Дисертації з теми "Modèles matriciels"
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Fevrier, Maxime. "Liberté infinitésimale et modèles matriciels déformés." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00567800.
Повний текст джерелаFévrier, Maxime. "Liberté infinitésimale et modèles matriciels déformés." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1252/.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is about Random Matrix Theory and Free Probability whose strong relation is known since the early nineties. The results mainly organize in two parts : one on infinitesimal freeness, the other on deformed matrix models. More precisely, a combinatorial theory of first order infinitesimal freeness, as introduced by Belinschi and Shlyakhtenko, is developed and generalized to higher order. We give a simple and general framework and we introduce infinitesimal non-crossing cumulant functionals, providing a characterization of infinitesimal freeness. The emphasis is put on combinatorics and on the essentially differential ideas underlying this notion. The second part carries further the study of deformations of matrix models, which has been a very active field of research these past years. The results we present are original in the sense they deal with non-necessarily finite rank deterministic Hermitian perturbations of Wigner and Wishart matrices. Moreover, these results shed light on the link between convergence of eigenvalues of deformed matrix models and free probability, particularly the subordination phenomenon related to free convolution. This link gives an illustration of the power of free probability ideas in random matrix problems
Robert, Christian P. "Résultats nouveaux sur les estimateurs à rétrecisseurs scalaires et matriciels." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES029.
Повний текст джерелаAhdida, Abdelkoddousse. "Processus matriciels : simulation et modélisation de la dépendance en finance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1154/document.
Повний текст джерелаAfter a short introduction (in French) to the multi dimensional modelling for index pricing problems, the first part of the thesis treats the simulation of stochastic differential equations defined on the cone of symmetric positive semi-definite matrices. Indeed, we present several second order discretization schemes associated to a general class of affine processes defined on $posm.$ We study also their weak convergence. We pay a special attention to Wishart processes, which are considered as a particular case of this class and have been frequently used in finance. In this case, we give an exact scheme and a third order discretization one. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first exact sampling of the Wishart distribution without any restrictions on its parameters. Some algorithm are proposed in order to enhance all scheme in term of computation of time. We show numerical illustrations of our convergence and compare it to the theoretical rate. We then focus on other type of processes defined on the correlation matrix space. For this purposes, We propose a new stochastic differential equation defined on $crr.$ We prove the weak and the strong existence of such solutions. These processes are considered as the extension of Wright-Fisher processes (or Jacobi process) on correlation matrices. We shed light on a useful connection with Wishart processes and Wright-Fisher multi-allèles. Moreover, we explicitly present their moments, which enable us to describe the ergodic limit. Other results about Girsanov representations are also given. Finally, in order to use these processes in practice, we propose second order discretization schemes based on two different methods. Numerical experiments are presented to show the convergence. The last part is devoted to multi dimension modelling in finance for baskets and indices pricing. After giving a mathematical analysis of models defined either by the correlation matrix or in the positive semi-definite semi positive one, we ask if we find the adequate structure of correlation models which is able to calibrate both the index options market and the single options market related to each component of this index. For this purpose, we propose two types of modelling, the first uses a local model correlation and the second derives from a pure stochastic correlation model. Moreover, we explain different routines that have been used for improved calibration
François, Bruno. "Formalisme de modélisation et de synthèse des commandes appliqué aux convertisseurs statiques à structure matricielle." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10009.
Повний текст джерелаMitsios, Dimitrios. "New relations for correlators and intersection numbers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP158.
Повний текст джерелаCorrelation functions are central objects in Physics and Mathematics. We define them in the context of integrable systems using determinantal formulas and explore their properties and applications on intersection theory in the moduli space of curves. Moreover, we present the relation between topological recursion, integrable systems and matrix models. This thesis comprises two articles and code implementation. The first article presents a method for deriving differential equations and recurrence relations for correlation functions in integrable systems and random matrices, allowing for the construction of coefficients that are rational functions. The second article introduces a new formula for intersection numbers of psi classes over the moduli space of curves, solving a conjecture from previous work. Python implementation for computing the following integrals over the moduli space of curves: simple and triple Hodge integrals with or without theta classes. We begin by introducing random matrix theory from a historical perspective
Vermeiren, Laurent. "Proposition de lois de commande pour la stabilisation de modèles flous." Valenciennes, 1998. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a005c251-ed19-4404-bbe5-cce9091ff922.
Повний текст джерелаMorère, Yann. "Mise en oeuvre de lois de commande pour les modèles flous de type Takagi-Sugeno." Valenciennes, 2001. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/606b1a0a-cd9b-40f2-8292-bf560ea0af7c.
Повний текст джерелаCoste, Christophe. "The costs of reproduction in evolutionary demography : an application of Multitrait Population Projection Matrix models." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC259/document.
Повний текст джерелаCosts of reproduction are pervasive in life history theory. Through this constraint, the reproductive effort of an organism at a given time negatively affects its later survival and fertility. For life historians, they correspond mostly to a physiological trade-off that stems from an allocative process, occurring at each time-step, at the level of the individual. For evolutionary demographers, they are essentially about genetic trade-offs, arising from a genetic variance in a pleiotropic gene acting antagonistically on early-age and late-age fitness components. The study, from an evolutionary demographic standpoint, of these mechanisms and of the relative, cross and joint effects of physiological and genetic costs, is the aim of this thesis. The close examination of Williams (1966)’s original definition of the physiological costs of reproduction led us to produce a theoretical design of their apparatus that accounts for both their mechanistic and evolutionary mechanisms. This design allowed us to make predictions with regards to the strength of costs of reproduction for various positions of organisms on three life-history spectra: slow-fast, income-capital breeders and quality-quantity. From Stearns (1989b)’s tryptic architecture of life history trade-offs –that divides their structure into the genotypic level, the intermediate structure and the phenotypic level – we devised a general framework, which models the possible cohabitation of both physiological and genetic costs. From this, we inferred differing detectability patterns of both types of costs according to the environmental conditions, their variance and individual stochasticity. We could also establish that both costs buffer environmental variations, but with varying time windows of effect. Their dissimilarity emerges also from the differences between mathematical projection models specific to each cost. A new family of evolutionary models is therefore required to implement both physiological and genetic trade-offs. We then describe the vector-based construction method for such a model which we call Multitrait Population Projection Matrix (MPPM) and which allows incorporating both types of costs by embedding them as traits into the matrix. We extend the classical sensitivity analysis techniques of evolutionary demography to MPPMs. Most importantly, we present a new analysis tool for both life history and evolutionary demography: the Trait Level Analysis. It consists in comparing pairs of models that share the same asymptotic properties. Such ergodic equivalent matrices are produced by folding, an operation that consists in reducing the number of traits of a multi-trait model, by averaging transitions for the traits folded upon, whilst still preserving the asymptotic flows. The Trait Level Analysis therefore allows, for example, to measure the evolutionary importance of costs of reproduction by comparing models incorporating them with folded versions of these models from which the costs are absent. Using classical and new methods to compute fitness moments – selection gradient, variance in reproductive success, environmental variance - in models with and without the costs, we can show their effects on various demographic and evolutionary measures. We reveal, in this way, the combined effects of genetic and physiological costs on the vital rates of an age-structured population. We also demonstrate how physiological costs affect both components of effective selection, as they flatten the slope of selection gradients and increase the effective size of a population. Finally, we show how their buffering of environmental and demographic variance confer greater resilience to populations experiencing physiological costs of reproduction
Benoit, de Coignac Amélie. "Clonage et caractérisation de nouvelles métalloprotéases matricielles." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20183.
Повний текст джерелаBlanco, Yann. "Stabilisation des modèles Takagi-Sugeno et leur usage pour la commande des systèmes non linéaires." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-237.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAbarri, Lahcen. "Justice et discrimination en milieu organisationnel : proposition d’un modèle matriciel de pérennisation des hiérarchies sociales." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100144.
Повний текст джерелаThis research is in line with the studies of social psychology of work dedicated to the understanding of individuals' organizational behavior through the prism of justice and discrimination. In the first instance, we were interested in the organizational practices related to the distributive justice. In the second part, to the individual and interpersonal psychosocial mechanisms which generate discrimination. Finally, to the normative environments of work oriented or not towards the social justice.In the first study, we analyzed the respective influence of various criteria of organizational justice susceptible to direct the decisions regarding the distribution of financial bonus ; either the equality criteria, subordinates' needs, and, in terms of equity, the individual performance, the collective performance and the allegiance. We have observed (by N = 1135) that each of the three equity variables outweighs the equality and the need.Our analysis have also showed the existence of interaction effects between the various distribution criteria.Then, we examined (by 7 studies) the nature of the relationships maintained by various psychosocial factors that are the Social Dominance Orientation (SDO), the Belief in a Just World of Work (BJWW), the Allegiance norm and the propensity to discriminate (PTD). Our results (on (N = 975) have allowed us to observe their mutual influence and also to determinate the mediator role of the Allegiance between the Egalitarianism and the PTD, the one of BJWW between the Egalitarianism and the PTD and between the Allegiance and the SDO, and also the mediator role of the SDO between the BJWW and the PTD.Finally, regarding the work environment, it seemed appropriate to us to assess the power exercised by the normative environment on the concepts aforesaid. We have, for this purpose, conceptualized a Matrix Cognitive-Behavioural of the Perpetuation of the System (MCBPS) about which we then tested its validity in a study. Our results (on N=457) demonstrate that employees who work in a type AH environment (i.e. that accentuate the social hierarchy) adhere more to the MCBPS that the employees who work in a type RH environment (i.e. that decrease the social hierarchy)
Kielbassa, Janice. "Mathematical modelling of temperature effects on the life-history traits and the population dynamics of bullhead (Cottus gobio)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10181.
Повний текст джерелаWater temperature plays a key role in the life cycle of fish. Therefore, increasing temperatures due to the expected climate change may have a strong impact on growth, fecundity and survival. The goal of this thesis is to model the impact of temperature on the life-history traits of a bullhead population (Cottus gobio) in order to make predictions both at individual and at population level. The models developed here are calibrated on experimental field data from a population living in the Bez River network (Drôme, France). First, a new back-calculation model is derived that can be used to compute individual fish body lengths at earlier ages from capture data. Next, a growth model is proposed that incorporates the water temperature and can be used to predict the mean length at a given age and temperature. Finally, the population is modelled as a whole by linking all life-history traits to temperature. For this purpose, a spatialised time- and temperature-dependent Leslie matrix model structured in age classes was used to predict the population dynamics under different temperature scenarios
Alexandrov, Serguei. "Mécanique quantique matricielle et la théorie des cordes à deux dimensions dans des fonds non-triviaux." Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003512.
Повний текст джерелаString theory is the most promising candidate for the theory unifying all interactions including gravity. It has an extremely difficult dynamics. Therefore, it is useful to study some its simplifications. One of them is non-critical string theory which can be defined in low dimensions. A particular interesting case is 2D string theory. On the one hand, it has a very rich structure and, on the other hand, it is solvable. A complete solution of 2D string theory in the simplest linear dilaton background was obtained using its representation as Matrix Quantum Mechanics. This matrix model provides a very powerful technique and reveals the integrability hidden in the usual CFT formulation. This thesis extends the matrix model description of 2D string theory to non-trivial backgrounds. We show how perturbations changing the background are incorporated into Matrix Quantum Mechanics. The perturbations are integrable and governed by Toda Lattice hierarchy. This integrability is used to extract various information about the perturbed system: correlation functions, thermodynamical behaviour, structure of the target space. The results concerning these and some other issues, like non-perturbative effects in non-critical string theory, are presented in the thesis
Mansouri, Badr. "Contribution à la synthèse de lois de commandes en poursuite de trajectoire pour les systèmes flous de type Takagi Sugeno incertains." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000426.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with a fuzzy tracking control design for uncertain nonlinear dynamic system with external disturbances and using a TS (Takagi-Sugeno) fuzzy model description. In this case, a recurring problem is related to the LMI (Linear Matrix Inequality) formulation. In this way, we have synthesised a robust control law for TS fuzzy perturbed systems an uncertain perturbed systems based on H¥ performances. To specify the desired trajectory and consequently to ensure the tracking trajectory, we have used a reference model. The cases with and without fuzzy observers are either treated. The obtained results are presented in two approaches, BMI (Bilinear Matrix Inquality) and LMI one. This last approach shows the effectiveness of the numerical exploitation of the results. A second approach was also developed and relates to the same problem and based on a suboptimal control. The results in this case are also reformulated directly in LMI's terms
Aparicio, Thomas. "Carcinogenèse colorectale : implication des métalloprotéases matricielles, de l'hepatocyte growth factor et de la leptine." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077125.
Повний текст джерелаBouayad, Abdelali. "Étude comparative de méthodes d'analyse de systèmes à échelles de temps multiples : contribution à l'élaboration d'un processus d'aide à la simplification de modèles." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10058.
Повний текст джерелаFavrichon, Vincent. "Modèle matriciel déterministe en temps discret : application à l'étude de la dynamique d'un peuplement forestier tropical humide (Guyane française)." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10276.
Повний текст джерелаAnderson, Lelia. "Détermination de la stratégie d'irrigation optimale de la fraise basée sur le potentiel matriciel du sol et un modèle climatique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26646.
Повний текст джерелаMárquez, Borbόn Raymundo. "Nouveaux schémas de commande et d'observation basés sur les modèles de Takagi-Sugeno." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0040/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis addresses the estimation and controller design for continuous-time nonlinear systems. The methodologies developed are based on the Takagi-Sugeno (TS) representation of the nonlinear model via the sector nonlinearity approach. All strategies intend to get more relaxed conditions.The results presented for controller design are split in two parts. The first part is about standard TS models under control schemes based on: 1) a quadratic Lyapunov function (QLF); 2) a fuzzy Lyapunov function (FLF); 3) a line-integral Lyapunov functions (LILF); 4) a novel non-quadratic Lyapunov functional (NQLF). The second part concerns to TS descriptor models. Two strategies are proposed: 1) within the quadratic framework, conditions based on a general control law and some matrix transformations; 2) an extension to the nonquadratic approach based on a line-integral Lyapunov function (LILF) using non-PDC control law schemes and the Finsler’s Lemma; this strategy offers parameter-dependent linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions instead of bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) constraints for second-order systems. On the other hand, the problem of the state estimation for nonlinear systems via TS models is also addressed considering: a) the particular case where premise vectors are based on measured variables and b) the general case where premise vectors can be based on unmeasured variables. Several examples have been included to illustrate the applicability of the obtained results
Vanicat, Matthieu. "Approche intégrabiliste des modèles de physique statistique hors d'équilibre." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY029/document.
Повний текст джерелаAlthough statistical physics has been very successful to describe physical systems at thermal equilibrium (thanks to the Boltzmann distribution, which reflects the maximization of the entropy, and allows one to construct in a systematic way thermodynamic potentials), it remains elusive to provide an efficient framework to study phenomena that are out-of-equilibrium, i.e displaying non vanishing current of physical quantities (energy, charge, particles...).The goal of the thesis is to describe such systems with very simple models which retain nevertheless their main physical features. The models consist in particles evolving randomly on a one dimensional lattice connected to reservoirs and subject to hard-core repulsion. The challenge lies in computing exactly the stationary state of the model, especially the particle current, its fluctuations and more precisely its large deviation function (which is expected to play the role of an out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic potential).In the first part of the thesis we construct models, called integrable, in which we can perform exact computations of physical quantities. We introduce several new out-of-equilibrium models that are obtained by solving, in specific cases, the Yang-Baxter equation and the reflection equation. We provide new algebraic structures which allow us to construct the solutions through a Baxterisation procedure.In the second part of the thesis we compute exactly the stationary state of these models using a matrix ansatz. We shed light on the connection between this technique and the integrability of the model by pointing out two key relations: the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev relation and the Ghoshal-Zamolodchikov relation. The integrability is also exploited, through the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations, to compute the fluctuations of the particles current, unrevealing connections with the theory of symmetric polynomials (the Koornwinder polynomials in particular).Finally the last part of the thesis deals with the hydrodynamic limit of the models, i.e when the lattice spacing tends to $0$ and the number of particles tends to infinity. The exact results obtained for a finite size system allow us to check the validity of the predictions of the macroscopic fluctuations theory (concerning the fluctuations of the current and the density profile in the stationary state) and to extend the theory to systems with several species of particles
Zetlaoui, Mélanie. "Aspects statistiques de la stabilité en dynamique des populations : application au modèle de Usher en foresterie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133544.
Повний текст джерелаstructurée par taille et qui restreint les transitions entre les classes d'état. Il est particulièrement
adapté pour décrire la dynamique d'un peuplement forestier et sert de guide dans la gestion des
forêts. Cette étude porte sur les prédictions dans l'état stationnaire du modèle. L'objectif principal
est la construction d'intervalles de confiance de ces prédictions. Dans un premier temps, des
intervalles de confiance asymptotiques sont construits en utilisant les estimateurs du maximum de
vraisemblance des prédictions. La distribution asymptotique de ces estimateurs est obtenue grâce
à la delta-méthode. Les résultats sont étendus, dans un autre chapitre, au cas du modèle densitédépendant,
dans lequel les paramètres sont fonctions des caractéristiques courantes de la population.
Dans un deuxième temps, les intervalles de confiance asymptotiques sont affinés en cherchant des
estimateurs robustes des paramètres de transition du modèle. Cette recherche est guidée par deux
types de contraintes du modèle portant sur sa structure discrète et sur la dynamique de la population.
Les estimateurs des paramètres ainsi construits sont des L-estimateurs exprimés dans un
modèle statistique multidimensionnel. Le critère de robustesse utilisé est la sensibilité des estimateurs,
basé sur la notion de fonction d'influence. Les résultats théoriques sont appliqués un jeu de
données réelles d'un peuplement forestier en Guyane Française et les implications pratiques sont
discutées.
Ksontini, Mohamed. "Mise en oeuvre de lois de commande basées sur des multi-modèles continus de type Takagi-Sugeno." Valenciennes, 2005. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/010633b8-054b-44a7-a83b-2bf46a1dfd68.
Повний текст джерелаIn this document we dealt with the stabilization of the multi models approaches. We tried to make a link between the adaptive multi models approach and the TS approach. A new control architecture for the adaptive approach has been proposed allowing the stabilisation of the whole closed loop. A comparison about the robustness for the classical inverted pendulum shows the features of this approach. In the second part, we proposed new stabilisation conditions of TS fuzzy models allowing to reduce the number of LMI and or to reduce the conservatism of the conditions. With such conditions, we get some easy LMI conditions for systems having an important number of rules, and we also improve results given in the literature. These results are based mainly on the use of the elimination lemma. A first illustration of these conditions is carried out on a TORA system. Finally the application of these conditions on a mixture liquids system that will be useful in dimensioning a project of prototype has given good results
Gassara, Hamdi. "Analyse, commande et observation des modèles flous de type Takagi-Sugeno à état retardé." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0124.
Повний текст джерелаFadiga, Lamine. "Commande h∞ à base de modèles non entiers." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0090/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe general theme of the work enables to extend H∞ control methodology to fractional order models. Two approaches are proposed. The first one consists in rewriting the fractional order model as an uncertain integer order model in order to use existing H∞ control methods for integer order models. The second approach consists in developing specific LMI conditions for fractional order models based on their pseudo state space representation. These two approaches are applied to the vibratory isolation of a bridge
Castang, Fabien. "Synthèse robuste de filtres de diagnostic pour la surveillance à base de modèle des systèmes multivariables et incertains." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12652.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this dissertation is focused on the design of robust Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) filters for multivariable uncertain systems. We show how the proposed methodology can be extended to the case of feedback systems. First, an iterative scheme is presented to design a robust detection filter. The design procedure is based on robust HÆ estimation techniques and generalised structured singular values (mg). Second, a new and general scheme is presented to design robust FDI filters. The design procedure ensures simultaneously robustness of the FDI output against disturbances and modelling errors, and nominal sensitivity to faults. Robust sensitivity of the residual signals is analysed by means of a test based on the generalised structured singular value. The feedback controller is directly included in the design procedure. These approaches are validated in simulation, on a hydraulic process of laboratory and flight simulator
Kruszewski, Alexandre. "Lois de commande pour une classe de modèles non linéaires sous la forme Takagi-Sugeno : mise sous forme LMI." Valenciennes, 2006. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/47cd2183-0e4c-4bc8-b7b8-591ffb66d847.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis deals with a particular class of nonlinear models called Takagi-Sugeno. In spite of their fuzzy background, they can be seen as a collection of linear models blended by some nonlinear functions. The stability analysis of this kind of models is investigated through the direct Lyapunov method and using a quadratic function. This choice is due to its capability to cope with LMI constraints. These conditions are only sufficient. Many results are available for these models. The first works were dealing only with stability and stabilization without any robustness criterion or performances indexes. Extensions are available on state feedback with observer, descriptor models, uncertain models, models with delays, dynamic output feedbacks… Some performances criteria are also considered as the minimization of quadratic criterion, D-Stability, Hinf…In spite of these results, some problems need to be solved. The quadratic Lyapunov function approach seems to have reached its limit. Considering that the conditions are only sufficient, what can be done if they are too restrictive? How to relax a LMI problem which has no solution? The goal of this thesis is to quit the quadratic framework by proposing less conservative results than those met in the literature
Aouad, Lamine. "Contribution à l'algorithmique matricielle et évaluation de performances sur les grilles de calcul, vers un modèle de programmation à grande échelle." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-Aouad.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEzanno, Pauline. "Modélisation de la relation entre l'état des réserves corporelles et la productivité des troupeaux bovins : cas des bovins N'Dama en milieu agro-pastoral extensif de la zone tropicale humide (kolda, Sénégal)." Montpellier, ENSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENSA0031.
Повний текст джерелаAlquier, Pierre. "Contributions à l'apprentissage statistique dans les modèles parcimonieux." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915505.
Повний текст джерелаFamy, Carine. "Les termes d'échange entre blocs et fractures dans les simulateurs de réservoirs fracturés." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7573/1/famy.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBara, Gabriela Iuliana. "Estimation d'état des systèmes linéaires à paramètres variants." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL591N.
Повний текст джерелаWilhelm, Dafné. "Utilisation du modèle cellulaire ATDC5 pour la caractérisation des mécanismes de maturation des procollagènes et de leurs relations avec le processus de minéralisation matricielle." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0286.
Повний текст джерелаEndochondral ossification is the mechanism by which long bones of Vertebrates grow. It requires the formation of a primary cartilage pattern by chondrogenesis, which is then replaced by bone. Chondrogenesis relies on the production of a dedicated type II collagen rich extracellular matrix (ECM), which will then mineralize, and many aspects of which remain difficult to characterize. The ATDC5 cell line can engage into a differentiation program resembling the multistep chondrogenic differentiation observed in vivo after insulin stimulation. Although this cell line is widely used, its proteome is barely described. In order to define to what extent this model recapitulates the main aspects of cartilage ECM formation, a time-resolved proteome analysis by LC-MALDI-TOF / TOF of the regulation of the proteome of differentiating ATDC5 cells focused on the ECM and the level of maturation of its main components. These cells synthesize and incorporate into their ECM a wide range of cartilage components, including aggrecan and type II collagen, which carry most of the maturations described in vivo. Most importantly, the accumulation of collagen in the MEC is correlated with maturation events: proteolytic cleavage and triple helix hydroxylation. The C-propeptide of type II collagen (CPII), is a component of joint and growth plate cartilage, and has been described as involved in the mineralization process of the latter. On the other hand, to what extent and how CPII would regulate mineralization remains to be specified. We have shown that CPII exhibit a different interactome as its type I and III procollagens (CPI and CPIII) counterparts, suggesting mechanistic differences between their maturation. These results are consolidated by additional in vivo studies of CPII cleavage sites, confirming the coexistence of two cleavage sites and demonstrating for the first time that CPII trimers contain the four possible combinations of the two cleavage sites. These data suggest that each monomer within the trimer is cleaved independently of the others. Overall, this work highlights CPII cleavage mechanism as distinct from that of CPI and CPIII and more complex than anticipated. Functional characterization of key events of ECM elaboration in ATDC5 cells should allow better dissecting the mechanisms of chondrogenesis and cartilage mineralization
Bourgine, Jean-Emile. "Modèles de matrices et problèmes de bord dans la gravité de Liouville." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00541162.
Повний текст джерелаKardous, Zohra. "Sur la modélisation et la commande multimodèle des processus complexes et/ou incertains." Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECLI0006.
Повний текст джерелаCugnet, Mikael Georges André. "Intégration du vieillissement à la gestion d'une batterie plomb automobile." Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13583.
Повний текст джерелаJabri, Dalel. "Contribution à la synthèse de lois de commande pour les systèmes de type Takagi-Sugeno et/ou hybrides interconnectés." Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIMS028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the stabilization of nonlinear large scale systems. Hence, a global large scale systemcan be described by a set of n interconnected subsystems. Then, based on the subsystem’s nature, adecentralized control law, composed of a set of n local control law is proposed. Each local control law isable to stabilize the subsystem for which it is synthesized. In this thesis, three classes of dynamical systemsare considered : nonlinear interconnected systems, switched linear interconnected systems and switchednonlinear interconnected systems.First, based on Takagi Sugeno (TS) modeling, the decentralized stabilization of nonlinear interconnectedsystems has been studied. In order to relax quadratic Lyapunov approaches, one has considered nonquadratic Lyapunov functions. Then, based on multiple Lyapunov switched functions, the stabilization oflarge scale linear switched systems is proposed. Hence, a decentralized switched control law designmethodology has been developed to ensure the stability of the proposed class of hybrid systems. Finally,the stabilization of nonlinear switched interconnected systems as been considered such that each nonlinearsubsystem is described by a TS model
Tan, Bing. "La métalloprotéase matricielle-11 facilite la progression des tumeurs de la glande mammaire murine." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ047.
Повний текст джерелаBreast cancer is the most common leading cause of death in women. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in breast cancer progression. The TME is a complex tissue composed of extracellular matrix proteins, fibroblasts, inflammatory and endothelial cells. Recently modified adipocytes called “Cancer-Associated Adipocytes” (CAAs) were identified as emerging components of the TME adding into the complexity of this tumor component. Matrix Metalloproteinase-11 (MMP-11) is a protein from the TME, it is secreted by "Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts" (CAFs) in the center of the tumor and by CAAs in the tumor periphery also qualified as the “invasive front”. Previous studies showed that elevated MMP11 expression is associated with a poorer outcome in breast cancer patients supporting the idea that MMP11 contributes to tumor progression but the mechanism of action remained unclear. Recent studies showed that MMP-11 is a negative regulator of adipose tissue development and controls energy metabolism. These observations suggested that MMP-11 expression in the TME may directly participate in breast tumor progression by modulating the adipose tissue metabolism at the benefit of cancer cells. However, how MMP-11 acts in the TME notably at the interface of breast cancer cells and CAAs remains largely unknown. To study the role of MMP-11 on breast cancer progression, we developed a series of preclinical mouse mammary gland tumour models by genetic engineering. First, mice either deficient- (Loss of Function-LOF) or overexpressing- MMP-11 were crossed with a genetic model of spontaneous mammary tumors (MMTV-PyMT). Consistent results were obtained using GOF and LOF, showing that MMP11 favored early tumor progression, by increasing proliferation and reducing apoptosis of cancer cells. Of interest, MMP-11 was associated with a metabolic switch in the tumor and the activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (UPRER). These data support the idea that MMP-11 contributes to an adaptive metabolic response favoring cancer growth. Second, to directly address the function of MMP-11 produced by the adipose tissue on cancer progression, we generated a transgenic mouse line (named aP2-MMP11-IRES-GFP) in which MMP-11 expression is controlled by an adipose tissue-specific promoter. Direct grafting of syngeneic cancer cells in the mammary fad-pad of these mice showed that MMP11 expression favored tumor growth. Altogether our data support the idea that MMP-11 expression by cancer associated adipocytes contributes to an adaptive metabolic response, named metabolic flexibility, favoring cancer growth. They further substantiate the potential of MMP-11 as a target for cancer therapy
Bensouda, Fatima-Zohra. "Etude de la réactivité de suies Diesel à partir de mesures thermogravimétriques : résolution mathématique des équations correspondantes." Mulhouse, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MULH0559.
Повний текст джерелаDjemili, Issam. "Contribution au diagnostic et à la commande tolérante aux fautes des moteurs Diesel." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10177.
Повний текст джерелаModern Diesel engines are equipped with sensors and actuators such as the controllable valve of the exhaust gas recirculation, variable geometry turbocharger. This requires sophisticated instrumentation to need on board diagnostic systems to detect and isolate faults. Techniques currently used in industry based on signal processing are limited. Our motivation is to develop a model based diagnostic system allowing the engine to have a safe and optimized functioning. The work is to monitor the diesel engine including the air loop. At first, a diagnostic system based on a robust nonlinear unknown input observer is developed to detect and to isolate actuators faults. In a second step, the air path subject to intake manifold leakages is modeled. Three approaches based on observers are developed to detect and estimate such leakages. Once the leakages detected and estimate, a fault tolerant control strategy for diesel engine subject to leakages is proposed. The proposed FTC design scheme integrates the state estimation, the leakage identification and the state feedback control law, to guaranty the stabilization of the faulty plant. The performances of the proposed approaches are illustrated by a professional simulator AMESim in co-simulation with MATLAB. In order to test these approaches in real time, experimental facility is implemented using a dSPACE MicroAutoBox
Spinnato, Juliette. "Modèles de covariance pour l'analyse et la classification de signaux électroencéphalogrammes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4727/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe present thesis finds itself within the framework of analyzing and classifying electroencephalogram signals (EEG) using discriminant analysis. Those multi-sensor signals which are, by nature, highly correlated spatially and temporally are considered, in this work, in the timefrequency domain. In particular, we focus on low-frequency evoked-related potential-type signals (ERPs) that are well described in the wavelet domain. Thereafter, we will consider signals represented by multi-scale coefficients and that have a matrix structure electrodes × coefficients. Moreover, EEG signals are seen as a mixture between the signal of interest that we want to extract and spontaneous activity (also called "background noise") which is overriding. The main problematic is here to distinguish signals from different experimental conditions (class). In the binary case, we focus on the probabilistic approach of the discriminant analysis and Gaussian mixtures are used, describing in each class the signals in terms of fixed (mean) and random components. The latter, characterized by its covariance matrix, allow to model different variability sources. The estimation of this matrix (and of its inverse) is essential for the implementation of the discriminant analysis and can be deteriorated by high-dimensional data and/or by small learning samples, which is the application framework of this thesis. We are interested in alternatives that are based on specific covariance model(s) and that allow to decrease the number of parameters to estimate
Labadie, Maritxu. "Implication des composantes matricielle et cellulaire de biofilms bactériens modèles en réponse à des traitements physiques : standardisation d'outils d'analyse et application aux technologies jet de plasma froid et LED UV-C." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30301.
Повний текст джерелаBacterial biofilms are an issue in several sectors such as health, agri-food and industry. Biofilms are composed of a community of microorganisms attached to a surface, and maintained and protected by an extracellular matrix of different bio-polymers. Conventional biofilm eradication methods involve the use of chemical or thermal treatments. More recently, new physical techniques with lower environmental impacts such as cold plasma jets and light emitting diodes (LED) emitting in the UV, have been studied for the decontamination/sterilization of surfaces. Due to the structural complexity of biofilms and the diversity of physical parameters of the device, developing such innovative and sustainable technologies for anti-biofilm applications require major methodological improvements in order to correctly quantify or qualify their biological effects. In this study, two bacterial strains exposing different parietal and extracellular matrix characteristics were chosen: Leuconostoc citreum NRRL B-1299 (Gram +, controllable production of an exopolysaccharide matrix) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 (Gram-, protein and e-DNA rich complex matrix). The treatment devices involved the use of a prototype cold plasma jet able to generate reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and oxygen (ROS), and a home-made LED device emitting in the UVC at 280 nm. Firstly, a methodology was defined to obtain reproducible and standardized surface biofilms (on membranes) in terms of cell density and extracellular matrix. The biocidal effect of UV-C LED applications and plasma jet treatments were measured by conventional bacterial counts, and comparing values between membrane-deposited cells and 24-hour grown biofilms. The results of the plasma jet treatment suggested that the extracellular matrix had a protective role and this in relation to its biochemical composition (amount and composition of the bio-polymers). In the case of UV- C LED treatment, and in relation to the absorbance properties of the matrix components, the protective effect of the matrix was demonstrated only for P. aeruginosa. Another feature of this work has been the exploitation of methods to more accurately assess the effects of the physical treatments on the cellular compartment of biofilms. The qPCR viability method (or PMA / EMA-qPCR) did not lead to satisfactory quantifications of P. aeruginosa or L. citreum cells. In contrast, a method based on metabolic reduction of resazurin by cells could be proposed. This study highlights the importance of considering cell density and characterizing extracellular matrix compounds when evaluating bacterial biofilm eradication methods, and moreover underlines the need to further develop analytical tools adapted to this problematic
Doh, Prosper Kwaku. "Courbes paramétriques polynominales et formes matricielles du théorème binominal : Nouveaux outils fondamentaux pour la conception et fabrication assistée par ordinateur." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10353.
Повний текст джерелаOuédraogo, Dakis-Yaoba. "PRÉDICTION DE LA DYNAMIQUE FORESTIÈRE À L'AIDE D'UN MODÈLE MATRICIEL QUI INCORPORE LA VARIABILITÉ DE LA RÉPONSE DES ESPÈCES À L'ENVIRONNEMENT : Application dans une forêt tropicale humide semi-décidue d'Afrique centrale." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00876547.
Повний текст джерелаLeroux-Beaudout, Renan. "Méthodologie de conception de systèmes de simulations en entreprise étendue, basée sur l'ingénierie système dirigée par les modèles." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30089.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript presents a methodology for the design of "early" simulations in extended enterprise, based on model-driven system engineering. The goal is to allow the system architect to explore alternative solutions, and to verify and/or validate the system architecture being designed, in relation to the user requirements. This methodology is divided into two complementary axes : the method part (new) and the means of execution, without which there can be no simulation. This new method is based on the following principle : starting from the user requirements to create the system architecture model, then derive the simulation architecture, develop the executable models and run the simulation in relation to objectives of verification and/or validation. By doing this, potential differences in interpretations between the system architecture model and simulation models are removed or at least reduced compared to a traditional approach. This method is of matrix type. The columns represent the actors, while the lines correspond to the different steps of the MBSE method used by the system architect for the product, including the refinement steps. The actors are the system architect for the product (SyA), a first new actor introduced by this method : the system architect for the simulation (SiA), the developers of the simulation executable models (SMD), and the second new actor in charge of the execution of the simulation (SEM). The analysis of its qualities and the production of results exploitable by the system architect for the product. As the method relies on a matrix structure, the SyA can request simulations, either in depth to specify a particular point of its model, or more in extension to check the good agreement of the functions between them. With this new matrix approach, the system architect for the product can reuse functions already defined during the upstream or downstream stages of its previous decompositions. Overall, saving time, costs, and confidence. The second axis of this methodology is the realization of an extended enterprise cosimulation (EE) platform, which is a project in itself. Based on a proposal of requirements specifications, the MBSE has defined a functional and physical architecture. The architecture of this platform can be modified according to the simulation needs expressed by the architect of the simulation. This is one of his prerogatives. The proposal introduces a third new player : the Infrastructure Project Manager (IPM) which is in charge of coordinating for the realization of the cosimulation platform, within his company. For an EE of federated type, that is to say from contractor to subcontractor, introduction of two new actors : - the supervisor of IPM, whose rôle is to link IPMs to solve the administrative and interconnection problems, - the person responsible in charge of the execution simulations. He coordinates, with the SEM of each partner, the implementation of simulations, ensures launches, and returns the results to all partners
Estrada, Manzo Víctor. "Estimation et commande des systèmes descripteurs." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VALE0032/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis addresses the estimation and control for nonlinear descriptor systems. The developments are focused on a family of nonlinear descriptor models with a full-rank descriptor matrix. The proposed approaches are based on a Takagi-Sugeno (TS) descriptor representation of a given nonlinear descriptor model. This type of TS models is a generalization of the standard TS ones. One of the mains goals is to obtain conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). In the existing literature, the observer design for TS descriptor models has led to bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) conditions. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, there are no results in the literature on controller/observer design for discrete-time TS descriptor models (with a non-constant and invertible descriptor matrix).Three problems have been addressed: state feedback controller design, observer design, and static output feedback controller design. LMI conditions have been obtained for both continuous and discrete-time TS descriptor models. In the continuous-time case, relaxed LMI conditions for the state feedback controller design have been achieved via parameterdependent LMI conditions. For the observer design, pure LMI conditions have been developed by using a different extended estimation error. For the static output feedback controller, LMI constraints can be obtained once an auxiliary matrix is fixed. In the discretetime case, results in the LMI form are provided for state/output feedback controller design and observer design; thus filling the gap in the literature. Several examples have been included to illustrate the applicability of the obtained results and the importance of keeping the original descriptor structure instead of computing a standard state-space
Diop, Mamadou. "Décomposition booléenne des tableaux multi-dimensionnels de données binaires : une approche par modèle de mélange post non-linéaire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0222/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is dedicated to the study of boolean decompositions of binary multidimensional arrays using a post nonlinear mixture model. In the first part, we introduce a new approach for the boolean factorization of binary matrices (BFBM) based on a post nonlinear mixture model. Unlike the existing binary matrix factorization methods, the proposed method is equivalent to the boolean factorization model when the matrices are strictly binary and give thus more interpretable results in the case of correlated sources and lower rank matrix approximations compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. A necessary and suffi-cient condition for the uniqueness of the BFBM is also provided. Two algorithms based on multiplicative update rules are proposed and tested in numerical simulations, as well as on a real dataset. The gener-alization of this approach to the case of binary multidimensional arrays (tensors) leads to the boolean factorisation of binary tensors (BFBT). The proof of the necessary and sufficient condition for the boolean decomposition of binary tensors is based on a notion of boolean independence of binary vectors. The multiplicative algorithm based on the post nonlinear mixture model is extended to the multidimensional case. We also propose a new algorithm based on an AO-ADMM (Alternating Optimization-ADMM) strategy. These algorithms are compared to state-of-the-art algorithms on simulated and on real data
Thieffry, Maxime. "Commande dynamique de robots déformables basée sur un modèle numérique." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0040/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the design of closed-loop control laws for the specific needs of dynamic control of soft robots, without being too restrictive regarding the robots geometry. It covers the entire development of the controller, from the modeling step to the practical experimental validation. In addition to the theoretical studies, different experimental setups are used to illustrate the results. A cable-driven soft robot and a pressurized soft arm are used to test the control algorithms. Through these different setups, we show that the method can handle different types of actuation, different geometries and mechanical properties. This emphasizes one of the interests of the method, its genericity. From a theoretical point a view, large-scale dynamical systems along with model reduction algorithms are studied. Indeed, modeling soft structures implies solving equations coming from continuum mechanics using the Finite Element Method (FEM). This provides an accurate model of the robots but it requires to discretize the structure into a mesh composed of thousands of elements, yielding to large-scale dynamical systems. This leads to work with models of large dimensions, that are not suitable to design control algorithms. A first part is dedicated to the study of the large-scale dynamic model and its control, without using model reduction. We present a way to control the large-scale system using the knowledge of an open-loop Lyapunov function. Then, this work investigates model reduction algorithms to design low order controllers and observers to drive soft robots. The validated control laws are based on linear models. This is a known limitation of this work as it constrains the guaranteed domain of the controller. This manuscript ends with a discussion that offers a way to extend the results towards nonlinear models. The idea is to linearize the large-scale nonlinear model around several operating points and interpolate between these points to cover a wider workspace
Chen, Yu-Sen. "Utilisation conjointe d'un modèle de génération-distribution et des comptages de circulation pour la reconstitution d'une matrice de trafic routier origine-destination." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529502.
Повний текст джерелаLatrech, Chedia. "Commande en réseau des systèmes flous : application à la dynamique de véhicule." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0005/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies the stability and stabilization problems of nonlinear systems described by Takagi Sugeno (TS) fuzzy models including the constraints related to the networked transmission, to the disturbance rejection, to the parametric variations and to the non fragility of controller.The challenge is to provide asymptotic stability sufficient conditions developed for the design of centralized and decentralized control laws, that operates through a communications network, using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and H∞ approach. We address initially, nonlinear networked controlled systems (NCSs) described by TS type fuzzy models, and we extend our study to large scale systems for the design of decentralized control laws. Finally, we present simulation validation on the vehicle model for the Global Chassis Control (GCC) ensuring the safety and driveability