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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Modélisation des océans"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Modélisation des océans"
Probst, J. L., Wolfgang Ludwig, and Philippe Amiotte Suchet. "Global modeling of CO2 uptake by continental erosion and of carbon river transport to the oceans. / Modélisation à l'échelle globale des flux de CO2 consommé par l'érosion continentale et des transports fluviaux de carbone vers les océans." Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin 50, no. 1 (1997): 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sgeol.1997.1950.
Повний текст джерелаOcchietti, Serge. "Dynamique de l’Inlandsis laurentidien du Sangamonien à l’Holocène." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41, no. 2 (January 15, 2008): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032685ar.
Повний текст джерелаSaucier, François J., François Roy, Simon Senneville, Gregory Smith, Denis Lefaivre, Bruno Zakardjian, and Jean-François Dumais. "Modélisation de la circulation dans l’estuaire et le golfe du Saint-Laurent en réponse aux variations du débit d’eau douce et des vents." 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2009): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037480ar.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Modélisation des océans"
Geri, Paul. "Modélisation de l'acidification de l'océan." Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1249.
Повний текст джерелаHassoun, Abed El Rahman. "Analyse et modélisation de l'acidification en mer Méditerranée." Perpignan, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01083406.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to contribute in the estimation of the anthropogenic CO2 concentrations (CANT) and the acidification in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as to predict the future acidification variations. Firstly, it is necessary to study the distribution of the hydrological (Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, apparent oxygen utilization) and the carbonate system (total alkalinity, total inorganic carbon) parameters based on the MedSeA cruise data, collected between the 2nd of May and the 2nd of June 2013. Then, the water masses have been characterized and linear regressions between the salinity and the carbonate system parameters (AT and CT) have been established for every single Mediterranean sub-basin, at all depths. Moreover, the calculation of water masses mixing coefficients in the two main basins of the Mediterranean Sea, allowed to study the evolution of its water masses between 2008 and 2013. Afterwards, the concentrations of the CANT were estimated via TrOCA approach. All Mediterranean waters are contaminated by the CANT with concentrations (between 35. 2 and 101. 9 µmol kg-1, below 300 m) pretty higher than those recorded for other oceanic areas. This fact indicates that the CANT is, unfortunately, efficiently transferred from the atmosphere to the Mediterranean waters. In general, the Oriental basin is less contaminated by the CANT than the Occidental one. In addition, the acidification variation (ΔpHpreindustriel-2013) in the Mediterranean Sea varies from 0. 055 to 0. 156 unity of pH. It shows that all the Mediterranean waters are already acidified, particularly those of the Occidental basin where the ΔpH is rarely below 0. 1 unity of pH. Based on the most optimistic IPCC scenario (B1, 2001), the established model in this study predicts an acidification increase of 0. 5263 and 0. 5571 for the Oriental and Occidental basins respectively by 2100. Whereas, it forecasts, with the most pessimistic IPCC scenario (A1F1 ; 2001), a ΔpH increase of 1. 3998 and 1. 4103 in the Oriental and Occidental sub-basins respectively, at the end of this century. Furthermore, this model indicates that the actual acidification level is very fast and it tends to increase more dramatically in the near future (few years). Although both Mediterranean basins are oversaturated with respect to calcite and aragonite, the Occidental basin is characterized by lower carbonate concentrations and saturation levels than the other basin. This observation demonstrates that at long time scale, the pH decrease may influence the carbonate ions dissolution and thus, the biological activity of many marine organisms, especially the calcareous ones
Tandeo, Pierre. "MODÉLISATION SPATIO-TEMPORELLE D'UNE VARIABLE QUANTITATIVE À PARTIR DE DONNÉES MULTI-SOURCES APPLICATION À LA TEMPÉRATURE DE SURFACE DES OCÉANS." Phd thesis, Agrocampus - Ecole nationale supérieure d'agronomie de rennes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582679.
Повний текст джерелаTandeo, Pierre. "Modélisation spatio-temporelle d’une variable quantitative à partir de données multi-sources : Application à la température de surface des océans." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582679.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, an important oceanographic variable for the monitoring of the climate is studied: the sea surface temperature. At the global level, this variable is observed along the ocean by several remote sensed sources. In order to treat all this information, statistical methods are used to summarize our variable of interest in global daily map. For that purpose, a state-space linear model with Gaussian error is suggested. We begin to introduce this model on data resulting from having an irregular sampling. Then, we work on the estimation of the parameters. This is based on the combination of the method of moments and the maximum likelihood estimates, with the study of the EM algorithm and the Kalman recursions. Finally, this methodology is applied to estimate the variance of errors and the temporal correlation parameter to the Atlantic ocean. We add the spatial component and propose a separable second order structure, based on the product of a temporal covariance and a spatial anisotropic covariance. According to usual geostatistical methods, the parameters of this covariance are estimated on the Atlantic ocean and form a relevant atlas for the oceanographers. Finally, we show that the contribution of the spatial information increases the predictive behaviour of the model
Bouttes, Nathaëlle. "L’évolution du cycle du carbone au cours du Quaternaire." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066376.
Повний текст джерелаLambert, Sebastien. "Analyse et modélisation de haute précision pour l'orientation de la Terre." Phd thesis, Observatoire de Paris, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008856.
Повний текст джерелаTucciarone, Francesco. "Stochastic parametrization of ocean models through high resolution observations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS010.
Повний текст джерелаThe global climate is strongly dependent on the global Ocean state. Numerical simulation remains the only way to forecast the Ocean-Atmosphere system and assess future states to make reliable meteorological and climatological hazard forecasts. The primary tool for the investigation of the Ocean and the Atmosphere are large-scale simulations, while high resolution simulations remains confined to small geographical domains or short integration periods. The complex interdependence of mesoscale and submesoscale dynamics is, however, lost in simulations that do not resolve scales below the Rossby radius of deformation, and thus must be parametrized. Most of the challenges of fluid dynamics (in all its connotations) arise from the representation of these effects with an efficient closure scheme. A novel research trend involves incorporating perturbations and noise components into the dynamics. The goal is to enrich the variability and parametrize subgrid processes, turbulence, boundary value uncertainty and account for numerical and discretizarion errors
Merino, Nacho. "Interactions calotte polaire/océan : vers la mise en place d'une modélisation couplée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU051/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe next generation of climate models will include an ice-sheet model in order to improve the ice sheet mass balance projections by accounting for the ice dynamics and ice-oceans interactions. On the one hand, the Southern Ocean (SO) is indeed driving the acceleration of the Antarctic outlet glaciers via an increase in the basal melting of the ice shelves. On the other hand, the increasing ice discharge from Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) contributes to the current sea level rise and is likely to become the largest cryospheric contributor to sea level rise by the end of the current century. In addition, the related freshening may have significant implications on future sea-ice cover and on bottom water formation. However, it is not clear yet how the ocean and ice-sheet components of future coupled systems will account for the ice-ocean interactions, which are both causes and consequences of the AIS mass imbalance. Here in this work, different aspects of the standalone ocean and ice-sheet components have been investigated. A first step of this thesis has been focused in the representation of the glacial freshwater fluxes in current ocean models. Based on recent glaciological estimates, the ice shelf basal melting fluxes have been spatially distributed in an ORCA025 grid, and the calving rates have been applied into an improved version of the NEMO-ICB iceberg model. This preliminary study has been used to produce a monthly iceberg meltwater climatology, to be used to force current ocean models. This work shows the importance of representing the iceberg meltwater fluxes when modeling sea ice, which can be inexpensively achieve by using our climatology. The improvements in the representation of the glacial freshwater fluxes have been considered in the study of the ocean model response to the Antarctic mass imbalance. This study considers a realistic perturbation in the glacial freshwater forcing as close as possible as it will be represented in future ice-sheet/ocean models. According to our results, up to 50% of the recent Antarctic sea ice volume changes might be caused by the observed decadal AIS mass imbalance rate. Glacial freshwater forcing appears to be crucial to correctly represent the ice-ocean interactions and projecting sea ice cover of future coupled systems. However, the estimation of the glacial freshwater input in future climate models will be strongly dependent upon the capacity of ice-sheet models to reproduce the grounding line migrations of marine ice sheet glaciers. Current ice-sheet models present large uncertainties related to different parametrizations. In the context of the future climate models, we have studied the sensitivity of ocean-driven grounding line retreats to the application of two different friction laws and two different englacial stress approximations. The model responses almost indistinctively to either the SSA or the SSA* englacial stress approximations. However, differences in the contribution of the glacier to the sea level rise can be up to 50% depending on the friction law considered. The more physically constrained Schoof friction law is significantly more reactive to the ocean perturbations than Weertman law and should be considered in future coupled systems. This work underlines that uncertainties related to the ice sheet model estimates of grounding line migrations may not only contribute to uncertainties in sea level projections, but also the sea ice cover through the ice-ocean interaction in future ocean models.This conclusion suggests the need for improving the representation of both the ice shelf basal melting and the glacier interaction with the bedrock, in order to improve the climate projections of future climate models, in which the spatial and seasonal distribution of the glacial freshwater fluxes may play an important role in setting the sea ice cover
Royer, Juliette. "Modélisation des stocks de céphalopodes de Manche." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2048.
Повний текст джерелаBrissaud, Quentin. "Modélisation numérique des ondes atmosphériques issues des couplages solide/océan/atmosphère et applications." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESAE0016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the wave propagation problem within the Earth-ocean-atmosphere coupled system. A good understanding of the these phenomena has a major importance for seismic and atmospheric explosion studies, especially for planetary missions. Atmospheric wave-forms generated by explosions or surface oscillations can bring valuable information about the source mechanism or the properties of the various propagation media. We develop two new numerical full-wave high-order modeling tools to model the propagation of acoustic and gravity waves in realistic atmospheres. The first one relies on a high-order staggered finite difference method and focus only on the atmosphere. It enables the simultaneous propagation of linear acoustic and gravity waves in stratified viscous and windy atmosphere. This method is validated against quasi-analytical solutions based on the dispersion equations for a stratified atmosphere. It has also been employed to investigate two cases : the atmospheric propagation generated by a meteor impact on Mars for the INSIGHT NASA mission and for the study of tsunami-induced acoutic and gravity waves following the 2004 Sumatra tsunami. The second numerical method resolves the non-linear acoustic and gravity wave propagation in a realistic atmosphere coupled, with topography, to the elastic wave propagation in a visco-elastic solid. This numerical tool relies on a discontinuous Galerkin method to solve the full Navier-Stokes equations in the fluid domain and a continuous Galerkin method to solve the elastodynamics equations in the solid domain. It is validated against analytical solutions and numerical results provided by the finite-difference method