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Статті в журналах з теми "Modélisation des écosystèmes"
Ben Letaifa, Soumaya, and Yves Rabeau. "Évolution des relations coopétitives et rationalités des acteurs dans les écosystèmes d'innovation." Management international 16, no. 2 (April 4, 2012): 57–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008708ar.
Повний текст джерелаMoukrim, Said, Said Lahssini, Nabil Rifai, Kamal Menzou, Hicham Mharzi-Alaoui, Adnane Labbaci, Mouhssine Rhazi, Imane Wahby Wahby, Mohammed El Madihi, and Laïla Rhazi. "Modélisation de la distribution potentielle de Cedrus atlantica Manetti au Maroc et impacts du changement climatique." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 344 (July 9, 2020): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2020.344.a31888.
Повний текст джерелаDaré, William’s, Christine Fourage, and Ibrahima Diop Gaye. "Positionnement des sociologues dans la démarche de modélisation Domino." Nouvelles perspectives en sciences sociales 2, no. 2 (April 16, 2009): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/602461ar.
Повний текст джерелаFonton, Noël Houédougbé, Charles Chaffra Yabi, Jean Zinsou Dah-Dovonon, Fortuné Kokou Adoko, and Titilayo Dotchamou. "Modélisation du volume du fût d'arbre pour une gestion durable des écosystèmes forestiers soudaniens." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 300, no. 300 (June 1, 2009): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2009.300.a20418.
Повний текст джерелаDoffou, Sopie Cybèle, Kouassi Kouadio, and Hyppolite N’Da Dibi. "Effets des variations climatiques à l’horizon 2050 sur la distribution phytogéographique de Tieghemella heckelii Pierre ex A. Chev. (Sapotaceae) en Côte d’Ivoire." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 23, 2021): 679–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i2.23.
Повний текст джерелаCourchesne, François, and William H. Hendershot. "La genèse des podzols." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 51, no. 2 (November 30, 2007): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/033121ar.
Повний текст джерелаFanget, B., O. Devos, and E. Naffrechoux. "Rôle des acides humiques dans le transfert du pyrène entre les minéraux argileux et l'eau." Revue des sciences de l'eau 15 (April 12, 2005): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705488ar.
Повний текст джерелаYao, Marcel Konan, Djedro Clément Akmel, Kouamé Lazare Akpetou, Albert Trokourey, Kouassi Benjamin Yao, and Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo. "Modélisation de l'évolution spatiotemporelle du phosphore minéral dans une baie lagunaire hypereutrophe tropicale : la baie lagunaire de Tiagba (Côte d'Ivoire)." Revue des sciences de l’eau 30, no. 3 (March 28, 2018): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1044250ar.
Повний текст джерелаSoto Molina, Victor Hugo, and Hugo Delgado Granados. "Estimación de la temperatura del aire en la alta montaña mexicana mediante un modelo de elevación del terreno: caso del volcán Nevado de Toluca (México) / Estimation of the air temperature in the Mexican high mountain environment by means of a model of elevation of the terrain, case of the Nevado de Toluca volcano (Mexico)." Ería 2, no. 2 (July 19, 2020): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/er.2.2020.167-182.
Повний текст джерелаSalençon, Marie-José, and Jean-Marc Thébault. "Démarche de modélisation d'un écosystème lacustre : application au Lac de Pareloup." Hydroécologie Appliquée 6 (1994): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/hydro:1994015.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Modélisation des écosystèmes"
Delogu, Elodie. "Modélisation de la respiration du sol dans les agro-écosystèmes." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00953712.
Повний текст джерелаDelogu, Émilie. "Modélisation de la respiration du sol dans les agro-écosystèmes." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2301/.
Повний текст джерелаAround 1/3 of the Earth land surface is used for croplands. Their role in the carbon cycle is a crucial issue for scientists today. In the context of global warming, understanding the factors influencing carbon fluxes of agricultural soils and their components is essential for implementing efficient mitigation practices. The CO2 produced at the soil surface results from several respiratory processes making the evaluation of the existing methods complicated. Understanding the soil respiration sources and their dynamics are crucial issues to estimate the potential for carbon sequestration into soils via efficient cultural practices. Because of its major role in carbon loss over croplands, soil respiration modeling received much attention to quantify the fluxes (empirical modeling), to highlight the lack of knowledge and to guide researches (mechanistic modeling). In this study, empirical and semi-mechanistic models were carried out depending on how precise, generic or real the model should be. Using abiotic and biotic factors was essential to properly model respiration among five sites with different soil and climate. The Rh sensitivity to Ts and ?s was adequate to obtain satisfying predictions over bare soils but the dependency of Rs on an indicator of the vegetation growth (GPP) was necessary to improve the predictions during crop periods. The empirical approach could not allow a good and reliable estimation of the contributions of the different components of Rs. Semi-mechanistic model was tested on 3 sites with various climatic and soil conditions. This approach allowed a good assessment on the heterotrophic and autotrophic contributions since it described more carefully the soil respiration and its underlying processes. Rh accounted for 63 % to 66 % of Rs for winter wheat culture whereas it accounted for 52 % to 56 % for a spring wheat rotation. Rs represented 33 % to 43 % of the total ecosystem respiration balance during winter wheat season and about 50 % for spring wheat. The semi-mechanistic model was developed to simulate the effects under different cultural practices as fertilization (manure) and tillage systems. It was concluded that carbon sequestration and carbon dioxide fluxes were more affected by soil organic matter inputs than by the tillage system itself
Moulin, Thibault. "Modélisation mathématique de la dynamique des communautés herbacées des écosystèmes prairiaux." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD075/document.
Повний текст джерелаDynamic modelling of ecological systems is an essential method to understand, predict and control thedynamics of semi-natural ecosystems, which involves complex processes. The main objective of this PhDthesis is to develop a simulation model of the medium- and long-term dynamics of the herbaceous vegetationin permanent grasslands, taking into account both biodiversity and productivity. Grasslandecosystems are often hot spots of biodiversity, which contributes to the temporal stability of their services.On an agricultural perspective, this important biodiversity contributes to the forage quality, andbesides, it induces a higher ability of the vegetation cover to resist to different climatic scenarios (globalwarming, heat and drought waves).However, this key aspect of biodiversity is only poorly included in grassland models : often absent ofmodelling or included in a very simple form. Building on those considerations, this PhD work exposes thewriting of a process-based succession model, described by a system of Ordinary Differential Equationsthat simulates the aboveground vegetation dynamics of a temperate grassland. This model implementedthe main ecological factors involved in growth and competition processes of herbaceous species, and couldbe adjust to any level of diversity, by varying the number and the identity of species in the initial plantcommunity. This formalism of mechanistic models allows us to analyse relationships that link diversity,productivity and stability, in response to different climatic conditions and agricultural management.In mathematical grassland models, plant communities may be represented by a various number of statevariables, describing biomass compartments of some dominant species or plant functional types. The sizeof the initial species pool could have consequences on the outcome of the simulated ecosystem dynamicsin terms of grassland productivity, diversity, and stability. This choice could also influence the modelsensitivity to forcing parameters. To address these issues, we developed a method, based on sensitivityanalysis tools, to compare behaviour of alternative versions of the model that only differ by the identityand number of state variables describing the green biomass, here plant species. This method shows aninnovative aspect, by performing this model sensitivity analysis by using multivariate regression trees. Weassessed and compared the sensitivity of each instance of the model to key forcing parameters for climate,soil fertility, and defoliation disturbances. We established that the sensitivity to forcing parameters ofcommunity structure and species evenness differed markedly among alternative models, according tothe diversity level. We show a progressive shift from high importance of soil fertility (fertilisation level,mineralization rate) to high importance of defoliation (mowing frequency, grazing intensity) as the sizeof the species pool increased.These results highlight the need to take into account the role of species diversity to explain the behaviourof grassland models. Besides, to properly take into account those interactions in the grassland cover, theconsidered species pool size considered in the model needs to be high enough. Finally, we compare modelsimulations of the aboveground vegetation to measures from two experimental sites, the mowing grasslandof Oensingen, and the grazing grassland of Laqueuille. Results of these comparison are promising andhighlight the relevance of the choice and the representation of the different ecological processes includedin this mechanistic model.Thus, this PhD work offers a model, perfectly fitting with current needs on grassland modelling, whichcontribute to a better understanding of the herbaceous vegetation dynamics and interactions betweenproductivity, diversity and stability
Dupont, Hélène. "Modélisation multi-agents d'un service ecosystémique : scénarios de systèmes d'equarrissage par des rapaces nécrophages." Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598563.
Повний текст джерелаHajji, Miled El. "Modélisation et analyse mathématiques pour les écosystèmes microbiens : approche par les systèmes dynamiques." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20117/document.
Повний текст джерелаCette thèse s'adresse au problèmes relié au modélisation mathématique en culture continue et culture batch. Nous proposons et étudions, dans une première étape, des modèles mathématiques de quelques processus biologique en culture continue (Chemostat) permettant d'expliquer et de prévoir la coexistence et la coexistence pratique. Dans une deuxième étape, une série d'expériences de laboratoire sont munies en culture batch, et un modèle mathématique tenant compte du recyclage de substrat est proposé, analysé et validé sur des donnés expérimentales en culture pure et mixte prouvant la validité de la principe d'exclusion compétitive en culture batch
Lehuger, Simon. "Modélisation des bilans de gaz à effet de serre des agro-écosystèmes en Europe." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00438077.
Повний текст джерелаGraux, Anne-Isabelle. "Modélisation des impacts du changement climatique sur les écosystèmes prairiaux. Voies d'adaptation des systèmes fourrragers." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653360.
Повний текст джерелаZhao, Yulong. "Modélisation qualitative des agro-écosystèmes et aide à leur gestion par utilisation d'outils de model-checking." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933443.
Повний текст джерелаBoulangeat, Isabelle. "Vulnérabilité des écosystèmes montagnards aux changements globaux par une modélisation spatialement explicite -implications pour la conservation." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768037.
Повний текст джерелаZhao, Yulong. "Modélisation qualitative des agro-écosystèmes et aide à leur gestion par utilisation d’outils de model-checking." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S008/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe modeling in the domain of agro-ecology is important since it helps us to better understand the interactiosn between the environment and the human activities. Some research works based on simulation has been carried out during the recent years. Mainwhile, not only these simulation tools are difficult to use by the non expert users, but also the high complexity of models makes interactive uses impossible. We propose an approch in which we represent the system to be studied in a discret event system formalism. This kind of representation benefits the efficiency of model-checking and makes it possible to use controller synthesis to generate strategies. We present two contributions in this thesis. The first one concerns the project EcoMata. This project proposes a qualitative modelling which represents a marine prey-predator type food chain in timed automata. Predifined query patterns in natural langurage are also proposed which allow users to investigate easiy the food chain. We have improved the efficiency of the algorithm of timed automata generation and also developped a strategy synthesis method to generate best fishing management strategy. The prototype software EcoMata implements all these propositions including the best strategy synthesis. In the second contribution, we propose a hybrid modelling which represents grazing activities in timed automata. This hybrid modelling combines a numerical grass model and a qualitative grazing model. These sub models are organized in a hierarchical struture of four layers: the biological layer, the activity layer, the decision layer and the clock. We propose four methods to generate best grazing management strategy. One of these methods is applied to the movement of herd. The other three methods are applied to fertilization among which one of them use controller synthesis on timed automata and the other two combine controller synthesis and machine learning to generate generic strategy for a exploitation type. A prototype software PaturMata has been developped which implements this modelling method and the generation of the best strategy of herd movement
Книги з теми "Modélisation des écosystèmes"
H, Boyd, and Service canadien de la faune., eds. Modélisation et gestion de la population d'oies des neiges. Ottawa, Ont: Service canadien de la faune, 2000.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Modélisation des écosystèmes"
"IV. Nécessite de recourir à des modélisations et à des observations." In Cycles biogéochimiques et écosystèmes continentaux, 319–86. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0102-2-013.
Повний текст джерела"IV. Nécessite de recourir à des modélisations et à des observations." In Cycles biogéochimiques et écosystèmes continentaux, 319–86. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0102-2.c013.
Повний текст джерела