Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Modèle de Sabra"

Sheikh Abū Ṭālib al-Makkī was a scholar of Sufism respected in the Islamic world. His work, Qūt al-Qulūb, is a major source of reference to sages of the past and present. Many Islamic scholars use Maqamāt al-Aḥwāl's theory as a module and rehabilitation guideline for a number of diseases that affect the human soul. Paedophilia, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorder (DSM-5) falls into a category of mental disorders, with some experts considering paedophiles as being mentally insane. In this regard, the main objective of this study was to analyse the implementation of maqām al-ṣabr (stage of patience), according to al-Makkī, as a concept of paedophilia rehabilitation psychotherapy. Using qualitative methods, this study found maqām al-ṣabr to be a crucial element in the recovery from paedophilia. Therefore, this article hopes to integrate the elements of patiencee stage with rehabilitation psychotherapy to develop one of the best treatment modules in the rehabilitation of paedophilia in Malaysia. ABSTRAK: Syeikh Abū Ṭālib al-Makkī merupakan ulama tasawuf yang disegani dunia Islam, malah karyanya Qūt al-Qulūb menjadi sumber utama golongan sufi mutaqaddimīn dan muta’akhkhirīn. Sebahagian besar sarjana Islam menggunakan teori maqamat al-Ahwal sebagai modul dan rehab untuk beberapa penyakit melibatkan kejiwaan manusia. Pedofilia pula menurut Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorder (DSM-5) termasuk dalam kategori gangguan mental, malah sebahagian pakar menganggap pedofil sebagai orang gila. Sehubungan dengan itu, objektif utama kajian ini untuk menganalisis implementasi maqam sabar menurut al-Makkī sebagai konsep psikoterapi pemulihan pedofilia. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, kajian ini mendapati maqam sabar antara elemen penting dalam pemulihan pedofilia. Justeru artikel ini diharap dapat menyatupadukan elemen maqam sabar dan psikoterapi pemulihan, sekali gus menjadi satu modul rawatan yang terbaik dalam pemulihan ketagihan seksual golongan pedofilia di Malaysia.

AbstractWe present here a characterization of the low background NaI(Tl) crystal NaI-33 based on a period of almost one year of data taking (891 kg$$\times $$ × days exposure) in a detector configuration with no use of organic scintillator veto. This remarkably radio-pure crystal already showed a low background in the SABRE Proof-of-Principle (PoP) detector, in the low energy region of interest (1–6 keV) for the search of dark matter interaction via the annual modulation signature. As the vetoable background components, such as $$^{40}$$ 40 K, are here sub-dominant, we reassembled the PoP setup with a fully passive shielding. We upgraded the selection of events based on a Boosted Decision Tree algorithm that rejects most of the PMT-induced noise while retaining scintillation signals with > 90% efficiency in 1–6 keV. We find an average background of 1.39 ± 0.02 counts/day/kg/keV in the region of interest and a spectrum consistent with data previously acquired in the PoP setup, where the external veto background suppression was in place. Our background model indicates that the dominant background component is due to decays of $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb, only partly residing in the crystal itself. The other location of $$^{210}$$ 210 Pb is the reflector foil that wraps the crystal. We now proceed to design the experimental setup for the physics phase of the SABRE North detector, based on an array of similar crystals, using a low radioactivity PTFE reflector and further improving the passive shielding strategy, in compliance with the new safety and environmental requirements of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate a flooded-rice yield forecasting method for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using the SimulArroz model. Version 1.1 of this model and historical meteorological data were used, with six different scenarios composed of the following levels of field information: number of sowing dates (1 to 4) and number of cultivars and/or development cycles (1 to 3) during four growing seasons (2014/2015 to 2017/2018). The root mean square error (RMSE) for comparing the actual yield with the simulated yield for Rio Grande do Sul was of 618.3 and 1,024.8 kg ha−1, i.e., of 8 and 13%, respectively. The forecast of rice yield by applying the SimulArroz model and historic meteorological data for Rio Grande do Sul shows a good predictability, and the recommended scenario is complex 1, using three sowing dates per site and the three most representative rice cultivars per region.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to calibrate and test the SARRA-H (Système d’Analyse Régionale des Risques Agroclimatologiques) crop model for cowpea, as well as conducting a climate risk zoning for this crop in a region located in Eastern Amazon, allowing the identification of locations and sowing dates that favor the production considering both the water deficit and the probability of occurrence of severe rains during the harvest period. The model was calibrated and validated with data from experiments conducted between 2013 and 2016 in the municipality of Castanhal, PA, Brazil. Low climate risk areas were defined as those that had a water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) greater than or equal to 0.5 in the reproductive phase combined with the occurrence of rainfall below 20 mm at the harvest for, at least, 80% of the years for which planting was simulated. The model was able to simulate the water balance, growth and development of cowpea under the climate and soil conditions of the studied location with high precision and accuracy. The optimal period for sowing cowpea comprises the interval between June 5th and 25th for regions located above 2° S and between March 25th and April 15th for regions below 2º S.

Alors que l’américanisme, l’africanisme, l’européanisme, l’indianisme… sont reconnus, certifiés par des musées ou des sections de musée, des départements universitaires, des chapitres de manuels depuis les origines, l’anthropologie de la Méditerranée est une spécialité récente, prenant corps, sous l’égide des universités britanniques, dans les années 1950. Ce retard est dû, au moins en partie, à l’hétérogénéité du monde méditerranéen partagé entre les façades méridionale et orientale de la mer, qui relèvent, à première vue, de l’étude du monde arabo-musulman, et la façade septentrionale ressortissant de prime abord de l’ethnologie européenne. Le scepticisme, récusant la pertinence d’une anthropologie de la Méditerranée, peut encore trouver des arguments dans l’histoire des civilisations ou dans l’actualité. Contrairement à d’autres régions du monde, l’aire iranienne voisine par exemple, le monde méditerranéen ne forme une unité ni par ses langues ni par ses traditions religieuses. Faut-il rappeler que seul l’Empire romain l’a unifié pendant plusieurs siècles autour du « mare nostrum » en favorisant l’épanouissement d’une culture gréco-latine à vocation universelle et en développant tout autour de la mer des institutions politiques sur le modèle de Rome ? Puis l’histoire de la Méditerranée fut faite de partages, de schismes, de croisades, de guerres entre empires, de conquêtes coloniales qui aboutirent, au terme de péripéties violentes, à la situation contemporaine où coexistent trois ensembles eux-mêmes fractionnés : une Méditerranée latine, catholique, largement laïcisée , partie intégrante de l’Europe occidentale, une Méditerranée balkanique orthodoxe avec ses poches islamiques, une Méditerranée arabo-musulmane. En dépit de ces fractures, des hommes de lettres campèrent, dans les années 1930, une Méditerranée des échanges et de la convivenza, à laquelle donnent crédit des lieux et des épisodes remarquables de l’histoire (l’Andalousie au temps du califat omeyade, la Sicile de Frédéric II, des villes cosmopolites de la fin du XIXème siècle et du début du XXème siècle : Istanbul, Smyrne, Salonique, Beyrouth, Alexandrie, Alger, Tanger, Trieste, Marseille, etc.). Des revues (à Marseille, les Cahiers du sud de Jean Ballard, à Tunis Les Cahiers de la Barbarie d’Armand Guibert et Jean Amrouche , à Alger Rivages d’Edmond Charlot et Albert Camus, à Rabat Aguedal d’Henri Bosco) exaltèrent cette « fraternité méditerranéenne » tout autant imaginaire que réelle. Gabriel Audisio fut le chantre le plus exalté de cette commune « patrie méditerranéenne »: « Non, écrit-il, la Méditerranée n’a jamais séparé ses riverains. Même les grandes divisions de la Foi, et ce conflit spirituel de l’Orient et de l’Occident, la mer ne les a pas exaltés, au contraire adoucis en les réunissant au sommet sensible d’un flot de sagesse, au point suprême de l’équilibre ». Et à l’image d’une Méditerranée romaine (il veut « remettre Rome ‘à sa place’ ») il oppose celle d’une « synthèse méditerranéenne » : « À cette latinité racornie, j’oppose tout ce qui a fait la civilisation méditerranéenne : la Grèce, l’Égypte, Judas, Carthage, le Christ, l’Islam ». Cette Méditerranée qui « vous mélange tout ça sans aucune espèce de pudeur », dit-il encore, « se veut universelle ». Avant qu’un projet collectif d’anthropologie n’émerge, des ancêtres de la discipline, des géographes, des historiens, avaient apporté une contribution importante à la connaissance du monde méditerranéen. Maine, Robertson Smith, Frazer, etc. étaient classicistes ou historiens du droit et se référaient souvent aux sociétés antiques de la Méditerranée pour analyser coutumes et croyances ou encore les différentes formes d’organisation sociale (la tribu, la cité, etc.) et leur évolution. Plus tard, dans les premières décennies du XXème siècle, de remarquables études monographiques ou thématiques furent réalisées sur les différentes rives de la Méditerranée , telles celles de Maunier (1927) sur les échanges rituels en Afrique du nord, de Montagne (1930) sur les Berbères du sud Marocain, de Boucheman (1937) sur une petite cité caravanière de Syrie…Géographes et historiens, plus préoccupés par l’ancrage matériel des sociétés que par leur structure ou leurs valeurs, publièrent aussi des travaux importants, synthétiques ceux-ci, sur le monde méditerranéen ; ainsi Charles Parain, dans La Méditerranée, les hommes et les travaux (1936), campe une Méditerranée des infrastructures, celle qui prévaudra jusques et y compris dans les 320 premières pages de la thèse de Fernand Braudel (1949), celle des « ressources naturelles, des champs et des villages, de la variété des régimes de propriété, de la vie maritime, de la vie pastorale et de la vie agricole, des métiers et des techniques ». L’acte fondateur de l’anthropologie de la Méditerranée fut un colloque organisé en 1959 par Julian Pitt-Rivers, Jean Peristiany et Julio Caro Baroja, qui réunit, entre autres, Ernest Gellner, qui avait mené des travaux sur le Haut-Atlas, Pierre Bourdieu, alors spécialiste de la Kabylie, John K. Campbell, auteur de recherches sur les Saracatsans du nord de la Grèce. Cette rencontre, et celle qui suivit, en 1961, à Athènes donnèrent lieu à la publication de deux recueils fondamentaux (Pitt-Rivers, 1963, Peristiany, 1965), campant les principaux registres thématiques d’une anthropologie comparée des sociétés méditerranéennes (l’honneur, la honte, le clientélisme, le familialisme, la parenté spirituelle, etc.) et véritables coups d’envoi à des recherches monographiques s’inscrivant désormais dans des cadres conceptuels fortement charpentés. Les décennies 1960, 1970 et 1980 furent celles d’une croissance rapide et d’un épanouissement de l’anthropologie de la Méditerranée. Le monde méditerranéen est alors saisi à travers des valeurs communes : outre l’honneur et la honte, attachés au sang et au nom (Pitt-Rivers, 1977, Gilmore, 1987), la virilité qui combine puissance sexuelle, capacité à défendre les siens et une parole politique ferme qui ne transige pas et ne supporte pas les petits arrangements, l’hospitalité ostentatoire. C’est aussi un univers où domine une vision endogamique du monde, où l’on prise le mariage dans un degré rapproché, mieux la « république des cousins », où se marient préférentiellement le fils et la fille de deux frères, une formule surtout ancrée sur la rive sud et dans l’Antiquité pré-chrétienne, ; Jocaste ne dit-elle pas à Polynice : « Un conjoint pris au-dehors porte malheur » ? Ce à quoi Ibn Khaldoun fait écho : « La noblesse, l’honneur ne peuvent résulter que de l’absence de mélange », écrivait-il. Aux « républiques des beaux-frères », caractéristiques des sociétés primitives exogames étudiées par Claude Lévi-Strauss s’opposent ainsi les « républiques méditerranéennes des cousins », prohibant l'échange et ancrées dans l'endogamie patrilinéaire. Alors que dans les premières, « une solidarité usuelle unit le garçon avec les frères et les cousins de sa femme et avec les maris de ses sœurs », dans les secondes « les hommes (...) considèrent leurs devoirs de solidarité avec tous leurs parents en ligne paternelle comme plus importants que leurs autres obligations, - y compris, bien souvent, leurs obligations civiques et patriotiques ». Règne ainsi, dans le monde méditerranéen traditionnel, la prédilection pour le « vivre entre soi » auquel s’ajoute une ségrégation marquée entre les sexes, « un certain idéal de brutalité virile, dont le complément est une dramatisation de la vertu féminine », poursuit Germaine Tillion (1966). La Méditerranée, c’est aussi un monde de structures clientélaires, avec ses patrons et ses obligés, dans de vieilles sociétés étatiques où des relais s’imposent, à tous les sens du terme, entre le peuple et les pouvoirs; parallèlement, dans l’univers sacré, les intermédiaires, les saints, ne manquent pas entre les fidèles et la divinité ; ils sont nombreux, y compris en islam où leur culte est controversé. La violence avec ses pratiques vindicatoires (vendetta corse, disamistade sarde, gjak albanais, rekba kabyle…) fait aussi partie du hit-parade anthropologique des caractéristiques méditerranéennes et les auteurs analysent les moyens mis en œuvre pour sortir de ces conflits (Black-Michaud, 1975). Enfin, comment ne pas évoquer une communauté de comportements religieux, en particulier les lamentations funèbres, les dévotions dolorisantes autour des martyrs ? L’« inflation apologétique du martyre » est ainsi un trait commun au christianisme et à l’islam chiite pratiqué au Liban. La commémoration des martyrs fondateurs, dans le christianisme comme en islam chiite, donne lieu à des rituels d’affliction de part et d’autre de la Méditerranée. C’est en terre chrétienne la semaine sainte, avec ses spectaculaires processions de pénitents en Andalousie, ou, en Calabre, ces cérémonies où les hommes se flagellent les mollets et les cuisses jusqu’au sang. Au Liban les fidèles pratiquent, lors des processions et des prônes qui évoquent les tragiques événements fondateurs, des rituels dolorisants : ils se flagellent avec des chaînes, se frappent la poitrine avec les paumes des mains, voire se lacèrent le cuir chevelu avec un sabre. Dans le monde chrétien comme en islam chiite, des pièces de théâtre (mystères du Moyen Âge, ta’zie) ont été composées pour représenter le martyre du sauveur. Rituels chiites et chrétiens présentent donc un air de famille (Bromberger, 1979). Cette sensibilité au martyre dans les traditions religieuses méditerranéennes est à l’arrière-plan des manifestations laïques qui célèbrent les héros locaux ou nationaux tombés pour la juste cause. C’est le cas en Algérie. Toutes ces remarques peuvent paraître bien réductrices et caricaturales, éloignées des formes de la vie moderne et de la mondialisation qui l’enserre. Ne s’agit-il pas d’une Méditerranée perdue ? Les auteurs cependant nuancent leurs analyses et les insèrent dans le contexte spécifique où elles prennent sens. Dans leur généralité, elles offrent, malgré tout, une base de départ, un cadre comparatif et évolutif. Après une période faste, couronnée par un ouvrage de synthèse récapitulant les acquis (Davis, 1977), vint le temps des remises en cause. Plusieurs anthropologues (dont Michael Herzfeld, 1980, Josep Llobera,1986, Joao de Pina-Cabral,1989…) critiquèrent de façon radicale l'érection de la Méditerranée en « regional category » en fustigeant le caractère artificiel de l'objet, créé, selon eux, pour objectiver la distance nécessaire à l'exercice légitime de la discipline et qui s'abriterait derrière quelques thèmes fédérateurs fortement stéréotypés. À ces critiques virulentes venues des centres européens ou américains de l’anthropologie, se sont jointes celles d'ethnologues originaires des régions méditerranéennes, pour qui la référence à la Méditerranée est imaginaire et suspecte, et dont les travaux sont ignorés ou regardés de haut par les chercheurs formés à l’école britannique. Ce sentiment négatif a été d’autant plus accusé sur les rives méridionale et orientale de la Méditerranée que la mer qui, à différentes périodes, reliait est devenue un fossé aussi bien sur le plan économique que politique. Diverses initiatives et prises de position scientifiques ont donné un nouvel élan, dans les années 1990-2000, à l’anthropologie de la Méditerranée. Colloques et ouvrages (par exemple Albera, Blok, Bromberger, 2001) rendent compte de cette nouvelle conjoncture. On se garde désormais plus qu’avant de considérer le monde méditerranéen comme une aire culturelle qui présenterait, à travers le temps et l’espace, des caractéristiques communes stables. Au plus parlera-t-on d’un « air de famille » entre les sociétés riveraines de la mer en raison de contextes écologiques similaires, d’une histoire partagée, de la reconnaissance d’un seul et même Dieu. Cette perspective mesurée rejoint le point de vue de Horden et Purcell (2000), auteurs d’un ouvrage important tirant un bilan critique de l’histoire du monde méditerranéen. Pour eux, qui combinent points de vue interactionniste et écologique, la Méditerranée se définit par la mise en relation par la mer de territoires extrêmement fragmentés, par une « connectivity » facilitée par les Empires. Le titre énigmatique de leur livre, The Corruptive Sea, « La Mer corruptrice », prend dès lors tout son sens. Parce qu’elle met en relation, cette mer serait une menace pour le bon ordre social et pour la paix dans les familles. Cette proximité entre sociétés différentes qui se connaissent fait que le monde méditerranéen s’offre comme un terrain idéal au comparatisme « à bonne distance ». C’est sous le sceau de ce comparatisme raisonné que s’inscrivent désormais les travaux les plus convaincants, qu’ils se réclament explicitement ou non de l’anthropologie de la Méditerranée (voir sur la nourriture Fabre-Vassas, 1994, sur la parenté Bonte éd., 1994 , sur la sainteté Kerrou éd., 1998 et les traditions religieuses, sur les migrations et les réseaux Cesari, éd., 2002, sur le cosmopolitisme Driessen, 2005) Tantôt les recherches soulignent les proximités (Albera, 2005, 2009, Dakhlia, 2008, Dakhlia et Kaiser, 2011), tantôt elles les relativisent (Fernandez Morera, 2016, Bromberger, 2018), tantôt elles insistent sur les aspects conflictuels (Chaslin, 1997). Une autre voie est de considérer le monde méditerranéen, non pas comme un ensemble fait de similarités et de proximités mais comme un espace fait de différences qui forment système. Et ce sont ces différences complémentaires, s’inscrivant dans un champ réciproque, qui permettent de parler d’un système méditerranéen. Chacun se définit, ici peut-être plus qu’ailleurs, dans un jeu de miroirs (de coutumes, de comportements, d’affiliations) avec son voisin. Les comportements alimentaires, les normes régissant l’apparence vestimentaire et pileuse, le statut des images… opposent ainsi des populations revendiquant un même Dieu (Bromberger, 2018).

Dans cette thèse nous nous intéressons à deux modèles simplifiés décrivant des écoulements turbulents. Dans ces deux modèles, la turbulence est caractérisée par l'invariance d'échelle et des propriétés statistiques universelles, comme observé pour la turbulence hydrodynamique réelle. Ce type de comportement est très familier en physique: il s'agit d'un système critique. Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons un outil très répandu pour l'étude de la criticalité: le groupe de renormalisation fonctionnel (FRG). Le premier modèle, nommé modèle de Sabra, décrit les interactions effectives entre un nombre discret de modes de vitesse d'un fluide turbulent. Cette description schématique conserve beacoup de propriétés essentielles de la turbulence. En particulier, le champ de vitesse est multi-fractal. La façon dont la dynamique engendre cette multi-fractalité est encore mal comprise d'un point de vue théorique. Dans cette thèse, nous formulons un flot de renormalisation inverse, c'est-à-dire intégrant les plus grandes échelles d'abord. Grâce à cette méthode, nous trouvons un point fixe du flot de renormalisation ayant une invariance d'échelle anormale, et relativement proche de la valeur attendue pour certaines observables. Nous montrons que ce point fixe diffère de celui obtenu lorsque toutes les échelles sont forcées, par un forçage avec un spectre en loi de puissance, qui correspond au point fixe du RG obtenu en théorie de perturbation. Le second modèle étudié est l'équation de Burgers, qui décrit la dynamique d'un fluide en l'absence de pression. Nous nous intéressons à l'effet d'un bruit conservatif sur le champ de vitesse. Nous prouvons l'existence d'un régime d'invariance d'échelle avec un exposant critique dynamique z=1 en utilisant une fermeture exacte de l'équation de flot de renormalisation. Cette fermeture est permise par l'existence de certaines symétries de l'équation de Burgers. Ce nouveau régime d'invariance d'échelle avait été observé auparavant dans des solutions numériques de l'équation de Burgers. Nous apportons dans cette thèse une preuve théorique de son existence, et calculons les propriétés universelles associées
In this thesis, we focus on two simplified models describing turbulent flows. In these two models, the turbulent state exhibits scale-invariance and universal statistical properties resembling those of true hydrodynamical turbulence. This type of behaviour is very familiar in physics: it corresponds to a critical system. In this work, we use a widely used tool in the study of criticality: the functional renormalisation group (FRG). The first model, named the Sabra shell model, describes effective interactions among a discrete number of velocity modes of a turbulent fluid. This schematic description captures many essential properties of turbulent flows. In particular, the velocity field is multifractal. The way in which the dynamics generates this multifractality is still poorly understood from a theoretical perspective. In this thesis, we formulate a reverse renormalisation flow, meaning that we integrate out the largest scales first. Using this method, we find a fixed point of the renormalisation flow with anomalous scale invariance, relatively close to the expected value for certain observables. We show that it is clearly distinct from the fixed point obtained when all scales are forced, through a forcing with a power-law spectrum, which corresponds to the fixed point of the RG obtained in perturbation theory. The second model studied is the Burgers equation, which describes the dynamics of a fluid in the absence of pressure. We focus on the effect of a conservative noise on the velocity field. We prove the existence of a scale invariant regime with a critical dynamical exponent z=1 using an exact closure of the renormalisation flow equation. This closure relies on the existence of certain symmetries of the Burgers equation. Indications of the existence of this new scaling regime were previously found in numerical solutions of the Burgers equation. We provide in this thesis a theoretical proof of its existence and calculate the associated universal properties

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University
ENGLISH ABSTRACT : In this thesis, we first review the traditional pre-credit crunch approach that considers a single curve to consistently price all instruments. We review the theoretical pricing framework and introduce pricing formulas for plain vanilla interest rate derivatives. We then review the curve construction methodologies (bootstrapping and global methods) to build an interest rate curve using the instruments described previously as inputs. Second, we extend this work in the modern post-credit framework. Third, we review the calibration of the SABR model. Finally we present applications that use interest rate curves and SABR model: stripping implied volatilities, transforming the market observed smile (given quotes for standard tenors) to non-standard tenors (or inversely) and calibrating the market volatility smile coherently with the new market evidences.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Geen Afrikaanse opsomming geskikbaar nie

För att prissätta optioner är val av modell en viktig fråga. I denna kandidatuppsats

beskrivs både Black & Scholes modell och SABR-modellen. Förstnämnda modell är

enklare än SABR-modellen men bygger på antaganden som inte stämmer överens med

verkligheten. Den ger heller inte någon explicit formel för den implicita volatiliteten

och predikterar inte heller på ett korrekt sätt fenomenet volatility smile vilket

observeras på marknaden.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utvärdera prestandan hos SABR-modellen och

användarvänligheten, samt att undersöka lite av teorin bakom modellen och vissa av

dess egenskaper. Till grund för beräkningarna ligger datamaterial hämtat från Nasdaq

OMX Nordic.

Enligt mina beräkningar är resultatet att SABR-modellen endast presterar marginellt

bättre än Black & Scholes-modellen. Dock kan även små förbättringar spela stor roll i

dessa sammanhang.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: 1) estudar a fenologia, o crescimento e desenvolvimento de quatro híbridos de milho AG9010, DAS CO32, Exceler e DKB 333B semeados no período da "safrinha" na região de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo; 2) calibrar e testar o desempenho do modelo CERES-Maize para simular o desenvolvimento e a produtividade do milho "safrinha" para a mencionada região; 3) aplicar o modelo calibrado e testado para a determinação das épocas de semeadura com menores riscos, para as condições de sequeiro e irrigada, para os quatro híbridos mencionados; 4) aplicar o modelo CERES-Maize para simulações de longo período visando a estimativa da previsão de safra do milho "safrinha" na região de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo; 5) verificar a existência de associação entre parâmetros climáticos e o fenômeno do ENOS (El Niño Oscilação Sul) na região de Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo; 6) analisar a influencia do fenômeno do ENOS na produtividade da cultura do milho “safrinha”. Para tanto, três experimentos de campo com quatro híbridos de milho foram conduzidos na Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo, em Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, durante os anos de 2001 e 2002. Um experimento foi conduzido no ano 2001 sob condições irrigadas e os outros dois no ano 2002: um sob condições de sequeiro e outro sob irrigação. Todos os experimentos tiveram delineamento de blocos completos ao acaso. Os híbridos de milho utilizados neste estudo foram: AG9010 (ciclo super precoce), DAS CO32 e Exceler (ciclo precoce) e DKB 333B (ciclo normal). As datas de semeadura foram 15 de março para o experimento de 2001 e 13 de março para os experimentos conduzidos em 2002. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo indicaram que o milho “safrinha”, sob condições de sequeiro, apresentou em geral, menores valores de IAF, altura de planta e acúmulo de matéria seca do que sob condições de irrigação. A cultura submetida a limitação de água no solo teve uma atividade radicular intensa nas camadas mais profundas do solo, sugerindo que um incremento no comprimento das raízes foi a resposta às deficiências hídricas. O modelo CERES-Maize simulou com adequada precisão a fenologia e o rendimento do milho “safrinha” para as condições de Piracicaba. Em geral, para os dois sistemas de cultivo, sob irrigação e sob sequeiro, quanto mais tardia a semeadura, menor o rendimento do milho “safrinha” simulado para os quatro híbridos. O modelo CERES-Maize mostrou ser uma excelente ferramenta para a previsão do rendimento do milho “safrinha”, utilizando-se dados climatológicos combinados aos dados meteorológicos do ano em questão. Com esse procedimento foi possível se obter adequada estimativa do rendimento com 45 dias de antecedência à colheita nos quatro híbridos de milho semeados na “safrinha” em Piracicaba. Os fenômenos “El Niño” e “La Niña” tiveram influência sobre o rendimento do milho “safrinha” em Piracicaba, em decorrência de mudanças nos padrões de precipitação durante os meses de abril e maio. Os rendimentos foram maiores durante os anos de “El Niño” do que em anos de “La Niña”, que por sua vez foram superiores aos rendimentos obtidos para os anos neutros.
The objectives of the present work were: 1) to study the phenology and development of four maize hybrids: AG9010, DAS CO32, Exceler and DKB 333B sown off-season in Piracicaba region, State of São Paulo, Brazil; 2) to calibrate and test the CERES-Maize model to estimate the productivity and development for the four maize hybrids sown off-season for the mentioned region; 3) to apply the model for determination of sowing dates with less risk, for irrigated and rainfed conditions, for the four maize studied hybrids; 4) to apply the CERES-Maize model for long term climatic conditions aiming yield forecast; 5) to verify the association between climatic parameter and ENSO phases (El Niño Southern Oscillation) for Piracicaba region; 6) to analyze the influence of ENSO phases in maize productivity. Three field experiments that included four hybrids with different maturity durations were conducted during the autumn and winter growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 at the Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, University of São Paulo, in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. One experiment was conducted in 2001 under irrigated conditions, and two experiments were conducted in 2002, one under rainfed and another under irrigated conditions. All experiments had a randomized complete block design. The maize hybrids used in this study were: AG9010 (very short season), DAS CO32 and Exceler (short season) and DKB 333B (normal season). The sowing dates were March 15th, for the 2001 experiment, and March 13th, for the 2002 experiments. CERES-Maize model was calibrated and tested with data obtained in these experiments. The results suggested that maize sown off-season under rainfed conditions, presented in general, lower values of LAI, plant height and less dry matter accumulation than under irrigated conditions. An increase in root water uptake on deep layers of the soil was evident on maize crop under soil water limitations conditions. The CERES-Maize model simulated with accuracy the maize phenology and yield for off-season conditions. In general, for the two cropping systems, irrigated and rainfed, as more delayed the planting date is, less simulate yield for the four hybrids. The CERES-Maize was an excellent tool for maize off-season yield forecast using climatic historic data combined with data from the year of study. This procedure permitted to obtain a good estimation of yield 45 days before harvest for the hybrids sown off-season in Piracicaba. The ENSO phases had influence on maize sown off-season yield, as result of the precipitation patterns during April and May months. The highest yields were simulated for “El Niño” years, being higher than yields for “La Niña” years, which were higher than for neutral years.

The ongoing effort to improve the sensitivity and information content of NMR spectroscopy and MRI has important implications in scientific research and medical diagnostics. In this dissertation, a variety of approaches have been investigated and expanded on in an effort to contribute to this field. First, cryptophanes are cage-shaped molecules that have previously been used to encapsulate molecules of interest for a number of potential applications--including gas sensing and biosensing. In one set of studies, encapsulation of molecular hydrogen gas (H2) has shown different behavior compared to other small organic molecules in C111 (up until now, the smallest cryptophane). The transient, non-covalent binding was studied by variable-temperature NMR at different fields up to 950 MHz. A mathematical model that considers multiple-H2 binding was developed to better understand the physics and binding process, with predictions compared to experimental data (and rationalized in light of quantum chemical calculations on possible H2@C111 complexes). To our knowledge, C111 is the only system to reversibly trap multiple H2 gas molecules non-covalently under mild conditions. In a second series of studies, the interaction of laser-polarized xenon and a water-soluble cryptophane was studied. Despite the low concentration of xenon in aqueous solution, it was possible to achieve polarization transfer from xenon to cryptophane spins via the SPINOE (spin-polarization induced nuclear Overhauser effect). The SPINOE enhancements, along with the 129Xe NMR spectra, provide information about the interaction of the Xe-cryptophane complex (variants of which are now used in so-called xenon biosensors). This was our first in-house successful application of hyperpolarized xenon as a signal source for the spins of other molecules, leading the way to a number of ongoing studies. Although the absolute NMR enhancements obtained via the SPINOE were small, much larger enhancements were studied in a technique that uses para-hydrogen (pH2)--a spin isomer of normal molecular hydrogen)--as the source of spin order. As with the xenon experiments (and the H2 binding experiments), pH2 must be delivered as a gas to a sealed sample prior to performing the NMR experiments. Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is an emerging field in enhancing the sensitivity in NMR experiments and may play an important role in MRI studies. Within this field a very recent phenomena of signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) was investigated. The reproducibility of this recent discovery has been examined and new conclusions about the mechanism of this technique are delineated. NMR signal enhancements of nearly ~400-fold are reported. Moreover, a new water soluble NHC-Iridium catalyst was synthesized and investigated in SABRE related studies. We also report the first studies of SABRE-enhancement in biologically tolerable solvents--opening a door to the development of SABRE-hyperpolarized metabolic contrast agents for subsecond molecular imaging in the body. Although much of the above work was motivated by the desire to improve NMR/MRI sensitivity enhancement, other efforts concerned the other side of the equation--improving NMR/MRI information content. The next section concerns our efforts to investigate use of Variable-Angle (VA) NMR to study composite liquid crystal (LC) media comprised of stretched polyacrylamide gels (SAG) and embedded bacteriophage Pf1 particles. This in situ combination exploited the apparent interference between the different solute-aligning properties of the two LC components--yielding composite media with alignment properties that can differ in a tunable manner from those obtained with each medium alone. Characterization of alignment of both large and small molecules provides more insight into the nature of solute alignment that those composite phases introduce--with the goal of developing this approach as a new technique for studying molecular structure and dynamics via the dipolar and quadrupolar couplings that are restored in liquid-crystalline media. Finally the use of SPIONS--superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles--as contrast agents is a relatively new approach to enhance information content in MRI studies; this is particularly true for SPIONs that have been surface-functionalized to achieve an environment-sensitive MR response. Novel surface-functionalized SPIONs were investigated by examining their effect on nuclear spin relaxation in aqueous environments simulating bodily tissues. More specifically, the pH and ionic strength dependent properties of selected dendron-functionalized and polymer-functionalized SPIONs have been examined. Of particular interest to this dissertation is how environment-mediated transient clustering of the SPIONs gives rise to changes in so-called transverse (homogeneous) spin relaxation rates as measured by following the decay of MR signals detected after the application of a series of radio-frequency (RF) pulses. In order to better understand these effects in the context of the SPIONs' behavior, a mathematical model is under development whose predictions are compared with experimental data. Aspects of the model are also compared to transmission electron micrography (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).

Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis surveys and implements some calibration methods for the SABR and Heston models. Hagan (2002) examined the effect of the SABR parameters on the skew in order to determine which parameters may be redundant. Hagan andWest (2005) found that by fixing one of the parameters in the SABR model, the remaining parameters were stable over time. We implement a SABR calibrator to confirm that the parameters are stable over time. We then examine the effects of the five Heston parameters on the skew in order to determine if any of the parameters are redundant. Calibrators where some parameters have been fixed and calibrators where no parameters have been fixed are implemented. The performance of these calibrators is then compared based on three criteria: the stability of the parameters over time, the fit of the solution and the computational efficiency of the calibrator. We find that the Heston parameters are more stable if the redundant parameters are fixed, the computation time is less and the fit is slightly worse. All implementations are done in the context of the South African market. The calibrators are programmed in Matlab and the code is included in the appendix.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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O presente trabalho desenvolveu um instrumento com base em regressão linear múltipla, cuja finalidade é estimar a relação entre duas áreas plantadas com culturas concorrentes. O estudo teve como foco o Paraná e a escolha recaiu sobre o cultivo da soja e do milho, principal prática na safra de verão neste Estado. Na identificação das variáveis mais influentes, o modelo contou com o emprego de uma pesquisa exploratória envolvendo pessoas do ramo agrícola e com informações de fontes especializadas. As estimativas obtidas pelo instrumento idealizado, comparadas a valores correlatos já conhecidos, mostram dentro de suas limitações, atender as expectativas esperadas. Desta forma os resultados permitem concluir sobre a viabilidade de sua utilização e da importância que a modelagem matemática pode proporcionar como ferramenta de apoio no contexto de um processo produtivo. The present brainwork has developed an instrument based on the multiple linear regression, whose purpose is to estimate the relation betuween two planted grounds whit rival cultivation. The study has had the state of Paraná as its anter of interest ande chice has fallen back to the soy and corn cultivaition which was the main practice in the summer crop in that state. In the identification of the most variable influents, the model hás counted on the application of na exploiting research involving people in the agricultural branch and with information of specialized sources. The achieved estimations by the idealized instrument, compared whith the abready known correlated values, try to attend the prospective expectations inside its limitations prospective expectations. That way the results allow to conclude the viability of its utilization and importance that the mathematics shape may provide as a support tool in the context of a produtive process.

O milho de segunda safra, também conhecido como milho safrinha, é definido como aquele semeado entre os meses de janeiro e março. Esta modalidade de cultivo atingiu no ano agrícola de 2013/2014 uma área plantada de 9,18 milhões de hectares, superior a área cultivada com milho primeira safra, que no mesmo período foi de 6,61 milhões de hectares. Na segunda safra, há alto risco de instabilidades climáticas, principalmente em decorrência de baixas temperaturas, geadas, má distribuição de chuvas e redução do fotoperíodo. Todos estes fatores prejudicam a atividade fotossintética do milho, reduzindo sua produtividade. No entanto, dada a importância deste cultivo, empresas públicas, privadas e universidades vêm buscando incrementar a produtividade e a estabilidade. Para isso, alguns caracteres são especialmente preconizados. Devido ao alto risco de perda por adversidades ambientais, muitos produtores investem pouco em adubação, principalmente adubação nitrogenada. Neste contexto, o desenvolvimento de plantas mais eficientes no uso e, ou, tolerantes ao estresse por nitrogênio, resultaria em maior segurança para o produtor. Não obstante, a precocidade tem elevada importância, já que materiais precoces reduzem o risco de perdas neste período. No entanto, a mesma deve estar sempre associada a alta produtividade. Assim, para a seleção simultânea destes caracteres, pode-se lançar mão de índices per se de resposta das plantas ao estresse, análises gráficas e, ou, índices de seleção simultânea. Adicionalmente, os valores genotípicos das linhagens para essas características, além de serem preditos via REML/BLUP single-trait (análise univariada), também podem ser preditos via REML/BLUP multi-trait (análise multivariada). Dessa forma, os valores genotípicos são corrigidos pela covariância existente entre os caracteres. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a possibilidade de seleção simultânea para eficiência no uso e tolerância ao estresse por nitrogênio, além de plantas precoces e produtivas. Para isto, linhagens de milho tropical foram cultivadas e avaliadas para estes caracteres. Foram então simulados diversos cenários de seleção simultânea. A partir destes resultados, observou-se que o índice per se de resposta das plantas ao estresse Média Harmônica da Performance Relativa (MHPR) foi o mais eficiente na seleção de plantas eficientes no uso e tolerantes ao estresse por nitrogênio. Isto ocorreu devido a forte correlação desfavorável entre os índices que estimam a eficiência e a tolerância, além da superioridade e em acurácia, herdabilidade e ganhos com a seleção deste índice per se. Já para a seleção simultânea da produtividade e precocidade, o índice Aditivo de seleção simultânea, utilizando os valores genotípicos preditos via REML/BLUP single-trait se mostrou o mais eficiente, já que obteve ganhos satisfatórios em todos os caracteres e há a possibilidade de modular, de forma mais satisfatória, os ganhos em cada caractere. Conclui-se que a seleção simultânea tanto para eficiência no uso e tolerância ao estresse por nitrogênio, quanto para produtividade e precocidade são possíveis. Além disso, a escolha do melhor método de seleção simultânea depende da magnitude e do sentido da correlação entre os caracteres.
Second growing season maize, also known as winter maize, is the maize sowed in Brazil between January and March. This growing modality reached 9.18 million hectares in 2013/2014, higher than the area cultivated in first growing season that was 6.61 million hectares in the same period. In the second season, there is a high risk of climate instabilities, mainly due to low temperatures, frost, poor rainfall distribution and reduction of photoperiod. All these factors harm photosynthetic activity, reducing the maize yield. However, because of the recent plant area increasing, public, private companies and universities have sought increased yield and stability of the second growing season maize. For this, some traits are mainly in the selection process. With the high risk of yield loses due to environmental adversities, many farmers have done little investment in fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilization. In this context, the development of plants that are nitrogen use efficient and nitrogen stress tolerant could result in a safer activity for the farmers. In addition, the earliness is highly important, since early materials reduce the risk of losses during this period. However, the earliness must always be associated with a high yield. This way, simultaneous selection of these traits can be made by per se responses indexes of stressed plants, graphical analysis and simultaneous selection indexes. Additionally, the genotypic values of the genotypes for the traits can be predicted not only by REML/BLUP single-trait (univariate analysis), but also by REML/BLUP multi-trait (multivariate analysis). In the second, the genotypic values are adjusted considering the covariance between the traits. This way, the objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of simultaneous selection for nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen stress tolerance, as well as early and high yielding plants. For this, tropical maize lines were grown and evaluate. By these data, it was simulated several simultaneous selection sets. It was observed that Harmonic Mean of the Relative Performance (HMRP) is the most efficient in the selection for nitrogen use efficient and nitrogen stress tolerance. This probably occurs due to the strong unfavorable correlation between the indexes that estimate the efficiency and the tolerance, as well as the superiority in accuracy, heritability and selections gains of HMRP. In case of simultaneous selection for yield and earliness, the additive simultaneous selection index using the genotypic values predicted by REML/BLUP single-trait proved the most efficient selection, because it got satisfactory gains in all the traits and, this index allows the possibility to modulate the gains in each trait. It was concluded that the simultaneous selection for nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen stress tolerance, as well as for yield and earliness are possible. Furthermore, the choice of the best simultaneous selection method depends on the magnitude and direction of the correlation between the traits.

The maize (Zea mays L.), due to its importance in human and animal diet, is one of the most widespread crop in the world. In Brazil, it is cultivated in almost all regions, due to this, has been the focus of agrometeorological modeling for decades. The AquaCrop model was used in this work in order to simulate the total biomass and daily yield, and get the corn crop forecast for the region of Arapiraca, Alagoas. The model uses the canopy cover (CC), instead of leaf area index (LAI) as a basis for separate calculations of the plant transpiration and evaporation of soil water. The productivity is calculated as the product of biomass and harvest index (HI). The input data of model experiments were performed by Medeiros (2008), in Batingas town in the country of Arapiraca-AL. For four seasons of sowing, the results of soil water storage simulated by the model AquaCrop tended to be similar to those observed variation. However, for the third sowing date had observed the storage maximum value (171.66 mm) at 35 DAE, whereas the maximum simulated (115.0 mm) occurred at 24 DAE. For the final yield biomass (kg ha-1) the maximum and minimum values observed (simulated) ranged from 13.059 (11.861) and 9.873 (8.306) for 3rd and 4th season of planting, respectively. The simulated grain yield was between 4.406 and 2.069 kg ha-1 for the 3rd and 4th sowing time, underestimating by 2.0% (3rd SS) and overestimated by 5.1% (4th SS). The overestimation of the 4th season of sowing due to the adjustment of the depth of the root system at 0.75 m, where for the other seasons of sowing depth considered was 0.60 m (MEDEIROS et al., 2008). The AquaCrop model is a tool to predict corn yield of the AL Bandeirante variety. This procedure allows for adequate estimation of grain yield with 18 days prior to harvest in the Agreste region of Alagoas, providing end users of the model program storage, logistics and marketing of grain crop to be harvested.
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
O milho (Zea mays L.), devido a sua importância na dieta alimentar humana e animal, é uma das culturas mais difundidas no mundo. No Brasil, é cultivado em praticamente todas as regiões, devido a isto, tem sido foco da modelagem agrometeorológica por décadas. O modelo AquaCrop foi utilizado nesse trabalho com o objetivo de simular a produção de biomassa total e diária, produtividade de grãos, bem como obter a previsão de safra do milho para região de Arapiraca, Alagoas. O modelo usa a cobertura do dossel (CD), em vez do índice de área foliar (IAF), como base para calcular separadamente a transpiração das plantas e a evaporação da água do solo. A produtividade é calculada como o produto da biomassa e do índice de colheita (IC). Os dados de entrada do modelo foram de experimento realizado por Medeiros (2008), no povoado Batingas no município de Arapiraca-AL. Para as quatro épocas de semeio, os resultados do armazenamento de água no solo simulados pelo modelo AquaCrop apresentaram tendência de variação similar aos valores observados. Porém, para terceira época de semeadura o armazenamento observado apresentou valor máximo (171,66 mm) aos 35 DAE, enquanto que o valor máximo simulado (115,0 mm) ocorreu aos 24 DAE. Para a produção de biomassa final (kg ha-1) os valores máximos e mínimos observados (simulados) variaram entre 13.059 (11.861) e 9.873 (8.306) para 3ª e 4ª época de semeadura, respectivamente. A produtividade de grãos simulada foi entre 4.406 e 2.069 kg ha-1, para a 3ª e 4ª época de semeadura, subestimando em 2,0% (3ª ES) e superestimando em 5,1 % (4ª ES). A superestimativa da 4ª época de semeadura deve-se ao ajustamento da profundidade do sistema radicular em 0,75 m, em que para as demais épocas de semeadura a profundidade considerada foi 0,60 m (MEDEIROS et al., 2008). O modelo AquaCrop é uma ferramenta para previsão da produtividade de milho da variedade AL Bandeirante. Esse procedimento permite obter adequada estimativa do rendimento de grãos com 18 dias de antecedência à colheita na região do Agreste Alagoano, disponibilizando aos usuários finais do modelo programar o armazenamento, logística e comercialização da safra de grãos a ser colhida.

This chapter looks at a selection of post-2000 Asian American films that feature Asian American protagonists who are 1.5 or second-generation immigrants. The Debut (dir. Gene Cajayon), Red Doors (dir. Georgia Lee), Saving Face (dir. Alice Wu), and Charlotte Sometimes (dir. Eric Byler) question the professional and financial ambitions that were hallmarks of the model minority ideal of the economically successful Asian American established in the 1960s. The films depict protagonists who find themselves unable to fulfill what Sara Ahmed calls the "happiness duty" and experience melancholia and depression. A number of these independent Asian American filmmakers explore non-heteronormative and non-conjugal ways of expressing love and passion, revealing the shifting values, transcultural affiliations and desires that are now part of the multiplicity of Asian North American identity.

We began as part of the body was a practice research project that interrogated the impact of technology and science on the body and human experience and ethical questions concerning these dynamics. It was developed with Professor Sara Brown, in the laboratory at the School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Scotland, and ASCUS Art & Science, Scotland’s first non-profit organisation connecting art and science. The project resulted in a multi-component body of outputs, including: 1. A 6 minute spoken word sound piece. 2. A set of thirty eight 3D printed skin cell models. 3. Three 360 degree photographs. 4. A Mixed Reality (MR) immersive experience for Magic Leap headset. 5. An 8 minute film. 6. An Augmented Reality app for iOS. The project sought to bring together scientific rigour with poetic methods, and make complex genetic research more accessible. It challenged audiences to think critically about science, their role and responsibility within genetic research, and the impact such engagement might have on our understanding of what it means to be human. We began as part of the body extends Hood’s interests in creating sophisticated, experimental and challenging, yet accessible creative research projects that explore the relationship between the body, technology and science, where research, practice and impact are intertwined.

Abstract Justice stands as the crown jewel of the Islamic moral universe. Qur’anic references to justice are more frequent than those to the prophets of Islam. It is justice, rather than jihad or “holy war” of the Western imagination, that defines the centrist Islam of the Qur’an. Justice in midstream Islam is at once “one and many,” to borrow a formulation of Islamic mystics. Justice is one as the core Islamic value, and many in the particular struggles for social justice it inspires. Abu Dharr al Ghifari, the beloved seventh-century companion of the Prophet Muhammad, authored several hundred prophetic traditions and fought for the rights of the poor. Abu Dharr modeled the combination of scholarship and activism that characterizes Islamic intellectuals. Struggles for social justice waged in Egypt, Turkey, Iran, and beyond evoke the Prophet’s companion as exemplar. The excesses of extremist thinking and the blinding glare of the violence it fosters may threaten to overwhelm the faith. Invariably, however, Islamic intellectuals step forward to restore moderation. Centrist Islam today is winning adherents at a pace that outstrips all other faiths. Individual chapters focus on the contributors to this Awakening, including the Egyptian Shaikh Muhammad al Ghazalli, the Turkish scholar Sa’id Nursi, the Lebanese Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Fadlallah, the martyred Iraqi Grand Ayatollah Baqir al Sadra, the Iranian intellectual Ali Shariati, and the American athlete and Muslim convert Muhammad Ali. Their stories explain how an awakened Islam has today become a global phenomenon.

Examining the analytic tools of scholars in religious studies, as well as in related disciplines that have shaped the field, this updated textbook includes cultural approaches from anthropology, history, literature, and critical studies in race, sexuality, and gender. Each chapter is written by a leading scholar and includes: the biographical and historical context of each theoristtheir approaches and key writingsanalysis and evaluation of each theorya list of key termssuggested further reading Part One: Comparative Approaches considers how major features such as taboo, texts, myths, and ritual work across religious traditions. This section explores the work of Mary Douglas, Phyllis Trible, Wendy Doniger, Catherine Bell and, new to this edition, Tomoko Masuzawa, whose contributions reveal the colonialist assumptions of the comparative, world religions model. Part Two: Examining Particularities analyzes the comparative approach through the work of Alice Walker, Charles Long, and Caroline Walker Bynum, who all suggest that the specifics of race, body, place and time must be considered. Part Three: Expanding Boundaries examines Gloria Anzaldúa’s language of religion, as well as the work of Judith Butler on performative, queer theories of religion, Saba Mahmood, whose work considers postcolonial religious encounters, secularism, and the relationship between “East” and “West”. New to this edition is Jasbir Puar’s work on work on affect, gender, sexuality, and disability. Along with a list of key terms, each section now includes an introduction highlighting the contributions of each thinker and their relation to previous theories that dominated the field.

Fascinated and often baffled by China, Anglophone writers turned to classics for answers. In poetry, essays, and travel narratives, ancient Greece and Rome lent interpretative paradigms and narrative shape to Britain’s information on the Middle Kingdom. While memoirists of the diplomatic missions in 1793 and 1816 used classical ideas to introduce Chinese concepts, Roman history held ominous precedents for Sino–British relations according to Edward Gibbon and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. John Keats illuminated how peculiar such contemporary processes of Orientalist knowledge-formation were. In Britain, popular opinion on Chinese culture wavered during the nineteenth century, as Charles Lamb and Joanna Baillie demonstrated in ekphrastic responses to chinoiserie. A former reverence for China yielded gradually to hostility, and the classical inheritance informed a national identity-crisis over whether Britain’s treatment of China was civilized or barbaric. Amidst this uncertainty, the melancholy conclusion to Virgil’s Aeneid became the master-text for the controversy over British conduct at the Summer Palace in 1860. Yet if Rome was to be the model for the British Empire, Tennyson, Sara Coleridge, and Thomas de Quincey found closer analogues for the Opium Wars in Greek tragedy and Homeric epic. Meanwhile, Sinology advanced considerably during the Victorian age, with translations of Laozi and Zhuangzi placed in dialogue with the classical tradition. Classics changed too, with not only canonical figures invoked in discussions of China, but current interests such as Philostratus and Porphyry. Britain broadened its horizons by interrogating the cultural past anew as it turned to Asia: Anglophone readers were cosmopolitans in time as well as space, aggregating knowledge of Periclean Athens, imperial Rome, and many other polities in their encounters with Qing Dynasty China.

Falar da atuação do Profissional de Educação Física no SUS para mim é um prazer e um dever. PRAZER porque é bom falar daquilo que gostamos e o DEVER onde me cabe apontar, fiscalizar e promover as ações e dar visibilidade a nossa profissão da melhor maneira possível. Ver o quanto podemos fazer na saúde pública e não ter isso registrado, formalizado, foi pra mim a mola propulsora para organizar esse e-book. Confesso que desde o princípio sabia que ia dar certo. Quando comecei a entrar em contato com os colegas de outros estados, pude sentir em suas vozes a certeza de que queiram a mesma coisa que eu, ou seja, dar vazão aquilo que realizavam no SUS, mas que não tinha a sua valorização, o seu reconhecimento. Não acordamos em busca de reconhecimento, mas sim, merecimento. Merecemos ser valorizados, merecemos ser lembrados, merecemos ter o nosso espaço definido dentro de tantos outros já consolidados. Foi com imensa alegria que recebi os aceites dos colegas e assim organizando essa bela coletânea de relatos de experiência, em formato digital, intitulado de COGITO ERGO “SUS”: RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIAS DE PROFISSIONAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NO SUS. “ Esse título nos remete a expressão latina “cogito ergo sum” que significa “Penso, logo sou”. A inclusão da palavra SUS nesta expressão para mim tem o valor notório que pensamos em SUS em todas as nossas ações sendo estas realizadas nos cenários de práticas, nos territórios sanitários ou qualquer outro espaço de saúde pública, na certeza de que promoveremos saúde e qualidade de vida a todos os usuários do sistema público de saúde. Este livro digital, escrito por mãos de especialistas, oferece um forte diferencial de relatos de experiencia na atuação de Profissionais de Educação Física no SUS. Os colaboradores deste livro digital apresentam um olhar direcionado para o lado humano, enxergando inúmeras perspectivas e caminhos a serem seguidos na direção da formação integral e investindo no potencial que cada um traz consigo, na intenção de se desenvolver, evoluir e transpor os seus limites, a fim de conquistar seus lugares na sociedade e vivenciar experiências longe de padrões adotados cultural e historicamente, que muitas vezes desconsideram o real significado de humanidade. Estes profissionais, e eu me incluo neste grupo, acreditam e lutam por uma sociedade inclusiva com práticas que envolvem a equidade e o respeito por toda a diversidade. Sendo assim, o ebook está regionalizado, proporcionado dessa forma uma viagem de norte a sul do país, do Caburai/RR ao Chuí/RS, com textos de fácil leitura e repleto de intencionalidades durante as diversas práticas corporais e intervenções proporcionadas aos usuários do sistema, comumente chamados os pacientes do SUS. Na região norte pudemos perceber o quanto o regionalismo está presente, principalmente nas nomenclaturas dos territórios de saúde. Na região nordeste, considerada a região com maior número de estados, num total de 9 estados, colabora com relatos de experiencias inigualáveis, começando desde os Programas de Residências, até a atuação cega, mas altamente segura das equipes de NASF-AP. Digo cega pois temos normas a seguirem, porém não temos modelos a quem nos espelhar, o que faz de cada equipe de NASF-AP o seu próprio modelo a seguir, atestando a máxima de que “não importa se está certo ou errado, o que vale é o que está combinado”. Descendo o mapa e parando no coração do Brasilllllll, chegamos à região centrooeste, região que me deixa extremamente a vontade em parafrasear Manoel... (colocar uma fala dele), considerado um ícone da cultura pantaneira, fauna e flora abundante e que reflete nas práticas corporais dessa região, diversas sensações e experiencias inigualáveis. Ter contato com ações realizadas na capital federal não é para qualquer um. Região Sudeste... uma megalópole reunida em 4 estados, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais e Espirito Santo. Linha de passagem para quem sobe ou para quem desce na geografia brasileira. Uma mistura de povos e culturas expressas em relatos técnicos-científicos. E por fim, região sul, a minha região. Nascido no Paraná, mas transitando entre os outros 2 estados, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, poderemos experimentar relatos típicos da região, mas também intervenções profissionais pontuais na promoção da saúde e qualidade de vida, em meio a pandemia. Ah, já ia me esquecendo desse tal COVID-19, uma mudança radical na dinâmica de trabalho, mas que não nos desanimou de forma alguma, promovendo saúde e qualidade de vida via redes sociais. O SUS não pode parar, não é! De uma forma ou de outra, soubemos manter a saúde física e mental em meio a esta pandemia, na certeza de que os nossos usuários precisariam bem mais de nós neste momento tão inseguro. Utilizo uma frase que cabe bem no momento que estamos vivendo: “Do pouco que fazemos, pode ser muito para eles (usuários)”. Uma leitura rica e agradável, na expectativa de que esse time de sucesso possa oferecer com amor e competência dados que qualificam e validam a atuação do Profissional de Educação Física na saúde pública brasileira. Sou do SUS... Vivo o SUS...

Understanding the dissemination of information in social networks has become essential for modern societies. These networks have dramatically changed the mode of communication, relationship, marketing, and access to information. Platforms such as Twitter, and WhatsApp are some representatives of these new information propagation media that represented a major shift in a model centered on traditional communication vehicles. This new decentralized environment gave voice to marginalized groups, riots such as the Arab Spring, growth of populist parties and false news waves across the globe. Therefore, considering the influence of these platforms in several aspects of society, this work presents a framework for characterizing the diffusion of information in social networks, especially on Twitter. This characterization is accomplished through the use of complex network and text mining techniques, exploring the generation of a retweets network, the formation of communities around specific users, cascades of information, analysis of feelings and modeling of topics. As an evaluation this model is applied in characterizing a network of retweets generated around the discussion of pension reform of Brazil on Twitter.

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a investigação de uma adaptação do Cálculo Lambda para a esfera da Computação Quântica. Para tanto apresenta-se a implementação do modelo de computação quântica proposto por Sabry e a definição do Cálculo Lambda Quântico fornecida por Van Tonder. Ao unir estas abordagens, almeja-se explorar e aprender sobre o desenvolvimento de linguagens, e consequentemente algoritmos, para a Computação Quântica.

A cada safra, milhões de litros de etanol e milhares de toneladas de açúcar são exportados pelo setor sucroalcooleiro brasileiro. A ociosidade e sobrecarga de trabalho na produção devido à falta de previsibilidade sobre a quantidade da matéria-prima disponível são alguns problemas no setor. Este trabalho tem como objetivo construir indicadores operacionais, utilizando como base a distribuição dos resíduos do modelo SARIMA (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average), para informar a probabilidade de redução na produção de cana-de-açúcar. A base de dados foi retirada dos resultados trimestrais publicados pelo Grupo São Martinho. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam o potencial do modelo proposto para a tomada de decisão.

Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive approach for assessing asphaltene precipitation and deposition in greenfield wells, which includes asphaltene risk evaluation using stock tank oil and bottomhole oil with and without miscible gas injection, the development of an asphaltene deposition simulation model employing PROSPER, and the interpretation of well operation results. A holistic solution for assessing asphaltene deposition in greenfields is proposed by combining laboratory analysis, simulation models, and field data. The methods involve screening techniques using dead oil, such as SARA plot, De Boer plot, CII index. These preliminary results were complemented with AOP tests using live oil and field intervention outcomes to confirm the risk. A throttle model was developed to estimate asphaltene deposition in wellhead throttle valves, validated using wellhead choke inspection and well test data. The comprehensive approach to managing asphaltene deposition in greenfield proved effective, as demonstrated by the results. The asphaltene risk assessment, well intervention activity interpretation, and simulation model successfully identified high asphaltene risk wells and targeted asphaltene treatment locations. Various screening methods determined different levels of asphaltene risk, with one method selected after comparison with AOP and field observations as the screening technique for new wells and reservoirs. Based on screening, asphaltene envelopes, and the deposition model, eight wells were chosen for asphaltene treatment. This paper offers unique insights by introducing a comprehensive approach for detecting asphaltene deposition in greenfield wells. The novel wellhead choke model, in particular, enables a simple prediction of asphaltene deposition using existing wellhead parameters and well test data. The findings have significant implications for greenfield management and can be applied to other oil-producing regions globally.

Hasta mediados del s. XIX la ciudad de Elche ocupaba el margen derecho del río Vinalopó y el arrabal de Santa Teresa, levantado en el s. XVIII al otro lado del río. Su estructura urbana mantenía la trama de época árabe, desarrollándose en la 2ª mitad del s. XIX el correspondiente ensanche de la ciudad en el margen izquierdo del rio. La reflexión sobre la integración de la ciudad lineal durante el s. XX en la zona del ensanche permite tener una visión de desarrollo de estructuración del espacio ilicitano. El objetivo de este artículo es doble: mostrar brevemente las adaptaciones urbanísticas generales de los barrios del Cuartel y del Pont Nou de la ciudad de Elche y situar al lector en el inicio de la Arquitectura Sacra de la ciudad, como política urbana y proceso de territorialización de Elche. Se concluye que: la estructura lineal de cuadricula ilicitana fue un destacable caso del urbanismo español del s. XX; el proceso de territorialización del ensanche siguiendo el modelo del ingeniero Ildefonso Cerdà fue un acierto para la mejora de la ciudad sin embargo, tuvo el inconveniente de provocar una alta densificación y la destrucción de los palmerales de la ciudad ubicados en dicha zona; en el Plan General del 63 no se aplicó una política adecuada de vivienda ante la creciente demanda y revitalización del ensanche, lo que provocó que posteriormente resultase muy difícil la corrección de los equipamientos de dichos barrios en los subsiguientes planes de ordenación urbana.

Introdução: Spodoptera frugiperda é uma praga que ocasiona perdas significativas na produção do algodão, pois atacam as estruturas reprodutivas como botões florais e maçãs, elevando os custos de produção com o uso excessivo de inseticidas, geralmente não seletivos aos inimigos naturais, que favorecem a seleção de populações resistentes. Para minimizar o impacto destas pulverizações, faz-se necessário a busca de tecnologias sustentáveis, com ênfase para os feromônios sexuais, conceituados como substâncias voláteis que promovem a comunicação entre os insetos, que podem ser utilizados no monitoramento e controle de pragas. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficiência de formulações do feromônio sexual de S. frugiperda no algodão. Material e métodos: O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo testadas três formulações do feromônio de S. frugiperda – F1, F2 e F3, como controle foram utilizados o solvente hexano e fêmeas virgens. Foram utilizadas armadilhas tipo Delta de cor branca, com septo de borracha impregnado com diferentes composições. Os tapetes adesivos das armadilhas foram trocados semanalmente. As armadilhas foram instaladas no período reprodutivo do algodão (safra 2019/2020) em Tangará da Serra - MT. Os dados foram submetidos à Análises de Desvio e ao Modelo Linear Generalizado (GLM). Resultados: Foram coletados 3.666 indivíduos, sendo 96,93% machos e 3,06% fêmeas. As formulações não diferiram entre si, mas diferiram das fêmeas e do hexano pelo GLM (p<0,05). Houve variação na abundância de indivíduos entre os tratamentos, as fêmeas coletaram 1.420 (38,79%), seguida pelas Formulações 3, 2 e 1 que acumularam 755 (20,62%), 690 (18,52%) e 647 (17,67%) respectivamente. O hexano coletou apenas 0,98%. Conclusão: As formulações avaliadas são promissoras para monitoramento e controle de S. frugiperda, no entanto, novos ajustes devem ser efetuados para otimizar a eficiência de coleta das referidas formulações.

Introdução: Chloridea virescens é uma praga que ocasiona perdas significativas na cultura da soja, danificando folhas, flores e vagens, elevando o custo de produção devido ao uso excessivo de inseticidas, na grande maioria não seletivos, que reduzem diretamente os inimigos naturais da praga, além de favorecer a seleção de populações resistentes aos principais grupos químicos utilizados no controle de C. virescens. Para minimizar os impactos gerados pelos agroquímicos, torna-se necessário, a busca por tecnologias sustentáveis, como os feromônios sexuais, que são altamente específicos e se destacam como uma ferramenta importante, no monitoramento e controle de pragas. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficiência de duas formulações de feromônio sexual para o monitoramento de C. virescens na soja. Material e métodos: O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com 3 tratamentos e 5 repetições, foram testadas 2 formulações de feromônio sexual de C. virescens – F1 e F2, como controle foi utilizado o solvente hexano. As armadilhas usadas foram do tipo Delta de cor branca, com septo de borracha impregnado com as diferentes formulações. Estas foram instaladas no campo no período reprodutivo da soja na safra 2020/2021 em Tangará da Serra – MT. Os tapetes adesivos das armadilhas foram trocados semanalmente. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Desvio e ao Modelo Linear Generalizado (GLM). Resultados: As formulações diferiram entre si (p<0,05), com a formulação 2 capturando 113 mariposas (83,70%), formulação 1 coletando 15 (11,11%) e o hexano coletando 7 (5,19%). Conclusão: Os resultados dessa pesquisa demonstram que a formulação 2 tem potencial para o manejo voltado para o monitoramento de C. virescens na cultura da soja em Mato Grosso, contudo novos estudos devem ser realizados para otimizar a formulação e melhorar a eficiência da captura de mariposas de C. virescens.

Serious operational problems caused by asphaltene deposition during oil production have driven the ongoing effort to understand this phenomenon. Many studies have focused on related asphaltene precipitation flocculation and deposition in oil reservoirs and flow assurance in the wellbores. Experimental techniques and theoretical models have been developed trying to understand and predict asphaltene behavior. Nevertheless, some ambiguities still remain with regard to the characterization of asphaltene in crude oil and its stability during the primary, secondary, and tertiary recovery stages within the near-wellbore regions. The paper will review asphaltene in crude oil systems: asphaltene properties and their impact on oil production, including the effects of pressure, temperature, and composition. Asphaltene content is an important factor in determining the properties of a crude oil. Three main methods are used to measure the asphaltene content in laboratory: the first method called SARA, which separates dead oil into saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes depending on their solubility and polarity. The second is aliphatic hydrocarbon titration using dead oil; in this method the asphaltene precipitation point is detected by the asphaltene precipitation detection unit (APDU). The third method is the depressurization of a live oil bottomhole sample, this method depends on monitoring the flocculation point due to light transmittance caused by the infrared laser [3]. Solubility and density parameters trends are proportional to the pressure depletion until the pressure reaches the bubble point. Below the bubble point pressure (Pb), the solubility and density are inversely proportional to the pressure. The solubility increases linearly with temperature until the reservoir temperature, after that, it decreases linearly as the temperature increases. These advanced measurements facilitate an understanding of petroleum heavy constituents. Anew research field called “Petroleomics” has started receiving more attention; it is based on integrating the different knowledge of chemical composition of petroleum to develop correlation studies and improve the prediction of asphaltene phase behavior.

Relevant geospatial data layers are required for developing next generation ecological response models for specific reaches of 5 rivers in Central Texas: Colorado, Concho, San Saba, Llano, and Pedernales Rivers. Therefore, a collaborative effort between Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Texas State University, and Texas A&M University was undertaken to acquire and curate a collection of biological and physical datasets to be utilized as inputs for next generation ecological response models at various spatial scales (watershed, river buffer, and point). The objective was to aggregate and process GIS and remote sensing data layers using advanced geospatial analytics to generate relevant metrics (e.g., landcover, elevation, soil erodibility). Next, subsets of the priority datasets were extracted based on two spatial units of interest (local buffer and watershed). The priorities include (1) Percent land use and land cover information from National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) land use/land cover class types (forest, cultivated land, open water, etc.) and soil composition (%); LU change, (2) Geomorphology for each sampling point, (3) Physiographic information on each sampling point, and (4) Linear stream distance between sampling points (5 Secondary) Distance/network analyses. This work was funded through ERDC’s Next Generation Ecological Modeling Program under the work unit titled, “Remote Sensing and statistical support for multi-scale field-based data collection”.

Dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19, la pratique du télétravail s’est répandue partout sur la planète. Cette étude internationale sur le télétravail en contexte de pandémie, dirigée par Tania Saba, professeure titulaire à l’École de relations industrielles, Université de Montréal et Titulaire de la Chaire BMO en diversité et gouvernance, a permis d’évaluer la pratique du télétravail, ses bénéfices et inconvénients ainsi que le niveau d’adaptation des travailleurs canadiens au travail à domicile, et ce, selon plusieurs caractéristiques et en comparaison avec leurs pairs en France, en Australie et aux États-Unis. Cette étude révèle qu’au Québec l’adoption du télétravail ainsi que l’adaptation à ce nouveau mode de vie sont positivement influencées par la pratique et avec le temps. Cette étude a été réalisée par la Chaire BMO – Diversité et gouvernance avec le soutien de l’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA) dans le cadre des travaux sur les effets des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle et des outils numériques déployés pour lutter contre la propagation de la COVID-19 sur les sociétés soutenues par les Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ).

This study explores Norwegian professionals' experiences of working within partner violence (PV) prevention area, including, cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation as well as possible successful strategies and measures in this area. This report is one of the deliverables of the “Integrated System of Domestic Violence Prevention” (ISDVP) project and of the agreement with The State Treasury, the Institute of Justice in Warsaw, Poland. This study contributes to research on professionals’ experiences of interprofessional collaboration in the domestic violence prevention area – a similar study was conducted in Poland. To facilitate an interdisciplinary and interagency group discussion, five focus groups (with 19 participants) were conducted. The analysis reveals that there is inter- and intra-sectoral collaboration in the domestic violence prevention area. There are marked challenges but also notable success stories. The participants talked about several barriers to cross-sectoral collaborations, such as i) professional requirements of confidentiality, mandate, and/or duty to report, especially in the domestic violence prevention stages; ii) the complexity and plethora of practical and organizational measures and initiatives as well as who does what and when, particularly when helping a client navigate through the system; and iii) the difficulty in defining as well as uncovering domestic violence because it can be understood differently by various parties, especially from a cross-cultural perspective and gender stereotypes. In terms of effective management of multisectoral collaboration, the participants mentioned i) several tools and models, e.g., SARA and Flexid, and ii) organization of emergency shelters; and iii) networking. Besides, the participants reported a need for a nuanced and multifocal approach to domestic violence prevention, including addressing the specificities of different vulnerable groups such as the elderly and the LGBQT+ community. They also talked about the importance of initiatives aimed at removing the stigma and taboo around domestic violence, also through targeting higher education establishments.