Дисертації з теми "Modélisation de charge résidentielle"
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Grandjean, Arnaud. "Introduction de non linéarités et de non stationnarités dans les modèles de représentation de la demande électrique résidentielle." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00817969.
Повний текст джерелаPeigné, Pierre. "Modélisation dynamique de l'offre et de la demande énergétique des territoires ruraux : application au secteur résidentiel." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR1801/document.
Повний текст джерелаRural areas have the main resources of renewable energy in France. Energy networks are less dense there than in urban areas and some energy vectors, like gas, are often missing. However, as urban energy systems have been widely studied, the specificities of rural energy demand remain little-known, especially for the residential sector. Recent works highlight new challenges related to decentralization of the French energy system and the need for fine knowledge of demand and supply, on both spatial and time scales. This research work pursues two objectives. First, it commits to identify the specificities of rural housing energy consumption. Then, it aims at analyzing the potential response of local renewable energy sources to the residential demand in a mixed urban-rural territory, in a 100 % RES process – equilibrium between annual energy demand and supply on the territory
Akiri, Preston E. G. "Modélisation de la mobilité résidentielle : l'exemple du Havre." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUEL078.
Повний текст джерелаThis work concerns the study and the modelling of residential mobility through the application of an input-output model (markov chains) on the le havre housing market. It provides an evaluation of housing needs (demande) by giving the average number of moves that are made as a result of each dwelling that become available in the housing market. The model presented is thus seen as a tool that could help for decision-making (prevision, testing of hypotheses on demande and supply. And for the simulation of housing opportunities in the market)
Patin, Mathieu. "Étude des technologies de l'hydrogène-énergie appliquées aux bâtiments à faible impact carbone." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCD038.
Повний текст джерелаBuildings are one of the world's most energy-intensive sectors. Photovoltaic energy is widely used to generate low-carbon power for residential buildings. However, the time lag between photovoltaic production and housing demand leads to periods of overproduction. The present work seeks to estimate the potential of hydrogen systems to capture this surplus energy.To this end, a model capable of modeling consistent, continuous and varied electrical, thermal and photovoltaic load profiles is implemented, parameterized and improved. Based on this model, loads are generated for current and low-carbon (passive) housing. This program is coupled with a multi-energy system model capable of simulating the energetic and dynamic behavior of these components for several scales, architects and uses of hydrogen. The energy, economic and environmental (through life-cycle emissions) performances resulting from the modeling are used in an optimization to study the performance of each case study and the sizing trends of the multi-energies system.In our study, the results show that performance varies according to the criteria observed, the architecture studied and the energy mix of the network to which it is connected. When it comes to using the hydrogen produced to supply electricity and heat (power-to-power), the system stands out for the renewable energy it provides, but is not competitive in terms of cost and emissions with the French electricity grid. However, in terms of life-cycle emissions, the system is viable for most European energy mixes. For the production of hydrogen for sale (power-to-gas), the hydrogen produced is not economically competitive without financial support. However, in terms of life-cycle emissions, production can compete with various uses (transport, industry, etc.). Finally, when used as an energy source for heating, hydrogen needs to be highly decarbonized to compete with heat pumps
Homocianu, George Marius. "Modélisation de l’interaction transport-urbanisme : choix résidentiels des ménages dans l’aire urbaine de Lyon." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22001/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of the thesis is to propose a modeling of the residential behaviors of the households: the choice of change of residence (or removal), and the choice of the new location. This type of models aims at envisaging the probability that a household changes residence and its choice of new location, according to a certain number of explanatory variables. In our case, modeling is founded on the discrete choice theory (random utility approach). Research is based on the Lyons case, the model being built on the urban area of Lyon, on data of the year 1999. In terms of results, side of residential mobility, it should be retained that the variables which explain the variation of the degree of mobility (of the rate of removal) of the households are the age of head, the number of children and the statute of occupation of housing. With regard to the households location, the preferences of the households for a zone are related on the characteristics of those and particularly to accessibility on various opportunities and services, which confirms that among the factors which influence the location behavior of the households one finds accessibilities, and thus, the assumption of the existence of a relation between transport and land use. It was also found that the characteristics of the households like age of head, income or household size have an influence on their location choices. The study and the results of the models suggest that improvements and new directions of research are possible. Thus, on the side of residential mobility, there could be other variables which justify the housing change, like characteristics of the residence, residential environment or other characteristics of the households not observed. It would be also interesting to estimate the location model at a finer geographical level (îlot). Other alternatives of modeling of the residential decisions of the households would be to model a hierarchical structure of the choices, by a hierarchical or nested logit, or to model the life cycle, whit its components family, residential and professional, which are in interdependence (in condition of availability of necessary data)
Agbossou, Igor. "Modélisation et simulation multi-agents de la dynamique urbaine : application à la mobilité résidentielle." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924741.
Повний текст джерелаYoussoufi, Samy. "Satisfaction résidentielle et configurations spatiales en milieu périurbain." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903526.
Повний текст джерелаFreiré-Diaz, Sylviano. "Modélisation et système à base de connaissances : Application à la localisation résidentielle en région rouennaise." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUEL248.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to propose a new method improving models in geography. Noticing the rough character of their provided results and the important problems of their implementation (calibration, large parameters hardly justifiable on the geographic level, large options), the concepts from the artificial intelligence are proposed to use to get over the models problems by correcting them with a knowledges base. Starting from the concrete geographical problem posed by the determination of the people's place of residence toward their activity location, the phenomenon is tried to be understood using a reduced explanatory variables number. A simple model is proposed to allow the study of this location phenomenon and to highlight the non explained remnants with the model. A rules base is drawn up from the subject knowledges to create a knowledges base system. The system principle is since the geographical model is linked to the knowledges base which corrects the results. This interactive system has been developped for the windows environment. It includes a rules editor allowing their capture and a motor which allows their application. In a first step, this software gauges a populations theoretical distribution toward their activity place and then with the correction stage, a new distribution is obtained. The obtained results are displayed in the form of maps. The program's speed and flexibility of use allow to do a series of tests and to modify its results in accordance with the user's desires. These advantages make it a long-term and a decision help tool
Conrad, Joël. "Modélisation d'un transformateur de courant à charge variable." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0171.
Повний текст джерелаCurrent transformers are generally connected to small impedance. If it is not the case, the flux density and the magnetizing current are not negligIble. This report deals with this case. More over the current may he non sinusoidal and its mean value May he different than zero. To take account these specificity an anaIytical model is developed. In a first time the hehavior of the assembly (current transformer and its load) with sinusoidal currents is studied. An non linear, analytical, model is developed. The importance of the leakage flux is evaluated In a second time the model is extended to any type of current' s wave form. The frequency' s variations of the magnetic characteristic are taken into account In a third time the non linearity of the magnetic material is modelised At this time the hehavior of the transformer submitted to any type of current May he computed. This report is closed by a study of magnetic characterization using a non symmetrical current
Homocianu, Marius. "Modélisation de l'intéraction transport-urbanisme - Choix résidentiels des ménages dans l'aire urbaine de Lyon." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359302.
Повний текст джерелаEn termes de résultats, du côté de la mobilité résidentielle, il faut retenir que les variables qui expliquent la variation du degré de mobilité (du taux de déménagement) des ménages sont l'âge de la personne de référence du ménage, le nombre d'enfants et le statut d'occupation du logement. En ce qui concerne la localisation des ménages, les préférences des ménages pour une zone ou autre sont liées aux caractéristiques de celles-ci et notamment à l'accessibilité aux différentes opportunités et services, ce qui confirme que parmi les facteurs qui influencent le comportement de localisation des ménages on retrouve les accessibilités, et donc, l'hypothèse de l'existence d'un lien entre transports et urbanisme. On a également trouvé que les caractéristiques des ménages comme l'âge de la personne de référence, le revenu ou le nombre de personnes ont une influence sur leurs choix de localisation.
L'étude et les résultats des modèles suggèrent que des améliorations et nouvelles pistes de recherche sont possibles. Ainsi, du côté de la mobilité résidentielle, il pourrait y avoir d'autres variables qui motivent les ménages à changer de logement, comme des caractéristiques des logements, de l'environnement résidentiel ou d'autres caractéristiques des ménages non observées. Il serait aussi intéressant d'estimer le modèle de localisation a un niveau géographique encore plus fin (à l'îlot). D'autres alternatives de modélisation des décisions résidentielles des ménages seraient de modéliser une structure hiérarchisée des choix, par un modèle logit hiérarchique ou emboîté, ou bien de modéliser la trajectoire de vie, avec ses composantes familiale, résidentielle et professionnelle, qui sont en interdépendance (à condition de la disponibilité des données nécessaires).
Kalawoun, Jana. "Modélisation statistique de l’état de charge des batteries électriques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS148/document.
Повний текст джерелаElectric batteries are omnipresent in our daily lives: computers, smartphones, etc. Batteries are important for anticipating the scarcity of fossil fuels and tackling their environmental impact. Therefore, estimating the State of Charge (SoC) of a battery is nowadays a challenging issue, as existing physical and statistical models are not yet robust. Indeed a battery is a complex electrochemical system. Its dynamic depends not only on its internal characteristics but also on uncontrolled usage conditions: temperature, usage profile, etc. However the SoC estimation helps to prevent overcharge and deep discharge, and to estimate the battery autonomy. In this study, the battery dynamics are described by a set of physical linear equations, switching randomly according to a Markov chain. This model is referred to as switching Markov state space model. To ensure the unicity of the model parameters, we prove its identifiability by applying straightforward and natural constraints on its “physical” parameters. Embedded applications, like electric vehicles, impose online estimated with hardware and time constraints. Therefore we estimate the SoC using a sequential importance sampling technique. Furthermore the model includes two latent variables: the SoC and the Markov chain state. Thus, to estimate the parameters, we develop and test three algorithms adapted to latent structure models: particle Gibbs sampler, Monte Carlo EM penalized with identifiability constraints, and Monte Carlo EM penalized with a prior distribution. The hidden Markov states aim to model the different “regimes” of the battery dynamics. We identify their number using different model selection criteria. Finally, when applied to various data from three battery types (cell, module and pack of an electric vehicle) our model allows us to analyze the battery dynamics and to obtain a robust and accurate SoC estimation under uncontrolled usage conditions
Said, Imen. "Comportement des interfaces et modélisation des pieux sous charge axiale." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002359.
Повний текст джерелаKhaddour, Bassem. "Modélisation du champ électrique modifié par la charge d'espace injectée." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130130.
Повний текст джерелаNous utilisons la méthode des éléments finis MEF pour résoudre l'équation de Poisson et la méthode des caractéristiques MC pour résoudre l'équation de conservation de la charge. Les deux équations couplées sont résolues par approximations successives en redéfinissant le maillage structuré à chaque itération pour éliminer la diffusion numérique. La redéfinition du maillage structuré est la partie la plus importante du travail. L'algorithme converge bien pour différentes distributions de la charge définies sur la lame injectrice. Les solutions numériques obtenues pour une loi d'injection imposée sur la lame plate donnent des résultats en très bon accord avec les mesures de densité de courant sur l'électrode plane d'un dispositif lame-plan.
Mangiatordi, Giuseppe. "Modélisation du transfert de charge dans les piles à combustible." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833250.
Повний текст джерелаJacquin, Colin-Yann. "Modélisation et optimisation du comportement sous charge des engrenages face." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2001ISAL0045/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe potential applications of face gears begin to be a great interest for helicopter manufacturers. The objective of the European research program Facet, in which this thesis is includes, is to study the possibility of using face gears in helicopter transmissions. The work of this thesis consisted to simulate the behaviour of face gear in three steps: - analytical definition of the geometry, - analytical unloaded kinematics simulation to define the potential contact zone, - behaviour under load, using a contact model combined to a finite element computation in order to avoid neglecting the main aspects of the important deformations affecting the components in a high power transmission. The numerical and experimental validation has shown that this model was well adapted to the actual conditions of simulation and to the technological criteria of aeronautic. The study and comparison of both theoretical contact cases of face gears (point or line contact) has shown their respective interest. The extreme sensibility of the contact line to any misalignments, has forced to develop an optimisation process for the pinion tooth surface. This has allow to control the balance of the contact pattern and reduce the amplitude of the transmission error, whatever the mounting might be. Initial design of the gears has been considered within the study of the influence of the parameters on the geometry and the unloaded kinematics. The main role of the design parameters has been revealed with a particular use of a reduced statistical design method. A quick definition of the face gear is now possible with the development of an optimal design process
Icard, Yvan. "Engrenage spiro-conique : modélisation sous charge appliquée au domaine aéronautique." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAL0007.
Повний текст джерелаMaaraoui, Samer. "Étude et conception d'une pompe à chaleur résidentielle intégrant un stockage par chaleur latente." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0014/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe introduction of intermittent renewable energies, the implementation of a thermal regulation, which decreases heating needs of a factor between 5 and 10, causes a redesign of heating systems integrating energy efficiency and the cut-off of domestic equipments during peak hours. This thesis involves the study and design of a heat pump incorporating a latent thermal storage in its condenser. This storage will allow a cut-off during at least two hours. The heating needs of a low-energy consumption house (BBC) have been estimated as well as the heat amount to be stored so as to ensure such a cut-off. A study on the phase-change phenomenon and the PCM has been carried out in order to select suitable materials for this application. A dynamic model of the phase change was also developed. Four candidate materials were selected and analyzed by tuned Differential Scaning Calorimetry (DSC) with adjustment by the inverse method. Several storing-exchanger structures have been proposed, simulated, and optimized; two of them have been realized. Both heat exchangers have been tested alone and then integrated into a heat pump system. The final generation gave very promising results for the development of an efficient heat pump with storage. Finally, the heat storage effect has been evaluated in terms of energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. This heat pump presents potential improvement of the seasonal COP between 20% and 30% compared to air-to-water and air-to-air heat pumps because of the smart monitoring of the energy storage/delivery due to the heat pump operation during the most favorable hours of the day and by avoiding short cycles operation corresponding to low heating needs
Côté, Christine. "Modélisation et visualisation de la charge dans un broyeur à boulets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ53934.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWhitbeck, John. "Réseaux mobiles opportunistes : visualisation, modélisation et application aux transferts de charge." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066304.
Повний текст джерелаWireless communicating devices are everywhere and increasingly blend into our everyday lives, they form new opportunistic networks that allow data to flow across often unreliable, unorganized, and heterogeneous wireless networks. By developing new analysis techniques for temporal dynamic graphs, this thesis proposes and implements a strong use-case for opportunistic networks: data offloading. Analyzing real-life connectivity graphs is difficult. In this thesis, we develop the plausible mobility approach, which infers, from a given contact trace, a compatible node mobility. Furthermore, we define reachability graphs that capture space-time connectivity. When applied to common contact traces, they show that acceptable delivery ratios for point-to-point communications are often out of reach, regardless of the DTN routing protocol, but that the size of the space-time dominating set tends to be a small fraction of the total number of nodes. Accordingly, we show how opportunistic networks may be used to significantly offload broadcast traffic in situations were two radio technologies coexist, typically a pervasive, low-bitrate, and expensive radio, alongside a shorter-range, high-bitrate, and cheaper one. The latter forms the opportunistic network that is used for disseminating most of the content, whereas the former serves both as a control channel for monitoring and as a data channel for bridging the connectivity gaps in the opportunistic network. In this thesis we propose Push-and-Track, a mobility-agnostic framework that leverages an opportunistic network to reliably disseminate content to large numbers of mobile nodes, while minimizing the load on the pervasive radio
Delferrière, Olivier. "Modélisation et limites d'une source EBIS." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112015.
Повний текст джерелаHaj, Mahmoud Yanal. "Modélisation et évaluation de performances des systèmes de distribution de charge en environnements répartis." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066664.
Повний текст джерелаMarino, Alban. "Caractérisation et modélisation des pertes magnétiques d'une machine asynchrone fonctionnant en charge." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00408127.
Повний текст джерелаZouabi, Chaïma. "Dynamique d'un contact glissant rugueux-rugueux sous faible charge : expériences et modélisation." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC043/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the friction and dynamics of a sliding contact between two dry and rough surfaces subjected to a low normal load. The normal vibration and the resulting noise are associated with the excitation induced during slip by the random topographies of both solids. Experimental measurements of the vertical acceleration of a rough slider subjected to its own weight and steadily sliding on a rough plate enabled identification and characterization of a transition between two regimes: An uninterrupted contact regime at low speeds and a regime of jumps at higher speeds. For the latter, the dynamics are governed by many impacts between asperities that we have characterized statistically (number of shocks, duration between shocks, impact forces, etc.). These two regimes lead to distinct frictional behaviors. One of the originalities of this research was to confirm the scenarii suggested by the accelerometric measurements through high-frequency monitoring of the temporal evolution of the electrical contact resistance during sliding. By improving the temporal resolution of shocks, these measurements provide a dynamics picture of the problem of rough electrical contact. To interpret these experimental results, we have revisited the standard Bouncing Ball model. It describes a ball subjected to gravity, and bouncing on a table animated by a random vertical motion, representative of the stochastic excitation induced by the topographies of sliding surfaces. We improved the model by introducing a correlation time for the random excitation and showed its influence on the dynamics of the bounces. This correlation time is directly related to the correlation lengths of the surfaces in contact and to the sliding velocity. This revisited model enables a good prediction of the speed at which the transition between the two regimes is observed experimentally
Borghol, Saja. "Modélisation mathématique de la charge de surface des satellites en orbite basse." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10040/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work we are concerned with a mathematical study of the spacecraft charging phenomena of Low Earth Orbit (LEO).After recalling the physical context, we derive a two-fluid type model for the plasma around the spacecraft. Indeed in LEO, the plasma can be considered highly colisional compared with the case for example of Polar Earth Orbit (PEO). The model used here consist in the Euler equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and energy plus a Poisson equation for the electrostatic potentiel and is derived in the three dimensionnal case.For the mathematical study of the model, we concentrate our attention on the one dimensionnal case to point out the main difficulties.We first consider the stationnary Euler equations coupled to the Poisson equation. The charging dynamics is then embodied into the boundary conditions where the time derivative of the potentiel appears. We present rigourous existence and unicity results together with numerical simulations. Here we only use some Dirichlet boundary conditions for the macroscopic quantities. They can be far from the ones of physical interest wich we only know at a kinetic level.That's why we next propose a numerical solution to incorporate in the simulation of the evolutive Euler equations boundary condition that come from a microscopic modeling in the small mean free path regime. THe boundary condition relies on the analysis of boundary layers formation that accounts from the fact that the incoming kinetic flux might be far from the equilibrium
Lepoivre, Bertrand. "Modélisation hémodynamique du système cardio-vasculaire de l'homme sous facteur de charge." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR3301.
Повний текст джерелаRagot, Sébastien. "Matrices densité : modélisation des densités de charge et d'impulsion : prédiction des propriétés solides." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0709.
Повний текст джерелаIdil, Mouhoumed Elmi. "Étude des propriétés de charge et de transport de membranes de nanofiltration." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S007/document.
Повний текст джерелаToday, nanofiltration (NF) is acknowledged as an efficient and environmentally-friendly separation process suited to extract or to concentrate neutral or ionic solutes. However, its development at industrial scale is not yet optimal because separation mechanisms are still poorly understood. This thesis focused on studying surface charge properties of NF/RO membranes and transport mechanisms through NF membranes as well. Firstly it was shown through electrokinetic measurements performed under controlled atmosphere that some commercial membranes undergo a post-treatment to improve their filtration performance. Determining the zeta potential, a physical quantity representative of the membrane surface charge, was shown to be a reliable method to highlight the presence of a post-treatment layer on the membrane surface. The second part of the study dealt with the understanding of transport mechanisms involved in NF of ternary mixtures containing two different cations (Na+ and Ca2+) and a common anion (Cl-). Using the SEDE transport model it was shown that the performance of NF membranes results from the combination of steric, electric and dielectric effects. The last part of this work was concerned with nanofiltration of a food industry co-product, the fermented soy product (PFS). It was shown that NF is potentially suitable for PFS desalination (reduction in the monovalent cation concentration) without loss of the sugars of interest
Hascoat, Aurélien. "Étude et modélisation du vieillissement sous contraintes électrothermiques de l'isolant pour câble de transport d'énergie haute tension à courant continu." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT333/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present work concerns the study of the cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) used for high voltage direct current (HVDC) cable insulation. The electrical properties of XLPE have been widely studied under AC stress, however the behaviour of these materials under high DC stress is less known and needs thorough investigation. The insulation should be better understood in terms of dielectric behaviour and lifetime. A better knowledge of HVDC insulation could allow manufacturers, utilities and TSO’s to propose a relevant qualification processes and to ensure that cable systems will remain safe and operational during their entire lifetime.This work introduces HVDC cables and especially the physical and chemical stresses assumed by the cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation due to operational conditions. XLPE insulation is the result of the reticulation of low density polyethylene (LDPE), obtained with the decomposition of the cumyl peroxide. It causes the presence of byproducts in the insulation. The cables, degassed in order to extract these byproducts contains antioxidant agents, protecting the insulation during the production of HVDC cables and during the exploitation. The stresses can influence the insulation dielectric properties. As example, the presence of electric charges could influence the lifetime of the insulation.The injection/conduction, loss mechanisms, dielectric rigidity, space charge and chemical properties have been investigated at initial state. Under thermal and electric stresses, charges can reach the injection energy according with different mechanisms. Then, charges can be carrier to the opposite electrode with different mechanisms. Dominant mechanisms have been identified: Schottky injection and Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC) conduction, according with applied electric field. Concerning loss mechanisms, the low frequency mechanisms are nearly DC conduction at room temperature and DC conduction for higher temperatures. Moreover, the dielectric loss factor increases when temperature increases. The dielectric rigidity has been measured with Weibull’s law on a panel of 12 samples. The value of this property is 375 kV/mm, at room temperature. The space charges have been measured using the Thermal Step Method (TSM). These analyses show that two types of charge are present in the material (homocharge and heterocharge). This effect is influenced by temperature and electric field. The total electric field (addition of the applied electric field and electric field due to space charge) reaches until 100 kV/mm whereas 60 kV/mm is applied. Concerning the chemical properties of XLPE samples, the melting point has been measured at 103°C and the crystallinity is about 39 %. Before ageing stresses, the carbonyl index is worth 0.5 due to the slight presence of carbonyl bonds.The impact of a combined electric and thermal stress on dielectric properties is studied at 70, 80 and 90°C under 30 and 60 kV/mm. Increases of capacitance and loss factor possibly linked to the nearly total consumption of the antioxidant have been observed at 90°C for each electrical stress. Space charge analysis has shown significant variations. Differences have been observed as a function of ageing test temperature, applied electric field stress and ageing time. These results have been used to propose an ageing mechanism taking into account the development of space charges and based on the consumption of the antioxidant leading to the grow of an XLPE oxidised coat containing new carbonyl bonds as indicated by the carbonyl index after 857 days under stresses
Woinet, Rémy. "Modélisation et commande d'une colonne de distillation soumise à de fortes variations de charge." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO19003.
Повний текст джерелаMady, Franck. "Modélisation des phénomènes de transport et des effets de charge dans les matériaux isolants." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2026.
Повний текст джерелаThe fundamentals properties of insulating materials as well as their technological performances are strongly influenced by the electric charges they have stored. The charging-up of the insulator can be provoked by various stresses suffered by the sample. It is responsible for the appearance of an electric field which favours the aging and the breakdown of the material. The eradication of such undesirable effects requires a good understanding of the charging mechanisms
Belkhir, Samir. "Modélisation numérique d'un pieux charge latéralement avec prise en compte du cisaillement du sol." Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0002.
Повний текст джерелаBrunet, Antoine Pierre. "Modélisation multi-échelle de l’effet d’un générateur solaire sur la charge électrostatique d’un satellite." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESAE0042/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe numerical simulation of spacecraft charging can require to resolve widely different geometrical scales. In particular, solar array interconnects on the surface of solar panels have a major impact ona satellite electrostatic equilibrium. A classical model of this effect would require a mesh refined tosub-millimetre scales, on a spacecraft spanning several dozen metres, which would make the simulation computationally expensive. Moreover, the solar array interconnects can have a large positive potentialrelative to the space plasma, preventing the use of the classical Maxwell-Boltzmann model for theelectrons in the plasma. In a first part, we have developed an iterative patch method to solve thenonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation used in plasma simulations. This multigrid numerical scheme allows to resolve the impact of small-scale components on the surface of a complete spacecraft. In asecond part, we have developed a corrective scheme for the Maxwell-Boltzmann model to account for the presence of charged surfaces in the simulation. We have shown that this simple model is able to precisely compute the currents collected by the spacecraft surfaces
Dragan, Ioan Ciprian. "Modélisation du processus de charge et séparation tribo-aéro-électrostatique de matériaux plastiques granulaires." Poitiers, 2010. http://nuxeo.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/268269ee-b807-4cae-b8fd-ba4075a5c777.
Повний текст джерелаThe electrostatic separation processes are already used for the recycling of granular wastes, electrically charged in advance by the tribo-electric effect in vibratory-, rotating cylinder- or fluidized bed-devices. As the effectiveness of these devices is often limited by the electric charge accumulated during the pneumatic transport of materials to be separated; a study was conducted using the design of experiments methodology in order to identify the influential factors and to propose solutions for improvement. The efficiency of these devices is in many cases rather poor, because some particles do not reach the necessary charge to be separated in the electric field. An original method and equipment have been designed to overcome these drawbacks by simultaneously using of the triboelectric effect, the Coulomb force and the electric image force. Two fluidized bed devices were constructed in order to facilitate the understanding of physical bases of the new process and test its feasibility. Experiments on these devices showed that the efficiency of the charging process depends significantly on the speed of the fluidization air and the time spent by particles in the device. These studies validated most of the technical solutions to be applied in order to build an industrial tribo-aeroelectrostatic separator. The experimental results confirm simultaneous triboelectric charge in a fluidized bed and separation in a horizontal electrostatic field as an effective method of treatment for the granular wastes of electrical and electronic equipment
Armeanu, Dumitru Constantin. "Modélisation physique du stockage dans les nanocristaux de mémoires flash quantiques." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6144.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective is to refine the understanding of the phenomena of charge / discharge of a nanocrystal flash memory from the modeling of a single nanocrystal. This work is based on a previous model of a single isolated nanocrystal. First, an improvement of this model was carried out with a new modeling of the metal gate and the p-doped semiconducting channel in accumulation regime. The 3D continuum of energy is represented by a succession of 2D subbands selected to keep the density of states. Then, the goal was to include the electrostatic coupling between the nanocrystals. A method was developed to characterize the neighborhood of a particular nanocrystal in a disordered layer: the first neighbors of a nanocrystal are then generated in a realistic way. Next, a study of the electrostatic coupling from three-dimensional simulations between a nanocrystal of interest and the first neighbor nanocrystals was made: we can separate the influence of the dielectric neighborhood (nanocrystal empty) from the charged neighborhood (charged nanocrystals). For each influence, a method taking into account the first neighbor nanocrystals has been proposed, ensuring compatibility with the model of a single isolated nanocrystal. After validation of these two approaches, a model of a single nanocrystal taking into account the electrostatic influence of nearest neighbors has been developed
Watrin, Nicolas. "Modélisation multi-physique des batteries à base lithium et application à l'estimation de l'état de charge." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976586.
Повний текст джерелаBen, Ismail Ahmed. "Etude des effets transitoires de la compensation de charge d'espace sur la dynamique d'un faisceau intense." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112114.
Повний текст джерелаA main interest in the design of ion accelerators is the control of the dynamics of intense beams at low energy. This dynamics is dominated by nonlinear effects of the Space Charge (SC) field. This SC field induces a halo formation what can induce losses along the transport. Once ionized by the beam, the residual gas, diffused by the source and produced by the desorption of the vacuum chamber of the accelerator, contributes to the production of electrons and ions. According to their sign of charge compared to the beam, these particles will be repelled or confined. The accumulation of particles in the beam contributes to the compensation of the SC field. However, this neutralization induces others non linearity which are dependent on time. This thesis presents an experimental and theoretical work of the SC compensation for ion beams (H + and H -). The dynamics of these beams is modelled by a new PIC code, CARTAGO, ensuring the coupling between the created plasma and the studied beams. A single-particle study introduces the dynamics of the plasma in presence of the SC field and of an external magnetic field. The modelization of the compensation with the 1D version of CARTAGO code gave the establishment times and the compensation degrees for several cases of beams and various gas pressures. The compensation of a protons beam was studied more particularly in the low-energy line of the Injector of Protons of High Intensity (IPHI) at Saclay. Experimental confrontations of the 2D (r,z) modelization results in a part of this line are also detailed
Moine, Alexandre. "Modélisation de la demande de logements en zone frontalière : un outils d'aide à la décision appliqué au marché local de Morteau (Doubs)." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1037.
Повний текст джерелаIt's very difficult to understand the formation and anticipate the evolution of housing demand, especially in case of border zones. They depend on occupants mobility according to life cycle, housing strategy, income, socio-economic contexte, and disponibility of houses; and occur residential moves. In the case of local analysis, in morteau, near the swiss border, we compare the local market with a complex system where all the elements which explain occupant mobility are in interaction. Owing to an approach based on systemic method, and particulary on dynamic system according to JW. Forrester, we build a computer program in order to simulate demand evolution, and to identify the main causes which blocked the market in relation with the evolution of the number of frontier workers
Laville, Aurélien. "Modélisation géométrique et mécanique du complexe musculo-squelettique du rachis cervical sous facteur de charge." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00553250.
Повний текст джерелаPerrot, Grégory. "Modélisation du comportement des composites à matrice céramique auto-cicatrisante sous charge et atmosphère oxydante." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0442/document.
Повний текст джерелаSelf-Healing Ceramics Matrix Composites (HT-CMC) are developed since several years for theirapplication in aeronautic applications and are interesting for their good resistance to criticalenvironments. As part of a study program of the HT-CMC behavior and their damagemechanisms, the objective of this thesis is to build a multi-physics numerical model todetermine the lifetime of a sample such a material subjected to a mechanical stress in anoxidizing environment. The study focuses on the establishment of a coupling between twocomputer codes: a code of mechanical damage and a physical-chemical code that wasdeveloped during this thesis. In an unprecedented way, we place ourselves in the 2D geometryof a crack plane, starting from a detailed picture of the arrangement of the components (fiber,interphase, multi-layer matrix). The different parts of the code have been independentlyvalidated and the results of the complete calculation are presented and discussed
Gali, Sai Manoj. "Modélisation des relations structure / propriétés de transport de charge dans les matériaux pour l'électronique organique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0693/document.
Повний текст джерелаWith the advancement of technology, miniaturized electronic devices are progressively integrated into our everyday lives, generating concerns about cost, efficiency and environmental impact of electronic waste. Organic electronics offers a tangible solution paving the way for low-cost, flexible, transparent and environment friendly devices. However, improving the functionalities of organic (opto) electronic devices such as light emitting diodes and photovoltaics still poses technological challenges due to factors like low efficiencies, performance stability, flexibility etc. Although more and more organic materials are being developed to meet these challenges, one of the fundamental concerns still arises from the lack of established protocols that correlate the inherent properties of organic materials like the chemical structure, molecular conformation, supra-molecular arrangement to their resulting charge-transport characteristics.In this context, this thesis addresses the prediction of charge transport properties of organic semiconductors through theoretical and computational studies at the atomistic scale, developed along three main axes :(I) Structure-charge transport relationships of crystalline organic materials and the role of energetic fluctuations in amorphous polymeric organic semiconductors. Kinetic Monte-Carlo (KMC) studies employing the Marcus-Levich-Jortner rate formalism are performed on ten crystalline Group IV phthalocyanine derivatives and trends linking the crystalline arrangement to the anisotropic mobility of electrons and holes are obtained. Subsequently, KMC simulations based on the simpler Marcus formalism are performed on an amorphous semiconducting fluorene-triphenylamine (TFB) copolymer, to highlight the impact of energetic fluctuations on charge transport characteristics. A methodology is proposed to include these fluctuations towards providing a semi-quantitative estimate of charge-carrier mobilities at reduced computational cost.(II) Impact of a mechanical strain on the electronic and charge transport properties of crystalline organic materials. Crystalline rubrene and its polymorphs, as well as BTBT derivatives (well studied high mobility organic materials) are subjected to mechanical strain and their electronic response is analyzed. Employing tools like Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations and plane wave DFT (PW-DFT) calculations, unusual electro-mechanical coupling between different crystallographic axes is demonstrated, highlighting the role of inherent anisotropy that is present in the organic single crystals which translates in an anisotropy of their electro-mechanical coupling.(III) Protonation-dependent conformation of polyelectrolyte and its role in governing the conductivity of polymeric conducting complexes. Polymeric bis(sulfonyl)imide substituted polystyrenes are currently employed as counter-ions and dopants for conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), resulting in PEDOT-polyelectrolyte conducting complexes. Employing MD simulations and DFT calculations, inherent characteristics of the polyelectrolyte like its acid-base behavior, protonation state and conformation, are analyzed in conjunction with available experimental data and the role of these characteristics in modulating the conductivity of resulting PEDOT-polyelectrolyte conducting complexes is highlighted.The above studies, performed on different organic electronic systems, emphasize the importance of inherent characteristics of organic materials in governing the charge transport behavior in these materials. By considering the inherent characteristics of organic electronic materials and systematically incorporating them into simulation models, accuracy of simulation predictions can be greatly improved, thereby serving not only as a tool to design new, stable and high performance organic materials but also for optimizing device performances
Huraux, Thomas. "Simulation multi-agent d'un système complexe : combiner des domaines d'expertise par une approche multi-niveau. Le cas de la consommation électrique résidentielle." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066674/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to tackle a key problem in the study of complex systems when using multi-agent simulation: how to assemble several domains of expertise with a multi-level approach. While existing approaches usually consider the viewpoint of a unique main expert, we propose to use a multi-level model to integrate the multiple domains of expertise embodied in agents located at different abstraction levels. In this work, we show that it is possible to both stay close to the concepts manipulated by the experts (for the sake of the validation process in the domain of each expert) and combine the levels of those concepts. That way, each expert can easily understand the dynamics of the components related to their domain.We present SIMLAB, our meta-model based on a unified representation of the concepts using agents. Each agent can influence the others on different axes and levels. This work is materialised in a study of human activity in relation to electrical consumption. It is a typical example of complex system which requires many domains of expertise such as psychology, energetics, sociology, heat science, … In this context, we present the implementation of our approach in SMACH, a simulation platform of human behaviours. We Then describe several experiments to illustrate the characteristics of our approach. Finally, we show how SIMLAB can reproduce and extend in silico a field study of energy demand management
Coulibaly, Daouda. "Performances d’évaporateurs à tubes coaxiaux, de types lisses ou corrugués : Etude expérimentale et modélisation." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0054.
Повний текст джерелаHeat transfer performance can be improved by increasing fluids velocity or by using enhanced surface. Two evaporators, both with smooth tubes and a corrugated tube evaporator are tested in order to compare their performances. They are double-pipe beat exchangers with 9 smooth tubes (length = 7m) or corrugated tubes (length = 5 m). The refrigerant is R22 inside the tubes and the coolant is water in counterflow outside the tubes bundle. A same capacity ( 10 to 16 kW) was measured on the three evaporators in the range of water flow rate from 2 to 3 m3Jh at constant inlet temperature (7 to 15°C). As one of the smooth tube evaporators has devices outside tubes to ensure a constant pitch along the tubes bundle, the tube distribution, in square pitch, is not an important parameter to take account in our study. Otherwise, the enhancement is more significant for corrugated tubes, as the heat transfer surface is reduced to 76% the surface of smooth tubes. However, this enhancement of heat transfer increases pressure drop, but Jess than the 0,5 bar admissible limit on water in nominal conditions. The mean pressure drop on R22 is 0,2 bar inside the smooth tubes and 0,35 bar inside the corrugated tubes. By using our experimental data and correlations from literature, a mode! has been established for designing double-pipe heat exchangers with smooth or corrugated tubes allows to calculate the minimum heat transfer surface by varying the number of tubes for imposed operating conditions
Heitz, Jérôme. "Etude, modélisation et conception d'un multicapteur chimique à base de CNTFET." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD031/document.
Повний текст джерелаFor the last few years, improvised peroxide based explosives are frequently used in acts of terrorism. Their simple design does not make them less threatening than those based on TNT because they are equally as powerful as those based on TNT (trinitrotoluene). In view of the major issues of the overall safety and, in particular, the citizens' protection, it becomes necessary to enjoy reliable detection instruments. Such is the background of this PhD work which aims to develop a built-in sensor,sensitive and selective to traces of explosives, especially those based on peroxide. This electronic nose is made up of a network of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFET), and data processing hardware. After a brief introduction relating to CNTFETs for gaseous detection, we will provide the basis for the elaboration of an electronic modeling of the sensor. This modeling aims, at the end, to allow designers of integrated circuits to benefit from a simulation support of CNTFETs, required to the implementation of control and signal conditioning electronics. We will also detail what are the fundamental steps mandatory before the development of a predictive compact model based on physics, which means the topological understanding of the nanotubes network. Then, we will describe different probabilities of contacts between nanotubes. Later, we will introduce the elaboration of the electronics allowing the control of the voltages applied to the CNTFETs and the electrical signals conditioning. The objective of this conditioning is to carry electrical responses from the sensor to data processing architectures used for the detection of the different target gasses. High Voltage CMOS integrated electronics are powered by low-voltage batteries. Charge pumps and voltage boosters which generate these high voltages, have been investigated, modeled and carried out. We also provide in this dissertation a new charge pump architecture which offers, in some ranges of application, an interesting alternative to the most efficient charge pumps used until now
Briot, Roland. "Caractérisation des matériaux piézoélectriques : Modélisation des pertes aux joints de grains et aux parois de domaines." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0014.
Повний текст джерелаThe ferroclectric ceramics are so far used in piezoelectric industrial applications w ith electromechanical energy conversion such as sonars or high power transducers. These applications involve new materials with very high electromechanical coupling factor and very weak mechanical and dielectric losses under low or high electric field level. These new compositions require dynamic characterization for any mechanical quality factor and need a better description of lasses in the material. A new dynamic method for the characterization of materials with high losses is proposed in order to calculate with accuracy the parameters of equivalent electrical circuit. The one dimensional models generally used ignore the polycristalline structure of ceramics. We propose a new model in order to better explain the experimental frequency dependence of conductance, mechanical and dielectric lasses. This new model permits us to describe the rôle of grain, grain boundary and domain wall on elastic losses in piezoceramics. An analysis of the effect of:manganese addition has been achieved by using this model. Equivalent resistivities of grain, grain boundary and domain wall are calculated versus the amount of manganese. The increase of the percentage of manganese leads to an improvement of the grain and grain boundary electromechanical properties, afterwards an excess of manganese damage grain properties. The present mode! ex plains the losses in materials and describes the role of a substitution on the electromechanical properties of piezoceramics. The method is based on eas electrical measurements
Voufack, Ariste Bolivard. "Modélisation multi-technique de la densité électronique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0168/document.
Повний текст джерелаX-ray and neutron diffraction methods can be combined to determine simultaneously electron charge and spin densities in crystals based on spin resolved electron density model developed at CRM2. This method enables to carry out the study of interaction paths leading to the observed ferromagnetic order. First applications of this model were to coordination complexes, where the unpaired electron is mainly located on the transition metal, then generalized to explore organic radicals and to inorganic materials. In radical Nit(SMe)Ph, the modeling of the experimental charge and spin densities showed localization of spin density on O-N-C-N-O group (nitronyl -nitroxyde function), in agreement with previous works. It is also evidenced the involvement of the hydrogen bonds in the magnetic interactions leading to the ferromagnetic transition at very low temperature (0.6K). This study revealed dissymmetrical spin population of the two N-O groups that only CASSCF-type calculations can reproduce in amplitude (not DFT). This dissymmetry originates from both molecular and crystal effects. In radical p-O2NC6F4CNSSN belonging to the family of dithiadiazolyl, the joint refinement showed that the majority of the spin is distributed on -CNSSN group in agreement with the previous works. From topological properties of the charge density, halogen, chalcogen and π interactions have been highlighted. The most important magnetic interactions are observed through the network formed by contacts S ... N2 between neighboring molecules leading to the ferromagnetic order below 1.23K. Concerning the inorganic material, YTiO3, the charge densities in both paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases and spin density were modelled. The results show that the most populated d orbitals of Ti atom are dxz and dyz. The orbital ordering evidenced in this material is observed at 100 and 20 K due to the orthorhombic distorsion. The wave function of the unpaired electron is a linear combination of these particularly populated t2g orbitals
Mura, Arnaud. "Contribution à la modélisation de la combustion turbulente inhomogène dans les moteurs IDE à charge stratifiée." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22091.
Повний текст джерелаMa, Lin. "Modélisation et simulation des effets non linéaires et multidimensionnels d'un moteur thermoacoustique : influence d'une charge résistive." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066430/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this thesis concerns the numerical simulation of the starting phase and saturation regime of a thermoacoustic engine equipped with a resistive load. A hybrid model is used: the flow in the active cell, described by two-dimensional nonlinear equations, is coupled to a one-dimensional linear acoustics model in the resonator, using matched asymptotic expansions in the low Mach number limit. Unstable acoustic modes develop spontaneously in the system. The computed acoustic pressure signal in the active cell is analyzed in order to extract the growth rate and frequency of the dominant modes. Therefore the critical hot exchanger temperature and frequency of the associated mode allowing the engine to start can be determined. Those critical parameters are characterized for all possible values of the resistive load. The effects of physical parameters such as mean pressure or of geometrical parameters of the active cell are also investigated. Results are found in agreement with linear theory and with experimental results from the literature. In some instances, the hybrid model enables to carry the simulations up to the periodic regime, which represents tens of thousands of acoustic periods. Finally, two simulations of the periodic regime are detailed in order to analyze flow dynamics (vortex formation) in the vicinity of the stack plate/heat exchanger extremities, for small and large drive ratio
Daviau-Desnoyers, Dominic. "Caractérisation et modélisation de l’évolution de la fissuration des bétons renforcés de fibres sous charge soutenue." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1048/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe growing interest of researchers and of the construction industry demonstrates the enormous potential that steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) may bring to reinforced concrete structures. In order to address modern durability concerns, it is necessary to control and anticipate cracking problems. This thesis aims to identify the thriving mechanisms of crack propagation under sustained loading, and simulate these mechanisms using a finite element approach. Three experimental programs were conducted on different SFRC specimen sizes: beams of 0.7 m; four beams of 4 m, one reinforced with steel fibres only, one with traditional reinforcement, one with bonded strands and one with unbonded strands; and one beam of 8 m. The results are used to compare the evolution of the global behaviour (deflection, compliance, etc.) and the local behaviour (crack openings, number of cracks, etc.) for three beam sizes and reinforcement conditions.For the small beams, the results show that crack propagation governs the failure of SFRC beams submitted to high sustained loadings and that an exponential relation exists between the secondary deflection and CMOD rates per unit load and sustained load levels greater than 60%, suggesting that the creep mechanism is the same regardless of the global or local scale of observation.For the 4 meters beams, the results show that the thriving mechanism of creep, resulting in the evolution of the compliance, and thus the evolution of the damage state under sustained loading, is the same for all beams, regardless of the reinforcement type. Moreover, the contribution of the reinforcement influences the secondary creep deflection rates once the efficiency of the bridging effect of fibres decreases. A greater contribution of the reinforcement leads to a lower secondary creep deflection rate.Finally, the prediction of the evolution of cracking in time in order to increase the lifetime of structures is an advantageous and promising perspective that only numerical models consistent with the cracking mechanisms of SFRC may offer. To this end, a numerical model is proposed to analyze the evolution of cracking of SFRC under high sustained loadings. This model is based on a probabilistic discrete cracking approach. The model takes into account the heterogeneity of the material in the cracking process, thus taking into account scale effects. The model is validated using the experimental results
Amiaud, Anne-Charlotte. "Modélisation du transport électronique et de l'accumulation de la charge dans les isolants en couches minces." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS004/document.
Повний текст джерелаDielectric materials can be found in numerous devices in microelectronics. They can be subjected to significant electrical stress, which impacts their lifetime. Indeed, this electrical stress can lead to dielectric breakdown or modify the component performances by charge storage. In this work, several characterization methods and physical analysis have been used in order to study the samples and identify mechanisms involved in charge transport in silicon nitride thin films. Then a simulation code has been developed to model charge transport phenomena in insulators. This model takes into account tunnel and thermal effects in the dielectric and at the dielectric-metal interfaces. The temporal and spatial evolution of physical quantities (currents, charge, electric field) in the dielectric film are calculated. Measurement results on capacitive components can be obtained thanks to simulations. This simulation tool allows testing dielectric materials according to capacitive component reliability. It may be used to define optimal properties for materials depending on applications or to assist in device design in microelectronics
Chanrion, Olivier. "Simulation de l'influence de la propulsion plasmique sur la charge électrostatique d'un satellite en milieu magnétosphérique." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENPC0022.
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