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Huang, Fei. "Stochastic modelling of actuarial assumptions using Chinese data." Phd thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155886.
Повний текст джерелаIvkovic, Karen Marie-Jeanne. "Modelling Groundwater-River Interactions for Assessing Water Allocation Options." Phd thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49342.
Повний текст джерелаBotha, Natasha. "Effect of numerical modelling assumptions on the simulated corneal response during Goldmann applanation tonometry." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40832.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
gm2014
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
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Pretorius, Carel Diederik. "Investigating viral parameter dependence on cell and viral life cycle assumptions." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/2183.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation reviews population dynamic type models of viral infection and introduces some new models to describe strain competition and the infected cell lifecycle. Laboratory data from a recent clinical trial, tracking drug resistant virus in patients given a short course of monotherapy is comprehensively analysed, paying particular attention to reproducibility. A Bayesian framework is introduced, which facilitates the inference of model parameters from the clinical data. It appears that the rapid emergence of resistance is a challenge to popular unstructured models of viral infection, and this challenge is partly addressed. In particular, it appears that minimal ordinary differential equations, with their implicit exponential lifetime (constant hazard) distributions in all compartments, lack the short transient timescales observed clinically. Directions for future work, both in terms of obtaining more informative data, and developing more systematic approaches to model building, are identified.
Petrcich, William. "Dimensionality Reduction in the Creation of Classifiers and the Effects of Correlation, Cluster Overlap, and Modelling Assumptions." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/2933.
Повний текст джерелаVinca, Adriano. "Integrated climate-land-energy-water solutions: modelling and assessment of sustainability policy options." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/13095.
Повний текст джерелаGraduate
Gilmour, Juliet Karla. "An integrated modelling approach for assessing land use change and water allocation policy options." Phd thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148557.
Повний текст джерелаAlie, Colin. "A framework for assessing the CO2 mitigation options for the electricity generation sub-sector." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8117.
Повний текст джерелаAdenäuer, Marcel [Verfasser]. "Modelling the European sugar sector : incentives to supply sugar beets and analysis of reform options / von Marcel Adenäuer." 2006. http://d-nb.info/98017449X/34.
Повний текст джерелаRuggieri, Sergio. "Advanced strategies for the seismic assessment of existing RC moment-frame buildings: appraisal of modelling assumptions and development of parsimonious PBEE-based methods of analysis." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11589/159984.
Повний текст джерелаThe issue of seismic assessment of existing RC buildings has been extensively studied in the last few years and the international reference framework, both with regard to the scientific research and the development of technical codes, is very wide. Nevertheless, there are still a lot of challenging questions about the definition of reliable numerical models and methods of analysis, which are strongly affected by many uncertainty sources (knowledge of structural details, material properties, seismic input; accuracy and reliability of capacity models and discretization strategies). The management of these issues, especially in view of practice-oriented applications, requires the availability of effective strategies, so to allow a probabilistic assessment approach that can be relatively accessible in terms of implementation hurdle the computational time. After an extensive background about the approaches to vulnerability assessment proposed by recent scientific literature and technical codes, the dissertation discusses the critical aspects related to some assumptions commonly adopted in the seismic modelling of existing RC buildings, with the aim of proposing proper sanitization strategies, which can be particularly useful in view of practical applications. As a first issue, the influence on the global response of alternative modelling assumptions for secondary structural elements such as slabs is investigated. The usual hypothesis of rigid floor is assessed by performing a sensitivity analysis based on several parameters, which are particularly significant for the structural response evaluation. Then, based on the results of the analyses, a numerical procedure for modelling the floor system is proposed, defining an orthotropic equivalent shell element capable to simulate the in-plan stiffness of the floor. The methodology actually increases the computational efforts, but has the significant advantage of avoiding aprioristic assumptions about the floor stiffness. An application of the method to the numerical modelling of existing RC buildings is then proposed, by appraising the variation of results in comparison with alternative models for considering in-plan stiffness (namely, equivalent strut models). Lastly, the application possibilities of the proposed procedure are appraised, by presenting a number of examples. As an additional effect, the presence of infill panels is considered, in the perspective of retrofit solutions. More specifically, the possibility of increasing the capacity to horizontal actions by reinforcing the infilled frames or by introducing additional RC shear walls on the building perimeter is appraised. The second issue addressed in the dissertation is the definition of the most effective methodology to be used for identifying the structural response both in the elastic and inelastic field. After a review of the nonlinear methods of analysis provided by the scientific literature, both static and dynamic, the dissertation presents some applications of the pushover method, which is by far the most popular choice of practitioners. Firstly, an application of conventional pushover analysis is performed on a set of ideal buildings, with the aim of appraising the role of the control node position. Anyway, as highlighted by current technical laws (Italian building code and Eurocode 8), nonlinear static procedure cannot be always applied in its conventional formulation. In particular, some limitations arise in the presence of structural irregularities or in the cases where higher modes have a strong influence. With the aim to bridge these gaps, a solution can be represented by non-conventional methods as multimodal or adaptive pushover analysis. With regard to this question, a simplified multimodal pushover procedure is proposed in the dissertation. The main advantage of the proposal is represented by the easiness of application, thanks to the adoption of a single load profile in the computation, which is moreover an approach very familiar to practitioners. For assessing the reliability of the procedure, it is tested on a real case study characterized by relevant dynamic irregularity and a consistent inhomogeneity of in-situ materials. The final part of the dissertation is devoted to the possibility of extensively bringing the concepts at the base of Performance Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) to a wider audience of users, considering that this method has a high scientific relevance for the assessment of existing RC buildings. Generally, the application of PBEE needs a specialist knowledge about probability theories and about nonlinear modelling and analysis, which are skills not always common among practitioners. With the aim of reducing these obstacles, a methodology of nonlinear dynamic analysis is proposed, which consists in an application of the multi-stripe analysis on numerical models implemented through a commercial software. In particular, the new procedure, called Few Stripe Analysis (FSA), is applied on a sample of 15 existing RC school buildings (located in the province of Foggia, Southern Italy) and the results, in terms of damage states, are compared with the ones obtained from SPO2FRAG software, an userfriendly tool able to compute the fragility curves starting from pushover curves. Finally, a new simplified modelling procedure for estimating the global response of existing RC buildings is presented. It is able to produce 3D reduced-order models (characterized by very few degrees of freedom) starting from the geometrical and mechanical features of the case study. The main advantage of the present approach is to account for the effects predictable with MDoF models, but with low analysis time and computational efforts, with elevate convergence capacity, typical of the SDoF models. The performance of this simplified numerical modelling procedure has been tested by the application on the previously mentioned sample of school buildings and comparing the results, in terms of structural response, damage states and confidence levels, with the ones previously obtained from the application of FSA. The relevance and perspective impact of the research work here presented should be seen in the wider field of the vulnerability analysis of the building stock at the regional scale, which is a crucial issue for the scientific community and for the civil society. Governments and administrations are invested with the difficult task of providing mitigation strategies for the seismic risk for a very wide and inhomogeneous portfolio of buildings and the economic resources are often very limited. Therefore, the development of methods for estimating the vulnerability with limited data has been a subject of intense research activity. The framework that is depicted in the dissertation can provide a tool potentially very impactful, since it could allow, by the exploitation of the 3D Reduced Order Models combined with FSA, to overcome the well-known limitations of empirical vulnerability approaches in favor of mechanical based methods managed in a full probabilistic framework.
Delzeit, Ruth [Verfasser]. "Modelling regional maize markets for biogas production in Germany : the impact of different policy options on environment and transport emissions / von Ruth Delzeit." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1011777711/34.
Повний текст джерелаTafarte, Philip. "Assessing the potential for immediate technical options for an optimized renewable energy supply – a case study for Germany." 2019. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75175.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: For Germany to achieve its ambitious political targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the electricity sector, major energy scenarios and reports project that the country will have to expand its renewable power generation capacities massively by 2035. As is the case for many countries, Germany will have to heavily rely on variable renewable energy sources (vRES), especially wind and solar photovoltaics. The characteristics of power production from vRES pose challenges for a stable and reliable future power supply system. Accordingly, the research into the technical challenges of integrating large shares of vRES into the power system has therefore attracted much interest in recent years; however, major energy scenarios seem to not cover integration options associated with the fast development of vRES correctly and lag behind the fast development in renewable energy technology. In this cumulative thesis, selected technical options for the integration of renewable energy sources into the power supply system have been investigated in a case study of Germany and a selected transmission system in Germany. To identify and assess these emerging integration options, the research in this PhD thesis covers the most promising technical options for the integration of vRES in the form of i) system-friendly layouts of wind and solar PV; ii) optimal capacity mixes of vRES; iii) the spatial allocation of wind turbines and the impact assessment of wind turbine allocation; and iv) the contribution of flexible power generation from biomass to complement vRES. Therefore, a mix of methods has been applied, ranging from numerical optimization based on time series data, GIS potential mapping and allocation including a multi-criterial decision analysis. The results show how the investigated options can facilitate the transition for a power supply system dominated by high shares of vRES in the near to medium term. A faster energy transition with significantly reduced overall vRES power generation capacities, less Excess Energy (EE) generation, improved cross-sectorial energy provision and flexible bioenergy as a complement to vRES are the major findings of the investigated options in this thesis.:Table of Contents Abstract Zusammenfassung Acknowledgements List of Publications List of Acronyms Table of Contents I. Introductory chapters 1. Introduction 1.1. Background 1.2. vRES in energy scenarios 1.3. Technical developments and options for the integration of vRES 2. Research questions 3. Methods applied in this PhD thesis 4. Discussion and conclusion 4.1. Summary of the main findings 4.2. Transferability of results and methods 4.3. Relevance and outreach 5. Appendix 6. Literature 7. Appended publications and the individual contribution to the publications 8. Curriculum Vitae (deleted) 9. Selbstständigkeitserklärung
Ladwig, Theresa. "Demand Side Management in Deutschland zur Systemintegration erneuerbarer Energien." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31017.
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